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Egyptian Electricity Authority Arab Republic of Egypt FINAL REPORT OF THE OFFICE OF ENERGY AND INFRASTRUCmW BUREAU FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND CAIRO MISSION, UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPhIE,hTT Prepared for: MINISTRY OF ELECTRICITY AND ENERGY Egyptian Electricity Authority Arab Republic of Egypt POLICY REFORM AND INSTI'IZTTIONAL DEVELOPMEllrvT ASSESSMENT FOR COMPETITIVE MARKET ADAPTATION OF THE EGYPTIAN POWER SECTOR VOLUME I: EGYPTIAN ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY Prepared by: K&M ENGINEERING AND CONSULTING CORPORATION 2001 L Street, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, D.C. 20036 December 15, 1993 FINAL REPORT OF THE POLICY REFORM AND INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT FOR COMPETITIVE MARKET ADAPTATION OF THE EGYPTIAN ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR VOLUME I: EGYPTIAN ELECTRIC AUTHORITY GLOSSARY . AND SECTION A GENERAL ACRONYMS ABBREVIATIONS ........... xii... SECTION B .TECHNICAL ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ......... xlll 1 PART I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................. 1-1 PART I1 PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ..................1 . 11 2 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 2.1 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY .................. 2-2 2.1.1 GeneralRequirements ............................ 2-2 2.1.1.1 Review of Existing Laws. Policies. Procedures and Regulations ...............................2-2 2.1.2 Technical and Financial Information ................... 2-4 2.1.2.1 Demand and Energy Growth .................. 2-4 2.1.2.2 Generation ............................. 2-4 2.1.2.3 Transmission ............................ 2-5 2.1.3 Energy Pricing (Tariffs) ........................... 2-5 2.1.4 Real Property Ownership .......................... 2-5 2.1.5 Accounting Procedures and Systems ................... 2-5 2.1.6 Review of Existing Organizational Structures and Operations .... 2-6 2.1.7 Review of Previously Prepared Studies .................. 2-6 2.1.8 Recommendations ............................... 2-6 2.1.9 Methodology .................................. 2-7 2.1.10 Performance Schedule ............................ 2-9 2.2 INFORMATION REQUESTED ...........................2-12 2.2.1 Representative Plants to be Reviewed ...................2-16 2.3 PROJECT TEAM AND COUNTERPARTS .................... 2- 17 Page 3 OVERVIEW OF THE EGYPTIAN ELECTRIC POWER SECTOR 3.1 SECTOR BACKGROUND .............................. 3-1 3.1.1 Priorto1948 ................................. 3-1 3.1.2 From 1948 to 1956 .............................. 3-1 3.1.3 From 1956 to 1976 .............................. 3-1 3.1.3.1 The Egyptian General Authority for the Production and Transmission of Energy .................. 3-2 3.1.3.2 The Egyptian General Authority for Electricity ....... 3-2 3.1.4 From 1976 to Present ............................ 3-2 3.1.4.1 The Egyptian Electricity Authority ............... 3-2 3.1.4.2 The Nuclear Power Plant Authority .............. 3-3 3.1.4.3 The Kattara Depression Project Authority .......... 3-3 3.1.4.4 The New and Renewable Energy Authority ......... 3-3 3.1.5 EvolutionoftheElectricPower Sector inEgypt ............ 3-3 3.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND ROLES ................ 3-4 3.2.1 Overview ....................................3-4 4 LEGAL ISSUES 4.1 CURRENT STATUS .................................. 4-1 4.2 LISTOFLAWSREVIEWED ............................ 4-1 4.3 OPTIONS FOR LEGAL FRAMEWORK RESTRUCTURING ........ 4-2 4.3.1 Option 1: Allow EEA to Operate on Commercial Basis ........ 4-2 4.3.1.1 Practical Possibility ........................ 4-3 4.3.1.2 Advantages of Option 1 ..................... 4-3 4.3.2 Option 2: Restructure Power Sector to Conform with Law 203 of 199#-3 4.3.2.1 Practical Possibility ........................ 4-3 4.3.2.2 Advantages of Option 2 ..................... 4-4 4.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK .......................... 4-5 4.4.1 The Need For Regulation .......................... 4-5 4.4.2 Traditional Utility Regulation ........................ 4-6 4.4.2.1 The Regulatory Board and its Primary Responsibilities . 4-6 4.4.2.2 How Regulators Set Rates .................... 4-7 4.4.2.3 Current Efforts to Reform Traditional Regulation ...... 4-8 4.4.3 Performance Regulation ...........................4-10 4.4.3.1 How Performance Regulation Works .............4-10 4.4.3.2 Use of Negotiated Performance Agreements ......... 4-10 4.4.4 A Conceptual Framework for Utility Regulation in Egypt ...... 4-12 4.4.4.1 The Independence of Egypts' Regulatory Board .......4-12 4.4.4.2 The Functions of Egypt's Regulatory Board ......... 4-13 4.4.4.3 The Principles, Policies, and Process of Egypt's Regulatory Board ...................4-15 4.4.5 Framing the Policy Debate .........................4-16 Page 4.5 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS .....................4. 19 4.5.1 EEA Charter ..................................4. 19 4.5.2 Regulatory Framework ............................4-19 5 MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION 5.1 PRESENT ORGANIZATION ............................ 5-1 5.1.1 Board of Directors ............................... 5-1 5.1.2 Management Structure ............................. 5-2 5.2 MANAGEMENT STYLE AND REPORTING PROCEDURES ........ 5-4 5.3 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ..................... 5-6 5.3.1 Overview .................................... 5-6 5.3.2 Personnel Policies ............................... 5-7 5.3.2.1 Appointment to Senior Positions ................5-11 5.3.2.2 Promotion ..............................5-11 5.3.3 Compensation ..................................5-12 5.3.4 Training .................................... 5.14 5.3.4.1 Cairo-North Training Center for Electrical and Mechanical Power .....................5-14 5.3.4.2 The Cairo-South Training Institute ...............5-14 5.3.4.3 The Abu Quir Training Center .................5-15 5.3.4.4 The Financial and Administrative Training Center (FATC) 5-23 5.4 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS ..................5-23 5.5 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS ..................... 5-29 6 THERMAL AND HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION 6.1 THERMAL GENERATION ............................. 6-1 6.1.1 Operational Parameters ........................... 6-1 6.1.2 Reliability ................................... 6-5 6.1.3 Plant Wiciencies and Fuel Consumption ................. 6-6 6.1.4 MaintenanceIPreventive MaintenanceISpare Parts ........... 6-9 6.1.5 Current Maintenance Systems Management at EEA .......... 6-11 6.1.6 Plant Staffmg/Personnel ...........................6-14 6.1.7 Plant Personnel Training ..........................6-16 6.1.8 Fuel kurement ...............................6-18 6.1.9 Characteristics of Fuels ...........................6-18 6.1.10 Automatic Generation Control for Generation Plants .........6-22 6.1.1 1 Demand Side Management .........................6-22 6.1.12 Environmental Issues .............................6-23 6.2 HYDROELECTRIC GENERATION ........................6.24 6.2.1 Operational Parameters ...........................6-25 6.2.2 Operational Constraints ...........................6-27 6.2.3 Reliability and Rehabilitations .......................6-27 6.2.4 Maintenance and Preventive Maintenance for Hydroelectric Plants . 6-28 6.2.5 Spare Pms for Hydroelectric Plants ...................6-28 6.3 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS .....................6-29 Supplement A - Comparison of Generation and Total Fuel Consumption ............................... 6-31 Supplement B .Design and Operating Conditions/Mazout Analyses .....6-33 Supplement C .Broad Elements of a Fuel Supply Agreement .........6-34 7 TRANSMlSSION SYSTEM 7.1 DESCRIPTION .................................... 7-1 7.2 TRANSMISSION PLANNING ............................ 7-2 7.3 EXPANSION OF THE 500 kV SYSTEM ..................... 7-3 7.4 EXPANSION OF THE 220 kV SYSTEM ..................... 7-4 7.5 EXPANSION OF THE 132 kV SYSTEM ..................... 7-4 7.6 EXPANSION OF THE 66 kV SYSTEM ...................... 7-4 7.7 DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 500 kV SYSTEM .......... 7-4 7.8 DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 220 kV SYSTEM .......... 7-5 7.9 DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 66 kV SYSTEM ........... 7-5 7.10 FORCWOUTAGES .................................7-6 7.1 1 RIGHT-OF-WAY OF TRANSMISSION LINES ................. 7-6 7.12 MAINTENANCE OF THE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM ............ 7-6 7.12.1 Transmission Line Maintenance ...................... 7-6 7.12.2 Other Transmission Equipment ....................... 7-8 7.13 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS ..................... 7-9 8 CUSTOMER SERVICE OPERATIONS 8.1 DESCRIPTION OF CUSTOMERS .........................8-1 8.2 LOSSES .................................... 8-2 8.2.1 Load Flow - Simulation ........................... 8-4 8.2.2 Load Flow .Transmission Lines Disconnected ............. 8-4 8.2.3 Metering Errors ................................ 8-4 8.2.4 Administrative Errors ............................ 8-5 8.2.5 Point Of Measurement ............................ 8-5 8.3 APPLICABLE TARIFFS ............................... 8-6 8.4 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS ..................... 8-7 9 EXPANSION PLANNING AND FORECASTING 9.1 INTRODUCTION ................................... 9-1 9.2 MODELS USED FOR FORECASTING ...................... 9-1 9.2.1 Economic Models ............................... 9-3 9.2.2 Load Profile Model ............................. 9-3 9.2.3 End-Use .................................... 9-3 9.2.4 Growth-Rate - Specific Consumption (GRSC) Model ......... 9-4 9.2.5 Regression Analysis for Time Series (RATS) .............. 9-4 9.3 METHODOLOGY USED FOR LOAD FORECASTING ............ 9-4 9.4 AN ASSESSMENT OF FORECASTING ..................... 9-7 9.4.1 Demand Side Management .........................9-11 9.5 METHODOLOGY FOR LEAST COST FORECASTING
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