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Gemboree 2017 1 GEMBOREE 2017 INFORMATION E-NEWSLETTER December 2016 – Edition 9 Tony Luchetti Showground, Lithgow – Easter – 14th – 17th April, 2017 FROM THE E-NEWSLETTER EDITOR Colin is looking forward to meeting you next Easter in Lithgow, with just four months to go till the GEMBOREE 2017 takes place. Remember that you need to think about your accommodation and if you are staying off-site. Accommodation will be at a premium now as we get closer. You also need to get your registrations in along with any tailgating applications, etc., A.S.A.P. There is plenty to do and see around Lithgow, including horse riding (seen below) negotiating the Cox’s River. As this is our Christmas e-newsletter I would like to take the opportunity to wish one and all a very happy, enjoyable and relaxing Christmas and my best wishes for the New Year and 2017. Welcome again to our e- newsletter for December and especially to the influx of collectors who have just requested this newsletter. Colin Wright, our GEMBOREE 2017 Co-Ordinator, would also like to extend to every one of you a very If you need details and contacts for the various local Merry Christmas and prosperous New Year. This is a attractions or any accommodation needs in and around joyous season to take a step back from our busy lives Lithgow you need to contact the illustrious staff at the and enjoy time with our loved ones. Best wishes to you Lithgow Visitor Information Centre, 1137 Great and yours. Western Hwy, Lithgow. NSW 2790 or telephone 2 1300760276 or email [email protected] or was given a reprieve when it was discovered that it www.tourism.lithgow.com gave tensile strength to steel, increased hardness and added to elasticity so the price rose making it more valuable to mine. It has however, caused many problems in an effort to process it for sale as there is often differing methods needed which is determined by the grade of the molybdenite. It was also found that it was easier to process, the higher grade ore, which also took far less time. They soon learnt that poorer quality ore had to be processed in smaller batches, hence commercial companies now only work the richer It will be great to meet you people in person and I hope deposits. you all make the effort in a few months’ time to visit Up to some 100 years ago it was initially broken up by Lithgow in the Central Tablelands of New South the miners themselves but then machines began to be Wales and its scenic environment. developed. Once the initial break-up took place it was Alan McRae, FAIHA – GEMBOREE 2017 tipped into a dry ball-mill in an attempt to reduce the e-newsletter Editor and Publicity Officer size to what looks like the size of pollard that one oooooooooooooOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooooo feeds to the chooks. The powder was then passed through a series of screens so that if any bits are still MOLYBDENUM too large they are returned to the ball-mill. These days The specimen (below) shows a hexagonal it is treated by several floatation processes and in one molybdenum crystal which has a silvery-looking finish case mixed with kerosene and later floated on water and breaks into flakes if not handled carefully, so it is with the concentrate separated by a shaking method. It considered quite soft. This metal mineral occurs in is usually found with bismuth and this is an unwanted many places around the world, but in many cases in mineral for steel-making so basically it has to be got just small quantities that make it uneconomical to treat rid of as it needs to be less than .5% of the weight. with large scale treatment plants. Many a collector will have a piece of molybdenite from Kingsgate (above) which at its peak saw the mines fully worked from 1905 until after World War One and into the very early 1920s. It was expected to attract mining and miners again during World War Two but that did not eventuate. There were still plenty of specimens to be picked up in the 1960’s when I was last there, along with some quite large quartz crystals. It is to be found in a few localities around Australia. In Evidence of sizeable crystals could be seen around particular in the New England area in northern New with most obviously smashed during earlier mining South Wales where I used to live before coming to operations to extract the molybdenite. Bathurst. It’s found in places such as Kingsgate, The field contains copious amounts of quartz pipes, Bolivia and Deepwater. It is also located at Everton believed to be around seventy, which were mined for (close to Beechworth in Victoria) and in Queensland in both bismuth and molybdenum at Kingsgate giving it Chillagoe mineral fields some 200km west of Cairns. the honour of the biggest molybdenum producer in Molybdenite has also been mined around the Moonta New South Wales. and Yelta areas in South Australia and in the Northern Territory at Yenberrie. Other countries mine deposits of this mineral and these are primarily Canada, Norway and England. Originally considered not very important, the mineral 3 “ESKBANK” & THOMAS BROWN verandah all around, finely dressed sandstone blocks, bay windows, graceful chimneys. If you visit the old The name ‘Eskbank’ home next year it’s quickly pointed out that the house is a common word in has a symmetrical internal structure. Stables and a Lithgow. It is a cottage for the workmen were also added. The name symbol of industrial came about after the river Esk in Scotland. industry of the town and later the city. Eskbank Estate, for some ninety years, sustained the industrialists and their workforce who transformed Lithgow from being a serene valley into a hive of industry with coal mines, iron and copper foundries Thomas and Mary had a circular driveway out the and steel mills. front and a formal garden and trees set out. Once It began with Thomas (above) climbing roses adorned the verandahs. A hexagon and Mary Brown after the pavilion was also built at the side and a vegetable couple married in June 1838 in garden was quickly established along with a selection Dumfries, Scotland. Thomas of fruit trees. Brown had been born in 1811 By 1847 Thomas had been appointed as a at Craighead, near Inverness, Commissioner of Crown Lands and in 1849 Charles in the north of Scotland. Mary Augustus Fitzroy, Captain General and Governor in was born in 1804 in Dumfries Chief of New South Wales, Victoria and Van which was a coal-mining Diemen’s Land engaged Thomas as a Bench region adjacent to the Magistrate. By 1855 he had become a Police English border. Not long Magistrate at Hartley Courthouse. after, they set sail for Sydney Having no interest in pastoralism arriving in December 1838, and heading for Bathurst, Thomas proceeded with more where Mary’s brothers lived. industrial pursuits and created The couple settled at Bowenfells (later spelt the Eskbank Colliery. He was Bowenfels) where they rented Andrew Brown’s quite aware that it was in an Cooerwull for a period of two years. Obviously seeing isolated area so along with other potential in the area they were able to purchase one of fellow Scotsmen and the first blocks of land to be offered in the Lithgow Presbyterians lobbied the New Valley in 1840. His 200 acres, adjoining Cooerwull, South Wales Government to had coal on it which he would later mine. bring about a rail line through the Lithgow Valley. The Great ‘Eskbank House’ was built in 1842 by a local Western Railway extension would also make other Scottish stonemason Alexander Binning, also a projects possible. Presbyterian. He used the local sandstone that he quarried at Bowenfels and Farmers’ Creek before Thomas must have been very pleased when he learnt that the Government had begun to investigate possible having it transported by bullock dray to the house site. routes for the Great Western Railway in 1858. The From Inverness, Binning had been brought out by ship Government Surveyor was Edwin Barton and he by Presbyterian Minister Reverend John Dunmore favoured a zig zag configuration over the Blue Lang to assist in the building of a college for him. Mountains and into Lithgow. Thomas was aware that Binning at one time, in 1835, was the Inspector of coal would be needed so the year before the railway Bridges for the New South Wales Road Department at arrived he had a test coal tunnel cut in at nearby Bathurst. Farmers Creek with pleasing results. He opened his Thomas almost immediately purchased another 630 Eskbank Colliery in time for steam engines to arrive in acres. His land now extended from Farmer’s Creek up Lithgow in 1869. The Colliery over the following three into Oakey Park and then across the floor of the decades was the Western Coalfields most valuable Lithgow Valley over to Mort Street. mine. Mary’s sister Wilhelmina Maxwell also lived at He paid for a personal rail siding behind Eskbank ‘Eskbank House’ which features a hipped roof, a House, calling it Brown’s Siding. In 1882 Eskbank 4 Station was constructed, becoming the main station for today, though being of high density it is often found in Lithgow till after World War One. river stones and sands in gravelly river areas where we collectors and prospectors can simply pick them out by Thomas Brown became the Member for Hartley from hand. 1872 until he was expelled in 1876 after it was found he had manipulated documents hiding his interest in The ruby has the hardness second only to the diamond, the Eskbank Colliery’s tenders to supply coal to the thus on the Mohs’ scale it has a hardness of 9.
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