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A Semiannual Journal of Research Devoted to Helminthology and All Branches of Parasitology

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A Semiannual Journal of Research Devoted to Helminthology and All Branches of Parasitology A semiannual journal of research devoted to Helminthology and all branches of Parasitology Supported in part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund LYONS, E. T., S. C. TOLLIVER, J. H. DRUDGE, D. E. GRANSTROM, AND S. STAM- , 'PER. Activity of praziquantel against Anoplocephalaperfoliata (Cestoda) in horses 1 CAMPBELL, R. A. A new digenetic trematode, Gibsonia borealis sp. n. (Lepocreadiidae; v Lepidapedinae), parasitic in the rattail, Macrourus berglax from the Flemish Cap off Newfoundland . , .,<. ,......_.... L „ 5 LINDSAY, D. S., S..J. UPTON. B. L. BLAGBURN, M. TOIVIO-KINNUCAN, J. P. DUBEY/C. T. MCALLISTER, AND S. E. TRAUTH. /Demonstration that Sarcocystis montan- aensis has a speckled kingsnake-prairie vole life cycle ., 9 HUFFMAN, J. E., P. M. MURPHY, AND?B. FRIED. Superimposed infections in golden \s infected with Echinostoma capwrti andEchinostoma trivolvis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) ...u j .' 16 S, F. J. Zygocotyle lunata: Laboratory maintenance in snails and mice L...... ,22 . C., W. A. BOEGER, AND L. R. VAN EVERY. Neotropical Monogenoidea. • 1 l^Anacanthorus Mizelle and Price, 1965 (Dactylogyridae, Anacanthorinae) from characoid fishes of the central Amazon ,._...'.;„..!._ ;. -25 VAN EVERY, L. R. AND D. C. KRITSKY. Neotropical Monogenoidea. 18. Anacanthorus .Mizelle and Price, 1965 (Dactylogyridae, Anacanthorinae) of piranha (Characoi- dea, Serrasalmidae) from the \central Amazon, their phylogeny, and aspects of host-parasite coevolution ^...:....,....^..m:......:...... ,/ ___!£ ". :l...l ^...^ 52 AMIN, O. M. Cestoda from'lake fishes-in Wisconsin: The ecology and interspecific^ relationships of bothriocephalid cestodes in walleye, Stizostedion vitreum ..... J....... 76 KOGA, M. AND Y. ISHII. Surface topography of adults and eggs of Gnathostoma. •doloresi (Nematoda: Spirurida) from wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax) __ ( 83 - • (Continued on Outside Back Cover] ) Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON " .'" './ • !> ' : •: "•-- ' " " .-•'' ' • '-,•-.: THE SOCIETY meets once a month from October through May for the presentation and discussion of papers in any and all branches of parasitology or related sciences. All interested persons are invited to attend. < '.""' . ; Persons interested in ^membership in the Helminthological Society of Washington may obtain application blanks in recent issues of THE JOURNAL. A year's subscription to the Journal is included in the .annual dues. , OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1992 President: DAVID J. CHITWOOD , 7,-. Vice President: RUTH M. KULSTAD ; - 7 S-'i - -' ' Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer: JOAN E. JACKSON I' i •• - Recording Secretary: YUPIN CHAROENVIT Archivist/Librarian: PATRICIA A. PILITT Custodian of Back'Issues: J. RALPH LICHTENFELS , ' ,<"' Representative to the Washington Academy of Sciences: KENDALL G. POWERS Representative to the American Society of Parasitologists: ERIC P. HOBERG '.• Executive Committee Members-at-Large: MARK C. JENKINS, 1992 ! HYUN LILLEHOJ, 1992 -ERIC P. HOBERG. 1993 / - . EDWARD H. MICHELSON, 1993 ; '.'<•<• Immediate Past President: NANCY D. PACHECO v - THE JOURNAL OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTpN THE JOURNAL is published ^seniiannually at Lawrence, Kansas by the Helminthological Society of Washington. Papers need not be presented at a meeting to' be published ;in the Journal. MANUSCRIPTS should be sent .to the EDITOR, Ralph P. Eckgrlin, Natural Sciences Division, Northern Virginia/Community ^College,1 Annandale,VA 22003. Manuscripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and in finished form. The original and two copies are required. Photocopies of drawings /may be submitted for review purposes but glossy prints of halftones -are required; originals will be requested after, acceptance of the manuscript: Papers are accepted/with,the understanding that they will be published only in the Journal. v/ REPRINTS may be ordered from the PRINTER at the same time the corrected proof is returned "to the'EDITOR. ' ;_,•..'•• - ',/>•' , , Y,;\! '" f'-'•/'[<' ^.AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS to publication costs (currently $40/pg for members, actual cost/ pg currently $80, for inon-members),;will be billed by Allen Press and are payable to the SOCIETY. BACK VOLUMES of/the Journal are available. Inquiries concerning back volumes and 'current subscriptions should be directed to the business office. •'•V; ^"'" BUSINESS OFFICE. The Society's business office is at Lawrence, Kansas. All inquiries concerning subscriptions or back issues and all payments for dues,'subscriptions, and back issues should be addressed to: Helmintholog'ical Society of Washington, % Allen/Press, Inc., 104-1 New Harripshire St., - Lawrence, Kansas 66044, U.S.A. _ '/; EDITORIAL BOARD r 'RALPH P/lECKERLIN, Editor ,'' \ 1993i DANIEL R. 3ROOKS DWIGHT D. BOWMAN ROY C. ANDERSON _ ' '';! ERIC P. HOBERG RAYMOND H. FETTERER • RAYMOND M.,CABLE <\ GILBERT F. OT,TO WILLIAM F. FONT RONALD PAYER ROBIN M. OVERSTREET JOHN C. HOLMES A. MORGAN GOLDEN/ M^RY H. PRITCHARD J. RALPH LICHTENFELS SHERMAN S. HENDRIX ROBERT L.- RAUSCH JOHN S. MACKIEWICZ ROBIN N. HUETTEL HARLEY G. SHEFFIELD B'RENT B. .NICKOL •DANNY B. PENCE . l> , . DENNIS A. THONEY ,- VASSILIQS THEODORIDES JOSEPH F. URBAN /'-7 The;Helminthological Society of fWashingto^ 1992 • . ,y,V /' ' ISSN 1049-233X ! THIS PUBLICATION IS PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER. Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 59(1), 1992, pp. 1-4 Activity of Praziquantel Against Anoplocephala perfoliata (Cestoda) in Horses EUGENE T. LYONS, SHARON C. TOLLIVER, J. HAROLD DRUDGE, DAVID E. GRANSTROM, AND SHELBY STAMPER Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0099 ABSTRACT: Activity of praziquantel was evaluated against the tape-worm, Anoplocephala perfoliata, by a modified (24-hr) critical test method in 19 infected horses. The injectable formulation of the drug was administered by stomach tube (ST) or intraorally (IO). Removals were 89% to 100% (average of 98%) at 1.0 mg/kg (ST) (N = 6 horses), 100% at 1.0 mg/kg (IO) (N = 2 horses), and 82% to 100% (average of 91%) at 0.75 mg/kg (IO) (N = 11 horses). Toxicosis was not evident in any of the horses after treatment. KEY WORDS: praziquantel, efficacy, tapeworm, Anoplocephala perfoliata, horses. Anoplocephala perfoliata has been found in no apparent differences in prevalence of A. perfoliata over 50% of necropsied Thoroughbreds in Ken- by sex or age of the animals (Lyons et al., 1983, 1984). For the present investigation, 35 horses, 19 of which tucky in recent years (Drudge and Lyons, 1986). were infected with A. perfoliata at necropsy, were treat- This species of tapeworm is generally located in ed with praziquantel, 1 at a time as each was acquired, the cecum around the ileo-cecal junction. Var- between 15 February 1988 and 2 October 1990, in ious detrimental effects attributed to this parasite critical tests. The horses were cull animals, donated by include ulceration of the mucosa, edema, inflam- local farms because of physical problems, including leg deformities—several were wobblers. The majority of mation and blockage of the ileo-cecal opening, the horses were Thoroughbreds (TV = 32); others were rupture of the cecum, intussuception of the ileum Standardbreds (N = 2) and mixed lighthorse-type (TV and cecum, and ileal hyperplasia and hypertro- = 1). Sexes included 17 males (intact), 4 geldings, and phy (Beroza et al., 1986; Drudge and Lyons, 1986; 14 females. Ages varied from < 1 to 23 years; (< 1 year = 2 horses; 1 = 18; 2 = 3; 3 = 1; 5 = 1; 7 = 2; 13 = Edwards, 1986; Owen et al., 1989). 1; 14 = 1; 17/18 = 3; 20 = 2; 23 = 1). Currently, there are no drugs on the market in The critical test method (Hall, 1917; Hall et al., 1919; the U.S.A. labelled for removal of tapeworms in Moskey and Harwood, 1941; Drudge and Lyons, 1977) horses. Reports have indicated that pyrantel pa- is commonly used to determine efficacy of compounds moate, which is commercially available as a ne- against internal parasites of animals, particularly hors- es. Each animal serves as its own control. Typically, a matocide, is efficacious, but activity is variable count is made of parasites passed in the feces for several against A. perfoliata at the single (6.6 mg base/ days after treatment and of those remaining inside the kg) and double (13.2 mg base/kg) dose rates (Ly- animal at necropsy to obtain the total number present ons et al., 1974, 1986, 1989; Slocombe, 1979). at the time of treatment. From these data, efficacies The purpose of the present study was to de- are calculated. In the present investigation, a modification (Todd termine the efficacy of praziquantel against nat- and Brown, 1952; Lyons etal., 1986, 1989) of the basic ural infections of A. perfoliata in horses. critical test was used. Equids were euthanatized at 24 hr after treatment. Feces were not examined during Materials and Methods this short posttreatment period. Details of this critical test modification have been described in 2 publications Techniques are deficient in detecting tapeworm eggs on evaluation of activity of pyrantel pamoate on A. (Figs. 1-4) in feces of horses. For example, in 2 studies perfoliata (Lyons et al., 1986, 1989). In these publi- (Lyons et al., 1983, 1984) on dead Thoroughbreds, A. cations, mention is made that 1 advantage of this quick perfoliata eggs were found in feces by flotation with test is that horses are examined soon enough (24 hr) saturated NaCl in 3% of the
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