What Is a Virtual Private Network?
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cryptography
Pattern Recognition and Applications Lab CRYPTOGRAPHY Giorgio Giacinto [email protected] University of Cagliari, Italy Spring Semester 2019-2020 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Cryptography and Security • Used to hide the content of a message • Goals – Confidentiality – Authenticity – Integrity • The text is modified by an encryption function – An interceptor should not be able to understand all or part of the message content http://pralab.diee.unica.it 2 Encryption/Decryption Process Key Key (Optional) (Optional) Original Plaintext Encryption Ciphertext Decryption Plaintext http://pralab.diee.unica.it 3 Keys and Locks http://pralab.diee.unica.it 4 Keys L F A Y B D E T C A R C S E E T Y H G S O U S U D H R D F C E I D B T E M E P Q X N R C I D S F T U A E T C A U R M F N P E C J N A C R D B E M K C I O P F B E W U X I Y M C R E P F N O G I D C N T M http://pralab.diee.unica.it 5 Keys L F A Y B D E T C A R C S E E T Y H G S O U S U D H R D F C E I D B T E M E P Q X N R C I D S F T U A E T C A U R M F N P E C J N A C R D B E M K C I O P F B E W U X I Y M C R E P F N O G I D C N T M http://pralab.diee.unica.it 6 Steganography - = http://pralab.diee.unica.it https://towardsdatascience.com/steganography-hiding-an-image-inside-another-77ca66b2acb1 7 Definitions • Cryptography algorithm C = E(K,M) A function E with two inputs – a message M – a key K that outputs – the encrypted message C The algorithm is based on a shared secret between the sender and the receiver K The Encryption Key http://pralab.diee.unica.it 8 Symmetric -
N2N: a Layer Two Peer-To-Peer VPN
N2N: A Layer Two Peer-to-Peer VPN Luca Deri1, Richard Andrews2 ntop.org, Pisa, Italy1 Symstream Technologies, Melbourne, Australia2 {deri, andrews}@ntop.org Abstract. The Internet was originally designed as a flat data network delivering a multitude of protocols and services between equal peers. Currently, after an explosive growth fostered by enormous and heterogeneous economic interests, it has become a constrained network severely enforcing client-server communication where addressing plans, packet routing, security policies and users’ reachability are almost entirely managed and limited by access providers. From the user’s perspective, the Internet is not an open transport system, but rather a telephony-like communication medium for content consumption. This paper describes the design and implementation of a new type of peer-to- peer virtual private network that can allow users to overcome some of these limitations. N2N users can create and manage their own secure and geographically distributed overlay network without the need for central administration, typical of most virtual private network systems. Keywords: Virtual private network, peer-to-peer, network overlay. 1. Motivation and Scope of Work Irony pervades many pages of history, and computing history is no exception. Once personal computing had won the market battle against mainframe-based computing, the commercial evolution of the Internet in the nineties stepped the computing world back to a substantially rigid client-server scheme. While it is true that the today’s Internet serves as a good transport system for supplying a plethora of data interchange services, virtually all of them are delivered by a client-server model, whether they are centralised or distributed, pay-per-use or virtually free [1]. -
Security & Savings with Virtual Private Networks
Everybody’s connecting. Security & Savings with Virtual Private Networks In today’s New Economy, small businesses that might have dealt with just local or regional concerns now have to consider global markets and logistics. Many companies even have facilities spread across the country or throughout the world. At the same time security concerns of their network from hackers, Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks and sending data over the Internet have become more widespread. Whether companies have a local, national, or global presence, they all need one thing: a way to maintain fast, secure, and reliable communications wherever their offices and workers are located. Until recently, such communications were only available by using leased telephone lines to maintain a Wide Area Network (WAN). Leased lines enabled companies to expand their private network beyond their immediate geographic area. Moreover, a WAN provided advantages over a public network like the Internet when it came to reliability, performance, and security. Unfortunately, leased lines are expensive to maintain, with costs rising as the distance between the offices increases. As the popularity of the Internet grew, businesses turned to it as a cost-effective way to extend their networks. The continuing popularity with the Internet has led to the evolution of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). A VPN is a connection that allows private data to be sent securely over a shared or public network, such as the Internet. In fact, one of the driving forces behind VPNs is the Internet and its global presence. With VPNs, communication links between users and sites can be achieved quickly, inexpensively, and safely across the world. -
Express Vpn for Windows 10 Download How to Get an Expressvpn Free Trial Account – 2021 Hack
express vpn for windows 10 download How to Get an ExpressVPN Free Trial Account – 2021 Hack. The best way to make sure ExpressVPN is the right VPN for you is to take it for a test drive before you commit and make sure its features fit your needs. Unlike some other VPNs, ExpressVPN doesn’t have a standard free trial. But it does have a no-questions-asked, 30-day money-back guarantee. So you can test out the VPN with no limitations, risk-free. If at any point during those 30 days, you decide that ExpressVPN isn’t right for you, you can just request a refund. This is super simple: I’ve tested it using several accounts, and got my money back every time. ExpressVPN Free Trial : Quick Setup Guide. It’s easy to set up ExpressVPN and get your 30 days risk-free. Here’s a step-by-step walkthrough that will have you ready in minutes. Head over to the ExpressVPN free trial page, and select, “Start Your Trial Today” to go right to their pricing list. Choose your subscription plan length, and then enter your email address and payment details. Note that longer plans are much cheaper. ExpressVPN’s long-term plans are the most affordable. It’s easy to download the app to your device. The set up for the ExpressVPN app is simple, and fast. Request a refund via live chat. Try ExpressVPN risk-free for 30-days. Free Trial Vs. Money-Back Guarantee. The trial period for ExpressVPN is really a 30-day money-back guarantee, but this is better than a free trial. -
Mist Teleworker ME
MIST TELEWORKER GUIDE Experience the corporate network @ home DOCUMENT OWNERS: Robert Young – [email protected] Slava Dementyev – [email protected] Jan Van de Laer – [email protected] 1 Table of Contents Solution Overview 3 How it works 5 Configuration Steps 6 Setup Mist Edge 6 Configure and prepare the SSID 15 Enable Wired client connection via ETH1 / Module port of the AP 16 Enable Split Tunneling for the Corp SSID 17 Create a Site for Remote Office Workers 18 Claim an AP and ship it to Employee’s location 18 Troubleshooting 20 Packet Captures on the Mist Edge 23 2 Solution Overview Mist Teleworker solution leverages Mist Edge for extending a corporate network to remote office workers using an IPSEC secured L2TPv3 tunnel from a remote Mist AP. In addition, MistEdge provides an additional RadSec service to securely proxy authentication requests from remote APs to provide the same user experience as inside the office. WIth Mist Teleworker solution customers can extend their corporate WLAN to employee homes whenever they need to work remotely, providing the same level of security and access to corporate resources, while extending visibility into user network experience and streamlining IT operations even when employees are not in the office. What are the benefits of the Mist Teleworker solution with Mist Edge compared to all the other alternatives? Agility: ● Zero Touch Provisioning - no AP pre-staging required, support for flexible all home coverage with secure Mesh ● Exceptional support with minimal support - leverage Mist SLEs and Marvis Actions Security: ● Traffic Isolation - same level of traffic control as in the office. -
Iclab: a Global, Longitudinal Internet Censorship Measurement Platform
ICLab: A Global, Longitudinal Internet Censorship Measurement Platform Arian Akhavan Niaki∗y Shinyoung Cho∗yz Zachary Weinberg∗x Nguyen Phong Hoangz Abbas Razaghpanahz Nicolas Christinx Phillipa Gilly yUniversity of Massachusetts, Amherst zStony Brook University xCarnegie Mellon University {arian, shicho, phillipa}@cs.umass.edu {shicho, nghoang, arazaghpanah}@cs.stonybrook.edu {zackw, nicolasc}@cmu.edu Abstract—Researchers have studied Internet censorship for remains elusive. We highlight three key challenges that must nearly as long as attempts to censor contents have taken place. be addressed to make progress in this space: Most studies have however been limited to a short period of time and/or a few countries; the few exceptions have traded off detail Challenge 1: Access to Vantage Points. With few ex- for breadth of coverage. Collecting enough data for a compre- ceptions,1 measuring Internet censorship requires access to hensive, global, longitudinal perspective remains challenging. “vantage point” hosts within the region of interest. In this work, we present ICLab, an Internet measurement The simplest way to obtain vantage points is to recruit platform specialized for censorship research. It achieves a new balance between breadth of coverage and detail of measurements, volunteers [37], [43], [73], [80]. Volunteers can run software by using commercial VPNs as vantage points distributed around that performs arbitrary network measurements from each the world. ICLab has been operated continuously since late vantage point, but recruiting more than a few volunteers per 2016. It can currently detect DNS manipulation and TCP packet country and retaining them for long periods is difficult. Further, injection, and overt “block pages” however they are delivered. -
Analysis of Recent Attacks on Ssl/Tls Protocols A
ANALYSIS OF RECENT ATTACKS ON SSL/TLS PROTOCOLS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY DUYGU OZDEN¨ IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CRYPTOGRAPHY SEPTEMBER 2016 Approval of the thesis: ANALYSIS OF RECENT ATTACKS ON SSL/TLS PROTOCOLS submitted by DUYGU OZDEN¨ in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the de- gree of Master of Science in Department of Cryptography, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Bulent¨ Karasozen¨ Director, Graduate School of Applied Mathematics Prof. Dr. Ferruh Ozbudak¨ Head of Department, Cryptography Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Cenk Supervisor, Cryptography, METU Examining Committee Members: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Cenk Cryptography, METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ali Doganaksoy˘ Mathematics, METU Asst. Prof. Dr. Fatih Sulak Mathematics, ATILIM UNIVERSITY Date: I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name: DUYGU OZDEN¨ Signature : v vi ABSTRACT ANALYSIS OF RECENT ATTACKS ON SSL/TLS PROTOCOLS Ozden,¨ Duygu M.S., Department of Cryptography Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Cenk September 2016, 46 pages Transport Layer Security(TLS) and its predecessor Secure Socket Layer(SSL) are two important cryptographic, certificate based protocols that satisfy secure communication in a network channel. They are widely used in many areas such as online banking systems, online shopping, e-mailing, military systems or governmental systems. -
Cryptographic Control Standard, Version
Nuclear Regulatory Commission Office of the Chief Information Officer Computer Security Standard Office Instruction: OCIO-CS-STD-2009 Office Instruction Title: Cryptographic Control Standard Revision Number: 2.0 Issuance: Date of last signature below Effective Date: October 1, 2017 Primary Contacts: Kathy Lyons-Burke, Senior Level Advisor for Information Security Responsible Organization: OCIO Summary of Changes: OCIO-CS-STD-2009, “Cryptographic Control Standard,” provides the minimum security requirements that must be applied to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) systems which utilize cryptographic algorithms, protocols, and cryptographic modules to provide secure communication services. This update is based on the latest versions of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Guidance and Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) publications, Committee on National Security System (CNSS) issuances, and National Security Agency (NSA) requirements. Training: Upon request ADAMS Accession No.: ML17024A095 Approvals Primary Office Owner Office of the Chief Information Officer Signature Date Enterprise Security Kathy Lyons-Burke 09/26/17 Architecture Working Group Chair CIO David Nelson /RA/ 09/26/17 CISO Jonathan Feibus 09/26/17 OCIO-CS-STD-2009 Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................. 1 2 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. -
Spirent Testcenter™
DATASHEET Spirent TestCenter™ L2TPv2 / L2TPv3 Base Packages Convergence is creating a new generation of integrated network Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is used to support Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) devices and services that are or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs. Spirent TestCenter L2TP Base Package much more complex than ever enables Service Providers and network equipment manufacturers to quickly validate before. Service Providers need subscriber scalability. While L2TPv2 is all about PPPoE subscriber sessions being the ability to deploy networks tunneled to domains, L2TPv3 is more about multi-protocol tunneling. L2TPv3 Base quickly that get Quality of Package provides additional security features, improved encapsulation, and the Experience (QoE) right the first ability to carry data links other than simply Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) over an time. IP network. L2TPv3 is emerging as a core tunneling and VPN technology for next- generation networks. L2TPv3 provides the flexibility and scalability of IP with the Benefits privacy of Frame Relay and ATM. L2TPv3 will allow network services to be delivered over routed IP networks. Stability and performance of L2TP is critical to many Service • L2TP Tunnel capacity testing Providers and data services. • Session per tunnel testing Spirent can help you address this challenge with Spirent TestCenter with its innovative design. Now you can create and execute more complex test cases in less time with the • Data forwarding across all L2TP same resources—and scale tests higher while debugging problems faster. The results: tunnels lower CAPEX and OPEX, faster time to market, greater market share and higher • L2TP Tunnel stability test profitability, the ability to tunnel thousands of subscribers to thousands of tunnels with authentication and verify data forwarding and receive rates per subscriber. -
Brocade Vyatta Network OS Data Sheet
DATA SHEET Brocade Vyatta Network OS HIGHLIGHTS A Network Operating System for the Way Forward • Offers a proven, modern network The Brocade® Vyatta® Network OS lays the foundation for a flexible, easy- operating system that accelerates the adoption of next-generation to-use, and high-performance network services architecture capable of architectures meeting current and future network demands. The operating system was • Creates an open, programmable built from the ground up to deliver robust network functionality that can environment to enhance be deployed virtually or as an appliance, and in concert with solutions differentiation, service quality, and from a large ecosystem of vendors, to address various Software-Defined competitiveness Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) use cases. • Supports a broad ecosystem for With the Brocade Vyatta Network OS, organizations can bridge the gap optimal customization and service between traditional and new architectures, as well as leverage existing monetization investments and maximize operational efficiencies. Moreover, they can • Simplifies and automates network compose and deploy unique, new services that will drive differentiation functions to improve time to service, increase operational efficiency, and and strengthen competitiveness. reduce costs • Delivers breakthrough performance flexibility, performance, and operational and scale to meet the needs of any A Proven, Modern Operating efficiency, helping organizations create deployment System The Brocade Vyatta Network OS new service offerings and value. Since • Provides flexible deployment options separates the control and data planes in 2012, the benefits of this operating to support a wide variety of use cases software to fit seamlessly within modern system have been proven by the Brocade SDN and NFV environments. -
Wireguard in Eduvpn Report
WireGuard in eduVPN Report Nick Aquina SURF, Utrecht Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven INTERNSHIP REPORT FONTYS UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES HBO-ICT Data student: Family name, initials: Aquina, N Student number: project period: (from – till) 31 August 2020 – 22 January 2021 Data company: Name company/institution: SURF Department: Team Security Address: Kantoren Hoog Overborch, 3511 EP Utrecht, Moreelsepark 48 Company tutor: Family name, initials: Spoor, R Position: (Tech) Product Manager University tutor: Family name, initials: Vos, A Final report: Title: WireGuard in eduVPN Date: 12 January 2021 Approved and signed by the company tutor: Date: 12 January 2021 Signature: Preface This report is written for my internship for Fontys. The internship was done at SURF for the eduVPN project. My task was to build a proof of concept in which WireGuard is integrated into eduVPN. This internship took place from September 2020 until January 2021. I would like to thank Arno Vos for his guidance and feedback throughout this internship. I would also like to thank Rogier Spoor for guiding me throughout this internship and inviting me to meetings which gave me a valuable insight into cyber security and technological issues facing members of SURF. And last, but not least, I would like to thank François Kooman for all technical support, advice and code reviews which helped improve the project. All blue text can be clicked to open a hyperlink. 1 Contents Preface . .1 Summary 4 Introduction 5 Free software . .5 The company (SURF) 6 Project 7 Context / Initial situation . .7 Project goal . .7 Assignment . .7 Constraints . .8 Development strategy . -
Brocade Vyatta Network OS LAN Interfaces Configuration Guide, 5.2R1
CONFIGURATION GUIDE Brocade Vyatta Network OS LAN Interfaces Configuration Guide, 5.2R1 Supporting Brocade 5600 vRouter, VNF Platform, and Distributed Services Platform 53-1004724-01 24 October 2016 © 2016, Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Brocade, the B-wing symbol, and MyBrocade are registered trademarks of Brocade Communications Systems, Inc., in the United States and in other countries. Other brands, product names, or service names mentioned of Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. are listed at www.brocade.com/en/legal/ brocade-Legal-intellectual-property/brocade-legal-trademarks.html. Other marks may belong to third parties. Notice: This document is for informational purposes only and does not set forth any warranty, expressed or implied, concerning any equipment, equipment feature, or service offered or to be offered by Brocade. Brocade reserves the right to make changes to this document at any time, without notice, and assumes no responsibility for its use. This informational document describes features that may not be currently available. Contact a Brocade sales office for information on feature and product availability. Export of technical data contained in this document may require an export license from the United States government. The authors and Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. assume no liability or responsibility to any person or entity with respect to the accuracy of this document or any loss, cost, liability, or damages arising from the information contained herein or the computer programs that accompany it. The product described by this document may contain open source software covered by the GNU General Public License or other open source license agreements. To find out which open source software is included in Brocade products, view the licensing terms applicable to the open source software, and obtain a copy of the programming source code, please visit http://www.brocade.com/support/oscd.