N2429 V 1 Function Failure Annotation
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Operating Systems and Applications for Embedded Systems >>> Toolchains
>>> Operating Systems And Applications For Embedded Systems >>> Toolchains Name: Mariusz Naumowicz Date: 31 sierpnia 2018 [~]$ _ [1/19] >>> Plan 1. Toolchain Toolchain Main component of GNU toolchain C library Finding a toolchain 2. crosstool-NG crosstool-NG Installing Anatomy of a toolchain Information about cross-compiler Configruation Most interesting features Sysroot Other tools POSIX functions AP [~]$ _ [2/19] >>> Toolchain A toolchain is the set of tools that compiles source code into executables that can run on your target device, and includes a compiler, a linker, and run-time libraries. [1. Toolchain]$ _ [3/19] >>> Main component of GNU toolchain * Binutils: A set of binary utilities including the assembler, and the linker, ld. It is available at http://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/. * GNU Compiler Collection (GCC): These are the compilers for C and other languages which, depending on the version of GCC, include C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++, Java, Fortran, Ada, and Go. They all use a common back-end which produces assembler code which is fed to the GNU assembler. It is available at http://gcc.gnu.org/. * C library: A standardized API based on the POSIX specification which is the principle interface to the operating system kernel from applications. There are several C libraries to consider, see the following section. [1. Toolchain]$ _ [4/19] >>> C library * glibc: Available at http://www.gnu.org/software/libc. It is the standard GNU C library. It is big and, until recently, not very configurable, but it is the most complete implementation of the POSIX API. * eglibc: Available at http://www.eglibc.org/home. -
User's Manual
rBOX610 Linux Software User’s Manual Disclaimers This manual has been carefully checked and believed to contain accurate information. Axiomtek Co., Ltd. assumes no responsibility for any infringements of patents or any third party’s rights, and any liability arising from such use. Axiomtek does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information in this document. Axiomtek does not make any commitment to update the information in this manual. Axiomtek reserves the right to change or revise this document and/or product at any time without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Axiomtek Co., Ltd. Trademarks Acknowledgments Axiomtek is a trademark of Axiomtek Co., Ltd. ® Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand names and trademarks are the properties and registered brands of their respective owners. Copyright 2014 Axiomtek Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved February 2014, Version A2 Printed in Taiwan ii Table of Contents Disclaimers ..................................................................................................... ii Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................. 1 1.1 Specifications ...................................................................................... 2 Chapter 2 Getting Started ...................................... -
LTIB Quick Start: Targeting the Coldfire Mcf54418tower Board By: Soledad Godinez and Jaime Hueso Guadalajara Mexico
Freescale Semiconductor Document Number: AN4426 Application Note Rev. 0, December 2011 LTIB Quick Start: Targeting the ColdFire MCF54418Tower Board by: Soledad Godinez and Jaime Hueso Guadalajara Mexico Contents 1 Introduction 1 Introduction................................................................1 The purpose of this document is to indicate step-by-step how 2 LTIB..........................................................................1 to accomplish these tasks: • Install the BSP on a host development system. 2.1 Introduction....................................................1 • Run Linux Target Image Builder (LTIB) to build target 2.2 Installing the BSP...........................................2 images. • Boot Linux on the ColdFire MCF54418 Tower board. 2.3 Running LTIB................................................7 3 Target deployment .................................................13 This document is a guide for people who want to properly set up the Freescale Linux Target Image Builder (LTIB) for the 3.1 The Tower kit ..............................................13 ColdFire MCF54418 Tower Board Support Package (BSP). 3.2 Constructing the Tower kit...........................15 3.3 Programming U-boot, kernel, and root file system.............................................16 2 LTIB 3.4 Configuring U-boot......................................24 3.5 Running.......................................................25 4 Conclusions.............................................................26 2.1 Introduction Freescale GNU/Linux -
Author Guidelines for 8
ACCELERATED CODE GENERATOR FOR PROCESSING OCEAN COLOR REMOTE SENSING DATA ON GPU Jae-Moo Heo1, Gangwon Jo2, Hee-Jeong Han1, Hyun Yang 1 1Korea Ocean Satellite Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Pusan, South Korea 2Seoul National University and ManyCoreSoft Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea ABSTRACT GOCI-II ground system in July 2017 and decided to process As the satellite data gradually increases, the processing time algorithms on the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) in order of the algorithm for remote sensing also increases. It is now to process large amounts of data. essential to make efforts to improve the processing Nowadays, we can take advantage of computation devices performance in various accelerators such as Graphics of various architectures: Many Integrated Core (i.e., Intel Processing Unit (GPU). However, it is very difficult to use Xeon Phi), GPU, and Filed Programmable Gate Array programming models that make programs to run on (FPGA). These accelerators are constantly improving and accelerators. Especially for scientists, easy programming changing. And, parallel programming models that are and performance are often more important than providing compatible with these various accelerators are being many optimization functions and directives. To meet these developed at the same time. However, algorithm source requirements, we developed the accelerated code generator codes have been generally improved for several years or based on Open Computing Language (OpenCL) for several decades and it is not easy to develop a large amount processing ocean color remote sensing data. We easily of these source codes into the existing parallel programming applied our generator to atmospheric correction program for models. -
A Type-Checking Preprocessor for Cilk 2, a Multithreaded C Language
A Typechecking Prepro cessor for Cilk a Multithreaded C Language by Rob ert C Miller Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulllment of the requirements for the degrees of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering and Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology May Copyright Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved Author ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science May Certied by ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: Charles E Leiserson Thesis Sup ervisor Accepted by ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: F R Morgenthaler Chairman Department Committee on Graduate Theses A Typechecking Prepro cessor for Cilk a Multithreaded C Language by Rob ert C Miller Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science on May in partial fulllment of the requirements for the degrees of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering and Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Abstract This thesis describ es the typechecking optimizing translator that translates Cilk a C ex tension language for multithreaded parallel programming into C The CilktoC translator is based on CtoC a to ol I developed that parses type checks analyzes and regenerates a C program With a translator based on CtoC -
Arm C/C++ Compiler Developer and Reference Guide Document ID: 101458 21.1 01 En Version 21.1
Arm C/C++ Compiler Version 21.1 Developer and Reference Guide Non-Confidential Issue 01 Copyright © 2018–2021 Arm Limited (or its affiliates). 101458_21.1_01_en All rights reserved. Arm C/C++ Compiler Developer and Reference Guide Document ID: 101458_21.1_01_en Version 21.1 Arm C/C++ Compiler Developer and Reference Guide Copyright © 2018–2021 Arm Limited (or its affiliates). All rights reserved. Release information Document history Issue Date Confidentiality Change 1900-00 2 November 2018 Non-Confidential Document release for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 19.0 1910-00 8 March 2019 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 19.1 1920-00 7 June 2019 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 19.2 1930-00 30 August 2019 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 19.3 2000-00 29 November 2019 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.0 2010-00 23 April 2020 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.1 2010-01 23 April 2020 Non-Confidential Documentation update 1 for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.1 2020-00 25 June 2020 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.2 2030-00 4 September 2020 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.3 2030-01 16 October 2020 Non-Confidential Documentation update 1 for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 20.3 2100-00 30 March 2021 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 21.0 2110-00 24 August 2021 Non-Confidential Update for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 21.1 2110-01 26 August 2021 Non-Confidential Documentation update 1 for Arm C/C++ Compiler version 21.1 Proprietary Notice This document is protected by copyright and other related rights and the practice or implementation of the information contained in this document may be protected by one or more patents or pending patent applications. -
The C-- Language Reference Manual
The C-- Language Reference Manual Simon Peyton Jones Thomas Nordin Dino Oliva Pablo Nogueira Iglesias April 23, 1998 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Syntax definition 3 2.1 General ......................................... 3 2.2 Comments........................................ 6 2.3 Names.......................................... 6 2.4 Namescope....................................... 6 2.5 The import and export declarations ........................ 6 2.6 Constants ....................................... 7 2.6.1 Integer and floating point numbers . ...... 7 2.6.2 Characters and strings . ... 7 3 Fundamental concepts in C-- 7 3.1 Memory......................................... 7 3.2 Datasegment ..................................... 8 3.3 Codesegment..................................... 8 3.4 Types .......................................... 8 3.5 Local variables (or registers) . ......... 8 3.6 Addresses ....................................... 9 3.7 Names.......................................... 9 3.8 Foreign language interface . ....... 9 4 Data layout directives 9 4.1 Labels.......................................... 10 4.2 Initialisation.................................. ..... 10 4.3 Alignment....................................... 12 1 5 Procedures 12 5.1 Proceduredefinition..... ...... ..... ...... ...... .. ..... 12 5.2 Statements...................................... 13 5.2.1 skip; ..................................... 13 5.2.2 Declaration ................................... 13 5.2.3 Assignment................................... 13 5.2.4 -
Lesson 01 Programming with C
Lesson 01 Programming with C Pijushkanti Panigrahi What is C ? • The C is a programming Language, developed by Dennis Ritchie for creating system applications that directly interact with the hardware devices such as drivers, kernels, etc. • C programming is considered as the base for other programming languages, that is why it is known as mother language. • C is famous for its Compactness. • C language is case sensitive. 2 Features It can be defined by the following ways: Mother language System programming language Procedure-oriented programming language Structured programming language Mid-level programming language 3 1) C as a mother language ? • C language is considered as the mother language of all the modern programming languages because most of the compilers, JVMs, Kernels, etc. are written in C language , and most of the programming languages follow C syntax, for example, C++, Java, C#, etc. • It provides the core concepts like the array , strings , functions , file handling , etc . that are being used in many languages like C++ , Java , C# , etc. 4 2) C as a system programming language • A system programming language is used to create system software. • C language is a system programming language because it can be used to do low-level programming (for example driver and kernel) . • It is generally used to create hardware devices, OS, drivers, kernels, etc. For example, Linux kernel is written in C. 5 3) C as a procedural language • A procedure is known as a function, method, routine, subroutine, etc. A procedural language specifies a series of steps for the program to solve the problem. -
The Book of C Release 2018.01
The Book of C Release 2018.01 Joel Sommers Sep 16, 2018 CONTENTS 1 Introduction: The C Language3 2 Getting your feet wet in the C5 2.1 Hello, somebody............................................5 2.2 Hello, clang ...............................................7 3 Basic Types and Operators 11 3.1 Integer types.............................................. 11 3.2 Floating point types.......................................... 14 3.3 Boolean type.............................................. 15 3.4 Basic syntactic elements........................................ 15 4 Control Structures 23 4.1 if Statement.............................................. 23 4.2 The conditional expression (ternary operator)........................... 24 4.3 switch statement............................................ 24 4.4 while loop................................................ 25 4.5 do-while loop............................................. 25 4.6 for loop................................................. 26 5 Arrays and Strings 29 5.1 Arrays.................................................. 29 5.2 Multidimensional Arrays....................................... 32 5.3 C Strings................................................. 32 6 Aggregate Data Structures 39 6.1 The C struct .............................................. 39 7 Functions 43 7.1 Function syntax............................................. 43 7.2 Data types for parameters and return values............................ 45 7.3 Storage classes, the stack and the heap.............................. -
Cab Programming Manual
Product Marking 1 1 A+ series Mach 4 PX Print Module XD4 Programming Manual J-Script and abc for cab printers Edition 7.0 cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG 1 2 2 JScript - the programming language for cab printers. The usage of all described functions in this manual requires firmware version 3.17 or higher. This is a generic manual which describes the commands for different printer models,which means that it may contain descriptions or explanations of features which are not available on every printer model. cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG 2 3 3 cab Programming Manual valid for following printer types: A+ -Series TM XD4 -Series TM Mach 4 TM PX -Print Module TM and all printing systems based on the cab „X2“ board copyright © cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG all rights reserved No parts of this manual may be copied, rewritten or used for anything else than for original cab printers. This interdicts the usage of the manual for OEM products unless you have a written permission. The cab printers command language is owned and copyrighted by cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG Wilhelm Schickard Str. 14 76131 Karlsruhe / Germany Tel: +49 - 721-6626-0 Fax:+49 - 721-6626-239 Email: [email protected] http://www.cabgmbh.com All registered trademarks or product names are trademarks of their respectives companies SwissTM is registered Trademark of Bitstream Inc. cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG 3 4 4 Table of contents copyright © cab Produkttechnik GmbH & Co KG.................................................................................. -
In Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
Using the GNU Compiler Collection For gcc version 6.1.0 (GCC) Richard M. Stallman and the GCC Developer Community Published by: GNU Press Website: http://www.gnupress.org a division of the General: [email protected] Free Software Foundation Orders: [email protected] 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor Tel 617-542-5942 Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Fax 617-542-2652 Last printed October 2003 for GCC 3.3.1. Printed copies are available for $45 each. Copyright c 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being \Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover Texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License". (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: A GNU Manual (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development. i Short Contents Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 Programming Languages Supported by GCC ::::::::::::::: 3 2 Language Standards Supported by GCC :::::::::::::::::: 5 3 GCC Command Options ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 4 C Implementation-Defined Behavior :::::::::::::::::::: 373 5 C++ Implementation-Defined Behavior ::::::::::::::::: 381 6 Extensions to -
Multiverse: Compiler-Assisted Management of Dynamic Variability in Low-Level System Software
Multiverse: Compiler-Assisted Management of Dynamic Variability in Low-Level System Software Florian Rommel, Christian Dietrich, Michael Rodin, Daniel Lohmann {rommel, dietrich, lohmann}@sra.uni-hannover.de, [email protected] Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany Abstract inline void spin_irq_lock(raw_spinlock_t *lock) { System software, such as the Linux kernel, typically pro- #ifdef CONFIG_SMP vides a high degree of versatility by means of static and dy- irq_disable(); _ namic variability. While static variability can be completely spin acquire(&lock); #else A Static Binding resolved at compile time, dynamic variation points come at irq_disable(); a cost arising from extra tests and branches in the control #endif flow. Kernel developers use it (a) only sparingly and (b)try } to mitigate its overhead by run-time binary code patching, for which several problem/architecture-specific mechanisms B Dynamic Binding have become part of the kernel. inline {+ __attribute__((multiverse)) +} We think that means for highly efficient dynamic variabil- void spin_irq_lock(raw_spinlock_t *lock) { ity should be provided by the language and compiler instead if (config_smp) { _ and present multiverse, an extension to the C programming irq disable(); spin_acquire(&lock); language and the GNU C compiler for this purpose. Mul- } else{ C Multiverse tiverse is easy to apply and targets program-global config- irq_disable(); uration switches in the form of (de-)activatable features, } } integer-valued configurations, and rarely-changing program modes. At run time, multiverse removes the overhead of eval- [avg. cycles] A B C uating them on every invocation. Microbenchmark results SMP=false 6.64 9.75 7.48 from applying multiverse to performance-critical features SMP=true 28.82 28.91 28.86 of the Linux kernel, cPython, the musl C-library and GNU grep show that multiverse can not only replace and unify the Figure 1.