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Activity Pack 3 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AGED YEARS OLD 11-16 1 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION Discrimination started as soon as Hitler became Chancellor in 1933 and got progressively worse… April 1933 January 1934 Jews banned from All Jewish shops any sports clubs marked with a yellow star or the word ‘Juden’ September 1933 September 1935 Race studies Marriages between introduced Jews and Aryans were banned April 1939 August 1938 Jews could be Male Jews had to evicted from their add the name homes ‘Israel’ and females September 1939 November 1938 the name ‘Sarah to Jews were not Jewish children their names allowed out of their banned from school homes after 8pm ACTIVITY What was happening to younger children? Read the information and create a teaching aid/mind map or poster that you could use to explain what was happening to younger children. 2 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION PERSECUTION OF OTHER GROUPS IN GERMANY BETWEEN 19331933----39393939 Hitler was determined to crush anyone that didn’t fully support him. He formed the “GestapoGestapoGestapo” the secret police who hunted out anyone who might be against Hitler. They had the power to ar- rest or imprison anyone who might be against Hit- ler without a trial. Children were encouraged to report their teachers or parents if they made negative comments about the “Fuhrer”. By 1939 there were over 100,000 people in prisons for “Anti-Hitler crimes”. These people were known as “enemies of the state”. Hitler wanted a pure society that was not corrupt. Tramps, prostitutes and gay peo- ple would be put in prisons (also known as concentration camps). He believed that these people were destroying Germany. Hitler also believed that disabled or people with mental health problems should be destroyed as they damaged the strength of the German race as they would pass on their disabilities to their children. 300,000 men and women were sterilised (which meant that they could not have children) and hundreds of thousands of people were killed due to their illnesses. 3 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION PERSECUTION OF JEWS IN GERMANY Hitler believed that mankind was divided into races and that some races were superior to others. He felt that the superior race was the “AryanAryanAryan” race which was European of Anglo- Saxon origin. He felt that mixed race relationships “dirtied” the Aryan race. Races he believed should be de- stroyed were black people, gyp- sies, Russians and especially Between 1933-39 Hitler persecuted the Jews in particular. He did not start to trans- port Jews in mass to concentration camps until 1939 though. He was aware of what other countries would think. Instead Hitler made life as uncomfortable as possible for the Jewish in the hope that they would leave (but they had to pay a fine to leave. Jews were humiliated in schools where they would be picked on and violence against Jews was encouraged… signs such as “Jews enter at their own risk” were common in Germany. 4 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION PERSECUTION OF JEWS IN GERMANY Hitler also introduced a series of laws designed to make life as uncomfortable as possible for Jews. In 1935, Hitler an- In 1935, Hitler nounced that all banned the mar- Jewish people had riages between to wear the yellow Jews and Aryans Star of David In 1934 there was a boycott on all Jewish shops and SA guards stood outside stopping people from shopping there. By 1938 all Jews were sacked from their jobs and all children were banned from schools. All Jewish males had to add the name Israel to their first names and all females had to add the name Sarah and in 1939 all Jews could be evicted from their homes for no reason and were not allowed out of their homes after 8pm. By 1941 80% of German Jews had left the country. By 1945 Hitler had overseen the murder of 6 million Jewish people including 1.5 million children. 5 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION GHETTOIZATION The next step in Hitler’s plan was to forcibly separate the Jews from the Germans He began to order areas of cities and towns to be walled off – and demanded all the Jews be moved into those areas. Jews were not allowed to leave the Ghettos. Food was in very short supply. Jews were often not given much notice, and were forced to leave their homes; often to then find themselves shar- ing a cramped flat in derelict condition. 6 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION GHETTOIZATION ACTIVITY 1. What can you see happening in the images? 2. What do you think the people are trying to do? Jews stand in line with the possessions they can carry during their relocation to the War- saw ghetto in late 1940. They will be searched by the be- fore entry into the ghetto, to ensure they are not smuggling any- thing forbidden inside. TASK: Discuss what you would have taken into a ghetto had you been deported to one. 7 HOME LEARNING ACTIVITY PACK 3 NAZI PERSECUTION LIFE IN THE GHETTOS "I am hungry. I am cold. When I grow up I want to be German, and then I will no longer be hun- gry or cold," a child wrote in her diary. Many Jews starved to death in the Ghettos. Jews tried to sneak the food in, but if they Babies and children wasted away and died. were caught they were killed on the spot. Adults fought over a raw potato, and many The Nazis gave Jews very little food. At its children – like the ones in the previous very best, it was no more than 1,100 calo- photo – risked their lives to try to smuggle a ries a day. At its worst they’d only get small amount of food which would feed about 350 calories a day, sometimes only their whole family. 220 calories. 8 .
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