DOCSLIB.ORG

Cryptocurrencies and Blockchains

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

community.apan.org/wg/tradoc-g2/fmso/ Foreign Military Studies Office Volume 8 Issue #1 OEWATCH January 2018 FOREIGN NEWS & PERSPECTIVES OF THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT CRYPTOCURRENCIESCRYPTOCURRENCIES ANDAND BLOCKCHAINSBLOCKCHAINS MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA 23 China in the “Post-American” Middle East 24 Russia’s “Victory Lap” in the Middle East 26 Will Russia Establish a Military Base in the Red Sea? CRYPTOCURRENCIES AND BLOCKCHAINS 28 What Next in the Renaissance Dam Conflict? ASIA-PACIFIC 48 ASEAN Leaders Discuss Security Challenges 3 The Kremlin’s Cryptocurrency Sanctions Bypass 29 Algeria Rejects Joining Saudi-Led Terrorism Coalition 49 China Unveils World’s Fastest Amphibious Assault Vehicle 4 Testing Crypto in Separatist Regions 30 Iran: Khamenei Speaks on Views toward America 50 Rohingya Crisis: Will China’s Mediation Succeed? 5 The Cryptoruble: Not Exactly a Hard Currency, Not Exactly 31 Iran: New Military Budget Proposed 51 China’s Relationship with Chile the Russian Bitcoin 32 Iran’s Amphibious Aircraft from Russia 52 China Considers “Defensive Mobilization” for Potential War on 6 The Cryptoruble: A Test-Tube Baby among Natural Korean Peninsula Cryptocurrencies, or Just an Electronic Ruble? AFRICA 7 Questions Surrounding the Cryptoruble 33 Drivers of African Instability 8 Cryptocurrency Mining: A Hot Topic in the Energy Sector 34 Somalia: Who Will Fill the Security Void after AMISOM? CAUCASUS, CENTRAL AND SOUTH ASIA 9 China Aims to be Global Leader in Blockchain Technology 35 Women in al-Shabaab: Why They Join, What They Do 53 Kazakhstan’s New Military Doctrine 10 A Chinese Insider Analysis of Bitcoin in North Korea 36 Gunsmithing: A Lucrative Business in West Africa 54 India’s Reaction to Russian Security Cooperation with Pakistan 11 North Korea Cyber Crime Shifts Gears 37 Eritrea: Cracks in “Africa’s North Korea” 56 Georgia: A Counterterrorism Operation Raises Questions 12 Malaysia Eyes New Era of Cryptocurrency and Terrorism 38 Boko Haram’s Soft Targets: Refugees and IDPs Financing 39 Inside the Mind of Mali’s Mausoleum Destroyer 13 Malaysia Seeks to Regulate Cryptocurrencies RUSSIA, UKRAINE, EUROPE 57 The Wagner Private Military Company 13 Vietnam Bans Bitcoin 58 Russia Ponders the Creation of a Russian STRATCOM 14 Concerns about Cryptocurrency and Terrorism Financing in LATIN AMERICA 60 New Artillery Rounds Will Extend Russian Artillery Range Indonesia 40 Argentinean Submariners Lost at Sea 61 Schemes to Skirt Sanctions 15 The Market for Bitcoins in India 41 Debating the Impeachment of Former Argentinean 62 Can Russia Mobilize Military Medical Care? 17 Digital Currencies in the Middle East and North Africa President 63 Strengthening Military and Historical Claims to Crimea 19 Turkey Grapples with Blockchains and Cryptocurrencies 42 Who Is the President of Honduras? 64 Permanent Iskanders in Kaliningrad 20 Blockchain’s LATAM Anti-Corruption Promise 42 New Old Chilean President Not Socialist 65 Deciphering Russian Weapon Developments 21 Venezuela’s New Crypto-Oil Money 43 Electric Substation Event in Venezuela 66 In the Rucksacks of the Sofrino Brigade: Snickers and Pork Fat 22 Gold Mining in Venezuela 44 The FARC’s Political Aspirations 45 Colombia to Train 20,000 Police Officers in Central America 67 Russian NBC Arctic Training in 2017 46 Military Cooperation in South America 69 Russian Military Vehicle Winterization Challenge 47 Brazil Hosts First Ever Humanitarian-Logistics Exercise in South America approved for public release; distribution is unlimited The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is part of the US Army Training and Doctrine Command G-2, whose mission is to Understand, Describe, Deliver, and OEWATCH Assess the conditions of the Operational Foreign News & Perspectives Environment. For over 30 years, FMSO of the Operational Environment has conducted open source research Volume 8 | Issue 1 January | 2018 on foreign perspectives of defense and security issues, emphasizing those topics that are understudied or unconsidered. Regional Analysts and Operational Environment Watch Expert Contributors provides translated selections and commentary from a diverse range Middle East, North Africa Karen Kaya Michael Rubin of foreign media that our analysts Lucas Winter and expert contributors believe will Jacob Zenn give security professionals an added Africa Robert Feldman dimension to their critical thinking Jacob Zenn about the Operational Environment. Latin America Geoff Demarest Brenda Fiegel The views expressed in each article are those of the author and do not represent the official policy or Asia-Pacific Dodge Billingsley position of the Department of the Army, Department Fen Chen of Defense, or the US Government. Release of this R. Evan Ellis information does not imply any commitment or intent Cindy Hurst on the part of the US Government to provide any Sudha Ramachandran additional information on any topic presented herein. Jacob Zenn The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute Caucasus, endorsement by the US Army of the referenced site Central and South Asia Matthew Stein or the information, products, or services contained therein. Users should exercise caution in accessing Russia, Ukraine, Europe Chuck Bartles hyperlinks. Ray Finch The Operational Environment Watch is archived Les Grau and available at: https://community.apan.org/wg/ Mica Hall tradoc-g2/fmso/. Editor-in-Chief Tom Wilhelm Editor Karen Kaya Design Editor Lucas Winter ON THE COVER: Matrix. Source: By Comfreak, https://pixabay.com/en/matrix-code-computer-pc-data-356024/, CC0. CRYPTOCURRENCIES AND BLOCKCHAINS The Kremlin’s Cryptocurrency Sanctions Bypass OE Watch Commentary: According to the accompanying article, “the Kremlin is considering cryptocurrencies “The cryptoruble is an excellent countermeasure…” as a way of bypassing the international sanctions that Source: Nikolay Nelyubin interviews businessman Yevgeniy Lifshits, are affecting the country’s defense capabilities.” Up until “Бутеринки спасут Россию и сделают Путина президентом (‘Buterinki’ now, Russia’s defense industries have resorted to “import Will Save Russia and Make Putin President),” Fontanka.ru, 25 September substitution” to ameliorate the affects of sanctions by either 2017. http://www.fontanka.ru/2017/09/25/055/ developing their own products or acquiring necessary The Kremlin is considering cryptocurrencies as a way of bypassing the components via other countries. However, sanctions recently international sanctions that are affecting the country’s defense capabilities… imposed against major Russian defense firms may now Businessman Yevgeniy Lifshits thinks that the “cryptoruble” will come into restrict the Kremlin’s ability to sell weapon systems to foreign being very soon: Right before the Russian Federation presidential election…. customers. The brief excerpt from an interview in the Russian …[Nelyubin] At what level are these discussions taking place? Which online news outlet Fontanka.ru describes how the Kremlin ministries and sectors are worried? “is considering cryptocurrencies as a way of bypassing the [Lifshits] At the level of the VPK [military industrial complex] overseers and international sanctions that are affecting the country’s defense manufacturers. It is also being discussed at fairly high-level meetings in the capabilities.” Defense Ministry, Rostekh, and so on…. While the excerpt does not provide a detailed explanation …[Nelyubin] Aside from observing reality, what do the powers-that-be need of how the Russian cryptocurrency system will work, it does to understand? claim that such a tool will allow “Russia’s trade partners… to [Lifshits] The [United] States introduces the sanctions via SWIFT (the remain unnoticed by the United States” and thus would ensure largest international interbank system of transferring information and making that they do “not fall under the sanctions.” The article points payments -- ed.) and monitors them there too. But companies want to work, out that “such ideas have already been discussed at the level of all this wrangling is of no benefit to them. How does this work? You see, you the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa)” where have a buyer, company X, in Europe. It does not want to give away the fact it is working with you, so that it does not fall under the sanctions. Then X buys they “discussed the possibility of creating a cryptocurrency “Rucoin,” it uses this to settle its accounts with you, and you then convert the for the organization.” Even before the crisis began between profit into whatever currency you need, in China, for example. It is almost the Russia and Ukraine, the Kremlin leadership was aggrieved same as the way Iran went back to commodity exchanges when it was subject that the US dollar served as the global reserve currency. They to sanctions. It is just that today there is a new financial instrument. Drug contend that this economic advantage translates into American dealers and so on were the first to use Bitcoin. And now for the state it is the military prowess. The Kremlin regards economic sanctions way out of [a] difficult situation…. as a powerful tool in America’s hybrid warfare strategy, and [Lifshits] …And this will happen the instant that they clearly see a way of Russia has been at the forefront in efforts to weaken American avoiding the sanctions using the cryptoruble…. economic might. …[Nelyubin] Give a prediction about the timescale. When can this The Kremlin remains determined to modernize its armed “command” be expected? forces, and
Recommended publications
  • The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies

    The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies

    The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies Edited by Daria Gritsenko Mariëlle Wijermars · Mikhail Kopotev The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies Daria Gritsenko Mariëlle Wijermars • Mikhail Kopotev Editors The Palgrave Handbook of Digital Russia Studies Editors Daria Gritsenko Mariëlle Wijermars University of Helsinki Maastricht University Helsinki, Finland Maastricht, The Netherlands Mikhail Kopotev Higher School of Economics (HSE University) Saint Petersburg, Russia ISBN 978-3-030-42854-9 ISBN 978-3-030-42855-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42855-6 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
  • 151016 CB China Power of Retailing 2015 CN.Docx

    151016 CB China Power of Retailing 2015 CN.Docx

    China Power of Retailing 2015 China Power of Retailing 2015 1 Foreword 2015 has witnessed the recovery of a global economy and the gradual stabilization of a real economy in China. While the Eurozone economy continues to improve, the differentiation among its economies remains noticeable. “Abeconomics” throws Japan into deep recession. The United States of America, as the only exception, enters the trajectory of a strong recovery and the US dollar has appreciated sharply against other major world currencies. Its well-anticipated rise in interest rate in the fourth quarter forebodes an accelerated devaluation of currencies in most emerging economies. As a result, the pressure on devaluating RMB is mounting. With a slowed growth rate, the Chinese economy has arrived at the stage of new normal. The YoY growth for the first half of the year lingers around 7%, hindered by the deceleration of the three engines that used to propel GDP growth – a sluggish export, a slow growth in investment and a domestic consumption that continues to fall behind expectation. Although the growth rate of the total retail of consumer goods has dropped, it has far outpaced the domestic industrial growth. With the consumer confidence seeing constant improvement that will further free up consumption potential, consumption is expected to continue pulling the economy in the future. A continued fall in oil prices has offset the inflationary pressure, curbing the inflation at a lower level to make room for executing a lax monetary policy. To further boost investment and consumption, and reduce enterprise financing costs, the government has gradually redirected its macro economy from “stabilize growth and adjust structure” to “ensure growth,” making the lowering of interest rate and reserve ratio possible in the second half of the year.
  • Global Powers of Retailing 2019 Contents

    Global Powers of Retailing 2019 Contents

    Global Powers of Retailing 2019 Contents Top 250 quick statistics 4 Global economic outlook 5 Top 10 highlights 8 Global Powers of Retailing Top 250 11 Geographic analysis 19 Product sector analysis 23 New entrants 27 Fastest 50 30 Study methodology and data sources 35 Endnotes 39 Contacts 41 Welcome to the 22nd edition of Global Powers of Retailing. The report identifies the 250 largest retailers around the world based on publicly available data for FY2017 (fiscal years ended through June 2018), and analyzes their performance across geographies and product sectors. It also provides a global economic outlook, looks at the 50 fastest-growing retailers, and highlights new entrants to the Top 250. Top 250 quick statistics, FY2017 Minimum retail US$4.53 US$18.1 revenue required to be trillion billion among Top 250 Aggregate Average size US$3.7 retail revenue of Top 250 of Top 250 (retail revenue) billion 5-year retail Composite 5.7% revenue growth net profit margin 5.0% Composite (CAGR from Composite year-over-year retail FY2012-201 2.3% return on assets revenue growth 3.3% Top 250 retailers with foreign 23.6% 10 operations Share of Top 250 Average number aggregate retail revenue of countries where 65.6% from foreign companies have operations retail operations Source: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited. Global Powers of Retailing 2019. Analysis of financial performance and operations for fiscal years ended through June 2018 using company annual reports, Supermarket News, Forbes America’s largest private companies and other sources. 4 Global economic outlook 5 Global Powers of Retailing 2019 | Global economic outlook The global economy is currently at a turning point.
  • 2015 BRICS Ufa Summit Compliance Report 10 July 2015 to 19 September 2016

    2015 BRICS Ufa Summit Compliance Report 10 July 2015 to 19 September 2016

    2015 BRICS Ufa Summit Compliance Report 10 July 2015 to 19 September 2016 Prepared by: Mark Rakhmangulov, Andrey Shelepov, Andrei Sakharov and the Center for International Institutions Research of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow and Caroline Bracht, Alissa Wang and the University of Toronto BRICS Research Group Toronto 12 October 2016 2015 BRICS Ufa Compliance Report Contents Research Team .................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction and Summary ............................................................................................................... 4 Methodology and Scoring System ................................................................................................. 4 The Breakdown of Commitments ................................................................................................. 5 Table 1: Distribution of BRICS Commitments across Issue Areas, 2009-2015 ......................... 6 Selection of Commitments ............................................................................................................ 6 Table 2: 2015 BRICS Ufa Summit Priority Commitments ...................................................... 7 Compliance Scores ........................................................................................................................ 7 Table 3: 2015 BRICS Ufa Summit Compliance Scores ...........................................................
  • GFSI : Overview and GFSI : Overview and Comparaison of Comparaison Of

    GFSI : Overview and GFSI : Overview and Comparaison of Comparaison Of

    GFSI : Overview and comparaison of schemes CMC May 5, 2011 GFSI Background In 2000….. ¾ FdFood saftfetycrises ¾ Profileration of individual retailer schemes ¾ Burden to suppliers and producers due to frequent audits ¾ Lack of efficiency and high costs in the food supply chain Global Food Safety Initiative ¾ GFSI lhdlaunched at the CIES AlAnnual Congress in 2000, following a directive from the food business CEOs. ¾ Food Safety was then, and is still, top of mind with consumers. Consumer trust needs to be strengthened and maintained, while making the suppl y chain safer. ¾ Managed by The Consumer Goods Forum GFSI managed by The Consumer Goods Forum ¾ An independent global parity‐based Consumer Goods network ¾ Over 650 Members ¾ Representing 70 countries ¾ Over 3 continents Paris, HQ Washington D.C. Tokyo €2.1 trillion THE CONSUMER GOODS FORUM BOARD OF DIRECTORS MANUFACTURER RETAILER COLLEGE COLLEGE 25 25 CEOsCOs CEOsCOs Retailer College Manufacturer College « Safe Food for Consumers Everywhere » GFSI Mission Driving continuous improvement in food safety to strengthen consumer confidence worldwide GFSI Objectives Reduce food safety risks Manage cost GFSI Develop competencies Knowledge exchange and capacity building and networking How does GFSI work? ¾ Benchmarks existing food safety schemes, including pre‐farm gate schemes against the GFSI Guidance Document. ¾ Determines whether a scheme is equivalent to the Guidance Document requirements. ¾ Helps and encourages food safety stakeholders to share knowledge and strategy for food safety and to develop best food safety practice in a common global framework. What GFSI Does NOT Do ¾ Make policy for retailers or manufacturers ¾ Make policy for standard owners ¾ Undertake any accreditation or certification activities ¾ Have involvement with an area outside the scope of food safety i.e.
  • Global Powers of Retailing Top 250, FY2015

    Global Powers of Retailing Top 250, FY2015

    Global Powers of Retailing 2017 | Top 250 Global Powers of Retailing Top 250, FY2015 FY2015 FY2015 Parent Parent FY2010- FY2015 FY2015 company/ company/ # 2015 Retail Retail group group Countries Retail revenue Country revenue revenue¹ net income¹ of revenue rank Company of origin (US$M) (US$M) (US$M) Dominant operational format operation CAGR² 1 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. US 482,130 482,130 15,080 Hypermarket/Supercenter/Superstore 30 2.7% 2 Costco Wholesale Corporation US 116,199 116,199 2,409 Cash & Carry/Warehouse Club 10 8.3% 3 The Kroger Co. US 109,830 109,830 2,049 Supermarket 1 6.0% 4 Schwarz Unternehmenstreuhand KG Germany 94,448 94,448 n/a Discount Store 26 7.4% 5 Walgreens Boots Alliance, Inc. US 89,631 103,444** 4,279 Drug Store/Pharmacy 10 5.9% (formerly Walgreen Co.) 6 The Home Depot, Inc. US 88,519 88,519 7,009 Home Improvement 4 5.4% 7 Carrefour S.A. France 84,856 87,593 1,247 Hypermarket/Supercenter/Superstore 35 -3.1% 8 Aldi Einkauf GmbH & Co. oHG Germany 82,164e 82,164e n/a Discount Store 17 8.0% 9 Tesco PLC UK 81,019 82,466 535 Hypermarket/Supercenter/Superstore 10 -2.3% 10 Amazon.com, Inc. US 79,268 107,006 596 Non-Store 14 20.8% 11 Target Corporation US 73,785 73,785 3,363 Discount Department Store 1 2.3% 12 CVS Health Corporation US 72,007 153,290 5,239 Drug Store/Pharmacy 3 4.7% 13 Metro Ag Germany 68,066** 68,066** 821 Cash & Carry/Warehouse Club 31 -2.5% 14 Aeon Co., Ltd.
  • SUSTAINABILITY, SOCIAL MEDIA… and the FUTURE of RETAIL

    SUSTAINABILITY, SOCIAL MEDIA… and the FUTURE of RETAIL

    THE COCA-COLA RETAILING RESEARCH Councils SUSTAINABILITY, SOCIAL MEDIA… AND THE FUTURE OF RETAIL Global Retail Summit London, August 2012 The first Coca-Cola Retailing Research Council was formed in 1978 in North America to help retail customers address industry issues through organized discussion and commissioned research. Today, the Company sponsors six Councils throughout the world: North America, NACS North America, Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Eurasia & Africa. Each Council is comprised of up to 20 retail leaders and non-voting Coca-Cola system executives. Widely considered to be among the industry’s most prestigious retail think tanks, the Coca-Cola Retailing Research Councils have published more than 50 proprietary studies on issues ranging from shopper insights and new market dynamics to technology, innovation and social media. THIS PUBLIcatION IS A COLLECTION OF PAPers PRODUCED FROM PresentatIONS at GLOBAL RetaIL SUMMIT. Panel DIscUSSIONS DURIng THE SUMMIT WERE NOT RECORDED. © 2012 THE COCA-COla EXPOrt CORPOratION, UNDER THE AUSPIces OF THE COCA-COla RetaILIng ResearcH COUncIls CONTENTS FOREWORD FACING UP TO NEW REALITIES Muhtar Kent PAGE 2 SUSTAINABILITY THE CHALLENGE FOR RETAILERS HRH Prince Charles PAGE 4 WELCOME TO THE NEW NORMAL Lord Deben PAGE 8 THE QUEST FOR CHANGE Carter Roberts PAGE 12 WHY LESS HAS TO MEAN MORE Dr Jason Clay PAGE 16 SOCIAL MEDIA BACK TO THE FUTURE? James Quarles PAGE 22 BE YOURSELF… SIMPLY FLAWSOME Wendy Clark PAGE 28 IT PAYS TO TALK. BUT KEEP IT RELEVANT… AND HONEST Richard Reed PAGE 30 THE FUTURE OF RETAILING HOW TO PREPARE FOR THE ‘PERFECT STORM’ Mark Price PAGE 34 SUMMARY THE PROMISE OF SUSTAINABLE GROWTH PAGE 38 LIST OF MEMBERS PAGE 40 CCRRC Global Retail Summit RepoRt FOREWORD FACING UP TO NEW REALITIES Muhtar Kent Chairman and Chief Executive Officer The Coca-Cola Company ince 1978, the Coca-Cola Retailing This is why I am convinced that sustaina- Research Council has generated over bility and social media will forever be con- 40 extensive, proprietary studies on nected at the hip.
  • Putin's Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket

    Putin's Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket

    STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 25 Putin’s Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket by John W. Parker Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, and Center for Technology and National Security Policy. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the unified combatant commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier, August, 2012 (Russian Ministry of Defense) Putin's Syrian Gambit Putin's Syrian Gambit: Sharper Elbows, Bigger Footprint, Stickier Wicket By John W. Parker Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 25 Series Editor: Denise Natali National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. July 2017 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. Cleared for public release; distribution unlimited. Portions of this work may be quoted or reprinted without permission, provided that a standard source credit line is included.
  • For Immediate Release

    For Immediate Release

    Press Release For Immediate Release China Resources Enterprise, Limited Announced 2002 Interim Results Restructuring Efforts Start to Pay Off (Hong Kong, September 4, 2002) China Resources Enterprise, Limited (SEHK Code: 0291), together with its subsidiaries (collectively “The Group”), announced its interim results for the six months ended June 30, 2002 today and reported an unaudited consolidated turnover and profit attributable to shareholders of HK$12,933 million and HK$720 million respectively, representing a 7.2% increase and an 8.6% decrease over the same period of last year. Excluding the profit of HK$59.1 million from the disposal of a 25.5% stake in China Resources (Shenyang) Sanyo Compressor Co., Ltd. in the first half of 2001, profit attributable to shareholders for the six months ended June 30, 2002 declined slightly by just 1.2% over the same period of last year. Earnings per share, based on a weighted average number of shares, was HK$0.35 compared with HK$0.39 for the first half of 2001. The Board has declared an interim dividend for the year ending December 31, 2002 of HK 9 cents per share which will be payable on or about November 1, 2002. Mr. Frank Ning, the Chairman of China Resources Enterprise, Limited said, “The Group’s strenuous efforts in restructuring its distribution businesses into a more refined and focused ‘retail-led distribution’ direction are gradually paid off. This is evident from the earnings stability in the first half of 2002 in the absence of any significant property development and banking profits. We are confident that our retail-led distribution model will drive future growth and thus earnings of the Group will be more recurrent.” Among the different business divisions, earnings of the Group’s Petroleum and Chemical operation doubled due to higher wholesaling margin of petroleum, turnaround of chemicals distribution business as well as continued growth of the local retail business.
  • 2020-Your-Choice.Pdf

    2020-Your-Choice.Pdf

    Red Hot Rewards of Your Choice With the year-round “Red Hot Rewards of Your Choice” Up to programme, you can allocate your extra RewardCash among the RewardCash rebate, 6 spending categories to earn rewards faster! 2.4% year-round Red Hot Rewards of Your Choice From 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020, the 1-year1 programme let you earn up to 6X RewardCash2 (which is equivalent to 2.4% RewardCash rebate) at a wide range of merchants all year round. You can allocate your extra 5X RewardCash among the 6 spending categories3 of Dining, Entertainment, Home, Lifestyle, Mainland China and Macau Spending and Overseas Spending according to your spending habits. You can enjoy the extra RewardCash for your first HK$100,000 eligible spending, so that you can earn rewards even faster. Three simple steps to start earning extra RewardCash Call hotline 8228 3308 or Visit www.hsbc.com.hk/rewards to register Allocate extra 5X RewardCash to your preferred spending categories Dining Spending at dining outlets in Hong Kong4 Entertainment4 Selected merchants: AMC Pacific Place, Broadway Circuit, CGV Cinemas, Festival Grand Cinema, Golden Harvest Cinemas, Grand Windsor Cinema, MCL Cinemas, STAR Cinema, the sky, UA Cinemas, CEO, Neway and RedMR Home4 Selected merchants: 759 Store, BROADWAY, HKTVmall, Mannings, PARKnSHOP and Wellcome Supermarket Lifestyle4 Selected merchants: AEON, agnès b, APiTA, GigaSports, GU, SOGO and UNIQLO Mainland China and Spending in Mainland China and Macau4 Macau Spending5 Overseas Spending5 Overseas spending4 Spend with your HSBC credit card and earn up to 2.4% RewardCash rebate all year round! Y9-U1-CAMH0206/FOD/E How to earn up to 2.4% RewardCash rebate Lifestyle Department Stores AEON, AEON STYLE, AEON SUPERMARKET, AEONBODY, APiTA, Bento Express by Simply allocate your extra 5X RewardCash multiplier to a single frequently used spending category in the “Red AEON, Chinese Arts & Crafts, Citistore, La Bohéme Bakery, Living PLAZA by AEON, Hot Rewards of Your Choice” programme.
  • Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’S Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order

    Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’S Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order

    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Center for Advanced Research in Global CARGC Papers Communication (CARGC) 4-2020 Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’s Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order Stanislav Budnitsky University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/cargc_papers Part of the Communication Commons, International Relations Commons, and the Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Budnitsky, Stanislav, "Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’s Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order" (2020). CARGC Papers. 13. https://repository.upenn.edu/cargc_papers/13 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/cargc_papers/13 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’s Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order Description CARGC Paper 13, “Toward a Cultural Framework of Internet Governance: Russia’s Great Power Identity and the Quest for a Multipolar Digital Order,” by CARGC Postdoctoral Fellow Stanislav Budnitsky was initially delivered as a CARGC Colloquium in 2018. As part of Budnitsky’s larger research project on the relationship between nationalism and global internet governance, CARGC Paper 13 considers the cultural logics underlying Russia’s global internet governance agenda. It argues that to understand Russia’s digital vision in the early twenty-first century and, by extension, the dynamics of global internet politics writ large, scholars must incorporate Russia’s historic self-identification as a great power into their analyses.
  • 2017 BRICS Xiamen Summit Compliance Report

    2017 BRICS Xiamen Summit Compliance Report

    2017 BRICS Xiamen Summit Final Compliance Report 6 September 2017 to 5 July 2018 Prepared by Alissa Xinhe Wang, Angela Minyi Hou, Brittaney Warren and the University oF Toronto BRICS Research Group and Irina Popova, Andey Shelepov, Andrei Sakharov and Alexander Ignatov and the Center For International Institutions Research oF the Russian Presidential Academy oF National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow 23 July 2018 2017 BRICS Xiamen Summit Final Compliance Report Contents Research Team .................................................................................................................................................... 3 University of Toronto Research Team ....................................................................................................... 3 Country Specialists .................................................................................................................................... 3 Compliance Analysts ................................................................................................................................ 3 RANEPA Research Team ............................................................................................................................ 3 Compliance Analysts ................................................................................................................................ 3 Preface ..................................................................................................................................................................