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HUMAN DIMENSIONS of FRESHWATER MUSSELS in the TIPPECANOE RIVER Compilation Report

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HUMAN DIMENSIONS of FRESHWATER MUSSELS in the TIPPECANOE RIVER Compilation Report HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF FRESHWATER MUSSELS IN THE TIPPECANOE RIVER Compilation Report Prepared January 2017 by: Belyna Bentlage, Laura Esman, and Linda Prokopy Natural Resources Social Science Lab Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University The Natural Resources Social Science Lab studies how human interactions with the environment impact natural resources. Our research, teaching, and engagement activities focus on how to best motivate farmers, stakeholders, and citizens of all kinds to participate in more environmentally friendly behaviors and practices. For more information, please go to https://www.purdue.edu/fnr/prokopy Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgments............................................................................................................................ 3 In-Person Comparison Survey Report: 2014-2016 ............................................................................. 4 In-Person Survey Data Report 2014 ................................................................................................ 12 In-Person Survey Data Report 2016 ................................................................................................ 29 Mail Survey Comparison Data Report 2014-2016: All Cases ............................................................. 51 Mail Survey Comparison Data Report 2014-2016: Paired Cases ....................................................... 65 Mail Survey Data Report 2014: First Survey .................................................................................... 80 Mail Survey Data Report 2014: Second Survey .............................................................................. 131 Mail Survey Data Report: First and Second 2014 Surveys Combined .............................................. 173 Mail Survey Data Report 2016 ...................................................................................................... 183 Table of Contents: PDF Page Numbers NRSS Report to DNR 2014: Research (T7R16) ................................................................................ 249 NRSS Report to DNR 2014: Outreach and Education (E16R1) ......................................................... 252 NRSS Report to DNR 2015: Research (T7R16) ................................................................................ 254 NRSS Report to DNR 2015: Outreach and Education (E16R1) ......................................................... 257 In-Person Survey 2014 .................................................................................................................. 261 In-Person Survey 2016 .................................................................................................................... 51 In-Person Survey Materials ........................................................................................................... 264 Mail Survey: First 2014 Survey ...................................................................................................... 270 Mail Survey: Second 2014 Survey ................................................................................................. 282 Mail Survey: 2016 ........................................................................................................................ 294 2 Introduction In 2014, the Natural Resources Social Science (NRSS) Lab in Purdue University’s Department of Forestry and Natural Resources began a collaboration with the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR). The purpose of this collaboration was to design, implement, and evaluate an outreach and education program for six federally listed species of freshwater mussels in the Tippecanoe River. Under the guidance of Dr. Linda Prokopy, the NRSS Lab conducted social science research to better understand existing levels of awareness, attitudes, and behaviors related to the mussels before designing the outreach and education campaign. During the summer and fall months of 2014, visitors to the Tippecanoe River were approached and surveyed in-person and riparian landowners along the river received surveys in the mail. An outreach and education campaign was developed using data collected from these surveys, stakeholder input, and the principles of community-based social marketing. The campaign, named The Heart of the Tippy, launched in late summer of 2015. A second round of mailed and in-person surveys was conducted in 2016 to assess the effects of The Heart of the Tippy program. The following document serves as collection reports created by the NRSS Lab from 2014- 2016. This compilation contains data reports from 2014 and 2016, as well as comparison data reports between the two years. Appendices contain the surveys used to collect the data reported. NRSS reports to the DNR are also included in this compilation. Acknowledgments The NRSS Lab would like to thank Brant Fisher, nongame aquatic biologist with the Indiana DNR, Lori Pruitt of the USFWS Bloomington Field Office, Laura Esman, Lab Manager of the NRSS Lab, Dr. Rod Williams, Forestry and Natural Resources professor at Purdue University, Reuben Goforth, Forestry and Natural Resources professor at Purdue University, Tony Pawli, graphic design artist, Dawn Oliver, administrative assistant in Purdue University’s Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, and all undergraduate students and post-doctoral research associates from the NRSS Lab who assisted with research and outreach efforts. 3 In-Person Comparison Survey Report: 2014-2016 Prepared January 2017 by: Belyna Bentlage Linda Prokopy Natural Resources Social Science Lab Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University The Natural Resources Social Science Lab studies how human interactions with the environment impact natural resources. Our research, teaching, and engagement activities focus on how to best motivate farmers, stakeholders, and citizens of all kinds to participate in more environmentally friendly behaviors and practices. For more information, please go to https://www.purdue.edu/fnr/prokopy 4 Mussels In-Person Survey Results 2014-2016 I. Methods In-Person 2014: 387 surveys completed at 5 public access sites (PAS), 2 canoe liveries, and 2 parks 2016: 180 surveys completed at 4 public access sites (PAS), 3 canoe liveries, and 2 parks In-person surveys were conducted in 2014 to gather baseline data on visitors’ awareness and knowledge related to freshwater mussels in the Tippecanoe River. Information about recreational behavior was also collected. The in-person survey data gathered in 2014 helped to inform the Heart of the Tippy outreach and education campaign. To assess the potential impact of the campaign, in-person surveys were conducted again in 2016. The 2016 surveys included many of the same questions, plus additional questions about the outreach campaign. One of the sampling sites from 2014 (Menominee Public Access Site) was replaced with Riverside Canoes due to low numbers of visitors. At all sites, visitors were approached in an alternating method, starting with the person closest to the river. The following data report compares descriptive statistics from 2014 and 2016 surveys. Chi-square analysis resulted in significant differences for questions 5, 7, 9, and 10. P- values are reported below the questions. Survey guides from 2014 and 2016 are found in Appendix I and Appendix II, respectively. 5 Mussels In-Person Survey Results 2014-2016 II. Location of Surveys 2014 2016 Sampling Sites (N=387) (N=180) Haschel Bridge PAS 6% 2% Hodges Canoe Rental 5% 13% Riverside Canoe Rental NA 4% Menominee PAS 1% NA Norway Dam PAS 7% 17% Oakdale Dam PAS 16% 21% Pulaski PAS 3% 9% Tippy-Canoe Rentals 2% 9% Tippecanoe River State Park 24% 11% Winamac Town Park 36% 14% III. Recreation 1. Why did you come here today? 2014 2016 (N=387) (N=180) Canoeing/Kayaking 17% 25% Motorized Boating 2% 1% Fishing 20% 32% Swimming 0% 1% Wildlife Viewing 3% 0% Hiking 1% 0% Other 26% 54% “Other” answers to “Why did you come here today?” with at least two responses: 2014 2016 (N=387) (N=180) Floating/Tubing 10% 19% Camping 11% 6% 6 Mussels In-Person Survey Results 2014-2016 2. How many times per year do you visit the Tippecanoe River? 2014 2016 (N=387) (N=180) <1 33% 41% 2-3 17% 12% 4-6 10% 10% 7-12 5% 3% 12+ 34% 32% 3. In the past year, have you_________in the Tippecanoe River? 2014 2016 (N=387) (N=180) Motorized Boating 14% 12% Ridden a horse 1% 5% Ridden an ATV 4% 5% Canoed/Kayaked 27% 32% None 64% 58% 4. If Canoed/Kayaked: Do you carry your canoe/kayak across low water? 2014 2016 (n=102) (n=55) Never 27% 38% Rarely 13% 16% Sometimes 31% 26% Always 29% 20% 7 Mussels In-Person Survey Results 2014-2016 IV. Awareness and Behaviors: Mussels in the Tippecanoe River 5. (Show picture) Do you know what these animals are? Year n Yes No 2014 384 77% 23% 2016 178 94% 6% A higher percentage of respondents in 2016 said they knew what the animals were when presented with the question and image above than respondents in 2014. Differences in proportions by survey year were highly significant (p-value = 0.000001). 6. What are they? 2014 2016 (n=287) (n=165) Mussels 45% 52% Clam 40% 33% Shells/Seashells 6% 4% Mollusk 7% 8% Zebra Mussels 1% 2% Oyster 3% 4% Snails 1% 2% 8 Mussels In-Person Survey Results 2014-2016 7. Have you seen one of these in the Tippecanoe River? Year n Yes No 2014 379 49% 51% 2016 174 57% 43% A higher percentage of
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