Page 16 | Nah gah chi wa nong • Di bah ji mowin nan |July 2018

Ashi-niswi giizisoog (Thirteen Moons)

The new Aabita-Niibino-giizis, Mid-summer moon, begins July 13th. Other names for this moon are Aabita-Niibino-giizis Miini-giizis, Blueberry Moon; Miskomini-giizis, Raspberry moon and Baashkawe’o-giizis, Flying moon. Mikwendaagoziwag Memorial at Sandy Lake-We Remember Them

ne hundred and Upper , the United generally included cash, food, a large, concentrated Indian refused to abandon their fifty years after the States made Treaties with the and everyday utility items. population. Territorial Governor homes. OSandy Lake tragedy, (Chippewa) of the Lake Five years later, Ojibwe and Superintendent of Indian the descendants of the 1850 Superior region to gain access headmen and government Affairs in , Alexander The Tragedy of 1850-51 annuity Bands gathered to the land and the natural representatives agreed upon Ramsey, worked with other President Taylor's removal to dedicate a memorial to resources. a 10-million-acre land cession officials to remove the Ojibwe order had failed. Nevertheless, those who suffered and died. Dominated by massive pine that included portions of from their homes in Ramsey and Indian Sub-agent Perched on a glacial mound forests, wetlands, and rugged northern Wisconsin and and Upper Michigan to Sandy John Watrous had a scheme overlooking Sandy Lake, the terrain, there was little interest Upper Michigan. The Treaty Lake, known to the Ojibwe to lure these Ojibwe into Mikwendaagoziwag Memorial from white Americans in opened the south shore of as Gaamiitawangagaamag. Minnesota and trap them is situated near the resting settling this region. United to lumberjacks, The flow of annuity money there over the winter. They places of the Ojibwe of 1850. States leaders, however, along with iron and copper and government aid to build informed Band members that The memorial stands as a sought raw materials like miners. Similar to the previous Indian schools, agencies, and the Treaty annuity distribution tribute and invites visitors to timber, copper, and iron ore 1837 arrangement, the 1842 farms would create wealth for site had changed from La reflect on the past. to fuel western expansion and Treaty guaranteed the Ojibwe's Ramsey and his supporters Pointe to Sandy Lake, some The following 12 Tribes, as engaged Indian leaders to push hunting, fishing, and gathering in Minnesota. Pressured by 285 canoe miles to the west. modern–day successors to the for land acquisitions. rights and promised annuity Ramsey and others, United If the Ojibwe hoped to receive 1850 annuity Bands, helped to In 1837, Ojibwe Chiefs and distributions. States President anything that year, they were design and fund the memorial: government officials met near issued an executive order in instructed to be at Sandy Lake Minnesota: Fond du Lac Band, present-day St. Paul, resulting Attempted Removal to February 1850 that sought to by October 25, 1850. While Grand Portage Band, Leech in the sale, or cession, of 13 Minnesota move Ojibwe Indians living Band members from Michigan Lake Band, Mille Lacs Band; million acres in east-central Most Wisconsin and Upper east of the to and some eastern reaches of Michigan: Keweenaw Bay Minnesota and northern Michigan Ojibwe Bands, their un-ceded lands. Initially Wisconsin refused to travel Indian Community, Lac Vieux Wisconsin. The transaction which negotiated the 1837 stunned by the breach of the with winter fast approaching, Desert Band; Wisconsin: Bad was contingent on the Ojibwe and 1842 Treaties, received 1837 and 1842 Treaty terms, more than 5,500 Ojibwe River Band, Lac Courte Oreilles retaining rights to hunt, fish, their annuities by early Ojibwe leaders recognized journeyed to Sandy Lake that Band, Lac du Flambeau Band, and gather on the newly autumn at La Pointe on that the removal order clearly autumn. They arrived fatigued Red Cliff Band, St. Croix Band, ceded territory. These reserved Madeline Island–a cultural violated their agreement with and hungry after the arduous Sokaogon Band rights are commonly called and spiritual center for Ojibwe the . Soon, a journey, only to find no one "Treaty Rights." An additional people. Some government broad coalition of supporters– there to distribute the supplies. Timber, Minerals, and provision to the Treaty officials in the Minnesota missionary groups, newspaper Wild game was scarce, fishing Treaties required the United States to Territory, however, wanted editors, businessmen, and was poor, and high water had Recognizing indigenous make annual payments called the distribution site moved Wisconsin state legislators– wiped out the local Bands as sovereign nations in annuities to Band members for out of Wisconsin in order to rallied to oppose the removal crop for the second consecutive Minnesota, Wisconsin, and 25 years. Annuity payments reap the economic benefits of effort, and Band members year. For the weary travelers

Sign up to the 13 Moons listserv for the latest information on workshops and This page addresses culture, ecology, and natural resource management. events by emailing [email protected] Thirteen Moons is the Fond du Lac Tribal College Extension Program and is a collaboration of Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, Fond du Lac Don’t forget to check us out on Facebook! 13 Moons Ashi niswi giizisoog Resource Management, funded by the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture. July 2018 | Nah gah chi wa nong • Di bah ji mowin nan | Page 17

Ashi-niswi giizisoog (Thirteen Moons) and those Ojibwe who resided at Sandy President agreed to Lake, living conditions deteriorated rescind the removal order and pledged rapidly. Over a six-week period as harsh that overdue and future annuities winter conditions set in, Band members would be made at La Pointe. Two years waited near the newly established later when the United States sought Indian sub–agency. Without adequate Ojibwe land in Minnesota's Arrowhead food or shelter, disease and exposure region, the Ojibwe of the Lake Superior ravaged Ojibwe families. More than 150 region agreed to cede more territory in died at Sandy Lake from complications exchange for permanent Reservations caused by dysentery and the measles. in Upper Michigan and Wisconsin A partial annuity payment was finally through the Treaty of 1854. Driven by completed on December 2, providing the the events at Sandy Lake and a love Ojibwe with a meager three-day food for the homeland and graves of their supply and no cash to buy desperately forefathers, these Ojibwe were resolved needed provisions. The following day to stay in their traditional villages. most of the Ojibwe broke camp, while a few people stayed behind to care for Ceded Lands in the 21st Century those too ill to travel. With the canoe Few American Indian Tribes routes frozen and over a foot of snow on successfully reserved hunting, fishing, the ground, families walked hundreds and gathering rights on land they of miles to get back home. Another 250 ceded. Only those Ojibwe Tribes who died on that bitter trail, and the Ojibwe participated in the 1837, 1842, and vowed never to abandon their villages 1854 treaties retain those rights to in Wisconsin and Upper Michigan for harvest natural resources in Michigan, Sandy Lake. Wisconsin, and Minnesota as recognized by federal courts. Ojibwe Indians The Sandy Lake Legacy continue to hunt, fish, and harvest In the years following the Sandy wild plants within the ceded territory Lake tragedy, Ojibwe Bands and their boundaries. With the assistance of non-Indian supporters vigorously intertribal agencies like the Great Lakes opposed further attempts at removal Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission, from Wisconsin and Upper Michigan. Ojibwe Tribes co-manage these natural Newspaper editors and missionaries resources with states and the federal rallied public support for the Ojibwe. government. Ramsey and Watrous tried again to bring the Bands to Sandy Lake in 1851, but This article was printed from permission were rebuffed by survivors who called from GLIFWC: http://www.glifwc.org/ the annuity payment site a "graveyard." publications/pdf/SandyLake_Brochure. A delegation of Ojibwe chiefs and pdf headmen traveled to Washington, D.C. in the spring of 1852 to protest Ramsey's This year’s Sandy Lake Memorial will removal efforts and the needless be held on July 25th, 2018 at the public suffering that occurred at Sandy Lake. access on the east end of Led by Chief Buffalo of La Pointe, off County Road 14, also known as Lake who was well into his 90s, the Ojibwe Avenue. requested an official end to removal efforts. After meeting with Tribal leaders, Page 18 | Nah gah chi wa nong • Di bah ji mowin nan | July 2018 Ashi-niswi giizisoog (Thirteen Moons) July 2018 | Nah gah chi wa nong • Di bah ji mowin nan | Page 19 Ashi-niswi giizisoog Ojibwemowin Page

Anishinaabemowin Lessons Basic Ojibwe words and phrases: Double Vowel Chart Questions This is how to pronounce Ojibwe words. Do you know him/her?- Gigikenimaa ina? All consonants sound the same as in English. Do you remember?- Gimikwenden ina? How are you?- Aaniin ezhi-ayaayan? “Zh”- sounds like the “su” in measure How is it outside(what is the weather like)?- Aaniin ezhiwebak agwajiing? “a”- sounds like the “u” in sun How old are you?- Aaniin endaso-biboonagiziyan? “aa”- sounds like the “a” in father What are you called(name)?- Aaniin ezhinikaazoyan? “i”- sounds like the “i” in sit Where are you from?- Aandi wenjibaayan? “ii”- sounds like the “ee” in feet Where are you going?- Aandi ezhaayan? “o”- sounds like the “o” in go Source: Source: www.ojibwe.org/home/pdf/ojibwe_beginner_dictionary.pdf “oo”- sounds like the “oo” in food “e”- sounds like the “ay” in stay

Ashi-niswi giizisoog BIGADA'WAA WORD SEARCH Find the Ojibwe words in the puzzle below

Inaakonigewin a law, a ruling, an agreement

Mikwendaagoziwag We remember them

Agaaming On the other side of a body of water

Agaaming inakwazhiwen Paddle across the lake

Noojitoon Seek, go after, hunt it

Bagidawewin Fishing using a net

Maamigin Collect them together, gather them

Jimmaan Canoe

6 out of 8 words are in this puzzle