DOCSLIB.ORG

Modelling Groundwater Flow with MIKE SHE Using Conventional Climate Data and Satellite Data As Model Forcing in Haihe Plain, China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Modelling Groundwater Flow with MIKE SHE Using Conventional Climate Data and Satellite Data As Model Forcing in Haihe Plain, China water Article Modelling Groundwater Flow with MIKE SHE Using Conventional Climate Data and Satellite Data as Model Forcing in Haihe Plain, China Yunqiao Shu, Hongjun Li and Yuping Lei * Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China; [email protected] (Y.S.); [email protected] (H.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-311-8588-5030 Received: 3 July 2018; Accepted: 17 September 2018; Published: 20 September 2018 Abstract: In North China Plain, accurate spatial and temporal ET and precipitation pattern is very important in the groundwater resource assessment. This study demonstrated the potential for modelling ET and groundwater processes using remote sensing data for distributed hydrological modelling with MIKE SHE codes in the Haihe Plain, China. The model was successfully validated against independent groundwater level measurements following the calibration period and the model also provided a reasonable match of the lysimeter measurements of ET. The remote sensing data included ET derived from global radiation products of Fengyun-2C geostationary meteorological satellite (FY-2C) and FY-2C precipitation products. The comparisons show that precipitation is a critical factor for the hydrological response and for the spatial distribution of ET and groundwater flow. FY-2C precipitation products has a spatial resolution of about 11 km, which thus adds more spatial variability to the most important driving variable. The ET map based on FY-2C data has a higher spatial variability than that map based on conventional data, which are caused by higher resolution of ground information. The groundwater level changes in the aquifer system are shown in the quite different spatial patterns under two models, which is affected by the significant difference between two types of precipitation. In the Haihe Plain, accurate spatial and temporal ET pattern is very important in the groundwater resource assessment that determines the recharge to the saturated zone. Keywords: distributed hydrological model; remote sensing; evapotranspiration; groundwater; spatial pattern 1. Introduction In general, the surface and groundwater resources and their spatio-temporal variation and use are vaguely known which hinders proper water resources managements. These applications require an accurate prediction of hydrological variables spatially and temporally. Distributed hydrological models can provide the desired variables at required resolution [1,2]. MIKE SHE is a distributed and physically-based hydrological model developed by DHI Group, Inc., which delivers integrated modelling of groundwater, surface water, recharge [3] and evapotranspiration and has been widely used to study various water resource management problem [4–7]. We applied MIKE SHE to the part area of the alluvial plain of Mt. Taihang with an intensive crop growing, China to examine the components of the groundwater balance and to assess the impacts of crop water use and crop rotations on groundwater regime. However, the distributed nature of these models not only requires extensive data amounts for driving the models and for the parameterization of the land surface and subsurface Water 2018, 10, 1295; doi:10.3390/w10101295 www.mdpi.com/journal/water Water 2018, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 19 to assess the impacts of crop water use and crop rotations on groundwater regime. However, the distributed nature of these models not only requires extensive data amounts for driving the Water 2018, 10, 1295 2 of 19 models and for the parameterization of the land surface and subsurface but also requires that they should be calibrated and validated on a distributed basis [5,8,9]. Apart from land surface butdata also (such requires as thattopographic, they should soil, be land calibrated use and and vegetation validated data, on a etc.), distributed a hydrological basis [5,8 ,model9]. Apart need from landthe surface input of data meteorological (such as topographic, data including soil, land precipitation use and vegetation and reference data, evapotranspiration etc.), a hydrological (ET). model needAn the accurate input of representation meteorological of data meteorol includingogical precipitation data in space and and reference time is evapotranspiration critical for reliable (ET). Anpredictions accurate representation of the hydrological of meteorological responses [10] data. in space and time is critical for reliable predictions of the hydrologicalIn order to obtain responses these [10 kinds]. of meteorological data, people are struggling to set up global coverageIn order of to observing obtain these stations kinds making of meteorological surface measurements. data, people However, are struggling there is a to general set up lack global coverageof meteorological of observing data stations in arid makingand semiarid surface regions. measurements. Generally, a However, county (or there a city) is has a general a public lack of meteorologicalmeteorological station data in in arid China and and semiarid the area regions. of a county Generally, or city aranges county approximately (or a city) has 400 a km public2 meteorologicalto 1000 km2 in station Haihe in Plain, China China. and theFigure area 1 ofshows a county the meteorological or city ranges stations approximately that we received 400 km2 to 1000daily km 2datain Haihe from Plain,the China China. Meteorological Figure1 shows Data the meteorologicalService Center. stations Compared that weto this, received RS has daily dataattractive from the advantage China Meteorological of an unprecedented Data Service spatial Center. and temporal Compared coverage to this, of remote critical sensing land sur (RS)face has attractiveand atmospheric advantage ofdata. an unprecedented Therefore RS spatialdata have and temporalbeen extensively coverage ofused critical in landgroundwater surface and atmosphericmodelling, data. especially Therefore in the RS region data have with been a weak extensively observation used infrastructure in groundwater [11 modelling,–14]. RS has especially often in thebeen region used with in ahydrological weak observation modelling infrastructure as driving [11 –data14]. RSor hasfor oftenparameterizat been usedion in hydrological[5,15–19]. modellingFurthermore, as driving actual data ET or foror parameterizationsoil moisture estimated [5,15–19]. from Furthermore, remote-sensing actual ET data or soil provide moisture estimatedopportunities from remote-sensing for assimilation data in hydrological provide opportunities models and for for assimilation filling spatio in-temporal hydrological gaps models for andmodel for filling calibration spatio-temporal and validation gaps for[13,20 model–22] calibration. and validation [13,20–22]. FigureFigure 1. Location 1. Location of studyof study area. area. The The boundary boundary conditions conditions of of the the hydrological hydrological model model for for the the area arearea defined are asdefined follows: as b1:follows: specified b1: gradientspecified along gradient Mt. Taihangalong Mt. ridge, Taihang b2: specified ridge, b2: gradient specified at the south-westerngradient at boundary,the south-western b3: specified boundary, hydraulic b3: specified head along hydraulic the Yellow head river, along b4: the specified Yellow hydraulic river, headb4: (0 specified m) along hydraulic the coast line,head b5: (0 m) no-flow along along the coast a streamline line, b5: towardno-flownorth. along a streamline toward north. In current study, the objective is to examine if remote-sensing data from the Fengyun-2C (FY-2C), a ChineseIn operationalcurrent study, geostationary the objective satellite, is to examine can improve if remote the estimation-sensing data of actual from ET the and Fengyun groundwater-2C level.(FY We-2C), compared a Chinese two operational distributed geostationary models based satellite, on RS inputscan improve and conventional the estimation data of for actual the HaiheET Plain,and China, groundwater where there level. is oneWe of compared the most depleted two distributed aquifers inmodels the world based for cropon RS growing inputs depends and on intensiveconventional irrigation data for [23 the,24 ].Haihe FY-2C Plain, products China, including where there the daily is one precipitation of the most depleted and global aquifers radiation for potential evapotranspiration estimation applied in the distributed hydrological model. Meanwhile, the conventional distributed hydrological model also built up. It is expected that model results different both from distributed conventional hydrological model and RS hydrological model since there are Water 2018, 10, 1295 3 of 19 important difference in deriving variables. In addition, the triangle method that is widely used to estimate the daily ET is introduce. In this study, we developed, calibrated and validated an integrated and distributed hydrological model for the Haihe Plain based on available conventional data and information. Based on this calibrated hydrological model, the geostationary satellite FY-2C products were used as driving force for the second step. We compared the simulations results of the two models spatially and temporally. Further, the simulation results were compared to estimates of daily actual ET under an improved triangle method that is widely used based on MODIS and FY-2C data [25–27]. 2. Materials and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Accessing Future Crop Yield and Crop Water Productivity Over the Heihe
    Liu et al. Geosci. Lett. (2021) 8:2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-020-00172-6 RESEARCH LETTER Open Access Accessing future crop yield and crop water productivity over the Heihe River basin in northwest China under a changing climate Qi Liu1,2, Jun Niu1,2* , Bellie Sivakumar3, Risheng Ding1,2 and Sien Li1,2 Abstract Quantitative evaluation of the response of crop yield and crop water productivity (CWP) to future climate change is important to prevent or mitigate the adverse efects of climate change. This study made such an evaluation for the agricultural land over the Heihe River basin in northwest China. The ability of 31 climate models for simulating the precipitation, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature was evaluated for the studied area, and a multi- model ensemble was employed. Using the previously well-established Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), crop yield and crop water productivity of four major crops (corn, wheat, barley, and spring canola-Polish) in the Heihe River basin were simulated for three future time periods (2025–2049, 2050–2074, and 2075–2099) under two Representa- tive Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results revealed that the impacts of future climate change on crop yield and CWP of wheat, barley, and canola would all be negative, whereas the impact on corn in the eastern part of the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin would be positive. On the whole, climate change under RCP8.5 scenario would be more harmful to crops, while the corn crops in the Minle and Shandan counties have better ability to cope with climate change.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Drought in the North China Plain Over the Past 58 Years
    atmosphere Article Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Drought in the North China Plain over the Past 58 Years Yanqiang Cui 1, Bo Zhang 1,*, Hao Huang 1 , Jianjun Zeng 2, Xiaodan Wang 1 and Wenhui Jiao 1 1 College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; [email protected] (Y.C.); [email protected] (H.H.); [email protected] (X.W.); [email protected] (W.J.) 2 College of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of regional drought is of great significance in decision-making processes such as water resources and agricultural systems management. The North China Plain is an important grain production base in China and the most drought-prone region in the country. In this study, the monthly standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) was used to monitor the spatiotemporal variation of agricultural drought in the North China Plain from 1960 to 2017. Seven spatial patterns of drought variability were identified in the North China Plain, such as Huang-Huai Plain, Lower Yangtze River Plain, Haihe Plain, Shandong Hills, Qinling Mountains Margin area, Huangshan Mountain surroundings, and Yanshan Mountain margin area. The spatial models showed different trends in different time stages, indicating that the drought conditions in the North China Plain were complex and changeable in the past 58 years. As an important agricultural area, the North China Plain needs more attention since this region shows a remarkable trend of drought and, as such, will definitely increase the water demand for Citation: Cui, Y.; Zhang, B.; Huang, H.; Zeng, J.; Wang, X.; Jiao, W.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Report on CCOP GSJ/AIST CGS G D T CGS G D T CCOP-GSJ
    GW‐2 Project Report on CCOP- GSJ/AIST- CGS Groun dwa ter Phase II Meeting 2-3 September 2010, Xi’an, China COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) in cooperation with GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN (GSJ), AIST Published by CCOP Technical Secretariat Bangkok, Thailand September 2011 Youhei Uchida (Chief Editor) PREFACE Since the establishment of the CCOP in 1966, geological and geophysical surveys have been carried out by the CCOP under the cooperative schemes in the East and Southeast Asia for offshore natural resources. These data have been distributed to member countries as printed maps and publications. As for the first groundwater project, “Groundwater database in East and Southeast Asia” had been compiled under the DCGM Phase IV project of CCOP from 2001 to 2004. Groundwater is one of the limited natural resources of the world. Because of the lack a feeling of importance of groundwater, especially, in the late 20th century, groundwater has been significantly damaged by human activities, resulting in groundwater issues, such as land subsidence, seawater intrusion, and groundwater pollution by toxic substances, that have become remarkable problems in everywhere in the world. The countries in the East and Southeast Asia have been also faced the many groundwater problems which are needed international cooperation to be solved. The kick-off meeting of the Phase II for the CCOP-GSJ/AIST Groundwater project was held in Bangkok in October 2009. The agreement of the meeting was to release some kinds of hydro-geological map including the latest scientific information for the end-users at the completion of the Phase II project.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Temporal-Geographic Information Systems (TGIS) for Assessing, Monitoring and Modelling Regional Water and Soil Processes
    Spatial information systems 16 An Introduction to Temporal-Geographic Information Systems (TGIS) for Assessing, Monitoring and Modelling Regional Water and Soil Processes Tim R. McVicar* Phil J. Davies†, Yang Qinke‡ and Guanglu Zhang§ Abstract In this chapter we introduce the concept of temporal-geographic information systems (TGIS). We first describe some nontemporal concepts of GIS, consider the issues of scale and of continuous and discrete data, and give a brief background to the basis of remote sensing measurements. Using the concept of the ‘data construct’ as a tool for understanding TGIS data structures, we explain the relationship between characteristics (extent, resolution and density) and domains (attribute, spatial and temporal) of each dataset. Finally, we discuss two emerging issues in TGIS: the assessment of spatial–temporal accuracy and uncertainty, and the use of metadata systems. * CSIRO Land and Water, PO Box 1666, Canberra 2601, Australia. Email: [email protected] † CSIRO Land and Water, PMB 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. ‡ Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, No. 26 Xinong Road, Yang Ling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PRC. § Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang Institute of Agricultural Modernisation, PO Box 185, Shijiazhuang 050021, PRC. McVicar, T.R., Davies, P.J., Yang Qinke and Guanglu Zhang. 2002. An introduction to temporal-geographic information systems (TGIS) for assess- ing, monitoring and modelling regional water and soil processes. In: McVicar, T.R., Li Rui, Walker, J., Fitzpatrick, R.W. and Liu Changming (eds), Regional Water and Soil Assessment for Managing Sustainable Agriculture in China and Australia, ACIAR Monograph No.
    [Show full text]
  • Soil Salinization in Lower Haihe Plain, China Salinisation Des Sols Dans La Plaine Alluvio-Marine De Haihe, Chine
    Scientific registration no: 2140 Symposium no: 29 Presentation: poster Soil Salinization in Lower Haihe Plain, China Salinisation des sols dans la plaine alluvio-marine de Haihe, Chine MAO Renzhao (1), MATSUMOTO Satoshi (2), FITZPATRICK Rob W. (3) (1) The CAS Shijiazhuang Institute of Agricultural Modernization, 050021, China (2) The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan (3) CSIRO Land and Water, P.B.No. 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia Lower Haihe plain, being about 5,000,000 hm2, includes sea deposit plain and lower part of alluvial plain, which locates in Hebei province and Tianjin district. It is one of main saline soil and severely potential salinization threat region in North China. The saline soil, 850,000 hm2 at present, will still become one of limited factors for sustainable agriculture. Under being controlled by semi-dry monsoonal climate, annual vaporisation (from water surface) content is 3-4 times of precipitation, but even it reaches 6-10 times in spring (from March to May). Salt leaching process occurs in only rain season of 2 months long, and salt of upper soil temporarily comes down and stops in middle and bottom of -1 profiles. There are two kinds of saline soil based on Cl/0.5•SO4 (cmol·kg ) rate. Chloride soil develops in the region about 40-50 km wide paralleled with the Sea Bo coast. Sulphate soil occurs in inner land adjacent to former one. In its major part the mineralised salt content is common between 3-5 kg/m3, some up to 10 kg/m3, a few over 30 kg/m3 in coastal area.
    [Show full text]
  • An Observation on the Historical Geography of the Prehistoric Production in China
    Lecture Notes on History (2020) 3: 1-11 DOI: 10.23977/history.2020.030101 Clausius Scientific Press, Canada ISSN 2616-227X An Observation on the historical geography of the prehistoric production in China Jiaqi Xiao Northwest Institute of historical environment and economic and social development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119 [email protected] Keywords: Prehistory, man-land relationship, Location factor, Nature of production area, Law of hierarchical evolution Abstract: The transformation process of "gathering-hunting, fire-farming, hoeing and ploughing farming " from lower level to higher level profoundly reflects the three stages of the prehistoric man-land relationship: dependent man-land relationship, utilization man-land relationship and transformation man-land relationship; Starting from two aspects of natural factors and human activity factors, this paper uses the analysis method of production location factors to divide production area and explore the nature of production area, so as to clarify the production location level and its spatial evolution law of “generative area, transition zone secondary area, marginal zone secondary area”. 1. Introduction In the narrow sense, production only refers to human's agricultural production activities, while in the broad sense, it refers to the combination of activities formed by human's acquisition of survival materials, including gathering, fishing and hunting, agricultural planting and livestock raising. This paper takes the broad concept as the criterion. From the perspective of historical geography, the first thing to be clear is the evolution of prehistoric production in China. The evolution of the prehistoric industry in China is a comprehensive expression of chronology and regionalism, which profoundly reflects the spatiotemporal characteristics of the prehistoric industry and the phased expression of the human-earth relationship.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review on Environmental Monitoring of Water Organic Pollutants
    Journal of Hazardous Materials 344 (2018) 146–162 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Hazardous Materials jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jhazmat Review A review on environmental monitoring of water organic pollutants identified by EU guidelines ∗ João C.G. Sousa, Ana R. Ribeiro , Marta O. Barbosa, M. Fernando R. Pereira, Adrián M.T. Silva Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal h i g h l i g h t s g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t • Occurrence of priority substances and contaminants of emerging con- cern is reviewed. • Analytical methodologies, monitor- ing and sampling techniques are discussed. • Four seasons, wet/dry, temporal or spatial monitoring of surface water are reviewed. • Surface water chemical status needed for risk assessment, prevention and mitigation. • The monitoring data reviewed may be useful for future regulations. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The contamination of fresh water is a global concern. The huge impact of natural and anthropogenic Received 14 June 2017 organic substances that are constantly released into the environment, demands a better knowledge of Received in revised form the chemical status of Earth’s surface water. Water quality monitoring studies have been performed 15 September 2017 targeting different substances and/or classes of substances, in different regions of the world, using Accepted 30 September 2017 different types of sampling strategies and campaigns.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Contamination and Remediation in the Agricultural Soils of China: a Critical Review
    Science of the Total Environment 615 (2018) 724–740 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scitotenv Review Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China: A critical review Jianteng Sun a,b,LiliPana,DanielC.W.Tsangb,YuZhana, Lizhong Zhu a,⁎, Xiangdong Li b,⁎ a Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China b Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • PAHs, OCPs, PAEs and PCBs were the pri- mary pollutants in agricultural soil of China. • Co-existence of organic contaminants was severe in prosperous regions. • Integrated biological-chemical remedia- tion technologies have potential pros- pects. • Research priorities and insights for soil combined organic pollution were proposed. article info abstract Article history: Soil pollution is a global problem in both developed and developing countries. Countries with rapidly developing Received 1 August 2017 economies such as China are faced with significant soil pollution problems due to accelerated industrialization Received in revised form 24 September 2017 and urbanization over the last decades. This paper provides an overview of published scientific data on soil pol- Accepted 25 September 2017 lution across China with particular focus on organic contamination in agricultural soils. Based on the related peer- Available online 17 October 2017 reviewed papers published since 2000 (n = 203), we evaluated the priority organic contaminants across China, fi Editor: Jay Gan revealed their spatial and temporal distributions at the national scale, identi ed their possible sources and fates in soil, assessed their potential environmental risks, and presented the challenges in current remediation tech- Keywords: nologies regarding the combined organic pollution of agricultural soils.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    i | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ g !!|t,; t s0 F ;|$0: | t j.i < 2REPORT, E003 | j.j0,?V U o;0 Public Disclosure Authorized X t0/j X 0 f;0.1; t:ff W X tnr :E 4'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~F Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized _I=IW=_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4i; 1,~!1N . .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Public Disclosure Authorized ENvIRoNMENTAL ACTION PLAN OF CHNA 1991-2000 produced by National Environmental Protection Agency And State Planning Commission People's Republic of China EnvironnenmalActmn Pbn of China TABLEOF CONIFNTS Abbreviationu . iv Executive Summary .,.. v I China's EnvirommentalObjectives for the 1990s . ....................... 2 1.1 Overall Objectives. 2 1.2 Main Targets.. 2 1.2.1 EnvironmentalPollution Control. 2 1.2.2 EcologicalProtection of Nature. 3 2 Policies andManagement. 4 2.1 Direction of EnvirommentalPolicies. 4 2.1.1 Strategiesthat Integate EnvironmentalProtection into the Developmentof the Economyand Society. 4 2.1.2 Formulateand ImplementEnvironment-Fnendly Sectoral Policies and Reduce E tvironmentalPollution and Destruction Througb Setoral Restructuring. 7 2.1.3 PromoteScience and Technologyand ActivelyDevelop EnvironmentulProtection Industry. 7 2.1.4 StrengthenEnvironmental Management, Improve Institutional and Policy Coordinationof EnvironmentalProtection. 9 2.2 Economic Policies . .10 2.2.1 Price Policies .10 2.2.2 Tax Policies .11 2.2.3 Credit and Other Policies .12 2.2.4 Natural ResourceAccounting .13 2.3 EnvironmentalProtection Organizations .13 2.3.1 ImproveEnvironmental Protection Organizations .14 2.3.2 Improvethe OperationSystem of EnvironmentalManagement .14 2.3.3 ImproveProfessional Quality .15 2.3.4 Improvethe Technical SupportingAbility of Envirommental ProtectionOrganizations .15 2.3.5 StrengthenEnvironmental Protection Commissions at All Levels and ImproveTheir CoordinationCapability. 15 2.4 EnvironmientalScience and Technology.16 2.4.1 Current Status and Problems.16 2.4.2 Targets .......................................
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Water Consumption in the Haihe Plain on the Climate of the Taihang Mountains, North China
    Hindawi Advances in Meteorology Volume 2018, Article ID 6280737, 15 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6280737 Research Article Impacts of Water Consumption in the Haihe Plain on the Climate of the Taihang Mountains, North China Jing Zou ,1 Chesheng Zhan ,2 Ruxin Zhao,3 Peihua Qin ,4 Tong Hu,1 and Feiyu Wang5 1Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266001, China 2Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 4Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 5School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China Correspondence should be addressed to Chesheng Zhan; [email protected] Received 2 August 2018; Revised 9 October 2018; Accepted 29 October 2018; Published 13 November 2018 Academic Editor: #eodore Karacostas Copyright © 2018 Jing Zou et al. #is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In this study, the RegCM4 regional climate model was employed to investigate the impacts of water consumption in the Haihe Plain on the local climate in the nearby Taihang Mountains. Four simulation tests of twelve years’ duration were conducted with various schemes of water consumption by residents, industries, and agriculture. #e results indicate that water exploitation and consumption in the Haihe Plain causes wetting and cooling of the local land surface and rapid increases in the depth of the groundwater table.
    [Show full text]
  • Higher Temporal Evapotranspiration Estimation with Improved SEBS
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Higher temporal evapotranspiration estimation with improved SEBS model from geostationary meteorological satellite data Jing Zhao1,2, Xuelong Chen2,3, Jing Zhang1*, Honggang Zhao4* & Yongyu Song1 Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key variable in hydrologic cycle that directly afects the redistribution of precipitation and surface balance. ET measurements with high temporal resolution are required for coupling with models of highly dynamic processes, e.g., hydrological and land surface processes. The Haihe River Basin is the focus of China’s industrial base and it is one of the three major grain- producing regions within the country. However, this area is facing serious water resource shortages and water pollution problems. The present study used geostationary satellite remote sensing data, in situ meteorological observations, and the surface energy balance system (SEBS) model with a new kB−1 parameterization to estimate 3-hourly and daily energy and water fuxes in the Haihe River Basin. The results of the SEBS model were validated with point-scale data from fve observation fux towers. Validation showed that 3-hourly and daily ET derived from the SEBS model performed well (R2 = 0.67, mean bias = 0.027 mm/h, RMSE = 0.1 mm/h). Moreover, factors infuencing ET were also identifed based on the results of this study. ET varies with land cover type and physical and chemical properties of the underlying surface. Furthermore, ET is also controlled by water availability, radiation, and other atmospheric conditions. It was found that ET had strong correlation with the normalized diference vegetation index (NDVI). Specifcally, daily ET fuctuated with the NDVI when the NDVI was <0.29, and ET increased rapidly as the NDVI increased from 0.29 to 0.81.
    [Show full text]
  • Research on Green Construction Technique of Traditional Settlement in North China Plain Region
    2018 7th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Computer Science (ICAMCS 2018) Research on Green Construction Technique of Traditional Settlement in North China Plain Region Yang Xue Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China Keywords: geomorphic feature; traditional settlement; green construction technique; regional Abstract: The geomorphic features of northern China are complicated with diversified patterns of settlement. Influenced by different geomorphic features, northern settlements take different response techniques. This paper analyzes the landforms of North China Plain, the most representative region in northern China, based on coping strategies of local settlements to adapt to landforms, studies the specific green construction technique of settlements for landforms in this region, and concludes the green construction from winter protection and thermal insulation, ventilation and lighting, sun-shading and heat insulation, drainage and moisture protection, and hazard prevention, to provide reference for constructing new-style village settlements with regional characteristics. 1. Introduction Chinese dwellings, with long history, have constantly evolved for thousands of years. In long-term practice, combined with factors of geomorphic feature and climate and so on, corresponding construction methods and techniques are formed. There are different construction methods for different landforms, and also different settlement patterns. Settlement, is not only the dwelling for human being, also the crystallization of wisdom and civilization of human being. The geomorphic features of northern China are complicated with diversified patterns of settlement, forming the pluralistic dwellings in northern region with the integration of local culture. The northern region in this paper refers to the area in the west of Hengduan Mountains and north of Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River line, including northwest region, Qinghai-Tibet region and northern region of four geographical zones in China.
    [Show full text]