A Study Guide For
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A Study Guide for Written by William Shakespeare Directed by Gordon Reinhart Presented by Shakespearience a program of the Idaho Shakespeare Festival 2 table of contents Section one: WELCOME! Section three: AFTER THE SHOW Special thanks……………………………………….….pg 4 Activity: Breaking News!...................................pg 18 Using this study guide…………………………….….pg 4 Activity: Character Comparison…………………...pg 19 About the Idaho Shakespeare Festival…….….pg 5 Activity: Shakespearean Shorts…………..…..….pg 20 A note from the director……………………..……...pg 5 Activity: Sound Check………………………...………pg 21 Activity: Exploring Hamlet…………………………...pg 22 Theme: Mortality………………….....…………….…..pg 22 Section two: BEFORE THE SHOW Theme: Misogyny………………………………………..pg 22 Meet the Cast……………………………………………..pg 6 Activity: Art of the Insult…………………………...…pg 23 About WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.…………………..pg 7 Activity: #2Borno2B………….………………………..pg 24 Hamlet Synopsis………….…………………………....pg 8 Activity: Think Like a Critic……………………….....pg 25 Character Connections…………………………….…pg 9 Theme: Parent/Child Conflict……………………...pg 25 Did You Know? Facts.......................................pg10 Activity: “the play’s the thing”……….…….……...pg 11 Discuss: Popularity of Hamlet…………...…..……pg 11 Section four: APPENDIX Vocabulary Words…………………………………..….pg 12 Resources…………………………………………………..pg 26 Activity: Word Search.…………………………………pg 13 Suggested viewing/reading.………..………….…..pg 26 Activity: The 15-Minute Play……………………….pg 14-17 End Quote…………………………………………………..pg 27 Festival History…….……………………………………..pg 28 3 welcome! A Very Special Thank You! Using This Guide... Dear Teachers, As a part of Idaho Shakespeare Festival’s educational programming, Shakespearience performances have Welcome to the Shakespearience study guide for Hamlet! enriched the lives of well over one million students and This collection of materials has been designed to expand your teachers since 1981 with productions that convey the students’ engagement with the performance as well as provide unique and impactful voice of theater arts. The magic of back ground knowledge on William Shakespeare and the in- this art form is brought to schools across the State of fluential literature he wrote. Idaho each Winter/Spring semester with assistance This resource includes a range of information, discussion top- from a generous group of underwriters: ics, and activities that can stand on their own or serve as build- ing blocks for a larger unit. The activities are designed to be Idaho Commission on the Arts mixed, matched and modified to suit the needs of your partic- Idaho Humanities Council and National Endowment for ular students. the Humanities Inside, you’ll find activities to share with your students both Laura Moore Cunningham Foundation before the show and after the show, indicated by headings at Idaho Community Foundation and the following funds: the top of the page. These are designed to help focus your stu- o Children’s Charities of Idaho, Unrestricted Southwest dents’ engagement with the performance by giving them spe- Region cific themes to watch out for, as well as topics for discussion o F.M., Anne G. & Beverly B. Bistline Philanthropic Fund following the performance. Each activity is designed to meet o James A. Pinney Memorial Fund Idaho Standards of Education to foster critical thinking and o Statewide Education Philanthropic Gift Fund problem solving skills. Wells Fargo We encourage you and your students to share your thoughts Idaho Power Foundation with us! Any of the artwork or activities your students send The Whittenberger Foundation will be shared with the artists who created Hamlet, and any feedback from you will help to improve our study guides for Target future audiences! Our mailing address is located on page 25. Thank you so much! 4 before the show About Our Education Programs: A Note From the Director... Hamlet by William Shakespeare would be a very short tale The Idaho Shakespeare Festival has become an integral were it not for one thing: the hero’s conscience. The Ghost of part of arts education throughout Idaho. The Festival’s Hamlet’s dead father tells him that he was murdered, who did annual Shakespearience tour brings live theater to more it, and that Hamlet must avenge his father’s murder. Many than 25,000 high-school students in more than 50 modern stories have this essential premise, where Idaho communities each year. Since it began touring in vengeance equals justice and courage and so it is 1986, Shakespearience has enriched the lives of nearly unquestioned. Soon the bullets are flying from the hero’s gun and from his clear conscience, but does vengeance equal 500,000 students. justice? Does it equal courage? Is it the right thing to do? In 1999, the Festival assumed the operations of Idaho In Hamlet, Shakespeare explores the knotty problem of how Theater for Youth. This alliance has more than doubled to fight evil without becoming evil. Claudius feels justified in the Festival’s annual educational programming, killing his brother, the king and Hamlet’s father, for the power resulting in the Festival becoming the largest provider of to lead a Christian empire. Hamlet is charged to avenge this murder of his father by murdering his uncle to restore professional, performing arts outreach in the state of justice. The battle between these two, Claudius and Hamlet, Idaho. In addition to the statewide Idaho Theater for plays out in the royal court of Denmark but more importantly Youth school tour, which brings professional in each man’s stormy conscience. It is literally a battle productions to nearly 30,000 students in grades K-6 between heaven and hell. across Idaho, the Festival oversees year-round School of Both men struggle with eternal questions: “Does hesitation Theater programs. This series of classes in acting, make me a coward?” “Is redemption possible after playwriting and production, for students of all ages, murder?” In the end, Claudius opts to pursue his original enrolls over 300 Treasure Valley students each year, course: murder to maintain power; but Hamlet arrives at a very different place, articulated in his littlest speech, a few and includes our one-of-a-kind Apprentice Company. words near the end about the ‘fall of a sparrow’ (which Look for upcoming student productions throughout the references the book of Mathew) when he determines that to summer, fall and spring. “Let be” is a better strategy than being obsessed with “to be or not to be” and taking up arms. Honoring, rather than For more information on any of the Festival’s fighting your conscience is a better state than chaotic action educational activities, please contact the Education in service of a call to avenge one murder with Manager at the Festival offices or by email at another. Hamlet finally let’s his conscience – not the Ghost of [email protected]. his father – guide him and it takes him to a perfect, though tragic, end. -Gordon 5 before the show the cast of Hamlet meet the artists! Rod O’Toole Tess Gregg Laertes Ophelia Dakotah Brown Hamlet Chris Canfield Claudius Sasha Allen-Grieve Rod Wolfe Queen Gertrude Polonius 6 before the show The Life and Times of William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in April 1564 in the town of Stratford-upon-Avon, on England’s Avon River. Because of poor record-keeping in small towns, his exact day of birth is unknown; it is traditionally celebrated on April 23rd. When he was eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway (who was 26 at the time). The couple had three children, one of whom died of the plague in childhood. The bulk of Shakespeare’s working life was spent in London. He enjoyed success not only as a play- wright, but also as an actor and shareholder in the acting company, Lord Chamberlain’s Men (later known as the King’s Men). In 1593 Shakespeare became a published poet; at the time theaters had been closed due to the plague, a contagious epidemic disease that devastated the population of London. He wrote many of his plays on English history as well as several comedies and at least two tragedies (Titus Andronicus and Romeo and Juliet). It is assumed that Shakespeare’s sonnets were also written during the 1590s. When the theaters reopened in 1594, Shakespeare continued his career as an actor, playwright, and acting company shareholder. His career would span over the next twenty years. Though there is certainly a In 1599, Lord Chamberlain’s Men built a theater for themselves across the river from London, naming it standard depiction of his ap- The Globe. The plays that are considered by many to be Shakespeare’s major tragedies (Hamlet, Othello, pearance, no portrait of Shake- King Lear, and Macbeth) were written while the company was residing in this theater, as were such comedies speare was ever produced while as Twelfth Night and Measure for Measure. Many of Shakespeare’s plays were performed at court (both for he was alive; this mysterious Queen Elizabeth I and her successor King James I), some were presented at the Inns of Court (the residencies fact adds to the theory that of London’s legal societies), and some were doubtless performed in other towns, at the universities, and at Shakespeare may have not been great houses when the acting company went on tour. the artist behind his plays. Between 1608 and 1612, Shakespeare wrote several plays — among them The Winter’s Tale and The Tempest — presumably for the company’s new indoor Blackfriars theater, though the plays seem to have been performed at the Globe and at court as well. Shakespeare wrote very little after 1612, widely thought to be the year he wrote King Henry VIII. It was during a performance of Henry VIII in 1613 that the Globe theater caught fire and burned to the ground. Shakespeare retired from the stage sometime between 1610 and 1613 and returned to Stratford, where he died on April 23rd, 1616. Until the 18th Century, Shakespeare was generally thought to have been no more than a simple, rough and untutored genius.