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A Welcome to Issue Number 2 of Iron Cross by Lord Ashcroft
COLUMN A welcome to Issue Number 2 of Iron Cross by Lord Ashcroft am delighted to have been asked to write a welcome Germany was an empire of 25 “states”; four kingdoms, six to this the second issue of Iron Cross magazine and to grand duchies, seven principalities and three Hanseatic be able to commend this splendid publication to the free cities. reader as an important historical journal. It provides Most had their own armies, even though some were Ian honest and objective look at German military history extremely small, consisting of just a single infantry from 1914 to 1945 for the first time. regiment. In most cases, these armies were trained, Over the past 33 years, I have built up the world’s organised and equipped after the Prussian model. largest collection of Victoria Crosses, Britain and the Although in wartime, these armies fell under the control Commonwealth’s premier gallantry award for bravery of the Prussian General Staff, the creation and bestowal ■ A selection of German gallantry awards from the First World War: L to R, Prussian Iron Cross 2nd Class, Prussian Knight’s Cross of the Royal House Order in the face of the enemy. As such, I am now the humble of gallantry awards remained a privilege of the territorial of Hohenzollern with Swords, Military Merit Cross 2nd Class of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Hamburg Hanseatic Cross and Honour Cross of custodian of more than 200 VCs from a total of over lords and sovereigns of the Reich. The reality was that the World War. -
The War Years
1941 - 1945 George Northsea: The War Years by Steven Northsea April 28, 2015 George Northsea - The War Years 1941-42 George is listed in the 1941 East High Yearbook as Class of 1941 and his picture and the "senior" comments about him are below: We do know that he was living with his parents at 1223 15th Ave in Rockford, Illinois in 1941. The Rockford, Illinois city directory for 1941 lists him there and his occupation as a laborer. The Rockford City Directory of 1942 lists George at the same address and his occupation is now "Electrician." George says in a journal written in 1990, "I completed high school in January of 1942 (actually 1941), but graduation ceremony wasn't until June. In the meantime I went to Los Angeles, California. I tried a couple of times getting a job as I was only 17 years old. I finally went to work for Van De Camp restaurant and drive-in as a bus boy. 6 days a week, $20.00 a week and two meals a day. The waitresses pitched in each week from their tips for the bus boys. That was another 3 or 4 dollars a week. I was fortunate to find a garage apartment a few blocks from work - $3 a week. I spent about $1.00 on laundry and $2.00 on cigarettes. I saved money." (italics mine) "The first part of May, I quit my job to go back to Rockford (Illinois) for graduation. I hitch hiked 2000 miles in 4 days. I arrived at my family's house at 4:00 AM one morning. -
Air Force Achievement Medal Certificate
Air Force Achievement Medal Certificate Epicurean and ossicular Hermon still reseals his sulphonamides malapertly. Tippable Penny barbers or sanitises some impetration hideously, however Salique Marshal unravelled comparably or bum. Trachytic Hew never librated so confusedly or wracks any explanation leastwise. Sustained meritorious service medal, and observers for the united states department of the force achievement medal certificate is if they had to qualify for framing small arms Award certificates in achievement. Qualification and special skill badges may be accepted if awarded in recognition of meeting the criteria, as established by the foreign government concerned, for the specific award. Third Army overran their position could relieve them. The Certificates had to be exchanged for the Purple Heart. Create, design, and develop criteria for new awards and decorations. Each branch approve the United States Armed Forces issues its own version of the Commendation Medal, with a fifth version existing for acts of joint or service performed under any Department of Defense. Supply, arm, and requisition of medals and badges. Armed Forces who participates in or has participated in flights as a member of the crew of an aircraft flying to or from the Antarctic Continent in support of operations in Antarctica. Fairbain commando daggers points! Recommendation is assigned air. Creating folder and saving clipping. Members such a left active forces engaged in a meu elements or exemplary courage, inactive national personnel may. Meritorious Service Medal Citation Navy Writer. While the details of the crash when under investigation, MARSOC is providing all available resources and support to insulate family, friends and teammates of these Raiders as we therefore mourn this tragic loss significant life. -
United States Air Force and Its Antecedents Published and Printed Unit Histories
UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS PUBLISHED AND PRINTED UNIT HISTORIES A BIBLIOGRAPHY EXPANDED & REVISED EDITION compiled by James T. Controvich January 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERS User's Guide................................................................................................................................1 I. Named Commands .......................................................................................................................4 II. Numbered Air Forces ................................................................................................................ 20 III. Numbered Commands .............................................................................................................. 41 IV. Air Divisions ............................................................................................................................. 45 V. Wings ........................................................................................................................................ 49 VI. Groups ..................................................................................................................................... 69 VII. Squadrons..............................................................................................................................122 VIII. Aviation Engineers................................................................................................................ 179 IX. Womens Army Corps............................................................................................................ -
The Distinguished Flying Medal and the Air Force Medal, the Institution of Which Was Announced in the London Gazette of 3Rd June, 1918 (No
The Warrant set forth below is concerned with the establishment of the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Force Cross, the Distinguished Flying Medal and the Air Force Medal, the institution of which was announced in the London Gazette of 3rd June, 1918 (No. 30723, page 6533). Royal Warrant Instituting Decorations And Medals For The Royal Air Force. George R.I. GEORGE THE FIFTH, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas King, Def ender of the Faith, Emperor of India: To all to whom these presents shall come. Greeting! Whereas We are desirous of signifying Our appreciation of acts of valour, courage and devotion to duty performed by Officers and Men in Our Air Force and in the Air Forces of Our Self -governing Dominions beyond the Seas, We do hereby, for Us, Our heirs and successors, institute and create two decorations to be designated the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Air Force Cross, and two Medals, to be designated the Disti nguished Flying Medal and the Air Force Medal, and We do hereby direct that the following regulations shall be made governing the said Decorations and Medals: - Firstly. It is ordained that the Distinguished Flying Cross shall be granted only to such Offi cers and Warrant Officers of Our said Forces as shall be recommended to Us for an act or acts of valour, courage or devotion to duty performed whilst flying in active operations against the enemy. Secondly. It is ordained that the Distinguished Flying Cr oss shall be silver and shall consist of a Cross flory terminated in the horizontal and base bars with bombs, the upper bar terminating with a rose, surmounted by another cross composed of aeroplane propellers charged in the centre with a roundel within a wreath of laurels a rose winged ensigned by an Imperial Crown thereon the letters R.A.F. -
The United States Atomic Army, 1956-1960 Dissertation
INTIMIDATING THE WORLD: THE UNITED STATES ATOMIC ARMY, 1956-1960 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Paul C. Jussel, B.A., M.M.A.S., M.S.S. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2004 Dissertation Committee Approved by Professor Allan R. Millett, Advisor Professor John R. Guilmartin __________________ Professor William R. Childs Advisor Department of History ABSTRACT The atomic bomb created a new military dynamic for the world in 1945. The bomb, if used properly, could replace the artillery fires and air-delivered bombs used to defeat the concentrated force of an enemy. The weapon provided the U.S. with an unparalleled advantage over the rest of the world, until the Soviet Union developed its own bomb by 1949 and symmetry in warfare returned. Soon, theories of warfare changed to reflect the belief that the best way to avoid the effects of the bomb was through dispersion of forces. Eventually, the American Army reorganized its divisions from the traditional three-unit organization to a new five-unit organization, dubbed pentomic by its Chief of Staff, General Maxwell D. Taylor. While atomic weapons certainly had an effect on Taylor’s reasoning to adopt the pentomic organization, the idea was not new in 1956; the Army hierarchy had been wrestling with restructuring since the end of World War II. Though the Korean War derailed the Army’s plans for the early fifties, it returned to the forefront under the Eisenhower Administration. The driving force behind reorganization in 1952 was not ii only the reoriented and reduced defense budget, but also the Army’s inroads to the atomic club, formerly the domain of only the Air Force and the Navy. -
10/10/2007 Veterans History Project Content Page 1 Last Name First
Veterans History Project content 10/10/2007 Last name First name Branch Yrs service Battalion-Regiment Highest rank Conflict Injured POW Honors Notes Ainsworth Thomas Army (Air 1941-1945 332nd Service 1st World War N N African OCS; Africa, Italy; Corps) Group, 12th Air Lieutenant II Campaign w/4 photocopies of Anderson Mary K. Navy 1943-1946 WAVES Lieutenant World War N N American photographs and Junior Grade II Theater and manuscripts Anderson John D. Army (Air 1944-1945 443 AAF BU 1st World War N N Theater Interview by Corps) Lieutenant II Ribbons-5 Kathleen Anteau Robert L. Navy 1943-1946 USS Drexler DD Fire World War N N American 741 Controlman II Area, Antoszews Rita S. Army 1945-1946 361st Station Ist Lieutenant World War Y N Victory Medal, suffered from ki Nurse Hospital II A-P Theater perforated Apel Edward G. Army 1941-1946 Special Engineers Corporal 5th World War N N Interview on mini Grade II cassette Balough Elmer J. Air Force 1947-1950 5th Air Force Sergeant Korea N N Japanese Occupation Bartell Frank J. Navy 1942-1953 Lieutenant World War N N Theater photographs, Junior Grade II (Korea? Ribbons, manuscripts Baron Eugene A. Army (Air 1942-1945 8th AF 351 Bomb Tech. World War N N Air Medal w/3 manuscripts, Force) Group Sergeant II clusters, photographs Basilius Vernon J. Navy 1952-1954 USS Hunt DD674 Petty Officer Korea N N 2nd Class Basler Francis Army 1942-1946 11th Armored Div. T4 Tech World War NNService 3rd Army Sergeant II Ribbons, Battle Batchelor Edward W. -
German 5Th Army Before Verdun March-September 1916
German 5th Army Before Verdun March-September 1916 5th Army: Crown Prince Wilhelm On Left Bank of the Maas Western Attack Group: General der Artillery von Gallwitz VI Reserve Corps: General der Infanterie z.D.von Goszler 11th Bavarian Division: Generalleutnant von Kneussel 21st Bavarian Brigade: Generalmajlr Ritter von Schoch (replaced on 4/18 by GM z.D.Raab) 3rd Bavarian Regiment 22nd Bavarian Regiment 13th Reserve Bavarian Reserve Regiment 21st Bavarian Field Artillery Regiment 19th Bavarian Pioneer Company 21st Bavarian Pioneer Company 4th Co/6th Pioneer Battalion 11th Bavarian Trench Mortar Company 11th Bavarian Pontoon Engineers 11th Bavarian Telephone Detachment 192nd Division: Generalmajor Kotsch 192nd Infantry Regiment 193rd Infantry Regiment 25th Bavarian Infantry Regiment (2 bns) 1st Landwehr Squadron, 12th Corps District 192nd Field Artillery Battalion 192nd Pioneer Company 404th Trench Mortar Company (may be detached) 11th Reserve Division: Generalleutnant von Hertzberg 23rd Brigade: Oberst Daubert (until 4/3, then Oberst Jetter 10th Reserve Regiment 2 Machine Gun Companies 22nd Regiment 2 Machine Gun Companies 156th Regiment 2 Machine Gun Companies 11th Reserve Field Artillery Regiment 95th Anti-Aircraft Platoon 4th Field Company, 29th Pioneer Battalion 283rd Pioneer Company 211th Trench Mortar Company 6th Reserve Medical Company 12th Reserve Division: Generalleutnant von Kehler (until 4/20, then Generalleutnant von Kahlden 22nd Reserve Brigade: Generalleutnant z. D. von Leyser 23rd Reserve Regiment 1 Machine Gun Company -
Identifying Extreme Racist Beliefs
identifying extreme racist beliefs What to look out for and what to do if you see any extreme right wing beliefs promoted in your neighbourhood. At Irwell Valley Homes, we believe that everyone has the If you see any of these in any of the neighbourhoods right to live of life free from racism and we serve, please contact us straight away on 0300 discrimination. However, whilst we work to promote 561 1111 or [email protected]. We take equality, racism still exists and we want to take action to this extremely seriously and will work with the Greater stop this. Manchester Police to deal with anyone responsible. This guide helps you to identify some of the numbers, signs and symbols used to promote extreme right wing beliefs including racism, extreme nationalism, fascism and neo nazism. 18: The first letter of the alphabet is A; the eighth letter of the alphabet is H. so, 1 plus 8, or 18, equals AH, an abbreviation for Adolf Hitler. Neo-Nazis use 18 in tat- toos and symbols. The number is also used by Combat 18, a violent British neo-Na- zi group that chose its name in honour of Adolf Hitler. 14: This numeral represents the phrase “14 words,” the number of words in an ex- pression that has become the slogan for the white supremacist movement. 28: The number stands for the name “Blood & Honour” because B is the 2nd letter of the alphabet and H is the 8th letter. Blood & Honour is an international neo-Nazi/ racist skinhead group started by British white supremacist and singer Ian Stuart. -
Battle of Anzio Timeline
https://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php ?battle_id=313 Battle of Anzio Timeline 18 Dec 1943 The plan to land several divisions at Anzio, Italy was briefly canceled. g_2 Jan 1944 36,000 Allied troops landed at Anzio, Italy, facing little opposition. 23 Jan 1944 The destroyer HMS Janus was lost off Anzio, Italy. (24 Jan 1944 German forces in the Anzio, Italy region increased to over 40,000 men. 25 Jan 1944 General Eberhard von Mackensen assumed overall control of forces in the Anzio, Italy area. 27 Jan 1944 To the west, Allied Major General John Lucas by now commanded 70,000 men, 237 tanks, 508 heavy guns, and 27,000 tons of supplies at Anzio, Italy, but he decided to still maintain a defensive posture. 28 Jan 1944 German Field Marshal Albert Kesselring ordered a counterattack against the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy. 9 Jan 1944 Total Allied strength at the Anzio, Italy beachhead totaled 69,000 men, 508 guns, and 208 tanks by the end of this day. On the other side of the lines, German strength rose to 71,500 men. 30 Jan 1944 Allied forces attacked out of the Anzio, Italy beachhead, advancing toward Cisterna and Campoleone, but none of the two forces would be able to capture the objectives; during the process, an entire US Army Ranger battalion was destroyed. 2 Feb 1944 Germans defeated American troops in the Battle of Cisterna near Anzio, Italy. 3 Feb 1944 The American attempt to break out of the Anzio beachhead in Italy was halted, followed by the first German counterattack against the beachhead. -
Russian Army, 4 June 1916
Russian Army 4 June 1916 Northwest Front: Finland Garrison: XLII Corps: 106th Infantry Division 421st Tsarskoe Selo Infantry Regiment 422nd Kolpino Infantry Regiment 423rd Luga Infantry Regiment 424th Chut Infantry Regiment 107th Infantry Division 425th Kargopol Infantry Regiment 426th Posinets Infantry Regiment 427th Pudozh Infantry Regiment 428th Lodeyinpol Infantry Regiment Sveaborg Border Brigade 1st Sveaborg Border Regiment 2nd Sveaborg Border Regiment Estonia Coast Defense: 108th Infantry Division 429th Riizhsk Infantry Regiment 430th Balksy Infantry Regiment 431st Tikhvin Infantry Regiment 432nd Baldaia Infantry Regiment Revel Border Brigade 1st Revel Border Regiments 2nd Revel Border Regiments Livonia Coast Defense: I Corps 22nd Novgorod Infantry Division 85th Vyborg Infantry Regiment 86th Wilmanstrand Infantry Regiment 87th Neschlot Infantry Regiment 88th Petrov Infantry Regiment 24th Pskov Infantry Division 93rd Irkhtsk Infantry Regiment 94th Yenisei Infantry Regiment 95th Krasnoyarsk Infantry Regiment 96th Omsk Infantry Regiment III Corps 73rd Orel Infantry Division 289th Korotoyav Infantry Regiment 290th Valuiisk Infantry Regiment 291st Trubchev Infantry Regiment 292nd New Archangel Infantry Regiment 5th Rifle Division (Suwalki) 17th Rifle Regiment 18th Rifle Regiment 19th Rifle Regiment 20th Rifle Regiment V Siberian Corps 1 50th St. Petersburg Infantry Division 197th Lesnot Infantry Regiment 198th Alexander Nevsky Infantry Regiment 199th Kronstadt Infantry Regiment 200th Kronshlot Infantry Regiment 6th (Khabarovsk) Siberian -
East Prussia ‘14
Designer Notes: East Prussia ‘14 In the middle of August 1914, the world's attention was focused directly on the Western Front where German armies were sweeping into Belgium and France. On the Eastern Front however, the Russians were on the offensive into East Prussia, an important agricultural region of the Prussian homeland, and the gateway to Berlin. The Russians planned a two pronged invasion into East Prussia: one army approaching from the Niemen River to the east and one army approaching from the Narew River to the south, both aimed at outflanking German forces located therein, and the eventual capture of the strategic city of Königsberg. In their way stood a single German army, two resolute commanders, and a well developed rail network. By the time the campaign was over both Russian armies would be almost completely destroyed and thrown out of East Prussia and the campaign itself would go on to become one of the most studied and celebrated victories in warfare. Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5 The Belligerents ................................................................................................................. 7 The German Army .......................................................................................................... 7 Summary of Capabilities............................................................................................. 7 Organization ...............................................................................................................