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Fair and Festival Introduction: Rajasthan has a rich heritage of its peculiar Art Culture & Architecture. Many of these art forms have survived through ages and are even part of present culture of Rajasthan. The architectural beauty of Rajasthan is world renowned, forts, palaces, havelis, tombs, cenotaph and sculptures present across the geography of state, reveal the blend of multiple dynasties that ruled the ancient lands. The glittering jewellery and attractive handicrafts of Rajasthan have caught the fantasy of the people around the world. Rajasthan has a tradition of highly cultivated music & dance forms. The music is uncomplicated, raw and songs depict daily chores. The Kalbelia dance of Jaisalmer and Ghoomar dance from Udaipur have gained recognition internationally. Folk music is an integral part of Rajasthani culture. Ballads, Bhopas relate heroic deeds, love stories through folk songs. Rajasthan is also famous for textiles, semi-precious stone work and its traditional & colorful handicrafts. Rajasthan is also one of the cultural centres for miniature painting art with its unique Rajasthani or Rajputana School of painting. Fair and Festival Rajasthan is a land of fairs & festivals, but before we can get understanding of these it is essential to learn the names of Indian Seasons & months, as the India festivals & fairs are organized based on Hindi calendar, which is LUNAR. In Hindu calendar, year begins with 1- Chaitra: First day after new moon (Amavsya) New Year of Vikram Samvat (2073 in 2016) New Year of Saka Samvat (Official Government calendar) 1 Chaitra = 22 march (Normal year) & 21 March (Leap year) Chaitra = 30 days (normal year) & 31 days (Leap year) Festivals and Fairs of Rajasthan in Chaitra Festival: Gangor Worship of Eser ji & Gauri ji made of clay. 16 days festival, Main Celebration: Jodhpur, Jaipur, Udaipur, Kota Colonel Todd described Gangor of Udaipur Fairs: Karni Mata Mela (I) – Bada – in Nokha, Bikaner – from Shukla – 1st -10th Lakhi Mela at Mahavir Ji, Sawai madhopur from Chaitra Shuka 1st – Vaisakha Krishna 3rd Kaila Devi Mela at Sawai madhopur from Shukla – 8th (main) Total: Krishna 12th –Shukla 12th Festivals & Fairs of Rajasthan in Vaisakha: Brith Hari Mela in Alwar Festivals & Fairs of Rajasthan in Bhadra:Baba Ramdev Ji ka Mela at Runicha – Pokaran- Jaisalmer from Shukla Paksh – 2nd -11th Brithari Mela(II) in Alwar Karjali Teej mela in Bundi on 3rd Festivals & Fairs of Rajasthan in Ashwin: Karni Mata Mela – in Nokh, Bikaner – from Sukla 1st -10th Festivals & Fairs of Rajasthan in Kartik: Kapil Muni Mela in Kolayat Bikaner on Kartik Purnima Puskar Mela in Pushkar, Ajmer on Kartik Purnima Beneshwar Mela in Beneshwar, Dungarpur – on Purnima (Shivaratri) Festivals & Fairs of Rajasthan in Phalguna: Khatu Shyam ji Mela – in Sikar – from Shukla 10th -12th Camel Festival, Bikaner The camel festival is organised by the Department of Tourism in January every year in Bikaner. Mewar Festival, Udaipur This 18-day festival is celebrated to welcome the advent of spring and coincides with the festival of Gangaur. Teej Festival, Jaipur Held during the monsoons in July Teej is also dedicated to Lord Shiva and Parvati. Chandrabhaga Fair, Jhalawar This three-day fair is held at Jhalrapatan near Jhalawar either in November or December. Kolyat Fair, Bikaner This place is the sacred site where Kapil Muni is supposed to have meditated. Ghoomar Dance Ghoomar is a traditional folk dance of Rajasthan and also a State Dance. Location: Across Rajasthan Performed by: Originally by Bhil Community, adopted by different communities including Rajputs (Women). Performance Occasions: Rajput Marriages Features: Ghoomar is a traditional folk dance of Rajasthan and also a State Dance. Location: Across Rajasthan Chari Dance Performed By: Women from Gujjar Community Performance Occasions: Marriage occasions, on the birth of a male child or any big festival celebration. This folk dance is performed by the Kamada tribes who are traditional snake charmers. Location: Ramdevra, Didwana, Dungarpur, Udaipur Performed By: Woman from Kamad tribe while sitting on the floor before Baba Ramdeo’s image Terah Taali Performance Occasions: in honor the folk hero, Baba Ramdeo Features: The women have 13 ‘manjeeras‘(little brass discs) tied to the various parts of their body, which they strike with the ones they hold in their hand. Often a sword is also used by the professional Terah Taali dancer and also a pot on her to make the dance more attractive. Male artists sings local Rajasthani folk songs as a background music and play different instruments like pakhwaja, dholak jhanjhar, Sarangi, harmonium etc. Famous Persons associated with dance form: Mangi Bai, Mohini Narayani, laxman das Kamad Kalbelia Folk Dance: Kalbelia dance is included in UNESCO’s list of the Cultural Heritage of Humanity from the year 2010 Kalbelia Location: Pali district, Ajmer, Chittorgarh and Udaipur district. Performed By: Women from Kalbelia community. Performance Occasions: Kalbelia songs are based on stories taken from folklore and mythology and special dances are performed during Holi. Features: The dancers are women in flowing black skirts who dance and swirl, replicating the movements of a serpent. The cloths are mixed in red and black hues and embroidered in unique patterns. Kalbelia dance has a traditional musical instruments which is Poongi also called been. Other traditional musical instruments used by Kalbelia tribe in Kalbelia dance are Dufli, Morchang, Dholak, Khanjari and Khuralio. Ivory Works (Haathi dant) Items include: Jewellery, Powder boxes, jewellery boxes, cufflinks, lamps, artistic decorations, idols of gods and goddess, Ivory Works rajasthan brooches. Udaipur – most famous. Jodhpur – Black, green & Red strips bangles. Meenakari: Jaipur is famous worldwide for Meenakari on Jewellary. Meenakari Art was imported from Lahore for first time under reign of Man Singh I (1589-1614) Nathdwara is also famous Raitwali area of Kota – Meenakari is done on glass Bikaner & Pratapgarh also has significant skills Usta Art Golden Meenakari work on Camel leather is known as usta Art. The art was developed by Padam Shri Hissayamuddin Usta from Bikaner. Camel hide training Center in Bikaner is an institution for Usta Art. Lac Works Famous: Jaipur & Jodhpur Sawai madhopur, Laxmangarh (Sikar), Indragarh (Bundi) – Lac work on wooden toys. Jaipur, Hindon, Karauli – Lac bangles. Mat & Carpet Works: Jaipur and Tonk are famous Cotton & Wool are used for making fabric For better quality and strong mattress the thread & knots used for making fabric should be very fine (thin). Carpets are also manufactured in Jaipur & Bikaner jails. Salawas Village of Jodhpur is famous for carpets While carpet manufacturing is enthusiastically followed in Jodhpur, Nagaur, Tonk, Barmer, Bhilwara, Shahpura, Kekari & Malpura. Textile: Gota Work: Jaipur & Khandela (Sikar) are famous Zari Work Jaipur Kota Doria Kota Doria is a fabric with unique blend of cotton and silk in a square check pattern. The checked pattern is termed as ‘khat’ The silk provides the shine while the cotton provides strength to the fabric. Craft originated in Mysore and then shifted to Kaithun Village near Kota. Hence, the Saris came to be known as Kota-Mansuria. Jaipuri Quilt (Rajai) Specialty: Very Low Weight but high insulating (very warm). Appliqué Work: In this art different pieces of cloth are fixed together. The interesting color, shape and pattern combinations against contrasting background catch the eye. Hand-block prints: Bagru Print, Jaipur This print is similar to Sanganeri print but while Sanganeri print has white field, Bagru prints have green fields. Only Natural colors are used in Bagru Prints Alijarin (Ajrak) Print, Barmer Mostly red and blue colors are used for printing Tie and dye: Bandani, Batik, Mothra, Ekdali, Shikari, Cheent. Bandhej, Jaipur Cloth is tied and then colored and when the knot is opened different designs appear on cloth. Jhajam (Carpets) Printed in Chittor are famous. Lehriya – Jaipur Chunri – Jodhpur Blue Pottery There are many craftsmen in Jaipur who prepare blue pottery in Rajasthan by using blue, green and white colors. Wooden Furniture Carved wooden furniture of different styles and design are made in different parts of the state with motif and fine design. Rajasthan Quilts The unique selling point of these Jaipuri quilts or Jaipur rajais is that these are light and soft as well as of high quality. Mojaris/Jutis These are beautifully embroidered pieces with varied patterns and designs. Jodhpur and Jaipur manufactures some very pretty Mojaris and juti. Marble Crafts This craft produces marble carved wall hangings, sculptures, statues, furniture, flower vases, fireplaces, statues, and so on. Ivory Ivory bangles of Rajasthan are popular crafts of the state. Rajasthani Paintings Rajput School of Painting or Rajasthani Painting Rajasthani Painting Themes – events of epics like the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, Krishna’s life, beautiful landscapes, and humans Precious stones, Gold and silver were used Mughal Influence Dominance of Chaurapanchasika group style in Indian Rajasthani Paintings starting from the 16th century, when the Rajput Painting originated, numerous schools emerged, including: Mewar School Chavand, Nathdwara, Devgarh, Udaipur and Sawar. Marwar School The Kishangarh, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Pali and Ghanerao styles Hadoti School: Kota, Bundi and Jhalawar styles Dhundar School: Amber, Jaipur, Sehkhawati and Uniara styles Pahari School Himachal (kangra & Kullu) & Jammu and Kashmir Rajasthani
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