Index compiled by the author

Aachen (Aix-la-Chappelle): Agar, Lieutenant: his bravery, Aleppo (): 35,479-8 515 135,166,213,215,484, Aaronsohn, Aaron: 366 'age ... shall not weary them', 488 Aaronsohn, Alex: 305 84 Alexander, Regent (later Aaronsohn, Sarah: 212-3; Agincourt, Battle of (1415): King) of Yugoslavia: 507 365-6 9 1 Alexandretta (Ottoman Abadan (Persia): 106 Agram (Zagreb): 461,488 Empire): 135 Abbeville (): 286,414, Ah Lung: 311 Alexandria (Egypt): 236 420,428 Ahmed, Mohamed: executed, Alexandropol (Caucasus): 422 Abdul Hamid, Sultan: 6,134 36 1 Alexeyev, General: 294, 315, Abdullah, son of Hussein air warfare: (in 1914),42,9°, 3 27,333,356,3 86 (later Emir of Transjordan): 110-1,119; (in 1915), Aley (Lebanon): 237 84,528 125, 12~ 130, 165, 171, Al-Faruqi, Muhammad Abell, Major: killed in action, 193,201,2°3; (in 1916), Sharif: 214-5 56 23°,238,239,255, 265, Algeria: 329 Abercorn (Northern 269,278,283,289,290-1, Algerian troops: 144,232 Rhodesia): 505 293,301; (in 1917), 310, Algonquin (United States Ablaincourt (Western Front): 3 17,334-5,337,339-40, steamship): sunk, 314 3°4 HI, 372, 381, 382; (in AI-Hani, Yusuf: hanged, 237 Aboukir (British cruiser): 1918),396,4°1,4°2,4°3, AI-Husseini, Ahmed Arif: sunk, 84 4°7,415,423-4,431,432, hanged, 245 Abyssinia: 278 n.r, 509 434,437,445,451,458, AI-Husseini, Mustafa: Achi Baba (Gallipoli): 149, 463-4,464 n.r, 465, 475, hanged, 245 15°,151-2,167-8,17°, 478,486,490; see also AI-Khalil, Abd al-Karim: 181 index entry Zeppelins hanged.ura Acre (Palestine): 244 Aisne, River (France): 64, 75, All Quiet on the Western Adams, Sergeant Harry J.: 8~ 19~323,324,341, Front (Erich Maria 45 8 368,4°6,410,49° Remarque): 535 Adana (Anatolia): 135,272, Aisne, Third Battle of (1918): Allen, Clifford: 62, 164-5, 27 8 425-6 212,280-1,330-1, 33 5, Aden: 222 Akaba (Red Sea): 6,7, 104- 395-6,453,460,541 Adler, Victor: 38 5,344,429,43° Allenby, General Edmund: in Adrianople (Bulgaria): 485 Alamein, Battle of (1942): France, 59-60,321,322, Adriatic Sea: 9, 47,177,415, 380 n.r 325,336; in Palestine, 344, 4 81,521 Albania: 10, 12, 15, 142, 37°,371,372,376,388, Aegean Sea: 10, 194, 301, 151,205 n.r, 208, 209, 39 1,4°2,429,463,464, 3°4,328 319 n.r, 505 469,477,484 Afghanistan: 6, 135, 527 Albert, King of the Belgians: Allenby, Michael: killed in Africa: 84,479 87,3°6,533,534 action, 344-5 Afula (Palestine): 278, 340, Albert (Somme): 261, 293, Alsace: 440 463 53 8 Alsace-Lorraine: 1,3-4,32, Agamemnon (British Aldridge, Corporal: gassed, 35,47,3°9,31°,394,471, battleship): 484,488 19 8 47 2,475,500,5 14 INDEX Altkirch (Alsace): 47 Ancona (Italian ocean liner): Ardahan (Anatolia): 401 Altvater, Admiral: 367, 386 sunk, 2.10 Ardennes, Forest: 58 AI-Zahrawi, Abd ai-Hamid: Ancre, Battle of the (1916): Argentine, the: 495 hanged, 2.45 2.97- 8,2.99,341 Argonne (Western Front): Amara (Mesopotamia): 167, Ancre, River (Somme): 2.97 12.6,459,465 173 Andenne (): 41 Ari Burnu (Gallipoli): 146 Ambleny (Western Front): Andrewes, Private: receives Arizona (USA): 308, 312. 437 surrender of Jerusalem, Armaggedon: a skirmish at, American Civil War (1861- 387 4 63 5): 543 'Angel of Mons': 58,61, 162. Armenia: 135,177,402.; American Expeditionary Angell, Norman: 12.,2.1,511 declares independence Force: in 1917,334,339, Anglia (British hospital ship): (1918),42.2.; and the Treaty 341-2.,359,359-60,368, sank, 2.10 of Sevres (192.0),52.7-8, 372.-3,378; from January Anglo-German discussions, 53° to March 19 18, 393, 397, rejected (1914): II Armenian aspirations: 40, 400, 402.-3, 404-5, 408, Angola: r z 395 409; from April to July Annamite troops: 2.35, 331 Armenian Day of Mourning: 1918,411,414,415,41~ Ans (Belgium): 69 143 419,42.0-1,42.6-7,42.7-9, Ansauville (St Mihiel): 397 Armenians: xv, xvii, 108, 43°,435-6,437,44°, Antheuil-Portes (Western 140, 142.-3, 166-7, 177, 44 1,442.,443,445-6; Front): 431,454 2.12.-3,2.72.,3 12.,42.2.,4 89, from August to November Anti-Conscription Manifesto 52.5 1918,446-7,448,449, (192.5): 531-2. Arrnentieres (France): 91, 452.,456,457-60,467, Antilles (United States 4l:l.,47° 47°,472.,477,478-9,48 1, transport ship): sunk, 367 Armes, Captain R.J.: II7-8 49°,493-4,495,499,499• Antwerp (Belgium): 42., 50, armistice: on the Eastern 5°0,500-1,5°2.,5°6,5°7; 81,85-8,91,152.,158,480 Front (1917), 334, 37 8, in Russia, 516; returns Antwerp, Siege of (1914): 384,385-6 home, 519; on the Rhine, 180 Armistice Day: xx, 36 n.r , 519-2.0 Anzac Cove (Gallipoli): 181, 13°,162.,2.68,5°1-4,5°5, American Independence Day 2. 13,2.15,2.2.6,531 52.9,539 (19 18): 437 Anzacs (Australian and New armistice talks (1918): 466, American Jews: 33 6 Zealand Corps): 181,2.08 468,471,472.,474,478, American Legion: 436 n.z Apollinaire, Guillaume: dies, 482.,484,485,486-7,487, American Red Cross: 436, 499 4 88-9,49°,494,5°0; 43 8 appeasement: 515 recalled, 536-7 American volunteers: 62., Aquitania (hospital ship, later Army of the Tyrol: defeated, 2.88,381,399-4°0,493, troopship), 191, 4II 434 51 2. Arab aspirations: 2.14-5, Arnaville (Lorraine): II3 American War of 2.45,344, 52.8 Arras (France): 445, 456,534 Independence (1775-83): Arab revolt: 2.15-6, 2.45, Arras, Battle of (1917): 12.1 86,342. n.a 2.54-5,305,340-1,344, n.r; billets near, 2.35; Americans (Foreign 42.9,469 memorials to, 2.50; fighting Legionnaires): 62., 2.62.-3 Arab troops: 140, 147 at, 32.0, 32.1, 32.2.-3, 32.4­ serving with the British Arab Union: 2.14 5,32.6 army, 2.88 Arabia: 137, 312. Arras-Lens battlefield: 534 'Amethyst' (anti-aircraft Arabic (ocean liner): Artois (Western Front): 173, barrage): 193 torpedoed, 188, 191 2.16 Amiens (France): 63, 409, Arabs: xx, 84, 2.02.,2.12.,2.2.9, Arts and Science Union 410,412,445,45°,533 2.37,2.47,2.48,43°,469 (Ruhleben): 2.96 Amiens dispatch (1914): 63, Aragon (British troopship): Ascot (British minesweeper): 69 sunk, 391 sunk, 5°° Amiral Charner (French Ararat, Mount: 530 Ash, Bernard: quoted, 63 n.r cruiser): sunk, 2.30 Arbeiter Zeitungi 481-2. Asia Minor: 2.44 Amiral Ganteaume (French Arc de Triomphe (Paris): Asiago (Italian Front): 383, steamship): sunk, 101 xviii, 519, 52.9 433,434,436 Amman (Trans-Jordan): 340 Arcadian (British troopship): Asolone, Mount (Italian Amphion (British cruiser): sunk, 32.8 Front): 384,483 sunk, 46 Archangel (Russia): 105,2.06, Aspinall-Oglander, Brigadier­ Anafarta Ridge (Gallipoli): 2.°7,42.5,460, 516 General C.R: xviii, 168, 184 Archimides: 42.3 183, 190-1 Anatolia: 7, 151, 167, 2.48, Archo-Valley, Count Anton: Asquith, H.H.: 2.2., 37, 68, 313,395,4°2.,484,488, 5II 69,84,85,86,87,102., 52.7,52.8,53° Arctic Ocean: 42.5 105, 12.1, 12.2., 12.4, 140, INDEX Asquith, H.H.--contd. 5-6,10,11,12-13,17,18­ Ball, Albert: 2.93 and n 162, 163,178,212,216, 34; at war in 1914,4°,41, Balsley, Lieutenant: 2. 55 224,303 43-4,45, 50, 78, 84, 107, Baltic (British steamer): 334 Asquith, Margot: 95, 105 108, III; at war in 1915, Baltic Provinces (of Russia): Asquith, Raymond: on the 12.4, 154, 165, 167, 176, 4,8,155,42.5 Western Front, 212; killed 194,204-5,213; at war in Baltic Sea: 22, 194,374,385, in action, 2.86, 293 1915,12.4,194, 204-5, 386,401 Astoria Hotel (Petrograd): 213; at war in 1916, 224, Baits: 398 377 2.2.5,232,248,2.52.,253, Banat (Hungary): 52.1 Astrakhan (Russia): 195 254,2.56,277 n.r, 282-3; Banogne (Aisne): 490 : xx, 12.3,302.-3 at war in 1917,313,32.4, Bapaume (Western Front): Atherton, Lance-Corporal S.: 331-2,333,339,343-4, 2.62., 299, 309, 409 killed in action, 2.72. 349-5°,355-6,375,383­ Baquba (Mesopotamia): 317 Athlit (Palestine): 312, 340 4,388,39°; at war in Bar-le-Duc (France): 231 Athos (French liner): 1918,4°3-4,432-4,437­ Bar-sur-Aube, Battle of torpedoed, 3II 8,439,456,460,462,474, (1814): 5 Atkins, Tommy: 86 479,482.-3,485,487-8; Baralong (armoured Atkinson, C.T.: quoted, II5 disintegrates, 488, 490-1; merchant ship): in action, Atlantic Ocean: 156, 2.I2., and the treaty of St 188 2.5~32.9,414,42.1,435, Germain, 520-1; wartime Barbade, General: killed, 75 47 2,482 death toll of, 54 I Barber, Anne: 543 Attack (British destroyer): Austrian Silesia: 107 Barber, Gunner ~rancis: dies sunk, 391 Autreches (Western Front): in captivity (i918), 42.1; Attila the Hun: 2. 437 remembered, 543 Artlee, Captain, C.R.: 2II, Averyanov, General: 2.85 Barber, Sergeant Stephen: 2. 13,22.8 Avesnes (France): 444 killed in action (1944), Aubers (Western Front): 132. Avocourr (): 2.34 42.1,543 Aubers Ridge, Battle of Awdry, Carol: killed, 60 Barish (Eastern Front): 2.72 (1915): 159-60, 162., 164, Awdry, the Reverend W.V.:60 Bark, Peter: 2.06-7 165, 191; and the Battle of Aylmer, General: 22.9, 236 Barker, A.J.: quoted, 174,2.29 Fromelles (1916), 267 Ayres, Lew: 535 n.r Barlow, Mechanic: killed, 47 Aud (German merchant Aztec (American steamer): Barnett, Correlli: quoted, 334 ship): 2.42 sunk, 317 n.I,369 Audacious (British Baron (France): 68 battleship): sunk, 95 Babylon: 357 Barres, Maurice: 2.35 Audouin-Rouzeau, Bach, J.S.: 101 Bartfeld (Hungary): 108 Stephanie: xxii Bachmann, Admiral von: 177 Barthernont (Lorraine): 372. Augustow (Eastern Front): Bad Homburg (Germany): Basle (Switzerland): 1I2 129 398 Basra (Persian Gulf): 6, 18, Aurora (Russian cruiser): Baden (Germany): 530 135,137,140,212.,247 315,374 Badger, Sergeant D.G.].: Bastille Day: (1918),439 n.r; Auschwitz concentration killed in action, 281 (1919), 519 camp: 419 n.r, 538--9 Badoglio, Colonel Pietro: 2.78 Battenberg, Prince Maurice Australia: 123,329,495, Baedeker, guide books: 3-4, of: killed in action, 97 509; military death toll of, 5,206 n.r Battleship Hill (Gallipoli): 541 Baghdad: 7, 135,2.02., 2.10, 182 Australian National 241,2.48,312-3,376 Baucq, Philippe: executed, Memorial (Villers­ Bailey, and Lieutenant: killed, 202 Brettonneux): 538 55 Bauer, Commander: 306 Australian troops: 137, 146­ Bailleul (France): 90 Baumgartner-Tramer, Dr E: 8, 163, 164,174,181,198 Bairnsfather, Bruce: lI8 106 n.r, 2.11, 2.2.0 n.z, 2.2.6, Baker, Newton D.: 360, 365, Bavaria: 491, 508 2.66,267-8,2.69-70,275, 4°°,472 Bavaria, King of: 32 2.81,3 00 n.r , 304, 3°5, Baku (Caspian): 452, 453 Bavarian Soviet Republic: 336,353 n.r, 354, 371, Baldwin, General A.H.: killed proclaimed (1918),495 37~37~37~410,41~ in action, 183 Bavarian troops: 35, 2.34,372. 414,415,437,45°,456, Balfour, Arthur James: 163, Bayern (German steamship): 465,468,469, SF 373,395,5°9 130-1 Austria (an independent Balfour Declaration (1917): Bazelaire, General de: 2. 33 state): 505, 507, 518, 52.0, 373,52.8 Bazentin (Somme): 2.65 523 (1912-13): 8, Bazoches (Western Front): Austria-Hungary: and the 10, 105,197,2.05,2.97, 447,450 coming of war in 1914,4, 421 Bean, C.E.W.: 268 INDEX Beatty, Admiral: 251-2 232,236,255,267,3°8, 135,235-6,237,386, Beaucourt (Somme): 297, 318,347,395,399,4°2 4°2,4°3,449,5°0 298 n.r, 407, 422, 423, 453, Bleid (Belgium): 53 Beaumetz-Ies-Cambrai 455,457,471,474,479, Blenheim, Battle of (1704); (Western Front): 407 4 81,489,490,493,494, 91 Beaumont Hamel (Sornme): 497,498,5°0,5°8,517, Bligny (Western Front), 431 297, 307 53° blockade: 47,84-5,102-3, Beaverbrook, Lord: 444 Berlin, Treaty of (1878): 5 128,256,391-2,395, Bebel, August: 3 Berlin-Baghdad Railway: 6­ 51 1 Becourt, Captain: killed, 56 7,14, 18,208,248,278, Bloem, Walter: 47, 54, 58, 60 Bedouin soldiers: 469 465 'Bloody Paralysers' (British Beersheba (Palestine): 288, Berlin-Dahlem: 368 n.r bombers): 424 3°5,370-1,376,391 Berliner Tageblatt: 28 Bloomsbury (London): 193 Beethoven, Ludwig von: 100 Bernard, Lieutenant-Colonel: Blucher (German warship): Beirut (Lebanon): 109,214, 231 sunk, 127 244,245,477 Berndt, Captain: 41 Bluebell (British sloop): 242 Belfort (France): IIO, 155, Berne (Switzerland): 389, Blundell, Private Richard: 457 455,478 359 Belgian aircraft: 458 Bernhardi, Friedrich von: 2 Bochkareva, Maria: 328, 346 Belgian refugees: 65> 101 Bernsdorff, Count: 308 Boddy, LieutenantJ.A.V.: 381 Belgian troops (in East Bertincourt (Western Front): Boesinghe (), Africa): 241, 255 n.r, 279 4°7 also Boezinge: 156,353 Belgians (in Foreign Legion): Beseler, General von: 87, 180, Boghos Nubar Pasha: 527 62,142 344 Bohemia: 1°7,224,366,394, Belgium: 29, 32, 33, 35, 36; Bessarabia: 401, 402 422,516, 520 fighting in, 41-3, 47,50-2; Best, Elsdon: his poem, 34 I Bohemians: 477 pledge to, 68; and the seige Bethlehem (Palestine): 140 Bois des Corbeaux (Verdun): of Antwerp, 85-9; refugees n.r , 142, 390 233,234 from, 91; occupation of, Bethlehem Steel Bois Hugo (Loos): 198, 199 158,172,237,247,273-4, (Pennsylvania): 109, 166 Bolimow (Russian Poland): 287-8,313,423; future of, Bethmann-Hollweg, 165 212,23°,3°4,3°6,462• Theobald von: 8-9, 10, 14, Bolivia: 518 n.r 3,475,478; soil of, and 19,27,28,32,127,287­ Bolshevik Russia; established war graves, 354; a film 8,296,3°3,3°4,3°6,332; (November 1917), 384; concerning, 432; liberated, replaced, 347 seeks peace, and makes it, 494, 500; and reparations, Bethune (Western Front): 414 385-6,389-9°,393,394, 509, 510; and frontier Beyens, Baron: 28 395,398,399,4°1-2,452; guarantees, 53 I; wartime Bialystok (Russian Poland): at war, 396,429,449,523; military death toll in, 541 103, 108, 188 to be brought back into the (): xvi, xx, 10, Bigge, John Neville (only son war, 412; loss of Tsarist 17,19,22,24,26, III, of Lord Stamfordham): territory from, 425; and 3°2,461,474,489-9°, killed in action, 506 Red Terror, 460; 506 Binche (France): 57 intervention against, 515­ Bell, Geoffrey: xv Binyon, Laurence: his poem, 6; troops of, not on parade, Bell, Gertrude: 3 I 2 84 519 Bell-Davies, Richard: xix, Bir Hakeim (Western Desert): Bolsheviks: in exile (1914­ 126,210 236 17),38,39-40, 106, 125, Belleau Wood (Western Bir Hakeim, siege of (1942): 192,221; in Russia (1914­ Front): 430, 434, 435 236 n.r 17), 39, 106, 108, 12 5, Belloy-en-Santerre (Somme): Birdwood, General: 148, 176, JI3-4, 349; seize 26 3 208, 211 power in Russia Bendzin (Russian Poland): 33 Bir-el-Hassana (Sinai): 312 (November 1917), 373-4 Benedetto Brin (Italian Birkenhead, rsr Earl of: 410 Bolz, Lieutenant: 150 battleship): blown up, 194 Bishop, Billy: 3I 7 Bolzano (Tyrol): 206 n.r Ben-Gurion, David: 109 Bismarck, Otto von (1815- Bombay: xx, 105, 174,479 Bennett, Private John: 98): I, II, 54, 101,496 Bonar Law, Andrew: 162, executed, 275 Bismarckburg (German East 187, 371 Ben-Zvi, Yitzhak: 109 Africa): 255 n.1 Bonar Law, James: killed in Berchtold, Count: 18, 19, 20, Bissing, Baron von; 172 action, 371 23,27,44 Bitlis (Anatolia): 167,235, Bony (Somme): cemetery at, Berlin: 13-14,19,26,27,3°, 279 538 n.r 33,4°,45,64,83,90, 125, Bitsenko, Anastasia: 385 Booth, Janet: 288 n.r 143,155,208,212,221, Black Sea: 104, 105, 124, Bordeaux (France): 65,75

586 INDEX Bordeaux, General Paul: Bristol (England): 80 1918,406-15; and the 37 2-3 Britain: pre-war naval power, Battle of the Lys, 418; and Borden, Robert: 176-7,187, 1,4,9, II; pre-war the third Battle of the 224,435,440 agreements of, 4-5, 6, 7; Aisne, 425-6; and Boris, King of Bulgaria: 462 and the coming of war, 18, intervention in Russia, Boroevic, Field Marshal: 434 20-34,37-8; 'Your King 429,449,452,515;and Bosnia (Bosnia- and Country Need You', the turn of the tide on the Hercegovina): xxi, 5, 10, 47; and the retreat from Western Front (July­ 15,21, III n.r, 507 n.r, Mons, 55-66; 'Your September 1918),444, 52 0 Country Needs You', 70; 45°,455,457,465-6, Bosnians: 461 and the Battle of the 468; and the defeat of Bosphorus, the: 6, 137,488 Marne, 70-7; and the Germany (October­ Bothmer, General: 273 defence of Antwerp, 85-7; November 1918), 475-6, Bothnia, Gulf of: 319 and the start of trench 489,499,501;and Bouchavesnes (Somme): 284 warfare, 92, 93-9, 100, peacemaking (1919),5°9, Bouillonville (St Mihiel): 458 lII-3, 114-7; and the 510-11,513-4,514-5, Bouilly (France): 81 bombardment of 527-8; and the Unknown Boulogne (France): xx, 130, Scarborough, 110; and the Soldier, 529; military death 340, 34I, 409 Battle of the Dogger Bank, toll of, 541 Bourke, Private Jack: 269 127; and the Battle of Britannia (British battleship): Bourlon Wood (Cambrai): Neuve Chapelle, 132-3; sunk,499 380,381,382.,383 and the DardaneIles, 134­ Britannic (hospital ship): Boustead, Hugh: 262, 264, 6,20I-2,2I2;and torpedoed, 301 265, 266, 535 Gallipoli, 137-41, 146-53, British Expeditionary Force, Bouvet (French battleship): 161, 163, 167-71, 174-5, the: 35, 37, 43, 54, 59,64, sunk, 136 177,180-5,188-91, 2°7• 65,66,67,70,86,97,3°0, Bovingdon (Dorset): 533 8,2II,2I2,220,226;and 33°,336,463,469 Boyd, Private: killed in the Battle of Aubers Ridge, British Red Cross: 84 action, 284 159,160-1,162; and the British West Indian Boyd, and Lieutenant H.A.: , 197-201; Auxiliaries (labourers): killed in action, 72 and the Easter Rising 3II Brabant (Belgium): 274 (Dublin), 242-3; future Brittain, Edward: 20, 260, Bradbury, Captain E.K.: Prime Ministers of, 80, 325,337; killed in action, killed in action, 65 102,102 n.a, 211, 213, 433 Bray-Corbie road (Western 228,246-7,266,275, Brittain, Vera: 20, 144, 173, Front): 415 284, 286, 335, 336- 7, 348; 191,200, 217,252,260, Brazil: 518 n.r, 532 and the Battle ofJutland, 264,324,337,34°,383, Brazilian aircraft: 45 8 252; and the Battle of the 414,433,502,519,533, Brazilians (in Foreign SOffiIIle,25 8-72,280, 283­ 534-5 Legion): 62 4, 285,286-7,292,293, Broadway (New York City): Bremen (Germany): 493 297-9; and , 302-3; II3 Bremse (German cruiser): 367 Lloyd George replaces Brockdorff-Rantzau, Count: Breslau (Silesia): 45, 104 Asquith in, 303; and 5II Breslau (German light Chinese labour, 311; and Brody (Galicia): xviii, 213, cruiser): 40 the , 320-3, 273 Bressignies, Mademoiselle de: 324-5, 325-6; and the Brompton Cemetery 130, 142 convoy system, 329; and (London): 172 Brest (Brittany): 317,495, the Battle of Messines, Brooke, Major Alan: 320, 519 336-7; and women at war, 370,476,487,5°2 Brest-Litovsk (Eastern 345; and the Battle of Third Brooke, Captain Basil: 191 Front): 186, 188; Ypres (Passchendaele), Brooke, Rupert: 86, 88, 138, negotiations at (1917-18), 353-4,361-2,363-5,370, 258 385-6,389-9°,391,395, 377; and the third Battle of Brooke, Victor: killed in 398,4°1-2,4°6,425, Gaza, 370-2; and the action, 502 527 capture of Jerusalem, 375­ Brookwood (Surrey): 538 n.r Briand, Aristide: 256 7,387-8,390-1; and the Brotherhood Church Bridges, A.F.B.: dies aged , 378-83, (Moscow): 525 ninety-eight (in 1994), 542 388; and possible peace Brown, Sergeant: not Bridou, Sergeant: killed in an negotiations, 388-9, 403­ expected to live, 398 air crash, 47 4; and war in prospect for Brown, Percy: 129 Briey (Meuse): 500 1919,402,420-1,446, Brown, Captain Roy: killed Brindisi (Italy): 194 451,452,480; and the in action, 4I 5 Brissell, Charles F.: 247 German offensive of March Browne, Captain D.G.: 379 INDEX

Brownhead (Ireland): 157 destroyed, IIO 410, 435, 450, 456, 470, Broz, Josip (Tito): wounded, Burg (Germany): 12.8 475-6,494,499, 501, 526, 13 8 Burges, Lieutenant-Colonel: 54° Bruchmuller, Colonel: 154 his bravery, 461 'canaries': 345 Bruges (Belgium): 91, 274, Burian, Baron: 404, 456 Canberra (Australia): 533 n.r 4 17,418 Burma: 199 n.r, 542 Candidate (British merchant Brummer (German cruiser): Burman, Sergeant W.: 362 ship): sunk, 157 367 Burns, John: 23 CandoIe, Lieutenant Alec de: Brunn (Moravia): 18 Bursa (Anatolian Turkey): killed in action, 456 Brunner, Major EW.: killed in 166 Cannock Chase cold blood, 184 Bury, Lance Corporal H.: (Staffordshire): 540 Brunner, Mond and 259 Cantigny (Somme): 426-7 Company: 345 Butte de Menil (Champagne): Cape Helles (Gallipoli): 140, Brusilov, General Aleksei: 50, 399 141, 14~ 149, 150, 15 1­ 138,139, 14 2, 194,23~ Butters, Henry: killed in 2,161,17°,174,181,220, 238,25~253, 254,273, action, 399-400 226,531 27 6,277, 285,295,315, Byng, Sir Julian: 190, 191, Cape Tekke (Gallipoli): 161 333,34~ 343, 350, 35 6 20~211,325,378,379, Cape Town: xx Brussels (Belgium): xx, 43, 380,383 Caporetto, Battle of (1917): 5°,51,53,65,81,158, Bzura, River (Russian 89 n.r, 369, 376 202,274,3°6,423 Poland): 165 Capper, Lieutenant J.: 259 Brussels (British steamer): Cardinal, Mount (Italian 14 1,274 Cadorna, General: 332 Front): 285 Buchan, Alastair: killed in Caen Wood House (London): Carey, Lieutenant G.V.: 178 action, 121 n.r 14, 193 Carlisle (England): 345 Buchanan, Sir George: 3I Cahill, Private Michael: killed Carlsbad (Bohemia): 13 Buchanan, Meriel: 31, 314, in action, 200 n.r Carlton Hotel (London): 509 315,374 Cairo (Egypt): 214, 215,298, Carnoy (Western Front): 228 Buchan, John: quoted, 121, 3°5,325,344 Caroline Islands (Pacific): 5°1 Calais (France): 90, 99, 178, 5°9 Bucharest (Roumania): 283, 19 6,216,409,412. Carpathian mountains: 108, 30 1,30 2 Callaghan, James: 102 154, 165,252.,273, 283, Bucharest, Peace of (1918): Camberwell (London): 264 343-4 42.1 Cambon, Jules: 28 Carpenter, Captain: 417,418 Buckingham Palace Cambrai (Western Front): Carstairs, Carroll: 493, 512. (London): 25, 338 25°,288,465,470,475, Cartagena (Spain): 471 Buczacz (Eastern Front): 349 47 6 Carthage: 348 n.r Budapest: xx, 18, 50, 53 n.j, Cambrai, Battle of (1917): Cartier, Colonel: 172 383,391,43~481,488, 37 8- 83 Cartland, Barbara: 426 491, 525, 530 Cambrai, Second Battle of Cartland, Major Bertram: Buek, Otto: 101 (19 18): 465, 468 killed in action, 426 Buffalo (New York): 109 Cambridge (England): 38 Caruso, Enrico: 495 Buftea (Roumania): 4°2 Camden (New Jersey): 449 Casement, Sir Roger: 78, 114, Bug River (Russian Poland): Cameroon (Kamerun): 2°5 24 2 7,180, 186,527 n.l,509 Caspian Sea: 422, 449, 452 Bukovina (Austria-Hungary): Camiers (France): 414 Cassidy, Private: 189 253,282; ceded to Camigoletti, Mount Casteau (Belgium): 55 Roumania, 520 (Trentino): 339 Castel-Cantigny sector Bulair (Gallipoli): 140 Camp des Romains (France): (Western Front): 412. Bulair Peninsula (Gallipoli): 85 casualty clearing stations: 147 Campbell, Commander: 3II 129-3°,154-5,161,217, Bulgaria: 34,124,135,136, Canada: 13,79,162,224, 261-2,293,356, 361-2, 137, 139, 177, 202, 204, 322,413,436,447 n.r, 473 n.r, 493 2°5,215,245,278,292, 514; military death toll of, Catchpool, Corder: 336 3°3,324,3 26,331,4°2, 54 1 Catherine the Great: 4, 14, 429,461,462, 466; Canada's Golgotha: 162 273 n.r collapse of, 468, 474, 480, Canadian nursing sisters: 436 Cattaro, Gulf of (Austria­ 484-5; territorial losses of, Canadian soldiers: 58 n.I, 85, Hungary): 397 520; military death toll in, 96, 97, 129, 144, 145, 156, Caucasus: 385,401,452,523 54 1 162, 164, 2.20 n.z , 224, Caucasus Front: 120-1, 142, Bulow, General von: 41-2, 238,257,286-7,292,3°0 226-7,235,236,241, 52, 54,74,75 n.r, 305, 320, 322, 326, 279,422 Bulwark (British battleship): 335,336,341,353 n.r, Cava Zuccherina (Italy): 376 354,37°,377,379,383, INDEX Cavell, Edith: 43, 53; Chaulnes (Western Front): Cilicia (Anatolia): 142.,2.72. executed, 2.02.-3; her 455 Cincinnati (Ohio): 2.92. memorial service, 514 Chaumont (Western Front): Citrine, Private (a stretcher- Cedar Rapids (Iowa): 503 359 bearer): killed in action, (London): 52.9 Chavasse, Aidan: killed in II6 Centurion (British merchant action, 354 City of London: 193, 340 ship): sunk, 157 Chavasse, Christopher: 354 Cividale (Italy): 357 Cerigo Island (Greece): 2.33 Chavasse, Captain Noel: his Claridge, Captain W.G.M.: Cetinje (Montenegro): 302., bravery, 2.76;'top dogs', 2.7° 461 2.85;dies of wounds, 354 Clark, Alan: cited, 164 n.z Ceylon: 62. Chelyabinsk (Siberia): 42.5 Clayton, Captain: 149 Chaliapin, Feodor (1873­ Chemin des Dames (Western Clayton, Colonel Gilbert: 1938): 32.8 Front): 333, 368, 369, 42.5 2. 14-5 Chalfont, Alun: quoted, 91 Chenstokhov (Russian Clemenceau, Georges: 2.46, n.r Poland): 33 360,378,410,411,42.-1,333,397-8, 479,488 2.93,356,357 535 n.r, 53 8 Croix de Guerre: 197,234, Dachau (concentration Consenvoye (Verdun): 540 32.2.,34°,4°0,416,425 camp): 368 n.r Constance, Lake (Germany): Cromer (Norfolk): 448 Dago Island (Gulf of Riga): 110 Cromie, Captain: murdered, 365,367 Constanta (Black Sea): 15, 460 Daily Citizen: 62 289 Cross of St George: 79 Daily Express: 172, 348 Constantine, King of Greece: Crosse, Rev. E.C.: 2.68-<),483 Daily Mail: 51 I 106, 302-3, 342 Crowe, Eyre: 10, II Daily Mirror: 298 Constantinople: xx, 6, 34, Crowle, Lieutenant Bert: Daily Telegraph: 381, 384 104, 106, 123, 125, 134, killed in action, 28 I Dakar (West Africa): 329 135,137-8,143,150,208, Crusius, Major: 53 Dalmatia: 488, 520 21 3, 248, 3° 4, 309, 367, cryptography: 102, 12.7, 172, Dalmatian Islands (Austria): 384,391,478,484,53° 3°8,431,441 n.r, 485 142, 151 Constantinople Fire Brigade Ctesiphon (Mesopotamia): Dalrymple-Clark, (in Mesopotamia): 167 202,211,247,312 Lieutenant: 67 Contalmaison (Somme): 265 Cuba: 495,518 n.r Dalton, Hugh: 491-2. convoy system: 329, 365, Cuffley (Hertfordshire): 289 Daly, Sergeant Dan: 430 367,387,435 Cunliffe-Owen, Berry: 2.9, Damascus (Syria): 215,244, Coolidge, John: 127, 222, 106, 123 245,34°,469,477 225-6 Cunliffe-Owen, Colonel: 29, Danes: in the French Foreign Corbett, Julian: quoted, 163- 34 Legion, 197 4 Cunningham, Commander D'Annunzio, Gabriele: 450 : 209, 2.2.6, 232, 240, (later Admiral) A.B.: 104 Danny (Sussex): 440, 478 348 n.r Dante (1265-1321): 158 Comilliere, Lieutenant Cushing, and Lieutenant W.: Danton (French battleship): Charles de: killed, 7 I 220 sunk, 317 Cornwallis, General: (at Cuthbert, Captain: killed in , River: 53 n.z, 125, Yorktown, 1781),244 n.r action, 200 135,421,468,474,489­ Corsica: 209 Cuxhaven (Germany): II9, 9° Cortina (Tyrol): 206 493 Danzig: 31, 514, 518 Corunna, Battle of (1808): 59 Cyclades Islands (Greece): Dardanelles: xx, 4<>-1, 105, Cossacks: 139, 179,386, 3°3 121, 124-5,131,134-40, 39 8, 4 22, 515 Cymric (ocean liner): sunk, 152,163,170,183,187, Cotes de Chdtillon (Meuse): 237 19°,201-2,2°7-8,213, 480,49° Cyprus: 340, 384 214,396,484,488 Coulson, Leslie: killed in Cyrenaica (North Africa): Dar es Salaam (German East action, 2.92 439 n.r Africa): 279 Courcelette (Somme): 286 Czech Brigade: 343 Davidson, General: 293 Courtrai (Belgium): 478 Czech language: 224 Davies, c.c.: xvi Cousins, Corporal Frank: Czech Legion: 425, 438,439, Davy, John: discovers 197-8 449 phosgene (18Il), 204 n.1 Cowley, Lieutenant­ Czech national aspirations: Davey, Sapper J.: II8 Commander: 24 I 3°5,3°6-7,366-7,393­ Dawes, Charles G.: 358-9 Cracow (Galicia): 45, 108, 4,419,42.2,429 Dawnay, Hugh: killed in 474, 520 Czech soldiers: 294, 332, action, 112. Cradock, Admiral: drowned, 395,483,519 Dayrell-Reed, Lieutenant: 102 Czechoslovak National 515 Craiglockhart War Hospital Committee: 413 Dead Sea (Palestine): 402 (Scotland): 3 I 8, 352 Czechoslovak National Dearmer, Mabel: 209 Craonne (France): 64 Council: 45<>-1, 479, 486 death: 'a rendezvous with', Cressy (British cruiser): sunk, Czechoslovakia: in prospect, 263; 'the fishermen of', 84 438,45<>-1; proclaimed, 279; 'touched his prey', Crepy-en-Laonnois: 407 486,488,491 n.r, 516, 404; 'beautiful with pride', Crete: 329 n. I 518 n.r, 520, 521, 522, 477 Cretan soldiers: 461 531,538 Debeney, General: 478 Crevecour (Cambrai): 379 Czechs: 5,44,62, 107, 397, Debs, Eugene: 432 Crimea: 419,429,461,462 403,479 Decree of Peace (8 November Crimean War (1854-5): 229 Czernin, Count: 155,3°6, 19 17): 374 Croat soldiers: 48 I 37 8,39°,396,4°3-4 Dedeagatch (Aegean Sea): Croatia: 488,507 n.r, 520 Czernowitz (Bukovina): 213, 135-6,484 Croats: 14, 107,3°6-7,332, 254,355 defeatism: 370,457

59° INDEX De Gaulle, Charles: xvii, 41, Dogger Bank (North Sea): Dvinsk (Russia): 213, 384, 132,233,234,527,529-30 127 385,398 Delatyn (Eastern Front): 273 Doiran, Lake (Macedonia): Dyce (Scotland): 274 De La Warr, 9th Earl: 538 326,461,462 Dyson, Hugo: xviii Delfont, Lord: 340 n.z, Dolomites: battles in, 177, Delhi (India): 245 206, 376 Eardley, Private T.:killed in Delvert, Company- Dombasle (France): 52 action, 169 Commander Charles: 250 Dome of the Rock 'Earth ... has waited for Delville, R.: 42 (Jerusalem): 388 them': 330 De/ville Wood (Sornrne). Don Cossacks: 422 East Africa: 24 I 265-6, 455, 542 Donitz, Grand Admiral: 355 East End (London): 291, 340, Dendre, River: 501 n.r 348 Denikin, General: 194 Donovan, William J.: 446 : 48,49,471, Denmark: 33, 34,422 n.I,458 474,53 1 De Pass, Lieutenant EA.: Dorman-Smith, Eric: 98 Easter Uprising (Dublin, killed in action, II3 Douai (France): 487 1916): 242 Dera'a (Syria): 340, 469 Douaumont, Fort (Verdun): Eastern Galicia: 276, 343, De Robeck, Admiral: 140, 231,232,235,246,250, 347,474,520 141 294,448 Ebert, Friedrich: 494, 498, Derwent (British destroyer): Douaumont, Ossuary: 536 517 sunk,329 Doullens (France): 409 Ecouen (France): 68 deserters: 333, 339, 350, 365, Dover (Kent): 47, 210,456 Ecuador: 518 n. I 429,48,456 Dover Castle (British hospital Eden, Anthony (Earl of Des Hommes et des Faits ship): sunk, 329 Avon): xix; serves on the (General Mangin): 533 Dovercourt (Essex): 5I 8 Western Front, 336-7 D'Esperey, General Franchet: 'down with the war': 38 Eden, Nicholas: killed in 74 Doyle, Private Michael: killed action (1916): xix De Valera, Eamonn: 242 in action, 200 n.r Eden, Simon: killed in action Devon (England): 326 Drama (Greece): 278 (1945): xix Dewar, George A.B.: quoted, Dresden (Germany): 523 Edinburgh (Scotland): 89, 383,466 Drews, Dr.: 489 238,395,448,453 'Dickens' (anti-aircraft Drocourt-Queant switch Edmonds, General: xvii, 70, barrage): 193 (19 18): 45 6 292 Dickman, General Joseph T.: Druze: 469 Egerton, General: 133 44 2 Dublin (Ireland): 73, 242 Egypt: 5,7,32,1°5,108, Diego Garcia Island (Indian Duff Cooper, znd Lieutenant 137,17°,184,2°5 n.r , Ocean): IC9 Alfred: 454, 455 236,3°5,419 Dieppe (France): 302 Duffy, Francis P.: 447 Egyptian Expeditionary Dietrichs, General: 33 1-2 Dujaila, Battle of (1916): Force: 325,465 Dimitrievic, Colonel (Apis). 236, 54 2 Egyptian Labour Corps: 361, 17 Dukhonin, General: 295; 372 Dinant (Belgium): 41, 42,58 shot, 385 Einem, General von: 503 disarmament (between the Dukla Pass (Carpathians): Einstein, Albert: 40, 101, wars): 531 108, 142 106,139,177-8, 187,193, Disraeli, Benjamin: 138 Duma, the (Perrograd): 83, 318,335,389,4°0,423, Distinguished Flying Cross: 194-5,296,314,316,328 505,532 4 24 Dumezil, General: 166 Eisenhart-Rothe, General: Distinguished Service Cross: Dunkirk (France): 54,67,83, 194 4°5,516 90, 3Il, 329,412 Eisner, Kurt: 495,5°8; shot, Distinguished Service Order: Dunkirk Evacuation (1940): 5Il 5°1 2°9,426 n.z, 476 n.r Eitel Friedrich, Prince: 6 I Dix, Commander: 146 Dunn, William Newton: 451 Ekaterinburg (Urals): 439, Dixmude (Flanders): 98, 478 n.z 449 Djemnah (troop transport): Dunning, Commander El Arish (Sinai): 255 n.r, 288, torpedoed, 439 n.r Edwin: killed in an air 3°4 Djihani (Sahara desert): 527 crash, 355 Eliot, T.S.: 337 Dniester, River: 343 Dupuy, Lieutenant Kleber: Elisabeth, Empress of Doberitz (Germany): 128 26 5 Austria: 87 n. I Dobrudja (Roumania): 289 Durazzo (Albania): 232 Elisabeth, Queen of the Docherty, Lance-Corporal Duruy, Commandant: 65 Belgians: 87 n.r M.: killed in action, 200 DUsseldorf (Ruhr): 84, 90 Elkington, Lieutenant­ n.r Dvina, River (North Russia): Colonel John: 60, 197 Dodecanese Islands: 185 460 Elliot, General: 267, 268

59 1 INDEX Elsterwerda (Germany): 537 Fao (Persian Gulf): 105, 106 Fisher, Admiral Jackie: 163, Elstob, Lieutenant-Colonel: Farbman, Michael: 343 286 shot dead, 407 Farley, Cardinal: 287 FitzClarence, Brigadier­ EI-Tine (Palestine): bombed, Farmborough, Florence: General: killed in action, 376 154-5,195,201,272-3, 98-9 Ely, Colonel Hanson E.: 426- 276-7,346 Fiume (Adriatic): 481,488, 7 Farnborough (British anti­ 531 Emden (German raider): submarine ship): in action, flamethrowers: 132, 23 I sunk, 109, 110 311 Flanders: 85 Emergency Fleet Corporation Farnsworth, Henry: killed in Flaxanden (Alsace): 5I (USA): 450 action, 197 Fleming, Valentine: in action, Empress (British aircraft Farr, Private Henry: executed, (later killed), II2 carrier): 34 I 288 Flers (Somme): 286 Engel, Antia: quoted, 213 Farrar-Hockley, Anthony: Flesquieres (Cambrai): 379 Engelmann, Paul: 294 quoted, 94, 96 Fletcher, Captain: killed in Enghien (Belgium): 55 Farrington, Private: killed in action, 98 English Channel: 24, 31, 33, action, 298 Fleury (Verdun): 255, 255-6, 35,43,44, 101, 12~ 155 Fastnet Rock (Atlantic 448 Enright, Private: killed in Ocean): 292, 314,436 flies: 169-70, 2II, 285, action, 372, 373 Faversham (Kent): 238 33 8 Entente Cordiale (1904): 32 Feilding, General: 380 Flodden, Battle of (15I 3): Enver Pasha: 4°,152,283, Feisal, Emir (son of Hussein): 5°2 347,389 3°5,429,43°,469 Florence (Italy): 445 n.r Ermenonville (France): 68 Feodosia (Russia): 104 Florina (Greece): 278 Erzberger, Matthias: 494, Ferdinand, King of Bulgaria: Flower, Desmond: 424, 503 498, 500; assassinated, 530 208 n.r, 283,461 Flushing (Holland): 130 Erzerum (Anarolia); 143, Ferdinand, King of Flying Kestrel (tug): 516 227,402,5 27 Roumania: 282 Foch, Ferdinand: I, 52, 56, Eschwege, Lieutenant: killed Fere-Charnpenoise (France): 61,73,74-5,76,82,96, in action, 384 73-4,76 97,375,409-10,415,420, Essad Pasha: 232 Fere-en-Tardenois: mutiny at, 421,427,428,434,442, Essen (Germany): 457 333-4; an aviator killed 454,457,459,472,477, Essey (St Mihiel): 459 near, 441; advance to, 443, 482,486,497,498, 500, Estonia: 227, 386, 401 445; cemetery at, 538 n.r 519,534,537 Etaples (France): 360, 383, Ferrijik (Turkey): 210 Foch, Germain: killed in 414,424 Festubert (Ypres Salient): action, 56 Etendard (French Destroyer): II 2-3 Foley, Private: killed in sunk,3 29 Feuchtinger, Friedrich: 45-6 action, 298 Eton Boating Song: 321 Feversham, Charles: killed in Folkestone (Channel Coast): Etretar (France): 318 action, 293 130,335 Euphrates, River: 106, 135, Feys, Salient du (Western Fontaine (Cambrai): 381 177 Front): 404-5 Fontainebleau 'Europe ... is mad': 257 Fichtencwejg, Dov: Memorandum: 513 Evening Standard: 91, 526 murdered, 33 n. I Fontanka Embankment 'excitement ... of Hun Field, znd Lieutenant Henry: (Perrograd): 401 chasing': 251 killed in action, 261 Ford, Henry: 212 Eydoux, General: 75 Finland (a Russian Province): Foreman, Lieutenant: 55 179-80, 207; declares Formidable (British Fabeck, General von: 96 independence, 386, 394, battleship): sunk, 124 Fackel (satirical broadsheet): 399,401,422,453 Forster, Hans: 255-6 294 Finland, Gulf of: 279 Forster, Wilhelm: 101 Fagalde, Colonel: 65 Finnish national aspirations, The Forty Days (Franz Fairley, Captain G.D.: 259­ 394-5 Werfel): 272, 525 60 Finnegan, Private: 192 Foster, Lance-Corporal H.: Falaba (passenger ship): Finns: 398 27 1 torpedoed, I4I Firle, Lieutenant: 161 Fourteen Points, the Falkenhausen, General von: Firman, Lieutenant O.B.: 241 (8 January 1918): 394, 4 23 Firth, Henry: dies, 397-8 397,472 Falkenhayn, Erich von: 2, 19, Fish, Hamilton: 436 Fox, Sir Frank: quoted, 72, 94,96,97,221, 231, 232, Fisher, Lance-Corporal 174-5 282, 283, 288, 304 Frederick: killed in action, Fox, Corporal Martin: 439- Falkland Islands, Battle of 144 4° (1914): 110 Fisher, H.A.L.: 515 Fox (British cruiser): 255

59 2 INDEX France: and the German French Foreign Legion: Gardelegen (Germany): 186 victory of 1870, 1-2.; pre­ 60,62, I13, I19, 142.,159, Garibaldi, Captain Bruno: 1914 alliances of, 4-5, 7; 196-7,262.-3,443,52.7 killed in action, I19 and the coming of war in Freyberg, Lieutenant Bernard Garibaldi, Lieutenant­ 1914, 19-34,41; and the (later General): 152, 169, Colonel Giuseppe: I19 war in 1914,43,52-3,55­ 298,361-2,42.9,466, 5°1, Garibaldi, Captain Menotti: 6,61,64,68,70-7,83,96, 5°5 24 1 II3; and the war in 1915, Freyberg, Lieutenant Oscar: Garibaldi, General Peppino: 126-7, 129,152.,155,159, killed in action, 169 206 167,196, 206, 2.2.1; and Freyberg, Paul: dies of Garland, Captain: 312 Verdun, 231-5, 237, 2.46, wounds, 341 Garside, Corporal Bernard: 2.5°,2.54,2.55-6,2.5 6-7, Friedlander, Field Marshal 198,486 2. 65,2. 84-5,2.94,2.99-3°0, Johann: deported and gas warfare: in 1915, 143-4, 303; German deportations killed, 107 n.z 145,156,164,197-8,2°4, from, 2.47;and the war in Friedrich der Grosse 217; in 1916, 23 I, 2.4°, 1917,313,32.3,32.4,32.6, (German warship): 355, 246,255,256, 265,275, 368-9; and mutiny, 333-4; 516 285; in 1917, 317, 346-7, turns to Clemenceau, 378; Friedrichshafen (Germany): 351,352-3,362,369, disputes with America, 110 383; in 1918,4°4-5,4°7, 42.0-1,427-8, 52.1-2.; 'frightfulness': 88 4I2.-5, 42.6, 431, 43 2, defiant, 430; and the turn Frise (Western Front): 2.2.7-8 439-42,446,459,461, of the tide on the Western Frogenau (East Prussia): 49 465,473-4, 503-4; and an Front, 437, 443, 454, 457, Fromelles (Western Front): epitaph, 440; and a 460,465; and plans for the 159,2. 67 monument, 539 war in 1919,472.; and the Fryatt, Captain Charles: his Gaulois (French battleship): German armistice terms, brave action, 141; damaged, 136; sunk, 304 478,500;and executed, 2.74;reburied, Gaza: xvii, 6, 214, 245, 305, peacemaking, 5°8-9, 5I 3­ 518 31~ 32.3, 325, 341, 344, 4,514-5,528; and the Fuller, Lieutenant-Colonel 37°,371-2.,376,391 Victory Parade, 519; and (later Major-General) Geddes, Sir Auckland: 386-7 , 52.6, 533, j.Ee.: 381, 42.0 Gehl, Captain: 105 534, 536; and guidebooks, Furious (British aircraft Geiss, Imanuel: 8 n.r 534; and the post-war carrier): 355 'General Malaria': 2.33, 292 world, 53I; and the General Purchasing Board: celebration of the Gaba Tepe (Gallipoli): 146, 358-9 Armistice in 1932., 536-7; 149 Genet, Edmond: in action, wartime military death toll Gahan, the Rev. Horace: 2.02. 196- 7 of,54 I Galicia: II, 38, 50, 78, 103, Geneva (Switzerland): 388-9 Francois, General: 48, 49 165,167,186,2.38,2.73, Genoa (Italy): 436 Francoli (Spanish steamship): 348 Genoa, Gulf of: 329 rorpedoedarr Galley Head (Ireland): 157 Gentelles (Western Front): Franconia(Cunard liner): Gallia (French troop 45° sUnk,292. transport): sunk, 2.92 Geoffrey: killed in action, Frankfurt-on-Main: I Gallieni, General: 68, 71-2 32 4- 5 Franz Ferdinand, Archduke: Gallipoli Peninsula: xvi, xvii­ George III, King: 338 xvii, 6, II, 14, 14-15, 16­ xviii, xix, 105-6, 137, 138, George V, King: 14,22,25, 17,2.0,2.1, 111,2°4,418 140-1, 146-53, 161, 163, 30,43, 171-2, 197, 290, Franz Fischer(British cargo 167-71, 174-5, 177, 180­ 338-9,444, 506 ship): sunk, 230 5, 188-91, 198 n.r, 2.06, George VI, King: 538 Franz Josef, Emperor: 4, I I, 2.°7-8,210-11,2.13,214, Georgia (Russian Empire): 14,17-8,18,19,20,2.1-2., 2.2.0,226,2.30; soldiers 4°,389,422 2.2., 2.3, 107, 2.05; dies, 301 from, 2.67, 2.7°, 2.92., 297, Georgia (USA):62 fraternisation: 46, I17-9, 353,359,370,392,542; Gerard, James W.: 2.8, 39, 2.37-8 to remain Turkish, 530; 157, 176, 205, 212, 246, Frederick the Great (of war graves on, 530-1 287-8,291,306,432 Prussia); 49 n.z., 2.2.7 Galway Castle (ocean liner); Gerbeviller (France): 52,64 Frederick William I (of torpedoed, 463 German bombing policy: Prussia): 5 Gambetta, Leon: 3, 462 130, 177 Freemasons: 398 Gamelin, General: xvii German East Africa: 279, French, Sir John: 35, 56, 59, Gandhi, M.K.: 33, IF, 35°,367,5°9 64,76,85,92.,94,96,97, 532. German New Guinea: 509 114,11~11~144,16~ Gangut (Russian battleship): German Red Cross, the: 76, 178,201,2.16,310 protest on, 206 454

593 INDEX

German Samoa: 5°9 471-2,474,475,478; anti­ Goodyear, Lieutenant German South-West Africa: war feeling in, 227, 256, Hedley: in action, 450; 177, 509 347,355,481-2; military killed in action, 455 Germans (Foreign defeat of (November Goodyear, Lance-Corporal Legionnaires): 62 19 18),492,492-3,494; Raymond: killed in action, Germany: newly united, I; revolution in (19 18), 495, 293-4 aims, 4; resentments, 6; 497-8, 508; military Goodyear, Stanley: killed in fears, 7; her pre-war navy, occupation of (on the action, 450 7-8; and Britain, 11-12., Rhine), 506-507; Gordon, General Charles 12, 13-14; and the coming territorial losses of, 509, (1833-1885): recalled, of war, 18-34, 39; an the 516; and the Teaty of 212 battles of 19 14, 47-50,70­ Versailles, 517-8; and rhe Gordon, Captain G.H.: 208 7,94,95,70-7,94-7,98­ Treaty of St Germain, 520; Gorizia (Isonzo): 142, IF, 9, 100-1; and the Poles and reparations, 481, 500, 177,278 (and the future of Poland), 510,518, 520, 52~ 524, Gorlice (Carpathians): 154, 79,295-6, 344; and 536; and 'war guilt', FO­ 155 Ireland, II4; and Il, 518, 537; wartime Goschen, Sir Edward: II espionage, 89-90; invades death toll in, 540-1 Gotha (Germany): 474 Serbia, 2°4; and Verdun, Gheluvelt (Ypres Salient): 95- 'Gotha' bombers: 334-5, 221,231-5,237,24~250, 6,466 37 2,396, 4 2 4 254,255-6, 265; Ghent (Belgium): 87, 171 Gough, General Sir Hubert: starvation in, 256, 391-2; 'Giant' bombers: 396,403 37,55,160,363,383,4°6, and Roumania, 282-3, Gibbs, Philip: 218-9,263-4, 409,410,534 285,287,288-9,3°2,3°4; 280,3 81, 39~ 525-6 Gouraud, General: 441-2 and a Jewish National Gibraltar: 329,499 Gourko, General: 186 Home, 366; and Gibson, Hugh: 36, 43,44, 51, Gouzeacourt (Western unrestricted submarine 202 Front): 359 warfare, 306, 308, JI8; Gibson, Mary: 171 Grade, Leslie: 340 n.z and Mexico, 308, 312; and Giesl von Gieslingen, Baron: Grade, Lord (Lew Grade): a strategic withdrawal 23,24 340 n.z, (February 1917), 309; Gilbert, Miriam: 291 n.r Gradisca (Isonzo): 142, IF omens for (April 1917), Gillespie, and Lieutenant Graham, Ronald: 373 JI9; and the Russian R.D.: 118 Granados, Enrique: revolution, 328; and Gillison, Reverend A.: killed drowned, 236 negotiations with Russia in action, 189 Grand Couronne (Salonica (culminating in the Treaty Ginchy (Somme): 284 Front): 331,461,462 of Brest Litovsk), 332, Givenchy (Western Front): Grand Duchy of Poland: in 385-6,389-9°,399,4°1• 115, II6, 322 n.j prospect, 295 2; and the continuing Gladstone, Lieutenant W.: Grandeur and Misery of fighting on the Eastern killed in action, 143 Victory (Georges Front (1917-18),347, Glasgow (Scotland): 80 Clemenceau): 536 349,35°,355-6,358,367, Glasse, Thomas: dies aged Grantham, Captain Donald: 385, 398-9,4°°,4°1; and ninety-five, 542 19 8,414,439,44°,515 the occupation of the Godfrey, Sergeant Major S.: Graphic (newspaper); 338 Ukraine and Baltic, 425; killed in action, 238 Grappa, Monte (Italian and the Crimea, 429; and Goeben (German battle Front); 383,433,434,482 Georgia, 432; and the cruiser): 40, 104, '37 Graves, Robert: 172-3, 199, March 1918 offensive, Goering, Lieutenant 502 4°4-5,4°6-15,418,425• Hermann: 337,424,442 Graves, Major Sidney: 5I 6 6,43°,431-2,440-1,442; Goethe: 82, 100, 101 Gray, Randal (and and the arrival of the Golan Heights: 469 Christopher Argyle): Americans, 432, 434-6, Gold Medal for Valour: quoted, 209, 323 441-3; and influenza, 439; 433 Gray Hill, Sir John: 6 continuing military Goliath (British battleship): Grayson, Rupert: wounded, offensive by (August sunk, 161 200 1918),448; imminent Golovin, General: 29 Greacen, Lavinia: quoted, 98 defeat of (August-October Goltz, Field Marshal Baron Great Burstead (Essex): 540 19 18),45°,452,455,457­ von der: 65, 88, 212, 228, The Great Illusion (Norman 8,460,465-7,468,469­ 24 8 Angell): 12 71,475-8,479-80; a Good Hope (British cruiser): Great Lakes (Canada-United Parliamentary regime sunk, 102 States): 329 proclaimed in, 467; and the Goodbye to All That (Robert 'Great Serbia': 348 search for an armistice, Graves): 199 Greater Armenia: 279

594 INDEX Greaves, Captain S.S.: 2.98 Guy's Hospital (London): Hanover Opera House: 357 Greece: 9, 34, 105-6, 12.4, 354 Harcourt, Lewis: 135, 139 135, 136, 137,2.78,342., Hardinge, Lord (Viceroy of 397,518 n.r, 52.0; military The Hague (Holland): 141 India): 135,3°2.,3°3,373 death toll of, 541 Hague Convention, the Hardinge (British cruiser): Greeks: 140 (1907): 36, 102. 2.55 Green, Private James: killed Haifa (Palestine): 2.44, 2.78 Hardy, Alistair: xviii in action, 2.00 n. I Haifa-Damascus railway: Hardy, Thomas: 71,91, 504 Greenland, Mrs: her 2.78,34°,463 Hargrave, John: 185 hawthorn bush, 32.1 Haig, and Earl: 2.2.1 Haritan (Syria): 484 Gregor Hall (Prague): 438, Haig, General Sir Douglas: on Harley, Mrs: killed by a shell, 486 the Western Front, 82., 94, 31° Gregory, Lady: 4 I 3 133,160,186-7,199,2.01; Harnack, Professor von: 40 Grenfell, Captain Julian: his becomes Commander-in­ Harriman (New Jersey): 449 poem, 161; dies of Chief, 2.16; in 1915,2.201; Harris, Corporal: killed in wounds, 161 in 1916, 2.56, 2.56-7, 2.67, action, 198 Grenfell, Monica: 161 2.7°,2.75,2.86; in 1917, Harrods Store (London): 18o Gresham, Corporal: killed in 32.1,32.2.,32.4,32.5,33 1, Hartlepool (Britain): action, 372., 373 336,338,341,350-1,354, bombarded, 110 Gretna Green (Scotland); 358,363,364,369,37°, Harvard: 197,2.88, 317,499 16 3, 34 5 377,380,382.,383; in Harwich (England): 2.74 Grey, Sir Edward: II, 2.0, 2.2., 1918,4°6,4°8,414,415, Haslam, Lieutenant Alec: 451 2.6,3°,33,35,37,46,85, 44°,455,455-6,457,459, Hawke (British cruiser): 86, 134-5, 176-7, 2.2.8, 466,480,482., 506 sunkv ror 396 Haiti: 518 n.r Hawker, Major Lanoe: shot Griggs, Lieutenant A.: killed Haking, General: 160,2.01, down, 301 in action, 380-1 2.67 Hay, Private: killed in action, Grigoriev, General: 186 Haldane, Lord: 18, 4 I 3 372.,373 Grimwade, Private George: Halich (Eastern Galicia): 343, Hay, Ian: 2.2.2.-3 his grave, 531 349 Haymarket (London): 510 Grodno (Russian Poland): Halifax (Nova Scotia): 32.9; a n.r 1°3, 108 disaster at, 387 Hazebrouck (Western Front): Groener, General: 419, 484, Hall, Sergeant-Major 2.204 4 89,494,497,498,517 Frederick: killed in action, Healdton (United States Grossenhain (Germany): 537 144 tanker): sunk, 317 Gryfevale (British Hama (Syria): 2.15 Hedjaz (Arabia); 2.45, 312., steamship): destroyed, 368 Hamadan (Persia): 312. 518 n.r, 52.8 Guatemala: 518 n.r Hamburg (Germany): 395, Hedjaz railway: 312., 340 Guchkov, General: 332. 493 Helga (British gunboat): 2.42. Gueudecourt (Somme): 2.86, Hamel (Western Front): 437 Heligoland Bight, Battle of 2.92. Hamilton, General Sir Ian: (19 14): 63 Guildhall (London): 68, 105 137, 140, 141, 151, 184, 'Hell ... is mud': 313 Guilfoyle, Private John: killed 190, 191 'Help me to die .. .': 2.58 in action, 2.00 n. I Hammersley, General: 185 Helphand, Alexander: I2.5, Guillemont (Somme): 2.71-2., Hamon, Colonel: killed in 2.2.1 2.76,2. 83 action, 75 Helsinki (Finland): 2.06, 32.4, Guise (Western Front): 492. Hampe-Vincent, Captain 374,40 1,419,42.2. Guj Djemal (Turkish P.e.: killed in action, 94 Hembroff, Earl: 2.92.; killed in troopship): sunk, 152. Hampshire (British cruiser): action, 32.0; his poem, Gulflight (American sunk,2.53 32.0-1 merchant ship): sunk, 156, Hampstead Heath (London): Hemingway, Ernest: 438 157 2.5 8 Hemingway, Corporal G.E.: Gullett, H.S. (and Chas Hampton Court (London): 2.71 Barrett): cited, 463-4, 469 52.9 Henley (England): 134 Gully Ravine (Gallipoli): Hampton Roads (Virginia): Henry, Aline: 459 174-5 32.9 Henry, Prince (of Prussia): 2.5 Gumbinnen (East Prussia): 48 Hancock, znd Lieutenant: Herbert, A.P.: his poem, 169- Gundell, General von: 494 killed in action, 56 7° Gunther: killed in action, 493 Hankey, Colonel: 12.4-5, Herbignies (Western Front): Guretzky-Cornitz, General: 14°,43°,468 492. 2.34 Hanna, Battle of (1916): Herd, Private Edmund: 192. Gutersloh (Germany): I2.8 2.208-9 Hermannstadt (Hungary): Guttman, Captain Hugo: 447 Hanover (Germany): 515 2.88

595 INDEX Herrneville (Western Front): 537; and the coming of the Housatonic (American cargo 5°1 Second World War, 538 ship): sunk, 308 Hermies Hill (Western Ho Chi Minh: xvii, 5°9-10 House, Colonel E.M.: 13, Front): 407 Hoare, Sir Samuel: 370 378,435,486 heroism ('of the common Hobhouse, Stephen: 335-6 Housman, A.E.: ;1,-3 man'): 537 Hodgkinson, Frank: 217 n.r Hout, Abbe van den: 42.3 Hersing, Commander Otto: Hodgson, William Noel: his Hove (Sussex): 448 163, 23° poem, 258; killed in Howard, Major H.C.L.: 267 Hertling, Count Georg Von: action, 26o Howard, Roy: 495 385,396429,444,446 Hoffmann, Colonel (later Hradcany Castle (prague): Herve (Belgium): 36 General) Max: 48, 49, 88, 44,486,5°8 Hesperian (passenger liner): 104, 273, ;1,77, 3°9, 3;1,7, Huebner, Clarence R.: 42.6 sunk, 191 3;1,8,335,347,349,355-6, Hugenberg, Alfred: 155 Hess, Sergeant Rudolf: 367,386,398,399,4°1, Huj (Gaza): 371 wounded for the third time, 45 2,457 Hulluch (Western Front): 362 Hog Island (NewJersey): 449 198-9 Hibberd, Dominic: quoted, Hogue (British cruiser): sunk, Hulse, Lieutenant Sir 317-8 84 Edward: 1I7 Higgins, Private John: killed Hohenzollern Bridge Hungarian National Council in action, 200 n. I (Cologne): 507 (Budapest): 481 High Wood (Somme): 250, Hobenzollem (imperial Hungarian troops: in Italy, ;1,65, ;1,66, ;1,83, ;1,86 yacht): 19 376; at Pees, 42.9; in Highgate, Private Thomas: , 491 shot, 7;1,-3 (Western Front); 203 Hungary: 14, 17, 88, 107, Highgate School (London): Holborn (London); 193 14;1,,276,282.,2.85,383, 8;1,n.;I, Holland: 33, 34, 88, 14 1-;1" 429,479,481,484,488, Hill 60 (Gallipoli): 189 5°0 491, 507, 520, 520-1, 523 Hill Q (Gallipoli): 18;1, Holland, Major c.: killed in Huns, the: 2 Hilton Young, E.: ;1,79 action, 521 Hunter-Weston, General Himmler, Heinrich: 58,63 Holland, Colonel Tom: 224-5 Aylmer: 168,275 Hindenburg, General (later Holmes, Lieutenant-Colonel Hurlus (Champagne): Field Marshal) Paul von: in Gordon: 61 destroyed, 206 1914,48,49,88, 107; in holocaust (on the Western Hurt, General: 274 1915, u6; in 1916, ;1,73, Front): 267 Husiatyn (Eastern Galicia): 282-3,288; in 1918,444, Holtby, Winifred: 3;1" IIO, 35° 451,461,466,472,475, 239-40,519 Hussein, Sherif of Mecca: 84, 478,482,483,489,497; Holtzendorff, Admiral: ;1.27, 214,215,255,484 post-war, 515, 517, 532 306 Hutchinson, Lance-Corporal 'Hindenburg' (a fighting Holy Places (Palestine): 140 W.: killed in action, 2.00n. I spider): 388 Horns (Syria): 21 5 Hyde Park Comer (London): Hindenburg (German Honduras: 518 n.r 521 warship): 517 Hong Kong: 439 Hyde Park (New York State): Hindenburg Industrial Hooge (Ypres Salient): 178, 499 Programme: 287 218 hysteria: 357-8 Hindenburg Line: 288,308­ Hook of Holland hysterical manifestations: 9,320,455,456,459,460, (Netherlands): 274 201 465,47°,475,49° Hoppe, Captain: 127 Hindus: war graves of, 372 Hornby, Captain: 55 'I cannot stand it': 2.88 Hintze, Admiral Paul von: Home, Alistair: cited, U3, 'I curse the fate that sent us 434,496,497 198 n.a, ;1,21, ;1,33, ;1,35, 303 ...': 476 Hipper, Admiral Franz von: 'horrible ... beyond human 'I don't want to die': 2.2.3 251-2,485 nature to bear': 39;1, 'I have a rendezvous with Hiramo Maru (Japanese Horridge, Second Lieutenant Death .. .':263 liner); torpedoed, 471 G.: 181 'I heard them call ... for help': Hitchcock, Captain, E: 192 Horrocks, Brian: 217 n.r 2.49 Hitler, Adolf: xvii, ;1,9, 3;1" 47, Horse Guards Parade 'I wait ... to shoot': 321 9 1-;1,,95,96,97-8,114, (London): 38 Ignatiev, Count Alexei: 29 126,143 n.r, 155 n.r, ;1,43 horses: 161,235, ;1,55> 477, Illinois (USA): 3u n.r, 362,424,436n.a 447, 479 Imperial War Graves 452; temporarily blinded Horthy, Admiral Miklos: 521 Commission (later (1918),478; recovers, 508; Hotzendorf, Baron Conrad Commonwealth War his path to power, 51I, von: 5-6,9,13,18, ;1,1, 22, Graves Commission): 325­ 515,516, P4, 532, 536, 45, 107,;1,°5,;1,24,390 6,52.8,529,534,538 INDEX Imperial War Museum Irkutsk (Siberia): 439 Jagow, Gottlieb von: 9,13, (London): 119 n.r , 473 n.r Iron Cross: 98, 114, 127, 21,24, 114, 295 Indefatigable (battle cruiser): 17 6,182,228,238,362, Jahnow, Senior Lieutenant: xix; sunk, 251 447,539 killed in an air crash, 47 Independent (newspaper): Ironside, General Sir William: Jamal Pasha: 108-9,214,245 528, 542 49 James, Lawrence: quoted, Indian Empire, the: 8 126, Irresistible (British 321 13°,131,135,136-7,208, battleship): sunk, 136 Jamoigne (Belgium): 56 437; influenza in, 479; Isahakian, Avetik: 167 Janowitz, Franz: killed in military death toll of, 54 I IsandIwana, Battle of (1879): action, 369 Indian immigration: 139 2, 57 n.1 Japan: 46,123,439,5°9, Indian Labour Corps: 245 Islam: 167 SII,522 Indian Ocean: 18, 109, 329 Ismailia (Egypt): 128 Japanese naval assistance: Indian troops: in action, 93- Ismet, General (later Ismet 329 4,95,96,97, 1°5-6,112­ Inonu): 370-1 Japanese troops: 84, 519 3,115-6,131,133,14°, !sonzo, River: 7, 142, 204, Jarvis, Captain: 210 144,174,181,202,211, 235,294,295,310,332, jassy (Roumania): 301 21 3, 24 5, 30 5, 31~477, 356,365,369,370,413 Jauglonne (Marne): 430, 443 484, 506; mutiny, 130; Israel, State of: 109 n.r jaures, Jean: assassinated, 28 drowned at sea, 194; their Istria (Austria): lSI, 33 2; Jeddah (Arabia): 255 graves, 220 n.a, 322 n.r; a ceded to Italy, 520 Jehovah: 'slays the innocent', death march of, 247-8; Italian troops (on Western 335 quell a mutiny, 361; Front): 442 jellicoe, Admiral Sir John belittled, 391 Italian aircraft (on Western Rushworth: 251-2 Indo-China: 235 n. I Front): 458 Jenin (Palestine): 463 'infinite hatred': 453 Italians (Foreign Jericho (Palestine): 388,391, Inflexible (British battleship): Legionnaires): 62, 142; 4°2 damaged, 136 (in the American army), Jerusalem (Palestine): xvii, 6, influenza (the Spanish 'flu): 449 109, 140 n.r, 142, 245, 437,439,477,479,499, Italy: a neutral (in 1914), 5, 312,325,341,344,371, 508,520, 540 7,10,34,89, 123; (in 376,377,387-8,390,43°, Ingham, Albert: 'shot at 19 15), 125, 134, 135, 137, 463 dawn', 302 142, 151; a belligerent (in Jerusalem Post: xxi Inglis, Lieutenant Donald: 1915), 165-6, 177, 190; Jesus: invoked, 43, 103-4, killed in plane crash, 445 (in 1916),235,241,248, 203,209,400,493,525, Inonu (Anatolia): 371 n.r 252,256,278-9, 285, 294; 539 Inter-Allied Munitions (in 1917), 310, 332, 339, Jewish aspirations: 214, 305, Council (1918): 452 356, 364, 365,369-7°, 373 International Committee of 375-6,383-4,388,39°; Jewish National Home (in the Red Cross (I.C.R.C.): (in 1918), 413, 429, 432­ Palestine): 135, 366, 429, 299 4,436,437-8,482-3,485, 509, 528 International Socialist 488,491,5°9,511,53°; Jews: xx, 79, 103, 107 n.a, Conference (1915): 192-3 wartime death toll in, 54 I 108-9,113,139,14°,186 International Tribunal, the Ivan the Great (1462-15°5): n.r, 336, 347 n.a, 373, 398, (at The Hague): 11-12,23, 316 n.r 400 n.a, 423, 430, 449, 27 luernia (British troop 49°,5°8,528,532,539 International Women's Peace transport): sunk, 305 jezreel Valley (Palestine): 463 Congress (The Hague): 'Jigsaw' (anti-aircraft 14 1 jablonitsa Pass barrage): 193 intervention (against Russia): (Carpathians): 273 Jimmie: and a General's SI5-6 Jabotinsky, Vladimir: 150, salute, 435-6 Invergordon (Scotland): 214, 373 Jimmy (the barman): 327 356 'Jack Johnsons': 93, 161, 165 Joffe, Adolf: 385, 390 Invincible (British battle Jackh, Ernst: 126 Joffre, General Joseph cruiser): sunk, 252 Jackson, Brigadier-General: Jacques Cesaire: 2,47 n.r, Iraq: 484 n.r, 509 4°9 56,61,64,70,74,78,81, Ireland: 78, 114,242,283, Jacobite Christians: 83, 113,17~200,216, 413 murdered, 167 230,234, SI9 Irish Brigade, an: in prospect, Jacquemin, M.: dies, 75 Johnson, Captain W:: at 78, 114 Jadar Valley (Serbia): 50 Laos, 201 Irish Sea: 188, 391 Jadar, Battle of the (1914): 50 Johnson, Janitor: xv Irish troops: 37 Jaffa (Palestine): 108, 142, Johnston, Chief Petty Officer: Irish-Americans: 449 377,43° 168, 168-9

597 INDEX Jolimetz (Western Front): 492 Kaunitz, Prince (17II-94): Kilmer, Corporal Joyce: his Jolly, Private Thomas: killed 39° poem, 404; killed in in action, 200 n. I Kavalla (Greece): 278 action, 447 'Jolly boating weather': 321 Kawachi (Japanese King George V (battleship): Joncherey (France): 3I, 533 battleship): blown up, 439 15 Jones, Ernest: killed in action, n.r Kingdom of Poland: 173 Kazan (Volga): 449 proclaimed.uyy Jones, George: a Gallipoli and Kee, Robert: quoted, 242 King's Cross Station air combat veteran, 542 Keegan, John: quoted, 334 (London): 290 Jones, H.A.: quoted, 265,464 n.a King's Lynn (England): 125 Jones, Nigel H.: 173 Kellermann, General: his Kingstown-Holyhead ferry: Jordan, River (Palestine): victory (1792),206 n.z 477 464,486 Kellogg, Dr Frank: 213 Kionga Triangle Joseph (of the coat of many Kemal, Mustafa (later (Mozambique): 509 colours): 312 Ataturk): 147-8, 151,174, Kipling, and LieutenantJohn: Joubaire, znd Lieutenant 182,236,279,371 n.r , killed in action, 200 Alfred: killed in action, 250 463,484, 523,528, 5~0 Kipling, Rudyard: xvii, xxi; Jouinot-Gambetta, General: Kemmel (Western Front): quoted, 96; and the death 462 359,418 of his son, 200; and Jourdain, M.: shot, 75 Keneally, Private W.: dies of reparations, 518 Joynson-Hicks, William: 100 wounds, 149 Kiretch Tepe (Gallipoli): 185 judaean Hills (Palestine): 376 Kensington (London): 302 Kirk, znd Lieutenant James: Judenburg (Austria): 421 Kent (England): 424 493 'judicial murder': 274 Keogan, Private Horace: Kitchener, Lord: 37, 38,47, Julian Alps: 376 killed in action, 200 n. I 59,64,70,76,80,85,86, julius Caesar: 314 Kerensky, Alexander: 332, 92,94,121,122, 124,134, [ulnar (paddle steamer); 241 33 2-3,342,343,349, 135, 137, 144, 145, 14 6, jumeaux Ravine (Salonica 35°,360,373-4 152, 163, 178, 184, 186­ Front): 326 Kermanshah (Persia): 312 7,190, 207-8,211; Juno (British cruiser): 157 Kerr, Private John: a hero, drowned, 253; recalled, jurgens, Fritz: killed in 286-7 47 1 action, 188 n. I Kerr, Philip: 388-9,4°3 Kitchener's Army (the New jutland, Battle of (1916): xix, Keskula (a revolutionary): Army): 80, 100, 159-60, 25 1-2 227 17~ 18~ 183,201,216 Jutland coast (of Denmark): Ketchum, John: 274 Kizil Rabat (Mesopotamia): 13° Kettle, Tom: 'desperately 317 Juvigny (Western Front): 456 anxious to live', 283; killed Klein Zillebeke (Ypres in action, 284 Salient): 96 Kajmakcalan, Mount Kevork, Catholicos: 143 Kluck, General von: 54, 65, (Salonica Front): 288 Keyes, Commodore Roger: 72,74,75 Kalish (Russian Poland): 33 201,417 'Knave of Hearts' (anti- Kalmuck soldiers: 357 Keynes, ].M.: 5I 8 aircraft barrage): 193 Kalush (Eastern Front): 343, Khan, Sepoy Usman: his Kneussel, General von: 234 347 bravery, 93-4 Knjazevac (Serbia): 205 Kamenev, Leo: 385 Khanikin (Mesopotamia): Knowles, Major: killed in 'Kamerad': 426 245 action, 56 Kanitz, Count: 29, 34 Kharkov (Ukraine): 295, 386, Knox, Colonel A.: 31, 107, Kannengiesser, Colonel: 40- 4 19 2° 7, 29 5, 3° 9, 316, 327, I, 150, 168, 169, 17~ 181 Khartoum, Siege of (1884-5): 328,373,374 Kansas (USA): 426 212 Kobis, Albin: executed, 355 Kant, Imanuel: 100 Khaust, Lieutenant: 327 Koenig, Captain: drowned, Kapp Putsch (1920): 524 Kholm (Russian Poland): 255 127 Karakilise, Battle of (1918): Kidder, Edward I.: his poem, Kohl, ChancellorHelmut: 540 422 380 Koja Chemen Tepe Karakol Dagh (Gallipoli): 184 Kiel (Germany): 18,491, (Gallipoli): 181, 182 Karlsruhe (Germany): 255 493,495,497 Kokoschka, Oskar: 46, 165, Karolyi, Count Michael: 481, KieiBay: 15 176,179,180, 2°3-4,523­ 488 Kiel Canal: 4, 22 4 Kars (Anatolia): 401, 422, Kielce (Russian Poland): 40 Kolnische Volkszeitung: 157 527 Kienthal (Switzerland): 241 Kolomea, Battle of (1916): Karsavina, Tamara (1885­ Kiev (Ukraine): 333, 396, 256 1978): 328 401, 526 Konigsberg (East Prussia): Karthaus (Germany): 424 Kilid Bahr (Dardanelles): 105 48, 238 INDEX Konopischt (near Prague): La Bassee (Western Front): 241,255,305,340,344, 14-5 122, 159 429,469 Konstanz (Germany): 34 La Boiselle (Somme): 262, Lawson, Lance-Corporal H.: Korean War (1950-1): 94, 264 killed in action, 200 n. I 400 n.r Labour Leader, the: 38, 164 Ldziany (Eastern Galicia): Komilov, General: 343-4, La Chaudiere (Western 344 35°,386 Front): 322 n.3 : 509, 518, Kortekeer (Ypres Salient): 93 Laconia (Cunard liner): sunk, 522,522-3,531-2,535 Kos (Dodecanese Islands): 314 League of Nations Assembly: 18 5 La Courtine (Western Front): 53 2 Kosovo, Battle of (1389): 16 196,206 League of Nations Covenant: Kosturino defile (Bulgaria): La Courtine (central France): 522, 523 464 360,361 Leasou/e Castle (troop Kovno (Eastern Front): 12.9, Ladino (Spanish-Jewish transport): sunk, 419 186,194,482 language): 277 n.r Le Bac-de-Sud (Doullens Kowel (Eastern Front): 35 5, Lafayette, Marquis of (1757- Road): 473 356 1834): 342 Lebanon (Ottoman Empire): Kragujevac (Serbia): 205 n.r Lafayette Squadron: 239 135,237,469; a French Kramar, Dr Karel: 14,44,366 La Ferte-Milon (France): 74 Mandate, 509 Krasnik (Russian Poland): La Ferre-sous-jouarre Leblois, General: 56 45,78 (France): 72, 83, 534 Lebrun, Albert: 536 Krasnostaw (Eastern Front): Laffaux (Chemin des Dames): Le Careau (France): 58, 59­ 176 369 60,69,476,480 Krasnov, General: 422 Laffin, John: quoted, 231 Le Cateau, Battle of (1914): Kraus, Karl: 291 n.z, 294 L'Humanitei 28 59-60, 69 Kreisler, Fritz: 46, 433 Laibach (Slovenia): xvi, 461, Lechfeld (Bavaria): 511 Kremlin (Moscow): 374 488 Leckie, Captain Robert: 448 Kress, Lieutenant-Colonel Laidlaw, Piper P.: 197 Le Clos (Arnaville): (later General): 40-1, 128, Laing, Lieutenant E.W.D.: destroyed, 113 370,371,372 269 Ledwidge, Lance Corporal Krithia (Gallipoli): 149, 150, Lamia (Greece): 397 Francis: 188-9; killed in 152,168-7°,174,181,190 Lanao (United States action, 353 Kronstadt (Gulf of Finland): steamer): sunk, 292 Leech, Ben: a soldier- 315,349,374,515 Lancashire: 149 gardener, 539 Kronstadt (Hungary): 289, Lancken, Baron von der: Leeds (England): 335 327 202 Leete, Alfred: 70 Kruger, Unteroffizier: Landshut (Bavaria): 58,63 Lefevre, Andre: 526 mentioned in British Langemarck (Ypres Salient): Legion d'Honneur: 254,443, despatches, 379 93, 144, 356, 418 446 n.r Kruiseecke (Ypres Salient): 94 Langres (France): 507 Le Havre (France): 59, 130, Krupp's: 155,212,231,407, Lanrezac, General: 51,56, 23°,354,409 457 57,59,61,64,66,74 Leigh-Mallory, George: 270 Kuhl, General Hermann von: Lansing, Robert: 188,222 Leigh-Mallory, Trafford: 270 365, 468 Laon (France): 399,478 n.r, 45 I n.z, Kuhlmann, Baron Richard Lascelles, Sir Alan: 529 Leighton, Roland: 20, 144, von: 385, 39°,434 Lansdowne, Lord: 384-5 200; dies of wounds, 217 Kukat, Captain: 499 n.r Lassigny (Western Front): Leiningen, Prince Emich von: Kum Kale (Dardanelles): 131 431,454 114 Kun, Bela: 520 La Traviata (Verdi): 220 Leinster (ferry): sunk, 477" Kurds (and Kurdistan): 528, Latvia: 386,395,528 Leipzig (Germany): 53 53° Laurentic (armoured Leipzig, Battle of (1813): Kurland (Russian Baltic): merchant cruiser): sunk, 10 139,194,403 31° Leipzig Redoubt (Somme): Kurna (Mesopotamia): 106, Lausanne Agreement (1932): 260 140 , 167 536 Leipzig War Crimes Tribunal: Kursk, Battle of (1943): 295 Lausanne Treaty (1923): 530 33° n.r, 441 n.r La Ville-aux-Bois-les­ Leith (Scotland): 63,238 Kut (Mesopotamia): 174, Pontaverts (Western Leknica (Serbia): III 202,211-2, 213, 215, Front): 425 Le Leomonr Farm (near 228-9,236,241; surrender La Voie Sacree (Verdun): 231, Luneville): 52 of, 244-5; death march 232,235 Lemberg (Eastern Galicia): from, 247-8; recaptured, Lawrence, Captain T.E. xviii, 46, 176, 343, 474, 312, 542; recalled, 377 ('Lawrence of Arabia'): 508 n.r, 520

599 INDEX Le Mesnil-les-Hurlus Liege (Belgium): 36-7,41, influenza in, 479; and the (Champagne): destroyed, 43,470.50-1,69,3°6, armistice, 502, 502-3 2.06 5°0 London County Council: Lenin, V.I.: xviii; in exile, 38, Lieven (Western Front): 322 121-2. 39-40, 106, 12.5, 192.-3, n·3 London Opinion: 70 2.01,2.42.,2.96,316; returns Liggett, General Hunter: London Soviet: 348 to Russia, 317, 319, 32.7, quoted,42.7 London, Treaty of (1839): 32. 332.,349; in power, 374, Lihons (Western Front): 455 Lone Pine (Gallipoli): 181 386,395,396,397,398, Lille (France): xx, 90, 130, Long Island (New York 399,401,412.,42.5 n.r , 194,268,336,480 State): 109 449,452.,47°,481,491, Limanowa (Western Galicia): Longarone (Italy): 376 494 108 Longford, Brigadier-General Lens (Western Front): 470, Limburg (Germany): II4 Lord: killed in action, 189- 47 6 Lindley, General: 185 9° Leonardo da Vinci (Italian lines of communication (in Longpont (France): 66 battleship): blown up, 2.79 Europe): 319 Longshaw, Alfred: executed, Leopold of Bavaria, Prince of: Linsmeau (Belgium): 41 3°2 39° Lion (British battleship): in Longueval (Somme): 262, Le Quesnoy (Western Front: action, 2.52. 265 492. Lisle, Major-General H. de Longwy (France): 53, 155 Lerchenfeld, Count Hugo B.: 2.62. Loos (Western Front): 164, von: 14 Lithuania: 4, 139, 194,42.1, 187, 191 Leroux, Jules: killed in action, 42.9,49 1,52.7,531 Loos, Battle of (1915): 197­ 173 Lithuanians: 194 201, 203-4; recalled, 2.24­ Le Sars (Somme): 2.92. Little Entente (formed in 5 Lesculiu, Mount 1920): 531 Lord Nelson (British (Roumania): 2.89 Lityeiny Prospect battleship): 152 Leslie, Lady (Leonie): 91 (Petrograd): 3 I 5 Lorraine: 52,372,373,493, Leslie, Norman: killed in Litzmann, General: 347 499 action, 91 Litzmannstadt (German­ 'lost battalion': 470 Lesnica (Serbia): 50 occupied Poland, 1939- Louisiana (USA): 62 Lessines (Belgium): 501 45): 347 n.r Louvain (Belgium): 42-3, Le Thoult (France): 74 Liverpool (England): 80, 89, 81 Lettow-Vorbeck, General 140,334, 338,414 Lovcen, Mount von: 2.41,367, 505 Llandovery Castle (British (Montenegro): 22.5 Letts (Latvians): 194 hospital ship): torpedoed, Lowndes, Trooper E.W.: his Leuze Wood (Somme); 2.80, 43 6 grave, 53 I 2. 83-4 Lloyd George, David: 2.2,23- Lowry-Cole, General: killed Le Verguier (Western Front): 4,83, IH, 135, 137, 162., in action, 16o 4°7 166,216; Prime Minister Luard, Sister K.: 130 Leviathan (troopship): p2 (from December 1916), LUbeck (Baltic): 493 Levit, Dr Jan: 417-8 3°3,311,325,329,338, Lublin (Russian Poland): 474 Lewis, Private Charles: killed 34I,35~ 358,369,375, 'Lublin Poles' (1944): 474 n.r in action, 200 n. I 377,378, 388,390; (in Lucifer, Prince of Darkness: Lewis, znd Lieutenant D.G.: 1918),393,4°2,4°3,4°8, 293 4 15 410,411,416,420-1,428, Ludendorff, General Erich: in Lewis, Lance-Sergeant G.: 44°,446,451,452,466, 1914,36,37,47,48-9,88, killed in action, 200 n. I 478,481,486; (post-war), 104; in 1915, 194; in 1916, Lewis, Major Isaac Newton: 5°3,5°7,510,513,517, 2.73,282., 287,2.95,2.96, 67 52.6-7,537 303; in 1917, 309, 346, Leyser, Karl: 10 n.r Locarno Agreements (1925): 349, 363, 364, 369; in Liberia: 518 n.I 524,531 1918,40~4IO,4I~418, Libre Belgique: 237,423 Locre (Western Front): 418 425,432.; and Germany's Libya: 10,210,499 n.r Lody, Karl: executed, 89-90 last attempts at victory, Lichnowsky, Prince: 18, 19- Lodz (Russian Poland): 103, 44~448,450,45I,455, 20,20,2.1,30,403 104, 106-7,347 n.r 457,458,466; and Liddell Hart, Basil: 1,74 Loire, River (France): 420 Germany's collapse, 468, Liddle, Peter: quored, 259; his London (England): 3, 33, 38, 47°,471,472,475,480, work as a historian, 2.99 59,68,80,85,8~ IO~ 482,483; alongside Hitler, n.r I09,2I~2.I~345,388, 524 Liebknecht, Karl: 187, 2.40, 396,453,468; Zeppelin Ludwig, Emil: 535-6 256,319,47°,474,481, and air raids on, 2.38, 339­ Lukov, General: 461, 468 498; murdered, 508 4°,368,372,4°3,424; Luneville (France): 52.,368

600 INDEX Luneville, Treaty of (1801): McMahon, Private James: Mannion, Sergeant: 226 52 killed in action, 200 n.r Mannock, Major Edward: Lupkow Pass (Carpathians): Macmillan, Harold: xvii, xix, killed in action, 445 139 19 8,246-7,266,275, Mansel Copse (Somme): Lusitania (British ocean 284, 286 260-1 liner): sunk, 156-8, 188, McNee, Major JoW.: 351 Mansion House (London): 191, 205,237,359,511, MacNeill, Eoin: 242 253 537 McWhirter, Private Hugh: Maori troops: 182 Luther, Martin (1483-1546): killed in action, 184 Marasesti (Roumania): 358 101 Mack, Louise: 86-7 Marc, Franz: killed in action, Lutsk (Russia): 188, 194, Mackensen, General August 233; and the horses, 235 253,396,398 vom 154, 285,289,3°1, Marchais-en-Brie (France): Lutzoui (German battle 3°2 74 cruiser): disabled, 252 Macker, Lieutenant-Colonel: Marchal, Lieutenant: 255 Luxembourg: 30, 31, 500 in action, 233-4; killed, 234 Mareuil-en-Dole (Western Luxemburg, Rosa: 141,471; Mader, Sergeant-Major Max: Front): 447 murdered, 508 443-4 Marfaux (Western Front): Lvov, Prince: 316, 349 Maddocks, Graham: quoted, 44 1 Lyck (Eastern Front): 129 27 1,359 Margate (England): 187 Lydda (Palestine): 377 Maeterlinck, Maurice: 82, Margny (France): 74 Lys, Battle of (1918): 412-3, 45 2 Margutti, Colonel: 17 414,418 (Germany): 120 Marianas Islands (Pacific): Lys, River (France): 412,501 Magdeburg (German cruiser): 5°9 Lys Salient (19 18): 457 runs aground, 102 Marina (British liner): sunk, Maggiore, Mount (Isonzo): 29 2 Ma'an (Transjordan): 429 369 Marix, Flight-Lieutenant Ro: M'Ready-Diarmid, Captain: Magnard, Alberic: dies 90 killed in action, 382 during an act of defiance, Marmara, Sea of: 134, 136, MacArthur, Colonel 68 14 6,152 Douglas: 400, 404-5, 446, Mahon, General: 185 Marmarice (Anatolia): 135 459,480,49°,494,512 Maida Vale (London): 403 Marne, River: 2 n.r, 65, 68, McCallum, Private John: Maidos (Gallipoli): 146, 150 70,410,427,43c,442,443 killed in action, 200 n.r Mainz (Germany): 234, 500 Marne, Battle of: xx, 66-72; McCrae, John M.: his poem, Maissemy (Western Front): German retreat from, 82; a 156; dies, 396 4°7 memorial to, 534 Macdonald, Sergeant Ma;estic (British battleship): Marquette (British Alexander: killed in action, sunk, 163-4 troopship): torpedoed, 299 Makay, Lieutenant Colonel 194 Macdonald, Lyn: xxii; Iven: 269 Marriott-Watson, Lieutenant quoted, 219-20 Malincourt (Verdun): 234 RoB o: killed in action, 409 MacDonald, Ramsay: 80, Malines (Belgium): 81, 274 Marseilles (France): 361, 507 335,348 Malmaison, Fort de la Marshall, Captain George e.: Macedonia: 177,204,205, (Chemin des Dames): 369 360,365,459 461,468,474, 507 n.r Malra: 34, 149, 184, 24 1 Marshall, Lieutenant­ Macedonians: 461 Marnetz (Somme): 250-I, Colonel James: 493 MacFarlane, David: quoted, 260, 455, 512 Marshall Islands (Pacific): 184, 294 Mametz Wood (Somme): 5°9 Macfie, Sergeant: 116-7 264, 26 5 Martin, Captain DoL.: killed McHugh, Private Patrick: Mametz-Carnoy road in action, 260 killed in action, 200 n.r (Somme): 263 Martin-Leake, Lieutenant- Macintosh, Ewart: 299 Managam (Royal Navy Colonel Arthur: 354 n.r McIntosh, Private John: yacht): 312, 340 Martinpuich (Somme): 286 killed in action, 200 n.r Manchester Guardian, the: Marwitz, General: 356 McKey, Lieutenant Edward 38,459 Mary, Queen: 14 M.: killed on the Italian Mandates (of the League of Mary Rose (British Front, 436 Nations): 509, 528 destroyer): sunk, 367 Mackinlay, Andrew: 288 n.r Mangin, General: 58, 324, Masaryk, Dr Thomas: 44, Mackintosh, Lieutenant 45 6,478,533 385,438,479,5°8 Edward: his poem, 249-50; Manifesto to the Civilised Masnieres (Cambrai): 379, killed in action, 250 World: 100-1 382 McLennan, Private James: Manifesto to Europeans: 101 Massiges (Western Front): killed in action, 200 n.r Mannerheim, Gustav: 179, 206 McMahon, Sir Henry: 215 399,422 Masterman, j.C« 296

601 INDEX Masurian Lakes (East Meteor V (royal yacht): 15 Mitterand, President: 540 Prussia): 49 Meteren (France): 90 444 Modane (France): 387 Mara Hari (Gertruida Zelle): Metternich, Prince (1773- Moevres (Cambrai): 380 executed, 368 18 59 ): 39° Mogilev (Russia): 314, 315, Marajur, Mount (Isonzo): 369 Metz (Lorraine): 1,23 1,402, 316,385,4°1 Matapan, Cape (Greece): 305 431,459 Moldau, River (Bohemia): 44 Matsu (Japanese destroyer): Meurcy Farm (Western Moloch: 'inexorable', 186 329 Front): 447 Molodych (Eastern Front): Maubeuge (France): 55 Meuse, River: 7, 233, 465, 154 Maud, Queen (of Norway): 47 2,478,479,49°,494, Moltke, Field Marshal 444 495,499-500 Helmuth von (1800­ Maude, General: 317 Meuse-Argonne (Western 1891): 101 Maunoury, General: 66, 68, Front): 173 Moltke, Count Helmut von 7 1 Meuse-Argonne, Battle of (1848-1916): 8-9, 13, 27, Mauritania (British ocean (1918): 465-6, 467-8, 468, 3°,35,43,48, 57,73,8~ liner): 157, 502 47 0,475,477,490 94 Max of Baden, Prince: 45 I, Mew, Charlotte: her poem, Monastir (Serbia): 297, 310, 471-2,474,475,480,481, 521 32 6,331 483-4,487,49°,495,498 Mexico: 308, 312, 3 I 8 Monchy (Western Front): Maxim, Hiram: 300,301 n.r Miall-Srnith, znd Lieutenant 222, 321, 322, 324 Maze, Paul: xix, 29, 57,60- Eric: 259 Mond, Sir Alfred: 345 n.r 1,76,285,297,467,468 Michael, Grand Duke (of Money, Major Robert: 257 Meaux (Marne): 428 Russia): 14, 193 Monmouth (British cruiser): Mecca (Arabia): 137,255 Michael, Tsar (1613-1645): sunk, 102 Medaille Militaire: 197 316 n. I Monro, General Sir Charles: Medes and Persians: 287 Michaelis, Dr Georg: 347 207-8, 211 Medina (Arabia): 255,340 Michelin maps and Mons (Belgium): 54,55,499, Mediterranean Sea: 3 I guidebooks: 66, 206 50 1- 2 Megiddo (Palestine): 463 Middleton, jim: 460-1 Mons, Battle of (1914): 57­ Meikitla, Battle for (1945): Milan (Italy): 370,438 9; retreat from, 63, 69,7°, 542 Milbanke, Lieutenant- 201; a memorial to, 521 Mein Kampf (Adolf Hitler): Colonel Sir john: killed in Mons Star (1914): 501-2 508,532 action, 189 Mons-Conde canal: 54, 56 Meinertzhagen, Richard: 370 Milestone, Lewis: 535 n.r Mont Blanc (French Memel (Baltic): 53 I Military Cross: 243,250, merchant ship): blows up, Mendip Hills (England): 456 260,299 n.r , 345, 351, 387 Menil Lepinois (Western 53 8 Montague, Captain 'Cardy': Front): 442 Military Medal: 242 297-8 Menin (Belgium): 91, 92, 99, Miliukov, Paul: 3 I 6 Montauban (Somme): 260, 468 Millbank Hospital (London): 262 Menin Gate (Ypres): xvii, 5°2 Montdidier (Western Front): 354,533 Millerand, Alexandre: 83, 4 10,43 1 Menin Road (Ypres Salient): 178,533 Montenegrin soldiers: 357 93, 357 Millet, General: 82 Montenegrins: 461 Mensdorff, Count: 43, 388, Millet, Captain Philippe: 123 Montenegro: 44, 204, 225-6, 506 Milliardet, M.: shot, 75 319 n.r, 394; military Meran (Austrian Tyrol): 434 Milner, Lord: 35°,446,466 death toll of, 541 Mercier, Cardinal: 274 Minas (Italian troop Montfaucon (Meuse­ Mersey (England): 127 transport): sunk, 310 Argonne): 466, 467, 479, Merville (France): 415 minorities: in Yugoslavia, 5°7 Mesnil, M.: murdered, 75 506; in Czechoslovakia Montgomery, Lieutenant Mesopotamia: xix, 12, 105- and Poland, 516; (later Field Marshal) B.L.: 6,137,139,14°, 167, throughout Eastern xvii, 90-1 173-4,202,211-2, 215, Europe, 523; rights of, Montmartre (Paris): 357 226,228-9,236,241, asserted, 53 I Montmirail (France): 74 244-5,247-8,3 12-3,3 17, Minsk (White Russia): 398 Montreal (Canada): 166 327,389,469,481,484, Miracle of the Vistula (1920): monuments: 52 n.r , 419, 4 88, 5°9 527 441,521,525,531,533, Messines (Flanders): 92,125- Missir (British troop 534,538,539,54° 6,222,337,341,414 transport): torpedoed, 4 I 9 Moon Island (Gulf of Riga): Messines-Wytschaete Ridge Missouri (USA): 62, 33ls 367 (Western Front): 336, 337 Missy-aux-Bois (Western Mooney, Thomas j.: 274-5 Mestre (Italy): 403 Front): 334 Moore, Arthur: 63, 66

602 INDEX Moore, Lieutenant-Colonel Munich Agreement (1938): Narva (Russia): 401 H.G.A.: killed in cold 454 n.r Nasiriyeh (Mesopotamia): blood, 184 Munich Putsch (192.3): 143 174 Moore, Sir John: 59 n.r Natal (British cruiser); blows Moorehead, Lance Corporal Municipal House (Prague): up, 2.2.2. E.: 2.69-70 393-4 Nation (magazine): 337-8, Moorhouse, Geoffrey: cited, Munro, Lance-Sergeant 433 149 n.r H.H.: killed in actiion, 2.97 National Council of Moravia: 1°7,394,516, 52.0 Murat, Captain: 2.97 Czechoslovakia: 438 Moravians: 477 Murat, Marshal (1767­ National Hunt: 42.0 Moreuil Wood (Western I8I5): 2.97 Nauroy (Champagne): Front): 410 Murker, F.: 117 destroyed, 2.06, 32.3 Morgan, Ted: quoted,447 Murmansk (North Russia): Nauru Island (Pacific): 509 Morhange (Lorraine): 52­ 32.9,42.5,449,460 naval intelligence: 102., 12.7 Morlancourt (Somme): 448 Murmansk-Petrograd Navarin Farm (Western Moroccan troops: 71, 96, railway: 305 Front): 196-7, 2.06 2.32., 334, 34°,462. Murray, Private John V.: Nazareth (Palestine): 140 n.r, Morocco: 3, 5, 32., 367, 52.7 killed in action, 2.00n.r 463 Moronvilliers (Champagne): Murray, Private Patrick: Neafson, Private Patrick: destroyed, 2.06, 32.3 killed in action, 2.00 n. I killed in action, 2.00 n.r Morris, and Lieutenant: Mus (Anatolia): 177,2.79 Nebraska (USA): 358 killed in action, 2.9

Palestine--.::ontd. Paulus, Lieutenant Friedrich: Peters, Leading Seaman: 170 32.7,341,365-6,370-2, 255 Petit, Gabriel: executed, 237 373,376-7,389,429-3°, 'Peace Resolution' (Berlin Petrograd (for earlier 463-4,488,528,534 19 17): 347, 34 8 references see index entry Pallavacini, Marquise: 29 peace talks: mooted, and in for St Petersburg): 3 1 , 44, Palmer, Alan: xvi; quoted, 17, prospect, (in 1915), 187­ 45, 106, 108, 125, 176, 25,8~23~331,340,357 8,205,238; (in 1916), 296, 180,186,194-5, 2°7,227, Palmer, Robert: a poet, killed 301,3°4; (in 1917), 3°6, 242,310,314,314-5,319, in action, 228-9 324,338,347-8,358,374, 326,327-8,332,343,349, Pals battalions: 228,271,272 378,383-4,388-<); (in 360-1,373-4,377-8,384, Panama: 329, 518 n.r 1918),395-6,4°3-4,429, 401,402,419,460,46~ Panama Canal Zone: 418 444,451,455,456,460­ 47° Pankhurst, Corporal D.A.: 1,461,462.-3,466-7,47°, Petrograd Soviet: 314, 317, 220 47 1- 2,480 326,327,332,360-1 Pankhurst, Emmeline: 328 Peacock, Dr A.J.: cited, 80 Petropavlovsk (Siberia): 425 Panvin, Georges: 431 n.r, 119,373 n.r Petrosani (Transylvania); 289 Papadopoli Island (Piave): 483 Pechenga (North Russia): Peugeot, Corporal Andre: Papen, Franz von: 78 429 killed, 3I; his monument, parachute jump: 436-7 Pees (Hungary): 429 533 Paracin (Serbia): 481 Peirse, Richard: 126 Pflanzer-Baltin, General: 254, Paris: XX; in 1914, 2., 3-4, 29, Pelion and Ossa (Thessaly): 273, 505 34,39,41,64,68,71-2, 545 Philadelphia (Pennsylvania); 77,83; in 1916, 230, 236 Pelle, General: 193 288 n.r, 237, 244; in 1917, Penang (Malay Peninsula): Philadephia Public Ledger: 333,334,339,340,342, 1°9 95 n.r 358,378; in 1918,406, Pergaud, Louis: killed in Philipps, Captain Colwyn 410,418,425,428,43°, action, 142 (later killed in action): 133 43 1-2,443,447,453,462, Pernau (Gulf of Riga): 328 Piave, River (Italy): 375, 376, 468; bombing of, 65, 396, Peronne (Somme): 262, 409, 377,383,434,437-8,483, 403,407,424; Victory 445,456 485,486 Parade in, 519 Pershing, General John J.: in Picardy (northern France): ParisDaily Mail: 298 19 17,318-<),334,338-<), 25°,4°8 Paris Peace Conference 34°,341-2,35°,358-9, Picot, Georges: 244, 469 (19 19): 5°7,5°8-11,513­ 359-60,361,365,372, Picton (British monitor): 278 6,517 37 8; in 1918, 393, 397, Pierrefeu, Jean de: 429 Paris-Metz road: 428 4°0,4°8,411,416,416• pigeons (at war); 254, 266, Parma (Italy): 123 7,420-1,426,427-8,431, 47° Parnewinkel (Germany): 129 434-5,44°,457,467,472, Pike, Captain William: killed Parodi, Dr Humbett: 388 477,478-9,482,486,49°, in action, 190 Parr, Count: 17 503; in 1919,519 Pila (Schniedemuhl): 516 Parr, Private J.: killed in Pershing, 'Sergeant': 342 Pilsudski, Josef: 45,296,344, action, 53-4 Persia: 6, II, 135, 205 n.r, 474,527 Parroy Forest (Western 236,241,312,452 Piotrkow (Russian Poland): Front): 404 Persia (steamship): 1°3 Pasewalk (Pomerania): 478 torpedoed, 222 Pitt, Lieutenant Bernard: 235; Passaga, General: 416 Persian Gulf: 18, 105, 245 killed in action, 240 Passchendaele (Ypres Perthes (Western Front): 124 Pittendrigh, Corporal R.G.: Salient): xvii, 92, 334, 353, Perthes-les-Hurlus killed in action, 189 362; battle for (1917), (Champagne): destroyed, Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania); 363-5,367,369,37°,377; 206 62,438 retaken by the Germans Pertica, Mount (Iralian Place de la Concorde (Paris): (19 18),415 Front): 383 3,29,519 Pasubio, Mount (Trennno): Peru: a spy from, 172; an Place de la Republique 248,294 Associated Power, 518 n.r (Paris): 519 Pathfinder(British cruiser): Petain, Henri-Philippe: I, Plessier, General: 5I sunk, 67 114,173,232,237,246, Ploegsteert (Western Front): 'patriotism ... not enough': 334,339,340,34~358, 225 202-3 393,4°8-<),410,441,458, Ploegsteert Wood (Western Patterson, Lieutenant­ 459,466,477,482 Front): 144,220,336 Colonel J.H.: 151 Peter the Great (1672-1725): Ploesti (Roumania): 302 Patton, Caprain (later 4,401 Plougean (Brittany): 82 General) George: 362,458, Peter, King of Yugoslavia: Plowman, Max: resigns 459 5°7 commission, 395

605 INDEX Plumer, General: 363 Potsdam (Germany): 5, 13, Pruth, River (Bukovina), 2.82 Po, River (Italy): 383, 388 15,19,2.05 (Eastern Front): Poincare, President: II3, Potsdam Conference (1945): 132. 2.°7,2.34,360 136 n.r Przemysl (Galicia): 138, 165, Pola (Istria): 397,486,489, 'Potsdam' (anti-aircraft 167,234 499 n.r barrage, London): 193 psalms: 336 Polanyi, Michael: xviii Potters Bar (Herrfordshire): Pskov (Russia): 315, 374, Poland: 4, 44, 88-9,4°1, 2.90,2.9 1,540 470 474-5,518 n.r, 52.0,52.2., Potts, Private, EW.O.: 190 Puchheim (Bavaria): 5II 52.6-7,531 Pour Ie Mente: awarded, 49 Punch: 100,156 n.r Poles: 5,62.,89,4°3,449, n.z, 2.32., 2.34, 359, 384, Purple Heart: awarded, 405 479 42.4,445 n.z, 448 Putilov munition works Polish aspirations: 40, 79, Pourtales, Count, 30-1 (Petrograd): 314 194,2.95-6,3°5,3°6-7, Powell, E. Alexander: 42., 67, Putnik, General: 23, 50 333,335,344,394,42.9 81, 87-8 Polish Brigade: 2.96 Pozieres (Somme): 2.66, 2.69­ Quebec (Canada): 413 Polish Corridor: 516 70,2.75,2.81 Queen Mary (British battle Polish Legion, the: 79 Pozieres-Thiepval horizon cruiser): blown up, 2.51 Polish Liquidation (Somrne); 2.93 Queen's Hall (London): 83 Committee (Cracow): 474 Prague: xx, 44, 2.2.4, 366, Queenstown (Ireland): 89 Polish National Committee: 419,422.,486,488,5°8 Quigley, Captain Frank: 479 413 Pravda: 32.7, 349,398 Quigley, Hugh: 363-4 Polish Republic: established Premesques (France); 93 Quinn, Lance-Corporal J.: (19 18),474 Prentis, Captain: killed in killed in action, 2.71-2. Polish Rifle Brigade, the: 79 action, 1°4 n.r Quirnheim, Colonel Mertz Polish troops: 104, 107,344, Price, Private George: killed von: 442.,448-9 519 in action, 501 Quit India movement (1942); Pollitt, George: 141 Prilep (Macedonia); 462. 131 n.r Polygon Wood (Ypres Primo de Rivera, Miguel: 530 Salient): 98-9, 363 Prince Imperial, the: 2 Radomir (Bulgaria): 462 Polzeath (Cornwall): 84 Princetown Prison Radzymin (Poland): 527 Pommern (German (Dartmoor): 2.74,397-8 Raeder, Grand Admiral: 355 battleship): sunk, 2.52. Princip, Gavrilo: xvi, 16-7; n.I Pornpelle, Fort de la (Reims): dies, 418-9,539 Rafah (Sinai): 305 42.7 Prinkipo Island Raglan (British monitor): Ponte di Piave (Italy): 376 (Constantinople): 2.48 sunk,396 Pontoise (France): 68 Prinz Adalbert (German railway communications: (in Poperinghe (Flanders): 2.19 troopship): sunk, 193 1914),69; (in 1918),406 Poplar (London): 340 Prinzregent Luitpold Ramazan (British troop Poplivanov, General: 176 (German battleship): 355 transport): sunk, 194 Popolo d'ltalia (newspaper): Prior, Corporal N.: 83 Ramleh (Palestine): 341,377 89 Pripet marshes (Eastern Rapallo (Italy): 375 Port Said (Egypt): 53 n.a, Front): 213, 2.53, 355 Rasin, Alois: 366 167, 2. 7 2. , 2.78, 3 2. 9 Pripyat (Russian minelayer): Rastede (Germany): 164 n.r Portland (English Channel): 365 Rastenburg (East Prussia): 49 2.4 prisoners-of-war: 63, 98, Rathenau, Walther: 2.8, 39, Portsmouth (English 119-2.0,12.5,12.8-9, 88,2.75,2.8~34~475; Channel): 102. 176,186, 194, 196, 2.02, assassinated, 530 Portugal: 12.,34,2.92.,3°5, 207, 2°9, 2.69, 2.96-7, Rawlinson, Colonel A.: 165, 509, 518 n.r; military 2.99,3 19-2.0,32.2.,357, 193 death toll of, 541 384,419,445,464,465, Rawlinson, General Sir Portugal (Russian hospital 468,482.,499,52.0,52.6 Henry: 91,160,2.70,294, ship): sunk, 2.37 Prittwirz, General: 48 4°9,418 Portuguese aircraft: 458 Prizren (Serbia): 477 Raynal, Major: 2.54 Portuguese Expeditionary Prokofiev, Sergei (1891- Read, Charles: killed in Force: 308, 341, 412., 413, 1953): 419 action, 476 519 Prometheus (Aeschylus): 2.86 Read, Herbert: his poem, Posen (Germany): 45, 104 Prostejov (Moravia); 367 476-7 'Pot Luck' (anti-aircraft Protopopov, A.D.: 2.96 Reading, rsr Baron (later barrage): 193 Provence II (French Marquess): 408, 41 I, 42.1 Poti (Balck Seal: 42.9 troopship): sunk, 233 Realities ofWar (Philip Potomac, River (Washington Pruett, Corporal Joseph E.: Gibbs): 2.18-9, 525 DC): 441 480 rearmament (after 1933): 537

606 INDEX Rechicourt (Western Front): Riga (Russian Baltic): 358 Rothschild, Baron Edouard 4°0 Riga, Treaty of (192.1): 527 de: 72., 76 Recouvrance (Aisne): 490 Rilke, R.M.: 2.01 Rothschild, Lord (and Red Army: 396,439,460, Rimell, R.L.: quoted, 42., 2.89 Baron): 366,373 523, 526, 53 5 Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): 32.9 Rouen (France); 409 Red Guards (Budapest): 491 Ripont (Champagne): Roulers (Belgium): 91, 92. Red Navy: 396,453 destroyed, 2.06 Roumania: 5, 34, 124, 135, Red Sea: 6, 7, 104-5, 2.55 Ritchie, Walter: 2.59 136,2.82.-3,2. 85,2.87,288­ Red Terror: 460 Ritz Hotel (London): 61 9,3°1,3°4,355,358,384, Redmond, John: 37 River Clyde (collier): 148 394,4°2.,42.1,479,480, Reed, John: II I Rize (Anatolia): 2.36 5II, 518 n.r , 52.0, 52.1, Reed, Stanley: 2.45 Roanne (France): 397 52.3, 532.; military death Rees, Lieutenant T.: 290 Roberts, Rev Richard: 12.0 toll of, 541 refugees: 91, 103,414, 428 Robertson, Sir William: 178, Roumanian national Regency Council (Warsaw): 2.16,2.71,363 aspirations: 306-7 474 Robinson, E.H.T: dies aged Roumanians: 479 Regnieville (Western Front): ninety-six, 542. Roupell, Lieutenant George: destroyed, 2.2.2. Robinson, Lieutenant W.L.: 67 Reichpietsch, Max: executed, 2.89-9°,319-2.0; dies of Roupy (Western Front): 407 355 influenza, 508 Rousseau, J.J. (1712.-1778): Reigate (Surrey): 2.89, 340 Rochester (Kent): 502. 68 Reims (France): 81, 323,42.5, Roclincourt (Western Front): Rowena (British destroyer): 44 1,534 32.2. n.j 514 Reinhardt, Max: 101 Rodman, Rear-Admiral Royal Academy (London): Remarque, Erich Maria: 535 Hugh: 417-8 162. Remenauville (Western Rodzianko, M.V.: 316, 32.8 Royal Academy Exhibition Front): destroyed, 2.2.2. Roentgen, William: 100-1 (19 19): 474 Remy (Flanders): 219, 361 Rogers, Private James: killed Royal Edward (British Rennenkampf, General: 48 in action, 2.00 n.r troopship): 185 reparations: 462.-3, 481,5°0, Rokitna (Eastern Front): 176 Rucar (Roumania): 2.89 510,518,520,52.~52.4, Rolland, Romain: 139, 193, Rudston (Yorkshire): 519 536 400 n.z Ruhleben camp (Berlin): 46, Repington, Colonel Charles: Rom, Sergeant: 32.7 12.8,12.9,2.17 n.r, 2.74, 162., 163 Romagne (Meuse-Argonne): 2.96-7 Reutel (Ypres Salient): xvi, 93 cemetery at, 538 n. I Rumbold, Sir Horace: 15, 2.2., Reuter, Admiral von: 516 Rome: xx, 3°6,413, 447, 448 2.6,31,33,388-9,4°3, Reuter, General von: 461 Rommel, Lieutenant Erwin 455,478,5°6,532.,536 Reval (Russian Baltic coast): (later Field Marshal): xvii, Rumburg (Bohemia): 42.2. 2.79 53,91 n.r, 12.6-7, 182. n.r, Rumilly (Cambrai): 379 Revilon Farm (Western 2. 17 n.r , 2.89, 369, 376, Rupel, Fort (Greece): 2.78 Front): 407 384 Ruppin, Arthur: 108-9, 304- Rhine, River: 52.,309,310, Ronnen, Meir: xxi 5,478,5°7 5°0,5°6 Roosevelt, Franklin D. (later Rupprecht of Bavaria, Prince: Rhineland: occupation of, President): 447-8, 467 n.r, 309,337,38~41~415, 5°6,5°7,511,519; 499 42.9,451-2.,480 demilitarisation of, 5I 8 Roosevelt, Quentin: killed in Rurik (Russian cruiser): Rhoades, Commander E.L.: action, 441 protest on, 2.06 41 Roosevelt, Theodore: 158-9, Russell, Bertrand: 178,2.53, Rhodes James, Robert: 412,441,446 n.l 335,395,398 quoted, 168 Roosevelt, Major Theodore Russell, John: his bravery, Rhuddlan (Wales): 502. (Jr.): 365,44611.1 376 Ribbenrrop, Lieutenant Rosenberg, Isaac: xxii, 2.80, Russell (British battleship): Joachim: wounded, 362. 320, 330; killed in action, sunk, 2.41 Richard the Lion Heart: 388 4II Russia (Russian Empire): Richards, Private Frank: 58 Ross, Major: 480 (pre-1914), 4, 6, 7, 8, II; Richaumont (France): 61 Rossignol (Belgium): 55, 56 and the coming of war in Richthofen, Baron Manfred Rossler, Walter: 167 1914,19-34,39-4°; at war von: 2.90, 301, 381; killed Rosso, Col del (Italian Front): (in 1914),45-6,78,88, in action, 415 39° 103-4, 108; British aid to, Richthofen Squadron: 442. Rostov-on-Don (Russia): 195 108, 2.07; protests in Rickenbacker, Eddie: 443, 501 Rosyth (Scotland): 89 (1915), 194-5, 2.06, 2.2.7; Rifle Wood (Western Front): Rotenturm Pass protests in (1916), 2.42.; 4II (Transylvania): 2.88 and the fighting on the INDEX Eastern Front (1915),138­ Saint Ghislain (Belgium): 521 Sargent, John Singer: 444-5, 9,142-3,154-5,165,167, St Jan (Ypres Salient): 220 473-4 176,180,185-6,187,188, St Julien (Ypres Salient): 361 Sarikamis (Russia): nO-I 194,195,201, 213,220-1; St Laurent-Blagny (Western Saros, Gulf of (Gallipoli): 185 (19 16),235-6,237-8, Front): 322 n.j SarraiI, General: 77, 230, 251-2,256,272-3,276­ St Mihiel (France): 85, 397, 28 5, 297 7, 285,294-5; (19 17), 309, 410,416,457-60 Sarrebourg (Lorraine); 53 3 I 3-4; revolution in St Nazaire (France): 59,341 Sasa (Syria); 469 (1917),314-5,316,326­ St Orner (France): 216 Saseno Island (Albania); 151 7; continued fighting by St Petersburg (Russia): 6, 14, Sassoon, Siegfried: 169,239, (19 17),343-4,346,347, 18,26,29,30,31; for 250-1, 263,3 23,333, 349-5°,355-6,358; further references see index 351-2,487, 512 armistice for, 339; entry for Petrograd , River: 41, 50 Provisional Government St Pierre Divion (Somme): Savage, Raymond: quoted, of, 343; a Republic 297 37 1 proclaimed in (I 5 St Pol (France): 534 Savory, General: xix September 1917),360; for St. Quentin (Western Front): Savy Wood (Western Front): subsequent index entries 60,317,4°4,4°5,456, 317 see 475 Saxon troops: 35,95,227, Russian Circassian troops: St Quentin Canal (Cambrai); 299 138 379,382,468 Sazonoff, Sergius: 22, 26, 27, Russian Cossack troops: 139, St Symphorien (Belgium): 53 30-1,31 179, 213, 314 Sakaki (Japanese destroyer): Scapa Flow (Orkneys); 253, Russian Poland: 103, 108, sunk, 329 n. I 347,355,516-7 21 3 Sakharov, General: 3 I 5 Scarborough (Yorkshire); Russian Republic: 360-1; Salford (Lancashire): 302 IIO,519 revolution in (November Salisbury, jrd Marquess of: Scheer, Admiral: 227, 251, 1917), 373-4; defence of, 228 45 1,483,485,498,517 377; for subsequent index Salisbury Plain (Wiltshire): Scheidemann, Philip: 472, entries see Bolshevik 33° 49 8 Russia Salonica: xvi, xix, 204, 208, Scheldt, River: 489, 501 Russians (Foreign 211, 21~ 233,240,245­ Scherb, Karl: 537 Legionnaires); 62, 142 6,278,283,285,288,292, Scheubner-Richter, Max Russians (rumoured passing 297,310,317,326,331­ Erwin von: 143 through Britain): 62-3 2,349,353,356-7,384, Scheiich, Colonel (later Russo-German Treaty (25 429,460, 464 n.2, 466, General) Heinrich: 39,475, August 1918): 453 468,471,474 480,483 Ruthenia: 491, 521 Salter, Arthur: 346 Schiele, Egon: dies of Ruthenian soldiers: 421-2 Samaria (Palestine); 463 influenza, 479 Ruzsky, General: 3I 5 Sambre, River (Belgium): 51 Schlieffen, Alfred von: 7, 28­ Rwanda-Urundi: 509 Sambre Canal (Western 9 Front): 489, 492 Schlieffen Plan, the: 29, 30, Saar, River: 309 Samogneux (Verdun): 231 72 Saar Valley: 309, 310 Sampigny (France): 113 Schmeernkase, Professor Sabac (Serbia); 41,5° Sarnsonov, General Otto: 459 Sabatino, Mount (Isonzo): Alexander: 48, 49, 50 Scholotz, General von: 461 2°5 Samuel, Herbert: 135 Schonbrunn (Vienna): 491 Sachsenhausen San Diego Sun: 495 Schroeder, Admiral von: 87 (concentration camp): 368 San Francisco (USA): 158, Schwab, Charles: 109,449- n.r 2.74-5,437 5° Sackville, Flight Lieutenant San Giovanni di Medua Schwaben Redoubt (Somme): Thomas: missing, (Albania): 209 283 presumed killed (1943), San Michele, Mount Schwieger, Captain Walther: 538 n.z, (Isonzo): 2°5 157,158,191; killed in Saddam Hussein: 248 n.r San, River: 165 action, 359; his 'onerous Sahara Desert: 320 Sanders, General Liman von: duty', 537 Saint Bareham (British 13,139,15°,174,182., 'science ... degraded': 440 merchant ship): sunk, 481 183, 19° , 46 3 Scilly Islands: 308 St George (of dragon fame): Sanok (Western Galicia): 154 Scimager, Captain Francis: 377,417 Sarajevo (Bosnia): xvi, xvii, 145 St George's Cross: 295 15,16,18,20,84,418, Scimitar Hill (Gallipoli): 183, St Germain, Treaty of (1919): 461,483,488,491,520 189- 90 52° Sardinia: 2°9, 2 I 0, 3I 7 Scotland: 62, 63, 230

608 INDEX 'Scotland the Brave': 197 Sergy (Western Front): 445, Singh, Jemadar Sudhan: Scotson, Private Jim: killed in 44 6 murdered, 140 action, 169 Seringes (Western Front): 445 Singh, Subadar Malia: 95 Scott, c.P.: 38, 389, 392, Serre (Somme): 259, 261, 539 Sirt (Anatolia): 167 509 Sevres, Treaty of (1920): Skene, znd Lieutenant: killed Seattle (USA): 449 527-8, 53° in plane crash, 47 Sebastopol (Russia): 104,419 Seydlitz (German warship): (Macedonia); 205, Second Punic War (218-201 sunk. r a-z 460,461,462 BC):348 Shackelton, Ernest: 257,414 Skrynski, Count Alexander: Second Socialist Shaiba (Mesopotamia); 140 403,404 n.r International: 241-2 Shakespeare, William: 338 Skyros (Aegean): 138 Second World War: 33 n.r, Shanghai: 56 Slatin, Sir Rudolph: 43 199 n.r, 238, 243 n.r, 255, Shantung Province (China): Sionski, Edward: his poem, 256 n.z, 270 n.r, 278 n.r, 522 79 291 n.r , 295 n.r, 296, 320 Shaw, George Bernard: 169, Slovak National Council: 488 n.r, 322 n.z, 328 n.z, 336, 178 Slovakia: 366,488 n.r , 521 340,354 n.r, 360 n.r, 380 Shaw-Stewart, Patrick: his Slovaks: 5, 14, 107, 3°5, n.r, 400 n.r, 436 n.z., 441 poem, 170-1; killed in 306-7,332,394,438,479 n.r, 445 n.z, 446 n.r, 448 action, 171,392 Slovene soldiers: 421 n.a, 454 n.r, 458 n.r, 474 Sheerness (Kent): 110 Slovenes: 5,1°7,3°6-7,333, n.r, 476 n.r, 488 n.r, 510 Sheikh Sa'ad (Mesopotamia); 348,394,421,461,479, n.r, 535 n.r, 538,539,542 213- 4 488 The Secret Battle (A.P. shell-shock: 61, 275-6,317­ Slovenia: 507 n.r, 520 Herbert): 169 8,542 Smetana Hall (Prague); 419 Sedan: 494, 495 Sheridan (steamship): 346 n.r Smith, znd Lieutenant: killed Sedan, Battle of (1870): 2, 59, Sherwood, Private William in action, 266 231 H.: killed in action, 200 Smith, Private James: Sedd-ul-Bahr (Dardanelles): n.r executed,359 1° 5, 131, 148 shipbuilding 'crusade' Smith-Dorrien, General Sir Seeckt, Hans von: 273 (19 18): 437, 449 Horace: 20, 23, 57, 59, 66, Seeger, Alan: a poet, 196; Shirer, William 1.: 503-4 68,70,73,90,100,114, killed in action, 263 Shorncliffe (Kent): 33 5 144-5 Seicheprey (St Mihiel Salient): Shrewsbury (Shropshire): Smolnik (Eastern Front); 138 416 502 Smuts, General j.C« 279, Seidler, Ignaz von: 366 Siam: 518 n.r 33~341,350,388,403, Seilles (Belgium): 42 Siberia: xix, 99 n.r , 108, 121, 446 Seine, River: 68, 70 177 n.r, 385,425,439, Smylie, G.P.: shot down, and Selective Service Draft (USA): 527 n.r rescuedc z r o 336 Sicily: 319,375 Smyrna (Anatolia): 104, 105, Senegalese troops: 145,235, Sidi Barrani (Egypt): 210 135,528,530 323,331,460 Sidon (Lebanon): 214 Smythe, Donald: quoted, Senlis (France): 66,482 Siebert, Lieutenant 0.: dies of 341-2,426,435-6,443, Senussi revolt (1915-16): wounds, 228 465,479,5°0-1 210,236,499 n.r Siegfried Line: see index entry 'Snoopy': 415 n.r Seraglio Point for Hindenburg Line Socialism (and the war): 39- (Constantinople): 164 Silesia: 104, 107 40 , 62 Serauto (mountain peak): Silistria (Roumania): 177 Sofia (Bulgaria): 462 24 1 Silver Medal of Military Soignies (Belgium): 55 Serbia: xv, xix, 4, 5-6, 8, 9, Valour (Italian): 438 Soissons (France): 333 n.r, 10,12,15,18-34; fighting Silver Medal for Valour 410,425,427,432,443, in, 41,50,124,135,202, (Austro-Hungarian): 253, 444,447,456 204- 6, 208-10, 225- 6; 344 Soissons, Battle of (1915): executions in, F 3; future Silver Star (United States): 12 5 of, 394; liberation of, 474, awarded, 436, 446 Sollum (Egypt): 210 477,481,488; wartime Silvettown (East London): Soltau (Germany): 423 deaths in, 540, 541 345 Somme, River (France): 155, Serbian troops (at Salonica); Simbirsk (Volga): 449 216,4°6,408,410,444; 240-1, 285,297,3°5, Simferopol (Crimea); 419 renewed offensive on 460,461,489,5°7 Simkins, Peter: quoted, 70 (1918),454-5,457; a Serbs: xv, xxi, 14, 16-7, 18, Simmons, Mervyn: 129 painting quest on, 473 Ill, 3°6-7, 333, 348, Sinai Desert: 7, 128,214, Somme, Battle of (1916): 461,479,488 278,3°4,3°5,325,344 preparations for, 239, 248, Seret (Eastern Front): 346 Singapore: 130, IF 256-7; course of, 258-72, INDEX 275-6,280-1,283,285­ Stallibrass, Lieutenant 156-8,161,163-4,185, 6, 292-4, 297-9; recalled, T.L.W.: 265 I8~ 191, I94,2IO,22~ 410; memorial to, 538; Stalluponen, Battle of (1914): (in 1916), 230, 233, 236­ death coil on, 54 I 48 7,246,253,279-80,291­ Sompuis (France): 75 Stamboliisky, Alexander: 462 2,301-2,304; (in '1917), Sophie, Queen of Greece: 106 Stamfordharn, Lord: 506 3°5,3°6, 3Io-II, 317, Sorge, Richard: 98, 238 Stanislau (Eastern Galicia): 31 8, 32 8-9,346,359,365, Sorley, Charles: a poer, killed 276, 349 367,387,391; (in 1918), in action, 203 Stanley, Venetia: 85, 87 396,397,4I9,43~451, Sorlie, Mr: 257 Stanton, Colonel Charles: 342 463,471,477,480,481, Souchon, Admiral: 41, 104, Star of David: 372 489,499, 500; and 49 1 Starr, D.P.: killed in action reparations, 510 Soupir (France): 82 288 Sudetenland (Austria­ South Africa: 33, 177,329, statistics: 299-300, 540-1, Hungary, later 509; military death toll of, 377 Czechoslovakia): 394, 516, 54 1 Steele, Captain Gordon: 515 520 South African troops: 220 Steenstraat (Belgium): 539 Suez Canal (Egypt); 53 n.z, n.z, 241, 262, 266, 279, Steinbach (Alsace): II9 126,128,130,205 n.r, 305,322 n.r, 326, 415, Steinbrecher, Lieutenant: 437 278 5°1 . Stephen Furness (British Suffren (French battleship): South African War (1899­ armed steamer): sunk, 391 sunk, 302 1902): 32,99, 189 Sterling, Lieutenant R: 143; Sugar Loaf (Fromelles, South Dobrudja (Roumania): killed in action, 144 Western Front): 268 402, 520 Stettinius, Edward: 452 Sukhomlinov, General: 26 South Georgia (South Stevens, Lieutenant-Colonel Sullivan, Private Eugene: Atlantic): 257 G.R.: quoted, 287 killed in action, 200 n. I South Slav National Stinnes, Hugo: 296 Sulzbach, Herbert: 93, 95, Committee: 413 Stockholm (Sweden): 296 444, 539 South Slav peoples (inside Stone, Norman: quoted, 356 Sunderland (England): Austria-Hungary): 479 Stopford, General: 184-5 bombed, 238 South Slav state: emerging, Storrs, Francis: dies of Supreme National 488,491 wounds, 502 Committee (Cracow): 45 South Tyrol (Austria); r51, Storrs, Lucy: 502 Supreme War Council (Paris): 166, 394; ceded to Italy, Storrs, Ronald: 272 377,420-1,427-8,491 52° Strachan, Lieutenant H.: his Suresnes (France): 5I 5 Souville, Fort (Verdun): 256, bravery, 379 Surprise (British destroyer): 26 5 Stramrn, Captain August: sunk, 391 : established killed in action, 188 Sussex (cross-Channel ferry): (19 18),396 Strasbourg: 3, 23 I sunk, 236 Spa (Belgium): 421, 448, 45 I, Strasser, Peter: shot down, Sutherland, Private David: 466,471,482,489,49°, 44 8 killed in action, 249 493,494,496,497,498, Straussenburg, General Arz Sutton, Private Michael: 5°0 von: 461 killed in action, 200 n. I Spain: 34, 530 Streets, Harry: 261-2 Suvla Bay (Gallipoli): 180-1, Spanbroekmolen (Western Streets, John: killed in action, 183-5,188-91, 2II, 213, Front): 336 261 21 5 Spanish 'flu (influenza strikes and riots: (in 1914), Sverdlov, Yakov: 470 pandemic): see index entry 106; (in 1915), 194-5, Sweden: 10,33,34, 102,319 for influenza 206; (in 1916), 227, 256, Swiss (Foreign Legionnaires): Spanish Peninsula War 294; (in 1917), 309, 314, 62 (18II): 148 314-5,367; (in 19 18), 395, Switzerland: 34, 38, 39, 106, Spartacists: 470, 474 397,432; see also index 121, 125,141,192,193, Spears, Captain (later Major­ entry, mutinies and revolts 201,296,319,388,4°3, General Sir) E.L: xix, 48, Strongbou/ (British 536 51-2,64-5 destroyer): sunk, 367 Sydney (Australian cruiser): Spee, Admiral Maximilian Struma, River (Salonica 1°9 von: 102, 110 Front): 278, 331 Sykes, Sir Mark: 142, 244, Sphinxhaven (Lake Nyasa): 41 (Bulgaria): 205, 520 43°,469 Stalin,Joseph: 98, 177 n.r, Stryj (Eastern Galicia): 165 Syra Island (Greece): 303 395,399,449,452,527 n.r Stumm, Baron von: 36 Syria (Ottoman Empire): Stalingrad (Volga): 449 submarine warfare: (in 135,137,142,167,215, Stalingrad, Battle of (1942­ 1914),41,67,101-2; (in 244,469,484,488,5°9, 3): 255, 295 n.r 1915),124,127-8,141, 528

610 INDEX Szogyeny, Count: 19 Texas (USA): 308,312 Tomb of the Unknown Thann (Alsace): 47 Soldier (Arlington, TNT (explosive): 345 Thaw, William: 62, 113 Virginia): 436 n.a Taba (Red Sea): 7 Theberton (Suffolk): 540 Tomba, Mount (Italian Tabsley, Private Richard: Theiss, River (Hungarian Front): 383 killed in action, 200 n. I plain): 282 Tomsk (Siberia): 425 Tafas (Syria): 469 Thelus (Western Front): 322 Tonks, Henry: paints, 473 Tagert, Lieutenant William: n·3 Torey (Western Front): 495 163 Therese, Mother (Convent of Tornado (British destroyer): Tagliamento, River (Italy): St Elisabeth, Ghent): 171 sunk, 391 486,491 Theresienstadt (Bohemia): Torrent (British destroyer): Tahure (Champagne): 418-9, 539 sunk,391 destroyed, 206 Theses on War (Lenin): 39 Torrington (British steamer): Takachiho (Japanese cruiser): Thiaucourt (SrMihiel): 458, sunk, 319 sunkv ror 459,460; cemetery at, 538 Torzburg Pass (Roumania): Talaat Pasha: 402 n. I n.r 208 9 Tamines (Belgium): 42 Thiaumont, Fort (Verdun): Tournan (France): 72 tanks: 124,229-30,286, 255 Toussaint, Commander: 77 323,331,356,368,378-9, Thiepval (Somme): 286,455 Toweira (Arabia): 3120 380-1,4°7,418,420,432, Thionville (Lorraine): 431 Tower Hill (London): 5201 437,445,451,45~458, Thomas, Corporal E.: 55 Tower of London: executions 465,533 Thomas, Edward: his poem in, 172 Tannenberg, Battle of (1914): 'In Memoriam', 142; his Townshend, General: 167, 49-50; recalled, 107; death in action, 321 2011,2209,244,2048, 312, prisoners-of-war from, Thomas the Tank Engine: 60 484,488 119-2°; memorial at, 530 n.r Toynbee, Dr Arnold: xvi Tara (British patrol boat): Thomas, J.H.: 100 Trafalgar, Battle of (1805): 20520 torpedoed, 236 Thomas, W. Beach: 298 Trafalgar, Cape (Spain): 499 Taranto (Italy): 279 Thompson, Lieutenant: 397 Trafalgar Square (London): Tarnopol (Eastern Galicia): Thompson, Captain Arnold: 50 20, 514 347,349,35° killed in action, 220 Tralee Bay (Ireland): 2420 Tarnow (Western Galicia): Thorn (Germany): 45, 104 Trans-Siberian Railway: 108, 154 Thrace (European Turkey): 385 Tatars: 273,422 134,177,278,520 Transjordan: 528 Tauride Palace (Petrograd): Thrasher, Leon: drowned, Transylvania: 2820, 283,479, 316,361 14 1 521 Taurus mountains (Anarolia): Tiberias (Palestine): 469 Transylvania (British 213 Tiflis (Georgia): 422, 432 troopship): sunk, 329 Tavannes Tunnel (Verdun): Tigris, River: 106, 167, 202, Travernunde (Baltic): 493 284,285 228 Trebizond (Anatolia): 177, Taylor, Marvin H.: 443 Timbuctu: 2 20 41 , 4°=' Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre: The Times (London): 37,41, 'trench foot': 219 446 n.r 43,44,5°,53, 59,63',66, Trent (Austria): 491 Tekke Tepe (Gallipoli): 184 69, 84, 1°3, 110, III n.r, Trentino (Austria): 1420, 151, Tekrit (Mesopotamia): 248 162, 174, 198,2208,3 II, 248,205~294,339, 365, Tel el Khuweilfeh, Battle of 368 and n.z , 381, 388, 413 (1917): 376 396,399,413,415 n.r, Treviso (Italy): 403 Tellancourt (Belgium): 56 424,437,449,489,511, Trianon, Treacy of (1920): Tempest, Lieutenant W.J.: 514,54° 520-1 291 The Times ofIndia: 245 Trier (Germany): 30 Tennant, E.W.: killed in 'Tipperary': 2050, 5°20 Trieste (Austria): 15I, 33 2, action, 287 Tirlemont (Belgium): 50 358 Tennant, Fred: in action, later Tirpitz, Admiral von: 8,9, I I, Trinity Hall (Cambridge, killed, 169 25,3 2,71,73,88,91, England): I:l.O Tennant, Harry: killed in 138-9,183,246,480,485, Triumph (British battleship): action, 169 487 sunk, 163 Terraine, John: quoted, 36 Tisza, Count: 15,18,19,224, Trois Fontaines (France): 472. Terschelling (North Sea): 359 49 1 Trojan War: 170 Testament ofYouth (Vera Titanic (ocean liner): a Trones Wood (Somme): 2.64, Brittain): 534-5 survivor of, 301 265 Teutonic Knights: 49, 403 Togoland: 509 Trotsky, Leon: 192-3,332., 'Teutonic muscle flexing': Tokuyama Bay (Japan): 439 349,374, 378, 384, 386, 400 n.r 389, 399.4°1,412,47°

6II INDEX Troy: 170,445 U-55: 319 Ural mountains: 177 n.r Troyon, Fort (Verdun): 77 U-64: 317 Urban, Franz: 16 Truman, (President) Harry S.: U-83: sunk, 3Il Urfa (Euphrates); 135, 272 338,465,467,485,5°1, U-88: sunk, 359; recalled, Uruguay: 518 n.r, 532 5°3 537 Urundi (German East Africa): Trumpeldor, Captain Joseph: U-I o3: 419 255 n.r 151 Udine (Italy): 370 Uspensky Cathedral Tsaribrod (Bulgaria): 520 Ukraine: 40, 327, 349 n.r , (Moscow): 45 Tsaritsyn (Volga): 449 386,395,396,401,419, Uszok Pass (Carpathians): Tscharner, Captain Baron de: 421,425,432,453,474, 14 2 26 3 52 3, 527 Tschirschky, Count: 18, 19 Ukrainian National Council Vaiont Dam (Italy): 376 n.r Tseretelli, Prince: 314 (Lvov): 474 Valenciennes (Western Tukhachevsky, Mikhail: 234, Ukrainians: 398, 523 Front): 492 526,527 Ultra (Second World War): Valmy (Champagne); 206 n.a Tulkarm (Palestine): 341, 441 n.r Valona (Albania): 151 463 Union of Soviet Socialist Van (Anatolia): 142-3 Tunis: 72 Republics (USSR): Van Province (Anatolia): tunnelling: 131,336 established (1918), 396 14 2 - 3 Turciansky Svaty Martin United Nations: 535 Vance, Corporal: killed in (Slovak): 488 United States, the: neutral (in action, Il6 Turkestan (Central Asia): 389 1914), 12, 13,79, 103, Vandenbraambussche, P.: n.r 109, Il4; (in 1915),128, 534 Turkey: see index entry for 140, 141, 157,15~159, Vandervelde, Emile: 39 Ottoman Empire 188, 2°3, 2°5,210,222; Vanguard (British battleship): Turner, Captain William: (in 1916), 227, 237, 246, explosion on, 347 157,158 274-5,282,291,292,3°1, Vansittart, Robert: 20 Turning Points ofHistory 303; (in 1917),3°5,3°6, , River (Macedonia): The, (rst Earl Birkenhead): 308, 309, 3I 2, 314; at war 2 ° 5 410 with Germany (in 1917), Variety (magazine): 535 Tuscania (British troopship): 318-9,324,328,336, Varna (Bulgaria): 461 torpedoed, 329, 397 338-9,346 n.r, 348, 350, Varreddes (France): 75 Tutracaia, Fort (Roumania): 378,380,387; (in 1918), Vasa (Finland): 401 285 393,420-1,438,449-5°, Vauban, Sebastien (1633- Tuttle, Henry: 289-90 450 n.r , 460, 47 2, 479, 1707): 230 Twamley, Gunner J.W.: killed 490, 500-1, 503-4; future Vaux(Verdun): 233,234, in action, 226 Presidents of, 447-8, 465, 437 Tynan, Katharine: her poem, 467,485,499,5°1,5°3; Vaux, Fort (Verdun): 231, 120 and the occupation of the 234,235,254,299 typhus: 124, r86, 204 Rhineland, 506, 519-2.0; Veles (Macedonia); 205 Tyrolean Alps: 7 and peacemaking, 506, Venice: xvi, 376, 385, 388, 5°7, 509,521-2; and the 390,403 If-boat warfare: see index return home of the soldiers, Venizelos, E.: 106, 303, 342 entry for submarine 512,519; war graves of, Verdun (France): 77,132, warfare 538; war dead of, 541; see 155,23°,448,536,54° U-7: sunk, 127 also index entry for Verdun, Battle for (1916): U-9: 84, 101 American Expeditionary 221,230-2,233-5,237, U-I5: sunk, 41 Force 246,25°,254,255,262, U-I9: 242 United States Congress: 308, 265,271,284-5,294,299­ U-20: sinks Lusitania, 157; 314, 3I 8, 394 300, 303, 341; further sinks Hesperian, 191 United States Senate: 521 fighting at, 356 U-2I: 67, 163, 230 United States soldiers: see Verdun (French destroyer): U-22: r27 index entry for American 529 U-24: 101, 188 Expeditionary Force Verkhovski, General: 373 U-27: attacked, 188 Universal Studios Vernede, R.E.: killed in U-28: 141 (Hollywood); 535 action, 321 U-3 I: disappears, 127 Unknown Soldier, the: 529­ Versailles (near Paris): 427; U-34: sunk, 499 30, 534 Peace Conference at, 5Il, U-35= 279 Unter den Linden (Berlin): 34 517 U-39: 310 Upham, Captain Charles: Versailles, Treaty of (1919): U-5 0 : 499 354 n.r 53 n.r, 517-8, 52.1-2, 532, U-52: 3°2 Uppingham School 536,537 U-53: 29 1 , 308 (Rutland): 20, 217 n.r Verviers (Belgium): 497

612 INDEX Vesconsoledose, Legionnaire: Volga, River: 207, 449 Washington, George: at killed in action, II9 Volhynia (Russian Province); Yorktown (1781), 244 n.r Vesle, River (France): 450 176, 188 Waterfall, Lieutenant Vetrenik (Salonica Front): 460 Volkischer Beobachter Vincent: killed in action, Vevey (Switzerland): 193 (newspaper): 537 55 Vicencza (Italy): 383 volunteers: 80 Waterloo, Battle of (18 I 5): Vietor: blinded in action, Volya (Russian battleship): 33,58,91 32 4- 5 47° Waterloo Station (London): Victor Emmanuel, King of Voormezeele (Western 4 61 Italy: 310 Front): 418 Waterlot Farm (Somme); 266 Victoria (British Columbia): Vosges mountains: 7, 121, Wawerka, Mrs: xx 158 5°1 Webb, Arthur James: kiIled in , the: 65, 67, Vossische Zeitung: 475, p6 action, 122 98-9, II3, 131, 140, 144, VuiIlemin, Captain Joseph: Weber, Colonel (later I45,I4~ 160, 171, 181, 32.2.,340 General) Erich: 105, 152 189,19°, 197,210,241, Weber, Willy: 355 259,260,275,276, 287, Weeks, Vincent: 121-2 290, 293 n.r, 298, 301, Wadelincourt (Western Weerde (Belgium): 81 3II,3I9,354,36~37I, Front): 495 Wehrle, Lieutenant-Colonel: 376,379,4°7,417,445, Wadi, Battle of (1916): 2.2.8 105, 136, 148 4P, 45 6,461,493, P5, Wadi Fara (Palestine): 464 Weimar Republic (Germany): 529 Wagner, Richard: 101 524 Victoria, Queen: 5,97 Waldersee, General: 21 Weizmann, Dr. Chaim: 429 Victoria Station (London): Waldorf-Astoria (New York): Wejh (Red Sea): 305 223,461 327 Wellesley, Lord Gerald: I2.3 'victory ... crowns the just': Wancourt (Western Front): Wellesley, Lord Richard: 7 1 3P killed in action, I2.3 Vido Island (off Corfu): 2°9 war: 'barbarism' (Churchill), Wellington Barracks Vienna: II, 14, 18, 19, 20, xviii; 'civilisation against (London): 3°2 21,38,44-5,45,46, 108, barbarism' (William Wellington, Duke of: 58, 86, I2.5, 155, 224, 366, 391, Thaw), 62; 'a disciplinary 47 6 395,397,404,422,432, action by God' (the Kaiser), Wemyss, Admiral Wester: 439,45°,474,479,486, 39 8 2.l3,488 487,488,491,5°6,520 war cemeteries: 222, 354, Weng Chow: 3I I Vienna Press Bureau: 50 525,528-9,530-1, 533, Werfel, Franz: 272, 525 Vietnam: 235 n.r, po 538 Werwik (Flanders); 478 Villa Giusti (Padua): 488 War Crimes Tribunal West, Captain Frederick: 4P Ville-aux-Bois (Western (Leipzig): 330 West End (London): 291 Front): 425 'war criminals': 523 West Indian troops: 220 n.z, Ville-sur-Haine (Mons): 501, War Department 305,322 n.r , 326, 372 54° (Washington): 67, 350, West Prussia: 5I 6 Villers-Bretonneux (Western 435,452 Western Galicia: 38,276,520 Front): 4I2., 415, 418,538 'war guilt': pO-II, p8, 537 Westle, Private: kiIled in Vilna (Russian Poland): 108, Ward, Private George: action, 298 194, 21 3, 53I executed, 82-3 Westminster, rst Duke of: 82 Vimy Ridge (Western Front): Ward Price, W.: 33 I Westminster, znd Duke of: xx, 159,222,320,322 Ware, Sir Fabian: 528-9 23 6 Viribus Unitis (Austro­ Waregem (Flanders): Westminster Abbey Hungarian battleship): cemetery at, 538 n.r (London): xviii, 529 torpedoed, 489 Waring, Miss: 208 Westminster Guildhall Virton (Belgium): 56 Warley (Essex): 28o (London): 89 Vistula River (Russian Warneford, Flight Sub- Westropp, Colonel Monty: Poland): 48, 180, 527 Lieutenant Rex: 171-2 severely wounded, but Vitez (Bosnia): xxi Warneton (Flanders): 98 survived, 542 Vitrimont (France): 52, 53 Warsaw: xviii, xix, 45, 47, Weygand, Colonel (later Vitry-le-Francois (Western 121, 125,177,179,295, General): 61,497, 534 Front): 440 335,344,474,475,526, Wheeler, Major: killed in Vittoria Veneto (Italy): 376 527 action, 140 Viviani, Rene: 64 Washburn, Stanley: 103-4, Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John: Vladaya (Bulgaria): 462 I2.5 xviii; quoted, 107, 327-8, Vladivostok (Russia): 105, Washington D.C.: 28, 78, 84, 343,390,472 346 n.r, 385, 43 8, 439, 156,396,4°0,4°8,441, Whitby (Britain): 449,452, p6 481 bombarded, 110 INDEX White, A.P.: xv, 126, 133-4, Wilson, President Woodrow: Woodward, Llewellyn: 278 138 and a neutral America, 84­ Wordsworth, William: 235 White House (Washington): 5,143,157,227, 287,291, Wrisberg, General: 455 408 292, 301, 303, 305-6, Wulvergem (Western Front): White Russia (Byelorussia): 307,308,314;and 220 401,527 America at war (in 1917), Wilrttemberg, Duke of: 429, Whites (Anti-Bolshevik 317,318,348,378; (in 49 1 Russians): 386,425,429, 1918),394,397,398,4°8, WilIttemberg troops (in 430,453,470,515, 52~ 432,437,462,466,472, 1870): 35 535 474,475,478,479,480, Wiirzburg: xviii Whitlock, Brand: 274 481,482,486,495,5°3, Wyndham, Percy: killed in 'Why?': 504 504; and the Fourteen action, 82 Widener Memorial Library Points, 394, 397, 472; and Wytschaete Ridge (Flanders): (Harvard): 197 n.r peacemaking, 507, 509, 97-8,222,336,337,466 Wilhelmshaven (Germany): 522, 527 127, 355; 367,493 Wilson, Harold: 102 n. I xenophobia: 91 Wilkerson, Private: killed in Wilson, General Henry: 80, Xon (Western Front): 124 action, 220 81, 114-5,455-6 Willcocks, General: 112, 133, Wilson, T.P. Cameron: killed Yakubovich, Colonel: 327 160 in action, 408 Yale University: 493 William I (1797-1888), King Wiltshire (England): 321, Yanushkevich, General: 27 of Prussia and (from 1871) 326,456 Yarmouth (England): 125 German Emperor: 5, 101 Wimbledon (London): 461 Yates, Captain: killed in William II (1859-1941), Wimereux (France): 396 action, 116 German Emperor (Kaiser): Winchester Prison Yeats, W.B.: 413 xviii, xix; (before 1914), 2, (Hampshire); 331 Yenbo (Red Sea): 305 4, 5,6,7,8, 10, II; (in Windsor Castle (England): Yiddish (German-Jewish 1914),13,14-5,18,19, 246, 29° language): 277 n.r 21,24-5,26-7,3°,33,35• Wingate, Sir Reginald: 214 York, Sergeant Alvin c.: 475 6,39,42,43, 57,67,73, Winnington-Ingram, Bishop Yorkshire Herald: 79-80 77, 94, 98, 101, 106; (in (of London): 120,35 I Yorktown, Battle of (1781): 1915),126,128,13°,158, Winogradsky brothers: 340 244 171,177,193,203,205, Winter Palace (Petrograd): Young, Private Rush: 490 208 n.r, 221; (in 1916), 374 Young Arab Society: 215 227,231,232,237,246, Winterfeldt, Major-General Yovanovitch, Zmay: his 252,267,282,283,291, von: 497 poem, 210 295,296,3°2,3°4; (in Wiskemann, Elizabeth: Yprecourt (Belgium): 56 1917),3°5,3°8,314,319, quoted, 367,479 Ypres (Belgium): 90, 91, 92, 338,344,347,34~350, Wissman (German gunboat): 97,98,99, 125,156,162, 355,36~ 385,38~388, 41 4°4,445, 533 390; (in 1918), 398,4°3, Wittenberg (Germany): 119­ Ypres Fire Brigade: 534 4°7,421,423,426,434, 20, 186 Ypres Salient: xvi; in 1914, 44~444,450,451,45~ Wittgenstein, Hermione: 38 92,93,94,96,97, 112, 457,463,466-7,47°,471, Wittgenstein, Ludwig: 38,45, 113-4; in 1915, 125, 144, 480,481,483-4,485,489, 78,79, 104, 253, 273, 161, 164, 178-9, 192, 49°,493,494,495-6, 294-5,344,433,491,520 217,222; in 1916, 238, 497-8; (in exile), 500, 5°3, Wittgenstein, Paul: 520 252, 275; in 1917,346-7; 5°7, 523 Woermann, Lieutenant: Third Battle for William (1882-1951), killed in action, 131 (Passchendaele), 353-4, Crown Prince of Germany Wolf, Karl Hermann: 366-7 355, 356,35~361,363­ and Prussia: 26, 233, 254 women munitions workers: 5; in 1918,396,399,412, Williams, Sergeant H.R.: 268 238,345 457; Fourth Battle for Williams, Lieutenant­ Women's Auxiliary Army (1918),466,478;memorial Colonel Henry: 528-9 Corps: 345,424 to the missing in, 354, 533­ Williams, Lieutenant Tudor: Women's Battalion of Death: 4 wounded, 542 346 Yudenitch, General: 226-7 Williamson, Lieutenant 'Women's Right to Serve': Yugoslav Division (1918): in Alexander: killed, 82 345 action, 461 Willis, Captain Raymond: Wood, Derwent: 162 'Yugoslav Parliamentary 148-9 Wood-Martin, Lieutenant: Club': 333 Willmer, Major: 184 killed in action, I 34 Yugoslavia: 138, 204, 348, Wilson, Edith (Mrs Woodrow Woodward, David: quoted, 429,488,5°6-7, 518 n.r, Wilson): 495 35 5 n.r 520, 521,43 I INDEX Zaharoff, Sir Basil: 347 Zeppelins-eontd. Zimmern, Alfred: 120 Zangwill, Israel: his poem, London), 479; memorials Zimmerwald (Switzerland): 3°0 to crews of, 540 192-3, 196 Zeebrugge (Belgium): xv, Zeus: 545 Zimnicea (Roumania): 301 126; attack on (1918), Zhukov, Georgi: xvii, 295, Zion Mule Corps: 150-1, 417-8; a target, 423; 313 168 evacuated, 48o Ziegenhain (Germany): 345 Zionism: 109,366,373,429 Zeeland, Paul van: 423 n.r Zlochov (Eastern Galicia): Zeppelins: attacks by, 42, 'Zig Zag' (anti-aircraft 347, 349 II9, 125,13°,165,171, barrage, London): 193 Zossen (Germany): 128 193,201,203,230,23~ Zillebeke Wood (Ypres Zouave Wood (Ypres 289,291,3°2,368,415; Salient): 97 Salient): 179 attacks on, 84,9°,110, Zillisheim (Alsace): 51 Zouaves: 72 119,171,289-90,448;and Zimmermann, Dr. Alfred: II, Zulu War (1879): 57 n.r the influenza death toll (in 308,312 Zurich (Switzerland): 316

615