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Home , Laura Chinchilla, Ravi Kanbur

HDR 2019 Advisory Board members

No Name Title, Institution

1 Thomas Piketty (Co-Chair) Professor at the Paris School of and the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences; and Co-Director of the World Inequality Lab 2 Tharman Shanmugaratnam Senior Minister and Coordinating Minister for Social Policies, Singapore (Co-Chair)

3 Olu Ajakaiye Executive Chairman, African Centre for Shared Development Capacity Building, Ibadan, Nigeria (Member of HDRO Advisory Panel in 2016) 4 Professor of Economics and Carl Marks Professor at and President of the International Economic Association 5 Professor of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa

6 Laura Chinchilla Miranda President of (2010-2014) and Vice President of the World Leadership Alliance - Club de Madrid 7 Francisco Ferreira Senior Adviser, ’s Development Research Group

8 Janet C. Gornick Professor at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, and Director of the Stone Center on Socio- 9 David Grusky Professor at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Center on and Inequality 10 Ravi Kanbur T. H. Lee Professor of World Affairs, International Professor of Applied Economics and Management, and Professor of Economics at Cornell University

11 Enrico Letta Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po and former Italian Prime Minister 12 Chunling Li Chief Research Fellow at the Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and deputy-director of CASS Center for National Survey and Big Data

13 Nora Lustig Samuel Z. Stone Professor of Latin American Economics and Director of the Commitment to Equity Institute (CEQ), Tulane University 14 Njuguna Ndung’u Executive Director of African Economic Research Consortium and the former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya

15 Frances Stewart Professor Emeritus of , University of Oxford

HDR 2019 Advisory Board member bios

Thomas Piketty, Professor at the Paris School of Economics and the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences; and Co-Director of the World Inequality Lab (Co-Chair)

Thomas Piketty is a French economist and currently works as a professor at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) and at the Paris School of Economics (PSE), and co-director of the World Inequality Lab. Earlier he has worked as an assistant professor in the Department of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Researcher at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). He has a M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from the ENS, and a Ph.D. in economics from the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) and the London School of Economics. He is the initiator of the recent literature on the long-run evolution of top income shares in national income (now available in the World Inequality Database). These works have led to radically question the optimistic relationship between development and inequality posited by Kuznets, and to emphasize the role of political, social and fiscal institutions in the historical evolution of income and wealth distribution. He is also the author of the international best- seller Capital in the 21st Century. He is a columnist for the French newspaper Le Monde.

Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Senior Minister and Coordinating Minister for Social Policies, Singapore (Co-Chair)

Tharman Shanmugaratnam is currently Senior Minister in Singapore. He is also Coordinating Minister for Social Policies, and advises the Prime Minister on economic policies. Tharman is concurrently Chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore, Singapore’s central bank and financial regulator. Tharman chairs the Group of Thirty, an independent global council of economic and financial leaders. He also chaired the G20 Eminent Persons Group on Global Financial Governance, which in October 2018 proposed reforms for a more effective system of global development finance and for financial stability. He earlier led the International Monetary and Financial Committee (IMFC), the key policy forum of the IMF, from 2011 – 2014; he was its first Asian chair. Tharman served as Deputy Prime Minister for eight years from 2011. He was also Coordinating Minister for Economic and Social Policies for four years from 2015. Prior to that, he was Minister for Finance for eight years (from 2007), and Minister for for five years (from 2003). Among other initiatives, Tharman led the national ‘SkillsFuture’ programme, launched in 2014 with the aim of developing the skills of the future, and opportunities for life-long learning among Singaporeans.

Olu Ajakaiye, Executive Chairman, African Centre for Shared Development Capacity Building (ACSDCB), Ibadan, Nigeria

Olu Ajakaiye is a Fellow at the Nigerian Economic Society, and is currently Executive Chairman of the African Centre for Shared Development Capacity Building (ACSDCB) in Ibadan, Nigeria. Prior to this, he was the Director of Research at the African Economic Research Consortium (AERC) in Nairobi (2004-2011) and Director-General of the Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER) in Ibadan (1999-2004). Prof. Ajakaiye was also President of the Nigerian Economic Society (2013-2015); Member of the National Economic Management Team (2013-2015); Member of the National Conference (2014); and Chairman of the Economic Policy Working Group of Agricultural Transformation Agenda in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture in Abuja (2014). He also served as a Member of the Commissioning Panel for the DFID-ESRC Growth Research Programme (2015-2016); Member of the Assessment Panel at the Research Council of UK Global Challenge Research Fund (2017-2018); and Vice President for Africa at the Intergovernmental Council of Management of Social Transformations (MOST) of UNESCO (2000–2004). He was the editor of the Journal of Economic Management (1995–2002); Business Manager of the African Journal of Economic Policy (1994–2004; Chairman of the National Core Team for the preparation of the Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (I-PRSP) (2002); and editor of the AERC Supplement of the Journal of African Economies (JAE) (2004-2011). In 2016, he served as member of Advisory Panel for UNDP’s Human Development Report. He specializes in development economics and has published widely in the area. Olu Ajakaiye obtained his B.Sc. Economics from University of Ibadan, Nigeria and PhD Economics from Boston University, USA.

Kaushik Basu, Professor of Economics and Carl Marks Professor at Cornell University and President of the International Economic Association

Kaushik Basu is professor in the Department of Economics and the College of Business at Cornell University. He was till recently Chief Economist and Senior Vice President of the World Bank (2012-16) and, prior to that, Chief Economic Adviser to the Indian government (2009-12). He did his undergraduate studies at St. Stephen's College, Delhi, and obtained his PhD from the London School of Economics. After his PhD he taught at the Delhi School of Economics, and in 1992 founded the Centre for Development Economics in Delhi.

Basu has published extensively in the fields of development economics, welfare economics, game theory, and law and economics. His most recent book, The Republic of Beliefs: A New Approach to Law and Economics, was published by Princeton University Press in 2018 and has been translated into several languages. In 2008 Basu received one of India's highest civilian honours, the Padma Bhushan, from the President of India.

Haroon Bhorat, Professor of Economics, University of Cape Town

Haroon Bhorat is Professor of Economics, at the University of Cape Town, South Africa. He is also the Director of the Development Policy Research Unit (DPRU). His research interests cover the areas of , poverty and income distribution. He has co-authored and co-edited a number of books on labour market and poverty issues in Africa, and has published widely in academic journals. He has served on a number of government research advisory panels and consults regularly with international organizations such as the ILO, World Bank and the UNDP. Haroon is a Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, is a Board Member of the National Research Foundation (NRF) and UNU- WIDER, and sits on the World Bank’s Advisory Board of the Commission on Global Poverty, and the UN/WHO’s High Level Commission on Health Employment and . Haroon previously served as Head of Research for the UN’s High-Level Panel on the Post- 2015 Development Agenda. Professor Bhorat served as an economic advisor to past South African Ministers of Finance, including Min. Pravin Gordhan, and Presidents Thabo Mbeki and Kgalema Motlanthe, formally serving on the Presidential Economic Advisory Panel.

Laura Chinchilla Miranda, former

Laura Chinchilla was President of Costa Rica from 2010 to 2014. Her election as President was preceded by a political career which included her appointment as Minister of Security (1996-1998), her election as member of the National Congress (2002-2006), and her election as Vice President of Costa Rica (2006-2008). One of her most outstanding achievements in the exercise of the Presidency of the Republic was the steady decline in major crime rates in Costa Rica, including homicide and femicide. Mrs. Chinchilla also prompted measures on institutional reform of the Costa Rican government, on digital and open government, on the promotion of the rights of women, on the protection of children and on environmental sustainability. She is active on global agenda issues being vice president of the Club de Madrid, Chair of the InterAmerican Dialogue, and Chair of the Kofi Annan Commission on Elections & Democracy in the Digital Age. She has been teaching at (USA), the Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey (), and the Sao Paulo University (Brazil).

Francisco Ferreira, Senior Adviser, World Bank’s Development Research Group

Francisco H. G. Ferreira is a Senior Adviser in the World Bank’s Development Research Group, where he oversees the Bank’s research programs on poverty and inequality. He was formerly the Bank’s Chief Economist for the Africa Region, and has also served as Deputy Chief Economist for and the Caribbean, and as co-Director of the World Development Report 2006, on Equity and Development. Francisco is also a non-resident Research Fellow at the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA, Bonn). He is a co-editor of the World Bank Economic Review and has served as Editor in Chief of the Journal of Economic Inequality and of Economía, the journal of the Latin American and Caribbean Economics Association. Francisco has taught at the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro and at the Paris School of Economics. He was born and raised in São Paulo, Brazil, and holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the London School of Economics.

Janet C. Gornick, Professor at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, and Director of the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality

Janet Gornick is Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. From 2006-2016, she served as Director of LIS, the cross‐ national data archive center in Luxembourg. Since 2016, she serves as Director of the Stone Center on Socio‐Economic Inequality, and as Director of the US Office of LIS. Most of her research is comparative and concerns the impact of social welfare policies on economic gender disparities and/or income inequality. Her work has appeared in several journals, including American Sociological Review, Annual Review of Sociology, Social Forces, Socio‐ Economic Review, Journal of European Social Policy, European Sociological Review, Social Science Quarterly, Monthly Labor Review, and . She is co‐ author/co‐editor of three books: Families That Work: Policies for Reconciling Parenthood and Employment (2003), Gender Equality: Transforming Family Divisions of Labor (2009), and Income Inequality: Economic Disparities and the Middle Class in Affluent Countries (2013). She attended Harvard University, where she was awarded a BA (Psychology and Social Relations 1980), an MPA (Kennedy School 1987), and a PhD (Political Economy and Government 1994).

David Grusky, Professor at Stanford University and director of the Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality

David Bryan Grusky is an American sociologist and the Barbara Kimball Browning Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences at Stanford University. He is also a senior fellow of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research and the director of the Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality. He formerly taught at Cornell University, where he was the founder and founding director of the Center for the Study of Inequality.

Ravi Kanbur, Professor, Cornell University

Ravi Kanbur is T. H. Lee Professor of World Affairs, International Professor of Applied Economics and Management, and Professor of Economics at Cornell University. Ravi Kanbur has served on the senior staff of the World Bank, including as Resident Representative in Ghana and Chief Economist of the African Region. He has also served as Director of the World Bank's World Development Report. He is Chair of the Board of United Nations University-World Institute for Development Economics Research, Co-Chair of the Scientific Council of the International Panel on Social Progress, member of the OECD High Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance, Past-President of the Human Development and Capability Association, Past-President of the Society for the

Study of Economic Inequality, past member of the High Level Advisory Council of the Climate Justice Dialogue, and past-member of the Core Group of the Commission on Global Poverty. His recent publications include books on Inequalities in Asia, Climate Justice: Integrating Economics and Philosophy, and Immiserizing Growth: When Economic Growth Fails the Poor.

Enrico Letta, Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po and former Italian Prime Minister

Enrico Letta is the Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po in Paris and also the President of the Jacques Delors Institute. He was the Prime Minister of Italy from April 2013 to February 2014. Before he served as Minister for EU Affairs, as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts, as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts and Foreign Trade. Between 2001 and 2015 he was Member of the Italian Parliament, excluding between 2004 and 2006 when he was Member of the European Parliament. He also served as deputy Secretary of the Democratic Party (PD) from 2009 to 2013.

Chunling Li, Chief Research Fellow at the Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), and deputy-director of CASS Center for National Survey and Big Data

LI Chunling is a Chief Research Fellow of Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), and deputy-director of CASS Center for National Survey and Big Data, Secretary general of China Education Development Think Tank, director of the Department of Youth Studies and Social Problems. She is also a professor of Department of Sociology of CASS University. She has been serving as the vice-chairman of Research Committee of Social Stratification and Mobility at the Chinese Sociological Association. She received B.A. and M.A. of history in Peking University and Ph.D in sociology in Graduate

School of CASS. She had studied as visiting scholar and visiting professor in Ecole Normale Superieure of France, Princeton University, Sciences Po Paris, Stockholm University, Oxford University and the University of Michigan. Her primary research interests are inequality and social stratification, as well as sociology of education and youth studies.

Nora Lustig, Samuel Z. Stone Professor of Latin American Economics and Director of the Commitment to Equity Institute (CEQ), Tulane University

Nora Lustig is Samuel Z. Stone Professor of Latin American Economics and Director of the Commitment to Equity Institute (CEQ) at Tulane University. She is also a Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, the Center for Global Development and the Inter- American Dialogue. Professor Lustig’s research is on economic development, inequality and social policies with emphasis on Latin America. Her most recent publication Commitment to Equity Handbook: Estimating the Impact of Fiscal Policy on Inequality and Poverty, (Brookings 2018) is a step-by-step guide to assessing the impact of taxation and social spending on inequality and poverty in developing countries. Prof. Lustig is a founding member and President Emeritus of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA) and was a co-director of the World Bank’s World Development Report 2000, Attacking Poverty. She serves on the editorial board of the Journal of Economic Inequality and is a member of the Society for the Study of Economic Inequality’s Executive Council. Prof. Lustig served on the Atkinson Commission on Poverty, the High-level Group on Measuring Economic Performance and Social Progress, and the G20 Eminent Persons Group on Global Financial Governance. She received her doctorate in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley.

Njuguna Ndung’u, Executive Director of African Economic Research Consortium and the former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya

Njuguna Ndung’u is the Executive Director of African Economic Research Consortium (AERC) and Professor of economics at the University of Nairobi. Prof. Njuguna Ndung’u is also a member of the International Advisory Group (IAG) of the ESRC Inclusive Finance Project under Centre for Global Finance. Currently, he is also a member of the Brookings Africa Growth Initiative (AGI) Distinguished Advisory Group; a Member of the Advisory Committee of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI); and a Senior Advisor for the UNCDF- based Better Than Cash Alliance. Njuguna Ndung’u is the immediate former Governor of the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK), where he served for two 4-year terms from 2007 to 2015.

Prior to this, Njuguna Ndung’u was the Director of Training, African Economic Research

Consortium, (AERC), 2003 - 2007. He has taught economics at the University of Nairobi, has worked with the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and at the Kenya Institute of Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA). He has published in journals and chapters in volumes on inflation, exchange rate, economic growth and poverty reduction. He holds a PhD in economics from Gothenburg University, Sweden, a Bachelors and Masters of Arts in Economics from the University of Nairobi.

Frances Stewart, Professor Emeritus of Development Economics, University of Oxford

Frances Stewart is Professor Emeritus of Development Economics at the University of Oxford. Frances has acted as consultant for early Human Development Reports; Chair of the United Nations Committee on Development Policy and Vice-Chair of the Board of the International Food Policy Research Institute. Among many publications, she is co-author of UNICEF’s influential study, Adjustment with a Human Face (OUP 1987); and leading author and editor of Horizontal Inequalities and Conflict: Understanding Group Violence in Multi- ethnic Societies (Palgrave, 2008). She was given the UNDP’s Mahbub ul Haq award for her lifetime’s achievements in promoting human development in 2009; and named one of fifty outstanding technological leaders for 2003 by Scientific American.