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The American Protestant Missionary Network in Ottoman Turkey, 1876-1914
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 4, No. 6(1); April 2014 The American Protestant Missionary Network in Ottoman Turkey, 1876-1914 Devrim Ümit PhD Assistant Professor Founding and Former Chair Department of International Relations Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Karabuk University Turkey Abstract American missionaries have long been the missing link in the study of the late Ottoman period despite the fact that they left their permanent trade in American as well as Western conceptions of the period such as “Terrible Turk” and “Red Sultan” just to name a few. From the landing of the first two American Protestant missionaries, Levi Parsons and Pliny Fisk, on the Ottoman Empire, as a matter of fact on the Near East, in early 1820, until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, American missionaries occupied the increasing attention of the Ottoman bureaucracy in domestic and foreign affairs while the mission work in the Ottoman Empire established the largest investment of the American Board of Commissionaries for Foreign Missions (A.B.C.F.M.) in the world, even above China and India, on the eve of the war. The bulk of the correspondence of the Ottoman Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the period was with the United States and this was chiefly concerned about the American mission schools. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the encounter between the Ottoman officialdom and the American Protestant missionaries in Ottoman Turkey during the successive regimes of Sultan Abdülhamid II and the Committee of Union and Progress, the Unionists in the period of 1876-1914. -
The Armenian Herald / Armenian National Union of America
THE ARMENIAN HERALD CONTRIBUTORS' COLUMN FOR AUGUST NUMBER Rene Pinon whose article, The Duty of Turk. He was in a position to review Neutrals to Armenia, appears in this the whole situation better than any one issue, is an eminent French writer, some else because he had serenity of mind and of whose works have been crowned by impartiality of spirit. the French Academy. He has specialized in International subjects and his works— Mrs. Bertha Sullivan Papazan, we are The Empire the Mediterranean, Eu of glad to repeat, is one of our regular con rope and the Ottoman Empire, Europe tributors. In this number she casts a and the Young Turks —have made of glance on the classic hymns of ancient him an undisputed authority on Near Armenian literature and finds that the Eastern questions. In 1916 he published poem of Professor Lelujian's, A in the Review des Deux Mondes a com Earth, contains the same prehensive article, on the suppression of Handful of elements of poetical technique and loft; the Armenians, which attracted consid spirit which characterise the ancient Ar erable attention and in which the author menian hymns. gave it as his opinion that the plan of deporting the Armenians was German in its essence, but that the execution thereof Mr. Aharonian's Homage to Thte, was Turkish. The present article is a which we present to our readers this translation from the original French and month, is another fine example of modern it first appeared in La Voix de VArmenie, Armenian prose. It is one of the bes of which M. -
American University of Beirut a Portrait of Armenian
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT A PORTRAIT OF ARMENIAN STUDENT LIFE AT THE SYRIAN PROTESTANT COLLEGE 1885-1920 by HRATCH YERVANT KESTENIAN A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts to the Department of History and Archaeology of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at the American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon September 2015 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would not have been possible without the support of my advisor, Dr. Alexis Wick and committee members, Dr. Samir Seikaly and Dr. Nadia El-Cheikh. ,¶PGHHSO\JUDWHIXOWRP\DGYLVRU'U$OH[LV:LFNIRUKLVtime, edits, and constructive criticism. ,¶PIRUHYHULQGHEWHGWR'U6DPLU6HLNDO\IRUWHDFKLQJPHKRZWRGRUHVHDUFK! Very special thanks to the archivists at the AUB library, as well as the librarians at Haigazian University. I would like also to thank Drs. Zaven Messerlian, Ara Sanjian, Vahe Tachjian, Selim Deringil and Yervant Kassouni for their encouragement and advise during my graduate studies. "!#$!%&#'()*+!),&!'-(!$,.'!/012!#12!3#&01%!)&0(12.4!5#$#&#!#12!6-,,1!'-#1/!7,*!),&!7,*&! 3,$8#179!-(+8!#12!$,&#+!.*88,&':! ! ;#.'!<*'!1,'!+(#.'9!"!=,*+2!+0/(!',!'-#1/!$7!8#&(1'.!#12!.0.'(&.!),&!'-(0&!+,>(9! *12(&.'#1201%9!8#'0(13(!#12!'&*.': V AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Hratch Yervant Kestenian for Master of Arts Major: History Title: A Portrait of Armenian Student Life at the Syrian Protestant College 1885-1920 In December 1866 the Syrian Protestant College opened its doors with four professors and sixteen students. The College soon became a recognized center of higher education in the Ottoman Empire, and attracted without discrimination a large number of students from all over the Empire. -
American Foreign Missions to the Armenians of The
AMERICAN FOREIGN MISSIONS TO THE ARMENIANS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: FASHIONING THE MODEL OF EDUCATED CHRISTIAN WOMANHOOD IN THE EAST IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY A Master’s Thesis by SARAH ZEYNEP GÜVEN Department of History İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University Ankara January 2018 i AMERICAN FOREIGN MISSIONS TO THE ARMENIANS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: FASHIONING THE MODEL OF EDUCATED CHRISTIAN WOMANHOOD IN THE EAST IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY The Graduate School of Economics and Social Sciences of İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University by SARAH ZEYNEP GÜVEN In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY İHSAN DOĞRAMACI BİLKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA January 2018 ii ABSTRACT AMERICAN FOREIGN MISSIONS TO THE ARMENIANS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: FASHIONING THE MODEL OF EDUCATED CHRISTIAN WOMANHOOD IN THE EAST IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Güven, Sarah Zeynep M.A., Department of History Supervisor: Asst. Prof. Dr. Kenneth Weisbrode January 2018 The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) was one of the first establishments to introduce a Western-style educational system to the peoples of the Ottoman Empire. This thesis is an examination of the emergence of interest in foreign missions among American women in particular, and the latter’s contribution to missionary activities. It seeks to determine how and why educational facilities for Armenian females were established and their social and religious impact, largely from the perspective of the missionaries themselves. It looks at how iii contact with Armenians prompted adjustments in missionary approaches and policies towards educational missions. -
Ottoman Official Attitudes Towards American Missionaries
Ottoman Official Attitudes Towards American Missionaries Cagri Erhan Introduction The history of Turkish-American relations go back to the 1790s when American sailors met with Turks in North Africa (Barbary Coast). During the period between 1800 and 1830s American travelers and merchants frequently visited Turkish harbors, such as Izmir (Smyrna), Alexandria and Beirut. However, official diplomatic relations were not inaugurated until 1830 when the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation was signed in Istanbul and a charge d’affaires, David Porter was appointed as the American representative to the Sublime Porte (the Ottoman Court) in 1831.1 Along with the commercial relations, American mission- ary efforts in the Ottoman lands always occupied a high place in the bilateral agenda. In fact, most of the diplomatic con- flicts in the nineteenth and early twentieth century Turkish- American relations originated from the American missionar- ies’ gradually expanding activities and the Ottoman attitudes towards them. This paper, after a brief survey on the expansion of the missionary activities in the Ottoman Empire, will touch upon the main points of dispute between the Sublime Porte and the missionaries under three headings: “Missionaries and Cagri Erhan, Le c t u re r Dep a r tment of International Rel a t i o n s Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey 315 Ottoman Subjects”; “Missionary Schools and other Facilities” and “Publishing Activities of the Missionaries”. Finally it will evaluate the affects of American missionary activities through- out Ottoman lands. When the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM, the Board) was formed in Boston by members of the Congregational, Presbyterian and Reformed churches in 1810, its main target was to evangelize the Indians and Catholics on the American continent. -
Harput, Turkey to Massachusetts: Immigration of Jacobite Christians Sargon Donabed Roger Williams University, [email protected]
Roger Williams University DOCS@RWU Feinstein College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Papers Feinstein College of Arts and Sciences 1-1-2011 Harput, Turkey to Massachusetts: Immigration of Jacobite Christians Sargon Donabed Roger Williams University, [email protected] Shamiran Mako Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.rwu.edu/fcas_fp Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Donabed, Sargon and Shamiran Mako. 2011. "Harput, Turkey to Massachusetts: otN es on the Immigration of Jacobite ("Syrian") Christians."Chronos 23: 19-42. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Feinstein College of Arts and Sciences at DOCS@RWU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Feinstein College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Papers by an authorized administrator of DOCS@RWU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. balamand 02:Layout 1 4/5/11 4:37 PM Page 19 CHRONOS Revue d’Histoire de l’Université de Balamand Numéro 23, 2011, ISSN 1608 7526 HARPUT, TURKEY TO MASSACHUSETTS: IMMIGRATION OF JACOBITE CHRISTIANS SHAMIRAN MAKO AND SARGON GEORGE DONABED1 Introduction This essay falls into the category of rendering visible a community, the Jacobite Assyrians of Massachusetts, who have remained virtually unknown in the larger context of Middle Eastern Diaspora studies and American ethnic and cultural history. This brief study of the immigration of the Jacobite Christians originally from Harput, Turkey who settled in New England, shows a variety of distinct method(s) of identity preservation and transmission to subsequent generations, especially in regard to personal and group identity structures. These people, sometimes referred to as “Jacobite Syrians” by early Western travellers and missionaries, identified themselves as the “sons of Asshur” in 1842. -
American Missionaries in Turkey and Northern Syria and the Development of Central Turkey and Aleppo Colleges, 1874-1967
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 8-2008 American Missionaries in Turkey and Northern Syria and the Development of Central Turkey and Aleppo Colleges, 1874-1967 Judd W. Kennedy College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kennedy, Judd W., "American Missionaries in Turkey and Northern Syria and the Development of Central Turkey and Aleppo Colleges, 1874-1967" (2008). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 851. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/851 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. American Missionaries in Turkey & Northern Syria and the Development of Central Turkey and Aleppo Colleges, 1874 - 1967 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in Global Studies: Middle Eastern Studies from the College of William and Mary in Virginia by Judd W. Kennedy Accepted for: _____________________________ (Honors, High Honors, Highest Honors) _____________________________ Abdul-Karim Rafeq, Director _____________________________ David McCarthy _____________________________ Tamara Sonn Williamsburg, Virginia April 23, 2008 Acknowledgements & Preface The origins of this work ironically began with an Al-Jazeera special on the American film “Jesus Camp.” I was studying in Damascus and had gone over to a friend’s house to practice Arabic vocabulary. While the concept of the film intrigued me, the most interesting aspect of the show was the reaction it generated from my friend’s Syrian host family. -