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Learning Aid-Common Commas
The Writing Centre The Justice Institute of British Columbia Common Commas Overview Series Commas Purpose: Separate items in a list Example: Sid is going to the store to buy apples, oranges, and pears. Commas with a Purpose: Separate two complete sentences joined with a Coordinating Conjunctions Coordinating Example: Conjunction I visit my cousins often but not my uncles. I visit my cousins often, but I do not visit my uncles. Parenthetical Purpose: Offset extra information in the middle of a sentence Commas Example: My sister, who lives in Abbotsford, has two children. Introductory Purpose: Offset words that introduce a complete sentence. Comma Example: Unfortunately, Phil was delayed at the border. When Jamar returned, the video was almost over. Reverse- Purpose: Offset material that follows a complete sentence. Introductory Example: The traffic is heaviest in Vancouver in the second week of September. Comma Coordinate Purpose: Separate adjectives that describe a single noun. Adjective Example: The bored, impatient children waited for recess. Comma Subject/Verb Rule: Do not put a comma between a subject and a verb in a sentence. Make sure Comma an Introductory Comma is followed by a complete sentence. If it isn’t, don’t use a comma. Incorrect: Another advantage of the job, is that the hours are flexible. Correct: Another advantage of the job is that the hours are flexible. Common Commas - Introduction Commas usually follow a flexible structure. There are 4 common places for commas to be: 1. Lists and coordinating conjunctions 2. introduce sentences 3. attach additional information at the end of complete sentences, or 4. -
Writing Mathematical Expressions in Plain Text – Examples and Cautions Copyright © 2009 Sally J
Writing Mathematical Expressions in Plain Text – Examples and Cautions Copyright © 2009 Sally J. Keely. All Rights Reserved. Mathematical expressions can be typed online in a number of ways including plain text, ASCII codes, HTML tags, or using an equation editor (see Writing Mathematical Notation Online for overview). If the application in which you are working does not have an equation editor built in, then a common option is to write expressions horizontally in plain text. In doing so you have to format the expressions very carefully using appropriately placed parentheses and accurate notation. This document provides examples and important cautions for writing mathematical expressions in plain text. Section 1. How to Write Exponents Just as on a graphing calculator, when writing in plain text the caret key ^ (above the 6 on a qwerty keyboard) means that an exponent follows. For example x2 would be written as x^2. Example 1a. 4xy23 would be written as 4 x^2 y^3 or with the multiplication mark as 4*x^2*y^3. Example 1b. With more than one item in the exponent you must enclose the entire exponent in parentheses to indicate exactly what is in the power. x2n must be written as x^(2n) and NOT as x^2n. Writing x^2n means xn2 . Example 1c. When using the quotient rule of exponents you often have to perform subtraction within an exponent. In such cases you must enclose the entire exponent in parentheses to indicate exactly what is in the power. x5 The middle step of ==xx52− 3 must be written as x^(5-2) and NOT as x^5-2 which means x5 − 2 . -
Dictation Presentation.Pptx
Dictaon using Apple Devices Presentaon October 10, 2013 Trudy Downs Operang Systems • iOS6 • iOS7 • Mountain Lion (OS X10.8) Devices • iPad 3 or iPad mini • iPod 4 • iPhone 4s, 5 or 5c or 5s • Desktop running Mountain Lion • Laptop running Mountain Lion Dictaon Shortcut Words • Shortcut WordsDictaon includes many voice “shortcuts” that allows you to manipulate the text and insert symbols while you are speaking. Here’s a list of those shortcuts that you can use: - “new line” is like pressing Return on your keyboard - “new paragraph” creates a new paragraph - “cap” capitalizes the next spoken word - “caps on/off” capitalizes the spoken sec&on of text - “all caps” makes the next spoken word all caps - “all caps on/off” makes the spoken sec&on of text all caps - “no caps” makes the next spoken word lower case - “no caps on/off” makes the spoken sec&on of text lower case - “space bar” prevents a hyphen from appearing in a normally hyphenated word - “no space” prevents a space between words - “no space on/off” to prevent a sec&on of text from having spaces between words More Dictaon Shortcuts • - “period” or “full stop” places a period at the end of a sentence - “dot” places a period anywhere, including between words - “point” places a point between numbers, not between words - “ellipsis” or “dot dot dot” places an ellipsis in your wri&ng - “comma” places a comma - “double comma” places a double comma (,,) - “quote” or “quotaon mark” places a quote mark (“) - “quote ... end quote” places quotaon marks around the text spoken between - “apostrophe” -
14 * (Asterisk), 169 \ (Backslash) in Smb.Conf File, 85
,sambaIX.fm.28352 Page 385 Friday, November 19, 1999 3:40 PM Index <> (angled brackets), 14 archive files, 137 * (asterisk), 169 authentication, 19, 164–171 \ (backslash) in smb.conf file, 85 mechanisms for, 35 \\ (backslashes, two) in directories, 5 NT domain, 170 : (colon), 6 share-level option for, 192 \ (continuation character), 85 auto services option, 124 . (dot), 128, 134 automounter, support for, 35 # (hash mark), 85 awk script, 176 % (percent sign), 86 . (period), 128 B ? (question mark), 135 backup browsers ; (semicolon), 85 local master browser, 22 / (slash character), 129, 134–135 per local master browser, 23 / (slash) in shares, 116 maximum number per workgroup, 22 _ (underscore) 116 backup domain controllers (BDCs), 20 * wildcard, 177 backups, with smbtar program, 245–248 backwards compatibility elections and, 23 for filenames, 143 A Windows domains and, 20 access-control options (shares), 160–162 base directory, 40 accessing Samba server, 61 .BAT scripts, 192 accounts, 51–53 BDCs (backup domain controllers), 20 active connections, option for, 244 binary vs. source files, 32 addresses, networking option for, 106 bind interfaces only option, 106 addtosmbpass executable, 176 bindings, 71 admin users option, 161 Bindings tab, 60 AFS files, support for, 35 blocking locks option, 152 aliases b-node, 13 multiple, 29 boolean type, 90 for NetBIOS names, 107 bottlenecks, 320–328 alid users option, 161 reducing, 321–326 announce as option, 123 types of, 320 announce version option, 123 broadcast addresses, troubleshooting, 289 API -
Legacy Character Sets & Encodings
Legacy & Not-So-Legacy Character Sets & Encodings Ken Lunde CJKV Type Development Adobe Systems Incorporated bc ftp://ftp.oreilly.com/pub/examples/nutshell/cjkv/unicode/iuc15-tb1-slides.pdf Tutorial Overview dc • What is a character set? What is an encoding? • How are character sets and encodings different? • Legacy character sets. • Non-legacy character sets. • Legacy encodings. • How does Unicode fit it? • Code conversion issues. • Disclaimer: The focus of this tutorial is primarily on Asian (CJKV) issues, which tend to be complex from a character set and encoding standpoint. 15th International Unicode Conference Copyright © 1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated Terminology & Abbreviations dc • GB (China) — Stands for “Guo Biao” (国标 guóbiâo ). — Short for “Guojia Biaozhun” (国家标准 guójiâ biâozhün). — Means “National Standard.” • GB/T (China) — “T” stands for “Tui” (推 tuî ). — Short for “Tuijian” (推荐 tuîjiàn ). — “T” means “Recommended.” • CNS (Taiwan) — 中國國家標準 ( zhôngguó guójiâ biâozhün) in Chinese. — Abbreviation for “Chinese National Standard.” 15th International Unicode Conference Copyright © 1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated Terminology & Abbreviations (Cont’d) dc • GCCS (Hong Kong) — Abbreviation for “Government Chinese Character Set.” • JIS (Japan) — 日本工業規格 ( nihon kôgyô kikaku) in Japanese. — Abbreviation for “Japanese Industrial Standard.” — 〄 • KS (Korea) — 한국 공업 규격 (韓國工業規格 hangug gongeob gyugyeog) in Korean. — Abbreviation for “Korean Standard.” — ㉿ — Designation change from “C” to “X” on August 20, 1997. 15th International Unicode Conference Copyright © 1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated Terminology & Abbreviations (Cont’d) dc • TCVN (Vietnam) — Tiu Chun Vit Nam in Vietnamese. — Means “Vietnamese Standard.” • CJKV — Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese. 15th International Unicode Conference Copyright © 1999 Adobe Systems Incorporated What Is A Character Set? dc • A collection of characters that are intended to be used together to create meaningful text. -
The Luacode Package
The luacode package Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard <[email protected]> v1.2a 2012/01/23 Abstract Executing Lua code from within TEX with \directlua can sometimes be tricky: there is no easy way to use the percent character, counting backslashes may be hard, and Lua comments don’t work the way you expect. This package provides the \luaexec command and the luacode(*) environments to help with these problems, as well as helper macros and a debugging mode. Contents 1 Documentation1 1.1 Lua code in LATEX...................................1 1.2 Helper macros......................................3 1.3 Debugging........................................3 2 Implementation3 2.1 Preliminaries......................................4 2.2 Internal code......................................5 2.3 Public macros and environments...........................7 3 Test file 8 1 Documentation 1.1 Lua code in LATEX For an introduction to the most important gotchas of \directlua, see lualatex-doc.pdf. Before presenting the tools in this package, let me insist that the best way to manage a non- trivial piece of Lua code is probably to use an external file and source it from Lua, as explained in the cited document. \luadirect First, the exact syntax of \directlua has changed along version of LuaTEX, so this package provides a \luadirect command which is an exact synonym of \directlua except that it doesn’t have the funny, changing parts of its syntax, and benefits from the debugging facilities described below (1.3).1 The problems with \directlua (or \luadirect) are mainly with TEX special characters. Actually, things are not that bad, since most special characters do work, namely: _, ^, &, $, {, }. Three are a bit tricky but they can be managed with \string: \, # and ~. -
Lesson 3 8,UNBELIEVABLE60 HE SAYS4
L 3 Qotatio M, A, Pnt, S B, O, L L (U), Ssh Now learn the following additional punctuation signs: apostrophe ’ [or] ' ' (dot 3) opening one-cell (non-specific) quotation mark 8 (dots 236) closing one-cell (non-specific) quotation mark 0 (dots 356) opening single quotation mark ‘ [or] ' ,8 (dots 6, 236) closing single quotation mark ’ [or] ' ,0 (dots 6, 356) opening parenthesis ( "< (dots 5, 126) closing parenthesis ) "> (dots 5, 345) opening square bracket [ .< (dots 46, 126) (dots 46, 345) closing square bracket ] .> 3.1 S D Qotatio M [UEB §7.6] In braille, there are several different symbols to represent the various types of print quotation marks (additional information about quotation marks will be studied in Lesson 16). In most cases, the opening and clo one- (-ecific) tatio marks should be used to represent the primary or outer quotation marks in the text, and the two- cell opening and closing single quotation marks should represent the inner quotation marks. Examples: "Unbelievable!" he says. 8,BEIEABE60 HE A4 "I only wrote 'come home soon'," he claims. 3 - 1 8,I E ,8CE HE ,010 HE CAI4 3.2 Arop Follow print for the use of apostrophes. Example: "Tell 'em Sam's favorite music is new—1990's too old." 8,E 'E ,A' FAIE IC I E,-#AIIJ' D40 3.2 A api lette. A capital indicator is always placed immediately before the letter to which it applies. Therefore, if an apostrophe comes before a capital letter in print, the apostrophe is brailled before the capital indicator. Example: "'Twas a brilliant plan," says Dan O'Reilly. -
Quotation Marks and Apostrophes In
Quotation marks and apostrophes in UEB The problem The International Council on English Braille (ICEB) is reviewing the braille signs used to represent the apostrophe and quotation marks in Unified English Braille (UEB). In print, the apostrophe is represented using the same or similar symbol as single quotation marks. In braille, these identical print symbols are represented with different braille symbols according to their meaning. Intervention may be required from braille transcribers to obtain correct braille, and automated braille generated for use on a refreshable braille display can contain errors. This document gives four options for alternative representations of the apostrophe and quotation marks in UEB. Please read the document carefully and share your opinion with us via the online survey at www.surveymonkey.com/r/UEB-apostrophe. The UEB Code Maintenance Committee will consider your responses in deciding whether to change the signs used for apostrophe and quotes. Briefly, the braille output may depend on how the print has been generated: with 'straight' or ‘directional’ apostrophes and single quotes. Different countries and publishers may use “double” or ‘single’ quotes as their predominant quotes with the other kind used as inner quotes (quotes within a quote). Apostrophes may therefore be the same print sign as the predominant or inner quotes. Sounds complicated? Suffice it to say, all these variations are routinely found in print and it can currently lead to braille errors. This document concentrates on how the braille might appear. If you would like more technical information about the problem, including a longer list of examples and how they are encoded in print, please contact [email protected]. -
List of Approved Special Characters
List of Approved Special Characters The following list represents the Graduate Division's approved character list for display of dissertation titles in the Hooding Booklet. Please note these characters will not display when your dissertation is published on ProQuest's site. To insert a special character, simply hold the ALT key on your keyboard and enter in the corresponding code. This is only for entering in a special character for your title or your name. The abstract section has different requirements. See abstract for more details. Special Character Alt+ Description 0032 Space ! 0033 Exclamation mark '" 0034 Double quotes (or speech marks) # 0035 Number $ 0036 Dollar % 0037 Procenttecken & 0038 Ampersand '' 0039 Single quote ( 0040 Open parenthesis (or open bracket) ) 0041 Close parenthesis (or close bracket) * 0042 Asterisk + 0043 Plus , 0044 Comma ‐ 0045 Hyphen . 0046 Period, dot or full stop / 0047 Slash or divide 0 0048 Zero 1 0049 One 2 0050 Two 3 0051 Three 4 0052 Four 5 0053 Five 6 0054 Six 7 0055 Seven 8 0056 Eight 9 0057 Nine : 0058 Colon ; 0059 Semicolon < 0060 Less than (or open angled bracket) = 0061 Equals > 0062 Greater than (or close angled bracket) ? 0063 Question mark @ 0064 At symbol A 0065 Uppercase A B 0066 Uppercase B C 0067 Uppercase C D 0068 Uppercase D E 0069 Uppercase E List of Approved Special Characters F 0070 Uppercase F G 0071 Uppercase G H 0072 Uppercase H I 0073 Uppercase I J 0074 Uppercase J K 0075 Uppercase K L 0076 Uppercase L M 0077 Uppercase M N 0078 Uppercase N O 0079 Uppercase O P 0080 Uppercase -
Symbol Meaning Example Delete Close up Delete and Close
Symbol Meaning Example delete close up delete and close up caret insert a space space evenly let stand transpose used to separate two or more marks and often as a concluding stroke at the end of an insertion set farther to the left set farther to the right set as ligature (such as ) align horizontally align vertically broken character indent or insert em quad space begin a new paragraph spell out set in CAPITALS set in SMALL CAPITALS set in lowercase set in italic set in roman set in boldface hyphen multi-colored en dash 1965–72 em (or long) dash Now—at last!—we know. superscript or superior subscript or inferior centered comma apostrophe period semicolon colon quotation marks parentheses brackets query to author: has this been set as intended? push down a work-up turn over an inverted letter wrong font insert a comma apostrophe or single quotation mark insert something use double quotation marks use a period here delete transpose elements close up this space a space needed here begin new paragraph no paragraph Common Proofreading Abbreviations (The abbreviation would appear in the margin, probably with a line or arrow pointing to the offending element.) Abbreviation Meaning Example Ab a faulty abbreviation She had earned a Phd along with her M.D. agreement problem: Agr subject/verb or The piano as well as the guitar need tuning. See also P/A and S/V The student lost their book. pronoun/antecedent awkward expression The storm had the effect of causing Awk or construction millions of dollars in damage. -
Using Lex In
Using Lex or Flex Prof. James L. Frankel Harvard University Version of 1:07 PM 26-Sep-2016 Copyright © 2016, 2015 James L. Frankel. All rights reserved. Lex Regular Expressions (1 of 4) • Special characters are: – + (plus sign) – \ (back slash) – ? (question mark) – " (double quote) – { (open brace) – . (period) – } (close brace) – ^ (caret or up arrow) – | (vertical bar) – $ (dollar sign) – / (slash) – [ (open bracket) – - (dash or hyphen) – ] (close bracket) – ( (open parenthesis) – * (asterisk) – ) (close parenthesis) Lex Regular Expressions (2 of 4) • c matches the single non-operator char c • \c matches the character c • "s" matches the string s • . matches any character except newline • ^ matches beginning of line • $ matches end of line • [s] matches any one character in s • [^s] matches any one character not in s Lex Regular Expressions (3 of 4) • r* matches zero or more strings matching r • r+ matches one or more strings matching r • r? matches zero or one strings matching r • r{m, n} matches between m and n occurrences of r • r1r2 matches r1 followed by r2 • r1|r2 matches either r1 or r2 • (r) matches r • r1/r2 matches r1 when followed by r2 • {name} matches the regex defined by name Lex Regular Expressions (4 of 4) • Within square brackets, referred to as a character class, all operators are ignored except for backslash, hyphen (dash), and caret • Within a character class, backslash will introduce an escape code • Within a character class, ranges of characters are allowed by using hyphen – a-zA-Z • Within a character class, -
Unified English Braille (UEB) General Symbols and Indicators
Unified English Braille (UEB) General Symbols and Indicators UEB Rulebook Section 3 Published by International Council on English Braille (ICEB) space (see 3.23) ⠣ opening braille grouping indicator (see 3.4) ⠹ first transcriber‐defined print symbol (see 3.26) ⠫ shape indicator (see 3.22) ⠳ arrow indicator (see 3.2) ⠳⠕ → simple right pointing arrow (east) (see 3.2) ⠳⠩ ↓ simple down pointing arrow (south) (see 3.2) ⠳⠪ ← simple left pointing arrow (west) (see 3.2) ⠳⠬ ↑ simple up pointing arrow (north) (see 3.2) ⠒ ∶ ratio (see 3.17) ⠒⠒ ∷ proportion (see 3.17) ⠢ subscript indicator (see 3.24) ⠶ ′ prime (see 3.11 and 3.15) ⠶⠶ ″ double prime (see 3.11 and 3.15) ⠔ superscript indicator (see 3.24) ⠼⠡ ♮ natural (see 3.18) ⠼⠣ ♭ flat (see 3.18) ⠼⠩ ♯ sharp (see 3.18) ⠼⠹ second transcriber‐defined print symbol (see 3.26) ⠜ closing braille grouping indicator (see 3.4) ⠈⠁ @ commercial at sign (see 3.7) ⠈⠉ ¢ cent sign (see 3.10) ⠈⠑ € euro sign (see 3.10) ⠈⠋ ₣ French franc sign (see 3.10) ⠈⠇ £ pound sign (pound sterling) (see 3.10) ⠈⠝ ₦ naira sign (see 3.10) ⠈⠎ $ dollar sign (see 3.10) ⠈⠽ ¥ yen sign (Yuan sign) (see 3.10) ⠈⠯ & ampersand (see 3.1) ⠈⠣ < less‐than sign (see 3.17) ⠈⠢ ^ caret (3.6) ⠈⠔ ~ tilde (swung dash) (see 3.25) ⠈⠼⠹ third transcriber‐defined print symbol (see 3.26) ⠈⠜ > greater‐than sign (see 3.17) ⠈⠨⠣ opening transcriber’s note indicator (see 3.27) ⠈⠨⠜ closing transcriber’s note indicator (see 3.27) ⠈⠠⠹ † dagger (see 3.3) ⠈⠠⠻ ‡ double dagger (see 3.3) ⠘⠉ © copyright sign (see 3.8) ⠘⠚ ° degree sign (see 3.11) ⠘⠏ ¶ paragraph sign (see 3.20)