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Mayflies of Uncertain Systematic Position

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Appendix Mayflies of uncertain systematic position Most fossil (mainly Mesozoic and Palaeogenous) Anteritoma INCERTAE SEDIS 1 and some insufficiently described Recent mayflies t Hexagenites/fgl have an uncertain position among Ephemeroptera. Nomen hierarchicum: Hexagenites/fgl [f: Hexagenitinae Here generic and species names belonging to such Lameere 1917: 74; g: Hexagenites Scudder 1880: 6, taxa are accounted in the following method: typus H weyenberghii Scudder 1880 (design. orig.)J; Anteritoma INCERT AE SEDIS - names given for synn. subj.: Paedephemeralfg [f: Paedephemeridae fossil supraspecies taxa and selected Recent species Lameere 1917: 49; g: Paedephemera Handlirsch 1906: 601, typus Ephemera multinervosa Oppenheim 1888 of mayflies, whose anteritomous wing structure is (design. Tshemova 1961: 859)]; Stenodicranumlfg [f: known for certain. Stenodicranidae Demoulin 1954f: 553; g: Stenodicra­ Euplectoptera INCERTAE SEDIS (p.356) - names num Demoulin 1954f: 571, typus Ephemera cellulosa given for fossil mayflies known as larvae or adults Hagen 1862 (design. orig.)] [synn. subj.: cellulosa [£.] with poorly preserved wings. Probably, most or all = weyenberghii [H] = multinervosa [£.] (Demoulin 1970c: 7)]. of these mayflies belong to Anteritoma, but this is In circumscription matches: not proven because wing venation and number of - subfam. Ephemeropsinae Cockerell 1924: 136; dentisetae are unknown. - fam. Hexagenitidae: Tshemova 1961: 589. Euephemeroptera INCERTAE SEDIS (p.359) - Mesozoic taxa, one of which (Litophlebialfgl) has References. Cockerell 1924: tl $; - Tshemova 1961: $*; Meshkova 1961: tl; - Tshemova 1970: tl $ - unusual wing structure and others which were Tshemova& Sinitshenkova 1974: $'; - McCafferty 1990: established for indeterminable fragments. tl'; - Martins-Neto 1996: tl'. Pterygota INCERTAE SEDIS (p.360) - Palaeozoic Autapomorphies of Hexagenites/fgl. taxon Syntonopteralfgl possibly related to Epheme­ (I) On fore wing CuA bifurcates to CuAl and roptera s.l., and some taxa erroneously attributed to "CuA2" (non-unique character - see Index of Ephemeroptera. characters [2.2.50]), from the bifurcation a vein Euarthropoda and Animalia INCERT AE SEDIS "iCu" arises, which forms several (3-5) triads (p.361) - fossils, which some authors regard to following one another: anterior branch of each triad belong to mayfly larvae. forms next triad; each of these triads has anterior Nomina dubia (p.361) - old forgotten species branch arched by its convexity anteriorly; all names, possibly belonging to well-known species. branches of these triads go to basitomal margin of wing. Unique apomorphy. (2) Fore and hind wings with more or less expressed vein gemination: at least there are pairs of veins brought together: RSp+MAh iMA+MA2, MP2+CuA; MPI and iMP are more or less approxi­ mated to iMA+MA2• Non-unique apomorphy (see Index of characters [2.2.28]). (3) Tergalius VII is enlarged, distinctly longer than others, while tergalii I-VI have subequallength (unique apomorphy). On all tergalii at least costal rib is thickened and anal rib is situated at a distance 353 354 ApPENDIX from anal margin (as in some other mayflies - see [E.]: Ea; selini [H.]: Ea; trisetalis [E.]: 19, Ea. Index of characters [1.3.28]). Plesiomorpbies of Hexageniteslfgl. Larva has *** siphlonuroid appearance, with dense primary swimming setae on caudalii. Other Anteritoma INCERTAE SEDIS Size. Fore wing length 16-42 IDID. Age. Late Jurassic - Late Cretaceous (Europe, Anteritorna INCERTAE SEDIS 2. t Cronicus/g [g: Croni­ Asia, South America). cus Eaton 1871:133, typus Baetis anomala Pictet & Hagen 1856 (monotypy; syn.subj.: Baetis longipes Pictet & Hagen Nominal taxa included. Hexageniteslfgl includes: 1856)]. (1) Ephemeropsis/fg [f: Ephemeropsinae Cockerell 1924: Reference. Demoulin 1968a: 0 Ea. 136; g: Ephemeropsis Eichwald 1864: 21, typus E. Characters of unclear phylogenetic status. trisetalis Eichwald 1864 (monotypy)]; (2) Phacelobran­ (1) On hind wing bifurcation of MP2 is transferred chus/g [g: Phacelobranchus Handlirsch 1906: 604, typus distally or lost (see Index of characters [2.2.69]). Ph. braueri Handlirsch 1906 (monotypy)], regarded as a (2) Imaginal paracercus is vestigial (see Index of generic synonym of Ephemeropsis (Tshemova 1961: 861); characters [2.3.20]). (3) Protoligoneurialg [g: Protoligoneuria Demoulin (3) Gonostylus with 3 distal segments (see Index of 1955e: 271, typus P. Iimai Demoulin 1955 (design. orig.); characters [2.3.12]). (4) Hexameropsis/g [g: Hexameropsis Tshernova& Sini­ Plesiomorphies. Fore wing with several (5-6) tshenkova 1974: 132, typus H. selini Tshemova & Sini­ simple or branched veins going from CuA to basitomal tshenkova 1974 (design. orig.)]; (5) Mongologenites/g [g: and tomoapical margins. Imaginal and subimaginal claws Mongologenites Sinitshenkova 1986: 45, typus M are ephemeropteroid. lagueatus Sinitshenkova 1986 (design. orig.)]; (6) Palaeo­ Age. Eocene (Baltic amber). baetodes/g [g: Palaeobaetodes Brito 1987: 594, typus P. Material examined: -. costalimai Brito 1987]; (7) Cratogenites/g [g: Cratogeni­ Comment. Demoulin (1968a) attributed Cronicus to tes Martins-Neto 1996: 180, typus C. corratiniae Martins­ Coloburiscinae (i. e. ColoburiscuS/fgl) basing on plesio­ Neto 1996 (design.orig.)]; (8) Cratogenitoides/g [g: morphies only. In order to clarify its systematic position, Cratogenitoides Martins-Neto 1996: 181, typus C. delclosi thorax structure of types (deposited in Humboldt Univer­ Martins-Neto 1996 (design. orig.)]; (9) Caenoephe­ sity) should be examined. meralg [g: Caenoephemera Lin & Huang 2001: 748, typus C. shanguanensis Lin & Huang 2001 (design.orig.)]. Anteritorna INCERTAE SEDIS 3. t Siphlurites/g [g: Siph­ Possibly, here also belongs Costalimella (see below, lurites Cockerell 1923: 170, typus S. explanatus Cockerell Euplectoptera INCERTAE SEDIS). 1923 (design. orig.)]. Species composition of Hexagenites/fgl. Following Reference. Demoulin 1970d: fore wing. formally described species belong here for certain: From Character of unclear phylogenetic status. Mesozoic of Europe: cellulosa Hagen 1862 [Ephemera] (1) Cubital field offore wing with 2 veins going from (synn. subj.: mortua Hagen 1862 [Ephemera], weyen­ CuA to basitomal margin, 1 intercalary going to berghii Scudder 1880 [Hexagenites], multinervosa tomoapical margin, and several (9-10) simple or branched Oppenheim 1888 [Ephemera], oppenheimi Handlirsch veins going from this intercalary to basitornal margin (see 1906 [PaedephemeraD. From Mesozoic of Siberia, Index of characters [2.2.51]). In other respects wing Mongolia and China: lagueatus Sinitshenkova 1986 venation is plesiomorphic. [Mongologenites], martynovae Tshemova 1961 [Epheme­ Age. Miocene (USA). ropsis], selini Tshemova & Sinitshenkova 1974 [Hexa­ Material examined: -. meropsis], shanguanensis Lin & Huang 2001 [Caeno­ ephemera], trisetalis Eichwald 1864 [Ephemeropsis] Anteritorna INCERTAE SEDIS 4. t Electrogenialg [g: (synn. subj.: rossica Eichwald 1866 [Lethaea] , orientalis Electrogenia Demoulin 1956a: 95, typus E. dewalschei Eichwald 1868 [Estheria], braueri Handlirsch 1906 Demoulin 1956 (design. orig.)]. [Phacelobranchus], middendorji Handlirsch 1906 [Ephe­ Reference. Demoulin 1956a: @. meropsis], melanurus Cockerell 1924 [Ephemeropsis], Characters of unclear phylogenetic status. reisi Handlirsch 1939 [Ephemeropsis]). From Lower (1) Cubital field of fore wing with 2 pairs (4 ones) Cretaceous of Brazil: britoi Martins-Neto 1996 [Palaeo­ intercalaries, among which hind pair is longer. The same baetodes], costalimai Brito 1987 [Palaeobaetodes], in Heptagennota and some others (see Index of characters corratiniae Martins-Neto 1996 [Cratogenites], delclosi [2.2.51-52]). Martins-Neto 1996 [Cratogenitoides], limai Demoulin (2) Imaginal paracercus is vestigial (see Index of 1955 [Protoligoneuria]. characters [2.3.20]). Material examined (Paleontol. Inst.): limai [P.]: 19; Plesiomorphies. 1st tarsal segment is fused with lagueatus [M.]: Ea, 19 (presumably associated); martynovae tibia (in contrast to Heptagennota-Pentamerotarsata). MAYFLIES OF UNCERTAIN SYSTEMATIC POSITION 355 Imaginal claws of all legs are ephemeropteroid. Gono­ systematic position, thorax structure of the holotype stylus with 2 distal segments. (deposited in Staatl. Mus. Naturk. Stuttgart) should be Age. Eocene (Baltic amber). examined. Material examined:-. Comment. Demoulin (1956a) attributed Electrogenia Anteritorna INCERTAE SEDIS 8. t Xenophlebia/g [g: Xe­ to Arthropleinae (i. e. Arthroplealfgl); this is wrong, as nophlebia Demoulin 1968a: 267, typus X aenigmatica Electrogenia has no articulation of 1SI tarsal segment with Demoulin 1967 (design. orig.)]. tibia [see Pentamerotarsata (1)]. In order to clarify its Reference. Demoulin 1968a: EfJ. systematic position, thorax structure should be examined. Character of unclear phylogenetic status. (1) Hind wing is diminished; cubital field offore wing Anteritorna INCERTAE SEDIS 5. t Stackelbergisca/g [g: is short, with 2 intercalaries (see Index of characters Stackelbergisca Tshernova 1967: 323, typus S. sibirica [2.2.51-52]). Tshernova 1967 (design. orig.)]. Plesiomorphies. Imaginal claws are ephemeropte- Reference. Tshernova 1967: fore wing, (9 (presu­ roid. Gonostylus with 2 distal segments. mablyassociated). Age. Eocene (Baltic amber). Plesiomorphy. Cubital field offore wing with many Material examined:-. (about 15) veins going from CuA to basitornal margin. Comment. Demoulin (l968a) attributed Xenophlebia Age. 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    DRAFT REVISION—September 3, 1998 Merrimack Station AR-1164 EPA 841-B-99-002 Rapid Bioassessment Protocols For Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates, and Fish Second Edition http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/monitoring/techmon.html By: Project Officer: Michael T. Barbour Chris Faulkner Jeroen Gerritsen Office of Water Blaine D. Snyder USEPA James B. Stribling 401 M Street, NW DRAFT REVISION—September 3, 1998 Washington, DC 20460 Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Rivers 2 DRAFT REVISION—September 3, 1998 NOTICE This document has been reviewed and approved in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Appropriate Citation: Barbour, M.T., J. Gerritsen, B.D. Snyder, and J.B. Stribling. 1999. Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish, Second Edition. EPA 841-B-99-002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Water; Washington, D.C. This entire document, including data forms and other appendices, can be downloaded from the website of the USEPA Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds: http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/monitoring/techmon.html DRAFT REVISION—September 3, 1998 FOREWORD In December 1986, U.S. EPA's Assistant Administrator for Water initiated a major study of the Agency's surface water monitoring activities. The resulting report, entitled "Surface Water Monitoring: A Framework for Change" (U.S. EPA 1987), emphasizes the restructuring of existing monitoring programs to better address the Agency's current priorities, e.g., toxics, nonpoint source impacts, and documentation of "environmental results." The study also provides specific recommendations on effecting the necessary changes.
  • P E R L a Newsletter and Bibliography O F the International Society of Plecopterologists

    P E R L a Newsletter and Bibliography O F the International Society of Plecopterologists

    P E R L A Newsletter and Bibliography o f the International Society of Plecopterologists PERLA No. 20,2002 Aquatic Entomology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas Denton, Texas 76203 PERLA Annual Newsletter and Bibliography of the International Society of Plecopterologists Available on Request to the Managing Editor MANAGING EDITOR: Kenneth W. Stewart Department of Biological Sciences University o f North Texas P O Box 305220 Denton, Texas 76203-5220 USA Fax: 940-565-3821 E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL BOARD: Richard W. Baumann Department of Zoology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602, USA Peter P. Harper Département de Sciences biologiques Université de Montréal C.P. 6128, Suce. "Centre-Ville" Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, CANADA Boris C. Kondratieff Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA Ian D. McLellan P. O. Box 95 Westport, NEW ZEALAND Shigekazu Uchida Department of Civil Engineering Aichi Institute of Technology 1247 Yakusa Toyota 470-0392, JAPAN Peter Zwick Limnologische FluBstation Max-Planck-Institut fur Limnologie Postfach 260 D-36105 Schlitz, GERMANY EDITORIAL ASSISTANT AND COPY EDITOR: Francene Stewart, Denton, Texas DEDICATION This issue is dedicated to the memory of Bill Ricker, eminent fisheries scientist and Plecopterologist, who died on September 8,2001 at “Berwick-on-the-Lake” in Nanaimo, British Columbia. We celebrate his long and productive life, and here particularly his many contributions to knowledge of Plecoptera. See following section on Bill Ricker. COVER ILLUSTRATION Rakuraperla nudipes male. An original drawing done by Ian McLellan in 1976 for his 1977 New Alpine and Southern Plecoptera from New Zealand.