DOCSLIB.ORG

The War on Poverty: a Progress Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The War on Poverty: a Progress Report THE WAR ON POVERTY: A PROGRESS REPORT HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION HEARING HELD IN WASHINGTON, DC, JULY 31, 2013 Serial No. 113–8 Printed for the use of the Committee on the Budget ( Available on the Internet: www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/committee.action?chamber=house&committee=budget U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 81–981 PDF WASHINGTON : 2013 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET PAUL RYAN, Wisconsin, Chairman TOM PRICE, Georgia CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland, SCOTT GARRETT, New Jersey Ranking Minority Member JOHN CAMPBELL, California ALLYSON Y. SCHWARTZ, Pennsylvania KEN CALVERT, California JOHN A. YARMUTH, Kentucky TOM COLE, Oklahoma BILL PASCRELL, JR., New Jersey TOM MCCLINTOCK, California TIM RYAN, Ohio JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma GWEN MOORE, Wisconsin DIANE BLACK, Tennessee KATHY CASTOR, Florida REID J. RIBBLE, Wisconsin JIM MCDERMOTT, Washington BILL FLORES, Texas BARBARA LEE, California TODD ROKITA, Indiana DAVID N. CICILLINE, Rhode Island ROB WOODALL, Georgia HAKEEM S. JEFFRIES, New York MARSHA BLACKBURN, Tennessee MARK POCAN, Wisconsin ALAN NUNNELEE, Mississippi MICHELLE LUJAN GRISHAM, New Mexico E. SCOTT RIGELL, Virginia JARED HUFFMAN, California VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri TONY CA´ RDENAS, California JACKIE WALORSKI, Indiana EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon LUKE MESSER, Indiana KURT SCHRADER, Oregon TOM RICE, South Carolina ROGER WILLIAMS, Texas SEAN P. DUFFY, Wisconsin PROFESSIONAL STAFF AUSTIN SMYTHE, Staff Director THOMAS S. KAHN, Minority Staff Director (II) C O N T E N T S Page Hearing held in Washington, DC, July 31, 2013 .................................................. 1 Hon. Paul Ryan, Chairman, Committee on the Budget ................................ 1 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 2 Hon. Chris Van Hollen, ranking member, Committee on the Budget ......... 3 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 5 Jon Baron, president, Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy .......................... 7 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 8 Eloise Anderson, secretary, Wisconsin Department of Children and Fami- lies; chair, Secretary’s Innovation Group .................................................... 13 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 15 Douglas Besharov, professor, University of Maryland School of Public Policy .............................................................................................................. 19 Prepared statement of, Internet address to ............................................ 21 Sr. Simone Campbell, SSS, executive director, NETWORK, a national Catholic social justice lobby ......................................................................... 21 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 23 Additional submission: ‘‘Priorities for a Faithful Budget,’’ Internet address to ............................................................................................... 79 Hon. Allyson Y. Schwartz, a Representative in Congress from the State of Pennsylvania, prepared statement of ...................................................... 64 Hon. Barbara Lee, a Representative in Congress from the State of Cali- fornia, submissions for the record: Tianna Gaines-Turner, chair, Witnesses to Hunger, prepared state- ment of .................................................................................................... 64 Deborah Weinstein, executive director, Coalition on Human Needs, prepared statement of ........................................................................... 68 Hon. Gwen Moore, a Representative in Congress from the State of Wis- consin, submission for the record: Citizens for Tax Justice press release, dated April 24, 2013, ‘‘Execu- tive-Pay Tax Break Saved Fortune 500 Corporations $27 Billion Over the Past Three Years’’ .................................................................. 72 (III) THE WAR ON POVERTY: A PROGRESS REPORT WEDNESDAY, JULY 31, 2013 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET, Washington, DC. The Committee met, pursuant to call, at 12:30 p.m., in room 210, Cannon House Office Building, Hon. Paul Ryan, [chairman of the Committee] presiding. Present: Representatives Ryan, Price, Garrett, Ribble, Rice, Duffy, McClintock, Williams, Rokita, Messer, Blackburn, Hartzler, Woodall, Lankford, Pascrell, Castor, McDermott, Lee, Cicilline, Jeffries, Pocan, Schrader, Yarmuth, Moore, Lujan Grisham Chairman RYAN. All right. The hearing will come to order. First of all, I would like to ask for unanimous consent that members have five calendar days to submit opening statements, and that it include any extraneous material for the record, without objection. Good afternoon, everybody. This looks like a very well-attended hearing. I expect more of our members to show up as we progress. Well, why are we doing this? Forty-nine years ago Lyndon John- son declared a War on Poverty. In 1964, he said, quote, ‘‘We have declared unconditional War on Poverty. Our objective is total vic- tory,’’ close quote. Later that year he added, quote, ‘‘I believe that 30 years from now Americans will look back upon these 1960s as the time of the great American breakthrough, the victory of pros- perity over poverty,’’ end quote. Well, since then, we have spent $15 trillion on that war. So what do we have to show for it? Today 46 million people are living in poverty. Twenty million Americans live on less than half of the poverty level. For too many families the American dream is out of reach. Now that is partly because of this recession, but even as the economy picks up steam, millions of families are falling farther behind. And many communities have been hurting for years, well before this recession hit. The fact is, we are losing this War on Poverty, and we need to know why. This is not about cutting spending, this is about improv- ing people’s lives. In this country, the condition of your birth should not determine the outcome of your life. If you work hard and play by the rules, you can get ahead. That is something that we all believe in and that we all care about. This is the central promise of this country. We want to protect that idea, and we want to preserve it for the next generation. And government does have a role to play. But we have been doing a pretty lousy job. The reason is govern- ment is focusing too much on inputs. We are focusing on the money (1) 2 we spend. Instead, we ought to focusing on results. We should focus on how many people we get off of public assistance because they have a good job, because they have opportunity and upward mobil- ity. The federal government is like a giant sedimentary rock. There are layers upon layers of programs that have been built up upon each other over time. In fact, there are so many of them, and there is so little coordination between them that, in many cases, they work against each other. In effect, we penalize people for finding a job or getting a raise. And even worse, some programs displace the efforts of local communities to help families in need. Govern- ment should not displace these efforts; it should support them. So I hope today’s hearing will start a conversation. Both sides need to rethink the government’s approach to poverty, both sides. How can we support our local communities? How can we renew the American Idea? How can we focus on outcomes and results, and see those results? To that end, I am very pleased to welcome from Wisconsin, our secretary, Eloise Anderson, the head of Wisconsin’s Department of Children and Families. She brings decades of experience as a social worker and administrator. We have Professor Besharov from the University of Maryland. He brings decades of academic expertise. He is well versed in the history of these societal challenges and government’s response to them. We have Jon Baron from the Coali- tion for Evidence-Based Policy. He is a distinguished, non-partisan leader in evaluating government programs. I also want to thank Sister Simone Campbell for joining us here today as well. With that, I would like to recognize the ranking member, Mr. Van Hollen, for his opening remarks. [The prepared statement of Paul Ryan follows:] PREPARED STATEMENT OF HON. PAUL RYAN, CHAIRMAN, COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET Well, good afternoon, everybody. Forty-nine years ago, Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty. In 1964, he said, ‘‘We have declared unconditional war on poverty. Our objective is total victory.’’ Later that year, he added, ‘‘I believe that thirty years from now Americans will look back upon these 1960s as the time of the great American Breakthrough * * * the victory of prosperity over poverty.’’ Since then, we’ve spent over $15 trillion in that war. So what do we have to show for it? Well, today 46 million people live in poverty. And 20 million Americans live on less than half of the poverty level. For too many families, the American Dream is out of reach. Now that’s partly because of the recession. But even as the economy picks up steam, millions of families are falling behind. And many communities
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Why Does Cash Welfare Depend on Where You Live? How and Why State TANF Programs Vary
    LOW-INCOME WORKING F AMILIES RESEARCH REPORT Why Does Cash Welfare Depend on Where You Live? How and Why State TANF Programs Vary Heather Hahn Laudan Aron Cary Lou Eleanor Pratt Adaeze Okoli June 2017 ABOUT THE URBAN INSTITUTE The nonprofit Urban Institute is dedicated to elevating the debate on social and economic policy. For nearly five decades, Urban scholars have conducted research and offered evidence-based solutions that improve lives and strengthen communities across a rapidly urbanizing world. Their objective research helps expand opportunities for all, reduce hardship among the most vulnerable, and strengthen the effectiveness of the public sector. Copyright © June 2017. Urban Institute. Permission is granted for reproduction of this file, with attribution to the Urban Institute. Cover image by Tim Meko. Contents Acknowledgments iv Why Does Cash Welfare Depend on Where You Live? 1 A Brief Overview of TANF 2 State TANF Policies 9 Generosity: What a Family Gets, Has, or Can Keep 10 Restrictiveness: What a Family Must or Must Not Do 11 Duration: How Long a Family Can Receive Cash Assistance 12 How State TANF Policy Choices Relate to One Another 14 Racial Implications 18 Explaining State Policy Choices 18 Prior Research 18 State Characteristics 19 State Characteristics Explaining TANF Policy Choices 23 Results 30 Conclusion 33 Appendix A. Data and Methods 34 Appendix B. Correlation and Regression Tables 37 Notes 40 References 43 About the Authors 46 Statement of Independence 47 Acknowledgments This report was funded by the Annie E. Casey Foundation through the Urban Institute’s Low-Income Working Families initiative, a multiyear effort that focuses on the private- and public-sector contexts for families’ well-being.
    [Show full text]
  • The Four Freedoms
    ACTIVITY 1.9 WWhathat IIss FFreedom?reedom? ACTIVITY 1.9 PLAN Suggested Pacing: 2 50-minute Learning Targets class periods • Analyze the use of rhetorical features in an argumentative text. LEARNING STRATEGIES: SOAPSTone, Socratic • Compare how a common theme is expressed in different texts. Seminar TEACH • Present, clarify, and challenge ideas in order to propel conversations. 1 Read the Preview and the Setting Preview a Purpose for Reading sections with In this activity, you will read a speech delivered by President Franklin D. Roosevelt My Notes your students. Help them understand and two parts of the Constitution of the United States to root your thinking in the that they will be reading seminal foundational documents of the nation. texts of the United States to compare Setting a Purpose for Reading definitions offreedom . These texts are primary sources. Remind • Underline words and phrases that define freedom. students that primary sources are • Highlight words and phrases that describe the concepts of America and American. valuable, and context is important in • Put a star next to particularly moving rhetoric. understanding them. • Circle unknown words and phrases. Try to determine the meaning of the words 2 FIRST READ: Based on the by using context clues, word parts, or a dictionary. complexity of the passage and your knowledge of your students, you ABOUT THE AUTHOR may choose to conduct the first President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivered this State of the Union speech reading in a variety of ways: on January 6, 1941. The speech outlines four key human rights. It acted as a reminder to the nation of the reasons for supporting Great Britain in its fight • independent reading against Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • September 18, 2013 the Honorable Diane Black 1531 Longworth HOB
    September 18, 2013 The Honorable Diane Black The Honorable Marsha Blackburn 1531 Longworth HOB 217 Cannon House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 Washington, D.C. 20515 The Honorable Steve Cohen The Honorable Jim Cooper 2404 Rayburn HOB 1536 Longworth HOB Washington, DC 20515 Washington, D.C. 20515 The Honorable Scott Desjarlais The Honorable John J. Duncan, Jr. 413 Cannon HOB 2207 Rayburn HOB Washington, DC 20515 Washington, DC 20515 The Honorable Stephen Fincher The Honorable Chuck Fleischmann 1118 Longworth HOB 230 Cannon HOB Washington, DC 20515 Washington, DC 20515 The Honorable Phil Roe 407 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington, DC 20515 Dear Tennessee Delegation: As leaders of Tennessee’s colleges and universities, we are writing to encourage you to address a critical threat to America's preeminence as the center of innovation and prosperity: our inability under current United States immigration policy to help Tennessee retain and capitalize on many of the talented individuals we are educating on our campuses. Foreign-born students help create jobs for Tennessee and often provide the technological innovations that help drive economic growth. Many will serve as the next generation of entrepreneurs, scientists, and leaders in our state. A recent study by the Partnership for a New American Economy and the American Enterprise Institute found that for every 100 foreign-born graduates from a U.S. Master’s or PhD program who stay in America working in a STEM field, 262 additional jobs are created for American workers. In Tennessee, that can translate into a significant new growth -- since our share of foreign-born advance STEM degree holders working in STEM fields grew by 85 percent between 2000 and 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • DIRECTORY the 112Th Congress
    DIRECTORY the 112th Congress P.O. Box 100912 | 710 Spence Lane | Nashville, TN 37217 P : 615.367.9284 | tnelectric.org eective April 2011 facebook.com/tnelectric twitter.com/tnelectric Gender: Male Lamar Hometown: Nashville Birth: July 3, 1940 Professional Alexander Experience: Public official, Attorney The Honorable Lamar Alexander Education: JD, New York University United States Senate BA, Vanderbilt University 455 Dirksen Senate Office Building, Family: Wife, Honey Buhler Washington, DC 20510-4206 4 Children Tel (202) 224-4944 4 Grandchildren Fax (202) 228-3398 Faith: Presbyterian Website http://alexander.senate.gov Political Profile Office Staff Party: Republican Chief of Staff: Matt Sonnesyn Leadership: Chairman Senate Republican Conference Scheduler: Sarah Fairchild First Elected To Office: November 5, 2002 Legislative Director: David Cleary Year of Next Election: November 4, 2014 Press Secretary: Jim Jeffries Previous Political Work: Secretary, Department of Education Governor of Tennessee Committee Membership Senate Committee on Appropriations - 5 District Offices: Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, and Science, and Related Joel E. Soloman Federal Building, #260 Agencies - 4 900 Georgia Avenue, Chattanooga, TN 37402 Subcommittee on Defense - 5 Voice: 423-752-5337 FAX: 423-752-5342 Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development - Ranking Clifford Davis-Odell Horton Federal Building, Suite 1068 Minority Member 167 North Main Street, Memphis, TN 38103 Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies - 2 Voice: 901-544-4224
    [Show full text]
  • What Do the War on Drugs and Welfare Reform Have in Common?
    The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare Volume 41 Issue 1 March Article 2 2014 Pathologies of the Poor: What do the War on Drugs and Welfare Reform Have in Common? Kalynn Amundson University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, [email protected] Anna M. Zajicek University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Valerie H. Hunt University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/jssw Part of the Public Policy Commons, Social Policy Commons, and the Social Work Commons Recommended Citation Amundson, Kalynn; Zajicek, Anna M.; and Hunt, Valerie H. (2014) "Pathologies of the Poor: What do the War on Drugs and Welfare Reform Have in Common?," The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare: Vol. 41 : Iss. 1 , Article 2. Available at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/jssw/vol41/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you by the Western Michigan University School of Social Work. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pathologies of the Poor: What do the War on Drugs and Welfare Reform Have in Common? KALYNN AMUNDSON Public Policy Ph D Program University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ANNA M. ZAJICEK Department of Sociology University of Arkansas, Fayetteville VALERIE H. HUNT Public Policy Ph D Program University of Arkansas, Fayetteville The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconcilia- tion Act of 1996 (PRWORA) authorized drug testing of welfare recipients as a criterion for assistance eligibility. This raises the question of a possible confluence of War on Drugs and Welfare Reform policies, as indicated by continuity in policymakers’ rheto- ric. We examine federal-level policymakers’ debates surrounding the authorization of drug testing welfare recipients.
    [Show full text]
  • The Poverty and Welfare Rhetoric of Lyndon Johnson and Ronald Reagan
    UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-2007 Defining eality:r The poverty and welfare rhetoric of Lyndon Johnson and Ronald Reagan Andrea Lyn Finan University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Finan, Andrea Lyn, "Defining eality:r The poverty and welfare rhetoric of Lyndon Johnson and Ronald Reagan" (2007). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 2230. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/hkov-c02c This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEFINING REALITY: THE POVERTY AND WELFARE RHETORIC OF LYNDON JOHNSON AND RONALD REAGAN by Andrea Lyn Finan Bachelor of Arts University of Nevada, Las Vegas 2005 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Communication Studies Department of Communication Studies Greenspun College of Urban Affairs Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas December 2007 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Setting Course: a Congressional Management Guide
    SETTING COURSE SETTING “The best thing a new Member and his or her staff can do is to sit down and read Setting Course cover to cover. It’s a book that has stood the test of time.” —House Chief of Staff SETTING “Setting Course is written as if you were having a conversation with someone who has been on Capitol Hill for 50 years and knows how things work.” —Senate Office Manager COURSE SETTING COURSE, now in its 17th edition for the 117th Congress, is a comprehensive guide to managing a congressional office. Part I is for Members-elect and freshman offices, focusing on the tasks that are most critical to a successful transition to Congress and setting up a new office. Part II focuses on defining the Member’s role — in the office and in Congress. Part III provides guidance to both freshman and veteran Members and staff on managing office operations. Setting Course is the signature publication of the Congressional Management Foundation MANAGEMENT GUIDE CONGRESSIONAL A and has been funded by grants from: Deborah Szekely A CONGRESSIONAL MANAGEMENT GUIDE THE CONGRESSIONAL MANAGEMENT FOUNDATION (CMF) is a 501(c)(3) nonpartisan nonprofit whose mission is to build EDITION FOR THE trust and effectiveness in Congress. We do this by enhancing the 117th performance of the institution, legislators and their staffs through CONGRESS research-based education and training, and by strengthening the CONGRESS bridge between Congress and the People it serves. Since 1977 CMF 117th has worked internally with Member, committee, leadership, and institutional offices in the House and Senate to identify and disseminate best practices for management, workplace environment, SPONSORED BY communications, and constituent services.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Empowerment: Critical Perspectives from Scotland
    Community Empowerment: Critical Perspectives from Scotland Edited by Akwugo Emejulu and Mae Shaw The Glasgow Papers Acknowledgements The Editors would like to thank the Community Development Journal for funding this publication. © The Editors and Contributors September 2010 Edinburgh: Community Development Journal The Glasgow Papers are so-called because the idea of this collection was originally stimulated by a seminar held in Glasgow in 2009, hosted by the Community Development Journal. Contents Editorial introduction 5 Akwugo Emejulu and Mae Shaw 1. Anti-welfarism and the making of the ‘problem’ community 8 Gerry Mooney 2. Preventing violent extremism through community work? Essentialism and manipulation 13 Zakaria el Salahi 3. Anti-social behaviour: Imagining social justice 20 Matthew Priest 4. Trust in the community? Development Trusts in Scotland 28 Ian Cooke 5. Poverty in Scotland: Three challenges for community development 33 Peter Kelly 6. Oor Mad History: Community history as a way of revitalising mental health collective advocacy 40 Anne O’Donnell 7. What’s the problem with communities these days? Learning networks, root causes and solutions 46 Chik Collins 8. The Tenants’ Movement: Incorporation and independence 53 Sarah Glynn 9. Community development for environmental justice 58 Eurig Scandrett 10. Capacity building for activism: Learning from the past for the future 65 Lynn McCabe 11. Partnership in action: A personal reflection 71 Stuart Fairweather 12. Community engagement: For whom? 76 Keith Paterson Biographical details of authors 82 33 44 Community Empowerment: Critical Perspectives from Scotland Editorial Introduction Akwugo Emejulu and Mae Shaw Community development in Scotland has a rich and diverse history. It has emerged from an ambivalent provenance: benevolent paternalism, social welfare (and control), and social and political action ‘from below’ in pursuit of social justice.
    [Show full text]
  • State of the Union Bingo
    State of the Union Bingo Author: National Constitution Center Staff About this Lesson State of the Union Bingo is a tool designed to engage students in the President’s annual address to Congress. The lesson begins during the class prior to the address with the teacher providing background information about the State of the Union Address and examining the Constitutional requirement of the annual address. As a homework assignment, students are then each given a State of the Union Bingo card to use while watching the speech. The next class session, the cards are used as a discussion starter as well as a tool to analyze the President’s agenda for the coming year. National Constitution Center Classroom Ready Resource Grade(s) Level Background 7-12 Though today it is an annual fixture of American politics, the State of the Union Address has evolved substantially over the last two Classroom Time hundred years. Article II, Section 3 of the Constitution tasks the 20 minutes prior to address president only to “from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union,” without mention of method, comprehensiveness or frequency. In January 1790, George 45 minutes class period following Washington established an early tradition of delivering what was address called the “annual message” to a joint session of Congress. This tradition was soon broken by Thomas Jefferson who began a practice of sending a written message to Congress. It was President Materials Woodrow Wilson who became the first president to once more Copies of the United State deliver his message in person to Congress in 1913.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Meaning of the "Welfare Queen": Using State Constitutions to Challenge Child Exclusion Provisions
    THE CULTURAL MEANING OF THE "WELFARE QUEEN": USING STATE CONSTITUTIONS TO CHALLENGE CHILD EXCLUSION PROVISIONS RiSA E. KAuftIA.N* I. The Race Discrimination Underlying Child Exclusion Provisions .................................................... 304 A. The Welfare System's History of Discrimination Against African American Women ............................... 305 B. Images of the "Welfare Queen" ......................... 308 C. Illumination of History and Representation via the Cultural Meaning Test ................................... 312 I. The Insufficiency of Equal Protection Doctrine in Eliminating Race Discrimination in Welfare "Reform" Legislation ................................................... 314 III. The Use of State Constitutions for Challenging the Race Discrimination Inherent in Child Exclusion Provisions ...... 321 IV. Conclusion: The Advantages and Limitations of a Cultural Meaning Test ................................................ 326 The stereotype of the lazy, black welfare mother who "breeds children at the expense of the taxpayers in order to increase the amount of her welfare check"1 informs and justifies the ongoing welfare debate. This debate has led to the passage of recent federal welfare "reform" legislation eliminating the federal entitlement program of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC).2 The debate now continues at the state * Law Clerk, the Honorable Ira DeMent, Middle District of Alabama; J.D., 1997, New York University; B.A., 1994, Talane University. I would like to thank, for their support and guidance, Paulette Caldwell, Martha F. Davis, Barbara Fedders, Lisa Kung, Anne Kysar, Jennie Pittman, Preston Pugh, Lynn Vogelstein, the staff of the N.Y.U. Review of Law and Social Change, and my family. 1. Dorothy Roberts, Punishing Drug Addicts Who Have Babies: Women of Color, Equality and Right to Privacy, 104 HARv. L. REv. 1419, 1443.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Welfare Under Chinese Socialism
    SOCIAL WELFARE UNDER CHINESE SOCIALISM - A CASE STUDY OF THE MINISTRY OF CIVIL AFFAIRS by LINDA WONG LAI YEUK LIN Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the London School of Economics and Political Science University of London May, 1992 - 1 - UMI Number: U615173 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615173 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 n + £ s ^ s F l O U o ABSTRACT All complex human societies make social provisions to ensure the wellbeing and security of their citizens and to facilitate social integration. As in other societies, China's formal welfare system is embedded in its social structure and its informal networks of self help and mutual aid. This thesis explores the development of one of China's major welfare bureaucracies - the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the local agencies which it supervises from 1949, with especial reference to the period between 1978 to 1988. The study begins by surveying the theories, both Western and socialist, that purport to explain the determinants of welfare.
    [Show full text]
  • How Johnson Fought the War on Poverty: the Economics and Politics of Funding at the Office of Economic Opportunity
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES HOW JOHNSON FOUGHT THE WAR ON POVERTY: THE ECONOMICS AND POLITICS OF FUNDING AT THE OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY Martha J. Bailey Nicolas J. Duquette Working Paper 19860 http://www.nber.org/papers/w19860 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 January 2014 This project was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant HD058065-01A1 and R03- HD066145), the National Bureau of Economic Research’s Dissertation Grant for the Study of the Nonprofit Sector (2011-2012), the Economic History Association’s Exploratory Data Collection Grant (2011), and the Rackham Centennial Graduate Fellowship (2012). We gratefully acknowledge the use of the services and facilities of the Population Studies Center at the University of Michigan (funded by NICHD Center Grant R24 HD041028). We are indebted to Price Fishback for editorial guidance and extensive comments. We are also grateful to Bill Collins and Bob Margo for providing their measures of riot intensity; to Price Fishback, Paul Rhode, and Michael Haines for sharing their information on farm operators in the 1930s; and to Paul Rhode for sharing information on the U.S. census plantation counties. We also thank Lee Alston, Sheldon Danziger, Daniel Eisenberg, Joe Ferrie, Price Fishback, David Lam, Robert Margo, Edie Ostapik, Marit Rehavi, Paul Rhode, Mel Stephens, Jeff Smith, John Wallis, Gavin Wright and participants at the 2012 Cliometrics Society Meeting for helpful comments and suggestions. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes.
    [Show full text]