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Development of Techniques for the Analysis of Acetic Acid Bacteria Populations and Their Interaction in Different Food Environments

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Development of Techniques for the Analysis of Acetic Acid Bacteria Populations and Their Interaction in Different Food Environments DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 ADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs. ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis doctoral y su utilización debe respetar los derechos de la persona autora. Puede ser utilizada para consulta o estudio personal, así como en actividades o materiales de investigación y docencia en los términos establecidos en el art. 32 del Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual (RDL 1/1996). Para otros usos se requiere la autorización previa y expresa de la persona autora. En cualquier caso, en la utilización de sus contenidos se deberá indicar de forma clara el nombre y apellidos de la persona autora y el título de la tesis doctoral. No se autoriza su reproducción u otras formas de explotación efectuadas con fines lucrativos ni su comunicación pública desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. Tampoco se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al contenido de la tesis como a sus resúmenes e índices. WARNING. Access to the contents of this doctoral thesis and its use must respect the rights of the author. It can be used for reference or private study, as well as research and learning activities or materials in the terms established by the 32nd article of the Spanish Consolidated Copyright Act (RDL 1/1996). Express and previous authorization of the author is required for any other uses. In any case, when using its content, full name of the author and title of the thesis must be clearly indicated. Reproduction or other forms of for profit use or public communication from outside TDX service is not allowed. Presentation of its content in a window or frame external to TDX (framing) is not authorized either. These rights affect both the content of the thesis and its abstracts and indexes. UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Development of techniques for the analysis of acetic acid bacteria populations and their interaction in different food environments DOCTORAL THESIS Doctoral Thesis presented by María José Valera Martínez to receive the Ph.D. degree with International Mention by the Rovira i Virgili University Tarragona 2014 UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 Rovira i Virgili University Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Faculty of Oenology C/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Dr. Albert Mas Baron, professor of the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology at the Rovira and Virgili University and Dr. Estibaliz Mateo Alesanco, contract professor of the Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology at the Basque Country University, CERTIFY That the Doctoral Thesis entitled “Development of techniques for the analysis of acetic acid bacteria populations and their interaction in different food environments”, presented by María José Valera Martínez to receive the degree of Doctor with International Mention by the Rovira i Virgili University, has been carried out under our supervision in the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of this University. All the results presented in this thesis were obtained in experiments conducted by the above mentioned student. Tarragona, 5th September 2014 Dr. Albert Mas Baron Dr. Estibaliz Mateo Alesanco UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 AGRADECIMIENTOS Es difícil recordar en pocas páginas a todos los que quieres recordar y es difícil expresar todo lo que sientes después de cinco años compartiendo con vosotros tantos momentos, unos mejores que otros. Me he preocupado de hacer una tesis suficientemente larga como para que los agradecimientos vayan a juego… Cuando llegué a Tarragona no pensaba quedarme para tanto tiempo, pero a día de hoy puedo decir bien alto que ha merecido la pena sólo por las personas a las que he encontrado en mi camino y a las que debo mucho más de lo que pensáis. Estar lejos de la familia y de tus amigos de siempre no es fácil, pero me lo habéis hecho muy sencillo y os quiero dar las gracias a todos. En primer lugar al Profesor Albert Mas que me dio esta oportunidad y confió en mí. No olvidaré jamás la emoción de recibir su e-mail y la ilusión con la que vine a conocer ésta que sería mi casa durante cinco años. A la Profesora Estibaliz Mateo, una trabajadora incansable, que ha sido parte importantísima de esta tesis ya que con sus consejos y desvelos ha conseguido que aprendiera lo que significa trabajar en ciencia. La distancia no siempre es el olvido y esta tesis lo demuestra. Tengo que hacer un agradecimiento especial al Profesor Wolfgang Streit que accedió a recibirme en su grupo de investigación de la Universidad de Hamburgo donde he tenido la oportunidad de aprender en pocos meses no sólo nuevas técnicas en microbiología y bioquímica sino también a conocer mis propias capacidades como investigadora. A mis gemelitas, Anna, Gema y Mar, porque habéis sido mis hermanitas durante estos años, con las que siempre he podido contar. Vosotras, mejor que nadie, habéis vivido conmigo los altibajos propios de quien se encuentra solo y habéis sabido llenar con vuestro cariño y preciosas pancartas ese trocito de mi corazón que corresponde a la familia. Perdón por haberos dedicado menos tiempo estos últimos meses, sabéis que os he echado de menos un montón. Os merecéis todo lo mejor. A la Dra. Gil y la Dra. Rodríguez Naranjo, me han enseñado que el mundo no se termina al final de este libro, y que una cervecita, un café o un flan pueden ser tan maravillosos que valga la pena procrastinar un rato. Gracias a vosotras que me habéis hecho un coaching increíble. Vull veure’t a l’altra banda de l’Atlàntic, Mariona, t’ho mereixes per tot el que saps, el vals i la gran persona que ets. Y a Mábel, sabes que tenemos pendiente encontrar Candem market. A Braulio y MªJesús por haberme ayudado tanto, sobre todo cuando tenía un poquito más lejos a mis directores, sin vosotros no hubiera sido posible este librito. Gracias por todo, desde preguntarme qué tal iba hasta facilitarme todo lo que he ido necesitando, que yo siempre pido mucho, y los dos habeis movido todos los hilos necesarios para que no me faltara de nada. A mi Flor, ya sabes que te paso el testigo, tú cerrarás la línea de acéticas, tienes ese gran honor. Muchas gracias por ayudarme en todo, por estar ahí cuando necesitaba algo. Por los dos besos de cada mañana. Por tu sinceridad, por escucharme siempre. En realidad tú eres la que mejor me ha entendido, y es que estas bichas son muy puñeteras, pero se hacen querer. La botella de vinagre te la dejo ahí para que hagas magia, seguro que sabes cómo. UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID BACTERIA POPULATIONS AND THEIR INTERACTION IN DIFFERENT FOOD ENVIRONMENTS. María José Valera Martínez Dipòsit Legal: T 1835-2014 Quiero agradecer también a Claudio, muchas veces recuerdo cosas que me decías. Cuando estaba de estancia, tengo que agradecerte esos e-mails de ánimo, esas palabras en el momento adecuado para que no me desmoralizara. A David, que me ha hecho reir tanto como conmoverme, y a veces llegar a no entender nada. También se agradecen estos momentos surrealistas de vez en cuando. A Bea, que nos ha enseñado que Elche de la Sierra existe y que hacen los mejores bizcochos de chocolate del mundo. Muchas gracias, preciosa, por todo lo que me has aguantado, por ser tan cariñosa y espontánea. Da gusto compartir el día a día contigo, mucho ánimo para esta carrera de fondo que es la tesis. También gracias a Núria, que ha sido nuestra madre en el 122 pero además nos ha demostrado que a pesar de haber estudiado cuando había diapositivas sin power point es capaz de defender una presentación en inglés o vender su proyecto en un evento sin casi prepararlo.
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