BEU [178] BEV

is said a learned is los We still say a bevir-horse for a lean horse, or one The Gael, name, it by friend, S. which broad tail ; los denoting a tail, worn out with age or hard work ; lydan, signifies and leathan broad. s. a S. C. B. a beaver, written Lhuyd BEUCH, (gutt.) A bough, branch, afangc signifies by avangk, adliangk. It is also denominated l/iostlydan. Amiddis ane rank tre lurkis a goldhi bench, Ir. davaran loisleathain. With aureate leuis, and flexibil twistis teuch. Pennant, "were formerly found Doug. Virgil, 167. 41. "Beavers," says in Great Britain ; but the breed has been extirpated A.-S. boga, boh, id. from bug-an to bend. many years ago. The latest account we have of them with is in Giraldua Cambrensis, who travelled through To BEUCHEL, (gutt.) v. n. To walk Wales in 1188. He a brief of their man- or in a or gives history short steps, feeble, constrained, ners and that in his time were found in " ; adds, they only halting manner, to shamble. A beuchelin the river Teivi. Two or three waters in that principality still bear the name Llyn yr afangc, or the beaver lake. body," one who walks in this manner, Roxb. We imagine they must have been very scarce even Teut, boechel-en, baechel-en, niti, eonari. of the in earlier times ; for by the laws Hoel Ada, price of a beaver's skin (croen Llosttydari) was fixed at one s. A little, feeble, and crooked BEUCHEL, hundred and twenty pence, a great sum in those days." creature, ibid. Brit. Zool. i. 70. in this : That the of Boece is, instance, Germ, biigel, Teut. beughel, Su.-G. bygel, curvatura testimony of from this circumstance, that Isl. beyyl-a tortuosum reddo, from beyg-ia, to bend. worthy credit, appears a head of this animal has lately been dug up from a moss in Berwickshire and is now in the Museum BEUCHIT,par<. pa. (gutt.) Bowed, crooked, peat ; of the of the of Scotland. S. Society Antiquaries There is also part of the skeleton of a beaver, which thare To the streme thay turnit foreschip, was presented by the late Dr. Farquharson, from the Kest doun thare beuchil ankeris ferme of grip. Loch of Marlies in Perthshire. Doug. Virgil, 162. 23. * A.-S. bug-an, curvare. BEVERAGE, s. The third sense of this " as Johns, A treat Border. term, given by is, upon BEUGH, *. (gutt.) A limb, a leg, wearing a new suit of clothes." Sym lap on horse-back lyke a rae, till a In S. it another idea. The of a And ran him heuch ; suggests beverage Says, William, cum ryde down this brae, new piece of dress, is a salute given by the person who Thocht ye suld brek a beugh. appears in it for the first time, more commonly by a ii. 183. st. 16. Scott, Evergreen, male to a favourite female. One is said to gie the bever- Who came and tuik her by the bengh, age, or to get the beverage; as, "She gat the beverage And with a rung both auld and teugh, o' his braw new coat." One or two generations ago, Laid on her, while she bled eneugh, when the use of the razor was more sparing, it was And for dead left her lying. very common for a man to give the beverage of his Watson's Coll. i. 46. beard. is Isl. 6o

hinder- that and ; vurderbng, the forequarter, hinderbug, the He glissed up with his eighen, grey wer, grete on that burde quarter. Both Ihre and Wachter view bug-en, to bend, With his beveren berde, bright. and Sir Gal. ii. 2. it is of its that an Sir Oawan as the origin ; as by means joints animal bends itself. It is evidently of the same family This is mentioned in the Gl. as not understood. his full or beard with BoucM, q. v. Perhaps the phrase signifies flowing ; as same with from A.-S. befer-an, circumdare ; or the s. stroke sometimes a violent which Sibb. renders BEVEL, A ; beverand, "shaking, nodding;" This is a with the S. deriving it from Teut. bev-en, contremere. push elbow, " North." provincial E. word. Severing, trembling. He Is brother ? says now, thy gone Gl. Grose. "Bibber, to tremble." Ibid. With that Truth took him by the neck, A.-S. beoff-ian, tremere, trepidare, bef-ian, bif-gean, And gave him their, as some suppone, id. tremor. Alem. Franc, bib-un, Three bevels till he gard him beck. beofung, bifung, tremere. Many's Truth's Travels, Pennecuik's Poems, p. 92. Crook-backed. This is a derivative from Baff, beff, q. v. BEUGLE-BACKED, adj. Beugle-back'd, bodied like a beetle. v. n. To To BEVER, BAIVER, BEWEH, Watson's Coll. it 54. from or A.-S. to Teut. boechel, Germ. shake, to tremble ; especially, age bug-an, bow; gibbus. " curved or " bugel, a dimin. from bug, denoting any thing ; as, We're auld beverin bodies ; infirmity circular. It is undoubtedly the same word that is now " Beverin wi' the with the perils," shaking pronounced boolie-backit, S. Berwicks. V. BEVEREN. palsy, Roxb. used to denote BEVIE, (of a fire) s. A term fire S. BEUER, BEVER, . A beaver. a great ; sometimes, bevice, ' ' E. "a stick like those bound Besyde Loohnes ar mony martrikis, beuers, quhit- Perhaps from bavin, up It is thus used in 0. E. redis, and toddis." Bellend, Descr. ch. 8. This refers in faggots," Johnson. like a now I lie smother- to what is said by Boeee. Ad haec martirillae, fouinae, "Though I blazed bevin, yet like wet straw." Saker's Narbonus, Part II. p. 46. Jibri, lutraeque incomparabili numero. ing " faullourde I take notice of this word, because it seems to afford "Batten great fagottes, [Fr.] ; Palsgrave, a proof that this animal once existed in Scotland. B. iii. f. 19. "Boethius dicit fibrum seu castorem in Sibbald says, s. A a S. from the same an nunc nescio." Pro- BEVIE, jog, push, Scotia reperiri ; reperietur, source with bevel. V. s. drom. P. ii. lib. 3. p. 10. BAFF, BEV [179] BEY

s. of a s. BEVIL-EDGE, The edge sharp tool, BEWIS, pi. Beauties. O. Fr. beau, sloping towards the point, a term much used beauty. by masons, S. V. BEVEL, v. E. Of lad yes bewtie to declair I do rejois to tell : BEVIS. V. BEVAR. Sueit, sueit is thair beans, whil thai be contractit. v. Baked. Ay BEUKE, pret. Maitland Poems, p. 187. For skant of vittale, the comes in quernis of stane s. A which is as Thay grand, and syne beuke at the fyre ilkane. BEWITH, thing employed Doug. Virgil, 18. 37. a substitute for another, although it should A.-S. boc, pret. of bac-an, pinsere. not answer the end so well. BEULD, adj. Bow legged, Ang.; q. beugeld This bevnth, when cunyie is scanty, Will keep them frae making din. fron the same origin with beugle, in Beugle- Ramsay's Works, a 288. v. backed, q. One who arrives, when the regular dinner is eaten, is said to get "only a bewith for a S. From BEW, adj. Good, honourable. Bew schyris, dinner," the subst. v. conjoined with the what one or Sirs. Fr. prep., q. schirris, good beau, good. must submit to for a time. Yit selfe I this by my fynd prouerbe perfyte, The blak craw thinkis hir awin birdis quhyte. BEWITH, . A place of residence, a domi- Sa fans with beto wil me, acAyris, ye Iierk, Perths. Can not persaif an fait in al my werk. cile, Doug. Virgil, 272. 31. I am at a loss whether to view this as formed in the Lo this is bew have same manner with as all, schirris, gude day. Bewith, a substitute ; or allied to Ibid. 484. 32. the Goth, verbs signifying to build, to inhabit, A.-S. Su.-G. To v. a. To cause to by-an, bo, bo-a, bu-a, Isl. by, in pret. buid, in- BEWAVE, BEWAUE, habited ; whence bud, Su.-G. bod, mansio, E. booth, wander or waver. and S. bothie. Eneas the banke on hie Has behaldand the clummyn, wyde quhare large sie, To BEWRY, v. a. To pervert, to distort. Gyf schyp tharon niicht be ony persauit, Than wald I knaw the cause and resoun Quhilk late before the windis had beicavit. quhy, That ony mycht peruert or yit bewry Doug. Virgil, 18. 41. Thy commaundenientis ? as weill Eneas, Virgil discriues, Doug. Virgil, 313. 41. In countreis seir was by the seyis rage, Vertere, Virg. Teut. ivroegh-en, Bewauit oft Police of Honour, iii. 39. torquere, angere. A.-S. wqf-ian, vacillare, fluctuate. BEWTER, s. The bittern. To BEWAVE, BEWAUE, v. a. 1. To shield, "Ther is great store of capercalegs, blackwaks, murefowls, heth-hens, swanes, turtle-doves, to hide, Renfr.; obviously the same with bewters, herons, dowes, steares or stirlings," tc. Sir R. Gor- used G. v. BYWAUE, by Doug. q. don's Sutherl. p. 3. The author of the Surv. of Sutherl. must have 2. To lay wait for, to means of Agr. overpower by from another MS. than that from which the some base quoted stratagem, Ayrs. work has been published. For he writes "swans, This seems to be merely a secondary sense, borrowed benters, turtledoves." V. p. 169. from the artful means frequently employed to shroud The latter is undoubtedly an error of some tran- a wicked design; the A.-S. and Moes-G. verbs both scriber. For beu-lers must mean Bitterns, as we find signifying to wrap together, to fold about, to cloak, &c. the name sometimes written Butovr, q. v. Blalcwaks in the MS. quoted Agr. Surv. is black cock. BEWEST, prep. Towards the west, S. In it also, before "swans," tarmakins are mentioned. "We marched immediately after them, and came in of S. sight them about Glenlivat, bewest Balveny some few BEYONT, prep. Beyond, miles." Baillie's Lett. ii. 266. V. BE, prep. BACK-O'-BEYONT, adv. 1. At a great distance; Ettr. BEWIDDIED, part. adj. Deranged, synon. Fer outby, S. For. wi' some o' auld warld that the " "You, your stories, 'Gin ye dought accept o' my father's humble cheer mind o' man canna resist, whirled them to the back of the night 'The callant's beividdied, an' waur than beyont to look at the auld Roman camp." Antiquary, " beioidaied,' said Pate, 'we hae nae cheer for oursels.' i. 37. Perils of Man, i. 57. The term occurs in the following ludicrous phrase, From be and Teut. woed-en insanire. "At the Back-o''-Beyont, where the grey mare foaled the fiddler," i.e. threw him off in the S. To v. a. dirt, BEWILL, To cause to go astray, Buchan 2. When a is asked where he such ; synon. with E. bewilder. person got Souter's a and Mec son a mautent loll, thing, does not choose to tell, he Tuik thro' the fet-r.1 :\ scull. ilytit answers that he it at the Back-o' I kenna what bewitt'd him. got -Beyont, Roxb. Tarras'3 Poems, p. 70. From be, and ml!, lost in v. error, q. 3. It is also used satirically, when one pretends BEWIS, BEWYS, *. pi. Boughs. not to believe the account another The given by place wyth llnurys ami frarlaii.lis stentys the Qnene, And of the place where he met with thing, crounys about wyth funeral betuys grene. any Doinj. Virgil, 117. 47. V. BEUCH. Roxb. BEZ [180] BY

The mater went all set to crueltie ; BEZWELL, adv. However, Orkn. ; perhaps " Full mony goddis and the heuynnis hie an abbrev. for It will be as well." To wytnes drew he, all was by his wyll : Bot all for nocht, uane tent was tak tharetyll. 228. 36. BHALIE, s. A town or village, Gael. Doug. Virgil, The first is hardy all out by mesure, "This stood on the very spot where dwelling Of tyme nor resoun geuis he na cure. reared its weed-crowned head Unah's hut had formerly Ibid. 354. 50. in the centre of the ancient bhalie." Clan-Albin, iv. as thus used, is sometimes contrasted 341. By, directly with as in the modern sense of the Under the term I have remarked the radical be, signifying by BAL, term. in a similar affinity between this and Goth, bol, used " For I dar baldlye say, thair sal mair inconvenientis sense. follow on al thingis quhilkis ar done by ane ordour, nor to thole the abuse to the God ane remeid BY, 1. S. tyine prouide prep. Beyond, be ane ordour. As be exempyll, in cais thair be ane which hath been ever "The infinite favour of God, part of the dike quhilk is consumit, & serais of not, caused the to incline to ready to the just, has victory yit euery man quhilk passis by, suld not cast doun the 30. us by expectation of man's engyne." Pitscottie, p. place quhilk he thynkis falteis at his plesour, bot suld (geue his zele be godlie) schaw to the gardnar to qnham 2. over and above. Besides, it appertenis to correct the fait. Thus suld christin "In this same year, [151 1] the King of Scotland bigged men seik reformatioun (& that be ane ordour) and the a great ship, called The great Michael, which was nocht plane distructioun, and confusioun, as men dois sailed in greatest ship, and of most strength, that ever in thir dayis." Kennedy, Commendatar of Crosraguell, England or France. For this ship was of so great p. 73. 74. A. 1558. V. Abbot of Vnressoun. Falk- stature, and took so much timber, that, except This may be viewed as an oblique sense of by as sig- all the in which was oak- in allusion to an arrow that land, she wasted woods Fife, nifying beyond; perhaps wood, by all timber that was gotten out of Norroway. flies wide from the mark. Moes-G. hi, however, is used She was twelve score foot of length, and thirty-six in the sense of contra, adversum, agreeing with Gr. foot within the sides. She was ten foot thick in the KO.TO.. If thou remember that thy brother, theins ha- boards on wall, outed jests of oak in her wall, and baith bi thuk, has any thing against thee ; Matt. v. 23. every side, so stark and so thick, that no canon could 7. or hersell the want of go through her." Pitscottie, p. 107. By himsell, ; denoting

the exercise of reason ; beside himself or her- 3. Above, more than, in preference to. self. V. HIMSELL. Bot murne and mak clieifly thy mane, Thow Kirk of Edinburgh allane, 8. one's mind, deprived of reason. For thow may rew by all the rest, By That this day thow wants sickin ane, "They ware in no wayes content tharewith, bot Thy speciall Pastour. raged in furie as if they had beine by thair myndis." Schorl Discurs. st. 7. Davidsone's Pitscottie's Cron. p. 416. Sanctandrois als not to leif out, His deith thou may deploir but dout. BY, adv. 1. When, after; q. by the time that. Thow knawis he lude the by the laue ; thir words were said, his men were so For first in thee he gaue the rout "By enraged, and rushed so the Till Antechrist that Romisclie slaue. Ibid, st. 13. furiously upon English vanguard, that they put the Englishmen clean abak from their i.e. He loved thee above the rest. standard." Pitscottie, p. 31. he was not far ffa his Quheu graue, This idiom is very ancient. It does not seem to come to the all the rest. Ibid. He by occur in A.-S. But it is found in Moes-G. Bl the thee his residence in to He made preference every galithun thai brothrjus is, thanuh yah is galaith ; When other he place. his brethren were gone up, then went also up ; Joh. vii. 10. 4. In a of distinction S. way from, " " 2. As as / carena The schipman sayis, Rycht weill ye may him ken, signifying although ; by" Throu full his men. graith takynnys, clerly by I don't care though I agree to your proposal, His cot armour is seyn in mony steid," &c. Wallace, B. ix. 104, Ed. 1820. S. i.e. "You may certainly distinguish him from his 3. Denoting approximation, or approach from men by obvious marks." used in the of some distance ; composition 5. Without. various adverbs, S. "The earle of Angus appeired most lustie in the so adv. Downwards the queine's sight, for shoe loved him verrie weill, and DOWN-BY, ; implying tuik him to be liir the and coun- husband, by adwyse idea that the distance is not great, S. sall of the lordis, for they knew nothing thairof a long " time thairefter. Pitscottie's Cron. 284. to v. p. IN-BY, adv. Nearer any object ; q. "The queine had tint hir government of the prince and authoritie of the countrie, because shoe had takin OUR-BY, adv. This, as well as Through-by, is ane husband the consent of hir lordis." Ibid. 285. " by p. used by neighbours in the phrase, Come " to. or Come when (5. Away from, without regard to, contrary our-by" throw-by," parks, Concerning the slaughter of Cumyn, it is said : woods, streams, or something that must be him selff him slew The King passed through or over, intervenes between till witnes was inew. In Drumfress, quliar S. our haist in a their respective residences, That hapnys wrang, gret King ; Till wyrk by law it may scaith mekill thing. adv. v. Wallace, xi. 1188. MS. OUT-BY, q. BY [181] BYB

THROUGH-BY. V. OUR-BY. BYAR, s. A purchaser; Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, UP-BY, adv. Upwards, S. V.-16.

*. of or a BY-COMING, The act passing by BIAS, word used as a mark of the superla- through a place, S. tive degree; bias bonny, very handsome; bia* "He had gottin in Paris at his by-coming Bodin his hungry, very hungry, Aberd. method of historic he read ower him selff quhilk thryse "We sent you warnin by our faithfu' servant or four that quarter." Melvill's Life of tymes Diary, Colonel Stuart, whae, we are told, met nae bias cour- A. Melville, i. 429. tesy, your Lordship not evendeignin to see him." St. Johnstonn, ii. 276. BY-COMMON, adv. Out of the ordinary Perhaps this should rather be written BYOCS, which S. line, by signifying beyond, is the orthography adopted by some of my corre- "They were represented to me as lads by common in spondents. V. BYOUS. capacity." Ann. of the Par. p. 253. BIB, s. A term used to denote the stomach, BY-COMMON, adj. Singular, Ayrs. " Ang., borrowed perhaps, from the use of Though he was then but in his thirteenth year, " that small or thus he was a by-common stripling in capacity and sense. piece linen, denominated, R. Gilhaize, iii. 115. which covers the breast or stomach of a child. BY-EAST, towards the east. V. BE, prep.

BY-GAIN. In the by-gain, 1. Literally, in BYBILL, s. A large writing, a scroll so ex- passing, in going by, Aberd. tensive that it may be compared to a book. " Excuse if I writ the 2. Incidentally, ibid. euill, ye may gesse halfe of it, but I can not mende it because I am not weill at ease, BY-GATE, BYGET, s. A by-way, S. and yit very glad to writ vnto you, quhen the rest are " sleepand, sithe I can not as do and as I He neuer ansueris to that quhilk was demandit of sleipe they would desire, that is, in armes deare : your my loue, him hot euer seikand refugis and byijeta, castis in quhom I pray God to preserue from all euyll and send mony other maters by it quhilk is in question, to dis- you repose. I am gangand to seke myne till the morne, tract the readars intentioun and spreit, that he neuer quhen I shall end my Bybill, but I am fascheit that it perceaue it quhilk is in controversie, nor quhou slaulie stoppies me to writ newis of self vnto because he ansueris thairto." J. Tyrie's Refutation of Knox's my you, it is so I am irkit & to and I Ansver, Pref. 7. lang. ganging sleipe, yit cease not to acrible all thys paper insamickle aa restis Aff to the Craigs, the hale forenoon, thairof." Detection Q. Mary, 2d Lett, to Bothwell, By a' the bye-gates round and round, Sign. T. i. b. Lend, edit. Crowds after crowds were flocking down. This letter is evidently called a bybill, because it "is Mayne's Siller Gun, p. 31. so lang." According to the account which it contains, s. The act of BY-GOING, passing. Mary at first did not design to end her- bybill, or finish " her till next from the ardour In our by-going, being within distance of cannon epistle, day ; but, of her was afterwards induced to continue to the towne, we were saluted with cannon, hagbuts affection, writing of till her was filled crocke, and with musket." Monro's Kxp. ii. p. 15. paper up. Teut. to to come near The word occurs in a similar sense in O. E. As bygaen signifies approach, ; " used renders it veur-by-gaen,to pass by. by Chaucer, Tyrwhitt justly any great book." adv. S. BY-HAND, Over, V. HAND. Yet forgate I to maken rehersaile Of waters corosif, and of limaile, s. BY-HOURS, pi. Time not allotted to And of bodies mollification, And also of Mr regular work, S. induratione, " Oiles, ablusions, metal fusible, In the district an economical upper apparently To tellen all, wold passen any bible, mode was chosen, of the the That o is letting upholding [of wher ; wherefore as for the best to small of lands the Of al thise names wol I rest. roatls] occupiers upon road sides ; now me who, it was thought, might give the necessary repairs Chanone's Yemane's T. o. 16325. at These by-hours. by-hours, however, seldom oc- But nought will I, so mote I thrive, curred." Agr. Surv. Peeb. p. 212. 213. Be about to discriue All these armes that there weren, BY-LYAR, s. A neutral. For to me were impossible, ' ' Men might make of hem a bible, Item, In caise it bcis inquyred of all Bii-lyan, and Twenty foote thicke as I trowe : in speciall of my Lord of Huntlie in the Northe. Ye For certain who so coud know, sail answer in ane is of general!, gude hope had the there all the armes most Might seen, parte thereof." Knox, p. 222. From the v. To Of famous folke that had been lie E. by, In Aflrike, Europe, and Asie, To Sith first began cheualrie. BY, p. a. To purchase, to buy. House of Fame, iii. 244. "That na burgh haue aue wecht to by with, and ane It occurs in the same sense so early as the time of vther to sell with, different in wecht thairfra, bot all mesouris and Langland.- wechtis, mettis, for hying and selling, to be Again your rule and religion I take record at Jesus, vniversall baith to burgh and land in all tymes That said to his disciples, Ne sitis personarum accejitores. thairefter." Acts Mary 1563, Ed. 1814, 540. p. Of thys mater I might make a longe byble ; This is also the of the Aberd. orthography" Reg. And of curats of christen peple, as clerks bear witnes, A. 1538 ; to thame passim as, by clayss." I shal telleu it for truths sake, take hed who so lykith. A.-S. byg-an, emere. P. Ploughman's Vision, FoL 78. b. BIB [182] BIC

Zach. as far as I have the latest Boyd is, observed, To BICK AND BIRR, v. n. To cry as grouse. writer who uses the term in this sense. Birr is expl. as especially denoting the latter "I would know what a blacke bible is that gladlie of this Roxb. which is called, the Book of the wicked." Last Battell, part cry, 1629, p. 656. And ay the murecokke biks and birris. In the dark ages, when books were scarce, those, Birr is also used by itself. would which would be most frequently mentioned, Its ne the murekokke birris at morne, doubtless be the Bible and Breviary. Now, the word Nor yitte the deire with hirre breakine home. Porteous, which both in S. and E. originally signified Wint. Ev. Tales, ii. 70. V. BIBB, v. a seems at to have denoted, in a more Breviary, length Gael, beic-am is to roar, beic, an outcry. It may be smaller kind of such general sense, any book, especially allied to Belg. bikk-en to beat, to chop, as denoting the as be used as a Vademecum. V. PORTEOUS. In might noise made by its wings. the same manner, bible might come to signify a book, less size v. especially one of a larger and portable ; and To BICKER, BYKKYR, n. This v., as used be used at length to denote any long scroll. " in S., does not merely signify, to fight, to Or, this use of the word may be immediately from skirmish, to fight off and on," as it is defined L. B. biblus, a book, (Gr. /Si/SXos), which occurs in this in dictionaries. 1. the constant sense from the reign of Charlemagne downwards. Thus E. Denoting the copy of the Laws and Statutes in Monasteries was motion of weapons of any kind, and the called Biblus Indiculorum, because it indicated what succession of smart strokes, in a battle was to be done. V. Du Cange. rapid or broil. Tyrwhitt derives the word, as used by Chaucer, from it is bible be that war and the Fr. ; and not improbable that might Yngliss archaris, hardy wicht, employed in the Fr. copy of the letter ascribed to Amang the Scottis bykkerit with all thair mycht. iv. 556. MS. Mary. But I have met with no direct proof that the Wallace, term was thus used in that language. The layff was speris, full nobill in a neid, On thair enemys thai bykkyr with gude speid. It deserves to be mentioned, that in the dark ages Ibid. ix. 846. MS. biblus was sometimes used simply to signify paper. An' on that sleeth head Thus in a Gl. quoted by Du Cange, vo. Buda, it is Ulysses Sad curses down does bicker. lecti de id said ; Buda, stramentum biblo, est, papyro. Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 6. Isl. liber G. Andr. biblia, carta, ; " Expl. rattle ;" Gl. s. Fr. bib- BIBLIOTHEC, A library. 2. S. To move quickly ; Lat. bibliothec-a. liotheqve, This use of the term may be illustrated by the fol- " In the bibliothec of the of thair is "I met him down the Duke Florence, lowing example; " coming gait as fast as he could S. auld vryttin bukes of the succession of the Paipis," bicker, &c. Nicol F. a. Three fellows of him a Burn, 97, lusty gat clank, And round about him bicker'd a' at anes. s. librarian Ross's Helenore, p. 47. BIBLIOTHECAR, A ; Lat. bibliothe- car-ius. Properly meant to express the noise made by the in quick motion of the feet running ; synon. Brattle. "Anastasius, bibliothecar of the Kirk of Rome that eftir the death of Leo the fourt, Bene- vryttis 3. It expresses the noise occasioned by succes- dictus the thrid vas chosin immediatlie eftir him, sua sive strokes, of or that your lonet hes na place quhair scho may sitt." by throwing stones, by Ibid. This Joan. motion S. regards Pope any rapid ; The term is also used, Aberd. Reg. C. B. Here, a battle; "Pers. pykar," id. Gl. BICHMAN. Wynt. Frae thatched eaves the icicles depend In an' the once I the bichman thar na bute ellis. glitt'ring show, Mck'ring stream, gar obey ; was the ice, low-growling, runs Dunbar, Maitland Poems, p. 56. Imprison'd by Below the crystal pavement. In edit. 1508, it is buthman. This be a may term, Davidson's Seasons, p. 156. borrowed from the of the profession" person described, as he is called s. carried previously ane marchand ;" q. booth- BICKER, BIKEEING, 1. A fight on man, or one who sells goods in a booth. with stones a term S. ; among schoolboys, BYCHT. V. LYCHT. "Bickers, as they are called, were held on the Caltonhill. These bickerings, or set skirmishes, took The in the gowk gat up agane grit hall, place almost every evening a little before dusk, and Tit be the the tuquheit tope, and owirtyrwit his heid, till the combatants were lasted night parted ; who Flang him flat in the fyre, fedderis and all. generally idle apprentices, of mischievous dispositions, Yit he lopd fra the low lycht in lyije. that delighted in chacing each other from knoll to Houlute, iii. 16. " knoll with sticks and stones." Campbell's Journey, This is the in Bann. MS. in reading Lycht lyne" ii. 156. seems to with a motion. V. LING. signify, quick Palsgrave mentions "beckeryng as synon. with scrimysshe," and as corresponding to Fr. meslee. B. iii. s. A "the female of .the canine BICK, bitch; F. 19; also "bicker, fightyng, escarmouche." F. 20. kind." 2. A contention, strife, S. A.-S. bicca, bicce, id.; Isl. bickia, catella. It does not appear that the S. word has ever borne that re- "There were many bickerings, and fear of breaking, articles of proachful and justly detestable sense, in which the about the peace ; but, thanks to God, I hope kindred E. term is used. that fear be past." Baillie's Lett. ii. 7. BIO [183] BID

This be from the v. to Bicker, as conveying the 3. A short race, may Ayrs. idea of it has most had a struggling. But probably I was coiuo round about the hill common origin with the term immediately following. Setting my staff wi' a' my skill, To me sicker keep ; BICKER-RAID, s. The name given to an Tho' leeward wfiyles, against my will, indecent frolick which in I took a bicker. Burns, iii. 41. formerly prevailed harvest, after the labourers had finished BIQUOUB, s. A bowl, or dish for BICKER, dinner. A man, laying hold of a one made of young containing liquor ; properly, rest girl, threw her down, and the covered wood S. ; Roxb. them with their empty bickers ; "Tradition says, that one of the hospitable proprie- In forming a Border compound, it was abundantly tors, after liberally entertaining his guests in the castle, natural to conjoin this with the term Said. was wont to conduct them to this tree, and give them The custom is now extinct. But I am informed an additional bicker there. In those days, it was usual that, within these thirty years, a clergyman, iafencinij with of rank, to drink out of wooden cups or people the tables at a sacrament, debarred all who had been bickers with silver." P. Fife, tipped Kilconquhar, of in the Bicker-raid in liairst. Statist. Ace. ix. 297. guilty engaging Thus we tuke in the high browin liquor, To BID, w. a. 1. To desire, to pray for. And bang'd about the nectar biyuour. Haif we riches, no bettir life we bid, i. 224. Evergreen, Of science thocht the saull be bair and blind. the term is used in this sense. In Yorkshire begger Henrysone, Bannatyne Poems, p. 126. The definition Dr. of E. beaker, given, by Johnson, by This sense is common in O. E. no means corresponds to the sense of this word in S. So will Christe of his & men cry him mercy, and other Northern dialects, "a cup with a spout in curtesye, Both forgeue and forget, and yet byd for vs the form of a bird's beak." Similarity of sound had To the father of heauen forgiuenes to haue. induced him to this as well as give definition, etymon. P. Ploughman, Fol. 95. a. He has indeed followed Skinner in the latter. But he only conjectures that such might be the form of the 2. To care for, to value. beaker in former times. As to the first place, now bid I not to craif it, Germ, becher; Isl. baukitr, bikare; Sw. bagare; Dan. Althoch it be Mnestheus wont to have it ; Gr. and L. B. Ital. begere; /Scucapi, baccarium; bicchifre, Nor I bid not to striffe and wyn the gre. patera, scyphus. Doug. Virgil, 134. 24. The term be viewed ag allied to Gr. " may radically Rudd. renders it thus, bide not, non moror." It vas aut urna habens and q. PIK-OS, ansas, Hesych. ; jSi/c-ior, seems, however, to be rather an oblique sense of the r. urnula, ureeolus, dob'olum vel lagenula. " as signifying to desire, q. I am not anxious in regard The of the word is obscure. Some have sup- " origin to it. From the same origin with BEDIS, q. v. it is from posed, fancifully enough, that Bacchm, his been formed on as from in tern- image having cups, appears BIDDABLE, adj. Obedient, pliable Anacreon. But it should also have been that proved, A biddable bairn, a child that cheer- the ancient Greeks or Romans had a word similar to per. is desired or S. bicker, used in the same sense. Isidorus indeed men- fully does what enjoined ; tions bacchia as vessels first to denoting appropriated from the E. v. bid, to command. wine, afterwards to water. But this seems to be com- paratively a modern word. Wachtcr derives it, with BIDDABLENESS, s. Disposition to obey, com- rather more probability, from back, a small boat. This S. is at least to as Lat. pliant temper, more consonant analogy ; cymbium, a was formed from a boat Isidor. drinking cup, cymba, ; BIDDABLIE, adv. Obediently. This was the term used to denote the cup drunk by the ancient Scandinavians, in honour of their deceas- To BIDE, BYDE, v. a. 1. To await, to wait ed heroes. It was not called but only Braga-fvll, for. Brage-bikare. V. Keysler, Antiq. Septent. 352-354, and SKOL. "The Deel bides his day," S. Prov. "Taken from It has been often mentioned, as an evidence of the a supposition that the Devil, when he enters into a a sets her the date of her frugality of the ancients, and of the simplicity of their covenant with witch, life, a manners, that they used drinking vessels made of wood. which he stands to. Spoken when people demand These were often of beech. debt or wages before it is due." Kelly, p. 303. -Fabricataque fago 2. To as the idea of Pocula. Ovid. Fast. L. 3. wait, apparently implying defiance. V. Rosin. Rom. 377, 378. Antiq. " Monro sends out rickmaster Forbes with good s. As much of BICKERFU', any thing, horsemen and 24 musketeers, to bring back thir goods

fills out of Auchindown frae the robber thereof ; but John whether dry or liquid, as a bicker, S. bade and defended his man- "It's better a it Dugar stoutly them, prey just one degree than hand-quern " Spalding, i. 234. canna grind a bkkerfu' of meal in a quarter of an hour. fully." The i. 265. " Pirate, 3. To suffer, to endure. He bides a great For 'at hae a " they gueed peat-stack deal of S. Westmorel. id. I think hae nae great piugle, pain ; Wi' a brown bickerfu' to quaff What my conditioun was, I canna tell Afore a bleezin' ingle. My fae let never be sae hard bestead. II". Beattie's Tales, p. 37. Or forc'd to byde the bydings that I baid. Ross's Heltnore, p. 87. s. BICKERESP, Indelicate Dumfr. ; " at. toying, It will bide billinge at ; it will bear working Bagenin synon., Fife. North." Gl. Grose. BID [184] BIE

This is an sense of Moes-G. only oblique beid-an, BIEYTA'V, s. The name given to the food A.-S. : for what is but bid-cm, exspectare enduring, served to taken waiting ? Moes-G. us-beidjands, bearing long in adverse up strangers, immediately circumstances, Luk. xviii. 7. after being at sea, West. Islands. "When any strangers resort thither, the natives, To BIDE, or BYD at, v. n. To persist, to abide immediately after their landing, oblige them to eat, even though they should have eat and drunk by- liberally but an hour before their landing there. And this meal "I self be this with oblyss my my hand-wryte, they call Bieyta'v, i.e. ocean meat, for they presume the of God, to him ane be Goddis grace preif heretyke that the sharp air of the ocean must needs give them conform to the and under- worde, doctryne, jugement a good appetite." Martin's West. Isl. p. 95. of the maist ancient and standyng godlie wryttaris Notwithstanding the resemblance to Bieyfir, most he will saye and byd att that the mess is ydolatrie." of gif probably Scandinavian origin ; q. beit-hav from to Keith's Hist. 195, 196. Corsraguell Willok, App. p. Isl. beit, esca, food, and haf, Dan. hav, mare, the It is also used actively : sea as ; rightly rendered by Martin. "All thys I haif wryttin, not believand bot ye wald haif bidden att the jugemeut of the anceant doctouris." BIELD, s. Shelter. V. BEILD. Ibid. p. 198. BIELY, adj. Affording shelter, Gall., for BYDE or v. a. To adhere to To be, by, ; as, Bieldy. I'll bide be that the same no agreement, S.; The sun, more potent, temperates the clouds, with Byde at. An' Spring peeps cautious on the biely braes. Davidson's Seasons, p. 176. V. BEILDY. ' ' I nevir sayd I wold byde be the Doctouris contrare be to the scripture. Bot I am contentit to be jugit To BIELD, v. a. To protest, S. V. BEILD. for I holie the scripture truelie understand ; know the s. as Goist and the scripture are not contrare one to the BIER, Expl. signifying twenty threads uther." Willok, Lett, to Corsraguell, Keith's Hist. in the breadth of a web. V. PORTER. App. p. 198. " Also another coarse coloured thread, every "The burgh of Aberdeen biding by the king more through two hundred threads, so as to distinguish the number stoutly than wisely, and hearing daily of great pre- of biers or scores of threads in the breadth of the said parations making in the south, began to look to them- cloth." Maxw. Sel. Trans, 398. selves, and to use all possible means for their defence." p. ' Troubles, i. 102. Spalding's BIERDLY, BIERLY, adj. "'. Then out and the to bear spake bierdly bride, To BYDE KNAWLEGE, investigation ; Was a' to the chin " goud ; Gin she be fine an old forensic term. V. KNAWLEGE. " without," says she, We's be as fine within." Jamiesoris Popular Ball. ii. 133. s. to what one endures. BIDE, Applied A he has doen him to his ha' To mak him terrible bide, pain so acute as scarcely to be bierly cheer. Loth. Ibid. p. 195. tolerable, "Like one that has been well fed " ; stout and large ; Gl. It is viewed as the same with Burdly, q. v. But s. Evil what one has to it BYDINGS, pi. endured, me seems rather to signify, fit, proper, becoming, to suffer, Ang. from Isl, byr-iar, ber, decet, opportet. In the second extract this is the obvious sense. seems fae let never be sae hard bestead Bierdly used, My ; in the former, somewhat the Or forc'd to byde the to/dings that I baid. obliquely, q. comely bride or one drest as became her rank. Ross's Helenore, p. 87. ; perhaps, endure the that I have en- That is, "to hardships s. A S. B. dured." BIERLING, galley, "He was low of -stature, but of matchless strength, and skill in arms ; kept always a bierlin or in To BIDE v. n. To continue in one galley be, state, this place with 12 or 20 armed men, ready for any S. It is applied to one of an inconstant enterprise." P. Edderachylis, Statist. Ace. vi. 292. disposition. BIERLY, adj. Big, S. B. This is variously used. Of a sick it phrase person, His cousin was a bierly swank, is that he does not bide he seems also said, be, when to A derf young man, necht Rob. recover the one and the next S. B. hour, relapses ; Christmas Baling, Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 128. This seems merely the local pronunciation of s. BIDINGS, pi. Sufferings. V. BIDE, v. BUBLY, q. v. To BIETLE, BEETLE, v. n. 1. To amend, BIEYFIR, s. The designation given to the to better to the state of one's of grow ; applied double portion meat formerly allotted, by health, W. Loth. a chief, to his Galloglach or armour-bearer, Islands. 2. recover to the in the Western To ; applied vegetable king-

' ' The measure of meat usually given him, is call'd dom, when its products have been in a state that a man's " to this day Bieyfir, is, portion ; meaning of decay ; as, The crap's beetlin' now," an extraordinary man, whose and thereby strength ibid. courage distinguished him from the common sort." Martin's West. Isl. p. 104. Evidently a dimin. from A.-S. beot-ian, bet-cm, con- Gael, biadh, meat, food, andfear a man. valescere, melius habere, or some synon. northern v. BIG [185] BIG

formed by means of that termination, which at times 2. to E. Preceding ; equivalent predeceased. expresses continuation. V. the letter L. Reduce ye now into your myndis ilkanc The actis of eldaris BIG, BIGG, a. A particular species of barley, wourthy your higane. Doug. Virgil, 826. 22. also denominated bear, S. BYGANES, BIGONES, used as s. pi. denoting "Bear or bigg (a kind of grain with four rows on what is but the each head) is sown from the beginning to the 20th of past, properly including idea May." P. Durisdeer, Dumfr. Statist. Ace. iv. 460. of transgression or defect. 1. It denotes of- "The vegetable productions are Kg, a small species fences against the sovereign, or the state, of barley, of which meal and malt are made. P. real or Holme, Orkney, ibid. v. 407. supposed. used in it has " This term being Orkney, most pro- The king took the books on himself, and dis- come to us from Scandinavia. Isl. bably bigg, byijg, charged the bishops of all fault, condemned all the sup- hordeum Dan. Su.-G. id. The word is ; byy, biugg, plications and subscriptions, and all meetings and com- also used in Cumberland. missions hitherto for that end ; but pardoned bygone*, this name had been Rudbeck thinks that given to discharging all such meeting in time to come, under from the barley biy, grandis, grain being larger than the highest pains." Baillie's Lett. i. 32. that of oats. V. CHESTER BEAR. "The King has granted them peace, oblivion for by- gones, liberty of conscience, and all they desire for time To v. a. To build Cumb. BIG, BYG, ; S., to come." Ibid. ii. 22. id. In this sense the is used Let Westmorel., word proverbially ;

be let offences be : On Gargowmio was byggyt a small peill, by-ganet by-ganes, past forgotten S. That warnyst was with men and wittaill weill, praeterita praetereantur, Within a bathe closs chawmer and hall. dyk, 2. It is used in relation to the of lovers, Wallace, iv. 213. MS. quarrels " or of offence either Also he bigged the great hall of Stirling, within grounds given by party, the said castle." Pitscottie, p. 86. o. This word occurs in O. E. although not very fre- Hard by an aged tree quently. Twa lovers fondly stray, Love darts from The toun he fond paired & schent, Ketty's e'e, More than Kirkes, houses beten doun, blyth op'ning day. All are and To the kyng thei meiit tham of the toun. byganes forgot gone, And Arthur views her as his own. He bigged it eft that are was playn. JUorison's 135. R. Brunne, Pref. clxxzviii. Poemi, p. It often denotes A.-S. bycg-an, Isl. bygg-ia, Su.-G. bygg-a, aedificare, 3. arrears, sums of money for-

a from id. ; as it is custo- instruere, frequentative bo, merly due, but not paid, S. mary with the Goths thus to augment monosyllables "Having received no stipend when he was ejected, in o ; as, mt/jij-a from so, a sow. V. Ihre, vo. Byijga. he was advised to go up to London, and apply to his r. n. To build a nest. This To BIG, use of Majesty for a warrant to uplift what was his justly,

and : the term is universal in S. by law ; which he did he was told for answer, That he could have no warrant for bygone*, unless he The swallow i' the cot-house wa'. gray bigs would for time to come conform to the established Remains ffithfdale Song, p. 110. church." Wodrow's Hist. ii. 256. There's a sour crab grows at our barn wa'; And the birds winna in't nor in't big sing ava. BIGGAR, s. A builder, one who carries on a Ibid. p. 118. building. It is used actively, however, and with the e. in the to advise the hes the annuell same sense, in Sw. Bygga bo, to build or make a nest. "Item, gif chaplaine under Dan. bygger reede, id. reversion, and contributis with the biggar, to considder bow thereafter the annuell sail be un- To BIG round to Aberd. lang one, surround, redeemable." Acts Mary, 1551. c. 10. Murray. To BIG upon, v. a. To fall upon, to attack, BIGGIE, BIGGIN, s. A linen cap, Ayrs. Aberd. ; from the idea of the perhaps ap- "Biggie, or Biggin, a linen cap." Gl. Survey C. of made a proaches by besieging enemy. Ayr, p. 690. Biggie is used in Lanarks. The writer properly derives it from Fr. bcguin. V. BIG-COAT, s. A great coat, S. BIOONET.

1. Past s. build- BYGANE, BIGANE, BYGONE, adj. ; BIGGING, BYGGYN, BYGGYNGE, A S. The latter is mentioned Dr. Johnson a of a as by ing ; house, properly larger size, as " a Scotch word." opposed to a cottage, S. "It is decretit be the haill and forbid- Thai led Wallace that this wans Parliament, qnhar byggynge ; diu be thocht to assaill our Soueraue Lord the King, that ony liggis or He it, ferby or he wald pass. bandis be maid ainaugia his liegis in the Realme. Wallace, iv. 217. MS. And lies bene gif ony maid in tyme bygane, that thay Fyre blesis in his hie biggingis swakkit. be not keipit nor haldin in tyme to cum." Acts Ja. I. Doug. Virgil, 260. \- 1424, c. 33. Edit. 1566. " When he was removed, all those who had relation He welcomed fayr that 1 dy yunge. to the Irish business, lighted so sharply upon him, that Emare, Ritson's/ E. it. R. v. 769. did think their censure was not so for his many much Biggin, building, Gl. WestmoreL Isl. bigging, present behaviour, as for some by-gone quarrels." structure. Baillie's Lett. i. " 198. I BIGGIT, Built, This word is used wrote to you at length of all our bygone proceed- part. pa. ings." Ibid. p. 219. in various senses, S. BIG [186] BYK

" houses or build- Biggit land, land where there are It cannot here signify big; for it is applied to a ings," Pink. This expression, which is still contrasted hermit's cell. It may admit of this sense in the fol- with one's situation in a or far from solitude, any lowing passages : shelter during a storm, has been long used in S. not And yf thou sende hur soone ; And quhen thai com in biggit land, He wyll dystroye thy bygly landys, Wittail and mete yneuch thai fand. And slee all that before hym standys, Harbour, xiv. 383. MS. And lose full many a lyfe. Ibid. p. 11. A weill biggit body is one who has acquired a good Yf y gyltles be of thys, deal of wealth, S. B. Bryng me to thy bygly blys, For Ibid. 71. This term, as applied to the body of man or beast, thy grate gouhede. p. respects growth; weill biggit, well-grown, lusty. "The BIGLIE, BIGLY, adj. Pleasant, delightful ; man was well bigged, of a large, fair and good manly at times to Ettr. For. countenance." Ja. Melvill's MS. Mem. p. 54. applied situation, She has ta'en her to her bigly bour BIGGIT. As fast as she could fare. Minslrely Border, ii. 11. On grund no greif quhill thai the gret ost se Wald thai nocht rest, the rinkis so thai ryde. Isl. byggileg-r, habitabilis, from bygg-ia, aedificare. Bot fra thai saw thair sute, and thair semblie, Rather Ettr. For. It culd thame bre, and biggit thame to byde. BIGLIE, adj. large, i. 24. King Hart, This must be viewed as a different word from the are in Gl. Pink, as words not Both these given former, and as derived from Big, large, q. big-like, from from understood. Bre may either signify, affright, the appearance of largeness. from Su.-G. A.-S. breg-ean, terrere ; or disturb, bry, a. linen or coif. vexare, turbare. The sense of biggit may be, inclined; BIGONET, A cap from flectere. "It or dis- A.-S. byg-am, frightened Good humour and white bigonets shall be to back." turbed them, and disposed them stay Guards to my face, to keep his love for me. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 84. BIGGIT WA'S, s. pi. Buildings, houses, S. I would rather derive the term from Fr. begmne, " I can do what would freeze the blood o' them that also biguenette, a nun of a certain order in Flanders ; as a resemblance to the head-dress. V. is bred in biggit wa'a for naething but to bind bairns denoting Manner- BIGGIE. heads, and to hap them in the cradle." Guy " of iii. 150. From the same with E. biggin, a kind ing, origin " child Fr. coif, or linuen-cap for a young ; Phillips. id. This is derived from in- BIGHT, s. 1. A loop upon a rope, Loth. begum, begue, speaking as this is the case children when distinctly ; with they to Diet. Trev. 2. The inclination of a bay, ibid. begin speak ; xix. 392. Pink. ed. Teut. bigh-en, pandari, incurvari, flectr. Isl. bugt, BIGS, Barbour, Leg. sinus. BOUGHT. curvatura, V. Lugis. Tharfor thaim alsua herbryit thai : an air, BIGHTSOM, adj. Implying easy And stent pailyownys in hy, and, at the same time, activity, S. B. Tentis and lugis als tharby, Thai gert mak, and set all on raw. When are skim'd, an' cirn streekit, cogs MS. Edit. Tents and fast in are steekit ; 1620, ludges. The yellow drops ; Plump gaes the staff, Meg views, wi' pleasure, BYILYEIT, part. pa. Boiled. treasure The booking, thick'ning, yellow ; to Ladie and hir servandis She gies her clouk a buMCMM bow, "Item, my daylie, ij rested," &c. Chalmers's Up fly the knots of yellow hue. byilyeit pulterie, ij caponis Morison's Poems, p. 111. Mary, i. 178. Clouk denotes the hand. Perhaps q. buxom, from BYK. A.-S. flexibilis to bend. bocsum, ; byg-an, My maine is turnit into quhyt, And thairof ye hef all the wyt. BIGLY, BYGLY, adj. When nthir hors hed brane to byk, I wald. in a bour I gat bot gress, grype gif Scho wynnit ; bigly Maitland 112. On fold was none so fair. Dunbar, Poems, p. Bludy Serk, st. 2. S. P. R. iii. 190. This might he derived from Belg. bikk-en, to chop, to beat to eat. Dam- valt niet te bikken; "There Big, Gl. Pink. It may perhaps signify commodious, ; also, is to eat." But most it is an error of or habitable, from A.-S. big-an, habitare, and lie, nothing probably for bite or eat. The evi- similis. some transcriber byt, rhyme this correction. It can scarcely be sup- She's ta'en her to her dently requires bigly hour, that Dunbar would write as fare posed byk, corresponding As fast as she could ; " to and The is : When And she has drank a sleepy draught quhyt wyt. meaning evidently That she had mixed wi' care. other horses, in winter, were fed on bran, he had no- Qoss ii. 11. but to nibble at, at the risk of his Oay Hawk, Minstrelsy Border, thing grass although " seized with from its coldness. bigged hae they a bigly hour being gripes, Fast the strand by roaring ; s. male salmon so BYKAT, BEIKAT, A ; And there was mair mirth in the ladyes' bour, Nor in a' her father's land. called, when come to a certain age, because Rose the Red and White Ibid. 68. Lily, p. of the beak which grows in his under jaw; This occurs in O. E. It is con- epithet frequently Ang. joined with /LOWS, landys, and blys. This is evidently analogous to Fr. becard, expl. by The holy arrnyte brente he thare, a female salmon. But, to others, the And left that bygly h

BIKE, BYKE, BYIK, BEIK, . 1. A building, 6. It is used in a similar sense in S. B. only an habitation, S. denoting trifles.

Mony burgh, mony hour, mony big bike ; "Beik, any hidden collection of small matters." Mony kyurik to his claiue cumly to kuaw : Gl. Surv. Nairn and Moray. Maneris full with dike nienskfull, mony cleip ; Bike is still used with respect to what are called Selcouth war the sevint to at saw. part say mid beet, denoting a hive in the earth, the term sleep Qawan and Qol. ii. 8. being appropriated to those that are domesticated. It is still used in this S. B. Isl. liiiknr occasionally sense, indeed denotes a hive, alvear ; and Teut. And naethiug was Habbie now scant in, bie-bock, bie-buyck, apiarium, alvearium, Kilian. Yet To inak him as cothie's like the same learned writer you ; explains bmjckvcust woonen, For nocht but a house-wife was wautin' tixam sedem teuere, domicilium habere fixam et stabile. To his weel plenish foggit byke. The Isl. word is probably from Su.-G. bygg-a to build, Jamieson'a Ball. i. 293. Popular part. pa. bygdt ; q. something prepared or built. There This might seem a metaph. use of the word in allu- seems to be no reason to doubt that the word, as used sion to a hive, from the use of foggit. But the latter iu sense 2, is the same with that denoting a habitation. is to Isl. equivalent provided. I'i'jil, indeed, is rendered habitatio ; Verel. And what is a byke or bee-bike, but a or habitation 2. building A nest or hive of bees, wasps, or ants, S. of bees? Wele like To BIKE, v. n. To hive, to Quhen that the herd has fund the beis bike, gather together Closit vniler ane derne cauenie of stanis ; like bees, South of S. And fyllit has full sone that litil wanys, Tis weel kend by mony a ane, Wyth smoik of soure and bitter rekis stew. The lads about me biki't, 432. 10. Doug. Virgil, In wedlock's baud wad laid their skin Byik, 113. 50. Be bike, 239, b. 1C. Beik, Ross. V. To mine whene'er I liket. SMERVY. A. Scott's 16. 17. " Poems, p. I remembir vow ane fabil. Ane tod was ouir- wyl *. a swarm with BYKING, A hive, ; synon. set with ane byte of fleis, continewally soukand out hir blud." Belleud. Cron. B. xii. c. 7. Examine mus- Bike, Byke, Ettr. For. carum Boeth. " oppressa ; We haena cheer for oursels, let abe for a byking o' English lords and squires." Perils of Man, i. 57. 3. A building erected for the preservation of grain; Caithn. BYKNYF, BYKNIFE, *. " " " Here are neither barns nor Thre new byknyffis; Aberd. A. 1541. graineries ; the corn is Reg. thrashed out and in the chaff in Our to this now is he preserved bykei, which bischop gane ; are stacks in of His letter of tak lies with him tane shape bee-hives, thatched quite round, ; man be where it will keep good for two years." Pennant's Sayand ye gude, my lord.. This noble in neife Tour in S. 1769, p. 157. angle my Vnto your lordschip 1 will gife, To cause to 4. Metaph. an association or collective body; S. you renew my tackis. The angle noble lirst he tuike. In that court sal come nionie one And syne the letters for to luike : Of the blak byke of : Babylone With that his byknife furth hes tane, The innocent blude that sal day cry, And maid him twentie tackis of ane. Ane lowde vengeance full piteously. Leg. Bp. St. Androis, Poems 16th Cent. p. 323. Lyndsay's Warkis, 1592, p. 167. "That Schir Johne content & paye to the said heartsome labour ! time and ! wordy pains William Henrisoue for d. tane furthe of his frae the xviij That best esteem and friendship gains : a d." &c. Act. Audit. A. 82. Be that my luck, and let the greedy bike purss, byknyfvi 1478, p. It had occurred to me that this a house- Stockjob the warld amang them as they like. might signify one for from A.-S. habita- Ramsay's Works, ii. 321. knife, domiciliary uses, bye tio, and cnif, culter. And the common use of the term To stall the byke, metaph. to disperse an assembly seems to confirm this idea, as it denotes "a knife not of whatever kind ; S. laid the rest, but left for common use in Rudd. mentions A.-S. bycg-an, to build, as up among " probably accessible the of this as some place, Aberd. It may, however, sig- origin word, denoting a hive ; because of a knife or at hand. the admirable structure of the hives of these little nify lying by one, animals. Shall we suppose that Douglas himself al- BYKYNIS, . ludes to this as the origin, when he substitutes wanys, the of the d. Aberd. or habitation, for what he has already denominated "Viij biikynix price pece iij ;" A. V. 19. Bodkins? V. BOIKEN. lujke ? At any rate Rudd. is right in his conjecture. Reg. 1544, 5. valuable s. residence A collection of whatever kind, when BILBIE, Shelter, ; Ang. I is a ancient word. It acquired without labour or beyond expecta- This, apprehend, very may be either from Su.-G. and tion. when one has a consider- byle, habitaculum, by, pagus, Thus, got as residence in a or conjoined, denoting village ; more able sum of money, or other moveables, by simply, from Bolby, villa pnmaria, which, according to is of the death of Hire, hot, the trunk, and by, a ; "a another, especially if this was comp. " village metaphor," he says, borrowed from the human body, not looked for, it is said He has or ; gotten, which contains many minute parts in itself. Opposed a fund, gude bike, Tweed.; evidently in allu- to this, is the phrase afgarda by ; denoting a village, sion to the of a wild hive. the laud of which is cultivated within the Emits of an- finding other." This to the S. corresponds designation, when fully But besides that the is the a metaphor far-fetched, expressed, bee-byke ; as it is given by Doug. 239, reason for the would b. 16. assigned opposite designation suggest, that the first syllable was not formed from bol, I not in all that /and feild ane be bike. truiicus, but from bol, praedium, which, although writ- B1L [188] BIL

" ten in the same manner, is quite a different word. For, I had the honour, said Randolph to Cecil, to play according to this view, bolby would signify a village a party at a game called the Bills, my mistress Beton which has apraedium, or territory of its own, annexed [Mary Beton, the maid of honour] and I, against the to it. This would certainly exhibit the contrast more Queen and my lord Darnley, the women to have the strictly and forcibly than the etymon given by Ihre. winnings." Chalm. Life of Mary, i. 133. "Sic play is wnlefull, & specialise cartis, dyiss, ta- 1. A V. BILCH, (gutt.) lusty person. billis, goif, kylis, bylis, & sic wther playis." Aberd. BELCH. Reg. A. 1565, V. 26. have been the billiards This seems to game of ; Fr. 2. It has a the in meaning directly reverse, Itil li- signifying a small bowl or billiard ball. This has " been traced Selkirks. denoting a little, crooked, insig- to Lat. pila. nificant person." BILF, *. This seems to the first sense of as analogous Belch, "What think ye o' younsels, ye couartly hashes, signifying a monster. there sookiu' the an' nursin' thae lyin' up grey-bairds," muckle o' o' I Saint iii. To BILCH, v. n. To to bilfs kytes yours Patrick, (ch soft) limp, halt, 265. V. BELCH, BILCH. Tweedd. Roxb.; synon. Hilch. s. A blunt Lanarks. stroke, ; The only term that might be viewed as having BILF, Ayrs. is Isl. affinity, Teut. bulck-en, mdiuare se ; or bylt-a Beff, Baff, synon. volutare, casus, billta, lapsus. "She gave a pawkie look at the stripling, and hit it was a ne'er-do- BILCHER, s. One who halts, ibid. the gilly a bilf on the back, saying weel trade he had ta'en up." R. Gilhaize, i. 70. BILDER, a. A scab, Ang. BIL *. A projection for the support of allied to A.-S. carbunculus Teut. GET, Evidently byle, ; a or Aberd. bvyle, id. buyl-en, extuberare. But it more nearly re- shelf, any thing else, sembles the Su.-G. synonyme bolda or boeld, iilrus. bu- Teut. bulget, bulga; 0. Goth, bulg-ia, to swell out. bo, which Ihre deduces from Isl. bolga, intumescere. BILGET, adj. Bulged, jutting out. s. A BILEDAME, great-grandmother. Anone al most ye wend to sey in fere, The last caice, Cryis Calcas, nor Grekis instrument As my biledame old Gurgunnald told me, Of Troy the wallis sal neuer hurt nor rent, I allege non vthir auctonte. Les then agane the land of Arge be socht, Colkettne Sow, v. 902. With alkin portage, quhilk was hidder broeht In or ouer se. This is undoubtedly the same with E. beldam, from barge, bilget ballinger, Doug. Virgil, 44. 39. belle dame, which, Dr. Johnson says, "in old Fr. sig- " Rudd. had rendered this as a but corrects his mis- nified probably an old woman. But it seems more pro- ., that it of take in Add. He traces the word to Germ, bulg, bulga, bable, was an honourable title consanguinity ; or venter. But it seems allied to Su. -G. and that as E. grandam denotes a grandmother, in O. bauch, naturally to whence Isl. a billow. its Fr., grande-dame had the same sense in common with bulg-ia, swell, bylijia, Or, is more found in Isl. curvo grande-mere ; and that the next degree backwards was origin immediately eg beige, ; inflare G. Andr. 26. belle-dame, a great-grandmother. That this is its belgia huopta, buccas, p. 25, signification, in the passage quoted, will not admit of To BILL, v. a. 1. To register, to record. a doubt. For it is previously said : In Booke of there shall I reid not this in Lyfe, story autentyfe ; I see me billed. I did it leir at ane full auld wyfe, Author's Meditation, Forbes's Eubulus, p. 166. My gritgramulame, men call her Gurgimnald. Ibid. v. 628. 2. To give a legal information against, to in- Beldam seems to have had a common fate with dict, apparently synon. with Delate, Dilate. Luckie, which as well as Luckie-minnie, still signifies a "That the wardanis of the mercheis foiranent grandmother, although transferred to an old woman, Eng- land tak Inglismen occupiis and often used disrespectfully. diligent inquisitioun quhat thai ony Scottis grund in pasturage or tillage ; And abode. BILEFT, pret. Remained, bill the personis offendouris in that behalff aganis the With other werkmen mo, treateis," &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1587, Ed. 1814, p. 465. He bileft al night Johns, mentions the v. to bill, as a cant word, signi- In land. fying "to publish by an advertisement;" and justly Sir Tristrem, p. 36. st. 54. views it as formed from the noun. A.-S. belif-an, superesse, to remain ; Alem. biliben, BILL, s. A bull (taurus), S. Franc, biliu-en, manere ; Schilter. He views the warsle, laughing wi' himsel To v. a. To as a stallion and shake his nools BYLEPE, cover, At seeing auld brmony glow, ; does a mare. Dares him in fight 'gainst any fremmit bill. Davidson's Poems, p. 45. Twa sterne stedis therein yokit yfere, This is a Johns, derives the Cummyn of the kynd of heuinlye hors were, evidently corruption. - id. This in his usual Quhilk Circe crafty and ingenyus,- E. term from Belg. bolle, Junius, a because this Be ane quent way fra hir awin fader staw, way, traces to Gr. /3oXij, ictus, stroke, Makand his stedes bylepe meris vnknaw, animal strikes with his horns. Wachter more properly Syc mauer hors engendrit of bastard kynd. refers to Germ, bell-en, mugire, to bellow. The v. ap- 215. 1. Doug. Virgil, 37. pears more in an original form, in Sw. boel-a, Isl. id. It is no inconsiderable that this is A.-S. behleap-an, insilire ; Su.-G. loep-a, Teut. loop- baul-a, proof the that in Isl. not does baula a en, catulire ; Germ, belauff-m, id. root, only signify cow, (denominated, according to G. Andr. from its lowing, BILES, BYLIS, s. A sort of game for four p. 25, ) but bauli, a bull, Haldorsou. persons. In some instances, the name of a male animal, in one BIL [189] BIL

language, would seem to be transferred to the female, When persons are in a state of familiar intercourse, in another. But even where this appears to be the or even on fair terms with each other, after some cool- it are case, upon due examination it will be found that is ness, they said to be gude billies, 8. B. not the same word which was used, in the precisely 2. Fellow, used rather contemptuously, S. more ancient language, in a masculine sense. Thus, it might seem that we borrow our name for a hen, synon. chield, chap, that which a cock in the Teut. and that from signifies ; Ye cheer my heart how was the billy pleas'd ? the term mare is the same that in Germ, denotes a Nae well, I wad, to be sae snellyelly us'clus'cl. horse. But Teut. kan or Inn H a cock, assuming a Shirrefs Poems, p. 35. feminine as whence termination, appears fianne, galliua, 3. As a term expressive of affection and fa- our hen. Germ, mar a horse, changed into maere, S. signifies equa, our mare. I do not, however, recollect miliarity ; any instance of the name of the female being trans- Ye cut before the point : but, billy, bide, ferred, in a more modern language, to the male. I'll wager there's a mouse-mark on your side. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 119. To BILLY, v. n. To low, Galloway. 4. A lover, one who is in suit of a woman. Ilk cuddoch, billying o'er the green, Be not owre bowstrous to Against auld crummy ran. your Billy, Be warm hertit, not Ulwilly. Davidson's Seasons, p. 49. Clerk, Evergreen, ii. 19. This is merely a corr. of E. bellow. Still used in this sense, S. B. BILLY BLYNDE, BILLY BLIN, . 1. The 5. A brother, S. designation to Brownie, or the lubber given Fair to Willie did " Jphnie Armstrang say in some of the southern counties of S. a ridine we will fiend, Billie, gae ; and us have been at feid The Billy Blin' there outspake he, England lang ; fair ladie Ablins we'll on some bootie." As he stood by the ; light " i. 157. The bonnie May is tired wi' riding ;" Minstrelsy Border, Gaur'd her sit down ere she was bidden. Billie Willie, brother Willie. Ibid. p. 156. Old Ballad, Remains of Xithsdale Song, p. 212. 6. Used as brotherhood in ac- For other examples of this use of the term, V. denoting arms, BELLY-BLIND. cording to the ancient laws of chivalry. 2. Blind-man's-buff. If I suld kill my billie dear, God's blessing I sail never win. In addition to what is given under BELLY-BLIND, Minstrelsy Border, iii. 99. with respect to the origin of the term as applied to this were your son a lad like mine, game, it may be observed that not only bael, but belia, And learn'd some books that he could read, is used in Isl. to denote a cow and that ; belji signifies They might hae been twae brethren bauld, and boare. V. HALDORSON. boatus, belia, And they might hae bragged the border side. Under I threw out the that But son's a and he is Belly-Blind, conjecture, your lad, but bad ; Blind-man's-buff might have been one of the games And IiiI lie to my son he canna be. Old Sony. anciently played at the time of Yule. On further 7. a fellow. this examination, I find that Rudbeck not only asserts A young man, young In that this is still universally used the it is often in sport among sense, used the pi. The billies, Northern nations at the time of Christmas, but sup- or, The billies, S. B. poses that it was transmitted from the worship of young Where'er flees Bacchus. For he views him as pointed by the they come, aff the thrang put 0' name Bocke, and considers the hoodwinking, &c. in country billies. this Mayne's Siller Oun, p. 78. game as a memorial of the Bacchanalian orgies. Atlant. ii. 306. It is expl. "a stout man, a clever fellow," Gl. Shirr. As originally the skin of an animal was worn by him 8. Sometimes it a S. B. as who sustained the principal character, perhaps the signifies boy, synon. sport might, in our country, be denominated from his with callan. resemblance to Brovmie, who is re- supposed always The callan's name was Rosalind, and they presented as having a rough appearance, and as being Yeed hand and hand at the together play ; covered with hair. V. BLIND HARIE. And as the billy had the start of yield, To Nory he was ay a tenty bield. BILLYBLINDER, . 1. The person who hood- Jtoss's Helenore, p. 13. winks another in the of Blindman's play It is probably allied to Su.-G. Germ. biUig, Belg. S. A. as Buff, billik, equalis ; denoting those that are on a footing as to age, rank, relation, affection, or employment. 2. Metaph. used for a blind or imposition. BILLY a smart used "Ay weel I wat that's little short of a billyblinder. BENTIE, roguish boy ; An a' tales be true, yours is nae lie." Perils of either in a or in a bad sense good ; as, Man, iii. 387. " Weel, weel, Billy Benly, I'se mind you for BILLIE, BILLY, s. 1. A companion, a that," S. comrade. Billie is evidently equivalent to boy. V. the term, Then out and the Laird's sense 8. The only word resembling bentie is A.-S. " spak gude Jock, Now fear he lentith, "that hath obtained his Somner. " ye na, my billie," quo' ; desire," For here are the Laird's Jock, the Laird's Wat, Deprecabilis, Lye, easy to be entreated : from bene, And Hobbie Noble, come to set tliee free." a request or boon, and tith-ian, ge-tith-ian, to grant, Minstrelsy Border, i. 177. q. "one who obtains what he asks." I have indeed 'Twas then the billies cross'd the Tweed, always heard the term used in a kindly way, And by Traquair-house scamper'd. s. Rev. J. Nicol't Poems, ii. 7. BILLYHOOD, Brotherhood, South of S. BIL [190] BIN

" 'Any man will stand py me when I am in te right, 1 hope it's nae a sin put wit a prother I must always pe in te right.' Sometimes to tirl a merry pin " Whan fowks are in a bin 'Man,' quo' I, 'that's a stretch of billyhood that I laughin For or fable. was never up to afore.'" Brownie of Bodsbeck, ii. 31. sang Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 183. " This seems the same BILLIT, adj. Shod with iron," Rudd. with Bind, q. v. About her went BIN, s. A mountain, S. O. Tarpeia that stoutly turnis and swakkis With the wele stelit and braid billit ax. Here Snawdon shows his warlike brow, And from his have a Doug. Virgil, 388. 1. height you view, From Lomond bin to Pentland know, This phrase, however, as Rudd. also hints, is perhaps Fall eighty mile. a circumlocution for the or ax. merely bipennis, large .R. V. BALAX. Galloway's Poems, p. 75. From Gael, ben, id., Lomond bin being synon. with Benlomond. BILSH, s. 1. A short, plump, and thriving " or animal as a bilsh o' s. 1. person ; a callan," a BIND, BINDE, Dimension, size; espe- thickset Lanarks. Roxb. with to circumference. boy ; cially respect A " barrel of certain is I remember of it, but cannot tell what year it was, a bind, one of certain for I was but a little bilsh o' a callan then." Blackw. dimensions, S.; Hence Barrett bind. Mag. Mar. 1823, p. 316. " It is statute that the Barrett S. Pilch is used in the same sense. bind of Salmound sould keip and contein the assyse and mesour of four- 2. A little waddling fellow, Ettr. For. tene gallonis, and not to be mynist, vnder the pane of escheit of the salmound, quhair it beis fundiu les, to the vse : and that ilk haue thre BILSHIE, adj. Short, plump, and thriving, Kingis burgh hupe ane at ilk end of the and aue ibid. irnis, videlicet, barrell, in the middis, for the mesuring of the barrell." Acts Ja. III. c. 131. Edit. 1566. c. 118. To v. n. to also to 1487, Murray. BILT, To go lame, Hmp ; 2. It is used walk with crutches, Roxb. more generally to denote size in any sense. BILT, s. A limp, ibid. "The Swan, v s. : The wylde Guse of the greit as bind, ii s." Acts Mar. 1551. c. 11. Ed. 1566. BILTIN', part. pr. Limping, biltin awa' ; Liltin'. S. to synon. O. 3. Metaph. denote ability. ''Aboon my Isl. inverti G. Andr. 29. bind" This is billt-a, volutare, prolabi, ; p. beyond my power. often to S. applied pecuniary ability ; BILT, s. A blow, Ayrs. GH. Picken. This use of the word is evidently borrowed from the idea of binding a vessel with hoops. BILTER, s. A child, Dumfr.; Isl. pilter, in puellus. 4. Used reference to morals. Sail non be so, quhilk bene of cursit bind. First BILTIE, adj. Thick and clubbish, Lanarks. Psalme, Alex. Scott's Poems, p. 1. V. BIN. BILTINESS, s. Clubbishness, clumsiness, ibid. V. BULTT. BIND-POCK, s. A niggard. "The Scots call a niggardly man, a bind poke." To v. n. Renfr. a of Kelly, p. 219. BIM, To hum, ; variety This term is now apparently obsolete. Sum, q. v. BINDLE, s. The cord or rope that binds BIM, s. The act of buzzing, ibid. any thing, whether made of hemp or of s. That which ibid. BIMMER, hums, straw ; S.

Su.-G. bindel, a headband, a fillet, from bind-as, to To v. n. To move with and BIN, velocity bind. Thus the which a cow is bound in her " rope, by noise ran as fast as he could is called a S. Teut. Isl. ; as, He bin," stall, bindle, bindel, ligamen ; i.e. his Fife bendl-a, concatenare, bend-a cingere. move feet, ; synon. Sinner. Allied perhaps to Isl. bein-a, expedire, negotium pro- BINDWEED, s. Ragwort, S. movere, beina ferd, iter adjuvare, dirigere, (whence "Some of the prevailing weeds in meadows and it beam, directus, also profectus) ; unless should rather grass lands are, rag-wort, or hind-weed, senecio jaco- be traced to Isl. and Alem. bein, crus, which Ihre de- bea," &c. Wilson's Renfrews. p. 136. V. BUNWEDE. duces from Gr. (Jaiv-w, gradior, the legs being the in- struments of walking. BINDWOOD, s. The vulgar name for ivy, a sort of ''Sin thae S.; Hedera helix, Linn.; pron. binwud. BIN, imprecation ; as, Denominated, perhaps, from the strong hold that it biting clegs ;" used when one is harassed by takes of a wall, a rock, trees, &c. the u'ood. Perths. q. binding horse-flies, Our term seems merely an inversion of E. woodbind, Apparently, "Sorrow be in," or some term of a which has been rendered Terebinthus, or the Turpen- tine but as Skinner similar signification. tree, Somner; observes, improperly. He expl. it as signifying the honey-suckle, Caprifolium, BIN, s. Key, humour, Aberd. or Lonicera periclymenum. He adds, however, that BIN [191] BIN

" " vjude-binde is not absurdly rendered by Aelfric, and hedera was given to this plant from hteduo, a kid, for perhaps according to the use of the term in his time, it inutH/ilieth milke in goates that eate thereof, and with ffedera, for this embraces the trees like a bandage." that milke kids be fed and nourished." Batman vppon Etym. Gen. Bartholome, Lib. xvii. c. 53. Now, it seems evident, that Aelfric has given the proper definition. By hedera nigra, it appears that ivy BING, s. 1. A heap, in general. is meant. The reason of the name, Skinner, given by Ye raycht haue sene thaym haist like emotis grete, much better to this than to -suckle. applies honey Ivy, Quhen thay depulye the niekil bing of quliete, in some of is called bind- parts K., by the peasantry And in thare byik it caryis al and sum. wood. Doug. Virgil, 113. 49. It is the same which is written benwood. probably Thair saw we mouy wrangoua couquerouris, the of on "Anciently, opposite bank Oxnam water, Withouttin richt reiffaris of vtheris ringis. the W., was covered with wood, denominated benwood, The men of kirk lay boundin into binyis. and is said to have been the rendezvous of the inhabi- Lyndtay's Warki3, 1692, p. 230. to the the tants, oppose English freebooters, when This, as far as I know, is the only sense in which it watchword was a P. benwoody." Oxnam, Boxburghs. is now used S., as denoting a heap of grain. Statist. Ace. xi. 330, N. Common or woodbine, is in Isl. de- 2. of honeysuckle, A pile wood ; immediately as a nominated designed beinwid, Ossea pericliminis species, Verel. funeral Sw. beenwed. Linn. Flor. Suec. No. 138. From the pile. Lat. officinal, as well as from the Isl. and Sw. names, The grete bing was vpbeildit wele, Of aik treis aud it seems to have received its denomination, in the fyrren schydis dry, the secrete vnder the North of Europe, for a different reason from that Wythin cloys, sky. Doug. Virgil, 117. 43. Pyra, VirgiL suggested above. For beinwid is literally bone-wood ; " and osnea has the same allusion. The name must 3. A inclosure or made therefore have been because of the hardness temporary repository imposed of or straw for contain- of the wood, which, as Linn, observes, renders it very boards, twigs, ropes, acceptable to turners, and to butchers for small broches. ing grain or such like." Gl. Sibb., where it G. Andr. expl. beinwide, carpinus, lignum durum, q. is also written binne. os ; p. 26. Dan. Isl. It may be observed, however, that bind is the usual bing, Sw. binge, bing-r, cumulus. As term in for Alem. piga, acervus, and Germ, provincial E. the tendrils of a plant ; as, pigo, signify beige, whence holz strues holz the Strawberry-6/n

Win fast be and be nocht lidder : tyme ; BINKIE, adj. Gaudy, trimly dressed, Tweedd. For wit them weil, Hal binks ar ay slidder. As Dinkie is it is that binkie is a Thairfoir now, quhither wrang it be or richt, synon., probable the denk or Now gadder fast, quhil we have tyme and micht. corruption ; original word being dink. Priests of Peblis, p. 24. BINN sheaves), s. The whole of the This is the common language of courtiers, and con- (of tains an old proverb expressive of the uncertainty of reapers employed on the harvest-field, S. court-favour. V. BEN-INNO. If not a change from Boon, perhaps contracted from "Start at a straw, and o'er a bint." S. Prov. C. B. loup bydhin, turma, a troop, a company ; Lhuyd. Kelly, p. 288. BINNA, v. subst. with the negative affixed. Be 2. A wooden fixed to the wall of a frame, not, for be na, S. " house, for holding plates, bowls, spoons, &c. I wish binna to learn the of ye beginning way " Ang. It is also called a Plate-rack; S. blowing in a woman's lug, wi' a' your whilly-wha's. Tales of Landlord, ii. 105. We have it in a manuscript : my "Gin it binna that butler has been The good-man keeps it, as we think, body again " either or fa'n awal i'. the stramash. Saint Behind a dish, upon the bink. dung owre Colvil's Mock Poem, p. 64. Patrick, ii. 266. V. CANNA. This is most probably an oblique sense of the same " The BINNA, BINNAE, prep. Except ; as, term which signifies a bench, v. BENK. " folk a' Lanarks. He has mair sense than to ca' ony thing about the are cum, binnae twa-three," his fra the rooftree down to a crackit bigging ain, "They are wonderfu' surprised, to see no crowd trencher on the bink." ii. 281. Antiquary, gathering, binna a wheen o' the town's bairns, that had In this sense are to understand the perhaps we come out to look at their ainsells." Reg. Dalton, i. following words : 193. "Ane veschell bynk, the price viij sh." Aberd. Reg. This is an tenn, and must be resolved into " elliptical A. 1545, V. 19. i.e. a frame for holding vessels. if it be not."

3. The long seat beside the fire in a country- BINNE, s. A temporary inclosure for pre- house, S. B. serving grain, South of S. V. BiNG, sense 3. turff the A lay beekin yont bink A.-S. binne, praesepe ; Teut. benne, mactra (a hutch), To toast his taes. area sive currus Fest. frosty panaria ; L. B. benna, vehiculum ; Tarras's Poems, p. 45. To BINNER, v. n. 1. To move with velocity, . The side of the lone &c. BINK-SIDE, seat, at the same time including the idea of the S. B. sound made by this kind of motion. A Lat hail or drift on or winnocks lums, flaff, wheel is said to binner, when going round He held the bink-side in an endless gauff. with and a Tarras's Poems, p. 6. rapidity, emitting humming sound, Aberd., Mearns, Fife, Lanarks. s. A hive ; Bee-Bink, a nest or hive BINK, birl. of bees a hive of Synon. Bicker, ; wasp-link, wasps, Loth. Roxb. 2. To run, or gallop, conjoining the ideas of " and Aberd. Mearns. I'm no sic a colt as prefer the sour east wuns, that quickness carelessness, meet us at the o' on our bare of : fleet skeigh [skreigh] day Most probably C. B. origin Buanawr, swift, ; lees, to the saft south-wasters and loun enclosures id. buanred, rapid ; from buan, Owen. here but ; ye'r folks, sur, ar perfect deevils, and keep tormenting me like a bink o' harried wasps." Edin. BINNER, BINNEKIN, s. A bickering noise, Star, Feb. 7, 1823. S.B. This might seem to be merely a corr. of Bike, id. But Kilian bie-bancke as old Teut. A brattlin' band unhappily, gives signifying 1 Drave by him wi a binner ; apiarium. And heels-o'er-goudie coupit he, And rave his guid horn penner BINK, s. 1. A bank, an acclivity, S. B. In bits that day Nae fowles of now thae binks effect, amange Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 127. Biggs nor abides. Evergreen, ii. 63. An' Gammach truly thought a wonder, Up thro' the cleughs, where bink on bink was set, The fabrick didna tumble, Scrambling wi' hands and feet she taks the gait. Wi' monie a binner and awfu' lunder, Ross's Helenore, p. 64. They hard dioT skip and rumble. Wachter observes that Germ, bank, Su.-G. baenk, D. Anderson's Poems, p. 124. V. BIN. r. denote any kind of eminence. This is perhaps the BINWEED. V. BUNWEDE. origin of the application of this term to a bench, q. a seat that is raised. V. BENK. " There's BYOUS, adj. Extraordinary ; as, fine 2. Bink of a peat-moss, the perpendicular part byous weather," remarkably weather, Aberd. of a moss, opposite to which a labourer Clydes., Loth., I can form no rational as to the stands, and from which he cuts the peats, conjecture origin ; although it has sometimes occurred, that it might be i.e. the bank, Ayrs. a sort of anomalous adj., formed in vulgar conversa- "They work, or they oblige others to work, the peat tion, from the prep, by, signifying beyond, or denot- bink with order and Stat. Ace. P. Fen- excess as the same idea is sometimes thus ex- regularity." ing " ; wick, xiv. 66. pressed, That's by the byes," S. V. BIAS. BYO [193] BYR

adv. in a The kin^ Brous, Very, great degree ; as, Burd Isbel was her ' name"; byous Jionnie, very handsome; byous hungry, And she has to the prison gane, To hear the mane. Ibid. ii. 127. very hungry, Aberd., Loth., Clydes. prisoner's This seems to be the " song referred to by Lord Hailes. adv. lie As bridde is the word used Chaucer for it is BTOUSLIE, Extraordinarily ; as, by bird, merely the A.-S. term for Somner was byouslie gude this morning." Loth., pullus, pullulus. thinks that the letter r is transposed. But this may Clydes. have been the original form of the word, from bred-an, to breed. Bird, as applied to a damsel, is merely the . A BYOUTOUR, BOOTYER, gormandizer, common term used in a metaph. sense. a uses glutton, Renfr., Bootyert, Stirlings. ; per- Langland byrde. haps a metaph. use of Boytour, the S. name Mercy hyght that mayde, a meke thyng withall, A full benigne byrde and buxcome of of the from its speche. bittern, supposed voracity. P. Ploughman, Fol. 98, b. BYPASSING, >. Lapse. 2. Used, also metaph., to denote the young of " And faill at the of everie ane of of the lox. V. giff they liypaeritig " quadrupeds, particularly the sa i < 1 1 s termes, to denunce and eschete, &c. Acts TOD'S BIRDS. Ja. VI. 1621, Ed. 1814, p. 603. BIRD, BURD, g. Offspring. This term seems BY-PAST, adj. Past. This Dr. Johns, " however, to be always used in a bad sense, reckons a term of the Scotch dialect." as the brood of a witch witch-burd, supposed ; BYPTICIT. whores-burd, Loth. It has been vo. Tod's that Verel. Syne in a field of siluer, secound he bciris observed, Birds, ardent of that ettiles BO he Isl. as Ane Egill air, ; gives byrd denoting nativitas, genus, famitia ; All of sable the self, quha the suth leiris, and I am confirmed in the idea, that our term, as thus The beke byptictt bryme of that ilk ble. applied, is not a figurative sense of E. bird, avis, but ii. 4. MS. Houlate, refers to birth, especially as the Isl. term is given by Haldorson in the form of "Steeps, two-headed," Pink. But a considerable burd-r, and rendered partus ; is to this uativitas. transposition necessary support etymon ; and the sense is not less dissonant. The beak of this BYRD, v. imp. It behoved, it became. eagle could with no propriety be called two-headed. It Than thai God all certainly means dipped or dyed, from Lat. bnptizo. lovyt fast, weikiand, That thai thair lord fand hale and fer : "The beak was deeply of the some colour with " dyed And thaim on na maner the body of the fowl. said, byrd Dred thair fayis, sen thair chyftane s. Force. I find that Isl. Wes off sic hart, and off sic mayn, BIR, BIRR, t>yr, That he for thaim had wndretan expl. ventus ferens, is deduced from ber-a With swa fele for to fecht ane. Barbour, vi. 316. MS. ferre ; Gl. Ed. Saem. V. BEIR. In editions it to fecht allane. But all is It seems, however, doubtful whether this is, wanting very ought in MS. I have not observed that it occurs where to be viewed as the same with noise any BEIR, ; especially else in the same sense ; and am therefore at a loss, as Vir, Virr, the term denoting force, Aberd. has great whether to view it as an error of the early transcriber, appearance of affinity to Isl. fioer, life, vigour. or as a solitary proof that ane was sometimes used in the of sense only, like Su.-G. en, which not only signi- BIRD, BEIRD, . 1. A a BRID, BURD, lady, fies one, but unicus, solus. Moes-G. aiax bore the damsel. same signification. Afiddia aftra in fairguni is ains ; of that maid He into a mountain himself Job. Gromys garisoune gamyn and gle ; departed again alone; vi. 15. And ledis lotit thair lord, lufly of lyere. A.-S. an occurs in the same sense. Nis nan Beirdis beildit in blise, brightest of ble. mann god, but-on God ana ; There is no one good, but Oawan and Qol. iv. 12, x. God only ; Mark 18. Also Alem. and Isl. tin, id. i. e. "Ladies, the fairest of their sheltered them- Mr. Pink, mentions Byrd, in Gl. without an ex- sex, " selves in bliss." Similar is the phrase beilding of planation. In edit. 1620 the phrase is altered to blis." V. BEILD. And said they would in no maner So with birds bailis blythly my beit. The sense is, "It became them in nowise to fear 132. V. BKIT. Banndtyne 1'oems, p. their foes." A.-S. byreth, pertinet. Tha the ne "Bride, is used in Chaucer for bird, and bride for a byrede, ne wots gelaefed him to etanne; Quos non lice- mistress. In an old Scottish song, Bunl Imbel means bat ei edere, Matth. xii. 4. a young lady named Isabella. Burd is still used as an It occurs also in Joh. iv. 4. Him gebyrode that of to he sceolde thurh Samaria-land appellation complacency by superiors women of faran ; literally, It be- lower degree. Mersar, p. 157, speaks of "birdis bricht hoved him to fare or pass through Samaria. in bowris," by which he means young women in their This imp. v. may have been formed from byr-am, chambers." Lord Hailes, Notes to Bann. Poems. ber-an, to carry, or may be viewed as nearly allied te We observe that James I. for it. Hence may wrote brid bird, bireth, gestavit ; gebaer-an, ae gerere, to avis. behave one's self; Su.-G. beara, id., whence atbaerd, Anil Germ, ye fresch May, ay mereifull to bridis, behaviour, deportment ; herd, ge-baerd, id., Now welcuui be, ye floure of monethis all. sieh berd-en, gestum facere. Waehter, however, de- Kinifa

Burd is used in the same sense by R. Brunne. His office is different from that of the person who Sir him Then said Henry, nedes burd wende lays the provender before the cows, and keeps them To France & Norraundie, to witte a eude. certeyn clean. He is called the Oow-baillie, ibid. The byre- Chron. 135. p. man is also called the Clushet, Liddesd., Annand. The folk was of mete thei had mykelle & strong, grete "At Ladykirk, Berwickshire, Richard Steele, Mr. nede, Heriot's byreman, being in a field where a bull and Tham burd departe ther throng, that londe mot tham not cows were pasturing, the bull attacked him, and the fede. Ibid. p. 280. unfortunate man was found soon after, by the shepherd, To treus on alle wise him burd grant thertille. r dreadfully bruised," &c. Edin . Correspondent, June Ibid. 195. p. 4, 1814. Hearne very oddly conjectures that A.-S. burthen, onus, may be the origin. BIRGET THREAD, BIRGES THREED. "Item, 5 belts of blew and white thread." BIRD and a used to denote in- birget JOE, phrase Invent. Sacerdotal Vestments, A. 1559. Hay's Scotia timacy or familiarity. Sitting bird and joe, Sacra, MS. p. 189. "Threed called the dozen ix sitting cheek by jowl, like Darby and Joan; Birges threed, pound, 1." Rates, A. vo. Threed. s. 1611, "Bridges, Outnil and Hollands white thread," &c. A. The original application was probably to two lovers ; Rates, 1670. bird denoting the female, and joe her admirer. These all appear to be corruptions of the name of Bruges in Flanders. BIRDIE, s. A dimin. from E. bird, S.

A' birdies lilt in s. a tree S. Betula the tunefu' meed. BIRK, Birch, ; alba, Tarras's Poems, p. 2. Linn. S. Grete eschin stokkis tumbillis to the BIRD-MOUTH'D, adj. Mealy-mouthed, ground ; " With wedgeis schidit gaa the birkis sound. Ye're o'er bird-mouth'd ;" Ramsay's S. Prov. p. 86. " Doug. Virgil, 169. 20. Ye must let him hear it, to say so, upon both the A.-S. birc, Isl. biorki, Teut. berck, id. sides of his head, when he hideth himself : it is not It deserve to be mentioned, that in the Runic, time then to be birdmouth'd and patient." Ruth. may or old Isl., alphabet, in which all the letters have sig- Lett. P. i. ep. 27. nificant names, the second is denominated Biarkann, * that the The name have BIRDS, s. pi. A' the Birds in the Air, a is, birch-leaf. may originated from some supposed resemblance of the form, in which children, S. play among the letter B was anciently written, to this leaf, or to "A' the Birds in the and A' the the the tree in full first letter ia Air, Days of foliage ; as the called Aar, as well as the Week, are also common games, Skipping- the produce of the year, as exhibiting the form of an rope and Honey-pots." Blackw. Mag. Aug. 1821, p. erect plough, or, as some say, the ploughshare, to 36. which, under Providence, we are especially indebted for this produce. V. G. Audr. and Junii Alphab. BIRD'S-NEST, s. Wild carrot, Daucus Runic. carota, Linn. It is a singular coincidence, not only that in the ' ' ancient Irish the name of some tree is as- Young children are sometimes poisoned by the alphabet, to each V. Astle's and of common hemlock, which they are apt to mistake for signed letter, Orig. Progr. 122 ; but that the name of the second, the wild carrot, daucus carrota Linnsei, (sometimes Writing, p. to i.e. B, is beit, which, in the form of beith, at least, de- called bird's nest in the lowlands of Scotland, ) which notes a birch. its top and roots bear some resemblance." Agr. Surv. Hebrid. p. 313. BIRKIE, adj. Abounding with birches, S. BIRDING, s. Burden, load. s. A knoll covered with birches, Allace ! the heuy birdiny of wardly gere, BIRK-KNOWE, That neuir houre may suffir nor promyt S. Thare possessoure in rest nor pece to sit. " It was that she herself her Doug. Virgil, 459. 42. plain, thought herding sheep in the green silent pastures, and sitting wrapped A.-S. byrthen, Dan. byrde. V. BIRTH, BYRTH. in her plaid upon the lown and sunny side of the irk- and 38. BYRE, s. Cowhouse, S. knowe. Lights Shadows, p. his our firthis and The king faris with folk, fellis, BIKKEN, or to Withoutin beilding of blis, of bern, or of byre. BIRKIN, adj. Of, belonging Gol. i. 3. Gawan and birch ; S. a cow to the ha', and she will rin to the Birkiu bewis, about and wellis. "Bring" boggia 3. byre ; Ferguson's S. Prov. p. 8. Gavxm and Gol. i. The is uncertain. But it is allied to origin perhaps This is the reading, ed. 1508. Franc, a Su.-G. byr, a buer, cottage; byre, village; Ane young man stert in to that steid Germ, bauer, habitaculum, cavea ; from Su.-G. bo, Als cant as ony colt, dwell. Isl. bur is rendered domus bu-a, to penuarium, Ane birkin hat upon his heid, a house of G. Andr. Or it penuarium ; provision ; With ane bow and ane bolt. id. be a derivative from Isl. bu, a cow ; Gael, bo, Peblis to the Play, st. 6. may" a cowhouse, Cumb." Grose. Byer, This seems to mean a hat made of the bark of birch ; of that this term It is perhaps worthy observation, A.-S. beorcen, id. has been traced to 0. Fr. bouverie, a stall for oxen, from Birken chaplets not a few an ox. ban/, And yellow broom Athwart the scented welkin threw s. A male servant who cleans the BYREMAN, A rich perfume. on a Berwicks. Siller 28. byre or cow-house farm, Mayne's Gun, p. I: [ R BIR

The wine thar with in veschell and To BIRK, v. n. To give a tart answer, to grete small, Quhilk to him gaif Acestes his rial hoist, converse in a and S. sharp cutting way ; To thame he birlis. and skynkis fast but were, And with sic wordis comfortis thare chere. A.-S. birc-an, beorc-an, to bark, q. of a snarling drery humour. Hence, Doug. Virgil, 19. 9. Dividit, Virg. Than younjj men walit, besy here and thare, BIRKIE, adj. 1. Tart in speech, S. The 1 ink in brede of baskettis temys in hye, And wynis birlis into grete 2. plent. Lively, spirited, mettlesome, Ayrs. Ibid. 247. 6. "There was a drummer- laddie, with a Waterloo Bacchum ministrant, Virg. crown hinging at his bosom, and I made up to him, or 2. To with drink. rather I should say, he made up to me, for he was a ply gleg and birJcy callan, no to be set down by a look or a She birled him with the ale and wine, word." The Steam-boat, 38. As sat down to ; " p. they sup Kate, being a nimble and birky thing, was useful A living man he laid him down, But I to the lady, and to the complaining man the major." wot he ne'er rose up. ii. 45. Ann. of the Par. p. 40. Minstrelsy Border, O she has birled these merry young men 1. BIRKY, a. A lively young fellow; a per- With the ale but and the wine, Until were as drunk son of mettle; S. they deadly As any wild wood swine. Hid. p. 84. But I, like birky, stood the brunt, An' slocken'd out that gleed, 3. To drink plentifully, S. This is perhaps Wi' muckle virr and I ; syne gar'd the sense in the The limmers tak the speed, following passage. Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 2. In the myddis of the mekill hall birle the wine in honour of Bachus. In days of auld, when we had kings Thay 46. And nobles bauld, and other things, Doug. Virgil, 79. and " As camps, courts, and kirks, and quears, To birle; to drink cheerfully, to carouse." Sir J. And birkies for our forebears : bauld, Sinclair, p. 80. They fought it fairly, tho' they fell. Galloway's Poems, p. 123, 124. 4. To club money for the purpose of procuring " drink. I'll birle I will con- 2. Auld Birky, ''In conversation, analogous my bawbie," tribute share of the S. to old Boy," Gl. Shirr. my expense ; Now settled and keen Spoke like ye'rsell, auld birky ; never fear gossies sat, Did for fresh bickers But at your banquet I shall first appear. birle; While the swankies on the Ramsay s Poems, ii. 92. young green Take round a tirle. Allied to Isl. merry perhaps berlc-ia, jactare, to boast ; or Ramsay's Poems, i. 262. biarg-a, opitulari, q. one able to give assistance. It deserve Thy soothing sangs bring cauker'd carles to ease, may notice, however, that Su.-G. birke signifies Some loups to butter's pipe, some birls babies. a town or Hence the laws of city. Biarkeyar riettir, Ibid, it 390. cities, as contrasted with Lands loegum, the provincial In Isl. it is used in first sense the ; byrl-a, infundere, laws, or those of the country. Could we suppose this miscere potum. In A.-S. it occurs in sense third, term to have been general among the Gothic nations, biril-ian, birl-ian, haurire. Hence byrle, a butler. Isl. as indeed it is evidently the same with A.-S. byrig, our byrlar, id. Birle, E. has the same signification. whence burgh, borough ; it might naturally enough p. be Thus, in a poetical translation, by Layamon, of imagined, that one, who had been bred in a city, would Ware's Brut, which is supposed to have been made be distinguished by country people by some about the we have these lines : such term as this. year 1185, An other half, was Beduer, BIRKIE, BIRKY, s. A childish game at Thas kinges haeg birle. i.e. "On the other side was the cards, in which the players throw down a Beduer, king's high card butler." Ellis Spec. i. 65. Isl. byrl-a has been deduced alternately. two ; and the Only play from bioerr, cerevisia, also, denoting any liquor of a who throws down the person highest takes superior kind. V. Gl. Edd. This, again, is most pro- from Moes-G. the up the trick, S. In E. it is called Beggar- bably bar, hordeum, grain from which beer is made. my-neighbour. " To v. n. To drink in S. But Bucklaw cared no more about riding the first BIRL, society, and that sort horse, of thing, than he, Craigengelt, did "And then ganging majoring to the piper's Howff about a at game birkie." Bride of Lam. ii. 176. wi' a' the idle loons in the country, and sitting there "It an was understood thing that not only Whist birling, at your uncle's cost nae doubt, wi' a' the scaff and Catch " Honours were to be played, but even ob- and raff o' the water-side, &c. Tales of my Landlord, streperous Birky itself for the diversion of such of the ii. 104. company as were not used to gambling games." Ayrs. " v. n. 1. a noise like Legatees, p. 49. To BIRL, To make a Of this there are said game to be two kinds, King's cart driving over stones, or mill-stones at Birkie and Common Birkir. work." It denotes a constant From Isl. drilling sound. berk-ia to boast ; because the one rivals his antagonist with his card. S. V. under BIRR, r. And how it cheers the herd at een, To BIRL, v. a. I. This word BIRLE, prim- And sets his heart-strings dirlin, arily the comiu frae the signifies act of pouring out, or fur- When, hungry hill, He hears the qtiernie ' nishing drink for or of it guests, parting Jamieson's Popular Ball, it 356, them. among This respects the use of the hand-mill. BIR [196] BIR

The temper pin she gi'es a tirl, the whole amounted to sixteen thousand eggs." Mar- An' spins but slow, yet seems to birl. tin's St. Kilda, p. 12. Morison's Poems, p. 6. According to my information, it is written in Gael. bhuirlin. 2. Used to denote motion in [Blrlinn.] improperly, quick "The Laird of Balcomy being lanched a little from walking; Loth. the coast, was suddenly invaded by Murdoch Mack- lowd [of Lewis] with a number of BMings, (so they Flandr. borl-en to vociferate ; clamare, vo- signifies call the little vessels those Isles men ciferari brull-en to use)." Spots- ; and low, to bray ; mugire, boare, wood, p. 466, 467. rudere, Kilian. But birl seems to be a dimin. from " Sea engagements with Birlins were very common the v. Birr, used in the same sense, formed by means in the Highlands till of late. Lymphad, or Galley, of the letter I, a common note of diminution. Dr. was the same with Long-fhad (long-ship), or Sirlin." Johnson has observed, that "if there be an I, as in M'Nicol's Remarks, p. 157. jingle, tingle, tinkle, hoy-fence." Agr. Loth. 192. duced by some fanners." P. Douglas, Lanarks. Ibid, p. viii. 80. This, notwithstanding the slight transposition, for the is the same It seems to have received its name from its softening pronunciation, undoubtedly supposed Su. -G. with brun, vertex montis, praecipitium ; whence resemblance to barley. aa-bryn, margo amnis. Isl. bryn and brun signify super- in s. loaf of bread S. B. cilium a general sense ; Verel. Supercilium et similis BIRLIE, A ; eminentia, in quavis re veluti in mensa, monte, &c., s. G. Andr. Ora eminentia Haldorson. Ihre views the BIRLIE-MAN, One who estimates or ; Isl. v. brun-a, sese tollere in altum, as allied ; and also assesses damages, a parish-arbiter, a referee, Armor, bron, collis. Davies and Lhuyd render collis South of S. by C. B. bryn. W. Richards and Owen both expl. " hill." Thus it that the in this Birly-man, birlie-man," is also expl. "the petty bryn, "a appears term, was common to the Goths and Celts. officer of a burgh of barony ;" Gl. Antiquary. sense, "He wad scroll for a the or she kend plack sheet, To BIRN to them on a it was to want if must all from Lambs, put poor dry what ; they pass my master's child to Inch-Grabbit, wha's a Whig and a pasture, S. A. and be his Jamie " Hanoverian, managed by doer, Howie, Lambs, immediately after they are weaned, are wha's no fit to be a let be a baillie." Waver- birlie-man, frequently sent to poor pasture, which is called birninq ii. 297. V. BDRLAW. ley, .them." Agr. Surv. Peeb. p. 396. BIRLIN, s. A long-oared boat, of the largest BIRNY, adj. 1. Covered with the scorched size, often with six, sometimes with eight stems of heath that has been set on tire, S. oars; generally used by the chieftains in the As o'er the birny brae mayhap he wheels, The Unties cour wi' fear. Western Islands. It seldom had sails. Davidson's Seasons, p. 4. "We had the after three weeks residence, curiosity 2. a or stunted stem; to make a calcule of the number of eggs bestowed upon Having rough applied to Loth. those of our boat, and the Stewart's Sirlin, or Galley ; plants, BIR [197] BIR

The idea is evidently borrowed from the appearance My birn, Bess, has got an unco lift. of birns, or the steins of burnt heath, furze, &c. V. :fs' Poems, p. 84. BIRNS, . pi. Shall we view this as an oblique sense of birn, ex- plained above, as applied to a burden of any kind, in BIRN, s. The or rather the labia matrix, pu- allusion to that of a whole beast ; or consider it as an denda of a cow. abbreviation of A.-S. byrthen, burden? It rather seems allied to C. B. Allied to Isl. brvnd-ur, coeundi bii?rn, onus, byrnia, perhaps pecudum onerare Davies. inire C. B. ; actus, et appetitus ; G. Andr. bry, matrix, vulva. BIRNIE, BYRNIE, s. A corslet, a brigandine.

He his habirihone : BIRN, BIRNK, s. 1. A burnt mark; S. claspis gilt thrinfald He in his breistplait strang and his birnye, "That no barrel be sooner made and blown, but the Ane souir sweru beltis law donn by his the. birn be set thereon on the staff thereof, coupers tapone Dong. Virgil, 230. 44. ill testimony of the sufficiency of the Tree." Acts Strictly, it seems to have denoted armour for Charles II. 1661. c. 33. light the fore of the it is part body ; as distinguished from the habirihone or coat of mail. Here indeed it is most 2. A mark burnt on the noses of sheep, S. probably added as expletive of breistplale. 1 ' About the or towards the middle of July, beginning, Vossius supposes that it may also signify an helmet, the lambs, intended for stock, are weaned, holding like A.-S. brynn, galea. But of this there is no evidence. when receive the artificial marks to they distinguish Neither Somner, Benson, nor Lye, so much as mention to whom which are, the farmer's initial, they belong, A.-S. brynn, galea. the nose with a hot iron, provincially stamped upon A.-S. byrn, byrna, Isl. bryn, brynia, brignia, Franc. the birn." Surv. Peeb. 191. designed Agr. p. brun, brunja, Sw. bringa, Germ, brun, L. B. brunia, lorica munimentum 3. SKIN AND BIRN, a common phrase, denot- brynia ; thorax, ; pectoris, Wach- ter. G. Andr. derives Isl. from the whole of or of number brignia brun, niger, ing any thing, any because of the dark colour of the armour; Wachter, of or S. persons things ; Germ, brun from Celt, brun, the breast. Verel. men- tions Isl. which would Now a' thegither, skin an' birn, bringa, pectus ; certainly have They're round the kitchen table. been a better etymon for G. Andr. than that which lie A. Douglas's Poems, p. 143. has adopted. "That all beif, muttoun, weill, and lyke bestiall s. the stems of slane or presentit to fre burrowis or fre mercatis bring BIRNS, pi. Roots, stronger with thame in all tymes cummyng thair hyde, akin, and burnt heath, which remain after the smaller vnder the of confiscation!!." Acts birne, pane Marie, are consumed S. 1563. c. 21. Edit. 1566. twigs ; from Skinner views the word as synon. with skin. But it Some starting their sleep were sore affrighted, Others had both their sense and : denotes the burnt mark on the horn or skin of a beast, eyes benighted Some muirlaud men, they say, were kirns, by which the owner could distinguish and claim it as scumming And some were toasting bannocks at the birns. his own. The phrase may have originated from the Pennecuik's Poems, 1715, p. 25. following custom. Formerly in S. many, who had the When corns grew yellow, and the heatherbells charge of flocks, were denominated Bow-shepherds. A Bloom'd on the moor and rising fells, shepherd of this description had a free house allowed bonuy Nae birns, or briers, or whins, e'er troubled me, and a certain number of bolls, S. bows, of meal, him, Gif I could find blaeberries ripe for thee. as he could make his for according bargain, watching Ramsay's Poems, ii. 107. also over the sheep of another. He enjoyed the privi- A.-S. byrn, incendium. lege of having a small flock of his own. All this was under the that he should be ac- s. Force. V. BEIR. express stipulation, BIRR, countable for any of his master's sheep that might be To i'. n. 1. To make a lost and be if could to BIRR, whirring noise, ; obliged, he not produce them, an number of his own. in their stead. in the same with S. give equal especially motion; birle, Those to his master were all marked in the belonging Ane grete staf sloung birraiid with felloun wecht horn, or elsewhere, with a burning iron. The phrase Hynt Mezentius in use was, that, at such a time, all his sheep were to 298. 21. V. BEIR, *. " " Doug. Virgil, be produced skin and birn ; that is, entire, as they Rejoice, ye birring paitricks a'; had been delivered to the and with no craw shepherd, Ye cootie moorcocks, crousely ; diminution of their number. Your mortal flae is now awa', The word is evidently from A.-S. byrn, burning, and Tarn Samson's dead. Burns, iii. 119. still denotes the whole carcase of an occasionally animal, It is very often used to denote that of a spinning S. It is, however, more commonly used in the metaph. wheel.

sense mentioned above as : ; by Ramsay "The servan' lasses, lazy sluts, would like nothing The smith's wife her black better than to live at heck and but I trow deary sought, manger ; skin birn. And fand him and Girzy gars them keep a trig house and a birring wheel." i. 276. Poems, The Entail, i. 49, 50. BIRN, s. A burden, S. B. 2. To be in a state of confusion, S. B. Here about we'll bide. The swankies lap thro' mire and syke, Till come back birn ye ; your ye may lay down, . Wow as their heads did birr 1 For will be the better bown. rinning ye Christmas Ba'ing, Skinner's Misc. Poet. p. 123. Ross's Helenore, p. 54. Here it seems to signify the confusion in the head To one's birn a to assist him in a strait. gie hitch, caused by violent exercise. Tho' he bans me, I wish him well, We'll s. "The sound of a may be meet again ; BIRR, BIRL, whizzing I'll his birn a gie hitch, an' help spinning wheel, or of any other machine, in To ease him o' his pain. Gl. Surv. Nairn. Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 32. rapid gyration." BIR [198] BIR

s. The noise 2. To or drive to birse to S. BIRRING, made by partridges push ; in, push in, when they spring, S. For they're ay birsing in their spurs Whare they can get them. BIRS, BIRSS, a. The gad-fly, Roxb. Shirrefs' Poems, p. 348. A.-S. Ir. Fr. E. breeze, brize; Ital. brissio, A.-S. brimsa. brys-an, Belg. brys-en; bris-im; bris-er, id. BIRS, BIRSE, BYRSS, BIRSSIS, s. 1. A " 3. To press, to squeeze, S. bristle, a sow's birse," the bristle of a sow, S. BIRSE, BRIZE, s. 1. A bruise, S. " brother has met wi' a severe birz and contusion, Sum byts the birs i. 119. My and he's in a roving fever." Sir A. Wylie, iii. 292. The hartis than and myndis of our menye not be on Mycht satisfyit him to luke and se, 2. The act of often used to pressing ; denote As to behald his ouglie ene twane, the made a crowd " The rouch birssis on the breist and creist pressure by ; as, We had Of that monstrous half dele wylde beist. an awfu' birse" S. Doug. Virgil, 250. 30. 2. for Metaph. the beard. To BIRSE up, v. a. To press upwards, Aberd. " Mony of thame lackit beirds, and that was the The following lines, transmitted by an Aberdonian mair and thairfoir could pietie [pity ;] not buckill uther correspondent, are worthy of preservation : be the as sum bauld men wauld have done." byrss, There I saw Sisyphus, wi' muckle wae, Knox, 51. In one MS. birsis. a stane a Birzing heavy up high brae ;

Wi' baith his and baith his vow ! 3. for the indication of or dis- hands, feet, Metaph. rage strives to raise it He up aboon the know ; pleasure. "To set up one's birss," to put But fan it's amaist up, back wi' a dird Doon stots the stane, and thumps upo' the yerd. one in a rage. The birse is also said to rise, Part of a Translation from, Homer's Odyssey. when one's temper becomes warm, in allusion To BIRSLE, BIRSTLE, BRISSLE, v. a. 1. To to animals fenced with bristles, that defend burn slightly, to broil, to parch by means of themselves, or express their rage in this fire to birsle S. way, S. ; as, pease, The battellis war ' ' adionit now of new, He was wont to as in as profess ordinarily private, Not in manere of landwart folkis bargane, he in that he knew neither spake openly public, scrip- Nor blunt styngis of the brissillit tre. ture, reason nor for albeit antiquitie kneeling ; now Doug. Virgil, 226. 3. his birse rise when he heareth the and for one, cloking They stow'd him up intill a seek, the other, his hath into o'er pen changed for inforce." And the horse oack brook his neck ; Course of 153. Conformitie, p. Syne birstled they him upon the kill, Till he was bane for the mill. Now that I've gotten Geordy's birse set up, dry Allan o' Jamieson's Ball. ii. 238. I'm thinking Bessy's pride will dree a fup. Maut, Popul. Shirrefs' Poems, p. 89. i.e. as dry as bones. The sowter gave the sow a kiss, 2. scorch to of the Humph, quoth she, its for a birse. To ; referring the heat " S. Proverb, spoken of those whose service we suppose sun, S. to be 338. mercenary." Kelly, p. Feil echeris of corn thick growing A.-S. byrst, Germ, borst, burst, Su.-G. borst, id. Wyth the new sonnys hete birsillit dois hyng Ihre it derives from burr, a thistle. Sw. naettia up On Hermy feildis in the someris tyde. to one in a 234. 25. borsten, put rage ; borsta sig, to give one's Doug. Virgil, self E. to bristle airs, up. Here we have the true Now when the Dog-day heats begin, origin of the E. brush, both v. and s. For Sw. borst is a To birsle and to peel the skin, brush, borsta, to brush, from borst, seta, a brush being May I lie streekit at my ease, made of bristles. Beneath the caller shady trees, (Far frae the din o' Borrowstown,) s. for BIRSALL, A dye-stuff, perhaps Brasell Whare water plays the haughs bedowu. or Fernando buckwood, Rates, A. 1611. Fergusson's Poems, ii. 105. " Madder, aim, walde, birsall, nutgallis & coprouss 3. To warm at a lively fire, S. [copperas]." Aberd. Reg. A. 1545, V. 19. A. Bor. brusle, id. "To dry; as, The sun brunles

the i.e. dries it : and brusled i.e. To BIRSE, BIRZE, BRIZE, v. a. 1. To bruise, hay, peas, parch'd pease." derives it from Fr. brusler, to to S. Eay scorch, burn. Brasill-er, to broil, would have been more

for evermair ! Alas, natural. But the common origin is Su.-G. brasa, a I should see That thee lying there, fire Isl. lively ; whence brys, ardent heat, and bryis-a, Sae bruis'd and birs'd, sae blak and blae. to act with fervour, ec breisfce, torreo, aduro; A.-S. Watson's Coll. i. 65. .brastl, glowing, brastl-ian, to burn, to make a crackling He smote me doune, and brissit all banis. my noise, which is only the secondary sense, although Police of Honour, iii. 71. given as the primary one, both by Somner and Lye. 0' may"st thou doat on some fair paughty wench, For this noise is the effect of heat. Ihre derives Gr. That ne'er will lout lowan drouth to : thy quench Bpaf-w, ferveo, from the same Goth, source. Fr. Till bris'd beneath the burden, thou cry, dool ! braise, Ital. brasa, burning coals. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 67. "He that schal falle on this s. .1. stoon schal be broken, BIRSLE, BRISSLE, A hasty toasting or but on whom it schal falle it schal also brisenhim." scorching, S. Wiclif, Matt. xxi. Brwe is common in 0. E. 2. Apparently that which is toasted. BIR [190] BIS

" Ye wad hand him up in birsles till the maw o' him with considerable strength." P. Dunnet, Caithn. liim's as fu' as a cout clover." Saint Statist. Ace. xi. 247. N. aiuang Patrick, " ii. 191. These tides carry their waves and billows high, and run with such violence that they cause a contrary 1. S. BIRSSY, adj. Having bristles, rough, motion in the sea adjoining to the land, which they -Men micht se call Easter-birth or its hym aye Wester-birth, according to course ; With liirssy bo

burden ; whence navis oneraria. byrding, The origin The former seems to claim a different origin, and is Isl. ber-a, Su.-G. A.-S. baer-a, ber-an, byr-an, portare. has more affinity to Isl. bysn, a prodigy. V. BYSSYM. The term indeed be viewed as may the third p. sing, s. A what sets indie, of the ; pr. A.-S. v. This is byreth, gestat, (V. BYSET, substitute, Ayrs. q.

; what one beareth Lye) q. or carries. Birth, as de- one by. V. SET by, v. has the same refer- noting propagation, very origin ; to ring the gestation of the parent. V. BUBDING. BISHOP, s. 1. A peevish ill-natured boy, whom it is to in s. A current in the caused impossible keep good BIRTH, sea, by " a Lanarks. humour ; as, canker'd bishop" a furious tide, but a different course taking This has from the ideas enter- from it Orkn. obviously originated ; Caithn. tained the character and conduct of the "The concerning master, finding the current against him, in episcopal clergy, especially during the period of perse- the middle of the firth, when about 8 or 9 miles east cution. In like manner, a silly drivelling fellow is of Dunnet " Head, bore in for the shore, where he fell in often called a Curate ; as he's an unco curate," ibid. with the last of the ebb, called by the people here the It is also used as a nickname to individuals, who are wester birth. The caster birth, setting in, soon reached supposed to talk or act a great deal to little purpose. BIS [200] BYS

"The is a lever or beam made of 2. A weighty piece of wood, with which those Bysmer wood, about three feet and from one end to near the who make level their work, Aberd. long ; causeways middle, it is a cylinder of about three inches diameter, thence it to the which is not above BISHOPEY, s. Episcopacy, government by gently tapers other, one inch in diameter. From the middle, all along this diocesan bishops. smallest end, it is marked with small iron pins at serve to out the "They did protest against bishopry and bishops, unequal distances, which point weight, or and against the erection, confirmation or ratification from one mark to twenty-four, alispund." Barry's thereof." Apologet. Relation, p. 35. Orkney, p. 211. "The instruments they have for the purpose of A.-S. biscoprice, episcopatus. weighing, are a kind of staterae or steel-yards ; they are in number and the one of them is called a BISHOP'S FOOT. It is said the Bishop's two ; and the other a bismar. the first is is S. pundlar, On [are] foot has been in the broth, when it singed, weighed settings and miels, and on the last marks and seems to have had its in times of This phrase origin lispunds." P. Kirkwall, Orkney, Statist. Ace. vii. 563. the had such extensive Popery, when clergy influence, This term is commonly used in Angus, for a steel- could be done without their that hardly any thing yard. interference. Another is similar : phrase very "Scarcely Isl. bismari, besmar, libra, trutina minor ; Leg. can business be marred, without a priest, or a West-Goth, Su.-G. Teut. any " bismare, besman; bosemer, a hand in it. woman, having id. stater ; Kilian. G. Andr. derives this word from This is also used A. Bor. Isl. a of a Rudbeck " phrase bes, part pound weight. supposes The has set his in it, a in the bishop foot saying that besmar is put for bysmark, q. the mark used by a used for milk that is burnt-to in North, boiling. city, according to which the weights of private persons of whenever a Formerly, in days superstition, bishop were adjusted. This conjecture, however, is impro- a town or all the inhabitants because the in all the Northern passed through village, bable ; word, languages,

in order to receive his ; this ran out blessing frequently solely denotes a steel-yard, or artificial instrument for caused the milk on the fire to be left till burnt to the in which weighing ; contradistinction from those give to the above allusion." Gl. vessel, and gave origin the real weight. V. PCNDLAK. Grose. French use the s. 1. bawd. This origin is rather fanciful. The BISMARE, BISMERE, A phrase pas de Clerc, literally, the clergyman's (or for luf this man has clerk's) foot to denote a foolish trick, a gross over- Douchter, thy grete diseis, than Quod the bismere with the slekit speche. sight. Although this rather respects stupidity Doug. Virgil, Prol. 97. 1. evil design, it may have been the origin of our phrase. Good old Tyndale furnishes us with an illustration 2. A lewd in not woman, general. of this phrase : "When a thynge speadeth well, Get ane bismare ane than al is. we borrowe and The Byshope hath blessed barne, hyr blys gane speach saye, Ibid. 238. b. 27. that well that it, because nothynge speadeth they " F. ab A.-S. bismer, contumelia, aut bismerian, medyll wyth all. If the podech [pottage] be burned dehonorare, Rudd. ; "connected to, or the meate ouer rosted, we saye, The Byshope illudere, polluere," with Teut. arnica Gl. Sibb. hath put his fate in thepotte, or, The Byshope hath played perhaps baesinne, ;" the coke, because the byshoppes burn who they lust and BISMER, s. The name given to a species of whosoeuer displeaseth them." Obedyence Chrysteu man, F. 109, a. stickle-back, Orkn. "The Fifteen-spined stickleback ( gasterosteus spina- s. One who is set aside for an BY-SHOT, is here denominated the from chia, Lin. Syst. ) bismer, old maid. the resemblance it is supposed to bear to the weighing instrument of that name." 289. On Fastren's Een, bannocks being baked of the Barry's Orkney, p. which have been into a eggs, previously dropped glass BISMING, BYISMING, BYISNING, BYSENING, amongst water, for divining the weird of the indi-

vidual to whom each is ; she who egg appropriated BYSYNT, adj. Horrible, monstrous. undertakes to bake them, whatever provocation she And Pluto eik the fader of that se may receive, must remain speechless during the whole Reputtis that bisming belch hatefull to se. operation. "If she cannot restrain her loquacity, she Doug. Virgil, 217. 45. is in of the of a by-shot, i.e. a danger bearing" reproach one shot or side. V. The fury Alecto is here described. hopeless maid ; q. pushed Tarras's Poems, p. 72. N. Ane grete spere At the syde of that bisning beist threw he. BYSYNT, adj. Monstrous, Wynt. V. Bis- Ibid. 40. 17. MING, &C. Feri, Virgil, i.e. of the Trojan horse, as it is com- monly designed. BISKET, s. Breast. V. BRISKET. The byisning beist the serpent Lerna. Ibid. 173. 15. Bellua, Virgil. s. BISM, BYSYME, BISNE, BISINE, Abyss, But sair I dred me for some uther jaip, That Venus throw her gulf. suld, subtillitie, Intill sum bysning beist transfigurat me, Fra thine strekis the way profound anone, As in a beir, a bair, ane oule, ane aip. Depe vnto hellis flude of Acheron, Police of Honour, i. 68. With holl bisme, and hidduous swelth unrude. Rudd. expl. the term, insati- Doug. Virgil, 173. 37. " "gaping, swallowing, able, destroying. This explanation clearly shews that Bysyme, 82. 15. Fr. abysme, Gr. apvtriros. he has viewed it as an adj . formed from bism, an abyss. But from a of the in which it oc- BISMAR, BYSMER, s. A steelyard, or instru- comparison passages curs, it appears that the proper sense is monstrous. It ment for weighing it; sometimes resembling is unquestionably the same with bysynt, used by Wyn- bissimar, S. B., Orkn. town. BIS [201] BIS

Eftyre that he wes broucht on bere, BISSE, Bizz, . 1. A hissing noise, S. Til a bysynt best all lyke Now round and round the Sene he wi's licsyd a dyke, serpents whizz, Wi' wrath and That nere-hand a niyll wes made. hissing angry pniz ; ' tale Sometimes catch a For bath hewyd and he had they gentle gizz ; As a hors, and hys body Alack-a-day I An" wi' AH til a bere wes mast lykly. singe hair-devouring bias, Its curls Cron. vi. 13. v. 59. V. BYSSYM. away. Ftrgusson's Poems, it 16. BISON, s. The wild ox, anciently common 2. A buzz, a bustle, S. inS. s. BISSET, [Footing, or, narrow lace.] "As to the wild cattle of Scotland, which Jonston thre of mentions under the name of Bison Scoticus, and de- "Item, curtenis crammosie dames, all scribes as the mane of a freinyeit with threid of and crammosie silk, and having lion, and being entirely gold enrichet the seames with a litle bisect of white, the species is now extinct." Pennant s Zool. i. upoun gold." A. 154. 18, Ed. 1768. Inventories," 1561, p. Ane uther of blak According to Dr. Walker, an animal of this kind still figurit velvet cuttit out upoun crammosie and wrocht silver exists in the woods of Drumlanrig. satine, with small bbsftti* wantand bodeis." Ibid. 221. "Pecudes feri, liiijus generis, solum adhuc persis- " p. 300 elns of small silken tunt, in sylvis circa Drumlanricum in Nithia, sedem fcwrfw." Chalmers's I. ill. Ducis

Edit. Edin. 1579, i.e., "to inflict BY-SPEL, adv. Used adverbially to denote capital punishment any on this blasphemous monster." thing extraordinary ; as, byspel weel, very So am I now exyld from honour ay, well, exceedingly well, ibid. Compaird to Cresside and the ugly oul. ! death Fy lothsome lyfe Fy that dou not serve me ! Bot quik and dead a bysym thow must preserve me. BY-SPEL, s. An illegitimate child, Koxb. Montgomery, MS. C/iron. S. P. iii. 506. id. North of E. 2. A prodigy, of ca- This corresponds with the low E. term, a bye-blow, something portentous id. Grose's Class. Diet. lamity. "This were observed. over- year many prodigious signes BYSPRENT, part. pa. Besprinkled, A Comet of that kind, which the Astronomers call spread. Kwyov, the vulgars, a fine Bissome, shined the whole 1 se stand me before moneths of November, December, and January." Spots- 94. As to my sicht, niaist lamentabill Hector, wood, p. "It was callit, The fyrey Bussome," With large flude of teris, and all Knox's Hist. p. 92. MS. i. bwsome. [Laing's Edit. bysprent " " With blude and Vol. I. barknyt powder. p. 254, The fyrie boosome ; expl. "besom."] Doug. Viryil, 48. 1. 3. is still used as a term Belg. besprengh-en, to sprinkle. Bysim highly expres- sive of contempt for a woman of an un- BISSETTE, s. A a kind BISSARTE, buzzard, worthy character, S. of hawk. Mr. vo. mentions A.-S. " Macpherson, Bysynt, bys- Anent ruikis, crawis, & vther foulis of reif, as mor/uU, horrendus. Isl. bytanarfull has the same ernis, ///V.-bugbear. V. BISMINO. noise, as hot iron plunged into water, S. BISTAY D, BISTODE, pret. The irne lumpis, into the cauis blak, Tristrem to Mark it Can bysse and quhissil. seyd, How stormes hem bistayd, Douy. 1'iryil, 257. 16. Til anker hem brast and are. Belg. bies-en, to hiss like serpents. Sir Tristrem, p. 40. st. 62. BIS [202] BIT

"Withstood," Gl. Perhaps rather, surrounded; A.-S. byi, morsus, metaph. used. A.-S. bestod, circumdedit, from bestand-an, Teut. be- Smat hym an greuous wound and dedely but. steen, circumsistere, circumdare. Doug. Virg. 418. 10. V. CABIR. * BISTER, a. Expl. "a town of land in Ork- BIT, s. 1. Denoting a place, or particular " as i.e. a or district of canna stan' in a bit" is ney, Ilobbister, town spot ; as, He he land con: still his S. high ; Swanbister, Swambister, changing situation, of as I supposed to signify the town Sweno." "Weel, just was coming up the bit, I saw a man afore me that I kent was nane o' our herds, and The term ia not less common in Shetland. " it's a wild bit to meet ony other body, so when I came A considerable number names of end in [of places] up to him it was Tod Gabriel the fox-hunter." Guy ster and bister, as Swaraster, JSIuraster, Symbister, Mannering, iii. 104. fladabister, Kirkabister. It is however, probable, "He lies a' day, and whiles a' night in the cove in that the names at present supposed to end in ster are the deru hag : it's a bieldy enough bit, and the auld abbreviations from seter. Both settlement or imply has it wi' a o' gudeman p' Corsecleugh panged kemple Edmonston's Zetland, ii. 137. dwelling." strae amaist." Waverley, iii. 237. I agree with this intelligent writer in viewing ster as " Blithe bit, pleasant spot ;" Gl. Antiq. a contr. of and this indeed denotes "settlement seter, " or For Isl. setur is rendered sedes ; Verel. 2. to time a dwelling." Applied ; Stay wee bit," stay a Ind. q. a seat ; and bister may reasonably be viewed as short while, South of S. composed of Su.-G. by pagus, and setur, i.e. "the seat "Binna binna exclaimed of a village." By the same learned Scandinavian, rash, rash," Hobbie, "hear me a hear me a bit." of saeturis rendered mapalia, i.e. round cottages, or those bit, Tales my Landlord, made in the form of an oven. Thus saetur would seem i. 340. to signify such buildings as those denominated Picts' " 3. The nick of time, the crisis, S.O. In the houses, or Brag/is. Norw. saeter is expl. "a (jraesgang, or pasture for cattle on the high grounds ;" Hallager. bit o' time." Burns. 4. used in BYSTOUR, BOYSTURE, s. A term of con- Very commonly conjunction with a

the of which seems substantive, instead of a diminutive ; a tempt ; precise meaning as, to be lost. bit bairn, a little child, S. " Did notice if there was an auld tree that's It is sometimes conjoined with bard, as in the fol- ye saugh maist blawn but its roots are in the lowing passage : down, yet earth, and it hangs ower the bit burn." Guy Mannering, ii. Blierd, babling bystour-bartl, obey ; Learn, skybald knave, to know thy sell. "I heard ye were here, frae the bit callant ye sent Polwart's Flyting, Watson's Coll. iii. 6. to meet your carriage." Antiquary, i. 155. Several similar terms occur ; as Fr. bistorU, crooked, Sometimes with the mark of the " genitive of. bolster, to bitstarin, "a lubber, thicke The bits o' weans wad and toddle to the limp; great " up, door, to in the druggell, cowardly luske, dastardly slabberdegallion ; pu' auld Blue-gown." Ibid. ii. 142. Cotgr., a species of description worthy of either Polwart 5. used as a or Montgomery. Often forming diminutive expres- Boustarin, le nom que Ton donne i un gros homme sive of contempt, S. dans quelques Provinces de France. Diet. Trev. " Some of you will grieve and greet more for the As this term is connected with "hood-pykes, and drowning of a bit calf or stirk, than ever ye did for all hunger bitten," ibid. p. 9. it might seem allied to Teut. the tyranny and defections of Scotland." Walker's byster, ad extremum redactus, exhaustus bonis, Kilian. Peden, p. 62. Or, as it is conjoined in the same passage with an in- term, that the bard had not the elegant denoting power BITTIE, s. A little bit, S. B. synon. with of retention, can it be allied to Fr. boire, to drink, S. A. buttie or Aberd. bolste, boite, drunk ? bittock, ; pron. bottie, Dan. bitte, pauxillus, pauxillulus. s. term used for food S. BIT, A vulgar ; Bit BlT AND BRAT. V. BRAT, S. and laid, meat and clothing, S. B. one's I'm e'en content it be as wad hae't BIT AND BUFFET sustenance ac- ye ; wi'i, Your honour winna miss our bit and baid. companied with severe or unhandsome usage, Ross's 113. Hdenore, p. S. Although baid be understood of clothing, I suspect "Take the Bit, and the Buffet with it," S. Prov. that it, as well as bit, originally signified food, from "Bear some ill usage of them by whom you get ad- A.-S. bead, a table; if not q. bed, equivalent to the in- vantage." Kelly, p. 311. verted phrase, bed and board. Fate seldom does on bards bestow Although expl. "meat and clothes," Gl. Ross, I A paradise of wealth below, hesitate whether baid does not literally denote habi- But wi' a step dame glour, tation, q. "food and lodging," abode; from A.-S. bid- Gies them their bit and buffet wi't. . an manere. The of bide, S. to dwell, is baid. pret. A. Scott's Poems, 1811, p. 30. "Bueklaw was entertained by a fellow, whom he BYT, s. The pain occasioned a wound. by could either laugh with or laugh at as he had a mind, blow or Aberd. A stroke, Banffs. who would take, according to Scottish phrase, the lit and the buffet." Bride of Lammennoor, ii. 152. Scho skipping furth, as to eschew the byt,

Can throw the forest fast and : grauis glyd s. 1. A little S. But euer the schaft stikkis in liir BITTOCK, bit, dedly syde. " Doug. Virgil, 102. 10. That was a bonnie sang ye were singin. Ha'e you BIT [203] BLA

wee said Tibbie; "but . onymair p't?" "A bitlock," BITTOCK, V. under BIT. ii. 160. I ilowna sing't afore ony bodie." Glenfergus, s. Aberd. small a low term to BITTRIES, pi. Buttresses, Reg. 2. A portion ; applied to space, and used indeed in a general sense, To BYWAUE, v. a. To cover, hide, to S. cloak. " The three miles diminished into like a mile and a The feruent luf of his kynd natiue land Mot al euil rumoure fra his lawde bittock." Guy Maimering, i. 6. V. the letter K. byioaue. Doug. Virgil, 195. 10. as is into BITE, s. 1. ''As much meat put A.-S. beioaef-an, Moes-G. biwaib-jan, id. the mouth at once," the same with E. bit; a part. adj. Past, in reference to mouthful of food that is S. It BYWENT, any edible, time ; synon. Bygane. is to be observed that bite is not used in E. Considder of Romania, in all their time by-went, in this sense. Baith wikkit fortune and prosperiteis. Jiellend. Pro!. T. Liv. vi. Dan. bid, Isl. bite, bolus, bucca. The Dan. word is Moes-G. bi Alem. biuuent-en oc- also rendered offa, frustum ; Panis, Baden. signifies postea. curs in the sense of vertere. But the latter part of 2. A small of edible what is very portion food, our term has more affinity with A.-S. wend-an ire. barely necessary for sustenance, S. " s. To tak the a to Ye mauna speak o' the young gentleman handing BIZZ, bizz, phrase applied the there's distressed enew about in of pleugh ; puir whigs cattle, when, consequence being stung the country will be glad to do that for a bite and a by the bot-fly, they run hither and thither, Tales of ii. 138. soup." my Landlord, Loth. 3. A small used in a sense. In portion, general This exactly corresponds to the sense of Su.-G. bes-a, this sense bite in S. is still used for bit E. mentioned under the v. V. BAZED. It may, however, " be a of E. anc. the There is never a bite of all Christ's time with his corruption brize, brizze, gadfly. in for he is them seasonable people spent vain, ay giving To BIZZ, v. n. To hiss. V. BTSSE. instructions." W. Guthrie's Serm. p. 3. To BIZZ, Bizz about, v. n. To be in con- BITE AND sour, meat and drink, the mere ne- stant motion, to bustle, S. cessaries of life, S. Su.-G. bes-a, a term to beasts which, when It is with the indefinite applied very commonly expressed beset with drive hither and thither Teut. biea- article wasps, ; preceding. Kiliau. en, bys-en, furente ac violeuto impetu agitari ; "He is nane of them puir bodies wha hang upon the to whilk administer in for trade, they spiritual things BIZZEL, s. A hoop or ring round the end a bite and a St. i. 26. soup." Johnstoun, of " Let the creatures at a moderate and any tube, Roxb. stay mailing, " hae bite and ; it will be the better wi' This is a use of E. bezel, bezil, that soup maybe merely peculiar " your father where he's gaun, lad." Heart Mid Loth, part of a ring in which the stone is fixed, Johns. i. 198. BIZZY, adj. Busy, S. . Robert uses this word BYTESCHEIP, Semple Gude ale keeps me bare and bisy, or Gaurs me till I be as a parody of the title Bishop, q. bite, tipple dizzy. Remains of Kitfodale Sony, p. 90. devour the sheep. My youthfu' lesson, thou, to lear, halde it still for a They vp mocke, Didst to the bissy ant me sen". How Maister Patrick fedd his flock ; Taylor's Scots Poems, p. 31. Then to the court this craftie lown A.-S. byslg, Belg. besi;/, id. Sw. bys-a, cursitare, or To be a bytewhrip maid him boun ; Su.-G. exhibits the as Becaus St. Androis then dependit. bes-a, probably root, denoting the violent motion of an animal that is harassed the Legend Kp. St. Andrm's, Poems 16th Cent. p. 313. by gadfly. V. BESV. BITTILL, s. A beetle, a heavy mallet, es- BLA, BLAE, adj. 1. Livid; a term frequently specially one used for beating clothes. used to denote the of the skin that he appearance He could wirk windaris, quhat way wald ; Mak a gray gus a gold garland, when discoloured by a severe stroke or con- berne A lang spere of a bittill for a bald, S. Noblis of uutschellis, and silver of sand. tusion, Ululate, iii. 12. MS. Bot of thaym the maist parte To schute or cast war perfyte in the art, This is the description of a juggler. With lede from ingynis of staf sling Jiittle is the of the Border and Loth. pellokis pronunciation By dyntis bid thare famen doun to dyng. "Aroint limmer," she added, "out of an ye, ye Doug. Virgil, 232. 52. honest house, or, shame fa' me, but I'll take the little Lethargus lolls his lazy hours away, to you !" The Pirate, i. 128. His eyes are drowsy, and his lips are Uae. i. 96. To BITTLE, BITTIL, v. a. To beat with a aamsay's Poems, lead North." beetle to "Blee, blueish, pale blue, colour. ; as, little to little to lint, singles, Gl. Grose. beat to beat it in Loth. flax, handfuls, Su.-G. 6/ao, Isl. bla-r, Germ, blau; Belg. b/uinr, Franc, plauu, lividus, glaucus. It seems doubtful if BITTLIN, s. The battlements of old any A.-S. bleo was used in this sense ; "caeruleus, blue or building, Ayrs. ; q. lattelling. azure-coloured," Somner, whence E. blue. BLA [204] BLA

" " A. Bor. Bloa, black and blue," Thoresby, Ray's I was last Tuesday to wait on S r Robert Walpole, Lett. p. 323. who desired, hearing what I had to say, that I would put it in black and white, that he might shew it to his 2. Bleak, lurid, applied to the appearance of Majti'." Lett. Seaforth, Culloden Pap. p. 105. the A blae is a used I if atmosphere. day phrase question much Sir R. Walpole literally used this no of its an S. when, although there is no storm, the sky language ; finding proof being E. phrase. looks hard and lurid, especially when there BLACK, s, A vulgar designation for a low is a thin cold wind that produces shivering. scoundrel, corresponding in sense to the E. E. bleak seems nearly synon. adj. blackguard, S. An' cause the night wis caul and blae, ca'd for hame-browst s. Malleable iron in They ustjuebae. BLACK-AIRN, ; con- Tarras's Poems, p. 51. " tradistinction from that which is It was in a cauld blae hairst that I to tinned, day, gade called milk the Edin. Dec. 503. white-aim, S. " kye." Mag. 1818, p. A blae ware-time," a bleak spring, Upp. Clydes. BLACKAVICED, adj. Dark of the com- s. The act of or BLAMAKING, discolouring, plexion, S. from black and Fr. vis, the making livid, by a stroke. visage. "Conwict [convicted] for the blud drawing, bla- Imprimis then, for tallness, I strublens." A. 16. Am five foot and four inches rnaking & Aberd. Reg. 1538, V. high ; A black-a-vic'd suod dapper fallow, Nor To BLAAD, v. a. To sully, to dirty; to lean, nor over-laid wi' tallow. u Ramsay's Poems, ii. 362. spoil. Hence the phrase, the blaadin o' the sheets." Aberd. BLACKBELICKIT, used as a s. equivalent to E. Perhaps the same with Blad, v. especially as used in nothing. What did ye see ? Answ. " sense 2 ; or allied to Blad, s. a v. dirty spot, q. Blackbelickit, i.e. I saw nothing at all ;" Lanarks. s. A stroke, V. BLAUD. BLAAD, Galloway. " Blaekbelicket. Nothing;" Ayrs. Gl. Surv. Ayrs. s. A small or Lanarks. BLAB, globe bubble, p. 691. He kiss't the tear tremblan' in her ee, The word black seems to have been substituted by Mare clear nor blab o' dew. the decorous inhabitants of my native county for the Ballad, Edin. Oct. 328. V. BLOB. Mag. 1818, p. name of the devil, which is the common prefix in other parts of S. But the latter of the word seems in- To BLABBER, BLABER, BLEBER, v. n. To part explicable. From the invariable pronunciation, it can- babble, to speak indistinctly. not be supposed that it has any connexion with the idea of likeness or "Gif the heart be good, suppose we blabber with resemblance. Perhaps the most natural that the wordes, yit it is acceptable to him." Bruce's Eleven conjecture is, phrase expresses a per- Sermons, L. 2. b. suasion that the adversary of our kind, whose name is deemed so and ornamental an in That gars thee ryme in terms of sence denude necessary expletive discourse, should be licked or as soon as such a And blaber tliingis that wyse men hate to heir. beaten, should take for the Kennedy, Evergreen, ii. 65. st. 12. thing place ; conjunction if is gen- erally added. I half on me a pair of Lowthiane liipps, I have sometimes that it contain a Sail fairer Inglis mak, and mair perfyte, thought, might foolish allusion to a Lat. used of Than tliou can bleber with thy Carrick lipps. phrase formerly one who declined a Dunbar, Ibid, 53. st. 8. giving vote, Nan liquit. Should we that it was confined to of Tent, blabber-en, confuse et iuepte garrire, Jun. vo. suppose originally objects Blab. sight, it might be equivalent to "Ne'er a styme did I see ;" not a Teut. nitere. to This is also 0. E. "I blaber as a chylde doth or he q. gleam ; lick-en, Or, can Je have done with mere conjecture, shall we view it as a speake ; gasouille. My sonne doth but blabber he can phrase originally expressive of the of yet ; nat speke his wordes playne, he is to disappointment some when he had not found even a to yonge." Palsgr. B. iii. F. 167, a. parasite, plate lick ) BLABERING, s. Babbling. BLACK BITCH, a which, in former tlier not ane fall bag My mynd misty, may mys ; times at was Stra for thys ignorant blabering impertite, least, clandestinely attached to Beside thy polist termes redymyte. the lower part of the mill-spout, that, through Doug. Virgil, 3. 36. a hole in the spout, part of the meal might s. Some kind of BLABER, cloth imported be abstracted as it came down into the from France. trough, South of S. "28th August 1561, the Provest, Baillies, and Coun- A worthy proprietor in Roxb. who had never hap- sale, ordanis Louke Wilsoun Thesaurer to deliver to pened to hear the phrase, but was extremely careful of every ane of the twelfe servands, the Javillour and the game on his estate, had just settled everything Gild servands, als mekle Franch Blaber as will be every respecting the lease of his mill, when a third person ane of thame ane coit." Regist. Counc. Edin. Keith's " who was present, said to the miller, I hope you'll no' Hist. p. 189. a black bitch?" "What?" cried the keep" gentleman, Corr. perhaps from Fr. blafard, blaffard, bleak and mine's pale, your bargain at an end ; for I'll not al- in colour. low any person on my property to keep sporting dogs." BLACK. To a in Hack and put thing white, BLACK-BOYDS, s. pi. The name given to commit it to writing, S. to the fruit of the bramble, West of S. BLA [205] BLA

" been disturbed the intrusion of more numerous flocks BLACK-BOOK, s. The name given to the by of sheep, the black cock, or gallus Scoticauus, wag wont several written our Monks in histories, by to hail the dawn of the vernal morning amidst the their different Monastrys ;" Spott. MS. Diet, heaths of this country." P. Kirkmicnael, Bantfs. Statist. Ace. xii. 450. N. V. CAPERCAILYE. in vo. " " all our he there were To mak a Black Cock "In monastrys, says, keepit BLACK COCK. of three books or records. 1. Their or Chartulary, regis- one, to shoot one, S.; as in E. to bring down the records to their ter, containing relating privat one's bird. securities. 2". Their Obituarys, wherein were related " it into their the times of the death and places of interment of their The Mac-Ivors, Sir, hae gotten heads, that hae affronted their Miss Flora chief benefactors, Abbots, Priors, and other great men ye young leddy, ; and I hae heard nor ane tak of their respective houses. 3. Their Black-Book, con- mae say they wadna muckle to mak a black cock o' : and ken taining an account of the memorable things which oc- ye ye yeresell there's o' them wadna mind a bawbee the weis- curredin every year. mony a ball the Prince an the chief "David Chambers, one of the senators of the Col- ing through himsell, gae them the wink. iii. 132. lege of Justice in the reign of Queen Mary, who wrote Waverley, in French an of the Historys of England, abridgement BLACK COW. [Calamity.] Scotland, and France, in his preface says, that he The black cow on foot ne'er had many great historys of the Abbacies, such as that your trod, Which the road. of Scone, called the Black-Book, and of other like gars you sing alang Herd's Coll. ii. 120. chronicles of Abbays, as that of Inch-colm and Icolm- Auld Luckie cries o'er ill set kill," Ac. ye're Ye kennae what be fate "So named," he adds, "from the cover; or rather may your In after days ; from the giving an impartial account of the good and The black cuw has uae trampet yet bad actions of our and others who have dis- nobles, Upo' your taes. themselves in the service of their tinguished country." The Fanner's Ha', st. 38. V. BLACK Ox. It is not likely that this register would be exclusive- called the black book from its unless it could s. 1. of ly coyer, BLACK CRAP, A crop pease or be that the other two were bound in proved, invariably beans, S. a different manner. Nor is it more probable, that the name from its a record of "the originated being good 2. A name given to those crops which are al- and bad actions of our &c. For in this case nobles, such as &c. we must suppose that it was almost exclusively con- ways green, turnips, potatoes, fined to bad actions. M. Loth. It might perhaps be thus denominated from its being " The dung forced the crop of wheat, and this suc- wholly written with black ink, in distinction from the ceeded by the black crop, which seldom failed to pros- Rubrics, denominated from the use of red, and the per, left the land in a fine heart for barley." Agr. Psalters, &c. which had red letters usually interspersed, Surv. M. Loth. p. 89. and illuminations. learn from We Carpentier, that in a charter dated BLACK DOG. [Perdition.] at Vienue, in France, A. 1362, the terms Black and "Like butter in the black dog's hause," a Prov. used Red were used to distinguish the text of the law from to denote what is irrecoverably gone, S. V. Kelly, p. the on it. videtur tex- commentary Nigrum appellari 230. tus legis, Rubrum vero commeutatio in textum. "There wad hae been little speeriugs o't had Dus- tansnivel ken'd it was there it wad hae been butter in Used in reference BLACK-BURNING, adj. the black dog's hause." Antiquary, ii. 192. to shame, when it is so great as to produce BLACK-FASTING, adj. Applied to one deep blushing, or to crimson the counte- who has been without kind of food. nance, S. long any It is said of a who has to some sarcastically person Somebody says fowk, we're to Maine ; That 'tis a scandal and a black burning shame got a bellyful, "I'm sure he's no black- To thole young callands thus to grow sae snack. fastin'," S. Ratiisay's Poems, i. 285. "If they dinna bring him something to eat, the At first view, the word might seem to be formed from puir demented body has never the heart to cry for the dark complexion which the countenance assumes, aught, and he has been kenn'd to sit for ten hours when covered with shame. But it is rather from thegither, black St. ii. 61. Su.-Gr. Isl. to blush fasting." Ronan, blijtjd, shame, blushing ; blygd-a, ; I know not if it had been originally meant to include q. the burning of blushes. In this sense, to according the idea the of Lam. our version, it is threatened that women shall have expressed by language Scripture, V. 10, "Our skin was black like an oven, because of "burning instead of Isa. iii. 24. beauty," the terrible famine."

BLACK-COCK, s. The Heath-cock, Black BLACK FISH, fish when they have recently or Game, Grous, S. Tetrao tetrix, Linn. spawned. V. REID FISCHE. V. Penu. Zool. Vol. I. 352. Tetrao seu p. BLACKFISHER, *. One who fishes under Urogallus minor. Gallus palustris Scoticus, night, illegally, S. Aberd. Reg. Cent. 16. Gesn. Nostratibus, the Black cod: Sibb. "Ye took me aiblius for a blackfisher it was gaun Scot. Iti. tae the chouks o' p. ginle ye, whan I harl't ye out tae the stenncrs." Saint iii. 42. V. BLACKFISUIXG. "Even the beautiful black cock, as well as the Patrick, grouse, is to be met with on the high grounds." P. s. for Kirkpatrick-Irongray, Statist. Ace. iv. 532. BLACKFISHING, Fishing salmon, "Till of late years that his sequestered haunts have under night, by means of torches, S. BLA [206] BLA

"The of is so because it practice black-faking called, ably given to a mill of the ancient con- is performed in the night time, or perhaps because the struction, one wheel fish are then black or foul. At this season, they having only, Argyles. the female con- "There are 8 cornmills are of the frequent gravelly shallows, where digs ; whereof 3 siderable holes, in which she deposits the roe. During ancient simple construction, in which there is but one this operation, which usually continues for some weeks, wheel, and it lying horizontally in the perpendicular, in under the so to tiirn the male attends her, and both are a very torpid millstone ; that the water it, state. The black-fakers, provided with spears, com- must come through the house. These are called black posed of five-barbed prongs, fixed upon a strong shaft, mills." P. Kilniuian, Stat. Ace. Scotl. xiv. 149. wade up and down the shallows, preceded by a upon BLAC BLACK the great torch, or blaze, as it is called, consisting of dried MONE, MONEY, designa- broom, or fir tops, fastened round a pole. By this tion given to the early copper currency of S. light the fish are soon discerned, and being then very in the reign of Ja. III. dull, are easily transfixed." P. Ruthven, Forfars. Statist. Ace. xii. 294. V. LEISTER. "That thar be na deneris [deniers] of Franss, mail- yis, cortis, mytis, nor nain vthir conterfetis of blac mone tane in payment in this realme bot our souerane lordis BLACKFIT, a. A match- " BLACKFOOT, awne blac mone strikkin & prentit be his cunyouris. v. maker; synon. Musk, q. Acts Ja. III. 1469, Ed. 1814, p. 97. '"I could never have this intervention of a expected BLACK-NEB, *. One viewed as disaffected proxeneta, which the vulgar translate blackfoot, of such ' to S. eminent dignity, said Dalgarnock, scarce concealing a government, sneer." Nigel, iii. 237. "Take Monkbarns we shall set down care, ; " you "I'm whiles jokin' an' tellin' her it's a stound o' among the black-nebs by and by." No, Sir Arthur* love : now thinkin' be or ye might black-Jit, her a tame grumbler I I only claim the privilege of secretar, I was just wissin', o' a' things, to see ye a croaking in my own corner here, without uniting my wee that I micht gliff, targe ye." Saxon and Gael, throat to the grand chorus of the marsh." Antiquary, i. 161. ii. 128. "Little did I imagine that I was giving cause for BLACK FROST, frost without rime or snow many to think me an enemy to the king and govern- ment. But so it was. of the heritors considered lying on the ground, as opposed to white frost, Many me a black-neb, I knew it not." Ann. of the which is to E. though equivalent hoarfrost. Par. p. 269. .

BLACK-HEAD, a. The Powit-gull, Shetl. BLACK-NEBBED, BLACK-NEBBIT, adj. 1. Larus "Black-head, Powit-gull, ridibundus. Black- Literally, having a black bill, S. head is a Shetland name. This gull is also sometimes 2. to those who are viewed as demo- called Hooded-croio." Neill's Tour, p. 201. Applied cratically inclined, or inimical to the present s. The a bird. BLACK-HUDIE, coal-head, government, S. Roxb. Black-bannet, synon. Clydes. That this term had been used, in relation to public This seems equivalent to black-head; A.-S. blac, matters, more than a century and a half ago, appears niger, and lieofod, caput. from the following passage. "Neither do I desire to incur the displeasure of BLACKYMORE, s. A negro; the vulgar the inhabitants of the myre of Meagle, who are governed of black-nebbed I the by a synod geese ; besides, know pron. of O. E. blackamore, Beaumont. danger it's to jest with wooden-witted dolts, that have The the a washing of blackymore, proverbial phrase, the seams of their understanding on the out-side of used to denote a vain S. " attempt, their noddles. Mercur. Caled. Jan. 1661, p. 3. an' her far Than aunt dauther sought and near ; But a' was washing o' the Slacks/more. BLACK OX. The black ox is said to tramp Ross's Helenore, First Ed. 66. p. on one who has lost a near relation by death, or met with some severe S. BLACKLEG, . The same disease in cattle calamity, "I'm fain to see sae the with the Black spaul, Ettr. For. you looking weel, cummer, mair that the black ox has tramped on ye since I was "There was I sitting beside him, gnawing at the " aneath your roof- tree. Antiquary, iii. 227. sinewy hip of some hateful Galloway stott that had "The black ox never trod on your foot," S. Prov. died of the blackleg." Perils of Man, ii. 348. This is more generally expl. by Kelly; "You never had the care of a family upon you, nor was press'd with BLACK-LEG, s. A matchmaker; synon. severe business or necessities." S. Prov. p. 327. Black-foot, Ettr. For. BLACK PUDDING, a pudding made of the BLACKLIE, adj. Ill-coloured, or having a blood of a cow or sheep, inclosed in one of often to clothes dirty appearance ; applied the intestines, S. understand that are ill-washed, or that have been soiled The dispute, you must it, which of them had the best in Was, blood, drying, Ang. When both, 'tis granted, had as good and similis stuiFd a Hack From A.-S. blac, blaec, Kg ; q. having As ever yet pvdding. the likeness of what is black. Meston's Poems, p. 115. This dish was much used by our forefathers. It is BLACK-MAIL. V. MAIL. thus denominated to distinguish it from a white pudding, made of meal, suet, and onions, stuffed in a similar BLACK MILL, the designation unaccount- manner. The Swedes had a dish resembling the former. BLA [207] BLA

For suxirtnod broth ma

2. The it has been used BLACK SAXPENCE, a sixpence, supposed term, appears, metaph. by the credulous to be received from the to denote the examination itself. " The fonrt and last devil, as a pledge of an engagement to be yeir of our course, we lerned the buikis de Crelo and Mateors, also the Splier, move his, soul and body. It is always of a black exactlie teachit by our awin Regent, and maid ws for as not but it our colour, being legal currency ; Vicces and Blakxtenti, and hail at Pace our promo- tion and of our Melvill's is said to possess this singular virtue, that finissing course." Diary, p. 28. the who it in his person keeps constantly vo. observes in ancient how Hoffman, Tumulus, that, pocket, much soever he spend, will al- times, every one before death fixed on the place of his find another beside interment, which he marked with a black xtone. ways sixpence it, Roxb. This circumstance seems favourable to the idea that the black stone, profession was originally connected with BLACK-SOLE, s. A confident in courtship, the grave-stone of the founder. Lanarks. Synon. with Black-foot. BLACK S. "Block-sole, assistant at courtship." Gl. Surv. Ayrs. SUGAR, Spanish Licorice, p. 691. BLACK TANG, Fucus vesicolosus, Linn. BLACK SPAUL, a disease of cattle, S. BLACK VICTUAL, pulse, pease and beans, The Slack Spaul is a species of incident to pleurisy, either by themselves, or mixed as a crop, S. young cattle, especially calves, which gives a black hue to the flesh of the side affected. It is indicated by BLACK WARD, a state of servitude to a lameness in the fore foot, and the common remedy is immediate servant, S. bleeding." Prize Essays, Highl. Soc. S. " ii. 207. You see, sir, I hold in a sort of black ward tenure, as we call it in our the servant of a ser- A singular mode of cure is used in some parts of the country, being Highlands. vant." Nigel, i. 45. "The black-spald had seized all the cattle of the "Black ward, is when a vassal holds immediately ward of the a subvassal holds ward of that ; we came all down to old Ronald's house in King, and vassal. This is called Black ward or ward ward. Cilach-nan-creach (the pass of spoils) to make the upon M'Kenzie's hist it. forced fire. When the cattle of any district were p. 92. Spottiswoode's MS. Law seized with this fatal distemper, the method of cure or Diet. was to all the domestic prevention extinguish fires, and BLACK- the rekindle them byforced Jire caught from sparks emitted WATCH, designation generally from the axle of the great wool-wheel, which was driven given to the companies of loyal Highlanders, round the " furiously by people assembled. Clan-Albin, raised after the rebellion in 1715, for ii. 239. pre- serving peace in the Highland districts. BLACK-STAN E, BLACKSTONE, *. 1. The They constituted the nucleus of what was afterwards embodied as the 42d since so cele- designation given to a dark-coloured stone, Regiment, justly brated for their received the of prowess ; and epithet used in some of the Scottish as universities, Black, from the dark colour of their tartan habili- the seat on which a student sits at an annual ments. " ' To tell the there durst not a Lowlauder public examination, meant as a test of the you truth, in all Scotland follow the fray a gun-shot beyond he has made in his studies progress during Bally-brough, unless he had the help of the Sidier Dhu.' the ' ' preceding year, S. This examination is Whom do ye call so ?' The Sutler Dhu ? the black soldier ; that what called the called his Profession. is, they independent companies that were raised to keep peace and law in "It is fit when thought that, students are examined the Highlands. They call them Sidier Dhu, because publicly on the Black-stnine, before Lammas ; after wear the as and, they tartans ; they call your men, King then- return at that Michaelmas, they be examined in George's men, SidlerRoy, or red soldiers." Waverley, some questions of the catechism." Acts Commiss. of i. 276, 277. the A. 1647. Bower's Hist. I'ourJLJniversities, Univ. -"Girnigo of Tipperhewet, whose family was so reduced by the ensuing law-suit, that his representa- It appears from this that then extract, they were tive is now serving as a private gentleman-sentinel in publicly examined twice a-\ var. the Highland Black Watch." Ibid. i. 136. BLA [208] BLA

So dimia "They applied to the governor of Stirling castle, ye affront your trade, But it and to the major of the Black Watch; and the governor rhyme right. said, it was too far to the northward, and out of his Burns, iii. 243. district and the The in this is of ; major said, his men were gone home word, sense, very great latitude. to the shearing, and he would not call them out before "A blad of bread," is a large fiat piece. Sometimes

the victual was in for all the Cramfeezers in the is ; it is rather redun- got adj."great prefixed although Christendom." Ibid. p. 279. dant. I gat a great blad of Virgil by heart ;" I com- " This mitted to a corps was originally known by the name of memory great many verses from Virgil. the Freicudan Du, or Black Watch. This appellation This word, as perhaps originally applied to food, may arose the be from A.-S. fruit of from colour of their dress, and was applied blaed, any kind ; a word, which, to them in contradistinction to the regular troops, who as Spelman observes, has from the Saxons been uni- were called diffused Red Soldiers, or Seidaran Dearag. From versally through Europe ; Germ, blaed, id. It in the time that they were embodied, till they were regi- is favour of this etymon, that as A.-S. blaed, bled, mented, the Highlanders continued to wear the dress also denoted pot-herbs ; blads and dawds, is still the of their country. This, as it consisted so much of the designation given to large leaves of greens boiled black, green, and blue tartan, gave them a dark and whole, in a sort of broth, Aberd. Loth. For blads was sombre in most the name appearance comparison with the bright uni- probably original ; and dawds might be form of the regulars, who at that time had coats, wais- added as an expletive, idterblad had lostitsprimary sense coats, and breeches of scarlet cloth. Hence the term as denoting pot-herbs, and come to signify a large piece or as of in this Du, Black, applied to this corps." Col. Stewart's any thing ; dawd being, sense, an exact Sketches, i. 240. synonyme. Thus, the compound phrase might be used as Another reason has been assigned for this designation, signifying greens boiled in large pieces. but It is after without sufficient ground : possible, all, that the word, as denoting a first be from Ir. a "The Highlanders were called into the service large portion, may bladh, part ; blod/t- of their country shortly after 1715, at which time they am, I break. only consisted of two companies, and were to act, as "I send to Servai's wife, and to his commess the fencible men, against those who committed depreda- pasmentar in the abbay, and causit thame graith me tions in the various counties of the Highlands. They ane chalmer thair, tak the fyve bladdis of tapestrie, obtained the name of Black from quhilkis come out of Hammiltoun, and uther Watch, giving pro- " bagage tection to property against levying of black-mail/." I had thair reddiest to lay it out, &c. Inventories, on the Clan A. 187. Depred. Campbell, p. 119, 120. "1573, p. Thre Egiptianis hattis of reid and yellow taffeteis. BLACK Sel- Sum uther bladdis of silver claith and uther WEATHER, rainy weather, " geir meit for maskene [wearing in masquerades.] Ibid, kirks. synon. with black weet, the phrase used p. 237. in Angus, to distinguish a fall of rain from snow. To DING IN BLADS, to break in pieces. "Mr. Knox was very weak, & I saw him every s. last cart-load of BLACK-WINTER, The day of his doctrine go hulie and fajr with a furring home from the of martricks about his neoke, a staffe in the one hand, grain brought harvest-field, & Richard Dumfr. good godly Ballandine his servant hold- ing up the other oxter, & by the said Richard & Thus denominated, perhaps, because this must be another servant lifted up to the pulpit, where he be- often late in the hoved to lean at his first season, and closely followed up by entry ; but or he had done the gloom of winter, with his sermon, he was so active & vigorous, that he was like to ding the pulpit in blads. & fly out of it." To BLAD, v. n. To walk in a clumsy man- Melvill's MS. p. 20. and hea- ner, by taking long steps treading BLAD, s. A who is of a soft con- Dumfr. person vily, ; synon. Lamp, Loth. Clydes. stitution whose is in ; strength not propor- Teut. be-laed-en, degravare, onerare? tion to his size or looks. It is often Or, can it to over blads of the applied signify, pass great to a who has become road in a short time ? young person, suddenly tall, but is of a relaxed habit, S. B. BLAD, s. 1. A and in walk- long heavy step This be the word in a Dumfr. may merely preceding used ing, ; synon. Lamp, Clydes. secondary sense. But as this is very doubtful, I have given it distinctly. It is allied, perhaps, to A.-S. 2. who walks A person with long and heavy blaed, as denoting, either the boughs or leaves of trees, or corn as both often shoot out so as Dumfr. a growing ; rapidly steps, ; synon. Lamper, Clydes. to give the idea of weakness. This is especially the case as to rank corn. It may have some affinity, how- BLAD, BLAUD, s. A large of piece any ever, to Germ, the sense of which a considerable blode, original is, thing, portion, S. expl. a "flat weak, feeble. piece of any thing." Gl. Burns. s. A S. B. Thou I BLAD, portfolio, said, borrowed blads; that is not true : the is The contrary, false smatchet, shall be seen. As E. word eomp. of Fr. port-er, to carry, and I never of that a leaf the S. term has a similar had, making ye mein, feuille, ; origin ; being A verse in in or from Su.-G. writ, print, yet perqueir ; evidently blad, A.-S. blaed, folium. It Whilk I can prove, and cleanse me wonder cleir has been that men leaves of ; said, anciently wrote on Though single words 110 writer can forbeir. before the invention of trees, paper ; and that a book, Polwart's Flyting, p. 27. among the heathen nations, at first consisted of a num- Grit blads and bits thou staw full oft. ber of such leaves stitched together. Now it is a curious Evergreen, i. 121. st. 4. circumstance, that most of the European languages I'll write, and that a hearty bland, retain an allusion to this custom. As Lat. folium de- This vera notes not night. only the leaf of a tree, but that of a book ; BLA [209] 1! LA.

the Fr. uaefeuille, the E. leaf, and the Sw. blad in the a. BLAD, A squall ; always the idea same manner, folio, also, which now a book including signifies of S. of a denoted the of a book. rain, A heavy fall of rain is called large size, formerly leaf " Germ. Mat, folium arboris aut plantae, et quicquid a blad of weet," S. B. foliis simile, schedula, charta, Ac. unsettled He staps in his warka in his pouch in a blink, BLADDY, adj. Inconstant, ; applied a" his bin Uaad an' his ink. to the " Flang by warklooins, weather. A bladdy day," is one Picken'a Poems, ii. 182. alternately fair and foul. To v. a. 1. To to strike BLAD, BLAUD, slap, ; BLAD, s. A dirty spot on the cheek, S. per- to drive by striking, or with violence, S. haps q. the effect of a blow. Gael, blad, Dad, synon. however, is synon. Scotland maun be made an Ass. To set her jugment richt, BLADAKIE, . [Vain glory.] Theyil jade Mr and Had hir, Untill echo brak hir tether. "Bot allace it is a festered securitie, the inward heart is full of bladarie shal Vision, Evergreen, i. 220. blcularie, quhilk bring sik terrors in the end with that it shal I had not then, with every lown, it, multiply thy torments." Bruce's Eleven With every butcher up and down, Serm. edit. 1591. Been bladdtd frae town to town, Expl. filth, filthiness, Eng. vers. Lond. 1617. But I Nor gotten sick oppression. hesitate as to this sense, which is supported by no Watson's Coll. i. 63. cognate word. It seems rather, vain glory, vain boast- Teut. "A man may love a haggish, that wo'd not have ing ; blaeterlje, jactantia, vaniloquentia. the bladed in his teeth S. Prov. 38. " bag j" Kelly, p. BLETHER. Remember me to all that ask for mo, but blade me BLADDERAND,BLADDRAND.V. in no teeth." 284. body's Kelly, p. BLADDERSKATE, s. Expl. "an indistinct 2. To abuse, to maltreat in whatever way, or indiscreet talker," South of S. on Aberd. Corn is said to be bladdit, when Jog your gait, ye bladderskate. overthrown by wind. Song, Maggy Lander. According to this interpretation, the first part of the word is most 3. To use abusive language, Aberd. S. A. probably from Blf.tlitr, to speak indis- If we I tinctly. might suppose the term of northern winna hear my country Maude t, it be Tho' I sud risk blue een. origin, might derived from Su.-G. bladdr-a to babble, and skata a like a Cock's Simple Strains, p. 132. magpie, q. babbling jackdaw ; or from skat a a of For blaitdin o' the tailor sae treasure, q. storehouse nonsense. But I hesitate whether the as it is The wabster winna lat it gae. Ibid. designation, given " to a piper, does not allude to the drone of his Some cried, The kirk she cares na' for't," bagpipe, ludicrously to a bladder filled with wind. An' wi their jeers did blaud her. compared A. Scott'> 96. Poems, p. To v. a. To the blades off cole- " BLADE, nip 4. To spoil, to fatigue with wet and mire;" wort, S. " Gl. Surv. Nairn. When she had gane out to blade some kail for the a little no that doons came to " 1 pat, man, braw, her, and 5. Used It's bladdin impers. on o weet," the asked if she would go with him." Edin. Mae. Sept. rain is on a that 1818, p. 153. driving ; phrase denotes showers with intermitting accompanied BLADE, s. The leaf of a tree, S. 8. squalls, A.-S. blaed, bled; Su.-G., Isl., Belg. blad, Germ. Alem. id. of Germ. Modern is used in the first sense. Es blodert, blot, plat, Instead seeking a Greek origin, it storms and with other I would view it snows ; also, blat-en to blow. etymologists, as the part, It is doubtful, whether the term be the pa. of A.-S. blew-an, bloio-an, florere, "to blow, to radically " same as used in the last to blossome to to to two senses. If it be, they bloome, ; bud, burgeon, spring, must be both viewed as Somn. ; what is or shot forth oblique, and as originally de- blaewetl, q. Mowed, ; just as Franc, noting what is beaten and tossed about by a stormy bluat, flos, is from bly-en, florere. wind. lal. blaegt-a indeed signifies, to be moved by Full of broad the motari aura BLADIE, BLAUDIE, adj. large wind, ; G. Andr. p. 31. is leaves ; to the leaves of which It possible, however, that the word, as denoting applied plants to abuse, also to strike, may be corr. from 0. Fr. grow out from the main stem, and not on to plaud-er bang, to maul. branches as " " ; Blaudie kail," blaudie beans," S. BLAD, BLAAD, BLAUD, s. A severe blow or &c. V. BLAD, BLACD, . S. stroke, BLAD HAET, nothing, not a whit. "Blad wae befa' these northern lads, haet did she say," she said Roxb. Wi' their braid swords and white cockades, nothing, They lend aic hard anil heavy Mads, 1 see, we British frogs Our Whigs nae mair can craw, man. May bless Great Britain and her bogs. Blad haet hae we to as Jacobite Helics, ii. 139. dread fatal, If frae 'neath the hooves o' cattle. Then cam a batch o' Webster lads kept A. Scott's 60. Krae liiulnry'-. llrad cari'triii, Poems, p. I WhagM than meerin ; unless, often profane language O' the that fray, day. preceded byjient or deil, as SL/urcib/e mode of express- ulson's Seasons, p. 79. ing negation, blad should be used in what is given C2 BLA [210] BLA

above as sense 1. of the the v., q. "Bang haet," equi- BLAE, BLAY, . The rough parts of wood valent to or curse it. V. HAIT, and confound HATE, left in of or S. B. BLAH, v. consequence boring sawing, thin or Germ, bleh, leaves plates ; lamina, s. Butter- BLADOCH, BLEDOCH, BLADDA, bracteola; Wachter. S. B. milk, Norw. bice, "what is hacked small in woods;" skum'd it Soho kirnd the kirn, and dene. Hallager. And left the gudeman bot the bledoch bair. 216. Bannatyne Poems, p. BLAES, s. pi. Apparently, laminae of stone, S. " to an' a They sent in some smachry or ither me, "Th mettals I discovered were a coarse free stone of their scuds, as sowr as bladoch." Journal pint ony and blaes, (dipping, to the best of my thought, toward from 9. London, p. a moss,) and that little coal crop which B. Troop saw This word is used in Aberd. and some of Ang. parts dug." State, Fraser of Fraaerfield, &c. Lett. A. 1724. and Mearns, most to the Highlands. Ir. adjacent p. 345. bladhach, Gael, blath-ach, id. C. B. biith, milk in s. Vaccinium general. BLAE-BEKRT, The Billberry ; " Linn. BLADRY, s. Expl. trumpery." myrtillus, " Nae birns, or briers, or whins e'er troubled me, Shame fall the year and the bladry o't. Gif I could find Mae-berries ripe for thee. The turn of an old Scottish when a song, spoken young Ramsay's Poems, ii. 107. handsome marries an old man, upon the account of " girl The black-berried heath (empetrum nigrum), and his wealth." Kelly, p. 296. the blaeberry bush (vaccinium myrtillus), are also abun- But it seems improperly expl. It may be either the dant." Neill's Tour to Orkney, p. 52. same with Bladarie, or Blaidry, q. v. Sw. bla-baer, vaccinium, Seren. Isl. blaber, myr- G. Andr. BLADROCK, s. A talkative silly fellow, tilli, The Dutch name has the same signification ; blaaw- Dumfr. V. v. BLETHER, bessen, bill-berries, hurtleberries ; Sewel. BLAE, adj. Livid. V. BLA. BLAFFEN, s. The loose flakes or laminae of to look or to have the To LOOK BLAE, blank, stone Fluthers Fife. ; synon., of disappointment, S. Hence appearance This must be nearly allied to Blae and Blaes, q. v. to have a blae countenance. Teut. blaf signifies planus, aequus ; superficie plana, 11011 rotunda. "Be in dread, ! Sirs, some of you will stand with a blae countenance before the tribunal of God, for the To v. a. To S. letters you have read, of the last dash of Providence BLAFLUM, beguile, that you met with." M. Bruce's Soul-Confirmation, Av'rice, luxury, and ease, A tea-fac'd p. 11. generation please, Whase limbs in silks o'erclad This, however, a livid aspect, as the pithless may signify Scarce bear the lad effect of terror. lady-handed Frae's looking-glass into the chair BLAENESS, s. Lividness, Upp. Clydes. V. Which bears him to blafl-nm the fair. BLA. Ramsay's Poems, i. 132. V. BLEFLUM, *. BLAIDIT, part. pa. Apparently the same v. n. 1. bleat to the To BLAE, To ; applied with JSlad, v. to abuse, to maltreat. bleating of lambs, and conveying the idea of " The batterie was laid to the castle and [it was] a sound rather louder than that indicated by blaidit pairtlie be the cannones that cam doun the gaitt the v. to Mae, Roxb. thame allone, and pairtlie with the cannones that war stelled vpoun the steiple headis." Pitscottie's Cron. 2. Used in the of in language reprehension, p. 490. "Made-such breaches;" Ed. 1728, p. 192. to children to blae and regard ; generally, BLAIDRY, . Nonsense. V. BLETHER, v. greet, ibid. Shall we view this as allied to Fr. beler, id ? C. B. BLAIDS, s. pi. [A disease.] a but seems to have no connection blaw signifies cry, The blaids and the belly thra. with bleating. Watson's Coll. iii. p. 13. V. CLEIKS. is disease is meant. Some view BLAE, s. A loud bleat, Roxb. It uncertain what it as an affection of the chops. A.-S. blaedr, however, BLAE, s. A kind of blue-coloured clay, Su.-G. blaedot, and Germ, blater, denote a pimple, or swellingwith many reddish pimples that eat and spread. pretty hard, or soft slate, found as a sub- A.-S. Uaecth, leprosy. stratum. It differs from Till, as this comes *. 1. mark left a the off in flakes, whereas the blae is compact, BLAIN, A by wound, S. O. discolouring of the skin after a sore, S. " " Master cumber- Plenty of stones, and of what is called blae (which The shields of the world think our that his cords and make blains is a kind of soft slate), hard copse or brushwood, and some wares, and yokes in Ruth. Lett. other suitable substances can generally be procured for and deep scores their neck." Ep. 117- Blain E. is a a blister. But the same word filling drains." Agr. Surv. W. Isl. p. 149. pustule, of these leaves after Blaes, mentioned under Blae, seems to be merely S. denotes the mark which either it. E. word to A.-S. the plur. of this . But according to the definition here The corresponds blegene, Belg. cannot lamina of stone nor But our term is more allied to given, it properly signify , bleyne, pustula. closely but be traced to Germ, bleh, thin leaves or plates. More Isl. blina, which is not only rendered pustula, also, caeeio ex verbere G. Andr. Germ, to swell. probably the substance is denominated from its colour. ; bla-en, BLA [211] BLA

This in E. is called V. Brit, vii, 292, BLAIN, . 1. A blank, a vacancy. A blain in harte, Kncycl. col. 1 . perhaps a dimin. from Dan. hoer, flax. a field, a place where the grain has not The word might seem to have a Goth, origin, al- sprung, Loth. though somewhat varied in signification. Sw. blaer, and lin-blaer, denote the hurds or hards of flax. Dan. If not a metaph. use of the preceding word, perhaps coarse Wolff. Isl. blaeior from A.-S. blinne cessatio, intermissio. blaar, flax, tow, hurds; hag a more as general sense, signifying linen cloth ; lintea, 2. In VereL pi. blains, empty grain, Banffs. " Instead of corn, is to be seen but useless nothing To BLAIR, v. n. When the flax is spread out trumpery, and very often empty bluing." Agr. Surv. for dried, after it has been it Baufi's. App. p. 51. being steeped, is said that it is laid out to blair. The ground A term to a or BLAINT, adj. applied field, appropriated to this purpose is called the of which has spot ground, frequent blanks, blairin, Ang. in of the not come consequence grain having It is probable that the . should be traced to the Loth. v., up, as this so closely corresponds in sense to Isl. blaer, aura, " Tha er blaerin hUans maetti hrimino "How are your aits this year?" weil, spiritua. ; Cum Middling caloris spiritus ; Edd. Thus the term except some rigs in the west park, that are a wee attigit pruinam the influence of blainy." evidently respects drought, which is precisely the meaning of the v. blair. A.-S. blaw-an, To v. a. To cleanse " to to blow, gives us the radical idea. BLAINCH, ; as, It is in favour of the idea, that the . is derived from blainch the to make the hollowed bear-stane," th v. that the ground on which peats are laid out to for stone, used preparing barley, fit for be dried, is also called the blairin, Ang. the Fife receiving grain, ; from E. blanch, BLAIS'D, part. pa. Soured, Ang. Fife. V. Fr. blanch-ir, to whiten. BLEEZE.

To v. n. 1. To make a . BLAIR, BLARE, BLAISE, BLEEZE, The blaise of wood, loud to in noise, ; used a those cry general sense, particles which the wimble scoops out Roxb. Ang. in boring, Clydes. V. BLAE, BLAY. 2. To as a bleat, sheep or goat, S. A. To BLAISTER, v. a. To blow with violence. About flocks I maun be carin Ithand wedderis of the eist draif on so my ; fast, I left them, poor things, caukl an' blarin', It all to blaisterit and blew that thairin baid. the Ayont moss. Rauf Coilyear, Aij. a. T. Scott't 325. V. Poems, p. BLAIBAND. A. -8. blaest-an insufflare. E. Muster seems to be originally the same word. BLARE, BLAIR, s. 1. A loud sound, a cry, South of S. BLAIT, adj. Naked, bare. There The bishops mon answer for the saull you'll see the banners flare, ay ; There Gif it be lost, for fault of or you'll hear the bagpipes rair, preist preiching, Of the richt treuth it haif na And the trumpet's deadly Mare, chesing ; In sa far as the saull is Wi' the cannon's rattle. forthy Far worthier [is] than the blait Jacobite Relict, i. 150. body, in ilk realme Many bishops wee see ; The night-wind is sleeping the forest is still, And bot ane long into ane realme to be. The blair of the heath-cock has sunk on the hill, Priests S. P. P. the cairn of of Peblis, I 29. Beyond grey the moor is his rest, On the red heather bloom he has pillowed his breast. BLAIT, BLATE, BLEAT, adj. 1. Bashful, Pilgrims of (he Sun, 95. p. S. "We preferred the temperate good humour of the sheepish, Doctor's conversation, and the house-holdry tones of "What can be more disagreeable than to see one, his to the with a wife, boisterous blair of the bagpipes." The stupid impudence, saying and acting things the Entail, i. 261. most the or others shocking among polite ; (in plain Scots) blate, and not knowing how to behave." Ram- 2. The bleat of a sheep, Roxb. say's Works, i. 111. " Blarin, the of a child also j, crying ; the bleating 2. not of a or Modest, unassuming, forward, diffident, sheep, lowing of an ox or cow, Suffolk." "Bleare, to S. roar and cry, North ;" Grose. Teut. blaer-en, boare, mugire, Mid. Sax. id. balare. "If ye ken ony poor body o' our acquaintance that's Gael, blaer-am to bluer a blate for want o' cry, cry. siller, and has far to gang hame, ye needna stick to them a o' dnnk and a BLAIRAND, gie waught ban- part. pr. Roaring, crying. Teut. nockwe'll ne'er miss't, and it looks creditable in a Gl. Sibb. house like ours." Tales of blaer-en, mugire, " my Landlord, i. 72. tu, ,111 A purse makes a bleat merchant ;" S. Prov. s. The name " BLAIR, given to that part of A man wiD have little confidence to buy, when he flax wants to which is afterwards used in manufac- money pay for it." Kelly, p. 21. ture ; after it has been properly, steeped, 3. Curt, rough, uncivil, Ang. Aberd. taken from the and laid pit, out to dry. For "Mr. Robert Gordon of Straloch, and Dr. Gordon after in old it is dried, it receives the name of lint Aberdeen went to Marischal for peace, and to eschew blood, but they got a bleat answer, and so tint Ang. their travel." Spaldiug's Troubles, i. 143. BLA [212] BLA

"an Perhaps by a transitive use of the term, q. BLAITLIE, adv. Bashfully, S. answer that makes him to whom it is given look sheep- ish." Isl. bled-ia, timorem incutere. BLAIT-MOUIT, adj. Bashful, sheepish, q. to one's mouth. 4. soft in mind. ashamed open Stupid ; q. " and Thaireftir he vrittis that scho come to Rome, BLAITIE-BUM, s. Simpleton, stupid fel- euin as the Italianis had bene sua vas chosin Paip, blait, low. that thay culd nocht discerne betuix ane man and ane had be dum. voman." Nicol Burne, F. 96. b. Sir Domine, I trowit ye Quhair gat we this ill-fairde Uaitie-bum t This is analogous to a provincial sense of the term, Lindsay, S. P. Jl. ii. 225. still retained. "Easily deceived." Gl. Surv. Nairn as Sibb. and Moray. If this be the genuine orthography, perhaps or conjectures, from Teut. blait, vaniloquus ; rather, a sense. But it is 5. Blunt, unfeeling ; secondary blait, sheepish, and bomme, tympanum. gener- written Batie v. Quhay knawis not the lynnage of Enee ? ally bum, q. Or quhay miskennys Troy, that nobyll cietye ? s. A blow, Aberd. The grete worschip of sic men quha wald not mene ? BLAIZE, And the huge ardent battellis that thare hes bene ? Rob Roy heard the fricksome fraise, We Phenicianis nane sa blait breistis has, Weel girded in his graith, Nor sa fremmytlye the son list not addres Gowif'd him alang the shins a blaize, His cours thrawart Cartage ciete alway. And gart him tyne his faith Doug. Virgil, 30. 50. And feet that day. Skinner's Misc. Poet. 130. Non obtwsa adeo gestamus pectora Poeni. Christmas Ba'ing, p. Teut. id. Virg. Su.-G. blaata, a wheal, a pustule ; blaese, 0. E. blade has been used in a sense somewhat si- the effect being put for the cause. Bleach is synon. or in same sense S. B. milar, as denoting, silly, frivolous ; the in which we now speak of a blunt reason or excuse. BLAK of the EIE, the apple of the eye, S. And if thei carpen of Christ, these clerkes & these lewd, " And so as wee remaine vnder his obedience, And they meet in her mirth, whan mynstrels ben styll, lang vs als deare to as the of his Than talleth they of the Trinitie a tale or twaine, hee counteth him, apple Brace's Eleven Serm. And bringeth forth a blade reason, & taken Bernard to wit- cheeke or the blak of his eie." nes 1591. R. 2. a. ; " And put forth a presumption, to preue the soth. You can't say, white is the black of my eye." E. Thus they dreuell at her dayse (desk) the deitie to scorne. Prov. fallen And gnawen God with hyr gorge, whan hyr guts ; And the carfull may crye, and carpen at the gate, BLAKWAK, s. V. BEWTER. Both a fingerd and a furste, and for chel quake, Is none to nymen hem nere, his noye to amend, BLAMAKING, s. V. under BLA, BLAE. But huuten hym as a hounde, & hoten hym go hence. P. Ploughman, Fol. 46. a. BLAN, pret. [Caused to cease.] him to for his A fyngerd and a fyrst, although overlooked both by I aught, as prynce, prise, prouese, " as he that al wan : Skinner and Junius, must mean, a hungred and a That wanyt noght my wourschip, And at his full blith to obeise thirst," as chel denotes cold. bidding bane, This berne fall of bewte, that all my bail! blan. Isl. bland, soft. The word seems blaud-ur, blauth-ur, Oawan and Gol. iv. 17. to be primarily applied to things which are softened by This word is left as not understood in Gl. But it is moisture. Mollis, limosus, maceratus ; bleite, macero, caused all coenum G. Andr. undoubtedly the pret. of him ; "that my liquefacio ; bleita, limus, lutum, ; p. cessavit. is feminine as sorrow to cease." A.-S. blan, blann, Wane, 32. Hence it is used to signify what ; like a v. is here used in the same opposed to huat-ar, masculine. Thus huatt and blaudt although Win, n., active sense that &c. i.e. did not cause denote male and female; the women being denominated ; wanyt noght, from that softness and gentleness of manners, which to' wane. the sex. This word also naturally characterise signi- or sudden blaze BLANCH, s. A flash, ; as, fies, timid. Bleyde, softness, fear, shame ; hugbleith, Su.-G. a blanch o' Fife. softness of mind ; Edda Saemund. ; Germ. blade, lightning, timidus. E. in like v. Belg. blood, mollis, soft, manner, This seems radically the same with Blenk, Blink, q. signifies effeminate ; also, timid. White. in relation to a market as BLANCHART, adj. 6. Dull, ; denoting Ane faire feild can thai fang, reluctance to bid, or higgling, S. B. On stedis stalwart and strang, Baith blanchart and bay. Fat sail I do ? gang hame again ? na, na, Oawan and Gol. ii. 19, That were my hogs to a blate fair to ca'. Ross's Helenore, p. 55. Fr. blanc, blanche, id. The name blanchards is given to a kind of linen cloth, the yarn of which has been 7. used as of the into the Diet. Metaph. expressive appear- twice bleached, before it was put loom ; in the blade. of who wore white ance of grass, or earn, especially Trev. An order Friers, usually " were also called Blanchards. It is commonly said, That grass is looking sheets, The term might be formed, however, from Teut. or are unco blate;" "Things looking blate, blancke, id. and aerd, Belg. aardt, nature. V. ART. or blate-like," when the season is backward, " BLANCHE, s. The mode of tenure by what and there is no discernible growth, S. A is denominated blanch farm, or by the pay- blait braird," Clydes. ment of a small duty in money or otherwise. Blanche. BLATENESS, s. Sheepishness, S. Hence the phrase Fre cure successouris in fre "If ye dinna fail by your ain blateness, our Girzy's "To be halden of ws & " blanche oure surely no past speaking to. The Entail, i. 27, 28. barony and fre nochtwithstanding ony BLA [213] BLA

actis or atatutis maid or tobe maitl contrare the rati- with them, that there are many people in the eountrey " ticatioun of charteria of blanchis or tallies," &c. Acts who never saw ale or beer all their lifetime. Brand's Ja. V. 1540, K.I. 1814, 379. Deacr. Orkney, Zetland, &c. 76. " p. p. Stanch is defined to that in Isl. holding generally be, blanda, cinnus, mixtura, pro potu, aqua mixto ; which the vassal a small to in G. Andr. Su.-G. bhind dicebatur mel pays duty the superior, aqua permixtum , full of all as his ad ineacandas services, an acknowledgement of right, quod apes ponebatur ; Ihre. either in money, or in some other subject, as a penny "A very agreeable, wholesome, acid beverage is money, a pair of gilt a of wax, or of made of butter-milk in Shetland, called bland, which spurs, pound" pep- &c. nomine albae firmae. Ersk. lust. B. ii. tit. has something of the flavour of the juice of the lime." Surv. Shetl. rr,sec. 7. Agr. p. 61. It ia supposed that this term originated from the The definition given by Brand perfectly agrees with substitution of payment in whi'.e or silver money, in- the use of the term in Norway, to this day. Blaande, stead of a duty in the produce of the land. For the blaiide, en drik af vand og mur melk, i.e. "a drink of term A/bug was used in the same sense with moneta water and sour milk." Hallager. argenlea. This waa in Fr. rendered blanc ; and was particularly transferred to a small kind of white money BLANDED BEAR, barley and common bear formerly current in France. V. Du C'ange, vo. Albus; mixed, S. Firma Alba; and Spelm. vo. Firma. " Blanded bear, or rammel, as the country people here call is the BLANCIS, s. pi. [Blazons.] it, produce of barley and common bear sown in a mixed state. These are Thair heids wer garnislit gallamllie, distinguished chiefly the structure of the ear the With costly crancis maid of gold : by ; barley having only two rows of and Braid Manas hung aboue thair r is, grain, the common bear six." P. With jewels of all histories. Markinch, Fife, Statist. Ace. xii. 531. Watson's Coll. ii. 10. From Su.-G. bland-a is formed meslin or " blansaed, mixed corn. wheat mixed with i.e. This ia mentioned as an ornament worn by those who Blen-corn, rye ; blended represented Moors, in the Pageant exhibited at Edin- corn. Yorksh." Gl. Grose. burgh, A. 1590. They are described so aa to resemble To v. a. 1. to diffuse the ornaments now placed on the foreheads of carriage- BLANDER, To babble, horses. If not allied to Fr. it be a blanc, white, may any report, such especially as tends to injure of Germ. Su.-G. Isl. album cognate blaess, bles, signum the character of S. in fronte E. S. another, equi ; whence blason, Bawsand, q. v. 2. It is sometimes used to denote the want of BLAND, s. [An honourable piece of dress.] to truth in narration a Ane fairar knicht nor he was lang, regard ; thing very Our not.hair nor ground may byde gang, common with tattlers, S. B. Na bore buklar, nor bland : Or coniin in this court but dreid. Can this be from Isl. bland-a, Dan. bland-er, to as the of truth with false- Ifaitlund Poems, p. 359. mingle, denoting blending hood, or the disorder produced by talebearers * Mr. Pinkerton conjectures that this may be for brand, sword. But it rather seems to denote some To BLANDER, v. a. To diffuse or disperse honourable piece of dresa worn by knights and men of in a and scattered often rank. Blanda, according to Bullet, who refers to scanty way ; appli- ancient Glossaries, is a robe adorned with a ed to seed-corn. This is said to be ' purple, blander'd, robe worn by grandees. He derives it from Celt, blan, when very thinly sown, Fife. great, elevated. Su.-G. blyant, bliant, a kind of pre- as "to diffuse cious garment among the ancients, which seems to Blander, signifying a report," seems to be the same term used in a have been of silk. Hence moat probably we still call secondary sense. white ailk lace, blond-lace. BlandMa, clavis, veatis purpurata, Papias MS. Du Cange. BLANDRIN, s. A scanty diffusion. "That has gotten a mere it has To BLAND, v. a. To mix, to blend. ground blandrin," been starved in *'A blandrin of Elude blandit with wine. sowing. hair Doug. Virgil, 89. 44. V. BOK. on the head," a few hairs here and Su.-G. Isl. to mix. when one is bland-a, there, almost bald ; Fife. BLAND, s. An ? engagement BLANDISH, s. The left uncut Thairto I mak ane bland grain by careless That I sail meit the heir vpon this mure to mornc, reapers, generally in the furrows, Gif I be haldin in heill. Rauf Coilyear, C. ij, a. a during kemp ; Roxb. Most probably an errat. for band. Perhaps q. "an interval;" Su.-G. bland, ibland, from BLAND, s. A drink used in the Shetland inter, between, bland-a, miscere. Islands. BLANDISH, s. Flattery, Roxb. "Their ordinary drink is milk or water, or milk and Or is't to pump a fool ye meddle, water together, or a drink which they call Bland, Wha canna read your flimsy riddle 0' blandish vain ? most common in the eountrey, tho not thought to A. Scott's Poems, p. 131. be wholesome ; which so make O. Fr. flatterie very they up, having blandice, blandys, caresse, ; Roque- taken away the butter from their churned milk, as fort. likewise the thicker parts of this milk which remains after the butter is taken out, they then pour in aome BLANDIT, part. pa. Flattered, soothed. hot water the or the thinner I upon serum, whey parts How suld leif that is nocht landit ? of the milk m a proportion to the milk. Which being Nor yit with benefice am I blandit. done, they make uae of it for their drink, keeping some lumbar, Bannatyne Poems, p. 67. for their winter provision : and this drink is so ordinary Fr. blandi, id. blander, to sooth, Lat. blandiri. BLA [214] BLA

s. mark left a wound 2. to meat or drink that is BLANE, A by ; also, Applied thin, weak, a blank. V. BLAIN. flatulent, or viewed as debilitating to the sto- mach, S. BLANKET, s. [Standard.] " Ah, sirs, thae blashy vegetables are a bad thing to "Thereafter to horse and comes they go shortly, have atween ane's ribs in a rimy night, under the bare back the Oldtown about ten hours in the through bougers o' a lanely barn." Blackw. Mag. Nov. 1820, with their four and but 60 to their morning, captives, p. 154. blanket." Spalding, ii. 154. This refers to the leaders of this band, who, although BLASNIT, adj. [Without hair.] they could bring out only sixty men, as is previously Ane trene truncheour, ane ramehorne spone, mentioned, thus set the town of Aberdeen at defiance, Twa buttis of barkit blasnit ledder, All that to hobbill taking their provost and other magistrates prisoners. graith gains schone. 160. The term blanket may be ludicrously applied to their Sannatyne Poems, p. st. 9. colours. V. BLUE BLANKET. "Probably basnit," Lord Hailes. But this does not remove the difficulty. For what is basnit? I prefer or as the of the and that blasnit BLAEDIT, part. adj. Short-winded, reading copy ; suppose may signify, bare, bald, without -hair, as expressive of the we generally express it, broken-winded. effect of barking ; from Germ, bloss, bare, bloss-en, to Ettr. For. make bare ; or rather, Teut. bles, calvus, whence blesse, Irons nuda. It was natural to mention to A.-S. blawere, conflator ; or from blaw-an, flare, and capillo this, " the leather from the art, natura, q. of a blowing nature," because an ani- distinguish meant, rough ntllions, which still mal of this description blows hard. might be in use when this poem was written. To BLASON, v. a. To To BLARE, v. n. To cry; also to bleat. V. proclaim publicly by BLAIR. means of a herald. "Erie Dauid maid ane solempne banket. The herald of blasonit this erle Dauid for ane BLARNEY, s. A cant term, applied both to Ingland and nobil &c. marvellous and to vailyeant knicht," Bellend. Cron. B. narration, flattery. xvi. c. 10.

This has been generally viewed as of Irish origin ; This seems to be an ancient sense of the v. as referr- but I can have in the no hesitation adopting etymon ing to the work of a herald, which is to blazon, or pro- which a for his in friend, distinguished attainments perly to describe, armorial bearings. has out to me. This is Fr. bali- literature," pointed a a idle dis- s. 1. "Dress over the verne, lie, fib, gull ; also, babbling or BLASOWNE, armour, course ;" Cotgr. on which the armorial bearings were blazoned, armaturae, Th. de la To BLART, v. n. To Hart down, to fall flat toga propriae More, p. 594. It seems the same with Tabart." Gl. in the mud, Dumfr. Wynt. " To BLASH, v. a. To soak, to drench. To Willame of Spens percit a blasowne, And throw thre fawld of Awbyrchowne, blash one's stomach," to drink too copiously And the actowne throw the thryd ply of weak and S. any diluting liquor ; And the arow in the body, Qwhill of that dynt thare deyd he lay. Perhaps radically the same with plash, from Germ. Wyntown, viii. 33. 21. platz-en. V. PLASH. 2. This is Whan a' the fiel's are clad in snaw, word now used in our law, to denote An" blashan or rains, cranreughs fa', the badge of office worn a king's mes- Thy bonny leaves thou disna shaw. by on his arm. To a Cowslip, Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 91. senger "In the trial of deforcement of a messenger, the BLASH, s. 1. A heavy fall of rain; S. libel will be cast, if it do not expressly mention that the to the dis- Often "a blash o' weet," a sudden and heavy rain. messenger, previously deforcement, ' ' " his which is the of his office." This differs from a dash o' weet, as conveying the played blazon, badge Erskine's Instit. B. 4. Tit. 4. s. 33. idea of greater extent. According to Leibnitz (Annot. ad Joh. Ottii Franco- 2. a of or Gall. Germ, blacsse denotes a in Thence Too great quantity water, of any ) sign general. he weak into dish or derives blazon, a term marking that sign, in heraldry, liquid, poured any potion ; " which is peculiar to each family. The origin seems to as, She cuist a great blash of water into be Su.-G. blaesse. V. BAWSAND. the or " S. pot," bowl," To BLAST, v. n. 1. To pant, to breathe Where snaws and rains wi' sleety Hash, hard, S. B. Besoak'd the yird wi' dash on dash, Now glentin hooks wi' ardour clash Up there comes twa shepherds out of breath, Thro' corn in lieu. Eais'd-like and blasting, and as haw as death. Ross's Sanest, A. Scott's Poems, p. 36. Helenore, p. 23. 2. To smoke tobacco, S. B. BLASHY, adj. 1. Deluging, sweeping away Thus Habby an' his loving spouse inundation ; S. by Concerted measures in the house, thick-blawn wreaths The of snaw or blashy thows While Grizzy at the fire was blastin', May smoor your wethers, and may rot your ewes. And Wattie aff his claes was castin'. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 82. Rmckbie's Way-side Cottager, p. 109. Blashy, "thin, poor ; blashy milk or beer. North- It is also used in this sense, as v. a. To blast tobacco, umb." Gl. Grose. to smoke tobacco, S. BLA [215] BLA

3. To blow with a wind instrument. "The next day being blasty and bleak, nobody was in a humour either to tell or to hear stories." The He hard a bugill blast brym, and ane load blaw. Steam-Boat, p. 310. Oawan and (jut. ii. 17. *. The name in Roxb. 4. To boast, to speak in an ostentatious man- BLASTING, given to the disease of cows otherwise called Cow- ner, S. " v. I could mak my ae bairn a match for the hichest quake, q. in an' I to blast." laird Scotland ; am no gien Saxon adj. Bellowing like a calf, S. and Gael, i. 100. BLATANT, " " Their farther It was better, I ween, than blasting and blawing, conversation was interrupted by a blatant which arose in and swearing." St. Ronan, iii. 43. voice, behind them, which the voice of the in unison with Su.-G. blaas-a, inspirare, Germ, blot-en, flare. The preacher emitted, that of the old like application of the word, in all its senses, is evidently woman, tones the grumble of a bassoon combined with the borrowed from the idea of blomng. It is equivalent to screaking of a cracked fiddle." Tales of 1 Ser. ni. 21. puffing, whether used simply or metaphorically. Isl. my Landlord, blast-ur, halitus, flatus. Evidently retaining the form of the part. pr. of A.-S. balare blaet-an, ; blaetende, bleating. 5. To talk words, or use lan- swelling strong Bashful. V. BLAIT. on often to blast S. BLATE, adj. guage any subject ; awa, " There this chield was blasting awa' to them on BLATELY, adj. Applied to rain that is soft the hill-aide, about up their nae lifting testimony, and gentle, not violent, or blashing, Roxb. doubt." Tales of my Landlord, iii. 9. Now bleak and surly January blaws, Wi' the leafless trees howling augh, amang ; BLAST, s. A brag, a vain boast, S. The or " blalely rains, chilling spitt'ry snaws, To say that hee had faith, is but a vaine blast ; Are wafted on the gelid angry breeze. what hath his life bene but a web of vices?" Boyd's A. Scott's Poems, p. 25. Last BatteU, p. 1197. Allied perhaps to Su.-G. bloet-a to steep, to soak, bloet, moist ; Isl. blaut, mollis, limosus, maceratus, bleit- s. A one who BLASTER, boaster; also, : speaks a, macerare ; Dan. bloed-er, id. or q. blait-like, as seem- extravagantly in narration, S. ing still to hold off, like a bashful person. To BLATHER, v. n. To talk BLAST, s. A blast of one's pipe, the act of nonsensically. . V. BLETHER. smoking from one's pipe. BLATHER, BLATHRIE, adj. Nonsensical, foolish. To BLAST, v. a. To blow up- with gun- "A 4th sort of blathrie ware we bring to Christ's powder. is a number of " grave, ill-guided complaints, that leaves This rock is the only stone found in the parish fit a number of reflections upon God, &c. M. Bruce's for building. It is quarried by blasting with gun- Lect. p. 28. V. under BLETHER, v. powder." P. Lunan, Forfars. Statist. Aco. i. 442. 1. noise V. next word. BLATTER,*. A rattling ; S. The v. occurs in O. E. although now obsolete. It BLASTER. One who is to blow to make employed up properly signifies such a noise ; also to speak stones with S. with violence and S. gunpowder ; rapidity ; In harvest was a "A Blaster was in constant employ to blast the dreadfu' thunder Which a' Britain and wonder stones with gunpowder." Pennant's Tour in gart glour ; The phizzing bout came with a Matter, nt769, p. 95. And dry'd our great sea to a gutter. BLASTIN', s. A blowing up with gunpowder, S. Ramsay's Poems, i. 335. Lat. blater-are, Teut. blater-en, stulte Kilian. "Large stones will require blasting." ACT. Surv. loqui, V. BLAITHER, which is the same. Sutherl. p 152. perhaps radically 2. Language uttered with violence and rapidity, . 1. shrivelled BLASTIE, A dwarf, S. in S. allusion to a vegetable substance that is "He bethought him of the twa or three words o' blasted. Latin that he used in making out the town's deeds ; and he Fairies were ryfe had nae sooner tried the spirit wi' that, than 1 langsyne, An unco tales o' out cam sic a them are tauld, blatter o' Latin about his lugs, that poor An' how the blasties did behave, Rab Tull, wha was nae great scholar, was clean over- When at the man's dancing lang grave. whelmed." Antiquary, i. 203. Train's Poetical Reveries, p. 18. livid. 2. A term of BLAUCHT, adj. Pale, contempt. In extasie be his brichtness atanis Jenny, dinna toss your He smote head, me doune, and brissit all my banis : An' set beauties a' abread ! your Thair lay I still in swoun with colour blaught. Ye little ken what speed Police of Honour, iii. st. 71. The blastie's makin ! A.-S. bloc, blaec; Su.-G. blek, Isl. Weii-r, Germ. Burns, iii. 230. bleich, Belg. bleeck, bleych, Dan. blaeg, Alem. pleich, E. bleak, pallidus. A.-S. Su.-G. to wax BLASTIE, BLASTY, adj. Gusty, S. blac-ian, blek-na, " pale. In the the morning, weather was blasty and sleety more and To v. a. To Aberd. V. waxing more tempestuous." The Provost, BLAUD, maltreat, BLAD, v. BLA [216] BLA

There's Lowrie the laird o' Dummeller, BLAVER, BLAVERT, s. The corn-bottle, He brags and he blaws o' his siller. Ibid. iv. 306. Roxb. Some give the same name to the Germ, blaw has considerable for it is ren- Violet, ibid. V. BLAWORT. analogy ; dered, falsus, mendax, dolosus ; blawstrumpf, a syco- an accuser, one who relates what is false BLAUGH, adj. Of a bluish or sickly colour, phant, craftily for truth Wachter. To this Teut. bias-en is Roxb. ; nearly as defined Flare et nimiis allied, by Wolfgang Hunger ; This appears to be the same with BLAUCHT, q. v. vanisque laudibus rem eft'erre, ac inani flatu infarcire. V. Kilian, vo. Blaesoen. Blaes-kaecken, which pri- BLAVING. [Blowing.] marily signifies to inflate the cheeks, is also used in relation to Buccas inflare Thair wes Having of bemys, braging and beir, boasting. ; jactare, jactitare.

doune braid wod bewis full bair : Bretynit maid Blaes-kaecke, blatero, jactator ; a boaster, a bragga- Wrightis welterand doune treis, wit ye but weir, docio. Ordanit hurdys ful hie in holtis sa haire. Qawan and Gol. ii. 13. 5. To magnify in narration, especially from a Blauing, ed. 1508. principle of ostentation, S. This signifies "blowing of trumpets," which agrees " how blaw I to what immediately follows, bragiug and beir," i.e. they'll The sun in these warm did boasting and noise. We find the very phrase in A.-S. days shine, Even that's awa'. The Uar'st st. 34. blawan byman, buccina canere. Na btawe man byman Rig, the Nor let a be This is the sense in the bfforan ; trumpet blown before thee ; apparently following passage. Matt. vi. 2. V. BEME, v. and s, Now answer me discretely, And to the point completely, s. a stroke. BLAW, A blow, And keep your temper sweetly, But naither nor blaw. He gat a blaw, thocht he war lad or lord, brag That proferryt him ony lychtlynes. Duff's Poems, p. 4. Wallace, i. 348. MS. 6. To flatter, to coax. Tout, blaeie-en, caedere. Slaw is used in this sense, It is used in " first a S. prov. phrase ; Ye burn me, Gl. Westmorel. " and then Moraine ;" sometimes written blow. Argyle, To BLAW, v. Used both as a. and n. 1. who was chief for my going to London, having burnt me would To blow in a literal sense to before, then Wow me." Baillie's Lett. i. 389. ; referring the 0' fowth o' wit verses S. your smell, wind, Tho' unco sair blaw they me ; And at command mycht also, quhan he wald, This while I'll hardly be mysel, Let thaym go fre at large, to blaw out brade. Sae learn'd an' skUl'd they ca' me. Doug. Virgil, 15. 7. Picken's Poems, ii. 62. A.-S. blaw-an, flare. 7. To blaw in one's lug, to cajole or flatter a - 2. To breathe, S. person, so as to be able to guide him at will, " Quhen the barne is brocht to the kirk to be bap- S. tizit first at the kirk dore, the minister makis solely, Thus Sathan in your knavish luggis blew, ouir the barne an exorcisme, eftir this mauer : First he Still to all treuth veritie deny and ; blawis apon the barne in takin that the euil spreit be Sua that amang ye salbe fund richt few, the powar of God sail be expellit fra that barne Bot ar infectit with devlish blasphemie. & haue na powar to noy it, & that the haly spreit sal Niool liwrne, Chrcm. S. P. iii. 454. dwel in it as gyder & gouernour." Abp. Hamiltoun's To blow in the ear, id. O. E. Catech. Fol. 129, b. 130, a. "Also the Marshall Santandrae, a suttle, craftie and malicius man, blew in hit eare, that the suttle 3. To to make S. by pro- publish, known, curement of the Admirall, he was put vp by the as- Thy glore now, the more now, semblie of states to be a bryber and an extortioner." Is kend, potent God, Kamus's Civil Warres of France, i. 141. In and schawing Uawing Su.-G. blaas-a is used in a sense nearly allied. It Thy potent power abrod. signifies to instil evil counsel. Blaas-a uti nogon elaka Burel, Watson's Coll. ii. 53. rad, alicui mala subdere consilia, Ihre. Hence he says, E. blov- is used in the same sense. oron-blaasare, delator, quive mala consilia clanculum

auribus insusurrat ; literally, one "who blows in the 4. To brag, to boast, S. Blast, synon. ear of another." Teut. oor-blaesen is perfectly cor- For men oft that na sayis fyr, prid, respondent to the S. phrase. It not only signifies in Bot discouering may na man hid. sive in aurem mussare, mussitare, obgannire aurem ; For the oft the pride furth pomp schawis, is : but rendered, blandiri Oorblaeser, a ; Or ellis the boist that it blawis. whisperer gret Kilian. Na mar ma na man sa [fyr] cowyr, ' ' I wish binna to learn the of Than low or rek sail it discouyr. ye beginning way in a woman's wi' a' a Barbour, iv. 122, MS. blowing luff, your whilly-wha's weel, sae dinna them but on auld wives Fyr is inserted from edit. 1620. ye practise like me, the less matter." Tales of my Landlord, ii. Quhat wykkitnes, quhat wanthryft now in warld walkis ? 105. Bale has banist blythnes, boist grete brag blawis. Doug. Virgil, 238. 1. 36. 8. To huff a man at draughts. I blaw or blow Boasting is here personified. you, I take this man, S. I winna blaw about mysel ; is As ill I like fauts to tell Su.-G. blaas-a, to blow, used in this sense. my ; very But friends and folks that wish me well Blaasa bort en bricka i damspel, Seren. They sometimes roose me. 9. To locks loose Burns, iii. 239. blaw appin or bolts, and to BLA [217] BLA

fetters, by means of a magical power ascribed 11. To Blaw out, v. a. To publish, to make to the breath, S. generally known. When it has been found scarcely possible to confine Al that thay fynd in hiddillis, hirnc, or nuke, a because of his or dex- blaw out, iii maunis face prisoner, uncommon ingenuity Thay xayaiul euery ; it been Lo here he fail yvis. 485. 28. terity, has supposed by the vulgar that he had Doug, Virg. received from the devil the of locks power blawing 12. To blaw out on one, to reproach him. V. open, &c. " BAUCHLE, v. sense 2. What is observable in John Fiene is, his opening Inrkx as one mere into a woman's He his baner braid by sorcery, by blowing gert display agayne ; hand while he sat by the fire." Scottish Trial of Rapreiffyt Eduuard rycht gvetlye off this thing, his blew out on that fals Witches, Glanville's Sadd. Triumph, p. 397. Bawchillyt seyll, king, ' ' As a viii. MS. John Fein blew the kirk doors, and blew in the tyrand. Wallace, 723, up The lights, which were like mickle black candles sticking Danes have a similar idiom, At blaese rod, to shew to. round about the pulpit." Satan's Invisible World, p. contempt 13. To Blaw out on to denounce This ridiculous idea still exists. Whence it has one, formally as a originated, it is not easy to conceive. It is not impro- one rebel by three blasts of the king's bable that the E. v. to blow upon, generally understood horn at the market-cross of the to refer to the act of has had head-borough Jly-bloiving, originally of the shire in which the resides an to this as the ; some affinity ; denoting magical influence person of one supposed to possess preternatural power. This old forensic phrase, S. is merely analogous to the effect ascribed to an evil eye. "There was ane counsall general haldin at Strivlin A similar superstition seems to have in prevailed in the bender end of the quhilk counsall they blewe the North of L. Ben Jonson refers to in his Sad it, out on Schir William of Crechtoun, and Schir the scene of which lies in that district. George Shepherd, of Crechtoun, and thar advertence." Short Chron. of There is this difference, however, that the virtue is James II. p. 36. ascribed to an herb, which has sprung from the sea. "Geyff the spoulyheouris or the resettouris dys- Thence shee steales forth sobeyis to the schirray, the schirra sail blaw out on To make ewes cast their lambs ! swine eate their farrow ! thaim, and put thaim to the kyngis borne as rebel- The hoiise-wifes tun not worke ! nor the milke churne ! louris, and denunce thaim as sic rebellouris to the Writhe childrens wrists ! and suck in their breath sleepe ! leutenent." Acts Ja. II. A. 1438, Ed. 1814, ii. 32. Get vialls of their blood ! and where the sea It is not that the in which Costs up his sliirie owze, search for a weed improbable sense, Harry the Minstrel uses the is an To open locks with, and to rivet charmes, phrase, merely application of the Planted about her, in tbe wicked feat language of the law in a looser way, as expressive Of all her mischiefes. of open aspersion. The Sw. v. blaas-a with the same is Reginald Scott has recorded a charm used with this analogous prep, also used in a juridical sense, different : blaasa design: although " " ut en "to a diet sound of As the hearbes called Aethiopide* will open all locks riksdag, proclaim by trumpet, (if all be true that inchanters saie) with the help of Widegreu. certeine words : so be there charmes also and periapts, 14. To Blaw Tobacco, to smoke tobacco ; used which without any hearbs can doo as much : as for ex- also as v. n. To id. ample, Take a peece of wax crossed in baptisme, and simply Blaw, doo but certeine flowres and tie them in print therein, 15. To Blaw one up, v. a. To fill one's mind the hinder skirt of and when would your shirt, you with unfounded so as to undo the blowe thrise representations, gain locke, therein, saieng ; Aratohoc hoc credit to what is false to fill with partiko maratarykin, I open this doore in thy ; groundless " name that I am forced to breake,- as thou brakest I blew him that he be- hopes ; as, up sae, hell gates, In nomine," &c. Discouerie of Witchcraft, F. 246. lieved every thing I said," S. This affords a striking proof of the extreme folly of BLAW-I'-MY-LUG, s. 1. Flattery, superstition. How absurd to suppose that a Being of wheedling, infinite purity should give the power of his name, not Roxb. White-wind, synon. merely in aid of a contemptible charm, but expressly 2. A flatterer, one who blows vanity in at the for the purpose of perpetrating villany ! This is to be traced to heathenism. ear ; sometimes ibid. folly " Pliny, Blaw-my-lug, of the vanities of " speaking superstitious magicians," 'Ay, lad?' replied Meg, 'ye are a fine blaw-in-my- vaunted much of an hearb " says; "They Aethiopm, lag, to think to cuittle me off sae cleverly.' St. Bonan, which their was of (by saying) power, by touching i. 36. to or unbolt dore whatsoever. only, open lock*, any The Dutch use the same mode of speech, but in a Hist. B. xxvi. c. 4. different sense : In't oor blaaz-en, to suggest maliciously. the it be from what is said By way, may observed, Kilian, however, expl. the v. oor-blaensen, as not only by Ben Jonson, that perhaps the vulgar idea, that cats in mussitare signifying aurem ; but, blaudiri ; and suck the breath of be traced to an ancient infants, may Germ, ohren-blaaxer denotes a wheedler, a flatterer, persuasion, that witches, transformed into the likeness and also a for tell-tale, a whisperer, a make-bate ; the of cats, could wreak their malice on mankind in this one character is connected with the other, manner. very closely and scarcely ever exists by itself.

10. To Blaw r. n. To make no noise s. 1. a S. Kudd. Lown, ; BLAW, A blast, gust, to avoid boasting, Ettr. For. He hard ane bugill blast brym, and ane loud blaw. " Gawan and Got. ii. 17. Blaw lown, Dan : dinna ken ye wha may hear ye', Tlie wide o'er urn said blighted glebe thy Charlie." Perils of Man, iii. 3. Shall in its fleecy ermines mourn, an allusion to the wind after Obviously falling, it And wail the wintry bla.'. has been loud and stormy. A. Scott's Poeau. p. 81. D 2 BLA [218] BLE

2. The direction of the wind. Anent the blaw, grass, an herb, Melica Coerulea, Linn. so as to face the quarter from which the Lanarks. wind blows, Buchan. BLAWN COD, a split cod, half-dried, Ang.; She sleeks the door to the up wa', so because Syne our her weakest shouder denominated, perhaps, exposed She wechts the corn anent the blaw, for some time to the wind. Thinkin her joe wad scud her Fast by that night. Tarras's Poems, p. 67. BLAWN DRINK, the remainder of drink in a of which one or 3. The sound emitted by a wind instrument. glass, more have been Rebellious horns do loudly tout, partaking, and which of course has been Wi' and man. whining tone, blaw, frequently blown by the action of the Jacobite ii. 64. upon Relics, S. breath, ; Jairbles, synon. Roxb. 4. A boast, a bravado, a gasconade, S. *. 1. Thus Bonaparte, loud vaunting smart, BLAWORT, The Blue bottle; Cen- It was a fearfu' blaw that, taurea cyanus, Linn., S. Witch-bells, also, Said his brigands o'er British lands, S. Should plunder, kill, an' a' that. Thumbles, B. A. Scott's 187. Poems, p. "The blaw-wort, or blue-bottle, which appears in our wheat fields in the south, here spreads its flowers 5. Ostentation, as manifested by action, S. among the flax." Neill's Tour, p. 39. The rins fu' fast ha-rig awa', To express any thing of a livid colour, it is said to For they're ane and newfangle a'; be "as blae," sometimes, "as blue as a blawort," S. But Donald thinks for a' their blaw, from bla, livid, v. and an herb. Blaver is the That he will fend. q. wort, name of blue-bells, Tweedd. The Har'st Rig, st. 22. Its a strange beast indeed ! 6. A a lie fish's falsehood, told from ostentation. Four-footed, with a head ; Of colour like a blawart blue. He tells greit blaws, S. B. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 184. Blaw seems to be used in this sense in by Ramsay, Sw. blaaklelt, blaaklint, blaakorn, id. the reply which Glaud makes to account of a Symon's "Can it be for the puir body M'Durk's health to great and unexpected political change. gang about like a tobacconist's sign in a frosty morn- blaw I chiels ne'er stand Fy, Ah, Symie, rattling ing, with his poor wizened houghs as blue as a bla- To deck and the lies aff hand. spread grossest wart?" St. Ronan, ii. 165. Gentle Shepherd, Act ii. sc. 1. 2. This name is to the Round-leaved s. tube for given BLAW-STICK, A blowing the fire, Bell-flower, Lanarks. a substitute for bellows, Ettr. For.

"Campanula rotundifolia, Round-leaved Bellflower ; s. A a a cant Blawart, Scotis. I mention this plant, because it has BLAW, pull, draught ; term, a name to some in given proper places Scotland ; as used topers, S. among Blawart-hill in the parish of Renfrew." Ure's Hist. Then come an' the tither blaw gie's Rutherglen, p. 241. O' reaming ale, Mair precious than the well o' Spa, To BLAWP, t-. n. To belch, to heave up Our hearts to heal. water, ; or blow Fergrusson'i, Poems, ii. 12. Ayrs. perhaps q. blaw, up, like Now moisten weel your geyzen'd wa'as Belg. op-blaazen, to blow up. Wi' couthy friends and hearty blaws. Ibid. p. 124. BLAZE, s. 1. A name given to alum ore, S. The sot, wha taks his e'ening blaw, An' drees the sair 2. The to sadly o't, name given a substance which lies For him the sin rise or may fa", above coal, He winna budge the mair o't. Stirlings. ' ' Picken's i. After the soil there ia found a Poems, 91. V. SKBEIGH. species of till ; after from Su.-G. inflare as which Gome's a blaze, as it is termed, and which Perhaps blaw-an, ; referring continues to a considerable P. to the act of drawing in liquids. depth." Campsie, Stat. Ace. xv. 328. V. BLAE. BLAW, s. Blossom, blow, Ayrs. I like to v. a. walk when flowers are i' the blaw, To BLAZE, To vilify, to calumniate, But like my Jenny better than them a'. Renfr. Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 146. I truly hate the dirty gate That a BLAW-FLUM, s. A mere deception, applied mony body taks, Wha fraise ane, syne Maze ane to any thing by which one is illuded, S. As soon's they turn their backs. Tannahill's Poems, 84. Thick nevelt scones, bear-meal, or pease, p. I'd rather hae from the idea of Perhaps blazing abroad ; Su.-G. Than a' their fine blaw-flums o' teas blaes-a, flare. That grow abroad. Picken's Poems, 1788, p. 63. V. BLEFLUM. BLE, BLIE, s. Complexion, colour. That s. A berne rade on ane boulk of ane ble white. BLAFUM, pompous empty person, Ayrs. ; Oawan and Gol. iii. 20. to males. V. BLEFLUM. chiefly applied For how and is hydious, holkit thine ee, Thy cheik bane bair, and blaikint is blie. s. Blue mountain- thy BLAWJNG-GARSS, Dunbar, Evergreen, u. 56, st. 15. BLE [219] BLE

" is in O. E. A.-S. This word common bleoh, blio, He went in to his supper of thin bleared sowins, color. amid his confused and noisy family, all quarrelling about their portions." Hogg's Wint. Tales, i. 335, i.e. To BLEACH down, or along, v. n. To fall thin flummery. V. BLEIRIE. flat to the ground. Bleach is also used to BLEATER, . Expl. "the cock snipe," Ettr. denote a fall of this description, Loth. For. ; denominated from its sound. Isl. verbcrare as the bleating I'erhaps from blak-a, ; denoting eilcct of a violent blow. Moes-G. bligg-wan, id. To v. n. '< BLEB, To sip. He's ay blebbin ;" he is still S. B. BLEACH, s. A blow, S. B. Gl. Shirr. tippling, Then, Dominies, I you beseech, BLEBBER, *. A ibid. far reach tippler, Keep very from Bacchus' ; He drowned all cares to my preach To v. a. To to beslabber; a term With his malt-bree BLEB, spot, ; often I've wore sair banes by mony a bleach applied to children, when they cover Of his tap-tree. their clothes with food of a liquid or soft Poems in the Buchan Dialect, P. ii. p. 29. " description ; as, Ye're blebbin' a' Border. Isl. blak, alapa. yoursel wi' your porridge," S. V. BLEIB and BLOB. BLEACHER, . One whose trade is to " BLEBBIT, besmeared. V. whiten cloth, S. Yorks. Cl. a wlutester part. pa. Blurred, of cloth." BLOBBIT. To BLEK, v. a. 1. To To BLEAD, v. a. Apparently, to train, or BLECK, blacken, to lead on to the chace. literally, S. Blaid bleck in ' ' thee, to bring a gyse, The other anecdote regards a son of Pitlurg, who And to drie penaunce soon prepare thee. got the lands of Cairnborrow. The day before the Polwart's Flyting, Watson's Coll. iii. 3. battle of Gleulivet, the Marquis of Huntly came to This contains an allusion to the custom of Cairuborrow, and applied to his lady, who was sup- many young people blackening their faces, when dis- posed to rule the roast, for her assistance. She said, they but that her old guise themselves at the New-year. V. GYSAR. she had got short warning ; man, with his with a and a footman to eight sons, jackman each, 2. To injure one's character. should attend him immediately. Huntly thanked her, and cuvettis and after some more conversation with her, desired Tlmy lichtly sone, quickly ; Thay blame ilk body, and thay blekit ; Cairnborrow, who never spoke a word, to stay at home, Thay sklander saiklcs, and thay suspectit. telling him, that, at his advanced years, it was not Scott, of Wemenkynd, Bann. Poems, p. 208. proper to take him along, especially as he had so many i.e. if their character be if lose their of his sons. The old man heard him out, and shrugg- injured, they his shoulders, said, "No,, na, Lord, I'll blead reputation. ing up my " the whelps mysell ; they'll bite the better. This was at 3. To cause moral pollution. once the reply of a sportsman and a soldier, and the is ? is the of Gods whole family went to battle with the laird at their "Quhat syn Syn transgressioun that & blekkis our saulis." head. They defeated Argyle, and returned to Cairn- command, fylis Abp. Hamiltoun's Fol. borrow." Statist. Ace. P. Rhyinnie, xix. 294. Catechisme, 1552, 93, a. A.-S. Isl. tinctorins. Schilter mentions Alem. blait-en, beteit-en, to accom- blaec-an, denigrare. blek, liquor to conducere, salvum conduc- pany, conduct, comitari, To v. a. 1. To to reduce tum dare. BLECK, puzzle, to a nonplus, in an examination or disputa- BLEAR, *. 1. Something that obscures the tion ; S. sight. Germ, black-en, plack-en, vexare, exagitare. It may 'Tis nae to mird with unco foxik see. ye be allied, however, to Su.-G. bliij-as, Isl. blygd-a, to Nor is the blear drawn o'er her ee. easy put to shame. Su.-G. blecka, no turn vel incisuram Ross's Helenore, 91. V. BLEIRIS. p. arboribus terminalibus incidere, Hire. Or it may be 2. originally the game with the v., as merely In pi. the marks of weeping, S. B. preceding signifying what is now called blackballing in a metaph. Has some bit lammie the knowe stray'd ayont sense. That ye gang craz't, wi' biters adoun yer cheeks ? Tarras's Poems, 114. p. 2. To baffle at a feat of activity, dexterity, or * Aberd. To BLEAR ones EE, to blind by flattery, S. strength, This is allied to sense 2. of nearly the E. v. s. " BLECK, 1. A challenge to a feat of activity, to dim the eyes." or Aberd. " dexterity, strength, Blmrinci your e'e, blinding you with flattery;" GI. Antiq. 2. A baffle at such a feat, ibid. The v. in 0. E. was used as to " metaph. signifying I bleare, ones I 3. Used as a school-term, and thus : Ix-guile. eye, begyle him ; [Fr.] explained He is nat in that can " Jeuguyne. Knglande ble.are his If A be below B in the class, and during eye better than I can." Palsgr. B. iii. F. 167. B's absence, get farther up in the class than BLEARED, BLEER'D, part. pa. Thin and of B, B is said to have a bleck upon A, and a bluish colour. Milk that is is skimmed, takes place of him when he gets next to him," denominated bleared, Roxb. ibid. BLE [220] BLE

A.-S. blic-an to amaze stupefacere, perstringere, ; To BLEEZE, p. . 1. To blaze, S. Somner. 2. To make a great shew, or ostentatious out- To v. a. to excel BLECK, To surpass, ; as, on S. Blast. " cry any subject, ; synon. That blecks a'," that exceeds every thing, "And ye'll specially understand that ye're no to Ettr. For. be bleezing and blasting about your master's name or mine." Rob ii. 321. This has been viewed as equivalent to, "renders Roy, it to Su.-G. every thing black." I would prefer tracing To v. a. To bleeze 1. To make suf- BLEEZE, away, ; or Isl. to to, the blush, to blek, pale blygd-az, put in fuse with blushes. to fly off flame suddenly, S. ; Fluff away, synon. BLED, part. pa. [Produced.] "He bleezed away as muckle pouther as wad hae Thre berhedis he bair, shot a' the wild-fowl that we'll want atween and As his eldaris did air, Candlemaa." Tales of Landlord, ii. 104. Quhilk beirnis in Britaue wair my Of his blude bled. BLEEZE, s. A fire made means of Gawan and Got. ii. 23. lively by furze, &c. S. Perhaps it signifies sprung, from A.-S. blaed, bled, fruit a branch. ; also, Do the best you can to hadd you het. The lasses bidding do, an' o'er they gaes, BLEDDOCH, s. Butter-milk, Roxb. V. An' of bleech'd birns pat on a canty bleeze. BLADOCH. Ross's Helenore, First Ed. p. 71. V: BLEIS. BLEEZY, s "A small flame or blaze," Gl. s. Blood Aberd. BLEED, ; Mearns, Wae's me for Deacon Ronald's jeezy, An awful hole was dung into his brow, A squib came whizzing, And the red bleed had smear'd his cheeks an' mou. Set a' its ringlets in a bleezy, Moss's Helenore, p. 15. And left them bizzing. Mayne's Sitter Gun, p. 90. * To BLEED, v. n. A term metaph. applied s. Bleeze wind, a sudden blast, to the of or when BLEEZE, of productiveness grain pulse, to a wind Fife. " ; aits applied only dry thrashed ; as, The dinnae bleed weel Teut. blaes, flatus. the year, but the beer bleeds weel," S. To Bleeze awa', or aivay, v. n. To gasconade, s. A term to accord- BLEEDER, applied grain to to talk often brag, ostentatiously ; imply- ing to its degree of productiveness when ing the idea that one magnifies in narration, thrashed; as, "a guid bleeder" "an ill bleed- S. To Flaw away, synon. South of S. er," S. O. "Ye had mair need to give the young lad dry clothes than to sit there bleezing away with your lang BLEER'D, part. adj. Thin. V. BLEARED. tales, as if the weather were not windy enow without BLEEVIT, BLEVIT, s. A blow, Buchan. your help." The Pirate, i. 106. Here there is a very appropriate allusion to the wind, Moes-G. caedere or corr. from bligg-wan, ; perhaps as to another kind of For the term vel opposed bleezing. Su.-G. blodvite, vibex, ictus sanguineolentus ; as is undoubtedly from Alem. blas-an, Su.-G. blaes-a, originally referring to a stroke which has left marks of Teut. blaes-en, flare, blood. spirare. "I ken how to turn this far better than ye do for awa' about and the is how To BLEEZE, v. n. 1. To become a little ye're bleezing marriage, job we are to win by hanging." Tales of my Landlord, iii. is said to or to be sour. Milk bleeze, bleezed, 123. it is but not S. when turned, coagulated, ; s. smart stroke with the fist BLEEZE, A ; blink, synon. " I'll a as, If ye wunna be quiet, wun ye This may either be from Germ. blaes-en, to blow, as " o' the or Roxb. the sourness referred to may be viewed as caused by bleeze mouth," face," action of air from a the the ; or blitz-en, fulgurare, heat, Teut. blutse, contusio, illisio, Kilian ; Belg. bluts, especially when accompanied by lightning, more gener- bruise, Sewel. But it more nearly resembles Fr. bless- ally this effect. "to wound or hurt, whether bloud-wipe, dry- producing er, " by blow, or bruise, Cotgr. state of 2. The part, bleezed signifies the one A hammer or mallet on whom intoxicating liquor begins to oper- BLEEZ'D, part. adj. is said to be when the with ate, S. It nearly corresponds to the E. blees'd, part which the stroke is is ruffled in con- phrase, "a little flustered." It especially given of Roxb. denotes the change produced in the expres- sequence beating, of the looked Fr. bless-er, as applied to the body, denotes the frett- sion countenance ; as, He ing of the skin. bleezed-like. *. Perhaps bleezed, in sense 2., as denoting the effect of BLEEZE-MONEY, BLEYIS-SYLVER, is different as intoxicating liquor, radically ; nearly The gratuity given to schoolmasters by their allied to Fr. blas-er, gater, alterer. II se dit en par- at Candlemas ; when he or she, who lant de 1'effet des liqueurs que Ton boit. II a tant bu pupils is or and d'eau-de-vie [aqua vitae] qui'l s'est blast. Diet. Trev. gives most, proclaimed king queen, BLE [221] BLE

that's makin' sic a haliballoo in is considered as under obligation to invite the warld." Campbell, i. 328. all Improperly spelled. the whole school, that is, the subjects for in- the time being, Loth. Roxb. BLE HAND, BLIHAND, adj. [Brownish, to We have evidence of the existence of this designa- clining purple.] tion for more than two centuries. In o robe Tristrem was " boun, The and counsall That he fram provests, baillics, discharges schip hadde brought ; all masters, regents, and teachers of bayrnis in thair Was of a blihand broun, The richest that was Orammer seholeof all craving and resavingof any bleyis wrought. In Uehand was he cledrte. aylaer of thair bayrnis and scholers. As alswa of any Sir 29. st. 38. 41. In-ill four Tristrem, p. 28, *t//i't'r exceptand penneis at ane tyme allaner- lie." Reg. Town Council Edin., Melville's Life, ii. "Blue, from bleah, Sax. caeruleus. Blehand brown. 501. A bluish brown," Gl. But the word is merely A. -S. This seems to have from S. bfae-hewen a little transformed. This, like bleak, designation originated " signi- fies caeruleus but it is also blein, bleise, as signifying either a torch or a bonfire, ; rendered, hyacinthus, of violet or Son in. any thing that makes a blaze ; and being perhaps first purple colour," The idea seems, contributed for this purpose at Candlemas, a season "a brownish colour, inclining to purple or violet." when fires and lights were anciently kindled. " *. 1. A a blister. A Even when the original appropriation fell into disue- BLEIB, pustule, tude, the money was craved ; probably under the no- burnt bleib," a blister caused by burning, S. tion of a benevolence, but somewhat in the of style Bleb is mentioned by Skinner as having the same those that were wont to but which gifts Kings ask, sense it ; although would appear that Johnson could their subjects durst not venture to refuse. Can bent find no instance of its being used as a written word. be corr. from Fr. benit, q. blessed money, as being Bleb signifies a blister, A. Bor. Gl. Grose. claimed on some Saint's day ? 2. Bldibs, pi. An eruption to which children BLEFFERT, BLIFFERT, s. 1. A sudden are subject, in which the spots appear larger and violent fall of snow, but not of long than in the Loth. Border. V. Mearns. measles; continuance, BLOB. 2. the idea of A squall ; generally conveying wind and rain, ibid., Aberd. BLEYIS-SYLVER. V. BLEEZE-MONEY. " " Bliffert, a storm, a hurricane ; Gl. Tarrae. To BLEIR, v. a. To bleir one's character, to 3. Metaph. transferred to the attack of cala- asperse it, to calumniate, Fife. mity. Probably a metaph. sense of the E. v. blear, q. to Rather let's ilk daintie sip, defile the character, as when the eyes or face are bleari-d Au' every adverse bliffert hip. or fouled with rheum, or V. Hi 1.11:1 - Tarras's Poems, p. 28. by weeping. Isl. blora, however, signifies invidia, imputatio delicti. A.-S. blaew-an, to blow, seems the radical term. Perhaps, inversion, forth-blaw, by q. A.-S.forthblaw- s. A a eructare " BLEIRIE, lie, fabrication, Ayrs. ; q. an, insufflare, erumpere, ; to belch, or break out," Somner. something meant to blear or blind the eye.

BLEFLUM, BLEPHUAI, s. A sham, an il- BLEIRIE, BLEARIE, s. 1. Oatmeal and lusion, what has no reality in it, S. buttermilk boiled to a consistence somewhat "It is neither nor to believe and be easy ordinary to thicker than gruel, and a piece of butter put saved : must stand in the end at heaven's many gates ; into the Lanarks. Lewands. mess, ; synon. when they go to take out their faith, they take out a fair nothing, (or as ye used to speak) a blejtume." 2. The name given to water-gruel, Roxb. Rutherford's Lett. P. i. ep. 2. This whether used as an or a is "Mr. Harry [Guthrie,] after once and again I had word, adj. ., pro- allied to Isl. as inculcate to him, that all his act was but a blephum, if bably blaer, aura, originally applied to so affected the air as to lose their you put not in that clause you see it has against nova- liquids by strength or natural is tions, was at last content to put it in." Baillie's Lett, taste. This idea confirmed by the origin of i. 201. V. BLAFLUM, v. Bleeze, v. Isl. Jlim, irrisio, carmen famosum. Hence ftimt-a, term to li- diffamo, flimt, nugae infames, G. Andr. p. 74. Su.-G. BLEIRIE, adj. A applied weak jtimm-a, Hludere ; E. flam, "a cant word of no certain which has little or no as " quor, strength ; etymology, according to Johnson. But it is evidently bleirie ale, Fife. from the same origin, as it has precisely the same an meaning, signifying illusory pretext. Bats. Notwithstanding the resemblance, both in form and BLEIRING, part. pa. Bleiring The signification, between the latter part of the word and bleiring Bats and the Benshaw. the Watson's Coll. iii. 13. V. CLEIKS. northern terms mentioned, there is a possibility Polwart, that it may have originated from two S. terms, Blaw This seems to be the bolta, a disease in horses. and Fleume, q. to blow phlegm, to raise air-bubbles. Bleiring may express the effect of pain in making the It seem favour of this to out Teut. may m etymon, that, as the patient cry ; blaer-en, boare, mugire. In word is at times written the of blephum, Fleume, also occa- Suffolk, blaring signifies crying a child ; also, the sionally appears as Feume. bleating of a sheep, or lowing of an ox or cow. V. Gl. Grose. BLEFLUMMERY, s. Vain imaginations, S. " s. that Fient ane can turn their fit to his satisfaction, BLEIRIS, pi. Something prevents venture nor a single cheep against a' that blaejlummery distinctness of vision. BLE [222] fcLE

I think ane man, Sir, of your yeiris Isl. blek-ia, id. fallere, decipere. Mik blecldr atst ;

Suld be with the bleiris. : Verel. not blyudit Me decipit amor bleciur, deceptus ; bleckiny, GA seik ane partie of your peires, fraudatio, G. Andr. For ye get naue of mee. S. P. Hi. 7. Philotus, Rep. BLELLUM, s. An idle talking fellow, Ayrs. This is the same with blear, s. used in the only pi. She tauld thee well thou was a skellum, Blear in E. is an "dim with rheum or water." adj.; A blethering, blustering, drunken blellum. it from Teut. a Juniug derives Dan. blar, blaer, pustule. Burns, iii. 238. Hire mentions E. blear-eyed, as allied to Su.-G. blir-a, to blossom. pllr-a, oculis semiclausis videre. It is well known that To BLEME, v. n. To bloom, was Rob. II., the first king of the name of Stewart, And hard on burd into the blemit meids from this defect surnamed Blear-eye. Amangis the grene rispis and the reids, Arryvit scho. BLEIS, BLES, BLESS, BLEISE, s. 1. Blaze, Ooldin Terge, st. 7. Bannatyne Poems, p. 10. flame. bright BLEMIS, s. pi. Blossoms, flowers. Fyr all cler The blemis blywest of blee fro the sone blent, Sone throw the thak burd gan apper, That all brychnit about the bordouris on breid. Fyrst as a sterne, syne as a mone, Houlate, i. 1. MS. And weill bradder thareftir sone, i.e. "the flowers in colour with the in bless brast brightest glanced The fyr owt syne ; rays of the sun." And the rek raiss rycht wondre fast, Moes-G. Isl. Alem. Barbour, iv. 129. MS. Belg. bloe.m, bloma, bluom, flos, flosculus. Teut. blaem-en, Alem. bly-en, florere. Mr. Pink, renders "bless, blast," Gl. sense of the That given above is still the general BLENCHE CANE, apparently equivalent to E. word, S. In the North of S. a stranger, if the fire be as the cane or duty paid law, is asked if he would have a bleise ; i.e. the fire quitrent, denoting in or in kindled up by furze, broom, or any brushwood that to a superior, whether money kind, bums quickly, so as to give a strong heat. in lieu of all other rent. ' ' saidis landis ar sett in few f 2. A torch, S. Quhair the erme, tak, and assedatiouu, or ar disponit in frie tennendrie, Thou sail anone behald the seyis large, in blenche cane, or for seruice of waird and relief, or And vrabeset with toppit scliip and barge, &c. the saidis heretable frie The ferefull brandis and bleissis of hate fyre, vtherwayes, tennentis, &c. sail brouk and thair landis efter Reddy to birn thy schippis, lemand schire. fewaris, inioy Doug. Virgil, 120. 3. the fonne and tennour of the samin in all pointis." " Ed. 433. V. CANE. The black-fishers wade up and down upon the Acts Ja. VI. 1587, 1814, p. shallows, preceded by a great torch, or blaze, [always P. Forfars. BLENCHED skimmed milk a little pron. bleise,} as it is called," Ruthven, MILK, Statist. Ace. xii. 294. V. BLACK-FISHING. soured, Aberd. V. BLINK, v. used in the This is originally the same with Su.-G. bloss, id. but same sense. more nearly allied to A.-S. blaese, fax, taeda, "a torch, that makes a Somn. any thing blaze," BLENCH-LIPPED, part. adj. Having a sense it is white mouth. 3. A signal made by fire. In this still used at some ferries, where it is customary She was lang-toothed, an' blench-lippit, Haem-houghed, an' haggis-fittit, to kindle a when a boat is wanted from bleise, Lang-neckit, and chaunler-chaftit.

An' the to dee ! the opposite side, S. yet jade The auld man's mare's dead, &c. Mile aboon Dundee ; Edin. Mag. June 1817, p. 238. . The name to a river-fish. BLEIS, given It seems the same with what is now vulgarly called nostratibus the Bleis? Sibb. Alburnus. An qui penc/t-mou'd, having a white mouth, a deformity in a Scot. p. 25. horse or mare. Fr. Wane, blanche, white. This seems to be what in E. is called Bleak, Cyprinus albumus, Liim. Alburnus, Gesner. Bleis is perhaps BLENDIT BEAR, bear or big mixed with from the Fr. name Able or Ablette. V. Penn. Zool. p. barley, S. 315. " Blended beer, that is, a mixture of rough beer and of common in Fifeshire), is not used in this BLEKE, s. Stain or imperfection. barley (so county." Agr. Surv. Peeb. p. 145. ' ' Bot geve ony spot or bleke be in the lauchful or- dination of our pastores, we may nawayis of reasone To BLENK, BLINK, v. n. I. To open the bot that cryme to the hie reproche of your impute eyes, as one does from a slumber, S. nobilitie." Q. Kennedy's Tract. Keith, App. 206. The king wp blenkil hastily. the same with E. black, . denoting any Perhaps And saw his man him There's bleck on brow or from slepand by. of black ; as, your ; spot Barbour, vii. 203. MS. A.-S. blaec, Isl. blek, liquor tinetorius. 2. a or view with the To take glance hasty ; St. Androis, p. 307, in as into. BLEKKIT, Legend Bp. " prep, added, signifying " it in Gl. blacked ; but seems to mend expl. Slenk in this mirrour, man, and ; For heir thou may thy exempill see. signify, deceived. Poems 16th Cent. p. 212. I wish to bewar Heirfore, deir Brethrene, you ; I not were blekkit Sen ye are wairned, wald ye ; 3. To throw a glance on one especially as ex- To thair doctrine come not deceatfuU nar, of S. Singand lyk Syrens to deceave the elected. pressive regard, BLE [23S] BLE

sclio niak Pawkie mowis couth ; short-lived influence of the sun when the sky Ami clap hir spnuis kiith breist and bak, Ami blenk sae winsuiulie. is much obscured with clouds, S. Jamioson'a Bull. i. 284. Popular Consider it werly, rede ofter than anys, Sae when she comes the morn, blink in her eye, Weil at ane blenk sic poetry not tane is. 5. 2. And wi' some frankness her your answer gee. Doug. Virgil, 52. " Jtoss's Udeiwre, p. He possessed small obligation to the young man, who for no would be pleased to show him any 4. To look with a favourable eye; used metaph. intreaty blink of the Assembly's books." Baillie's Lett. i. 101. in allusion to the shining of the sun, after it has been covered with a cloud. 8. A kindly glance, a transient glance expres- sive of S. "All would go well, if it might please God to blink regard, to remove the three that sae is upon Scotland, great plagues A thief pawkie my Jean, steal a a' unseen we hear continue there, hardness of heart, the pestil- To blink, by ; ence, and the sword." Baillie's Lett. ii. 117. But gleg as light are lovers' een, When kind love is in the ee. Belg. blenck-en, blinck-en, Su.-G. blaenk-a, to shine, Buna, iv. 239. to glance, to flash as lightning. Allied to these are Bnt owre left shouther I him a A.-S. blic-an, Belg. blikk-en, Germ, blick-en, Su.-G. my gae blink, Lest neebors should sae I was : blick-a, id. saucy wooer he as he'd been in drink, Recentiores, says Wachter, eleganter transtulerunt My caper'd And vow'd I was his dear lassie, fcc. ad visum, quia videre est oculis affulgere, ob insitam Ibid. p. 250. oculis non solum luminosas lucem, qua species recipi- sed etiarn radios suos in vicissim unt, objecta spargunt; 9. The consolations of the accompany- vo. Blicken. V. BLINK, v. Spirit, ing the dispensation of the gospel, S. 1. BLENK, BLINK, s. A beam, a ray. "These Dissenters have not only deprived themselves blinks of which The ground blaiknyt, and ferefull wox alsua of some soul-refreshing the Gospel, Of drawin swerdis sclenting to and fra some of the Lord's people can tell from sweet experi- The bricht and vthir armour but also have sadned the mettell, sere, ence, these years bygone ; Quharon tlie son blenkis betis cler. hearts of these ministers, and have been a dead weight 226. 8. Doug. Virgil, upon their ministry." Walker's Remark. Passages, p. " 85. 2. A of S. Sir J. Sinclair's glimpse light," This is sometimes called a warm blink. V. UP. Observ. p. 113. " 10. A moment. I'll not a I will For nineteen days and nineteen nights, stay blink," Of sun, or moon, or midnight stern, return immediately. In a blink, in a mo- Anld Dnrie never saw a blink, ment, S. The lodging was sae dark and dern. iii. 116. Minstrelsy Bonier, Since human life is but a blink, should we then its short joys sink? 3. Hence transferred to the transient influence Why Ramsay's Poems, ii. 377. of the of in cold rays the sun, especially a The bashfu' lad his errand tines, And may lose in a blink. or cloudy day. Thus it is common to speak Jenny " " Ji. Galloway's Poems, p. 201. of a warm blink," a clear S. blink," The word, as used in this sense, may originally refer of fair "A blenk, or blink, a twinkling weather." to the action of light. The cognate terms, however, Sir J. Sinclair, p. 113. in other Northern languages, immediately respect the secondary and oblique sense of the verb ; as denoting 4. to the use of borrowed Applied momentary the action of the eye. Thus Su.-G. blink, oegonblink, '' Gi'e me the blink o' a is a a cast of the oculi nictus; Germ, blkk, light ; as, candle," glance, eye," Belg. blik, oogenblik, id.; the twinkling of the eye, a give me the use of a candle for a moment, S. moment, Sewel." 5. the act of sometimes as A wink, winking ; 11. It is used improperly in regard to space, for derision, S. denoting a little way, a short distance. "I dare say ye wad gar them keep hands aff me. There cam' a fiddler out o' Fife, But trow that Sir Arthur's command could forbid ye A blink beyond Balweary, &c. the o the or the blink o' the or gibe tongue e'e, gar Jacobite Relict, i. 21. them gie me my food wi' the look o' kindness that gars it sae weel?" i. 261. digest Antiquary, BLENSHAW, . A drink composed of meal, Sw. blink-a, and blikk-en, both to wink. Belg. signify milk, water, &c. Strathmore. 6. A of gleam prosperity, during adversity. Fr. blanche eau, q. whitish water. "By this blink of fair weather in such a storme of the forrain assaults, things were again somewhat changed, BLENT, pret. Glanced, expressing quick and the Brucians Hume's Hist. encouraged." Doug, motion of the eye. p. 69. The sylour deir of the deise dayntely wes dent "There comes a blink of favour, and from hope Rome, With the doughtyest, in thair dais, dyntis couth dele, by the of France." procuring Bright letteris of gold, blith unto blent, Makand mencioune maist of manhede couth mele. 7. Also transferred to a a stroke of the quha glance, Gawan and Ool. i. t>. or transient view of the eye, any object ; To the Newtoun to pass he did his payn

idea To that ilk and went in ; being borrowed, either from the quick house, sodanlye About he blent on to the burd him bye. transmission of the of rays light, or from the Wallace, ii. 329. MS. BLE [224] BLA

Eneas blent him by, and suddanly Su.-G. bladdr-a, Germ, plauder-n, to prattle, to Vnder ane rolk at the left side did to Teut. stulte Lat. spy chatter, jabber ; blater-en, loqui ; Aue wounder large castell. blater-are, to babble, to clatter and make a noise ; also, 183. 25. Doug. Virgil, to falter in speech. Blent occurs as the obsolete part, of blend. Here it Sw. pladr-a, id. ffoer hur de pladra Fransoeska ? have a cannot well be must different origin. It from D'ye hear how they gabble French ? This is the very blenk, unless we view the v. as very irregular. Per- phraseology which a Scotsman uses, when speaking of it is more allied to Su.-G. haps immediately bliga, blia, a strange tongue; as, "Hear! how they're bletherln' intentis oculis aspicere, q. bligent. Blicken, blencken, Erse." &c. are viewed as frequentatives from this verb. To BLETHER, BLATHER, BLADDER, v. a. To BLENT, s. A glance. talk nonsensically, S. As that drery vnarmyt wicht was sted, But tho' it was made clean and And with ane blent about simyn full raed, braw, Sae sair it had been Alas, quod he, wald god sum erd or sand, knoited, Or sum salt se did swallow me alive. It blather'd buff before them a', And aftentimes turn'd doited. Doug. Virgil, 40. 50. " Ramsay's Poems, i. 70. siniyn full raed," appearing very much afraid. At ither times, opinion traces claims to win the Muses BLENT, pret. [Lost.] My graces Thus form'd for Bedlam or Parnassus, Methocht that thus all sodeynly a lycht, To blether nonsense. In at the come at I lent, wyndow quhare Rev. J. Nicol's Poems, i. 86. Of which the chambere wyndow schone full brycht, And all so it hath my body ouerwent, BLETHERAND, part. [Flattering, cajoling.] That of my sicht the vertew hale I blent. and bletherand, in the face ane King's Quair, iii. 1. Blyth lyk angell Fordun, Swtichron. ii. 376. Here the pret. is used in a directly op- signification line occurs in a under to as the loss [This translation, partly quoted posite that mentioned above ; denoting ASK. The vocable is of the of either A.-S. the corresponding blanda.] power sight ; from blent, part of used in a neuter A.-S. blend-ian, caecare, (Lye) ; BLATHER, s. Nonsense, foolish sense : or from A.-S. blinn-an, Germ. Minn-en, cessare, BLETHER, deficient. S. often used in whence blind, V. Wachter. talk, ; pi. mentions I as ' ' I lette or Palsgr. blente, signifying, For an they winna had their blether, Je This he "is to hynder. empesche. terme," adds, They's get a flewet. [too] moche northerne." B. iii. F. 167, b. Hamilton, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 336. I backward mus'd on wasted To a verb used both as neuter, and time, BLENT, How I had spent my youthfu' prime, active, formed from Blent the old pret. of An' done nae-thing, But blethers in the v. to Blink. stringin up rhyme, For fools to sing. Burns, iii. 100. To BLENT v. n. The sun is said to blent up, I shall scribble down some blether up, i.e. to shine after the sky has been over- Just clean aff-loof. Ibid. 244. cast, Loth. p. BLAIDRY, s. 1. Nonsense, S. To BLENT Fire, v. a. To flash, Fife. BLADDRIE, Is there ought better than the stage BLENTER, . 1. A boisterous intermitting To mend the follies of the age, If as it to wind, Fife. manag'd ought be, Frae ilka vice and blaidry free ? Now cauld Eurus, snell an' keen, Ramsay's Poems, i. V. Life, xliv. Blaws loud wi' bitter blenter. When will the stage be thus managed? And al- A. Douglas's Poems, 31. p. though it were, would this indeed be the beat means This, which seems to be the primary sense of the for the reformation of manners ? its formation from A.-S. bleow- " word, suggests blawend, Meikle wrath, and bladd'rie, and malice, think they to end, the of blaw-an, bleow-an, flare, blow ; to into but our Master will all part. pr. put our cup ; put through blawung, flatus. the channel of a covenant." M. Brace's Soul-Con- firmation, 23. 2. A flat stroke; Fife. p. This seems allied to Alem. to strike bliuenti. 2. it to bliuun, ; Sometimes would seem equivalent E. percutiens, striking ; Schilter. Moes-G. bliggwan, id, flummery or syllabub, as if it denoted unsub- BLET, s. [A piece, q. blad.] stantial food. "Ane litle coffer in forme of ane coid of grene velvet "They are transmitting nothing to them but blad- pasmentit with gold and silver and ane blet of reid drie instead of wholesome food, and dross and coun- satine about it." Inventories, A. 1578, p. 238. terfeit instead of real gold." Ibid. p. 21. V. BLATHBIE. This word, if not an errat. for belt, seems equivalent to piece, or Blad, used in other places of this Inventory. 3. The term is often used to denote the phlegm that is forced up in coughing, especially To BLETHER, BLATHER, v. n. 1. To speak when in a great quantity, S. indistinctly, to stammer, S. pron. like fair. This should possibly be viewed as the primary sense. 2. To talk S. In doubtless, to this the Crieff nonsense, allusion, signification, " beadle said to an old minister after Ye'll My lordis, we haif, with diligence preaching ; be hae a hantle olethrie aff Bucklit weile up yon bladdrand baird. better now, Sir, ye gotten Lyndsay, S. P. Repr. ii. 132. your stamock the day." BLE [225] BLI

A.-S. 4. or vain blic-an, coruscare ; Meet, coruscatus. Aleni. Empty parade ; perhaps commenda- blechft, Germ. Uickrt, splendet. Hence tion, unmerited V. BLADRY. bl'uj, fulgur. applause. bliec/ia, fulgura; Schilter. BLETHERER, s. A S. Gl. Herd. babbler, BLYDE, BLYID, adj. The pronunciation of g. in Fife and BLETHERING, 1. Nonsense, foolish language, blithe, cheerful, Angus. o. Blyid Jamie, a youdlin like a fir in its blossom, Sair sabbit his tongue, a tear filled his e'e, fcc. 2. Stammering, S. M& Poem. " This corresponds with the Scandinavian form of the Stammering ia called blethering," Gl. Herd. word; Su.-G. b/id, Isl. blid-vr, also with Alem. bliil, BLEW. To look blew, to seem disconcerted. Belg. blyde, hilaris. The E. word retains the A.-S form. It conveys both the idea of astonishment of s. and gloominess, S. BLIERS, pi. The eye-lashes, Aberd.; also Tlmii answert Meg full Mew, Briers. To get an hude, I bald it best. Peblis to tlui Play, st 2. BLIFFART, s. A squall, &c. V. BLEF- The phrase seems borrowed from the livid appear- FERT. ance of the face, when one is benumbed with cold, or affected with To deeply fear, anger, &c. For blew, 8. ia BLIGHTEN, v. a. To blight. often with syuon. blae, livid. "In out a August lay piece of ground, in a place To not subject to Uightniny winds, which are de- BLEZZIN, v. a. To publish, to propa- very structive to these flowers" [hyacinths]. Maxwell's ; the same with E. gate, Ayrs. evidently Sel. Trans, p. 266. blazon. To BLIN, BLYN, BLYNE, v. n. To cease, to To v. n. To Buchan. BLYAUVE, blow, desist, S.; also blind. Till him BLIBE, s. The mark of a stroke I thai raid onon, or thai wald blyne, And cryt, Lord, abyde, your men ar martyrit doun. Some parli'menters tak may bribes, Wallace, i. 421. MS. Deservin something war than blibes. Blyn not, blyn not, thou grete Troian Enee, Taylor's S. Poems, p. 9. Of thy bedis, nor prayeris, quod sche. V. BLOB, sense 2, also BLYPE. BLAB, Doug. Virgil, 164. 22.

Tharfore herof now will I BLICHAM, s. (gutt.) A contemptuous desig- blyn, And of the Arthur I wil nation for a Perths. kyng bygin. person, Ywaine, Ritmn'a 8. M. R. i. 3. A.-S. blinn-an, cessare, is the immediate source. BLICHEN, BLIGHAN, s. (gutt.) 1. A term But this is contr. from bilinn-an, id. This v. occurs in to a in almost all the commonly applied contempt person ancient Northern languages, although of a " diminutive size ; He's a blich- variously formed. Moes-G. af-linn-an; Jah haligaiv " as, puir " aftinnith af imma ; Et discedit ab Luk. ix. an ! re aegre eo, ; You ye' a bonny blichen indeed " 39. In A.-S. alinn-an is also used; Alem. bilunn-an, to sic a ! Loth. pretend thing pilin-an. In Isl. and Su.-G. it occurs in its simple It has id. Ihre refers to been supposed from the idea conveyed, that form, lliin-a, also, linil-a, Gr. eXfi>K-u>, it be as a term. may derived from the E. v. To Blight, a term of cesso," quiesco, cognate O. E. I I or I cease unknown origin, according to Johns., but probably blynne, rest, of. He neuer felt from or neuer shall that hath a A.-S. blic-an fulgere, as originally denoting the wo, blynne, bisshope to hia B. iii. effect of lightning in blasting vegetable substances. kynne." Palsgr. F. 168, a. C. B. The same word, also assumed the bychan signifies puny, diminutive ; Teut. blick is radically viewed, more form of Knue. This umbra ; and Isl. blika, nubeculae rariores. simple term occurs so late as the time of Ben Jonson. 2. Used to denote a worn out animal " Set a on lean, ; beggar horse-backe, hee'll neuer linne till " " hee be a of as, That's a blichen" or an auld blichen gallop." Staple Newes, p. 62. V. LIN, v. o' a a beast," sorry horse, one that is nearly To BLIN, v. a. To cause to cease. unfit for any kind of work, Dumfr. Other God will thai non have, Bot that lytill round knave, 3. A a Thair baillis for to spark ; lively, shewy young man, Loth. Wi. Sir Penny, Chron. S. P. i. 141. 4. harum-scarum A fellow; synon. Rattlescull, Lanarks. BLIND-BELL, s. A game formerly common in Berwicks., in which all the players were 5. A worthless Dumfr. fellow, hoodwinked, except the person who was cal- led the Bell. He carried a which he BLICHEK, (gutt.) s. A spare portion, Ettr. bell, For. rung, still endeavouring to keep out of the way of his hoodwinked partners in the game. BLIGHT, adj. An epithet expressive of the When he was taken, the person who seized coruscation of armour, in the time of action. - him was released from the bandage, and got The battellis so brym, braithlie and Were blicht, of the the joint tliraly in thrang, moiiy thowsand. possession bell; bandage being Xoulate, ii. 14. MS. transferred to him who was laid hold of. E 2 BLI [226] BLI

BLIND the name given to the BITCH, bag BLIND MAN'S BALL, or Devil's snuf-box, used JEttr. For. the formerly by millers, ; Common puff-ball, S. same with Black v. " Bitch, q. Lycoperdon Bovista. The Blind man's Ball. Scot, ' ' aust." Ane had better tine the blind hitch' x litter than hae Lightfoot, p. 1122. It is also called Blind man's i.e. S. B. the mill singed wi' brimstone." Perils of Man, iii. 39. ten, eyes, These names may have had their origin from an idea, to the whole BLIND brose without butter said which, according Linn., prevails through BROSE, ; of Sweden, that the dust of this plant causes blindness. to be so denominated from there being none V. Flor. Suec. of these small orifices in them, which are BLYNDIT, pret. and part. Blended. called eyes, and which appear on the surface That berne raid on ane boulk, of ane We quliite, of the mess which has butter in its compo- Blymlit all with bright gold, and beriallis bright. Gawan and Ool. iii. 20. sition, Roxb. BLINDLINS, adv. BLIND-COAL, s. A species of coal which BLYNDLINGIS, Having the hoodwinked. It denotes the produces no flame, Lanarks. eyes closed, state of one who does as if he were ' ' any thing This coal-field contains four different kinds of coal, S. termed by practical men, 1. Splint-coal. 2. Open- blind, burning cubical coal. 3. Smithy or caking coal. 4. Skarslye the wachis of the portis tua Blind-coal." Bald's Coal-Trade of S. p. 100. Begouth defence, and melle as thay mycht, " in the batall When it has but little bitumen, and is composed Qulien blyndlingis fey thay ficht. 50. chiefly of carbon, it yields scarcely any flame, but a Doug. Virgil, 22. strong heat, and gets the name of bliitd-coal." Agr. "All the earth, depryvedof eyes to see, wondered, Surv. Ayrs. p. 49. blyndlintjes, after the Beast." Bp. Forbes, Eubulus, p. It has been remarked by philologists, that, in dif- 137. ferent the term blind denotes or the languages, defect, Germ. Dan. blindlings, id. V. LING. want of a which an seems to " property object possess ; This term was not unknown in O. E. Blyndlyng, as Germ, blinde Su.-G. fenster, blindfoenster, E. a blind as one gothe in the darke that seketh his way with his Su.-G. a blind &c. Wachter window, blinddoer, door, handes." Palsgr. F. 440, a. views this as the sense of the primary word ; deriving it from A.-S. blinn-an, &o. cessare. BLIND-MAN'S-BELLOWS, s. The devil's Roxb. BLIND HARIE, Blind man's buff, S. Belly- snuff-box, Lycoperdon bovista, Linn., blind, synon. BLIND PALMIE or PAWMIE, s. One of Some were blyth, and some were sad, the names to the of Blindman's- And some at Blind Harris given game they play'd : Roxb. But suddenly up-started the auld carle, buff, I redd tak' tent o' me. ye, good focks, Perhaps because the person who is blindfolded re- Humble Herd's ii. Beggar, Collection, 29. ceives the strokes of in this others sport ; Fr. paumee, With respect to the term Harie, nothing certain can a stroke or blow with the hand. V. BELLY-BLIND. be said. I can scarcely think that it is the common s. name Harry or Henry ; as this is not familiar in S. BLINDS, pi. The Pogge, or Miller's It more refers to the used the probably disguise by Thumb, a fish, Cottus Cataphractus, Linn. person from whom the game is denominated, as it was It is called Blinds on the W. coast of S. celebrated in former times. It has been observed, vo. Glasgow, Statist. Ace. v. 536. Belly-blind, that in the Julbock, from which this sport Perhaps it receives this name, because its eyes are seems to have originated, the principal actor was dis- very small. V. Penn. Zool. iii. 177, 178. Ed. 1st. guised in the skin of a buck or goat. The name Blind JIarie therefore arise his might from rough attire ; as BLIND TAM, a bundle of rags, carried by he was called blind, in consequence of being blindfolded. female made so as to It might be supposed that there were some analogy mendicants, up pass between this designation and Betty-Blind. As it has for a child, in order to excite compassion and been observed that Billy Blyndin E. denotes "a fa- secure Aberd. charity, ; synon. Dumb Tarn. miliar spirit." Auld Harie is one of the names given by the in S. to the devil. Or it vulgar may signify, To BLINK, v. n. To glance, &c. V. BLENK. Blind Master, or Lord, in ironical language. V. HERIK. In addition to what has been it formerly said, may To BLINK, v. n. 1. To become a little sour; be observed, that this sport in Isl. is designed kraekis blinda a term used with to milk or beer, S. ; either from kraeke, hamo figo, because he who respect is blindfolded tries to catch others, alios fugientes in- Blinkil milk is that which is a little turned in con- et in certo of the heat of sequitur, spatio captare parat, G. Andr. ; or sequence the weather. Beer is said to be from Su.-G. kraeka, to creep, because he as it were blinkit, when somewhat soured by being improperly about in the dark. to or affected creeps We may observe, by the exposed heat, by lightning, Bleeze, synon. that this v. way, Su.-G. seems to give us the true origin This word occurs in an additional stanza to Chr. of E. cricket, an insect that chirps about chimneys. Kirk, printed in Bp. Gibson's edit. From kraeka is formed a that kraek, reptile, any thing The bridegroom brought a pint of ale, bade the it creeps. And piper drink ; Verelius supposes that the Ostrogoths had introduced The bride her maidens stood near by this said it was game into Italy ; where it is called giuoco della And na blinked. cieca, or the of the blind. V. CHACKE-BLYND- " play I canna tell you fat was the matter wi't ale], UAN. [the gin the wort was blinket, or fat it was, but you never BLI [227] BLY

gaw sik in born Journal from Lon- . to peltry your days." BLINK, To gie the blink, give the slip, don, p. 3. Aberd. To blink as a Baillie gives, beer, provincial phrase, " Aft in dire to keep it unbroached till it grows sharp." frenzy they sink, All" each care t/it blink This is not exactly synon. with blaie d or blefzed. gie gangrene Ttirms's Poems, p. 60. For milk which is blinkit, being too hastily soured, is in a bad and not so fit for the stomach. s. state, BLINKER, A lively engaging girl, Ko.\l>. " This is in the Gl. to to be a term of 2. The term is also metaph. applied to what is said, Burns, It is most probably formed from the K. i: viewed as the effect of influence. contempt." Papal as referring to the means used by those females who "That sleep-drink of this Antichristian intoxicating wish to decoy. toleration was then brewed in hell, blinked in Rome, s. who is blind of one and propiued to Scotland, as a preservative for the cup BLINKER, A person of the whore's fornications." Society Contendings, p. eye, S. Blinkert, id. Lancash. Gl. 308. This seems to have been a favourite figure, as it oc- BLINNYNG, part. pr. curs in other works. Bacheluris, blyth Uinnynn in youth, "In the 1687, he forth his hell-browen, and gave And all my lufaris leill, my fugeing persewis. virtue of his Rome-blinked Popish Toleration, by royal MaiUand Poems, p. 62. and absolute power, which all were to prerogative This ought certainly to be blunting (blooming), as it without reserve, which the foresaid famous Mr. obey is printed edit. 1508. Andrew Melvil called the bloody ijully ; and all ranks of land of and of the the accepted it; eight leading To BLINT, v. n. To shed a feeble glimmer- Presbyterian ministers sent to him an abominable, sin- light, Aberd. ful, and shameful letter of thanks in name of all Pres- ing byterians in Scotland." Walker's Remark. Passages, To BLINTER, v. n. 1. To shine feebly, or p. 153. with an unsteady flame, like a candle going 3. To be to be half Fife. As blinkit, drunk, out, Moray, Aberd. this v. in its primary sense corresponds to 2. To bring the eye-lids close to the pupil of bleeze, it admits of the same oblique appli- the eye, in of a defect of vision, cation. consequence ibid. Su.-G. Uaerik-a, Germ, blink-en, coruscare, to shine, 3. see to ibid. to flash, to lighten, the same with-A. -S. blic-an, with To obscurely, blink, the insertion of struck with we / q. lightning, which, It seems to be used in this sense in the following know, has the effect of liquids sour ; or as de- making passage : that of sunshine, or of the heat of the weather. noting He's acquaint wi' ane like you, "Our ain to like a his gudeman's begun drappie ; Whase lilts wad gar a Quaker blinter, temper's sair changed now, for he's capernoity at the An' busk the daisie braw in winter. best when he's he wad wi' the ; an', blinket, fight Tarras's Poems, p. 20. wind." Campbell, i. 330. This may have the same origin with Blent, glanced ; or be traced to Dan. blund-er, to to wink at. 4. To be blinkit, to be bewitched. twinkle, This is given, by a very intelligent correspondent, as BLINTER, s. Bright shining, Aberd. one sense of the term in S. the district is suit o' Although A sonsy hap-warm plaidin ; not I it is mentioned, suspect that Angus. To bang the nippin frosts o' winter, This sense must be borrowed from the supposed bad An' fend the heat o' simmer's blinter. effect of the glance of an evil eye. Tarraa's Poems, p. 2'2. A.-S. blic-an, in which we have the more primitive To BLINTER, v. n. To to make haste, form of this word, rush, signifies stupefacere, terrere, per- Aberd. stringere, "to amaze, to dazzle;" Somner. A.-S. ablicyed, territus, stupefactus ; "terrified, amazed, The cattle tiawe an' blinter astonied, blank," id. V. the letter N. It seems to To the lochs for drink at noon. have originally denoted the stupor occasioned by a Ibid. p. 06. V. BLENTKR, s. Hash of lightning. BLYPE, s. A stroke or blow. " To BLINK, v. a. 1. To blink a lass, to play This blype o' a fa' was the luckiest thing that could the male with hae come o'er me, for whun I rase, the uncoest soun' jilt her, Fife ; Glink, synon., cam' doun the ever heard." Saint Border. cleugh ye Patrick, i. 166. I have no doubt that this is an oblique sense of the s. A a shred to the v. originally signifying to shine. Whether it alludes BLYPE, coat, ; applied to the souring of liquids, as a young woman who has skin, which is said to come off in blypes, been is slighted generally rendered less marketable ; when it in coats, or is rubbed off in or has any reference to the play in Teut. called blick- peels micare I shreds ; S. l>ei K/>elen, digitis ; cannot pretend to say. He takes a auld 2. To to swirlie, moss-oak, trick, deceive, to nick, Aberd. For some black carlin grousome ; Foment the guard-house door, An' loot a winze, an' drew a stroke, Till skin in Meg Angus sair was blinkit ; bli/jies came haurlin She coft frae this wild tinkler core, AfTs nieves that night. For new, a trencher clinkit- Burns, iii. 136. Tarras's Poems, p. Perhaps radically the same with Flype, q. v., or a For etymon V. BLINK, v. n. different pron. of Sleib. BLI [228] BLO

deed are Ihre as To BLIRT, r. n. 1. To make a iioise, in given by secondary senses. But, al- to though perhaps less used, one or other of them may weeping, cry. have the common " preceded acceptation of the term. "I'll bllrt gar you with both your een ; S. Prov. Kelly, p. 397. To BLITHEN, v. a. The same with BLITHE, It is allied to Germ, probably blaerr-en, plarr-en, v. Ayrs. mugire, rugire, Wachter; Belg. blar-en, to howl, to " to roar E. an obsolete word They were met by a numerous multitude of the cry, ; blare, mentioned by people, and at their head was blith- Skinner. Perhaps E. blurt is also radically allied. my grandfather " enfit to see his old the Dominick Blirt, to cry;" A. Bor. Grose. friend, gentle monk, Callender, in a soldier's R. Gilhaize, i. 273. It is generally conjoined with the v. to Greet ; as, garb." To Blirt and Greet. *. ' ' BLITHEMEAT, The meat distributed He added, that when he saw the bit bonny Eng- those who are at the birth of lish callan', that was corned o' sic grand blude, grow among present sae desperately wae, an' fa' a blirting and greeting, his a child, or among the rest of the familv, heart was like to come out at his mouth." Perils of S. as the Man, i. 101. pronounced, blyidmeat, Ang. adj. itself, blyd, bit/id. I need not say, that this 2. It is used actively to express the visible word has its origin from the happiness oc- effects of violent weeping, in the appearance " casioned a safe of the and face a' by delivery. eyes ; as, She's blirted "Likewise sabbath wi' Fife. days feastings, bly/hemfats, greeting," banquetings, revelling, piping, sportings, dancings, laughings. table-lawings, &c. and all such like, we BLIRT, s. The action expressed by the v. ''A disown all of them." Paper published by the followers blirt of a violent burst of greeting," tears, of John Gibb, 1681. V. Law's Memorialls, p. 191, N. accompanied with crying, S. B. Triformu Howdie did her skill For the blyth-meat exert, &c. BLIRT, s. 1. A gust of wind accompanied Taylor's S. Poems, p. 37. with rain Loth. A smart cold shower with ; BLITTER-BLATTER, adv. A reduplica- wind, W. Loth. tive term used to express a rattling, irregular 2. An intermittent drizzle, Roxb. noise, Dumfr. Tat, tat, a-rat-tat, clitter clatter, 1. As to the BLIKTIE, adj. applied weather, Gun after-gun play'd blitter blatter. signifying inconstant. A blirtie day, one Afayne's Sitter Gun, p. 31. that has occasionally severe blasts of wind BLYVARE. [Blyther?] Yit the to that dere drew and rain ; Loth. West of S. induring day full sweitest of Stoannis swonchand swyith, sware ; In rokattis as I 2. The idea is transferred to poverty, quhite arrayit, rycht knew, That thai wer Byshoppis blist I was the blyvare. ! poortith is a day, wintry Houlate, i. 14. MS. Cheerless, blirtie, cauld, an' blae ; A friend that this is meant for But baskin' under fortune's ray, literary suggests There's joy whate'er ye'd have o't. believer. as Tannahill's Poems, p. 19. Can this be corr. for blyther? For Blyve, Mr. Ritson ig sometimes thus used instead of Isl. blaer, aura, a blast of wind, may perhaps point observes, blithe. out the radical term. E. blurt seems to be originally the same. BLYWEST, adj. superl. BLYTE, s. A blast of bad weather, a flying In the middis of Maii, at morne, as I went, Throw mirth markit on mold, till a grene maid, shower, Loth.; with JBlout, v. synon. q. The blemis blywest of blee fro the sone blent, They seem radically the same. That all brychnit about the bordouris on breid. Houlate, i. 1. MS. v. a. To " " ToBLYTER, besmear, Aberd.; Blythest, most merry, Gl. Perhaps it rather re- fers to colour the Teut. Isl. part. pa. blytert. ; q. palest. bly signifies lead. It was so bright that the flowers of darkest hue Yir wizzent, yir gizzent, reflected the Wi' blyter't grief and sorrow. rays. Tarras's Poems, 14. p. To BLIZZEN, v. a. Drought is said to be This seems a of only provincial variety BLUDDER, when the wind and withers BLUTHER, q. v. blizzening, parches the fruits of the earth, S. B. To BLITHE, BLYTHE, v. a. To make glad. It may be a frequentative from Su.-G. blas-a. Germ. Forsuth, he said, this blythis me mekill mor, or bias-en, A.-S. blaes-an, to blow ; originally the same Than off ye gaiff me sexty scor. Floryng with Bloisent, q. v. Wallace, ix. 250. MS. A.-S. laetari Alem. s. tumid or circu- bliths-ian, ; blid-en, gaudere. BLOB, BLAB, Any thing But our v. is formed from the perhaps immediately lar, S. 1. A small globe or bubble of any adj. Ihre derives Su.-G. blid, hilaris, from Lat. laetm, b being prefixed, which, he says, is common with the liquid. Goths. As, however, bleiths is used by Ulphilas, as "Gif thay behandillit, they melt away like ane blob signifying merciful, the word can scarcely admit of a of water." Bellend. Descr. Alb. c. 11. ' ' Lat. origin. The sense of bleiths is nearly retained in A true Christian knoweth, that though both his the use of Su.-G. blid, mitis, also, liberalis. These in- eyes should sinks downe into his head, or droppe out BLO [229] BLO

like blolibfi or droppes of water, yet that with these Sometimes the phraseology used ig to blok bafjan', or conclude a same eyes riinne into water, hee and none other for i.e. to make bargain. him shall see his Redeemer." /. Boyd's Last Battell, "That none of his Majesties lieges presume nor tak hand to blok or p. 3. vpon buy, sell, bargane, contract, sett in tack for or with other Her een the clearest blob of dew outshines. receipt delyverie, any or 4c. Acts Ja. VI. Kd. Ramsay's J'oemJt, ii. 94. weght, mett, measure, 1618, " 1814, p. 589. Bleb, a bubble ;" Gl. Lancash. " to block a to 3. To ; as, shilling," 2. A blister, or that rising of the skin which is exchange i.e. to the effect of a blister or of a stroke, S. exchange it, bargain by accepting in lieu of Dumfr. Hi nkis, bylis, blobbis and blisteris. copper it, Jtoul's Curs. HI. Ctmpl. p. 330. BLOCKE, BLOCK, BLOK, . 1. A scheme, a 3. A so called from its ; used in a bad sense. large gooseberry contrivance ; generally or from the softness of its globular form, Saturnus get Juno, That can of wraith and malice neuer skin, S. ho, Rolling in mynd full inony cankirrit Wait, 4. a as " a blab of S. de- Has send adoun vnto the Troiane nauy A blot, spot ; ink," Iris Doug. Virgil, 148. 4. nominated from its circular form. perhaps Out of thy hand his bluid sail be requyrit : Tlimv This is radically the same word with Blelb, q. v. gall not chaip mischeif, doe quhat thow can, that in that blok with the Skinner derives E. bleb from Germ, bla-en, bkk-tn, to Nor thay, conspyrit. swell. ilaitland Poems, p. 234. 2. A blurred. bargain, agreement. BLOBBIT, part. pa. Blotted, " " Quhat-sum-ever person or pergones, in time dim- Fra thyne furth thair sail nane exceptioun anale ming, be onie block or bargaine, upon pledge or annual- aganis the Kingis breuis, quhether that thay be lang rents alsweill of victual, as of money, sail take or writtin or schort, swa that thay hauld the forme of the receive mair for the leane, interest, profile of yeirlie breiue statute in the law of befoir, congruit and not annuall of an hundreth pundes money, during the haill rasit na blobbit in Acts Ja. I. [erased,] suspect placis. all sik space of ane yeir, nor ten pundes money ; 1429. c. 128. Edit. 1566. c. 113. Murray. persons, takers or makers of sik blockes and conditiones, We still that clothes are blabbed or when say hlel/bed, for or mair gall be halden stained with or that them. greater profile, repute, grease, any thing injures and as ockerers and usurers." V. BLOB. persewed punished Acts Ja. VI. 1587. c. 52. Murray. "Ane blok of victuale." Aberd. Keg. To (gutt.) v. n. To make such " BLOCHER, This Christian conjunction aboue all conjunctiones a gurgling noise in coughing as to indicate bindis me and thee to deale truelie in anie blocke we haue with our brother." Rollock on 1 Thes. that there is a great quantity of catarrh in p. 175. the Perth. It is throat, Ang. generally BLOCKER, BLOKER, . A term formerly used to another and in S. to denote a broker one who conjoined term, Cougherin' ; q. plans Jilockerin'. and accomplishes a bargain. It differs from as the latter Boich, Lanarks., pro- "In Scotland they call them Brockers, Broggers, perly denotes a dry hard cough, and in the same way and Blockern." Minsheu, vo. Broker. from Croichle. "Oure souerane Lord, &c. vnderstanding of the I see nearer than Gael, nothing blagliair, a blast. fraude and frequent abvse committed of his by many " Maiesties subiectis, byeris and blokeris of victuell, &c. To BLOCK, v. a. 1. To plan, to devise. Acts Ja. VI. 1621, Ed. 1814, p. 614. "The committee appointed for the first blocking of all our had writs, said, none should meddle with the BLOCKIN-ALE, . The drink which is taken election of commissioners from presbyteries to the between at the conclusion of a bar- General but ministers and elders." Baillie's parties Assembly, Buchan. Lett. i. 75. gain, "Thereafter blocked a number of they tolerable From the v. as signifying to bargain. overtures ; the conclusion whereof was remitted to the next General Ibid. 305. Assembly." p. BLOICHUM, s. A term commonly applied As it the idea of at first view it may imply guile, to one who has a got cough, ; might seem allied to Igl. bleck-ia, decipere, blete, Ayrs. evidently fallacia; "bluagi, insidiae," said to be Teut. Gl. Sibb. allied to BLOCHER, v. q. v. But it is Alem. ; bluogo, pluagi, id. I prefer Teut. assiduum titoi-k-fn, esse in studiis, in opere, in ergas- BLOISENT, part. pa. One is said to have tulo a ; sense evidently borrowed from a workman, a bloisent face, when it is swollen, or who blocks out his work before he red, roughly, begin to whether give it a proper form. disfigured, by intemperance, or by to the weather being exposed ; Ang. 2. To bargain. This, I am convinced, is radically the same with E. Then to a sowters chops he past, blotme; "sun-burnt, high-coloured;" Johns. Ami for a pair of schone he ast. Bot or Teut. blose, rubor, purpurissum, redness, the colour he sperit the price to pay them, His of blot-en, rubentes thovmbis was on the soillis to them : purple; rubescere; Uosendewanghen, say cheeks Then with his knockles he on them purpled ; b/osaerd, ruber facie ; red- knockit ; genae, q. Eftir that lie had faced. the idea is that of heat long tyme Uockit, Perhaps original ; Dan. With grit difficnltie he tuik thame. bluss-er, to burn, bltis, Su.-G. bloss, a torch. V. St. Leg. Bp. Androis, I'ocms, 16/A Cent. p. 334. BUBBH. BLO [230] BLO

of the This view is confirmed the To BLOME, BLUME, v. n. To shine, to part body. by phrase quoted by Mr. Pinkerton from Prompt. Parv. Hovyn gleam. on hors. The sone wes brycht, and schynand cler, And armouris that burnysyt wer, BLOOD-FRIEND, s. A relation by blood. Swa with the blomyt spnnys beme, "The laird of Haddo to the earl That all the land wes in a leme. yields Marischal, his and come of his house." Harbour, xi. 190. MS. being blood-friend, lately ii. 187. And he himself in broun sanguine wele dicht Spalding, Teut. Aboue his vncouth armour blomand bricht. bloed-vriend, cognatus, consanguineus ; Kilian. Doug. Virgil, 393. 2. Germ, blut-freund, a relation, a kinsman. V. FBEND, FBIEND. This seems also the sense of blume, as it occurs in Bann. MS. BLOODGRASS, s. A disease of kine, S. B. Than Esperns, that is so bricht "When cattle are from one kind of Till wofull hairtis, cast his lycht changed pasture to some of them are seized On bankis, and blumes on every brae. another, with a complaint Chron. S. P. iii. 192. called " btoodyrass (bloody urine). In the Highlands they pretend to cure it by Su.-G. blomm-a, to flourish ; E. bloom. Here the putting a live trout down the throat of the beast." Surv. word is used metaph. to express the reflection of the Agr. Sutherl. p. 100. rays of light from burnished armour : or perhaps from A.-S. be, a common prefix, and leom-an to shine, as BLOOM, s. The efflorescent crystallization gleam is from geleom-an, id. upon the outside of thoroughly dried fishes, Shetl. BLONCAT, s. [Thick flannel ?] "Thre elln of bloncat." Aberd. Reg. A. 1541. "When the body of the fish is all equally dried, [it] is known by the salt appearing on the surface in a ' ( white BLONCATT, BLUNKET, adj. Twa ellis of efflorescence, here called bloom." Agr. Surv. " Shetl. p. 91. bloncatt ; ibid. V. 17. clayth i Isl. bloemi, flos ; stendr bloema, floret. ' ' " vj quarteris of blanket clayth, ibid. x elne of s. the same For and j quarter blanket caresay to be hos. BLOOM-FELL, Apparently Lord Treas. Accts. 1488. High with Fell-bloom, or yellow clover, S. Whether the same with Blunket, pale blue, or printed, "Ling, deer-hair, and bloom-fell, are also scarce, as (V. Blunks), is uncertain. " they require a loose spungy soil for their nourishment. Prize Ess. Highl. Soc. Scot. iii. 524. BLONK, BLOUK, . A steed, a horse. Bery broune wes the blank, burely and braid. BLOOMS, s. pi. The name given at Carron the mold thai before the Upone quhare met, myd day, iron-works to malleable iron after With lufly lancis, and lang, having Ane feire feild can thai fang, received two beatings, with an intermediate On stedis stalwart and strang, Baith blanchart and bay. scouring. Gawan and Gol. ii. 19. "The pig-iron is melted and afterwards beaten out of into an inch thick. are into I have altered the punctuation ; as that the printed plates They put pots which are made of and in an air copy mars the sense, there being a comma after the fire-clay ; furnace, are to a heat. In this state first line, and a full point at the end of the second. they brought welding they are under the to thai brought hammer, and wrought into what Thayr wes na spurris spair, spedely spring ; are called Thai brochit bloukis to thair sidis brist of rede blude. blooms. The blooms are heated in a chafery or Ibid. i. 24. hollow fire, and then drawn out into bars for various uses." Agr. Surv. Stirl. 348. In edit. 1508, instead of spurris the word seems to be p. Skinner mentions this term in his Expositio vocum speirris; although the former is undoubtedly the true Forensium, turn Antiquarum et Obsoletarum, &c. reading. "Ferrum," he says, "postquam fusum est, I have met with no similar word of this signification, primum dicitur Blooms of iron, q. d. flos seu fern, sc. except Alem. planchaz, equus pallidus, hodie blank; germen respectu secundae fusionis, in fructum Sehilter. Thus blonk, which seems the genuine ortho- qua quasi maturatur." Hence, as would seem, the term graphy, may have originally meant merely a white Blomary for the first forge in an iron mill. horse, q. Fr. blanc cheval.

uses the term in the same sense : Montgomery To BLORT, v. n. To snort; applied to a that Syn grooms, gay is, horse, Fife. On blanks that brayis He an' With swords assayis. arendit, stendit, He an' startit. MS. Poem. Poems, Bdin. 1821, p, 221. blortit, s. A term to a buxom BLONKS, s. pi. BLOSS, applied young woman. The bernis both wes basit of the sicht, And out of mesour marred in thair mude ; There's some ye'll see, that hae been bred As folks on blanks houffit on spreitles hicht, 'Mang meadows, muirs, an' mosses, Both in ane studie starand still thai stude. Wha here, like queens, baud up their head, King Hart, \. 22. Thinking they're blesses. " sonsy I know not what blanks means; houffit is hoved." Airdrie Fair, st. 16, N. Pink. Perhaps it denotes the lifting up of one, who This word is commonly used in the west of S. in an is in a or so feeble that he cannot on swoon, walk, unfavourable sense, as denoting a trull. It can scarcely horseback, would thus be to admit of this Houffit equivalent heaved; signification here. It is, however, a " very A.-S. heof-an, elevare, heofod, elevatus; whence, as has vulgar term, and used in cant language. Bloss or been the as the " supposed, heofod head, being highest Blowen. The pretended wife of a bully or shop-lifter. BLO [231] BLU

Grose's Class. Diet. A very intelligent correspondent BLOUTEK, *. A blast of wind, Buchan. It suggests, that it may be "from the same root with E. is to that a blacksmith's liloirzy." This, indeed, is highly probable, as the applied produced by E. . blowze, denotes "a ruddy fat-faced wench;" bellows. Johns. Ye steed me ay sae teugh, Teut. b'oitf signifies rubor, and Isl. bio**!, flamma. An" blew a maikless blouter. Ibid. p. 129. As conjoined with sonny, however, it might seem to be allied to Fr. BLOWEX MEAT, the name to fish or bloss, mellow, ripe ; as, poire blosse, a given mellow or over-ripe pear. flesh dried by means of the wind passing through dry stone houses, Shetl. V. SKEO. To v. a. To to BLOT, puzzle, nonplus, Isl. is blaasinn, exhalatus, exsicoatus, synon. ; from Pertiis. blae-a, to blow. Puir Willie fidg'd an' clew his head, Loth. like's BLOWY, adj. Blowing, gusty, And lookit his nose ware bled ; And own'd that lecture did him blot, s. bubble of S. If it was orthodox or not. BLUBBER, BLUBBIR, A air, at his Dujfs Poems, p. 110. And mouth a blubbir stode of fome. Henrysone, Test. Oroide, Chron. S. P. i. 163. I do not see how this can be well viewed as an oblique p. "That he has seen use of the E. v. Shall we consider it as allied to Su.-G. blubbers upon the water of the at the time that it bloed, our Mate, or to blot bare,- as denoting that one's Allochy grain, was discoloured by the foresaid stuff in mental nakedness is made to appear ? it, but does not know what they were Teut. blutten, homo stolidus, obtusus. occasioned by. That by blubbers he means air- bubbles, such as arise from any fish or other animal breathing below water." State, Leslie of Powis, &c. BLOUST, . 1. An ostentatious account p. 136. V. BLOB. of one's own actions, a brag, Roxb., Ber- with E. wicks.; synon. Blaw. BLUBBIT, part. pa. Synon. blubbered. Or is't to pump a fool ye meddle, Wi" a" this bloust o' widdle Ree that straining ; teeps, your soun" judgment crnbbit, An' scull as deem my tooiu's a fiddle ? May gar some hoggies bleer't and blttbbit, A. Scott's Gae shun the Poems, p. 131. light. Tarras's Poems, p. 61. whare hae ye wander'd, 2. Often to an ostentatious ibid. my loving young lassie, applied person, Your cheeks are sae bleer't, and sae Mubbit adown ! Ibid. p. 124. To BLOUST, v. n. To to ibid. brag, boast, Notwithstanding its resemblance of E. blubbered, it Both 8. and v. is most being synon. with B/aw, it naturally probably formed from S. Slob, a small globule occurs that their of origin may be similar, as referring to any thing liquid, hence transferred to tears. the of action the wind. They seem to claim affinity with Su.-G. blaast (pron. bloat, ) ventus, tempestas, from BLUDCAT, adj. ' " llaat-a, (pron. blos-a,) Isl. blaes-a, flare, spirare. The spillyng of ane styk of bludcat claith. Aberd. Reg. Cent. 16. Can this be meant for BLOUT, adj. Bare, naked. Bloncat ? or docs it denote a sanguineous colour, as allied to A.-S. the The grund stude desk and blod-geote, barrane, widderit, gray, effusion of rtouris blood ? Herbis, and gerssis wallowit away : Woddig, forestis with naket bewis blout To p. a. 1. To blot Stude stripit of thare wede in euery hout. BLUDDER, BLUTHER, in tioug. Virgil, 201. 15. paper writing, to disfigure any writing, Su.-G. Isl. blott, Belg. bloat, Germ, bloss, Ital. biotto, id. biosso, L. B. blut-are, privare, spoliare. The Su.-G. plitttra, incuriose scribere Moes-G. blott och bar is used in Sw. V ; bloth-jan, tautological phrase irritum reddere. Verel. Ind. V. BLAIT. 2. To disfigure the face with weeping, or in BLOUT, s. 1. The sudden breaking of a any other way, S. Rudd. vo. Flodderit. S. fill of storm, Bloutenin, Clydesd. His looking he cou'd never get, Ou sic afore his een he never set, Tho' bluddert now 2. "A blont of foul weather," a sudden fall of with strypes of tears and sweat. Rush's Helenore, p. 28. rain, snow or hail, with S. accompanied wind, If some had seen this grand confusion Say they, What needs we be afraid ? They would have thought it a delusion, For 'tis a blout will soon be laid, Some tragedie of dismal wights And we us in our may hap plaid, Or such like enchanted sights. Till it blaws o'er. The Har>st Rig, st. 82. Heraclitus, if he bad seen, He would have his Vernal win's, wi' bitter blont, bluther'd out een. Out owre our ckhulas blaw. Clelaruft Poems, p. 35. Tttrras'i Poems, p. 63. Gin he likes drink, 'twad alter soon the case, And drunken chapius bluther a' his face. 3. A sudden eruption of a liquid substance, Shirrqfs Poems, p. 42. with S. 3. To in a moral to accompanied noise, disfigure, sense ; exhibit in Probably allied to Su.-G. an unfair of view. bloet, humidus ; blofta point irae/jar, viae humidae ; as we say, the roads are broken "How lamentable is it, that his faithful contend- up, when a storm breaks. Isl. blaut-tir, mollis, limosus, ing for substance and circumstances of our attained maceratus; bleitf, macero, liquefacio ; blelta, limns, coenum reformation should be blotted and bluthered with these lutum, ; G. Andr. p. 32. right-hand extreams, and left-hand defections, that BLU [232] BLU

many have been left to fall into." Walker's Remark. BLUE BLAUERS, BLUE BLAVERS, the Passages, p. 57. or wild blue plant called Bell-flower, Cam- or Rotundifolia, Roxb.; The Blue To BLUDDER, BLUTHER, v. n. To make a panula, Bells of as in old V. BLA- noise with the mouth or throat in taking any Scotland, song. WORT. liquid, S. Sluther, synon. BLUE S. The flower of Sca- BLUDIE-BELLS, s,pl. Foxglove, Digitalis BONNETS, biosa succisa, Linn. It is also called DeviFs purpurea, an herb, Lanarks. Dead-men's Bit, E. the end of the being as it were Bells, synon. bitten off. Hence the trivial name of succisa. a or BLUE, adj. 1. A blue day, very chill, This corresponds with Sw. diefivuls-bett, frosty day, Roxb. Seren. in other This is perhaps synon. with "a blae day" "Blue Bottles, Anglis. Blue Bonnets, Scotis austral." parts of S. Lightfoot, p. 499. In Gothland, in Sweden, this plant has a fanciful blue a in which or similar the boat- 2. A day, day any uproar name somewhat ; Baelamansmysea, man's or mutch. disturbance has taken place, ibid. cap This seems the same with Blue-Bannets, Lanarks. 3. To look blue. V. BLEW. expl. Sheep's-ftiX BLUEFLY, the common name of the Flesh BLUE-BANNET, *. The Blue Titmouse, or Bluebottle, S. or Nun, Parus cseruleus, Linn., Clydes. Fly, name is blaamees. I has been The Sw. This, suspect, BLUE-GOWN, s. The name commonly our given originally blaamysaa, i.e. blue cap, synon. with to a who, annually, on the King's designation. pensioner, birth-day, receives a certain sum of money, the name to the BLUE BLANKET, given and a blue-gown or cloak, which he wears banner of the Craftsmen in Edinburgh. with a badge on it, S. V. BEDEMAN. "As a perpetual remembrance of the loyalty and bravery of the Edinburghers on the aforesaid occasion, BLUE-GRASS, BLUE-GERSE, *. The name the [Ja. III.] granted them a banner or standard, King given to the various sedge-grasses, or Carices, with a power to display the same in defence of their at S. O. king, country, and their own rights. This flag, the Blue is the present denominated Blanket, kept by "Carices, sedge-grasses, abound in all parts of the Edin. 9. Couveener of the Trades." Maitl. Hist. p. county of Ayr, wherever too much moisture is detained. Crafts-men think we should be content with "The This tribe of plants are [r. is], by the Ayrshire farmers, bad soever it be and if in a their work how ; any thing called blue, sour one-pointed grasses. They have the Blue Blanket." K. Ja. they be coutrouled, up goes light bluish colour, an acid taste, and like all the other Hist. Ace. Bl. Basilicon Dor. V. Pennecuik's Blanket, grasses I have met with, their leaves have only one p. 27, 28. point." Agr. Surv. Ayrs. pp. 304, 305. carried The origin of this banner has indeed been to the of James III. much farther back than reign , BLUE SEGGIN, the blue flower-de-luce, when the inhabitants of Edinburgh greatly contributed V. SEGG, s. to the restoration of this prince to liberty. It has been Ayrs. SEG, said, that "vast numbers of Scots mechanicks," who s. disease of in the Croisade under Godfrey of Bouillon, BLUE-SPALD, A cattle; sup- having" joined took with them a banner, bearing this inscription out posed to be the same with the Blackspaul. of the LI. Psalm, In bona voluntate tua edificentur muri " "If the cattle will die of the Blue-spald, what can I Jerusalem, upon their returning home, and glorying help it ? You can sprinkle them yourself for the evil- in their good fortune, "dedicated this banner, which " i. 152. to St. Eloi's eye. Saxon and Gael, they stil'd, The Banner of the Holy Ghost, in from altar in St. Giles's church Edinburgh ; which, s. To the to be taken in, its colour, was called The Blue Blanket." Peuneeuik, BLUFF, get Uuff, p. 5. to be cheated, Buchan. We are also informed that ' ' in the dark times of Gin ye get wi' them the bluff, Popery," it was "held in such veneration, that when- Sure diuna trust them mair. the ever mechanicks were artfully wrought upon by Tarras's I'oems, p. 92. clergy, to display their holy Colours, it sery'd for many s. 1. The blast sustained in uses, and they never fail'd of success in their attempts." BLUFFERT, Ibid. p. 7. " encountering a rough wind, Aberd. It is even asserted that, on the C'onveener's appear- ance therewith, not the artificers of Edinburgh, a Mearns. et is only 2. A blow, stroke, Ang. ; Bluff but all the artisans or craftsmen within Scotland, are the term used in this sense, Buchan ; which bound to follow it, and fight under the Conveener of to Edinburgh." Maitl. ut sup. p. 10. may be allied BLEEVIT. ad- Pennecuik ascribes this ordinance to James V. , in the who had as ding, that "all souldiers King's pay, To BLUFFERT, v. n. To bluster, the wind, been educate in a trade," were bound to "repair to that Aberd. and under the command of their Bluffertin, part. pr. Blustering, standard, fight V. BLEFFERT. General." Hist. p. 63. gusty. BLU [233] BLU

3. To blatter, to forth and BLUFFLE-IIEADED, adj. Having a large pour lame, harsh, unmusical rhymes. head, accompanied with the appearance of -I laugh to see thee bluiter. dullness of intellect, S. ; perhaps from E. Glory in thy ragments, rash to raill, With nieiter bluff. maighty, manked, mangled ; Tratland and tumbland top over taill. ULUID, ELUDE, s. Blood, S. Polwarti Flytiny, Watson's Coll. iii. 7. is or what is now "I ken weel, ye hae gentle bluid in your veins, Maighly maggoty, perhaps pro- nounced S. and I wad be laith to hurt my ain kinsman. 'Weel, maughy, As used in the last sense, it seem allied to weel,' said Mr. Jarvie, 'bluid'a thicker than water; might Germ, plaudern, et mentin, mixta and it lies na in kith, kin, and ally to see mots in ilk nugari plauderei, ' " nugis mendacia ; Wachter. But it is other's een, if other een see them no. Rob Roy, ii. 205. perhaps merely a metaph. use of the word as referring to the harsh This is a proverbial phrase, signifying that though sound of the For, to Polwart, Mont- the relation be remote, the tie of consanguinity pos- rhyme. according was, sesses an influence over the heart more powerful than gomery Like Sir where no such tie is known to exist, S. Richard, rumbling, rough, and fierce. In sense 1. it seems to be merely a dimin. from HInut, S. BLUID-RUN, adj. Bloodshot, Bleed-run, q. v. Aberd. s. 1. noise BLUITER, BLUTTER, A rumbling ; BLUIDY-FINGERS, . The name to the given as that sometimes made by the intestines, S. Fox-glove, Galloway. 2. used to denote filth in a Up the howes the bummles fly in troops, Apparently liquid Sipping, wi' sluggish trunks, the coarser sweets, state. Frae briers and rankly-growing bluidy-fingers. Your all do Davidson's 63. argumentings hang Seasons, p. On Hobb's and others of that gang ; As it is supposed to have received the designation So you rub alse much of the Mutter of Digitalis from its resemblance to the fingers of a Of the Augean stall and gutter the name bloody-fingers would almost seem a On your own cheeks as you do sting [fling] glove,teral version of Digitalis purpurea. In Germ, it is On these who will not you[r] note sing. called the of Cleland's 102. fingerhut, q. covering the finger ; Sw. Poems, p. Angerhattsyraess. To BLUME, v. n. To blossom, S. bloom, E. BLUIDVEIT, s. A fine BLUIDWTTE, paid s. "Ane barrell of for effusion of blood. BLUMDAMMESS, Blumdammess" Aberd. for ' ' Bluidveit Reg.; apparently an unlaw for wrang or injurie, sik as i. e. bloud." Skene, Verb. Sign. Blumbedames, q. v., prunes. According to the law of he who shed a " bluidwyte, s. A Gl. man's blood under his ende or breath, a third less BLUNK, dull, lifeless, person," paid Aberd. than he who shed blood above the breath. For, as Tarras, Skene it was deemed a observes, greater injury to shed It's nae doubt hard to sit like sunks, the blood of a man's than of While ither head, any inferior part of snottie lousie blanks the because body ; the head was deemed the Are fending gay and snug. principal" part, as being the seat of "judgement and memory Tarraa's Poems, p. 36. Ibid. V. Maj. B. iv. c. 39, 40. Sic Lilian's o' a codroch 'lint, Reg. " This word is also used in the E. law. Bloudwit," An' sieth it is but hamell pen't, Like says Cowel, "is a compound from the Sax. blood san- bladdrin blunks. Ibid. p. 132. and an old guis mute, English word signifying miseri- This might seem to have the form of a frequentative cordia." But A.-S. blodwite is literally, pro effuso from Isl. blund-a, dormio, q. a sleepy-headed fellow. mulcta ; from blod and mulcta But the name refer to sanguine wile, poena, ; perhaps may the cloth thus de- or as Skene explains it, "ane pane, ane vnlaw, or nominated, as being in an unfinished state. amerciament for shedding or effusion of bluid." Ihre takes notice of this word v. as mentioned in the To BLUNK, a. To spoil a thing, to mis- E. law but mistakes the ; meaning of wile, rendering S. it and manage any business, Hence, testimony, supposing the signification of the term to be, that the wound is proved by the effusion of " blood. BLUNKIT, BLINKIT, part. pa. Injured by mismanagement, or by some mischevious To v. a. To obliterate BLUITER, ; applied contrivance," Gl. Sibb. not to but to of work only writings, any piece This might seem to be the same with blink, used in that is rendered useless in the of it E., I believe, in a similar sense, although I do not ob- making ; serve it in any ; a business said to be S. B. pron. Bleeter. V. BLUDDER. dictionary being blinked, when overlooked, or wilfully mismanaged. BLUITER, BLUTTER, s. A coarse, clumsy, BLUNKET,*. Expl. "Pale blue; perhaps blundering fellow, Loth. faint or faded colour any ; q. blanched." To Sibb. BLUITER, . n . 1. To make a rumbling noise Here was and of a ; to blurt, S. gide glorious, gay, gresse grene ; Here belte was of blanket, with birdes ful bolde, 2. To Branded with brende golcle, and bokeled ful bene. bluiter up with water, to dilute too much, Sir Oawan and Sir Qal. ii. 3. Birdes may mean, borders, S. horde. 2 BLU [234] BO

s. to BLUNKS, pi. The designation given 2. A boil, Ettr. For. those linen or cotton cloths which are Su.-G. bloita, a blister. Teut. bluyster has undoubtedly had a common wrought for being printed, calicoes, S. Hence, origin. BLUSH s. A such as those of the BLUNKER, s. One who prints cloths, S. IN, pustule, " full of Dumfr. Ye see, they say Dunbog is nae mair a gentleman small-pox, matter, than the blunter that's biggit the bonnie house down To BLUSTER, v. a. To disfigure in writing. in the howm." Guy Mannering, i. 40. "I read to them out of my blustered papers that s. Koxb. BLUNT, A stupid fellow, which I sent you of Arminianism. I got thanks for it, and was fashed many days in providing copies of it to BLUNT, adj. Stripped, bare, naked. sundry." Baillie's Lett. i. 125. V. BLUDDER, v. The large planis schinis all of licht, s. An action used in a bad sense. And, throw thir halt skaldand flambis bricht, BLUTE, ; Stude blunt of beistis and of treis bare. A fuil blute, a foolish action, S. B. perhaps Doug. Virgil, 469. 53. the same with Blout, q. v. This seems to be radically the same with Shut, q. v. BLUTE, BLUIT, s. A sudden burst of sound, s. a S. BLUNTIE, A sniveller, stupid fellow, Ettr. For. V. BLOUT. I, just like to spew, like blunty sat. Ross's 36. v. a. blot to Hdenore, p. To BLUTHER, To ; disfigure. snool me me They sair, and haud down, V. BLUDDEK. look like And gar me blimtie, Tarn ; But three short will soon wheel years roun', To v. n. 1. To make a noise in And then comes aue and twenty, Tarn. BLUTHER, Burns, iv. 315. swallowing. V. BLUDDER. This is allied to E. which certainly blunt, concerning 2. To make an inarticulate S. Johns, observes that the etymology is uncertain. It sound, would that it has lost its appear, however, original 3. To raise wind-bells in water, S. form by the insertion of the letter . For Su.-G. bloet is with E. blunt. Thus bloet is "a exactly synon. aegrj BLUTHRIE, s. Used to denote thin porridge, blunt edge." V. Ihre in vo. Now, it may be observed or Ettr. For. that there is an obvious analogy between the Teut. watergruel, and Su.-G, in the form of the word. For blutten is " s. 1. ; as, O ! what expl. by Kilian, Homo stolidus, obtusus, incautus, in- BLUTHRIE, Phlegm anis. This exactly corresponds to S. bluntie. a bluthrie he cuist aff his stamack," what a quantity of phlegm he threw off, S. BLUNYIERD, s. An old gun, or any old rusty weapon, Ettr. For. 2. Figuratively transferred to frothy, inco- herent discourse of a flatulent Sicambr. blinde signifies Dolon, a spear, or staff with ; q. descrip- a head of iron. tion, S. V. BLATHKIE.

s. a or BLUP, One who makes clumsy awk- BLUTTER, (Fr. u.) s. "A term of reproach," ward Loth. It is one has not the appearance ; apparently Dumfr. Perhaps who power " the same with Flup, q. v. of retention. Blunder," Herd. [This refers to Fr. sound of u in bluther.] BLUP, s. A misfortune brought on, or mis- And there will be Tarn the blutter, into in take which one falls, consequence of With Andrew the tinkler, I trow. Blythsome Bridal, Herd's Coll. ii. 24. want of foresight, Tweedd. V. the part. * " BO, interj. A word of terrour," Johns. BLUPT, part. pa. Overtaken by any mis- " He adds, on Temple's authority, from Bo, fortune which might have been avoided by an old northern captain, of such fame, that caution, ibid. his name was used to terrify the enemy." Belg. beloop-en, to reach by running, to overtake. I find a different orthography elsewhere used : Van eenen storm beloopen, to be caught with a storm. It is I dare, for th' honour of our house, a Teut. term, explained by Kilian, concurrere ; also incursare. Say boh to any Grecian goose. Homer Travestied, B. vii. p. 20. BLUS, s. Expl. Flood." I take notice of this word, merely for the sake of the ' ' S. Prov. He dare not Bo to blanket ; that At the lenths, he lent them eiris, say, your And brusted out in a bins of tearis. is, he dare not offer you the least injury ;" Kelly, p. 154. it in Legend Bp. St. Androis, Poems \&th Cent. p. 339. I have generally heard used a different, or at least in a more sense as that This, I ought to beyZws. V. FLOUSS and determinate, ; denoting apprehend, one could not of dishonour on FLUSCH, which are both used in this sense. lay any imputation another, or bring forward any thing injurious to his character. From the use of the term it To BLUSH, v. a. To chafe the skin so as to blanket, might " seem that it had originally referred to chastity. a tumour or low blister I've produce ; as, The celebrated northern captain appears to be a non- blush'd my hand," Berwicks. descript. This is probably the same term with S. bu or boo, used to excite terror ; which is undoubtedly BLUSH, s. 1. A kind of low blister, ibid. allied to Teut. bauw, larva, spectrum, as well astoC.B. BO [235] BOB

the of Helen Emberson of bo, a hobgoblin. If this be the proper etymon, "You have heard Camsey, connexion with blanket might refer to the vulgar idea how she stopped all the bolt* and windows about the of Brownie, or some goblin, having power to frighten house, that her gudeman might not see day-light, and feared foul wea- during the night, by throwing off the bed-clothes. rise to the haaf-fishing, because she ther; and how she found him drowned in the masking- s. as with Aberd. BO, Used synon. Bu, Boo, fat, within the wa's of his ain biggin." The Pirate, ii. 277. s. A a Aberd. BOAKIE, sprite, hobgoblin, "I hae news to tell ye, and ye'll cool and come to E. when he set it out Su.-G. Isl. puke, diabolus, daemon ; 0. powke, yoursell, like MacGibbon's crowdy, id. window-bole." Rob ii. 257. P. Ploughman, helle-ppwke, at the Roy, 256, of as Shetland- This denotes a species demons, who, Ben the house young Peggy slips, male- ers believe, inhabit their mountains. They are Thro" the benner Me she ventures, volent in the extreme, doing all the mischief in their An" to aunty Eppie skips. off with wo- A . Poems, p. 107. power ; and particularly, running young Douglas's men, when they find them alone or unprotected. This This denotes either the bole in the ben-house, or that occasions many a keen combat between them and the most remote from the door in the interior apartment. Fairies, who, being distinguished by their gentleness The only word I have met, to which this has any a and benevolence to the human race, wage perpetual resemblance, is C. B. bolch, bwkh, a gap, or notch, an to rescue the warfare with the Boakies, in order captive aperture. Hence, damsels, and deliver them to their relations. made in the Norw. bokje is expl. by Hallager en gammel anselig BARN-BOLE, . The perforation ' ' " " mand, a respectable old man, or one of a dignified wall of a barn S. V. Bow- ; synon. Cat-hole, to G. Isl. bocke appearance." According Andr., was, ALL. in ancient histories, the designation given to one who was et Haldorson renders bokki, grandis magnificus. s. A term used for the et and in a sense BOARDTREES, pi. vir grandis corpere animo ; secondary on which a is stretched ; S. B. hostis, an enemy. As it also signifies caper, a he-goat, plank corpse is I am which most probably the primitive meaning ; * *. The inclined to think, that, having been metaph. trans- BOARD-WAGES, money paid by ferred to a man of distinction, whether on account of his a person for his board, Aberd. corporeal or mental powers, one who might be compared to a "he-goat before the flock," it had been poetically To BOAST, BOIST, v. a. To threaten. V. used, in allusion to the salacious disposition of this BOIST. animal, to denote the satyrs of the northern nations. In congruity with this conjecture, their writers inform To BOAT, v. n. To take boat, to enter into us that this was the origin of the name of Bacchus, who a boat ; as, That beast winna boat, S. was still represented as accompanied with Fauns and "The Lord this army and no Satyrs. Aboyn seeing gone, of the 26th of June boats at Jiaka was a celebrated Dyt or evil spirit of the Hin- appearance help, upon the and aboard of his own and doos. He used to go about in the form of a bat, and Sandness, goes ship, Berwick sails he." i. 177. with his bill pick up children. He is named Buka in to Spalding, This must have been formed from the s. ; as it does Sanscrit. The Russian boors, apparently from this denominate an of nocturnal terror Buka; not appear that the v. occurs in any cognate language. origin, object " and their children by saying, Buka will eat frighten BOAT, s. A barrel, a tub, S. you." They represent him as having a large head, and a with which he the child into his long tongue, pulls BEEF-BOAT, s. A barrel or tub in which beef gullet. O. Teut. bokene, phantasma, spectrum. is salted and preserved, S. s. 1. in the " BOAL, BOLE, A square aperture If you will come to terms, I will engage for ane to small articles see fair to the hoof and the horn, the wall of a house, for holding ; you get share, bed blanket." small without a door S. barn and the beef boat, the barrel and the a press generally ; Perils of Man, ii. 70. This is most common in 25. cottages. Isl. baat-ur, vas modicum, urna ; G. Andr. p. " That done, he says, Now, now, 'tis done, Dan. boette, a pail or bucket. And in the boat beside the him : small vessel for Now set the board, good wife, gae ben, BUTTER-BOAT, s. A holding frae tool a roasted hen." Bring yon melted butter at table, S.; called a sauce- Ramsay's Poems, ii. 526. tureen in E. 2. A a S. through wall, ' ' perforation She wondered why Miss Clara Mowbrie didna wear she had on at the Nae 3. A for occasionally giving air that grand shawl play-making. perforation doubt it was for fear of the and the butter-boats, or with a wooden shutter in- soup, light ; usually and the like." St. Ronan, ii. 232. or stead of a pane of glass, to be opened s. An S. A. shut at often denominated Window- YILL-BOAT, ale-barrel, pleasure ; bole, S. BOATIE, s. A yawl, or small boat, S. evidently It in many instances corresponds with the following a diminutive.

definition : The boatie rows, the boatie rows, " window with blinds one Window-bole, [generally The boatie rows indeed ; only] of wood, with one small pane in the middle, in- And well may the boatie row. stead of casement." Gl. Antiq. That wins the bairnies' bread ! Avid Sang. " ' Open the bole,' said the old woman firmly and To v. n. 1. To S. hastily to her daughter-in-law, 'open the bole wi' BOB, BAB, dance, speed, that I may see if this be the right Lord Ge- Then straight he to the bride did fare, face raldine."' Antiquary, iii. 57. Says, Well's me on your bonny ; BOB [236] BOD

Wi' bobbing Willie's shanks are sair, 2. Bobbyns, pi. the bunch of edible foliaceous And I'm come out to fill his place. to stalk of Herd's CoU. ii. 114. ligaments attached the Badder- The origin, as has been observed concerning the locks, or Hen-ware; Fucus esculentus, Linn.. same v. as used in E. is quite uncertain. Mearns. 2. To courtesy, S. BOBBINS, s. The water-lily, S. B. Bobbins When sho cam ben sho bobb-it. Auld Sany. are the seed-vessels. V. CAMBIE- BOB, *. blast. V. BUB. properly Gust, LEAF. BOB, s. 1. A bunch used as BOBB, ; synon. s. A fellow. Gl. with S. BOBBLE, slovenly Ayrs. cow, Picken. Ane cow of birks in to his hand had he, C. B. To keip than weill his face fra midge and He. bawai, id., bawlyd, slovenly. With that the King the bob of birks can wave, s. barrel or cask. The fleis away out of his woundis to have. BOCE, A Priests of Peblis, p. 21. "That James erle of Buchane sail restore to The same word, pronounced bob, is used for a bundle George bischop of Dunkeld twa chalder of mele out of a S. Fr. of a thre chalder of mele out of his thre flowers, nosegay, bube, a bunch ; properly, boce, girnale ; a blister. malvysy bocin price of the pece viij s. vj d." Act. Dom. Cone. A. 1489, p. 129. V. Boss. 2. A nosegay, S. A. I'llpow the gowan off the glen, BOCE; Burel, Watson's Coll. ii. 26. V. Thelillieoffthelee, Boss. The rose an' hawthorn sweet I'll twine, To make a bobb for thee. To v. a. To vomit. V. BOK. Hogg's Mountain Bard, p. 198. BOCK, Isl. nodus as bobbi, ; given synon. with Dan. knude, BOCK-BLOOD, s. A spitting, or throwing up of a knot ; Haldorson. blood. s. A a S. a small BOB, mark, but, ; either, q. Bock-blood and Benshaw, Spewen sprung in the spald. bunch set as a from sense up mark, or, the Polwart's Ftyting, p. 13. V. CLEIKS. of the E. to strike at. A.-S. a of blood blod- v., something blod-hraecung, spitting ; also, spiung, hemoptysis. BOB, s. A taunt, a scoff, S. B. s. of I watna, lass, gin ye wad tak it well, BOD, A person small size, a term Gin fouk with in sic you a wad deal ; shape generally applied, somewhat contemptuously, But fouk that travel mony a bob maun bide. to one who is of full Ross's Helenore, p. 67. dwarfish, although Teut. to to talk S. babb-en, prate, idly ; or Isl. bobbf, age, noxae komenn i at malum, ; bobba, os correptum, bobsa, Perhaps it is contr. from body which is used in the babare (to bark,) canum vox est. G. Andr. p. 38. same sense. Seren. however, derives the latter from Su.-G. sermo inconditus. babe, Goth, bodde, colonus rusticans, Edd. If there be any propriety in the derivation, our term has a closer s. In the hook BOBBER, BABBER, fly-fishing, resemblance. which on the surface of the water plays loosely Sae he made a lang blaw about graces, an' gods, as distinguished from the trailer at the ex- Like Vulcan, an' Bacchus, an' ither sic bods. Picken's Poems, ii. 131. tremity of the line, S. V. TRAILER. BOD, s. A personal invitation; BOBBY, s. A S. B. Gl. Ross. distinguished grandfather, from which denotes an invitation The oddest tike and fissle that e'er was seen, Bodeword, Was the mither and the taen by grannies ; by means of a letter or a messenger, Upp. And the twa bobbies were baith fidging fain, That they had gotten an oye o' their ain. Clydes. " Jtoss's Helenore, p. 13. A.-S. bod-ian, to deliver a message ;" Somner. This term is probably allied to Gael, boban, which It is in Shaw renders "Papa." The term papa itself seems BOD. a common proverbial phrase, indeed the root b and ; p being constantly interchanged, regard to any thing in which one has not especially in the Celtic dialects. Hence perhaps, " succeeded on a former attempt, I'll begin," AULD a familiar or ludicrous '' BOBBIE, desig- or I'll set about it, new bod, new shod," S. nation to the S. given devil, I am doubtful, whether bod should be viewed in the sense of boden, prepared. Perhaps it is rather the s. BOBBIN, s. A weaver's quill, Ettr. For. bode ; as if it were meant to say, I will expect a new S. synon. Pirn, proffer, as being set out to the best advantage. One that it had been a Fr. bobinc, a quill for a spinning wheel. might suppose originally jockey- phrase, as alluding to the tricks of a horse-market. s. 1 . The of Loth. BOBBYN, seed-pod birch, BODAY. In May quhen men yeid everichone With Robene Hoid and Littill Johne, "Ane stuff goun, estimate to 16s. aue boday petti- in bowis birkin To bring and bobbynis. coat, 12s. ane pair of playdes, valued to 14s." De- ii. 187. MS. Scott, Evergreen, pred. on the Clan Campbell, p. 103. If Bob, a bunch, be rightly derived from Fr. bube, "Ane new colored womans wearing plaid, most sett id. this must be from bubon, a great bunch. to boday red." Ibid. p. 114. BOD [237] MOD

this be viewed Were it not for the orthography, might BODE, s. A portent, that which forebodes, as a flesh-colour, q. the complexion perhaps denoting Ayrs. of the body. " Mizy had a wonderful faith in freats, and was just BODDUM, s. 1. Bottom. an oracle of sagacity at expounding dreams, and bodes of every sort and description." Ann. of the Par. p. 37. He with ane heuy inurmour, as it war draw Isl. nuntiare and so in the Furth of the boddum of his breiat full law, bod, mandatum, bod-a, ; 48. 34. dialects. Hence the compound terms, A.-S. Allace, allace ! Doug. Virgil, cognate fore- fore-bod-an, praenuutiare ; Su.-G. foerebod-a, to Boddom and Jiothum are still used in Angus. token, E. forebode ; Isl. fyribodan, omen ; Teut. veur-

et : such omens I'll then unto the cobler, bode, pracnuncius, praesagium being And cause him sole myshoon, viewed as communicated by a messenger from the An inch thick i' the boddom, world of spirits to give previous warning of some im- And clouted well aboon. portant event. vie will Ross's Songs ; To the Begging go. BODE, s. Delay. 2. Hollow, valley. But bode seems to be used, in the following passage, Broun muris kythit thare wissinyt mossy hew. instead of but baid, which has most probably been the blanschit wox and bare. Bank, bray and boddum original reading. Virgil, 201. 7. Doug. I found no entress at a side, fundus. I Alem. bodem, Germ. Belg. boden, solum, Unto a foord ; and over rode Unto the other side, but bode. the S. 3. The seat in the human body ; hips, ; And I had but a short while ridden, " what Into the land that was forbidden, &c. as, Sit still on your boddum there, Sir Egeir, p. 5. is restless hae ye ado rising f" To one who " a Marketable, Ettr. For. and fidgety it is vulgarly said, Ye have BODEABLE, adj. i.e. for which a bode or clew in your bottom." anything proffer may be expected. BODDUM-LYER, s. A designation given to a Proffered. V. v. large trout, because it keeps to the bottom, BODEN, part. pa. BODE, Dumfr.; synon. Gull. BODEN, BODIN, BODYN, part. pa. I. Pre- provided, furnished, in whatever way, To BODE, v. a. To proffer, often as im- pared, S. plying the idea of some degree of constraint. for " It often denotes preparation warfare ; respecting He did na merely offer,- but he boded it on arms, &c. and equivalent to anarmit, harnessit. S. me;" "That ilk Surges hauand fyftie puudis in gudis salbe " " Boden geer stinck ay," S. Prov. Eng. Profferred haill anarmit, as a geutilman aucht to be : and the service stinks." "Lat. Merx ultronea putet." Kelly, yeman of lawer degre, and Burgessis of xx. pund in salbe bodin with doublet or p. 62. Mr. David Ferguson gives it thus: "Boden gudis hat, habirgeoun, stinks." Prov. 8. sword, and bucklar, bow, scheif, and knyfe." Acts gear p. " It is used in another Prov. He that lippens to Ja. I. 1429. c. 137. Edit. 1506, c. 123. Murray. boden his land will lie Prov. about the wallis plows, ley." Ferguson's Ane hale le^ioun large p. 13. Stude wacluug bodin with bow, spere, and targe. Kelly gives this Prov. in a very corrupt form. "He Doug. Virgil, 280. 53. land lie that trusts to bon ploughs, will have his lazy;" Sum doubil dartis casting in handis bure, p. 145. Bon he explains "borrowed." It seems pro- And for defence to kepe thare hedis sure Ane hat ware of ane wolfis perly to signify what is proffered to one, as being the yellow skyn, For wald be bodin to rvn. part. pa. of the v. The meaning of the Prov. undoubt- thay lycht ay Ibid. 232. 55. edly is, that a man is not to expect that his neighbour will come and offer him the use of those implements It also signifies, provided with money or goods. which he ought to provide for himself. The Byschapys, and the gret Prelatis He bad thame cum til his presens, BODE, BOD, s. 1. An offer made in order to Syn thai war better bodyn to pay. Wyntown, vii. 9. 213. a bargain, a proffer, S. " We have a similar phrase still in use. Wiil-lnuli n. Ye get war bodes or Beltan ;" S. may Ramsay's or Ul-boden, well, or ill provided in whatever respect, 83. Prov. p. S. Commodities that's from the country brought, A young woman is said to be we'd-bodin the ben, to be with one almost for They, bod, buy up nought. well provided before marriage, when she has laid in a A. Nicol's Poems, p. 109. good stock of clothes, &c. which are generally kept in the inner of the house. V. THAIR- Germ, hot, id. licitatio et pretium oblatum, from apartment BEN, biet-en, to offer. V. Wachter. Teut. bied-en ; Isl. BKN. bud, a proffer, Verel. from bioth-a, offeree, exhibere, 2. It seems to be used, in one instance, in an praebere ; Gl. Edd. an oblique sense. 2. The term is with less used, though pro- or as Bruce Bodin ewynly, fairly equally matched ; to denote the asked a priety, price by vender, was, on the occasion referred to, pursued by means of or the offer of goods at a certain rate. a bloodhound. " I trow he suld be hard to sla, Ye're ower and ower free o' siller young your ye And he war bodyn ewynly. should never take a fish- wife's first bode." Antiquary, On this wyss spak Schyr Amery. iii. 215. Barbour, vii. 103. MS. BOD [238] B O (',

"He's well boden there that will neither borrow ben, BODLE, BODDLE, s. A copper coin, of the nor lend." S. Prov. 32. Ramsay's p. value of two or the third I dinna ken pennies Scots, part Weel, Patie, lad, ; of an But first ye maun spear at my daddie : English half-penny. For we are weel-boden there ben : "So far as I know, the copper coins of two pennies, And I winna say but I'm ready. commonly called two penny pieces, baddies or turners, Jamieson's Popular Ball. i. 310. began to be coined after the Restoration, in the be- never ill-boden. His pantrie was of II. 's ginning Charles reign ; these coined under Ibid. p. 293. William and Mary are yet current, and our country- This has been confounded with bowden word (which men complain, that since the union 1707, the coinage is a corr. of boldln and derived from merely swelled,) of these was altogether laid aside, whereby these old Teut. facultates ; Gl. Sibb. boedel, boel, supellex, dos, ones being almost consumed, there is no small stag- But it is from Su.-G. Isl. bo-a, to unquestionably bo, nation in the commerce of things of low price, and to wad well " prepare, provide ; bodd, provided against hinderance to the relieving the necessities of the poor. the cold Ihre. V. BOUN. ; Rudd. Introd. Anderson's Diplom. p. 138. These pieces are said to have been denominated from s. A little man, Loth.; BODGEL, perhaps a mint-master of the name of Bothwell; as others were properly bodsel. V. BOD. called Atchesons for a similar reason. BODY, s. Strength, bodily ability. BODWORD, BODWABT, BODWORDE, s. 1. He set for to sum purches slycht, A message, S. B. How he help him, throw body mycht with Mellyt with hey chewalry. He spake him, syne fast agayne can press Barbour, x. 516. MS. With glad bodword, thar myrthis till amend. He told to thaim the first tythingis was less. A.-S. bodig not only signifies the body in general, but Wallace, ii. 343. MS. Less, lies. stature. With syc gyftis Eneas messingeris Of and concord bodword brocht BO DIE, BODY, s. 1. A little or puny per- peace agane. " Doug. Virgil, 215. 47. son He's but a bodie," S. ; as, A.-S. boda, a messenger, and word. Boda seems immediately from bod, a command. Su.-G. Isl. bod- 2. Used in a sense, as contemptuous especially is word edictum, mandatum ; and budkafte, bacillus an a similar idea, ' ' preceded by adj. conveying nuntiatorius, a stick formerly sent from village to village'as a token for the inhabitants to assemble at a " certain "Mr. William Rait brought in a drill master to learn place. Bodwait occurs in K. Hart, most probably by an our poor bodies to handle their arms, who had more error of some copyist for bodwart. need to hold the plough, and win their living." Spald- " Bodwords," says Herd, "are now used to express ii. 231. ing," ill-natured messages." Gl. The master of Forbes' regiment was discharged and disbanded the committee of because by estates, they 2. Used as denoting a prediction, or some old were but naked burdenable to the silly poor bodies, the fate of a or country, and not fit for soldiers." Spalding, i. 291. saying, expressing person family. BODIES, pi. A common designation for a num- " They maun ken little wha never heard the bodword ber of children in a "Ane of the family ; as, of the : And she in Gaelic words to the family " repeated bodies is no weel," one of the children is ail- following effect, &c. " ' An' will be sae as out Fife. noo, ma'am, ye gude point ing ; the meanin' o' this freet,' said an incredulous-looking * member of the ii. 30. V. BODILY, adv. Entirely. Thus, when any company." Marriage, BofcE, a portent. thing is missing, so that no vestige of it can lt s. or be found, it is said to be tane awa' bodily," BOETINGS, SUITINGS, pi. Half-boots, " leathern S. q. the whole body is removed. spatterdashes. Thou the Carrik to adv. In the whole extent of brings clay Edinburgh cross, BODY-LIKE, Upon thy boetings hobbland hard as horn. the corporeal frame, Angus. Dunbar, Evergreen, ii. p. 58. also 59. st. 22. Teut. boten calceus rusticus e crudo corio "This monster was seen body-like swimming above schoen, ; Kilian. Arm. boutou. the water about ten hours in the morning," &c. Spald- bates, pi. ing, i. 45. V. To BOG, v . n. To be bemired, to stick in She lifted up her head, marshy ground, S. Lair synon. And fand for a' the din she was na dead ; But sitting body-like, as she sat down, "That after the company left that place, about a the But ony alteration, on ground. furlong or so distant from it, Duncan Graham in Gart- Ross's Helenore, p. 65. more his horse bogged ; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the Trials of BODY-SERVANT, s. The name commonly bogg." the Sons of Rob Roy, p. 120. From the E. noun. given to a valet, to one who immediately v. a. to one's self waits on his master, S. The valet of a noble- To BOG, Metaph. entangle in a the of extrica- man is honoured with the title of My Lord's dispute beyond possibility Gentleman. tion, S. "The laird's servant that's no to say his body- BOGGAN, BOQGIN, s. A boil, a large servant, but the helper like rade express by this e'en BOGAN, filled with white to fetch the houdie." Guy Mannering, i. 11. pimple, matter, chiefly ap- BOG [239] BOG

pearing between the fingers of children in To BOGG-SCLENT, v. n. Apparently, to avoid to abscond in the of battle. spring ; Berwicks., Ayrs. action, day He coud hae cur'd the cough an' phthisic, Some did dry quartering^ enforce, Burns, boggans, botches, boils, an' blisters, Some lodg'd in pockets foot and horse : An' a' the evil.s cur'tl by clisters. Yet still bogy-sclented, when they yoaked, Pic/em's Poems, 1788, p. 172. For all the garrison in their pockit. Colvil's Mock Poem, P. i. p. 84. Hoggin, Lanarks., is viewed as synon. with S. Guran. Isl. bolga, tumor, bolt/inn, tumulus, bolg-a, bolyn-a, Perhaps in allusion to him who sklents or strikes ot) tumescere. Gael, also to swell or bolg-am signifies obliquely from the highway, into a bog, to avoid being and a a the small- the blister, holy, pimple, bolyach, boil, taken prisoner ; a term probably formed by per- pox. C. B. boij, a swelling. secutors of the Presbyterians during the tyrannical reign of Charles II. . bittern BOG-BLUTER, The ; denomin- s. That which ated from its thrusting its bill into marshy BOG-HAY, grows naturally in S. places, and a noise by bubbling meadows, making " as it is termed in through the water, Roxb., Ayrs. V. BLUITEB, Meadow-hay, or, Renfrewshire, bog-hay, is collected in the high and poor districts, from v. For the same reason it is called the Mire- bogs or marshy grounds, on which no attempts at cul- bumper. tivation have ever been made." Wilson's Renfr. p. 112.' The term is of use in S. The term is sometimes pron. Bog-blitter and Bog- general bleater, Roxb. and Ayrs. (expl. as denoting a large BOGILL, BUGIL, . 1. A spectre, a species of Bittern), as if from the E. v. to Bleat. BOGLE, Bor. I find Bog-Hooter also mentioned as denoting 'the hobgoblin, S. A. Roxb. but I mistake. snipe, ; suspect by For me lyst wyth no man nor bukis flyite, Nor wytn na bogill nor browny to debaite, another name for the BOG-BUMPER, bittern, Nowthir auld gaistis, nor spretis dede of lait. Roxb. Doug. Virgil, 8. 2. All is bot and elrische "The redoubted fiend laughed till the walls of the gaistis, fantasyis, Of and of full this buke. castle shook, while those on the top took it for the brownyis bogillis Ibid. 158. 26. great bittern of the Hartwood, called there the Bog- shalt fear Ghaist nor bogle thou ; bumper." Perils of Man, iii. 25. V. MIRE-BUMPER, Thou rt to love and heaven sae dear, id. S. B. Nocht of ill may come thee near, bonie dearie. *. A My BOGGARDE, bugbear. Burns, iv. 161. " hell Is heauen or but tales t No, no : it shall bee 2. A a S. the terriblest sight that euer thou sawe. It is not as scarecrow, bugbear, synon. doolie, men to Hell is but a saye, wit, boggards to scarre chil- cow ; being used in both senses. dren onelie." Rollocke on the Passion, p. 132. Rudd. views this word as transposed from Fr. gobel- A. Bor. "boy i/art, a spectre. To take boggart ; said ine. Others have derived it from Teut. bolene, or of a horse that starts at in the or road. any object hedge Dan. with far North." Gl. Grose. spoegil, spectrum. Lye, greater proba- bility, traces it to C. B. bugtil, fear, to Junius refers to as for bivgwly, frighten. Chaucer, using buggys bug- Johns, v. refers to bears. explaining boggle, Belg. boyil. But where is this word to be found ? The humour of melancholye The luif blenkis of that bugil, fra his bleirit eyne, Causith many a man in slepe to crye As Belzebub had on me blent, abasit my spreit. For fere of beris ore of bolis blake, Dunbar, Maitland Poems. Hence, Or ellis that blacke buggys wol him take. Nonnt's Priests v. Urry's Chaucer, T. 1051. POTATOE-BOQLE, s. A scarecrow erected The term is edit. deails, Speght's 1602 ; devils, Tyr- amongst growing potatoes, S. Potatoe-doolie whitt. Urry, after Junius, renders it bugbears. But the sense requires it to be expl. devils or hobgoblins. synon. S. B. The term, however, is used to denote a bugbear " by It was the opinion of the village matrons, who re- Z. : "Boyd lieved Sampson on the latter occasion, that the Laird Inwardlie in his soule hee at not jested hell, caring might as well trust the care of his child to a potatoe- for heauen. God's boaste seemed to him but bugges, bogle." Guy Mannering, i. 116. made to feare children." Last thinges Battell, p. "He comes down in the in a lang ragged 1201. morning night-gown, like a potato bogle, and down he sits among C. B. bwg, larva, has been viewed terriculamentum, his books." St. Ronan, ii. 61. as the origin. BOGILL about the or a Hence also 0. E. bug-word, a terrifying word, used stacks, simply, Bogle, to denote a bravado. play of children or young people, in which My pretty prince of puppets, we do know, one hunts several others around the stacks of And give your Greatness warning, that you talk No more such bug-words, or that soldred crown corn in a barn-yard, S. Shall be scratch'd with a musket. At e'en at the gloming nae swankies are roaming, Beaumont's Philaster, i. 137. stacks with the lasses at 'Mong bogle to play ; But ilk ane sits her s. V. BOGAN. dreary, lamenting deary, BOGGIN, The flowers of the forest that are wede away. RUson's S. ii. 3. BOG-GLED, s. The moor buzzard, Falco Songs, It seems the same game with that called Barley- aeruginosus, Linn., S. " brack*, q. v. The name has probably originated from Milvus the palustris, Bog Oled." Sibb. Prodr. p. the idea of the huntsman employed being a scarecrow 15. to the rest. BOG [240] BOI

wat even to the BOGLE about the with about Draiglit in dirt, vhylis [skin] bush, synon. Bogill I trou thair suld be tears or we tua shed. S. used in a sense to 96. the stacks, ; figurative Montgomery's Poems, p. denote circumvention. This term seems to denote a piece of dress used at labour, as in with a sped, or spade, i.e. the bush wi' them I dirty working "I played at bogle about cajoled or coarse in ; perhaps q. bog-hoi/ers, stockings if Inch-Grabbit and Jamie digging them ; and I have na gien used in travelling through miry roads. V. ROGERS. Howie a bonnie begunk, they ken themselves." Waver- in. 354. ley, BOGSTALKER, s. An idle, wandering, and BOGILL Infested fellow one who seems to have little BOGLIE, Y, BOGGLY, adj. stupid ; with hobgoblins, S. to do, and no understanding, S. Frae the cot to the faulding I've followed my lassie, William's a wise judicious lad, I wi' lassie e'er To kirk and to market gang my ; Has havins mair than ye had, Up the Warlock glen, down the boglie Causie, Ill-bred bog-stalker. An' thro' a' the warld I'd follow my lassie. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 338. Remains of Nithsdale Song, p. 94. The term might probably have its origin in trouble- to "Now, Earnscliff," exclaimed Hobbie, "I am glad some times, when outlaws, or others who were in dan- meet honour and blithe on a were seen at a distance in your ony gait, company's " ger of their lives, hunting bare moor like this its an unco bit. Tales of was more difficult or boyilly marshy places, where pursuit ; Landlord, i. 45. from their V. STALKER. my " perhaps pursuing game. I see weel by the mingling glances o' yere een, To STAND, or LOOK, LIKE A BOGSTALKER, a phrase that ye wad be the nearest enemies to yerselves ye said to be borrowed from the custom of one's going be alane in a on a sweet sum- ever saw to boggly glen into bogs or miry places, in quest of the eggs of wild 515. mer's night." Blackw. Mag. Aug. 1820, p. fowls, which build their nests in places difficult of ac- cess. The used a with a flat of BOGLE-RAD, Afraid of or hob- person long pole, piece adj. apparitions wood at the end of it, to preserve the pole from sinking. V. and meant to him in from goblins, Roxb. BOGILL, RAD, adj. This pole was support stepping and from the of deter- one place to another ; difficulty s. 1. or S. to look BOGILL-BO, A hobgoblin spectre, mining where to fix it, he was wont wistfully, around him. Has some bogle-bo, and often doubtfully, Glowrin frae 'mang auld waws, gi'en ye a fleg ? s. a kind of Ramsay's Poems, ii. 4. BOYART, BOYERT, A hoy, ship. 1 "Boh, Mr. Warton tells us, was one of the most "Skiparof a.ne boyart of Hambur ." Aberd. Reg. fierce and formidable of the Gothic Generals, and the A. 1548, V. 20. the mention of whose name was & boitis man of ane Ibid. V. 25. son of Odin ; only "Skipper boyert." his Kilian the term sufficient to spread an immoderate panic among Belg. boeijer, id. expl. ; Dromas, 324. N. navis Karreveel as our enemies." Brand's Popular Antiq. p. dromon ; genus ; giving synon., I know not if this be the same personage whom Carvel. Rudbeck calls Bagge, a Scythian leader, who, he says, n. with diffi- was the same with the Bacchus of the Greeks and To BOICH, (gutt.) v. To cough Romans. Atlantica, ii. 146. culty, Lanarks. it is evident, is originally the same with 2. A pettish humour. This, Ye sail have ay, quhill ye cry ho, BAICHIE, S. B. to Kickillis of gould and jewelhs ; the Quhat reck to tak bogill-bo, BOICH, s. A short difficult cough, ibid. My bonie burd for auis ? S. P. R. iii. 15. Philotus, BOICHER, s. One who coughs in this way, as Skinner informs this word is In Lincolnsh., us, ibid. commonly used for a scarecrow. "Taking the bogil- be a borrowed from a bo," seems to phrase horse, which, BOICHIN, s. A continuation of coughing with when scared refuses to move fqrward, by any object, ibid. and becomes quite cross. difficulty, to af- This is rather to be derived from C. B. bogel-u Flandr. poogh-m signifies niti, adlaborare. "the fright, and 60 a hobgoblin, q. affrighting goblin." BOICHE, s. A kind of pestilence. To v. a. to but " BOGLE, Properly, terrify; ap- The contagius infeckand pest callit the boiche, to be- &c. Aberd. parently used as signifying enchant, quhilk ryngis in diuerss partis," Reg. A. 1534, V. 16. witch, or blind. "Ane seyknes & smyttand plaig callit the boiche." I mention that not think to "This you may bogle Ibid. If this proceeded from scarcity, perhaps from with beautiful and into that us, blazing words, degree Gael, boichde, poverty. of compliance with the council-curates, whereinto you as to the yourself have not been overcome prelates- BOID. 'Ward's 69. curates." M Oontendings, p. All Boreas' bittir blastis ar nocht blawin : I feir sum bold, and bobbis be behind. BOG-NUT, s. The marsh Trefoil, Menyan- Maitland Poems, p. 161. thes trifoliata, Linn., S. If there be no mistake here, it may be viewed as al- lied to Isl. bode, a term used to denote a wave agitated One of its E. names is nearly allied, the bog-bean, vadosis luctans, the wind ; unda maris cum scopulis 137. by Lightfoot, p. littora detrusa aestuantis et ex profundis ad ; bodafoell, s. maris fluctus vehementiores. G. Andr. Bodin fall i BOGOGER, cessit Verel. S. logn ; Aestus furens in malaciam ; If ye bot sau me, in this winter win, The bold fell loun. With old bogogers, botching on a sped, BOY [241] BOI

s. V. BLACK-BOYDS. BOYDS, pi. BOING, s. The act of lowing, S. of &c. BOIKIN, s. The piece of beef in E. called "Whimpringpf fullmart., ///Peris Lubant that wes tane, enunciation of two the consonants, which, conjoined, As I said er befor, thai fand, rather a harsh sound. produced .Skinner observes, In Inniis, aud hard festnyug sittand. that Minsheu has traced the E. word to C. B. boitkyn, Harbour, x. 763. MS. id. But Skinner to this objects etymon, affirming, This term cannot signify wood, which is the only that it from the diminutive that appears, termination, conjecture made by Mr. Pinkerton. It may be from the term is of Germ, origin. "What," adds he, "if it of . A.-S. bosg, bonig, praesepe, any close place, a place be bodilcin, because of its thinness?" q. corpusculum, security. Thus the meaning is, "in a place of con- in the same track, " Johns., following merely says, finement, and sitting in fetters. " or small Skinner." Boddiken, body, But it seems rather from Teut. boeyf, compes, pedica, Shaw mentions bo'ulfachan as signifying a bodkin. Kilian. vincula pedis, pi. boeyen ; boty-en compedire, But neither Lhuyd, nor Obrien, gives any this in analogous Lubant is the name here given to knight MS. ; Ir. word. Nor do I find of its a C.B. any proof being but apparently through carelessness of the transcriber, word, except its mentioned, in the form of being boitcyn as in other places he is called Lombert [Lumbard.] by Will. Richards, vo. Bodkin. What is still more there is not the notice taken of surprising, slightest BOIS, adj. Hollow. V. Bos. ally Welsh word, by Minsheu in the explanation of this term. BOISERT, . A louse, Ettr. For. This might seem allied to Teut. bienaerd, vagus, in- BOIL, s. The state of boiling, S. " constans. But perhaps it is rather from Germ, beissen, to a boil, so as it of a nature. Bring your copper by degrees" may to bite, or beiss, a bite, and art ; q. biting be two hours before it boil. Maxwell's Sel. Trans, p. 372. At the boil, nearly boiling, S. BOISSES, Knox's Hist. V. Boss. s. The trunk of a Lanarks. the * v. a. to BOIL, tree, ; To BOIST, BOAST, To threaten, with E. bole. same endeavour to terrify, S. Isl. truncus arboris vel ilk Su.-G. bol, bol-r, corporis ; Thou miclit behaldin eik this Porsen, denominated perhaps from its rotundity, Su.-G. bolle, Lyke as he had despyte, and bowtut men. and Isl. botl-ur, signifying globus, sphaera. Doug. Virgil, 266, 47.

i.e. threatened ; similem minanti, Virg. BOIN, BOYN, BOYKN, s. 1. A washing-tub, "His Majesty thought it not meet to compel, or S. B. much to boast them, but rather shifted this employ- ment." Baillie's Lett. i. 162. "Having a washin, I went down to see how the "And boistit the said scherrif with ane knyff." lasses were ; but of when 1 doing judge my feelings, Aberd. A. V. 16. saw them before the on Reg. 1548, standing upright boyns chairs, self C. B. boslio, to vaunt one's ; host, vaunting ; rubbin the clothes to juggons between their hands." boez, boss, elevation. It is possible, however, that the Ayrs. 265. Legatees, p. word in the sense in which it is most commonly used, S. is allied to Su.-G. cum ferri. 2. A flat broad-bottomed vessel, into which bus-a, impetu milk is from the emptied pail, S. O. Bowyne, BOIST, BOST, s. Threatening, S.

Loth. Throw Goddis Grace I reskewed Scotland twyss ; I war to mad to leyff on sic wyss, "Kate, in her hurry, had flung down her seam, [it] To tyn for host that I naiff gowernd lang. and it hat! fallen into a boyne of milk, that was ready Wallace, x. 127. MS. for the creaming, by which ensued a double misfortune Scho wald nocht tell for host, nor reward. to Miss Girzie, the gown being not only ruined, but ycit Ibid, xi. 389. MS. licking up the cream." Ann. of the Par. p. 46. Turnus thare duke reulis the middil oist, "I saw your gudeman throwing the whole milk out With glaue in hand maid awful fere and hoist. of the boines, that he might fill them with whisky Doug. Virgil, 274. 29. V. the v. punch." Petticoat Tales, i. 334. from Isl. Perhaps boginn, curvus, as regarding its BOIST, s. Box or chest, Aberd., the same form. with S. luist. In some instances, the terms, which properly signify " 1 a boat, are transferred to smaller vessels which have That the master of the mono [money] sal ansuere some as E. boat in for al and silner that salbe vnder resemblance ; sauce-boat, S. cog. gold strikyn hym, Yet I question if this may be viewed as allied to quhil the wardane haf tane assay tharof and put it in Su.-G. bonde, a small boat, a skiff; which Ihre con- bis hoist." Parl. Ja. II. A. 1451, Acta Ed. 1814, p. siders as derived from bind-a, to bind, because not 40. fastened by nails, but bound about with ropes and "Three boisis of scorcheats." Aberd. Reg. V. BUIST. twigs. ! BO1T, s . A cask or tub used for the purpose s. The fill of a or BOYNFU', tub, milk-vessel, of curing butcher-meat, or for holding it 8. after it is sometimes called a cured ; beef- And there will be auld and green kibbocks, S. Oat bannocks and boat, barley scones too ; in Gl. if used And yill in big flagons, and boynfu's This word occurs Rndd. But by 0' whisky, to fill the folks fr. Doug. I have overlooked it. V. Barb. Gr. /Sorrit, a Blackw. "13. butte Ital. id. Mag. Sept. 1819, p. vessel for holding wine ; Germ, ; botte, G2 BOI [242] BOL

whence E. butt. Su.-G. ; Teut. byttia, situla, cupa BOK, BOCK, BOOKING, s. The act of retch- id. dolium, orca, Kilian. L. B. bot-a, bottc, cupa, S. lagena major, dolium, occurs as early as A. 785. V. ing, Du Cange. A man of narrow conscience A while agoe went o'er to France. 2. Used as equivalent to E. Itutt. It's well known what was the occasion, " He could not take the Declaration. Half bolt of mawesy," i.e. malmsey. Aberd. Reg. When he return'd he got it ov'r A. 1538, V. 16. Without a host, a bock, or glour. ClelaiuTs 1'oems, p. 104, 105. BOIT, BOYT, BOITT, . A boat, Aberd. Reg. "From to even between the back- V. 15. morning night, ings of the sea-sickness, she was aye speaking." The Steam-Boat, 76. To BOITT, v. n. To enter into a boat, to take p. boat, S. to fioat. BOKEIK, s. Bopeep, a game. v. in the : It occurs both as s. and following passage Thay play bokeik, even as I war a skar. "Sindrie of his hienes lieges vpoun plane malice Lindsay, Pink. S. P. R. ii. 148. trublis and molestis the bolttis, fer- daylie passengeris, The word, as now used, is inverted, Keik-bo, q. v. at of the reis, quhilkis passis and repassis the passage makis said watter of Tay of Dundie, and impediment s. Corner teeth. at the BOKS, pi. to thame to schip, boitt, and land peciablie boks are spruning he and bauld. &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1606, Ed. 1814, V. 310. My Craiggis," Maithnul Poems, p. 112. Teut. boot scapha, limbus, cymba. Here Dunbar personates a horse, in his Lament to BoiTSCHirpiNG, s. Apparently a company the King. Now, there are two tusks in the horse's mouth, commonly called boots, bules; which, when he belonging to a boat. becomes old, grow so long that he cannot eat hard his on that ane "For him and boit-schipping part, meat, or feed on short grass. These may be meant &c. Gif of thaim, or of their boitocliipping, be a corr. of which ony ony here ; boots, bates, may bok*, buks, in strublens or offensioun done war convict ony wrang is rendered "corner teeth," Gl. Sibb. &c. Aberd. A. V. 16. to ony persone," Reg. 1538, These in farriery are called wolves-teeth. view it as wise allied to A.-S. bod- I can hardly any Ir. boc-am to bad or spring; Lhnyd. V. BUCKTOOTH. Kip, legatio. To BOLDIN, BOLDYN, v. n. 1. To swell in a BOYTOUR, BUTTER, s. The bittern, ardea literal sense. butter. stellaris, Linn. S. The wyndis welteris the se continually : The callit was cuke, that him weil kend, Boytour The huge wallis buldynnys apoun loft In craftis of the kitchiu, costlyk of curis. Dmig. Virgil, 74. &. Hmilate, iii. 6. MS. within Snm boldin at othir in maist cruel feid, "They discharge ony persone quhatsumeuir, With lance and daggar rynuis to the deid. this in to sell or by skeldraikis, realme, ony wayes Bellend. Vron. Excus. of the Prentar. herroun, butter, or ony sic kynd of foullis, commounly vseit to be chaisit with halkis," &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1600, Part, boldin, boulden, swelled. Ed. iv. 236. 1814, " " iii. This watter wes boldin at thair be sic vio- O. E. "buttoitr a byrde, [Fr.] butor Palsgr. B. eumyng lent that it not be Bellend. F. 22. Belg. buttoor, id. schouris, mycht riddyu. Cron. B. x. c. 16. To BOK, v. a. 1. To vomit, S. For joy the birdis, witli boulclen throats, Agains his visage shein. Thus thai faught upone fold, with ane fel fair, Takes up their kindlie musike nots Quhill athir berne in that breth bokit in blude. In woods and grehi. Oawan and Gol. ii. 21. gardens Iluiite, Chron. S. P. iii. 38t>. Sumtyme it rasit grete rochis, and eft will This is also softened into bowdin, bowden, S. Furth bok the bowellis or entrallis of the hill, And lowsit stanis vpwarpis in the are. The town Soutar in grief was boiodin. Doug. Virgil, 87. 47. Chr. Kirk, st. 18. In the Maitl. MS. it is brief, instead of grief. 2. To retch, to incline to puke, S. And will and willsom was she, and her breast use in O.E. : The verb seems to have been of general With wae was bowden, and just like to birst. of the stoinache, rovtte- Ross's 61. for Palsgrave expl. "bolkyng " Hdenare, p. " he the v. / ment ; B. iii. F. 20. Afterwards gives With this the bomlen. clouds they brak, a churle." bocke, I belche, Je route. He bocketh Tyke And pour as out of buckets on their back. Ibid. F. 169, a. Ibid. p. 73. Often in the fret, and part, it is written Mays, 3. To belch, (eructare,) S. whether these swells, (Doug. V.) and bolnyt. I hesitate to also Boke, bowk, to nauseate, to be ready vomit, are contr. from boldinnys, boldinnyt, or the v. in an- Bor. Gl. Grose. to retch, to keck ; -G. Dan. to belch ; A. Booac, other form, more nearly resembling Su. buln-a, ibid. bul-ner. V. BOLNING. This is from the same root with E. belch, perhaps In this sense bolneth occurs in 0. E. : A.-S. beak-an, eructare. It however has greater re- I Ivue loueles, lyke a lyther dogge, semblance to puke, to which no etymon has been as- That all body bolneth, for bytter of my gall. I am informed that Gael, hoc is syuon. with my signed. May no suger ne no suete thing swage the swelling. S. word but find like it in any Diction- the ; nothing P. Ploughman, Fol. 22. a. One might almost suppose that there were some ary. "Ibolne, I swell; Jenfle." Palsgr. B. iii. F. 169, b. vacuari va- affinity to Heb. J7D, bonk, ; ppS, bakak, It is strange that Rudd. should consider Fr. bouillir, from the same cuavit. to boil, as the oiigin. It is evidently BOL [243] BOM

id. sort de usitc autrefois Teut. fountain with Su.-G. bnl->ifi, biil;/-!/;/ia, a billow; because benlijf, cruciatus, supplicium, ; a a tumour. to knock on the head. it is raised by the wind ; and buliln, boil, Belg. boll-en, signifies This v. seems to have been generally diffused. Hence a. A Orkn. Gael. biti/tj-inii to swell, bttily, a blister, a vesicle; also, BOLLMAN, cottager, aeeds of herbs. C. B. bolclntyil/io, tumescere. Jio/nul, "Certain portions of land liave been given to many the same of their from which and bawnd, mentioned by Ray, as having them by masters, they have reaped abbreviations which have sold for sense, in some parts of E., are probably crops of victual, they several of this word. years past, after defraying the expence of labour, at such sums, as, with other wages and perquisites, re- 2. Transferred to the as mind, denoting pride, ceived by them annually from their masters, hath arisen and in some instances exceeded the amount courage, wrath, &c. to, of what a cottager or bollman, and his wife can earn, been boldmeil such licentious "They up by preroga- annually for the support of themselves and family of tives above no difference betwixt others, put wrong young children." P. Stronsay, Statist. Ace. xv. 415, and 26, Ed. 1728. " right." Pitscottie, p. 416. N. Reidman was nothing affeared, but rather Magnus Perhaps from 8u.-G. Il. bol, villa, and man, q. the baldened and kindled with greater ire." Ibid. p. up inhabitant of a village. It might originally denote a 31. Hence, tenant or farmer. It is always pronounced bowman. BOWDING, *. Swelling. s. A a waterman's " BOLME, boom, pole. When I wrote I was not free of the bouxl- this, yet The marinaris stert on fute with ane sellout, of the bowels of that natural tc. Mel- ingi affection," Cryand, Bide, how ! and with lang holmes of tre, vill's MS. p. 192. Pykit with irn, and scharp roddis, he and he, Inforsis oft to schowin the schip to saif. s. &c. V. BOAL. BOLE, A square aperture, Douy. Virgil, 134. 30. Germ, a tree. s. bull to taunts. baum, Belg. boom, BOLE, A ; corresponding The vulatit woman the Hcht man will lait, BOLNYNG, a. Swelling. Als brankand as a bole m and in vice. froutis, is of the hert Alecto the bolnyng ; ii. 376. Fordun, is the wikkit word outwert Megera ; Isl. bauli, taurus, from baul-a, Su.-G. boel-a, mugire, Thesiphone is operacioun whence also haul, mngitus. That makis final execucion Of dedly syn. BOLGAN, s. The same with Bogan^ a swel- Henrysone's Orpheus, Moralttas. V. BOLDIS. ling that becomes a pimple, Roxb. BOLNIT. V. BOLDIN.

BOLGAN LEAVES, . an pi. Nipplewort, BOLSTER, s. That part of a mill in which S. B. Linn. herb, Lapsana communis, ; per- the axletree moves, b. haps from Isl. bolg-a, tumere, as being sup- BOMACIE, a. Expl. "Thunder." "It looks posed efficacious in removing swellings, S. like a bomacie" it bodes a BOLYN. thunder-storm, Ayrs. Gif changes the wynd, on force ye mon JuJi/ii, huke, haik, and scheld Imlil on. BOMARISKIE, s. An herb, the roots of Maitlaiid 133. Schaio, I'oems, p. which taste like licorice sometimes exactly ; As in this poem the State is likened to a ship, these called Wild licorie ; to be the are evidently sea terms. Bolyn "seems equivalent," supposed Mr. Piiikerton says, "to toss; bolia, fluctus." It can- Astragalus glycyphillus of Linn.; Upp. not, however, admit of this sense ; as the writer does Clydes. not here mention the proper effects of a change of wind, but what in this case the mariners to do. s. Bombasin a stuff. ought BOMBESIE, ; In this active sense he explains haik, to anchor. Bolyn " "Johne Gardin," &c. Flemyngis, strangearis, is undoubtedly from 0. Fr. bolin-er, to sail a wind, by and warkmeu ar cum within this realme to exercise close a wind or upon ; to lay tauk aboard, Cotgr. tliair craft and occupation n in making of searges, grow- Huke may signify to tack, from Teut. huck-en, incur- vari as hull: is to cast grams, fusteanis, boml>esles, stemmingis, beyis [baize], ; most probably, anchor, Su.-G. covertouris of beddis, and vtheris appertening to the hak, unco prehendere ; Teut. hatck-en, unco figere. be said craft," &c. Acts Ja. VI. 1587, Ed. 1814, p. 507. Scheld may equivalent to Belg. scheel, obliquus ; and the denote that an course must phrase may oblique BOMBILL, s. Buzzing noise; metaph. used be lirM ; unless it be for schald, as the neces- denoting for sity of keeping where the sea is rather shallow, that boasting. the anchor may hold. For all your bombiU y'er warde a little we. Polwart's Flyting, Watson's Coll. iii. 5. BOLL. Lintseed Boll. V. Bow. Teut. bommele, a drone. BOLLIT, pret. BOMESPAR, s. A spar of a larger kind.

' ' " "And that samyn tyme he tnke schir James Stewart Bomesparea, the hundreth xx. 1. Rates, A. 1611. " the lord of Lornia brother, & William Stewart, & put Bomeipars the hundred, containing one hundred thaim in pittis, & bollit thaim." Addicioun of Scot. and twenty 10 s." Ibid. A. 1670, p. 7. C'orniklis, p. 3. Su.-G. bom signifies obex, vectis, a bar or spar for a As Buchanan were laid in it for in says they irons, might gate, or shutting ; Teut. boom. Germ, baum, id., have appeared that this was an erratum for boUU. But whence schlag-baum, "a bar or cross-bar of a gate, O. Fr. boulir and bouillir denoted some kind of or this as " punish- door, shop-window." Ludwig gives synon. ment : Genre de supplice autrefois en usage. Bolir, with sptrr-baum, of which our bomespar is merely the BOM [244] BON

inversion. He defines "a a sperr-baum, bar, long BONDAGE, BONNAGE, s. The designation narrow piece of wood to bare a gate with." given to the services due by a tenant to the BOMILL, s. Apparently a cooper's instru- proprietor, or by a cottager to the farmer, as it is with ment, qu. wimble ?], conjoined Angus. " i.e. adze Aberd. The farmer holds his farm from the landlord eche, ; Reg. for of certain of a certain payment a sum money ; To BOMMLE, v. n. To work confusedly, number of days work with his horses, carts, and men, at whatever time, and for whatever purpose they may Gl. Picken. V. BUMMIL, v. Ayrs. be demanded ; also a fixed number of shearers for one or more in harvest. The name that this "Borrowed." days very BON, Expl. service gets here, bondage, indicates the light in which " it is viewed the He that trusts to bon ploughs, will have his land by tenantry. "The residence of the farmer is flanked with a lye lazy;" S. Pro. "Borrowed;" N. Kelly's Sc. Prov. inhabitants are vassals the 145. cluster of cottages. The to p. farmer. furnish the farmer with a shearer each Perhaps it strictly signifies begged, as denoting what They in exclusive of their own and one asks as a favour. Thus it may be viewed as allied harvest, service, perform such other labour for him throughout the year as may to Isl. b6n, gratis acceptio, mendicatio ; bonord, pre- mendicatio Su. -G. Hence be agreed on." Edin. Mag. Aug. 1818, p. 126-7. catio, bonbiorg, ; boen, preces. " Another set of payments consisted in services, em- perhaps E. boon ; q. what is given in consequence of called And these solicitation. phatically Bonage (from bondage). were exacted either in seed-time, in ploughing and BON. harrowing the proprietor's land, or in summer, m the [Bane.] of his or other fuel and in in carriage coals, ; harvest, his courss Old Saturn cloudy had gon, cutting down his crop." Agr. Surv. Kincard. p. 213. and bon. The quhilk had beyu bath best byrdis This term is also used in composition. Wallace, ix. 7. MS. BONNAGE-HEUK, s. A tenant, who is bound Byrdis is misprinted burdis, Perth edit. Son can- not well be understood in any other sense than that of by the terms of his lease to reap, or use his mischief. "The influence of Saturn had lane, proved hook, for the proprietor in harvest, Aberd. the bane, both of beasts and of birds." It seems to in none of be thus written, merely met. causa. For BONNAGE-PEATS, s. pi. Peats, which, by his the Northern does this word with an languages appear a tenant is bound to furnish to the o. lease, proprietor, ib. BON-ACCORD, s. 1. Agreement, amity. BONDAY WARKIS. " Articles of Bonaccord to be condescended upon by "All and haill the maniss of Grenelaw, with the the of for and as magistrates Aberdeen, themselves, Cayne and bonday warlcis of the baronie of burden them for all the inhabitants. We peittis taking upon Crocemichaell, with dew services of the samene barony." desire subscriptions and seal to thir heartily your Acts Ja. VI. 1617, Ed. 1814, p. 571. The phrase reasonable or a or answer demands, peremptory present occurs thrice in this act. of bon-accord or mal-accord." i. 214, 216 Spalding, It seems equivalent to days of bondage, or the par- (M). ticular seasons and times of work, to which vassals are bound by their leases. 2. A term which seems to have been formerly nsed by way of toast, as expressive of amity BONE, s. A petition, a prayer. and kindness. And lukand vpwart towart the clere mone, " With afald voce thus wise he made his bone. the time he was in Aberdeen, he no During got Doug. Virgil, 290. 43. bon-accord drunken to him in wine ; whether it was The word is used in the same sense in O. E. refused, or not offered, I cannot tell." Spald. ii. 57. He bade hem all a bone. Fr. bon good, and accord, agreement. Chaucer, v. 9492. BONALAIS, BONAILIE, BONNAILLIE, s. 'A He made a request to them all, Tyrwhitt. Isl. bae, mendi- oratio ; boon, petitio, gratis acceptio, drink taken with a friend, when one is about precatio, catio, G. Andr. A.-S. ben, bene, id. to with him as of one's part ; expressive s. small fixed to the bot- wishing him a prosperous journey, S. BONETT, "A sail, tom or sides of the sails, to accelerate With that thai war a gudly cumpany, great Off waillit men had wrocht full in calm weather." Gl. hardely ; the ship's way Compl. in a morow Bonalais drunk rycht gladly ; Heis hie the croce (he bad) al mak thaim boun, leiff thai tuk, and with Sanct Jhon to borow. Syn And fessin bonettis beneth the mane sale doun. Wallace, ix. 45. MS. Doug. Virgil, 156. 12. his sailed in "Also she declared, that when own son Fr. bonnette, Sw. bonet, id. Both words differ in and not his father his bon- David Whyts ship, gave orthography from those which denote a covering for he naillie, the said William said, What? Is sailed, the head; the Fr. being bonnet, and the Sw. bonad. ? devil with him : if and given me nothing The be But as bonad, a cap or bonnet, whence the Fr. word ever ne come home again, he shall come home naked has been derived, is traced to Sw. bonad, amictus,

: it fell Trial for and bare and so out." Witchcraft, clothed or covered (hufurud-bonad, tegmen capitis), it is Statist. Ace. xviii. 557. not improbable that bonnette, as applied to a sail used Bonalais It is now generally pron. bonalllie, S. for the purpose formerly mentioned, may be from the might seem to be the plur. But perhaps it merely re- same root with bonad, which is Su.-G. bo, boa, bua, tains the form of Fr. Bon allez. amicire if not the preparare, instruere, ; originally BON [245] BON

four and same word. For it appears that bonad is used with Gude twenty ganging milla, That thro' a' the to me. great latitude. Nostrum bonad, Ihro observes, trans- gang yeir Minstrelsy Border, i. 65. lata significatione deinde usurpatur pro quovis apparatu ; ut vo. Jio. We add Isl. in waeijy-bonad, tapes ; may Bonny is used the same sense by Shakspeare, and vestitus from bua bunad-ur, habitus, ; bua, instruere, since his time by some other E. writers. But I sus- be that there tiy induere vestes. It may observed, pect that it is properly S. Nor does it seem very is no difference in orthography between Teut. bonet, ancient. I have not met with it in any older work than infimae veli pileus, and bonet, orthiax, appendix quae the Tale of the Priests of Peblis, supposed to have been parti adjicitur ; Kilian. written before 1492. Johnson derives it from Fr. bon, It be that bonet occurs in the same is may subjoined, bonne, good. This by no means satisfactory ; but sense, O. E. "Bonet of a sayle, [Fr.] bonette dung we must confess that we cannot substitute a better tref ;" Palsgr. B. iii. F. 21. etymon. Some view it as allied to Gael, boigheacfi, * loidheach, pretty. BON-GRACE, s. 1. The name formerly adv. S. given in S. to a large bonnet worn by fe- BONNILIB, Beautifully, like a males. May ye flourish lily, Now bonnilie I "The want of the screen, which was drawn over the Burns, iii. 217. head like a veil, she supplied by a ban-grace, as she it a like those the . handsomeness. called ; large straw bonnet, worn by BONYNES, Beauty, English maidens when labouring in the fields." Heart Your bonynes, your bewtie bricht, of M. Loth. iii. 61. Your staitly stature, trim and ticlit, "Her dark elf-locks shot out like the snakes of the Your properties dois all appeir, -M v senses to illude. gorgon, between an old fashioned bonnet called a Bon- fhilotta, S. P. R. i. 1. grace," &c. Guy Mannering, i. 37. This term is still used in the same sense, S. B. 2. A coarse straw-hat worn the female by For bonyness and other gueed out-throw, of their Roxb. were as as ever tred the dew. peasantry, own manufacture, ; They right Ross's llelenore, p. 12. synon. Ruskie. Her bonnyness has been forseen, "Bonyrace (Fr.) a kind of screen which children In' ilka town baith far and near. wear on their foreheads in the summer-time, to keep Herd's CM. ii. 23. sun them from being tanned by the heat of the ; " a. 1. a Loth. Phillips. Fr. bonne-grace, th' uppermost flap of the BONNY-DIE, A toy, trinket, taile belike of a French-hood ; (whence bits o' weans wad and toddle down-hanging " "The up, puir things, our Boon-grace) Cotgr. to the door, to pu' in the auld Blue-gown that mends a' their bonny-dies." Antiquary, ii. 142. 1. BONIE, BONYE, BONNY, adj. Beautiful, "Gie the ladie back her bonie die, and be blithe to be rid on't." The i. 136. V. DIE. pretty, S. Pirate, Contempill, exempill 2. The term is applied to money, as having Tak be nir proper port, influence of a on the Gif onye so bonye the gewgaw eye. did resort. Ainang you "Weel, weel, gude e'en to you ye hae seen the Maitland 237. Poems, p. last o' me, and o' this bonny-dye too," said Jenny, Boniest, most beautiful. "holding between her finger and thumb a silver dollar." Tales of ii. 241. The maist benign, and boniest, my Landlord, Mirrour of madins Margareit. BONNIE w S. Alontgomerie, Maitland Poems, p. 166. ALLIES, gewgaws, " If promise Lord sae of these bonnie 2. It is used in the same you my mony occasionally ironically, wallies, we'll no be weel hafted here before we be found way with E. pretty, S. out, and set a trotting again." The Pirate, i. 104. V. s. a Thair fathers purelie can begin, WALY, toy. With and a skin hap, halfpenny, and lamb's ; s. Bank. And purelie ran fra toun to toun, on feit BONK, And than riclit oft wetshod, werie and weit : -To his obeysance he Quhilk at the last, of monie smals, couth niak Subdewit had the peppil Sarraste, bonie This pedder ane gude fute pak. And al the large feildis, bonk and bus, Priests of Peblis, p. 9. Quhilk ar bedyit with the riuer Samus. 235. 17. i. e. "This pretty pedlar." Doty. Virgil, Ye'll see the toun intill This is most corr. from A.-S. bene. Isl. a bonny steer ; probably For they're a thrawn and root-hewn cabbraeh pack. bunga, however, signifies tumor terrae, which is nearly Ross's Helenorc, p. 90. allied in sense. Old P. Walker uses it in the same sense, in a very s. The same with Bunker, q. v. : BONKER, rough" passage After a drunken meeting at Glasgow six hundred Booker claith, the covering for this. of the Resolutioners went to the unclean plagued bed, "The air sail haue ane banker claith, ane furme, where some of them had lien in uncleanness before the " ane chair, &c. Balfour's Pract. p. 235. 1638, with that old grey-headed strumpet Prelacy (a bonny bride indeed) mother and daughter of Popery, BONNACK O' KNAESHIP, a certain duty with her skin and face as black as a Blackmoor with paid at a mill, Ayrs. This is the bannock perjury and defection." Remark. Pass. 172. p. due to the servant. V. KNAWSHIP. 3. Precious, valuable. on the Grant me BONNAGE, *. "An obligation, part my life, my liege, my king ! And a bonny gift I'll gi'e to thea, of the tenant, to cut down the proprietor's BON [240] BON

"I was to a word about till I had corn. This duty he performs when called unwilling say it, secured the ground, for it belonged to auld Johnnie on." Statist. Ace. i. 433 S. ; Howie, a bonnet-laird here hard by, and many a com- This obligation was generally of greater extent, as muning we had before he and I could agree." Anti- from the article BONDAGE. i. 73. appears quary," This is evidently a corr. of Bondage. Bondi sunt Sometimes he will fling in a lang word or a bit of qui pactionis vinculo se astrinxerint in servitutem : learning that our farmers and baiinet-lainls canna sae unde et nomen, iiam bond Anglice vinculum, Bondi weel follow." St. Ronan, ii. 60. quasi astricti uuncupantur. Spelm. vo. Ifatirus. "The first witness gained the affections, it is said, of one of the jurors, an old bien carle, a ban net- BONNAR, s. "Abond,"Gl. laird to whom she was, in the course of a short time " Says Patie, My news is but sma'; after, married." The Entail, ii. 176. Yestreen I was wi' liis honour, And took three rigs o' braw land, BONNET-PIECE, s. "A gold coin of And put myself under a bonnar." James V., the most beautiful of the Scottish Jamieson's Popular Ball. i. 312. series so called the of the L. B. bonnar-ium denotes a certain measure of land. ; because effigies Modus certis limitibus seu bonnis definitus. Fr. agri king are represented wearing a bonnet." Bonnier de terre ; Du Cange. Bonna is expl. "Ter- " the pieces of that prince, commonly minus, limes." Certainly gold called bonnet pieces, are so remarkable, not only for BONNET. V. WHITE BONNET. their compactness, but for the art of engraving, that I do not know if there ever was any coin, either then, BONNET. Blue Bonnet. This, in former or at present, in all Europe, that conies nearer to the Roman coin in Ruddiman's Introd. to times, in Teviotd. at least, was used as a elegance." Diplom. p. 133. for off the evil charm, especially warding "The common gold coins of this reign (well known influence of the fairies. by the name of Bonnet Pieces, and said to have been coined out of gold found in the of Scotland) " An unchristened child was considered as in the kingdom are extremely beautiful, and little inferior to the finest most imminent danger, should the mother, while on medals." Nicolson's Scot. Hist. Libr. p. 300. the straw, neglect the precaution of having the blue "The bonnet piece, No. 5 and 9 of Plate II. weighs bonnet worn by her husband constantly beside her. 72 gr. its half, No. 11, and quarter, No. 10, in pro- When a cow happened to be seized with any sudden portion." Cardonnel's Numism. Pref. p. 28. disease, (the cause of which was usually ascribed to " There is a head, and Julian the she said to high price upon thy the malignant influence of fairies, ) was Avenel loves the glance of gold bonnet-pieces." Mon- be elf-shot, and it was reckoned as much as her life ' ii. 267. was worth not to ' dad her wi' the blue bonnet.' It's astery, no wordie a dad of a bonnet,' was a common phrase BONNY, BONIE, O'T. 1. To denote a small used when expressing contempt, or alluding to any of it is said to be the thing not worth the trouble of repairing." Edin. Mag. quantity any thing, April 1820, p. 3445. bonie o't, Renfr., Roxb. "But o't like Bole's mother." S. Prov. To FILL one's BONNET, to be equal to one in bonny good "spoken when we think a thing little." Kelly, p. 72. " He'll ne'er his bonnet" any respect ; as, Jill Shall we view this as allied to C. B. ton, the butt- will S. end, boniad the hindmost one ; or to Fr. ban, as used he never match him, " in the phrase, le bon d'argent, the surplusage, or over- May every archer strive of the ?" O't is of it. llis bonnet, and observe plus money undoubtedly The he has set with pattern skill, BONNIVOCHIL, s. The Great Northern And praise like him deserve. Poems on the Company of Archers, p. 33. Diver, Colymbus glacialis, Linn. " 'He's but a coward body after a',' said Cuddy, "The Bonnivochil, so called by the natives, and by ' He'll never he's but a daidling coward body. Jill the seamen Bishop and Carrara, as big as a goose, bonnet. ami Rumbleberry's Rumbleberry fought flyted having a white spot on the breast, and the rest parti- like a Tales of Landlord, First it but is in fleeing dragon.'" my coloured ; seldom flies, exceeding quick Ser. iii. 79. diving." Martin's West. Isl. p. 79. Gael, id. the bh sounded v. I To EIVE the BONNET of another, to excel him bunobhuachail, being know not, if from buana a hewer, and buaice a wave, S. in whatever respect, q. one that outs through the waves. it is said of a son, who is no means viewed Thus, by BONNOCK, *. A sort of cake, Ayrs. ; synon. as to his parent, "Hewinna rive his father's superior" Bannock. bonnet ; and sometimes given as a toast, designed to the warmest wishes for the success of a new- Tell yon guid bluid o' auld Boconnock's, express " I'll be his debt twa maslilum bonnocks born or rising son, "May he rive his father's bonnet! " he be Burns, iii. 24. equivalent to another phrase ; May father- better!" % BONOCH, s. "A binding to tye a cow's BONNET-FLEUK, *. The pearl, a fish, Frith of hind legs when she is a milking." Forth. "You are one of Cow Meek's breed, you'll stand " ' ' without a bonoch; S. Prov. Kelly, p. 371. Plenronectes rhombus. Brill, Pearl, Mouse-dab ; Neill's List of Fishes, p. 12. Bonnet-Jleuk." BONOUR, s. s. A I was wi' his Honour BONNET-LAIRD, BANNET-LAIRD, Yestreen ; one who farms his own I've taen three rigs of bra' land, yeoman, property, And hae bound mysel under a honour. S. Cock-laird. Herd's Coll. ii. 190. ; synon. BON [247] BOO

The sense will not well admit that this should be BONXIE, . The name given to the Skua aa from Fr. bonheur, good fortune, happy rencounter ; Gull, Shetl. it is connected with bound under. Perhaps the author which exhibits rather an uncultivated of this song, "The Skua (Lams cataractcs) though scarcely bonniere as de- mind, having heard the Fr. word used, known in the south of Britain, is doubtless a distinct a certain measure of had it to the noting land, applied specie*. The Shetlanders call it Sonxie," Neill's entered into with the landholder for bargain ground Tour, p. 9. to this extent. L. B. bonnar-ium, bonuar-ium, modus certis limitibus seu bonnis definitus Du agri ; Cange. BOO, Bow, s. A term sometimes used to denote a farm-house or in BONSPEL, s. 1. A match at archery. village, conjunc- tion with the name : the "Thekingis mother favoured the Inglismen, because proper as, Boo of sister : and thairfoir shoe was the king of Inglaudia fiallingshaw, the Upper Boo, the Nether Boo, shoe tuik ane waigeour of archerie vpoun the Ing- &c. lishmanis haudis, contrair the king hir sone, and any Ang. aither or half duzoun Scottismen, noblmeu, gentlmen, This is in all prolxibility allied to Su.-G. bo, Isl. bit, schott ; that so men sould a yeatnanes many Inglisch boo, domicilium, house or dwelling, also, a village ; againes thame at riveris, buttis, or prick bonnet. The Moes-G. baua, Mark, v. 3. Bauan nabaida in aurah- of this of his was weill king, heiring bonspettl mother, jam ; He had his dwelling among the tombs. Sau-an, content. 80 thair was laid an hundreth crounes, and Alem. bouu-en, bu-tn, Isl. bu-a, to dwell, to inhabit. aue tun of wyne pandit on everie syd." Pitscottie's In the Orkney Islands, where the Gothic was long Cron. 348. p. preserved in greater purity than in pur country, the does occur in Edit. This word not 1728. principal farm-house on an estate, or in any particular district of is in a on the it, great many instances called the 2. A match, at the diversion of Curling Soil or Bow. S. the of the eastmost in ice, between two opposite parties ; "From top mountain Choye, there a like to that of the sun The tonspel o'er, hungry and cold, they hie appeareth great light, where is reflected from a mirror, to at the Bow or To the next alehouse ; the game play'd any standing and over the chief house in Mackaile's Relation in MS. Again, yet again, jugg Choye." Until some hoary hero, haply he ap. Barry's Orkney, p. 452. direction the doubtful Whose sage won day, Whether the Bow of Fife has had a similar origin, tedious talks To his attentive juniors may deserve inquiry. Of former times of a ; many boiispeel gaiu'd "The Bow of Fife is the name of a few houses on parishes. Against opposing the road to Cupar. Whether this uncommon name is Graemes I'oenis. Anderson's Poets, xi. 447. taken from a bending of the road, as some suppose, The from a be illus- etymon bonna, village, may can not be determined. It has been thought that this trated, at least, if not confirmed, the following ac- by place is nearly the centre of Fife : this is also offered " count of this exercise : as the reason of the name. P. Monimail, Fife, Statist. chief in winter is or "Their amusement curling, Ace. ii. 403. stones on smooth ice vie with playing ; they eagerly "The principal chemis-place, i.e. the head-fiMiV or one another who shall come nearest the mark, and one principal manor." Fea's Grievances of Orkn. p. 58. of the another one part parish against ; description I have given the orthography Boo, as this word is of men another one trade or against ; occupation invariably pron. both in Aug. and in Orkn. If Bol another and often one whole against ; parish against should be considered as the original form, it corre- contend for the which is another, earnestly palm, sponds to Su.-G. bol, which, like bo, Isl. bu, signifies all the the victors generally prize, except perhaps domicilium. It seems originally to have denoted tho claim from the vanquished, the dinner and bowl of of a manor-house proprietor ; and, in fonner times, to do them both take toddy, which, justice, commonly the property being almost universally allodial, there with and without together great cordiality, generally, would scarcely be a single proprietor who did not any grudge at the fortune of the day." Stat. Ace. P. cultivate his own lands. 612. Muirkirk, vii, Teut. boeye, tugurium, domunculum, casa, must cer- be viewea as the same word. The 3. This term is used to denote a match of any tainly originally obvious affinity of Gael. l>al to Su.-G. bol has been else- kind as at or even at Aberd. ; golf, fighting, where mentioned. V. BAL. It may be added, that Teut. balie in This has been derived from Fr. ban, and Belg. spel, approaches nearly signification, denoting an inclosure Kilian a fenced play, q. a good game. But it will be found that the ; conseptum, vallum, ; place in with stakes the first form of a It same word is rarely formed from two different lan- being town. may be that in the of S. guages. It may therefore rather be traced to Belg. bonne, subjoined, Highlands any large house, as the manor-house, or that the a village, a district, and spel, play ; because the inhabi- possessed by is called the Ball of such a the tants of different villages or districts contend with principal farmer, place, name of the or of the hinds sub- each other in this sport, one parish, for example, adjoining village being challenging another. Or, the first syllable may be joined. traced to Su.-G. bond?, an husbandman. Su.-G. sptl-a, Alem. to Ghosts, Aberd. spil-an, Germ, spiel-en, Belg. spel-en, play. BOODIES,s.j9Z. hobgoblins. Bond, may, however, l>e equivalent to foedus, as the "By this time it wis growing mark, and about the Tout, term is used. Thus bondspel would be synon. time o' night that the boodiea begin to gang." Journal with Teut. wed-spel, certamen, from wedd-en, certare from London, p. 6. pignore, deposito pignore certare, to play on the ground It might be deduced from A.-S. boda, Su.-G. bod, of a certain pledge. V. CURL. bud, Belg. boode, a messenger, from bod-ion, to declare, to denounce considered as BONTE', s. What is useful or advantageous, ; spectres being messengers from the dead to the living; and A.-S. boda, and E. a benefit, Fr. id. bode, being used to denote an omen. But it seems to "All new bonte'ui now appering amang ws ar cum- be rather originally the same with C. B. bugudhai, hob- Bell. c. myn only by thy industry/' Crou. B. xvii. 4. goblins ; Lhuyd. This corresponds with Bonumac utile, in the original. It confirms the latter etymon, that Gael. Bodack is BOO [248] BOO

When he on his fleesome cowl used in the same sense. It seems properly to denote got ; But misca'il him. a sort of family spectre. may-be they A. Wilson's 203. "Every great family had in former times its Daemon, Poems, 1790, p. or Genius, with its peculiar attributes. Thus the This word has been viewed as denoting rotundity, family of Bothemurchus had the Bodach an dun, or or some resemblance to a bowl, of which the term is ghost of the hill. Kincardine's, the spectre of the considered as merely a provincial pronunciation. Thus, bloody hand. Qartinletj house was haunted by Bodach an auld bool is understood to signify an old round or bole Oartiu ; and Tuttoch Oorm's by Maug Moulach, or the corpulent fellow ; and the bool or of a tree its girl with the hairy left hand." Pennant's Tour in S. round trunk. This seems in 1769. p. 156, 157. word properly to signify the trunk ; as " 'I have seen,' he said, lowering his voice, 'the Bod- the bool of a pipe is the gross part of it which holds ach Glas.' 'Bodach Glas?' 'Yes; have you been so the tobacco. It is perhaps from Su.-G. bol, the trunk long at Glennaquoich, and never heard of the Grey of the body, as distinguished from the head and feet. Spectre ? When my ancestor, Ian nan Chaistel, wasted It may have come into use, to denote the person, in Northumberland, there was associated with him in the the same manner as body. expedition a sort of southland chief, or captain of a Callender, in his MS. notes on Ihre, vo. Bola, trim- band of Lowlanders, called Halbert Hall. In their cus, mentions the bole of a tree as a synon., and appar- return through the Cheviots, they quarrelled about ently as a S. phrase. the division of the had and great booty they acquired, "Boll of a tree, the stem, trunk, or body. North." came from words to blows. The lowlanders were cut Gl. Grose. off to a and their chief fell the covered with man, last, Isl. bol-ur, however, is sometimes used to denote the wounds, the sword of ancestor. Since that by my belly ; venter, uterus ; G. Andr. time, his spirit has crossed the Vich Ian Vohr of the when disaster was but es- day, any great impending, BOOL, s. Bool of a pint-stoup. V. BOUL. pecially before approaching death.'" Waverley, iii. 158. 157, To BOOL, BULE, v. n. 1. To weep in a very childish with a continued BOODIE-BO, s. A bug-bear, an object of manner, humming sound to bule an' Roxb. terror, Aberd.; synon. Bu, Boo. ; generally, greet, with a low To v. a. with 2. To sing wretchedly drawling BOOFF, To strike, properly " note. The at is added, as, bulirt at the hand, so as to produce a hollow sound, prep, Fife. a sang," ib. " Ere ever I wist he has bannet whipped aff, " my BOOFF, s. A stroke causing a hollow sound, and is booling at a sawm [psalm]. Brownie of Bods- ii. 47. ibid.; Baff, synon. V. BUFF, v. and . which beck, Isl. Su.-G. Sw. to must be viewed as the same baul-a, bol-a, mugire ; boel-a, low, differently pro- to bellow. V. next word. nounced. BOOLYIE, s. A loud threatening noise, like of BOOHOO, intery. Used to express contempt, the bellowing a bull, Ettr. For. with a of the If not from the accompanied projection lips ; formed preceding verb, apparently from the same The s. forcibly the Isl. pron. buhu, Roxb. Also, used as a s. in this origin. suggests " term bauli, taurus, and baula, vacca. The E. v. to Bawl form I woudna a boolioo for ibid. ; gi' you," must be viewed as a cognate term. To v. n. To shew in the BOOHOO, contempt BOOLS of a pot, s.pl. Two crooked instru- mode described ibid. above, ments of iron, linked together, used for lift- " " a a ado Sewel. Belg. boha, noise, boast, ; ing a pot by the ears, S.; also called clips. Teut. an instrument for BOOIT, s. A hand-lantern. V. BOWET. boghel, numella, fastening the necks of beasts, to prevent them from being un- to ; from A.-S. to bow, bend. To BEUK, v. a. To a ruly bogh-en. bug-an, BOOK, register couple Hence Germ, buqel denotes any thing that is circular in in the Session-records, order to the pro- or curved. Thus a stirrup is denominated, sttig-bugtl, it is of means of which clamation of bans, S. because a circular piece iron, by one mounts a horse. "Charles and Isabella were informed that his brother and Bodle were to be bookit on that Betty Saturday, is, BOOL-HORNED, adj. Perverse, obstinate, in- their names recorded for the publication of the banns, flexible, S. in the books of the Kirk-Session." The Entail, i. 232. This word, it would appear, is from the same origin s. This act of is BOOKING, recording by way with Boots, as containing a metaph. allusion to a beast of eminence denominated the booking, S. that has distorted horns. What confirms this etymon is, that it is pronounced "It was agreed that the booking should take place boolie-horned, Border, and W. of S. A. Bor. buckle- on the approaching Saturday." Ibid, p. 230. horns, "short crooked horns turned horizontally in- BOOL, s. A contemptuous term for a man, wards ;" Gl. Grose, q. boghel horns. if advanced in It is often especially years. BOONo/iiW. V. BUNE. with an as '' an auld conjoined ; epithet BOON (of shearers), s. A company or band l)" an old fellow, o. of reapers, as many as a farmer employs, Some said he was a tool ; camsheugh Dumfr. Buind. V. KEMP, v. Nae yarn nor rapes cou'd baud him, Loth., pron. q. BOO [249] BOO

both did to him It seems allied to A. Bor. "to boon or burn ; to do They cry above To save their for baud service to another, as a copyholder is bound to do to souls, they die. iii. 140. the lord ;" Gl. Grose. Minstrelsy Border, HIM and bud occur in the same sense in Ywaine and Isl. buatuli, ruricola, Luanda, cives ; q. those who dwell together, from bu-a habitare; Su.-G. bo, id. also, Gawin : cohabitare, whence bonda, ruricola. Then sal ye say, nodes bus me take

A lorde to do that forsake : s. The dinner on the ye BOON-DINNER, given Nedes bus yow have sum nobil knyght harvest-field to a band of reapers, S. That wil and may defend your right. " A'. M. Rom. i. 40. The youths and maidens gathering round a small And when he saw him bvd be ded knoll by the stream, with bare head and obedient hand, ; Thau he kouth no better rede, waited a serious and lengthened blessing from the " Bot did him haly in thair grace. good-man of the boon-dinner. Blackw. Mag. July Ibid, p. 127. 1820, p. 375. " Bus, behoves ; bud, behoved," Gl. like BOONER, adj. Upper, Loth.; pron. For might thai noght fle, bot thaire bud thaim bide. Guid, Elude, &c. Afinot's 1'oems, p. 20. This is Chaucer seems to use bode in the same sense: obviously the comparative ; Boonmoet, q. v. being the superlative. What should I more to you deuise ? Ne bode I ueuer thence go, BOONERMOST, s. Uppermost. Whiles that I saw hem daunce so. Rom. Fol b. col. 1. This is an awkward and anomalous form of the super- Rose, 113, lative. It may be derived from the A.-S. v. subst. Byth is used in the Howe in a 'tato fur imperat. ; byth he, let him be ; also, in the and There may Willie be, potential optative, as well as beoth. Byth, beoth Wi' his neb boonermost, &c. he, sit, ut inum sit, Lye. But most probably it is a corr. Jacobite Relics, i. 25. V. BOONMOST. of behoved, Belg. behoeft. BOONMOST, adj. S. bune- Uppermost, pron. t. Coarse ribbed worsted mist. BOOT-HOSE, pi hose, without feet, fixed a under the The man that was and mad by flap ramping raving of The ane he wanted thinks that she had been. buckle the shoe, and covering the breeches Th' that boonmost on her unchancy coat, lay, at the knee, formerly worn instead of boots, Made him that it was sae. believe, really S. Gramashes. Kvss's llelmore, p. 60. ; synon. A.-S. biffan, bufon, above, and most. "His dress was that of a horse-dealer a close- buttoned coarse blue BOORICK, s. A shepherd's hut. V. Bou- jockey-coat, upper stockings, RACK. called boot-hone, because supplying the place of boots." &c. Heart of Mid Loth. ii. 18. "He wore and BOOST, s. A Box. V. BUIST. boot-hose, was weel arrayed." Blackw. Mag. Jan. 1821, p. 406. 1 BOOST, t . imp. Behoved, was under the BOOTES, s. "A kind of rack necessity of, Orkn.; pronounced q. buist, as BOOTS, pi. for with Gr. v. V. v. the leg, formerly used in Scotland for BOOT, imp. " criminals torturing ; Johns. BOOT, BOUT, s. A sieve, Roxb.; obviously 1 , This account is not accurate as the boots con from E. bolt, to sift, whence bolter, a quite ; were used in order to extort sieve. confession of criminality. "Lastly, he (Doctor Fian alias John Cunningham) Johnson derives the v. E. from Fr. blut-er, id. Per- was put to the most severe and cruell paint- in the haps it is allied to Isl. built, motus creber, because of world, called the Bootes, who after he had received the quick motion of the sieve. three strokes," tc. "Then was he with all con- venient speed, by commandment, convaied to the BOOT, BUT, BOUD, BIT, BUD, BOOST, v. againe imp. torment of the Bootes, wherein he continued a long was under a S. did Behoved, necessity of, ; He time, and abide so many blowes in them, that boot to do such a he could not his legges were crasht and beatin as small as thing ; avoid together mightbee, and the bones and flesh so bruised, that the it. It bit to be It was that this ; necessary bloud and marrow forth in spouted great abundance ; should take place. whereby they were made unserviceable for ever." Newes from the damnable Life of Tell Jenny Cock, gin she jeer any mair, Scotland, declaring Ye ken where Dick a' Doctor Fian, 1591. curfuffl'd her hair, " Took aff her snood and The council ordered him of ; syne when she yeed ham?. [Keilson Corsack] and she Soot say tint it, nor durst tell for shame. Mr. Hugh M'Kail to be tortured with the boots (for Ross's 18. a of iron boots close on the Hdenore, p. they put pair leg, and drove And he a huu'er at between these and the until questions him spiers ; wedges leg, the marrow To some o' which he meant but sma' reply, came out of the bone." Crookshank's Hist. i. 203, But boot to gie a where/or for a why. Ed. 1751. Nor durst ae word he spak be out b' joint, But a' he said boot be just to the point. BOOTIKIN, s. A dimin. used in the same sense 34. Shirrefs' Poems, p. the is with verb. Boost used in the West of S. : preceding " -I fear, that wi' the geese, He came above deck and said, why are you so dis- I shortly boist to pasture couraged ? You need not fear, there will neither thum- the craft some day. bikin nor bootikin come here." Walker's Peden, p. 26. Burns, iii. 95. The term does not appear to have been of general H 2 BOO [250] BOR

in this was used as use sense, but perhaps, partly rhym- BORCII, BORGII, BOWRCII, BOROW, s. 1. A with and as of de- ing thwmbikin, partly expressive The term denotes a risory contempt. surety. properly person who becomes bail for another, for whatever s. A V. BYOUTOUR. BOOTYER, glutton. purpose. V. BOUZY. Thar leyff thai tuk, with conforde into playu, BOOZY, adj. Bushy. Sanct Jhone to borch thai suld meyt haille agayn. Wallace, iii. 337. MS. s. 1. A small hole or BOR, BOIR, BORE, He him betuk on to the haly Gaist, crevice a used for Saynct Jhone to borch thai suld meite haill and sound. ; place shelter, especially Ibid. v. 63. MS. by smaller animals, S. i. e. He committed himself to the Holy Spirit, calling A sonne bem ful bright on St. John as their pledge. V. ibid. v. 452. Schon opon the queue At a bore. The way we tuke the tyme I tald to forowe, With fare wele, and Sanct Johne to borowe Sir Tristrem, p. 152. mony Of falowe and frende, and thus with one assent, Schute was the door : in at a boir I blent. We pullit up saile and furth our wayis went. Police of Honour, iii. 69. King's Quair, ii. 4. Gret wild beists of lira and - Hth, be or cautioner. Bor- "Saint John with and your protector, Imployd pissance, strength pith, owe a It to have been an For feir thame selfis absentit : signifies pledge. appears benediction." N. And into hols and bars thame hyd, ordinary Tytler, storme for till eschew. The The very phrase, used in Wallace and King's Quair, Burel's Watson's Coll. u. 24. POg. 23, occurs in the Canterbury Tales. The holes and is still used in the same phrase, bores, As I best might, I hid fro him my sorwe, sense as in the last with ; and, passage quoted, greater And toke him by the honde, Seint John to borioe, latitude than the allusion S. said thus I originally admitted, And him ; Lo, am youre's all, Beth swiche as I have ben to you and shall. "2. An opening in the clouds, when the sky is Squieres Tale, v. 10910.

Ben Jonson uses in the same sense : thick and gloomy, or during rain, is called a burrough I durst be his blue bore, S. It is sometimes used Neighbour Medlay, burrough, metaph. He would not looke a true man in the vace. "This style pleased us well. It was the first blue Tale of a Tub, Works, ii. 80. bore that did in our Baillie's appear cloudy sky." It is evident, indeed, from these passages, as well as Lett. i. 171. from Wallace, ix. 45, that it was customary in those the word is not restricted in like E. Although sense, times, when friends were parting, to invoke some saint it has the same as bore, certainly origin, properly as their surety that they should afterwards have a a small hole that has been Su.-G. signifying perforated. happy meeting. V. BONALAIS. This language seems Germ, Isl. A.-S. bor, terebra; bora, foramen; bor-ian, evidently borrowed from our old laws, according to to pierce. which, "gif ony man becummis ane furth-cummand borgh for ane vther, to make him furth-cummand as 3. To tak or a to to reform in, up bore, begin ane haill man, it is sufficient, gif he produce him per- one's conduct, Mearns; synon. with "turning sonallie, haill and sounde before the judge, in lauchful time and Verb. vo. over a new leaf." place." Skene, Sign. Borgh. 2. laid in A pledge ; any thing pawn. BORAGE GROT, a groat or fourpenny-piece The thoucht he wes traist of a current King inewch, particular description, formerly Sen he in bowrch hys landis drewch : in S. And let hym with the lettir passe. Till entyr it, as for spokin was. "Item the auld sail for xvi d., the Englis grot pas Barbour, i. 628. MS. borage grot as the new grot." The term occurs in both senses in O. E. Borow is This may have been denominated from the use of used by Langland in the first sense : borax as an alloy. Teut. boragie, buglossa. He that biddeth borroweth, & bringeth himself in det, For borowen and their borow is God BORALE, BORELL, s. An instrument beggers euer, Almighty, BORAL, To yeld hem that geueth hem, & yet usurie more. for boring, one end of which is placed on the P. Ploughman, Fol. 37, b. breast, Teviotd. Hence called a breast-bore, i.e. to repay with interest those who give. Yet seems to obtain. Clydes. signify get, But if he liue in the life, that longeth to do wel, a borale xi a "A womyll, price d., ij pottis, pane For I dare be his bold borow, that do bet wil he neuer, price xx s." Act. Cone. Com. A. 1488, p. 106. Though do best draw on him day after other. "A wowmill, a borell price xi d." Ibid. p. 132. Ibid. Fol. 47, b. This is expl. a large gimlet, Ettr. For. Borgh occurs in Sir Penny : Su.-G. Isl. bor, terebrum ; whence bora, the orifice All ye need is soon sped, made, from bor-a, Teut. booren, id. perforate, Both withouten borgh or wed, Where Pennv between. BORAL HOLE, a hole made a wimble, Sel- goes by Spec. E. P. i. 268. kirks. Mr. Ellis, however, mistakes the sense, rendering His breist was like ane heck of whereas means or hay ; it, borrowing ; borgh pledge pawn, His gobe ane round and boral hole. as explained by the synon. wed. Hogg's Hunt of Eildon, p. 321. PI. borrowis. "Quhair a borgh is foundin in a court vpon a weir of law, that the partie defendar, as to that BORAL s. The handle of a wimble, TREE, borgh, sail haue fredome to be auisit, and ask leif thair- Teviotd . to, and sail haue leif, and quhether he will be auisit BOR [251] BOR

of his and his is one mode of within Court, findand borrowis entric, Now, suretyship only protection. This answer within the houre of cause. Acts Ja. i. 1429. is also confirmed by the customs, which anciently pre- c. 130. Edit. 1566. c. 115. Murray. Hence the phrase vailed in our own country, with respect to borrowing : is lent Lawborrowa, q. v. "Quheu ane thing and borrowed ; that vacs foenus to be sometime be of A.-S. Imrif, liorlt, fide-jussor; also, ; Germ. done, finding pledge* (borglis, liuri/f, a Su.-(i. Isl. cautioners) sometime be and of ane pledge. borgen, suretyship; giving receaving a-"

This appears to have been a sort of cloth manu- strek a borgh apone a weir of law," &c. Ja. I. A. factured at Alexandria, and other towns in Egypt, in 1429. V. WEIR OF LAW. Stryk, Edit. 1566. French called Bordat. "Petite etoffe ou tissu etroit, "In all the editions of the Acts of Parliament pre- qui se fabrique en quelques lieux d'Egypte, parti- ceding the last, the phrase in the statute 1429 is printed culierement au Caire, a Alexandria et a Damiette." to stryke, or strike, a borgh. This is unquestionably a Diet. Trev. mistake of the Editors for the word strek, to stretch or offer for in acceptance ; as the corresponding phrase MONTHIS the or BORD, apparently, ridge longi- the original forensic language, is extendere pleyiitm. tudinal summit of a mountain. Following the oldest MSS. of the Acts of James I., I have thus avoided what to me to be a All appears palpable landis, quhairever thay be. blunder." Communicated T. In Scotland s has merchis thr6 by Thomson, Esq. Dep. partis, ; Clerk Heid-roume, water, and monthis bord, Register. As eldren men has maid record. There can be no doubt of the propriety of this cor- Heid-roume is to the hill direct, rection. Fra the haugh callit in effect. Betwix twa glennis ane monthis bord BORGH, s. A surety. V. BORCH. I for it Divydis thay twa glennis ; stand [1. for'd]. Water cumand fra ane glen heid, BORN. Divydis that and stanchis feid glen, the when of Thortron burnis in monthis hie Harry Minstrel, speaking Corspatrick's in over to the makes this re- Sail stop na heid roume, thoch thay be. treachery going English, Ane bord brokin in dennis deep flection : Sail hald the lyue, and plumming keip. Is nayne in warld, at scaithis ma do mar, Balfour's Proof, p. 439. Than weile trastyt in born familiar. i 112. MS. This sense is nearly allied to that of Isl. bord, as Wattace, signifying a margin or extremity. The same word is In edit. 1648 it is, used in most of the northern languages, as well as in Then well trusted a borne familiar. Fr., to denote the of the hull of a highest part ship, I am at a loss to know whether this should be under- that which is above the water. stood according to thesense given in the edit, just now re- ferred to. In this case in must be an error in the MS. BORDEL, s. A brothel, Dunbar. for ane. But born may have some affinity to Isl. bor- Fr. bordel, id., Su.-G. A.-S. bord, a house. The Isl. gun, Su.-G. borgen, suretyship ; or borgin, assisted, dimin. of this, Ihre says, was L. B. bordett-um, bordil-e, from berg-a,, A.-S. beorg-an, a periculo tueri, servare ; tuguriolum, cujus generis olim meretricum sta- quum q. one under contract or obligation ; or to Su.-G. bur, bula essent. Hence the Fr. word. a habitation, as living under the same roof. The idea that born has some other sense than the BORDELLAR, s. A haunter of brothels. obvious one, might seem to be supported from the "He had nane sa familiar to hym, as fidlaris, bar- manner in which it is written in MS. as if it were a Bellend. Cron. B. dellaris, makerellis, and gestouris." contraction, born. This of itself, however, is no wise v. c. i. Boeth. Oaniones, decisive ; because it is often written in the same manner

elsewhere ; perhaps as a contr. of A.-S. boren, natus. BORE, s. A crevice. V. BOR. BORNE-DOWN, part. adj. Depressed, in BORE'S- (or BOAR'S) EARS, s, pi. The in mind, or in external circumstances, name given to the Auricula, S. B. Primula body, S. auricula, Linn. "Your judgment is with the Lord, for your zeale A bear is called a boar, S., especially S. B. This and care to have your reformation spred amongst other resembles the pronunciation of the Scandinavian na- opprest and bome-dovm churches." Pet. North of Irel. ations, bioern. Hence bioern-oron, auricula ursi. Acts Ass. 1644, p. 215. s. Sambucus V. BOUR- BORE-TREE, nigra. adv. forward in an TREB. BORN-HEAD, Straight Ettr. For. Horn- impetuous manner, ; synon. BOREAU, s. An executioner. V. BURIO. head. "For he be him BORGCHT, s. A surety. ought kens, ye may carrying born-head to his honour just now." Perils of Man, i. This is the of the Aberd. truly guttural orthography 242. to Reg. ; enough burst the wind-pipe of our southern V. BORCH. neighbours. BORNE-HEAD, adj. Headlong, furious, Upp. LATTIN TO BORGH, Laid in pledge. Clydes. " from Teut. A.-S. In the actioune agaue John Crosare for the Probably bor-tn, baer-en, tollere, se ferre ; A.-S. boren, ; with wrangwiss takin frae the saide Alex', of 1 scheip & a levare, prae part. pa. q. the head or carried or kow, quhilkis war ordanit of before be the lordis of borne, before, pushing forward, ox. consale to haue bene lattin to borgh to the saide Alex', like a butting to a certane lattin day ; quhilkis gndis forsaide war r to borgh to the saide Alex ." &o. Acts Audit. A. 1482, BORNE-MAD, adj. Furious, Upp. Clydes. p. 100. s. A composition for protec- Lattin is the part. pa. of the v. Lot, to let, as sig- BORNSHET, nifying to lay. tion from being plundered by an army. Teut. laeten Kilian. " zijn, ponere ; He joined with Holke, being both as Simeon and To STREK, or STBTK, A BORGH, to enter into Levi, exacting great contribution, and borneshets, or an infinite deale of money out or on compositions, pressing suretyship cautionary any ground. of the Duke of Saxon's hereditary lands." Monro's "Quhare twa partiis apperis at the bar, and the tane Exped. P. ii. p. 154. BOR [253] BOR

Evidently allied toTeut. boryft-ea, intutum recipere, Wi' his haffats in a lowe, gervare. The term may have been formed from Sw. Wons the waefu' wirricowe. Brownie I boryen, bail, security, and sktUt-a, to rate, to value ; or of Bodsbeck, 216, 217. Teut. bor

He views these observations as having a common no good objection could arise from the commencement origin with the vulgar idea in respect to the borrowed of the month a few days earlier than what corresponds days, as he designs them, according to the mode of ex- to the Borrowing Days ; this might be ascribed to the pression used, as would seem, in the X. of England. distance of time : nor. even from the difference as to Although we generally speak of them as three, they the number of the days, for, as was formerly observed, in an old may be mentioned as six, in the calendar, being counted Roman calendar, six days are mentioned, as repaid. which may be given to April; and this number, ex- Those, who are much addicted to superstition, will ceeding the difference between the lunar and solar neither borrow nor lend on any of these days. If any year only by eighteen hours, might correspond to that one should propose to borrow from them, they would of the borrowing days, if counted not only as borrowed, consider it as an evidence, that the person wished to but as repaid. employ the article borrowed, for the purposes of witch- craft, against the lenders. BOEROW-MAILL, BURROWMAIL, *. The Some of the that these received vulgar imagine, days annual duty payable to the a their from the conduct of the Israelites sovereign by designation for the of certain in borrowing the of the This ex- burgh enjoyment rights. property Egyptians. " travagant idea must have originated, partly from the That his Majesties burgh off Abirdene wes name, and partly from the circumstance of these days doted with ampill priuiledges & immunityes for the nearly corresponding to the time when the Israelites yeirlie payment of the soume of tua hundereth thret- left Egypt, which was on the 14th day of the month tene puudis sex schillingis aucht peunyes of borrow Abib or Nisan, including part of our March and April. mail!, specifeit and conteanit in the rightis and in- I know not, whether our western magi suppose that feftmentis maid to the said burgh thairvpoun." Acts the inclemency of the borrowing days has any relation Ja. VI. 1617, Ed. 1816, p. 579. V. MAIL, tribute. to the storm which proved so fatal to the Egyptians. In the Highlands, the same idea is commonly re- BORROWSTOUN, *. A royal burgh, S. ceived ; with this difference, that the days are con- "The postman with his bell, like the betherel of siderably antedated, as the loan is also reversed. some ancient borough's tmim summoning to a burial, is "The Faoilleach, or three first days of February, in the street, and warns me to conclude." Ayrs. Le- serve many poetical purposes in the highlands. They gatees, p. 26. are said to have been borrowed for some purpose by February from January, who was bribed by February BORROWSTOUN, adj. Of or belonging to a with three young sheep. ' ' S. These three days, by highland reckoning, occur borough, between the llth and 15th of February : and it is ac- "According to the order in the act of Parliament, counted a most favourable prognostic for the ensuing in the year 1593, borrowstoun kirks being alwayes ex- year, that they should be as stormy as possible. If cepted." Acts Cha. I. Ed. 1814, VI. 142. they should be fair, then there is no more good weather Hence the title of that fine old poem, "The Bor- be to expected through the spring. Hence the Faoil- rowstoun Mous, and the Landwart Mous." Evergr. teach is used to signify the very ultimatum of bad i. 144. weather." Grant's Superstitions of the Highlanders, ii. 217. BOS, Boss, Bois, adj. 1. Hollow, S. An observation has been thrown on this out, article, Ane grundyn dart let he glyde, in a Review of the DICTIONARY in the Literary And persit the hois, hill at the brade syde. for Panorama Dec. 1808, which deserves to be men- Dmig. Virgil, 15. 34.

tioned because of the which it discovers : ingenuity Thare targis bow thay of the h'chtsauch tre, this "Has any relation," it is enquired, "to the And bos buckleris couerit with corbulye. ancient story of the supplementary Jive days at the Ibid. 230. 23. end of the year, after the length of the year had been "A boss sound," that which is emitted by a body determined by astronomical observations to be 365 that is hollow, S. days, instead of 360 ? Those days were not included in any of the months, lest they should introduce dis- 2. Empty. A shell without a kernel, is said order them but after a revolution of the among ; to be boss. The word is also used to denote whole. The Egyptians had a fable on this subject, the state of the stomach when it is importing that Thoth, their Mercury, won these five empty, from the a cast of dice but or after days Moon, by ; some, from long abstinence, S. the character of the them winner, thought rather bor- Gin Hawkie shou'd her milk but rowed loss (stolen) than honestly come by." Col. 43. Wi' or dross eating poison'd blades, ; It is a with our certainly singular coincidence, that, Or shou'd her paunch for want grow boss, forefathers, the year terminated near the end of March. Or lake o' cheer, The change took place A. 1599. A witch, the guide-wife says, right cross, "The next year," says Spotswood, "by publick Or deil's been here. Morismi's ordinance was appointed to have the beginning at the Poems, p. 38. calends of January, and from thenceforth so to con- 3. In the same it is tinue; for before that time, the year with us was sense, metaph. applied to reckoned from the 25 of March." Hist. 456. the mind as a or p. ; denoting weak ignorant It is well known, that the ancient Saxons and Danes " One is said to be nae boss reckoned by Lunar years, which reduced the number person. man," who has a considerable of days to 360. Worm. Fast. Dan. Lib. i. c. 11. But share of understand- I have met with no historical evidence of their adding ing, S. B. the at the end of intercalary days the year ; or of this He said, he gloom'd, and shook his thick boss head. being done in our own country. It must be acknow- Hamsay's Poems, i. 285. ledged, however, that the strange idea of March bor- rowing a certain number of from the month suc- days 4. Applied to a person who is emaciated ceeding, might seem to afford a presumption that some- by some internal disease. Of such a it is thing of this kind had been done, although beyond the one of " age history. Were other circumstances satisfactory, often said, He's a' boss within," S. BOS [256] EOT

5. Used to denote a large window forming a Elsewhere, however, it signifies such as are made of leather : recess, or of a semicircular form re- perhaps TUB bosses lies leathering he bought ; that which is no.w called a bow- will sembling not albeit fall ; Tlmy" brek, they Tliir of trie vs window. " strapis destroyis all, They brek so inony, I may noclit byde it." "So he began, saying to the whole lordig of Parlia- Legend Bp. St. Androis, Poems 1

the ane that the ane bote, or profane the Sabbath, and synt bittan leahtre, and are partie gettis better, giuis vo. without blame?" Matt. xii. 5. Even where rendered compensation to the vther." Skene, Verb. Sign. ' ' that Bote. besides, it has properly the same meaning. They had eaten were about five thousand men, butan wifum or " assithment for and cildum, besides women and children;" Matt. xiv. KIN-BOTE, compensation and children out, 21. i.e. women being excepted, left the slaughter of a kinsman ;" Skene, Verb. or not included in the numeration. Sign. BOTAND, BUT-AND, prep. Besides. A.-S. cyn, cognatio, and bote. owre Give your house, ye lady fair, the fixed the Give owre your house to me, MAN-BOT, compensation by law, I sail brenn of Or yoursel therein, for killing a man, according to the rank Sot and babies three. your the Ibid. Edom o' Gordon, Percy's Reliqves, \. 88. person. I have into the castle-law A.-S. man-bot, id. This word occurs in the laws of A meir but and a fillie. Ina, who began to reign A. 712. c. 69. In c. 75. it is Watson's Coll. i. 59. enacted, that he who shall kill any one who is a god- Adieu, madame, my mother dear, father, or a godson, shall pay as much to the kindred sisters three ! But and my of the deceased, SUM ilce swa seo manbot deth the. thaem Border, i. 222. Minstrelsy hlaford sceal; as is necessary for compensating in slaughter to a lord. In Su.-G. this is called mansbot, BOTAND, adv. 1. But if, except; MS. which is mentioned by Ihre as equivalent to Wereld. two words. V. VEBOELT. Bot quhar God helpys quhat may withstand ? Bat and we say the suthfastnes, THEIFT-BOTE, compensation made to the king Thai war sum erar then les. tyme may for theft. Barbour, i. 457. " The Wergelt, or Theiftbote of ane theife, is threttie 2. besides. Moreover, kye." Reg. Maj. Index. V. 1. Stat. Rob. I. c. 8.

Scho sail thairfor be calt Madame ; Botand the laird maid Knycht. BOTHE, BOOTH, BUITH, s. A shop made is thair Grit, grit grace, of boards either fixed, or S. Howbeit thair rents be slicht. ; portable, vnlele Maitland Poems, p. 188. Lordis are left landles be lawis, Burges bryngis hame the bathe to breid in the balkis. In the latter sense, it is from A.-S. butan, praeter. Doug. Virgil, 238. b. 41. their wooden and BOTANO, s. A piece of linen dyed blue. i.e. They bring home shops, lay them on the cross-beams of the roofs of their houses, "Botanos or peeces of linnin litted blew, the peece up as if could them profit there. It is spoken iii. 1." Kates, A. 1611. they bring in allusion to hens on ironically ; perhaps hatching "Botanoes or blew lining." Rates, A. 1670. spars laid across the baulks. Doug, also uses buith, Fr. boutant, etoffe qui se fait a Montpelier. Panni b. 11. Diet. Trev. 238., species. Hence the Luckenbootlis of Edinburgh, wooden shops, as not to be carried made for locked BOTCARD, s. A sort of artillery used in away, being up. V. LUCKEN. S. in the of Ja. V. reign This has been traced to Gael, bit,, id. But it seems "The King gart send to the Castle of Dunbar to to have a closer connexion with Teut. boede, bode, to borrow some and re- taberna mer- Captain Monce, artillery, domuncula, casa, Kilian ; Su.-G. bod, ceived the in manner as after follows : That is Isl. a wooden house. same, catorum, apotheca ; bud, taberna, to say, Two great canons thrown-mouthed, Mow and Hann song messu urn dagin epter a giabakka upp fra her Marrow, with two great Botcards, and two Moyans, bud Vestfirdinga; He sung mass, next day, on the and Four with booth, of two Double Falcons, Quarter Falcons, edge of the chasm above the Westfirding ; their and bullets, and for to use them 89. L. B. boda, botha. Ihre seems to powder gunners" Kristnisaga, p. conform to the King's pleasure. Pitscottie, p. 143. think that the Su.-G. word is allied to Moes-G. bind, V. MOYAN. A.-S. bead, a table, because the ancients exposed their The same instruments seem to be afterwards called wares on benches or tables. and six cul- battars. "Of artillery canons, great The origin of Su.-G. bod, mansip; taberna, tugu- verings, six battars, six double-falcons, and thirty rium, is undoubtedly bo or bua, primarily to prepare, Ibid. 173. to build in a to inhabit. There can field-pieces." p. ; secondary sense, This seems to be what the Fr. call bastarde, "a be as little doubt that bod and both, buith, bothie, are or demie culverin a smaller of and in the demie cannon, ; piece radically the same word. In Mod. Sax., a use of the which more any kind," Cotgr. ; evidently by metaph. language of Nassau and Hesse, boeye, a one is with term signifying spurious, q. spurious culverin, nearly resembles the v., synon. boede, bode, that is not of the full size. signifying tugurium, domuncula.

s. 1. E. BOTE, BUTE, Help, advantage; boot, BOTHIE, BOOTHIE, s. 1. A cottage, often used Doug. to denote a place where labouring servants

2. satisfaction Acts Parl. are ; S. Compensation, ; pass. lodged " to enter a miserable bothie or A.-S. bate, id. from bet-an, emendare, restaurare ; Happening cottage, I to ob- Belg. boete, a fine, a penalty, boet-en, to make amends, about two miles from Lerwick, was surprised Su. -G. to serve an earthen-ware of small dimensions, to satisfy ; bot, compensatio, bot-a, make tea-pot, satisfaction. This word is variously combined. simmering on a peat-fire." Neill's Tour, p. 91. of a who "Bate, ane auld Saxon worde, signifies compen- "Repeatedly have I had the sight Gael, : in to his into the of Meu- sation, or satisfaction ; as man-bate, thief-bote And seemed plunge weapon body scarlet laced all excambion, or cossing of landes or geare moveable, teith, of that young nobleman in the DOT [257] BOU

who has now left the Montr. * cloak, just bothy." Leg. BOTTOM, . The breech, the seat in the Tales, 3ser. iv. 201. human body, S. I have not observed that Su.-G. bod, a house, a cottage ; Gael, bothag, bot/ian, is a cot. C. 15. bytluxl ; Arm. bot/iu ; Ir. both, a cottage, it used in this sense in E. V. BODDUM.

a booth ; Fr. boutiijite. V. BOTHE. BOTTOM-ROOM, s. The name vulgarly 2. It sometimes denotes a wooden hut. given to the space occupied by one sitter in Fare thee well, my native cot, a church, S. When one's right to a single Bothy of tbe birktn tree ! " Sair the and hard the seat is it is said that one has a heart, lot, expressed ; 0" the lad that wi' thee. parts bottom-room in this or that Jacobite Relics, ii. 189. pew." "We were to be paid eighteen-pence a bottom- s. to E. and BOTHIE-MAN, Equivalent hind, room per annum, by the proprietors of the pews." The borrowed from the circumstance of hinds Provost, p. 124. Perths. inhabiting bothies, BOTTREL, adj. Thick and dwarfish, Aberd. To v. a. To teaze one BOTIIEK, BATHER, BOTTREL, . A thickset dwarfish person, ibid. on the same or con- by dwelling subject, by Fr. boiiterotte, the chape of a scabbard, the tip that the end of it. Isl. - tinued solicitation, S. strengthens but-r, truncus, but-a, truncare. This has been viewed, as perhaps the same with E. Pother. s. rod of baton BOTWAND, [A power ; ] To BOTHER, v. n. To make many words. Throw England theive, and tak thee to thy fute, And bound to half with thee a fals botwand ; The auld about the guidmen, grace. Ane thou call thee at the Mute, Frae side to side Hprsemanshell they bother. And with that craft convoy thee throw the land. iii. 38. Burns, Kennedy, Evergreen, ii. 72. st. 29. This denote a rod of such as and BOTHER, s. The act of rallying, or teazing, may power, officers, especially marshals, used to carry ; from Germ, bot, by dwelling on the same subject, S. power, and wand, a rod ; especially as horsemanshell seems to signify a marshal. Or, bohoand be the . 1. A in which may BOTHNE, BOTHENE, park of rod a messenger, from A.-S. Su.-G. bod, a message ; cattle are fed in and inclosed. Skene vo. A.-S. bod-ian, Su.-G. bod-a, nuntiare. In ancient times, the Gothic nations, when 2. among A barony, lordship, or sheriffdom. the men to bear arms were summoned to at- " capable It is statute and ordained, that the King's Mute, tend their general, a messenger was sent, who with the that is, the King's court of ilk Bothene, that is of ilk greatest expedition was to carry a rod through a cer- schireffedome, salbe halden within fourtie daies." tain district, and to deliver it in another ; and so on, Assis. Reg. Dav. Ibid. till all quarters of the country were warned. This rod L. B. bothena is used in the latter sense, baronia, had certain marks cut on it, which were often unknown to the to the aut territorium, Wachter ; Arm. bot, tractus terrae ; messenger, but intelligible principal per- Du Cange, vo. Botaria. sons to whom he was sent. These marks indicated the time and place of meeting. The rod was burnt at s. Gl. Sibb. Fr. affixed to as BOTINYS, pi. Buskins; the one end, and had a rope the other ; the fate of those who should the botine, cothurnus. V. BOITING. intimating disobey summons, that their houses should be burnt, and that BOTION, s. Botching, Dumfr. they should themselves be hanged. This was called, Su.-G. from a and Now, mind the motion, budknfte, bud, message, kafle, [S. a rod. And dinua, this time, make a botion. cavel] The or sent round Mayne'a Siller Gun, p. 20. crowlara, fire-cross, anciently through the Highlands, was a signal of the same kind, BOTTLE-NOSE, s. A species of whale, S. BOUGHT, BOUGHT, a. A curvature or Orkn. " bending of any kind, S. The bought of "A species of whales, called Bottlenoses, have some- the the of the arm at the times run a-ground during the tide of ebb, been taken, arm," bending and oil extracted from them." P. Row, Dumbarton^. elbow. Statist. Ace. iv. 406. " "I took her by the bought o' the gardy, an' gard The Beaked Whale (nebbe-haal, Pontopp. Norway) her sit down me." Journal from London, p. 8. which is here known the name of by [Leg. nebbe-hual] by " of Beiglit the elbow ; bending of the elbow. Chesh. the is a that is often thrown ashore Bottlfnose, species A substantive from the tense of as in preterperfect Bend, considerable numbers." Barry's Orkn. p. 298. Bought, of the like signification from Bow." It is sometimes called Bottle-head in E. The Nor- Ray. A. Bor. id. as well as the name the form of ite wegian, S., respects "The of a that of the blanket nose. bought blanket," part where it is doubled. Where the sea forms a sort of In Sw. it is denominated btUskopf; a name also re- bay, it is said to have a bought, S. to the form of its ferring head, perhaps q. blunt-head, A.-S. bogeht, arcuatus, crooked ; bog, a bough ; fromhttt, blunt, rough, and kopf head. V. Cepede, 319. bug-an, Teut. bieg-en, to bend. Germ, bug, sinus ; To BOTTLE or BATTLE STRAE, to make biicht, curvatura littm-is, Waehter. Isl. bugd, Su.-G. bugt, id. from boi-a, Isl. bug-a, to bend. straw in small or windlins, S. up parcels, O. E. bought of the arme, [Fr.] "le ply de brag;" Although the . is used in E., the v. does not occur, Palsgr. B. iii. F. 21. as far as I have observed. Battle is the pron. of Loth. Many ancient words are retained as sea-terms, which Fr. botel-er, to make into bundles. have been lost on land. Every one must perceive the I 2 BOU [258] BOU

near affinity between Sucht and E. bight, as denoting Gael, buchd, like the Teut. word, signifies a sheep- turn or of a cable, or rope that lies com- fold. "any " part it Mr. mentions a which passing ; Phillips. Skinner properly derives from Hogg curious superstition, A.-S. byg-an, to bend. The correspondent term in Sw. prevails in Ettrick Forest, with respect to the Bught: " " this the are the is bugt, "fack of a rope or cable ; Wideg. Now During season that the ewes milked, is the E. wm&fack, or fake, in like manner claims identity bughl door always carefully shut at even ; and with S. Faik, a fold, q. v. For E. fake orfack is expl. reason they assign for this is, that when it is negli- by Phillips "one circle or roll of a cable or rope gently left open, the witches and fairies never miss the quoiled up round." opportunity of dancing in it all the night. I was once Boucht, as denoting a bay, exactly agrees with the present when an old shoe was found in the bught that with Su.-G. none of them would and and Norwegian use of the term ; also bugt, claim, they gravely curvatura littoris. rationally concluded that one of the witches had lost "Fiorte signifies a bay, bucht, a creek." Crantz's it, while dancing in the night." Mountain Bard, N. Hist, of Greenland, i. 6. p. 27, 28. In the same sense E. bight is used by seamen : 3. A seat in a a S. "To have put about with the wind, as it then was, square church, table-seat, would have us for the for the main id. embayed night ; Bucht-seat, Aberd. body of the island seemed to form with the peak we had left and the we were now a astern, position in, BOUGHT CURD, the droppings of the sheep, sort of big/it." M'Leod's Voyage to China, p. 64. which frequently fall into the milk-pail, but To v. a. To fold BOUGHT, BOUGHT, down, are soon sans ceremonie taken out by the S. fair hands of the ewe-milkers. This in a Isl. bukt-a, Teut. buck-en, flectere, curvare. great measure accounts for the greenish cast BOUCHTING-BLANKET, s. A small blanket, assumed by some of the cheeses ; Koxb. spread across a feather-bed, the ends being in under the bed at both sides so To v. a. 1. To inclose pushed ; BOUGHT, BOUGHT, as its too as in a S. formed from the . to prevent spreading out much, fold, ; Some beasts at hame was wark for well as to secure the occupier against the enough me, Wi' I could mither dullness of the or ony help my gee, tick, any dampness At milking beasts, and steering of the ream, And in the when came hame. which the feathers may have contracted, S. bouchting ewes, they 31. r Ross's Uelenore, p. Edin . Binding-Blanket, ewes while This properly denotes the inclosing of BOUGHT, BOUGHT, BUCHT, BUGHT, s. 1. they are milked. more a small "In a MS. account of Selkirkshire, by Mr. John A sheepfold ; strictly pen, dated 1722, in the Advocate's he adds in the corner of the Hodge, Library, usually put up fold, a circumstance which has now become antiquated : ' into which it was customary to drive the That there was then to be seen at Tait's Cross, botighted, were to be milked also and milked, upwards of twelve thousand ewes, in the ewes, when they ; month of June, about eight o'clock at night, at one called S. ewe-bucht, view.'" Chalmers' Caledonia, ii. 973. N. We se watchand the full schepefald, 2. To inclose means of a or for The wyld wolf ouerset wyth schouris cald, by fence, and at of the Wyth wynd rane, myddis uicht, shelter, Renfr. About the boucht plet al of wandis ticht, The mavis, down thy bug/tied glade, Brais and gyrnis : tharin blatand the lammys Gars echo frae tree. Full souerlie liggis vnder the dammys. ring ev'ry Tannahill's 159. Doug. Virgil, 275. 54. Caula, Virg. Poems, p. The term occurs in its compound form, in that beauti- BOUCHTING-TIME, BOUGHTING-TIME, S. That ful old song : time, in the evening, when the ewes are Will ye go to the ew-bughts, Marion, And wear in the sheep wi' me ? milked, S. Herd's Collection, i. 213. O were I but a shepherd swain ! To feed flock beside 2. A house in which sheep are inclosed, my thee, At boughting titne to leave the plain, Lanarks.; an improper sense. In milking to abide thee. " Katharine Herd's Coll. i. 246. These sheep were constantly penned at night in a Ogie, house called the Bught, which had slits in the walls to s. A knot one that admit the air, and was shut in with a hurdle door. P. BOUCHT-KNOT, running ; Hamilton, Statist. Aec. ii. 184. can easily be loosed, in consequence of the Rudd. derives it from Fr. obturare. But boucher, cord being doubled, S. the word is Teut. Bocht, bucht, septum, septa, inter- sepimentum clausum ; Kilian. As bought de- septum, To BOUFF, v. a. To beat, Fife. V. Boor. notes a fold of any kind, it is most probable, that as This seem to be a of v. a. used to signify a sheepfold, it is originally from Teut. would merely variety Bujf, bog-en, buyg-en, flectere, in the same manner as fold, q. v. the synon. E. term, S. fold, from A.-S. fold-am; not To BOWF, v. n. 1. To bark, Loth., because the sheep are inclosed in it,' q. illud quo errati- BOUFF, in Aberd. to the hollow sound cum pecus involvitur, Skinner ; but from the way ; applied solely which folds for sheep were formed, by bending boughs a Fife made by large dog, ; synon. Wouff and twigs of trees, so as to form a wattling. Hence and This is to Doug, seems to call it Youff. opposed Yaffing. denotes the of a small the boucht plet al of wandis ticht. which barking dog. nor [259] BOU

I frae the line As was tytin lazy hill, Dan. '<";/', a winding ; the being denominated lt ""' w '' n weeack Sninething ff "is dire, from its forming a coil, or being wound up. Isl. biiyd, lire (iaed an' vanish't like a ; flaughtin nil', curvatura, from buy-a, flectere, to beud. V. BOCCIIT, My collie liuujfl, an' rear't his curlin birse. a curvature. Tarras'i J'uaiu, p. 115.

. A a dimin. BUGHTIE, ; 2. To cough loud, Aberd. It is often con- BOUGHTIE, twig from E. joined with the v. to Host. bough, Ayrs. Frae ilk boughtie might been seen ibid. l!oi IT, BOWF, s. 1 . The act of barking, The early linnets cheepan Their sang that day. 2. A loud cough, Aberd. 1'icken'a Poems, 1788, p. 122. Btyhtie, Ed. 1813. Teut. Dan. bicff-fr, to yelp, bark, whine ; btff-tn, . A made of lal. BOUGIE, bag sheep-skin, latrare ; Germ, belff-en ; Lat. baub-are ; bofs-a, cannm singultire, bofa, singultus canum, Dan. biatf; Shetl. Halilorson. The radical term seems to be Moes-G. holy; Su.-G. To these we add 0. Fr. Ital. abbaiare, may abbay-er; '""';/, utur, as properly denoting the skin of an animal. id. whence E. to ; bay. Lat. bulij-a is obviously a cognate. BOUGARS, s. pi. Cross spars, forming part BOUGUIE, s. A posie, a nosegay, Ayrs. of the roof of a cottage, used instead of Fr. bouquet, id. laths, on which wattling or twigs are placed, and above these, divots, and then the straw BOUK, Bum, . 1. The trunk of the body, or thatch, S. as distinguished from the head or extremity, With bougars of barnis thay beft blew cappis, S. Quhill thay of bernis made briggis. A bonk of tauch, all the tallow taken out of an ox or Chr. Kirk, st. 14. cow, S. Germ, bauch von talye, id. Callender derives this word from A.-S. -an to buy A bouk-louse is one that has been bred about the >ii-iiil. But it seems to be the same with Lincolns. body, as distinguished from one that claims a more butkar, a beam, which Skinner deduces from Dan. noble origin, as being bred in the head, S. bielcker, beams ; Dan. Sw. biaelke, a beam. From pi. This seems to be the primary signification from Teut. Su.-G. balk, trabs, the dimin. bialke is formed, denot- lii-iick, truncus corporis. In this sense it is used by This in Westro-Goth. is ing a small rafter, tigillum. Chaucer. written bolkur. The clotered blood, for any leche-craft Corrumpeth, and is in his bouke ylaft. BOUGAR-STAKES, s. pi. The lower part of Knightes T. v. 2748. cupples, or rafters, that were set on the ground in old houses, Teviotd. V. BOUGARS. 2. The whole body of man, or carcase of a To the etymon, it may be added, that Dan. twaeer beast, S. biaelker signifies rafters, properly transoms, or cross Ful raony cartage of thare oxin grete rafters. About the fyris war britnit and doun bet, Anil bustuous boukia of the birsit swine. s. of BOUGAK-STICKS, pi. Strong pieces wood Doug. Virgil, 367. 55. fixed to the couples, or rafters, of a house by Caricuje is rendered by Eudd. "a cart-ful, as much wooden Roxb. as a cart will hold." But I suspect that it should bo pins, ; the perhaps originally to the vulgar of car- same with carcage, according pronunciation Bougar-stakes. cote, which still prevails. Often in MSS. t cannot be distinguished from c. Thus bouk will be expletive of BOUGE, s. Bougis,pl. " carcage. ane bust for the ane Item, ypothecar. Item, Shame and sorrow on her snout, that suffers thee to suck ; A. 73. bouge," Inventories, 1542, p. Or that cares for cauld be her cast ; slip thy cradil, "Item, that was lyand in the round in the abbay, Or brings any bedding for thy blae bowlee ; and now brocht to the said lions, four Or louses of thy lingels sa lang as they may last. " register bougia 1'uhoart's Watson's iii. 15. ourgilt. Ibid. Flyting, Coll. Apparently denoting some kind of coffers or boxes, Ablins o'er honest for his trade, like Fr. from a or He racks his bontjttte, bovyt, budget, great pouch ; wits, he his 1m ik weel Teut. boegie, bulga. How may get clad, And fill his guts. BOUGER, s. A sea-fowl and bird of pas- Fergusson's Poems, ii. 45. of the size of a in St. sage pigeon, frequent 3. The body, as contradistinguished from the Kilda and the other Western Isles, where it soul. is called Coulterneb. Martin's St. Kilda, p. "The litle sponkes of that joy, and the feek'ng there- 62. of, liaue sik force in the children of God, that they their heartes out of their /mik<.-> as it were, and Shall we trace the to Isl. cary name buyr, curvatura ; as lifts them to the verie heauens." Bruce's Eleven the upper jaw is crooked at the point ? vp Serm. 1591. Sign. X. 2. b. s. The name to a " BOUGHT, given fishing- 4. Size, stature, S. bulk ; Boukth, bulk, the line. Shell. largenes of a thing ;" Gl. Lancash. "Each or as it is is about line, bought called, fifty The blades, accordin to their bouk, so that a boat in this case carries six thousand fathoms, He partit into bands. of fathoms lines." Edmonston's Zetl. Isl. i. 235. Rev. J. JficoCt Poems, ii. 3. BOU [200] BOU

As Fr. bu-er is synon. with E. buck, Huet views Lat. 5. The the part, S. greatest share, principal im-bii-o as the radical word. Linens being frequently what mischief ! He ciyes, What plots, beaten with a wooden mallet, in order to their being And still a kirkman at the nuike o't ! cleansed, the verb has been traced to Su.-G. bitck-a, old Colquhoun should bear the buick o't. Though beuck-en, Fr. bttqu-er, to beat or strike. But as C'leland's Poems, p. 78. Belg. it seems strictly to denote the lye itself, without re- not satisfied that this word, as used in the to think Although gard to the mode of application, I am inclined the I it under two last senses, is radically same, give that it has received its denomination from its being one head because it has been asserted that bulk, 0. E., as Su.-G. ; composed of animal excrement. Accordingly, denoted the trunk of the body. Rudd. and others linteas vestes lixivio byk-a (pronounced buk-a, ) signifies,- derive it A.-S. Dan. Teat, bauch, the from buce, bug, imbuere, byke, which Ihre gives as derived from the belly. verb, is defined, hominum colluvies, civitatis sentina. deduces Su.-G. bolk, bulk, from for it Ihre, however, This, indeed, is its metaph. sense ; literally sig- Gael, bodliaic the V. bol, grandis. signifies body. nifies, "the buck of clothes," Wideg. These words BOUKIT. may be allied to A.-S. buce, Isl. buk-ur, venter, alvus. of The is more in Teut. For buyck-m, 6. The whole of any bale or assortment affinity apparent lintea lixivio retains the precise form of buyck, S. purgare, goods,. Hence, venter : and as Germ, bauch denotes the belly, bauche is "a buke of clothes," synon. with beuche used in To BREAK to the goods for the BUIK, unpack Misnia, and byke in Brandenburg. Thus it seems of S. purpose of selling any portion them, " Accusit for brakyng of bouk within this havyne A. & laying certane geir on land." Abercl. Reg. 1545, of the of ; V. 19. form, expressive particular description lye Germ, E. "The merchandis, inbringaris of the saidis guidis bauch-lauge, buke-lye. nor aucht not to lose [unloose], brek bowke, dispone of clothes bucked mar- BOUCKING, s. The quantity thairvpoun quhill the same be first enterit, sene, S. kit, and deulie custumat be the custumaris apointit at one time, Ja. VI. Ed. 1814. 185. thairto." Acts 1598, p. "Barney, will ye hae time to help me to the water restraint the merchantis are "By this only pro- wi' a boucking o' claes?" Hogg's Brownie of Bod- of forraine commodities for hibite the importatioune ii. 161. Acts sbeck, breking bulk, and venting in this kingdome." Cha. I. Ed. 1814, vol. V. 277. To BOUK, v. n. To bulk, S. Hence,

made of cow's and 1 . BOUK, s. A lye dung BOUKIT, BOWKIT, part. pa. Large, bulky ; stale urine or soapy water, in which foul S. cleansed linen is steeped in order to its being -In hir bmakit bysyme, that hellis belth thris in ane swelth. or S. The linen is sometimes The large ffudis suppis whitened, Doug. Virgil, 82. 15. allowed to lie in this state for several days. 2. Having the appearance of being in a state To v. a. To or foul linen in BOUK, dip steep of pregnancy, S. of this to bouk claise, S. a lye description ; as, In this sense it occurs in an emphatical Proverb, which exhibits more real delicacy of sentiment than the coarseness of the language might seem to indicate : or uau uumi brides should have bor'd Maidens ;" Kelly, ana arms Dlancmng poultices ; mt "Bowked are to treat their webs in be observed that S. denotes a graithed, as housewives wont p. 73. It is to Maiden, the sense of the Prov. in bleaching." Glenfergus, iii. 84. bride's maid. Kelly gives : who are with child language abundantly plain "They S. The s." BOUKIN-WASHING, BOUKIT-WASHIN*, before they are married should be attended by w of the linen used in and muckle-boukit are used in a peculiar great annual purification Baukit the which a pregnant sense ; as denoting appearance a means of this lye, S. In family, by woman makes, after her shape begins to alter. "I have a dizen table-claiths in that press, therty the same sense she is said to bouk, S. Sw. buka tit, old that were never laid upon a table. They abdomen years propendere ; bukig, obesus, qui magnum : have nine o' ain are a' o' my mother's spinning I my habet. This use of the term, especially as confirmed saw the snn but at the bookin- makin forby, that never by the Northern idiom, affords a strong presump- of 143. contains the radical toashing." Cottagers Glenbumie, p. tion, that Su.-G. buk, venter, to St. blessed Well has been transferred "I will bring it out Anthony's sense of the s.; whence the word I'll Ailie used to some braw night just like this, and cry up to the trunk, to the whole body, and at length I will hae a &c. as de- Muschat, and she and grand bouking-ioash- denote size in general. Buk, Germ, bauch, bleach our claise in the beams of the been traced to ing, and bonny noting the belly, have generally bug-en, far to me than the sun." its form. Lady Moon, that's pleasanter flectere, arcuare, because of Heart M. Loth. ii. 117. 1. Small in This is obviously the same with E. buke, by Johns., LiTTLE-BOUKlT, part. adj. size, spelled buck. But the Scottish pronunciation exactly S. of the diminutive, puny, corresponds with that of book in E. None far as I have lexicographers, however, as observed, 2. Thin, meagre, S. take notice of the composition of this lye. Inatten- conse- tion to this circumstance has probably occasioned 3. Of little consideration, regard, or in the perplexity, which evidently appears tracing to Aberd. quence ; applied persons only, the etymon of the term. Nor have any of the com- thrown it ; in mentators on Shakespear any light upon MUCKLE-BOUKIT, part. adj. 1. Large allowed Falstaff to very quietly in his buck- having pass S. basket. size, BOU [261] BOU

Rudd. views this as an 2. Denoting the appearance which a pregnant adj., although it is doubtful. woman &c. Teut. bol, indeed, is used in a similar sense, tumidus, makes, Kilian. But as turgidus ; bay seems to retain ita proper boule be viewed as a BOUKSUM, 1. sense, may a., signifying a curva- BUKSUM, BouKY, adj. ture allied to ; Dan. boeyel, the bent or bemfing, from S. to Bulky, boey-er bend, to bow ; Teut. boyhtl, beuyhel, curva- Fan laggert wi" this bonksomf graith, tura semicircularis, from bogh-en, arcuare. Bay is thus You will haaf tyne your speed. perfectly synon. Teut. baeye, A.-S. byije, sinus, as Poems in the Jiuchan Dialect, p. 12. Skinner justly observes, are from byg-fn, bug-en, flectere. "And alss the said Andro had ane vther dowblet Were there any example of bay being used as a v., on him nor he veil commounlie, and wes mair buksum." boule might admit of this sense, as allied to Teut. Acts Ja. VI. 1600, Ed. 1814, p. 209. boghel-en, arcuare. " 2. Honourable, possessing magnitude in a BOULENA, a sea cheer, signifying, Hale moral sense. up the bowlings." Gl. Compl. " "Love is well where there is a warmness in Than ane of the to hail and ay it, marynalis began to and where Christ grows ay bulksomer in the bosom. cry, and al the marynalis ansuert of that samyn sound, They get a sight of this, that Christ is buksome in Boulena, boulena." Compl. S. p. 62. " heaven, therefore they see angels attending his grave. Perhaps the sense is more directly given in the ex- M. Brace's Lectures, p. 33. planation of Fr. baulin-er, obliquo vento navigare, Diet. Bouley may be originally the same with Su.-G. bukig, Trev. V. BOLYN. abdomen obesus, qui magnum habet ; Ihre. The S. *. semicircular of word is often applied to a pregnant woman. BOULENE, The part the sail which is presented to the wind." BOUKE, s. A solitude. Gl. Compl. Under the bowes thei bode, thes barnes so bolde, To byker at thes baraynes, in bouket so bare. "Than the master quhislit and cryit, Hail out the Sir Gawan and Sir Gal. i. 4. mane sail boulene." Compl. S. p. 62. This seems rather to have the same with A.-S. bwx, secessus, "a solitary and secret place," " signification Somner. E. bowline, a rope fastened to the middle part of the outside of a sail, Johns. Sw. boy-Una, id. from bog, BOUL, BOOL, BULK, s. 1. Any thing that fiexus, termino nautico, quaudo pedem faciunt, aut " flcctendo vela in varias is partes transferunt ; of a curved form ; as, the bool of the navigantes Hire. when it is the curvature arm," bent, i.e., ; BOULTELL *. Bridle-reins synon. bought, S. The word is pron. bool. RAINES, pi. of some kind. 2. The round holes in scissors in which the " BouUell raines, the peece 1 s." Rates, A. 1611. thumbs and are &c. V. BOOLS. from O. Fr. fingers put, Perhaps boulletie, combat, joute ; q. such reins as were used in tournaments. 3. A semicircular handle as that of ; a bucket, of a pot, &c. S. BOUN, BOUNE, BOWN, adj. Ready, prepared, o. JJoul o' a pint stoup, the handle of the tin ves- To this thai all assentyt ar, sel thus in denominated S., holding two And bad thair men all mak thaim yar For to be that chopins. boune, agayne day, " On the best wiss that euir thai may. To come to the hand like the boul o' apint-stoup is Barbour, xt 71. MS. The schippis ar grathand, to pas thay make tham bonne. Doug. Virgil, 110. 8. tipple The squire to find her shortly maks him bowrn. iii. 359. quary, * ' " Ross's 93. The Helenore, p. "Tl bool of a tea-kettle ;" "the boots of a pot. Bone is used in the same sense, O. E. Ane pair of pot bulls ;" Aberd. Reg. A. 1560, V. 24. Do & mak vow the ere Sarazins The bool of a key, the round annular part of the key, (light bone, schip alle, Tille Acres thei tham venom for our men lede. by means of which it is turned with the hand, S. rape, R. Brunne, p. 170. Teut. boghel, beughel, hemicyclus, semicirculus, cur- The redundant botin sometimes occurs : vatura semicircularis ; Kilian. phrase reddy Go warn his folk, and haist thaim off the toun, BOULDEN, part. pa. Swelled, inflated. V. To kepe him self I sail be reddy boun. BOLDIN. Wallace, vii. 258. MS. Rudd. views E. bound (I am bound for such a place) *. as the BOULE, A clear opening in the clouds, originally same. Here he is certainly right. But he derives it from and in a dark is A.-S. abunden, expeditus, rainy day ; which viewed as a this from bind-an, ligare. In Gl. Sibb. the following of fair are out : or prognostic weather, Angus. conjectures thrown "q. bowing, bending ; C. B. bolch, and bwlch, denote a break, a breach, a from Fr. bondir, to bound, to move quickly, or as per- gap. Perhaps Boule ought to be viewed as merely a haps allied to A.-S. fundan, adire." use The is Su.-G. to peculiar of BOAL, BOLE, as denoting a perforation. origin, however, bo, bo-a, prepare, to make Isl. id. Boen or 6om is the " ready ; bu-a, part, Eudd. aero BOULE, adj. Round," pa. Hm toad boin; the house was well prepared ; Ihre. It is from the same with a. v. Ane port thare is, quham the est fludis has origin Boden, In manere of ane bow maid boule or bay, The S. phrase, reddy boun, is very nearly allied to With rochis set forgane the streme full stay. Su.-G. redeboen, rightly prepared ; farboen, prepared Doug. Virgil, 86. 21. for a journey. BOU [262] BOU

In Isl. albuinn is used. Ok em et thessa al-buinn, the king wil be avisit & ger see the aid lawis of bon- Unde ad hoc S. 92. &c. Act. Dom. Cone. A. 24. paratissimus sum ; Gunulaug. p. dage," 1472, p. from al omnis, and buinn, paratus. It is evident This does not seem to signify a bond or obligation, is for which band is still used nor a because that our boun merely the old Gothic participle ; ; boundary, A.-S. if translated, the name of a person is added. From the reference to abunden, rightly expeditus, appears " as an insulated term, not allied to any other words in the "aid lawis of bondage, it might seem to regard some that language. There can be no reason to doubt that, bondman of the name of Tunnok. But how could of villanus territorial from this ancient part., the v. following has been the royal gift a convey right? formed. A.-S. bonda denotes paterfamilias, the head of a family; and bunda, villicus, one who resides in the country. To BOUN, BOWN, v. a. 1. To make ready, The gift, however, is spoken of as successive. We must therefore leave the of the term in a state to meaning prepare. of uncertainty. Wytt yhe thai war a full glaid cumpanye. thai thaim to ride Towart Lowdoun bmenyt ; To v. a. To limit, to set bound- And in a schaw, a litill thar besyde, BOUNDER, Thai lugyt thaim, for it was ner the nycht. aries to, Roxb. Wallace, iii. 67. MS. L. B. ban-are, bund-are, metas figere, 2. To go, to direct one's course to a certain To BOUNT, v. n. To spring, to bound. place. To fle syne on hie syne, Till his with falowis he went outyn baid, Out throw the cluddie air : And to thaim tald off all this gret mysfair. As bounting, vp mounting, To Laglane wood thai bownyt with outyn mar. Aboue the fields so fair. Wallace, vii. 262. MS. Burel's Pilg. Watson's Coll. ii. 40. But I may evermore conteen Fr. bond-ir, id. Into such state as I have been, It were good time to me to bowi BOUNTE', s. Worth, goodness. Of the gentrice that ye have done. The King Robert wyst he wes thair,- - Sir Egeir, v. 332. all his And assemblyt mengye ; This book has been either so written at stupidly He had feyle off full gret bountl, or is so that it is first, corrupted, scarcely intelligible. Bot thair i'ayis war may then thai. But the meaning seems tobe, "UnlessI could continue Barbour, ii. 228. MS. in the same state, it is time for me to from " go aioay Fr. bonte, id. such honour as you have done me. Doug, renders abrumpit, Virg., bownis ; most pro- BOUNTETH, BOUNTITH, s. 1. Something it for bably using bounds, springs. given as a reward for service or good offices. And with that word als tyte furth from the bra I leave to Claud in Hermistoun, Ilk barge bownis, cuttand hir cabil in tua. For his bounteth and warisoun, Virgil, 278. 27. My hide, with my braid bennisoun. A winde to wile him bare, Watson's Coll. i. 62. To a stede ther him was boun. Sir 75. V. WOCKE. is Tristrem, p. 2. It now generally signifies what given to in addition to their S. It BOUND, BUND, part. pa. Pregnant. servants, wages, must have denoted Ful priuely vnknaw of ony wicht originally something op- The woman mydlit with the God went bound. tional to the master. But bounteth is now Doug. Virgil, 231. 41. stipulated in the not less than Neuer Hecuba of Cisseus lynnage, engagement, bund with sche had the hire. S. B. it is called bounties. Quhilk chyld dremyt furth bring Aue of or hait brand licht glede fyre birnyng, Bag and baggage on her back, Was deliuer of syc flambis, but fale, Her fee and bmtntith in her lap. As thou eall here, and fyris conjugal!. jRamsay's Poems, ii. 307. Ibid. 217. 22. Praegnans, Virg. "A maid-servant's wages formerly were, for the I have observed no similar idiom in of the any cog- summer half year, 10s. with bounties, by which is nate A.-S. mid did beon to be languages. signifies, meant, an ell of linen, an apron, and a shirt : her wages with child. But this is not the surely part. pr. beond, for the winter half year were 5s. with the same boun- ens. It rather the seems part. pa. of bind-an, ligare. ties." P. Lethnot, Forfars. Statist. Ace. iv. 15. I am indebted to a distant ac- correspondent, whose Gael, bunntais seems merely a corr. of this word. quaintance with modern languages is far more exten- sive than mine, for supplying my defects on this article. BOUNTREE, s. Common elder. V. BOUR- He very justly says : TREE. "Does not Fr. enceinte possess the identical idiom? I am besides I have often heard the same ex- certain, BOUNTREE-BERRIES, s. pi. The fruit of the pression in perhaps vulgar German, Eine yabundene elder, from which wine is made, frau, a pregnant woman. But the common expression elderberry of to-day, enlbund-en, to deliver, accoucher ; entbunden S. A. to bed, makes the matter clear. Eine brought quite s. sometimes BOURE, A chamber ; tjebunden frau, une femme liee, q. liee a 1'enfant, ent- BOUR, such as ladies bunden being literally to unbind." a retired apartment, were wont to possess in ancient times. BOUNDE, . " pompns feyst and ioyus myrth oner all, Anent the of Holdmane in the water of Wyth fisching Resoundis tho baith palice, boure, and hall, at be the abbot & conuent of Tweyde Berwic, clamyt And al the chymmes ryall round about be resone of to thaim of a bounde callit Melros, gift Was fyllit with thare tryne and mekyll rout. William be lordis Tunok our souuerane progenituris ; Doug. Virgil, 472. 44. V. LOURE, v. BOU [263] BOU

As what we now call a bower, is generally made Near to some dwelling she \mgnn to draw, That was a' burrach'if alxmt of the branches of trees entwined, some more mo- round with trees. Moss's 66. dern writers seem to use hour, as if it conveyed the Helenore, p. same idea. There is indeed every reason to believe, To v. n. To crowd con- that bower, now used to denote an arbour, and de- BOURACH, together rived by Dr. Johnson from bouyh, a branch, is origi- fusedly, or in a mass; synon. Crowdle. it is nally the same word. Thus viewed by Somner ; A.-S. bur, bare, conclave, "an inner chamber, a par- BOURACH, BORRACH, a. A band put lour, a bower." Lye adopts the same idea, giving the round a cow's hinder legs at milking, S. further sense of tabernaculum, tugurium. Teut. otter, Gael, buarach. ill. Dan. buur, conclave, Su.-G. Isl. bur, habitaculum. Boor, Cumb. is still used to denote, "the bed- to have been a " parlour, Bonoch, q. v. appears misprint for chamber, or inner room ; Gl. Grose. None of these Borroh. words has any relation to boughs. The root is found in Su.-G. bu-a, to inhabit, whence Ihre derives bur. BOURBEE. a. The spotted Whistle fish, S. Hence also suefnbur, cubiculum, i.e. a sleeping apart- " Mustela vulgaris Roudeletii ; our fishers call it the ment. Verel. mentions Isl. which is ren- Jungfrubur, Bourbee." Sibbald's Fife, p. 121. tiliae dered gynaeceum, ubi olim familias habitabant ; the bour. literally, young lady's Hence bour-bourding, To BOURD, v. n. To jest, to mock, S. jesting in a chamber, Pink. lady's "Bourd not with Bawty, lest he bite you," S. Prov. is not This expl. by Kelly ; "Do jest too familiarly BOURACH, BOORICK, s. 1. An BOWKOCK, with your superiors, lest you provoke them to make little houses that enclosure; applied to the you a surlish return," p. 56. But it is used more as a caution too far in what- children build for play, especially those generally, against going soever with one, who retaliate us. made in the S. way, any may upon sand, like with " " They'll tempt young things you youdith flush'd, We'll never big sandy bowrocks together ; Ram- Syne mak ye a their jest when you're debauch'd. say's S. Prov. p. 75; "that is, we will never be cordial Be wary then, I say. and never gi'e or bourd with sic as he. or familiar together." Kelly, p. 356. It should be Encouragement, bouroch. Ramsay's Poems, ii. 175. The immediate origin is Fr. bourd-er, id. But this 2. A small knoll, as distinguished from a brae, seems to be merely an abbrev. of behourd-ir, bohord- Selkirks. er, to just together with lances. In old Fr. MSS. this is also written boord-er, V. Du Cange, vo. Bohordicum. The lies buried on Balderstone bill. money Ital. bagord-are ; L. B. buhurd-are. This a Beneath the mid bourack o" three times three. being species of mock-fighting very common in former times, Hogg's Mountain Bard, p. 21. the idea has been transferred to talking in jest or 3. A hut, mockery. shepherd's Galloway. Du Cange thinks that the Fr. word may be derived On the hill he top from Ilisp. bohordo or bojfordo, a larger kind of reed, Us'd oft to walk, and sighing take farewell which, he supposes, they anciently use in their O' a' the the braes. might bonny glens, shiny instead of or from rendered And neib'rin bouricks where he danc'd and justs, weapons, horde, by sang. Isidor. clava ; or from bourd, a jest ; or in fine, from Davidson's Seasons, p. 12. L. B. burdus, Fr. bourde, a rod or staff. Menestrier indeed that used hol- 4. A small heap of stones, Clydes. V. BORRA. says, they formerly low canes instead of lances ; and that for this reason 5. A confused heap of any kind, S. B. Such it was also called the cane game. Strutt informs us, that he finds no for the cane a of as is burdensome authority placing game quantity body-clothes at an earlier the period than twelfth century ; and to the is called wearer, a bourach of claise ; thinks that it probably originated from a tournament, Ang. at Messina in Sicily, between Richard I. of England and William de Barres, a knight of high rank in the "On the north side of the same hill, were, not long household of the French king. V. Sports and Pas- ago, the ruins of a small to have been village, supposed times, p. 100. the residence of the Druids. It consisted of 50 or 60 But bohord, behord, is more probably a Goth, word, mossy huts, from 6 to 12 feet square, hud- irregularly as being used by old Northern writers. Ihre explains dled it together ; hence got the name of the Bouraclis." it, Terminus hastiludii veterum, denotans munimentum P. Aberd. Statist. Ace. xvi. 482. Deer, 481, as imaginarium palis firmatum ; or, expressed by Schil- ter, Ein schanze mil Gl. 124. 6. A crowd, a ring, a circle, S. B. pallisaden, p. Ther war dyster, och bohord. A o' the common fouk rangel Ibi torneameiita erant et decursiones. In bourachs a' stood roun. Chron, Rhythm, p. 15. ap. Ihre. Poems in the Buchan Dialect, p. 1. Sidan wart ther skemtan ok behord, Ae the herrarna til bord. 7. A cluster, as of trees, S. gingo Postea lusus erant et torneamenta, My trees in bourachs, owr my ground Usquedum discubitum irent proceres. Shall feud ye frae ilk blast o' wind. Ibid. p. 67. Fergusson's Poems, ii. 32. A.-S. In 0. S. it would be : "There war and beorh, burg, an inclosure, a ; Su.-G. jamphing heap bonj. bourds Ihre ; ay quhill thae heris (lords) till the burd." thinks that the origin of this and its cognates, is gang to Schilter derives behord from O. Germ, harden, custodire. berg-a keep, or byrg-ia, to shut. This is originally the A. Bor. The v. was also used in 0. E. same with BRUGH, q. v. " l I bourde, or iape w one in sporte. Bourde nat with for he can no B. BURRACH'D, BOURACH'D, part. Inclosed, hym, abyde sporte." Palsgr. pa. iii. ibid. F. 170. Bourdyng, iestyng, [Fr.] ioncherie ; environed, S. B. F. 21. BOU [264] BOU

" s. 1. a S. Molochasgia, Drinacha, full of thornes and Bour- BOURD, BOURE, A jest, scoff, " " " tree, overcovered with the mines of old houses. De- A sooth bourd is nae bourd;" Prov. Spoken," as " scriptione of the Kingdome of Scotland. Kelly observes, when people reflect too satyrically on the real follies and of vices, miscarriages their BOURTREE-BUSH, s. A shrub of elders, S. 3. neighbours." p. ' ' We saw one hut with a peat-stack close to it, and Off that boure I was baid to behald. Myth ; and one or two elder, or, as we call them in Scotland, hour- Houlale, i. 7. V. the v. tree bushes, at the low gable-end." Lights and Shadows, 2. I find this term applied in one instance to a p. 178. serious and fatal rencounter. s. A small tube " BOURTREE, BOUNTRY-GUN, The earle of the lords Crawford, Gray, Ogilvie, employed as an offensive weapon by young and Glammes, taking pairt with the regent against the S. quein, assembled all the forces of Angus and Merns, to people, resist at " Auchindown, and to stop his passage Brechen. Bountry-guns are formed of the elder tree, the soft " The lords vnable to endure the verie first chase and being pith being taken out ; are charged with wet paper. of their fled with all their of enemies, apace companies ; Blackw. Mag. Aug. 1821, p. 35. whom ther wer slain above fourscor men, and divers of them taken. And this wes called the Bourd of BOUSCHE, s. The sheathing of a wheel. Brechen." Gordon's Hist. Earls of Sutherl. p. 167. V. BUSH. This to designation alludes the ancient tournaments ; but is evidently used ironically. Our ancestors seem BOUSHTY, s. Abed. Aberd. to have been fond of this sarcastic humour ; and from What wad I but for ae their habits, it may well be imagined that often it did gi'e look, Syn' round you baith my nives to crook, not indicate much sensibility. Thus when James of Or see you grace my botishty nook, Douglas, A. 1307, took his own castle in Douglasdale To had me cozy ! from the English, as the blood of the slain was mingled Shirrefs' Poems, p. 357. with meat, .malt, wine, &c. they called it the Douglas This is the same with Buisty, q. v. Lardner, or larder. Sir Lachlan MacLain having given his mother in to John Mackean, in order to marriage BOUSTER, s. A bolster, S. V. BOWSTAR. gain him to his party, finding that the bait was not sufficient to detach him from his own on the tribe, very BOUSTOUR, BOWSTOWRE, s. A military of the caused his chamber to be night" marriage, forced, used for walls. wher John Mackean wes taken from his bed, out of engine, anciently battering that the Wardane has duelt the arms of Macklain his mother, and maid prisoner, Qwhen thare, and of the land and eighteen of his men slain this same night. These Qwhil hym gud thowcht, Had a til his were (and are to this day) called in a proverb, Mack- wonnyn gret part hand, He tuk the way til Bothevyle, lain his nuptMls." Gordon ut sup. p. 191. And lay assegeand it a qwhile, And browcht a men BOURIE, s. A hole made in the earth by Gyne, callyd Bowslowre, For til assayle that stalwart towre. rabbits, or other animals that hide them- Wyntown, viii. 34. 23.

selves there ; E. a burrow. Lord when an account of the of Hailes, giving " siege " Bothwell castle, A. D. 1336, Fordun Southward frae this lyes an ile, callit Elian Hurte, says; observes, that the Scots owed much of their success to a with manurit land, guid to pasture and schielling of military which he calls Boustour. ii. 195. The store, with faire hunting of ottars out of their bouries." engine Annals, learned Annalist offers no as to the form of Monroe's lies, p. 39. conjecture this or the of the word. fur- From the same origin with BOURACH. engine, origin Nothing ther can be learned from Fordun. His words are ; Has BOURTREE, BORETREE, BOUNTREE, s. enim munitiones custos Scotiae obtinuit metu et vio- lentia, potissime cujusdam ingenii, sive machinae, quae Common elder, a tree; Sambucus nigra, vocabatur Boustour. Nam omnes ad quas ante per- Linn. ; A. Bor. Burtree. et terrain venerat, cepit, ad prostravit ; excepto castro "The Sambucus nigra, (elder tree, Eng.) is no cle Cupro, valida virtute dpmini Willelmi Bullok stranger in many places of the parish. Some of the defense. Scotichron. Lib. xiii. c. 39. trees are very well shaped, and by the natural bending Thus it appears that Sir Andrew Moray, the regent, of the branches cause an agreeable shade, or bower, had successfully employed the Boustour at other sieges, that of Bothwell and that it was exhibiting an example of the propriety of the name which preceded ; given to that species of plants in Scotland, namely, principally owing to the powerful effect of this engine, the Bower-tree." P. Killearn, Stirling, Statist. Ace. and the fear inspired by it, that he had taken the xvi. 110, 111. castles of Dunoter, Kynneff, Lawrieston, Kinclevin, "Sambucus nigra, Bourtree or Bore-tree. Scot. Falkland, St. Andrews, and Leuchars. For as the Aust." Lightfoot, p. 1131. language here used by Fordun is retrospective, when He is mistaken in confining this, as many other he a little before speaks of the siege of the castle of St. Scottish names, to the South of S. Andrews, he says, Castrum ejusdem tribus septimanis Skinner mentions bore-tree, sambuous, in his Bo- cum machinis potenter obsessit. Ibid. Our accurate tanical Diet., and conjectures, that it has received its Scots annalist has here fallen into a singular mistake. name from its being hollow within, and thence easily When speaking of these sieges, he entirely overlooks It that of Kinelevin and bored by thrusting out the pulp. has no similar Kinneff, substituting ; observing, name, as far as I have observed, in any of the Northern that "Moray made himself master of the castles of languages. A.-S. ellarn, Belg. vlier. Germ, holder, Dunoter, Lawrieston, and Kinclevin, and during the hollunilerbaum, Dan. Jiyld, Su.-G. hyll. V. BUSCH. winter harrassed the territories of Kincardine and This shrub was supposed to possess great virtue in Angus." Annals, ii. 193. Now, he does so at the very time that he Fordun as his warding off the force of charms and witchcraft. Hence quotes authority ; although it was customary to plant it round country-houses and Fordun says, Fortalicia de Dunnotor, Kynneff, et de barnyards. Lawrenston obsessit. BOt! [265] BOD

Lore! Hailcs makes this alteration in consequence of BOUT, s. 1. In mowing, the extent of a false idea he had assumed: formerly while the labourer moves In the account of the castles put into a state of ground mowed, the defence by Edward III., having mentioned Kinclevin, straightforward; rectangle included in he had 191. that this is called also said, p. N., Kynell' the length of field to be mowed, and the Fordun, in the place referred to, Kynejf by although of the S. sweep scythe, ; as, "That rake'll only is mentioned by him, B. xii. 38. The learned " tak in hale author, having adopted this groundless idea, when he your bout ; said ludicrously. afterwards describes the labours of Moray, pays no re- gard to the narrative given by Fordun. Otherwise he 2. Corn or hay, when cut by the scythe, and might have seen his own mistake. For in c. 39, " lying in rows, is said to be in the Fordun having said, that in the month of October, " lying bout Mearns. Moray besieged and took the castles of Dunoter, ; and Kyneff, Lawriestpn, adds, that during the whole winter, he sojourned in the forest of Plater, and other 3. The act of going once round in ploughing, places of greatest safety in Angus, where he was sub- o.B. jected to many snares, and dangerous assaults from the and thus that de- "When a field has so great a declivity, that it can- English ; by the continual not be in the some turn predations of both, the whole country of Cowrie, ploughed ordinary way, people the soil downhill, one furrow for of Angus, and of Mearns was nearly reduced to a constantly by taking every bout, as it is called, or two turns with the desert. It was only in his progress from Angus, where every Surv. Invern. 124. he had wintered, towards the western countries, that plough." Agr. p. Moray attacked Kinclevin. For Fordun immediately 4. As much or similar, as is subjoins : "In the month of February, the same year, thread, anything the Regent, having a little before destroyed wound on a while the clew is held in completely" clew, the castle of Kinclevin, entered into Fife. It needs one position, S. scarcely be observed, that this is said to have happened It seems doubtful whether we should understand the the same year with the capture of Kyneff, although the - one was in words in this sense : October, and the other about February fol- following" because then the in I xviij bowt'a of i.e. checkered lowing ; year began March. may wyrsat chakkyrit," add Kinclevin is worsted. Aberd. A. 1538, V. 16. that, whereas only a few miles north Reg. from Perth, Kyneff was a castle in Mearns or Kin- Fr. bout a term denoting extent, or the extremity of cardineshire, on the margin of the sea. Hence this any tiling. castle, as well as Dunoter and Laurieston, is justly To v. n. To to mentioned Buchanan the fortified in BOUT, BOWT, spring, leap. by among places '' Meanis. Hist. Lib. ix. c. 24. S. bouted up" Rudd. vo. upboltit. To return from this digression, to the word that has He tuik his speir, occasion for it given ; Su.-G. Byssa, bossa, signifies a As bryra as he had bene ane beir, mortar, an for bombs ; engine throwing Bombarda, And bowtit fordwart with ane bend, Ihre. But we are assured by him, that, although this And ran on to the rinkis end. term is now used only to denote smaller engines, for- Lyndsay's Syuyer Meldrum, 1592. B. 1. b. merly those huge machines, with which they battered E. bolt is used in the same sense, and this, indeed, walls, were called Byssor. Military engines of this is the of who often inserts the /. kind, he says, charged with stones instead of bullets, orthography Doug., But as it the true is the form were used in the time of Charles VIII. of Sweden, who bout, gives prou., proper of the for it word ; preserves that of other kindred came to the throne A. 1448. These larger engines, as terms in : Teut. to distinguished from such as be carried in the foreign languages bott-en, op-botttn, might rebound Ital. were called star (resihre ;) bott-are, Hisp. botar, repellere, hand, Storbi/ssor, from great ; and Fr. to drive forward Su.-G. because borne on or expulsare; bout-er, ; boet-tt, Kaerrdbysior, a cart, car ; as they to use means to avoid a stroke. were for the same reason denominated Carrobalistae by the Latin writers of the lower her ages. -Judge gin heart was sair ; Ihre derives Byssor, bossar, from bysaa, theca, a box, Out at her mow it just was like to bout, case Intil her at ither or ; because in these tubes, as in cases, bullets are lap every thaut. Ross's First lodged. In like manner Teut. bosse and busse, which Helenore, Edit. p. 17. properly denote a box, are used to signify a gun or cannon BOUT, s. A sudden jerk in or ; bombarda, tormentum aeneum sive ferreum, entering leaving tormentum balista an a entrance or catapulta igniaria, ignivomnm, ; apartment ; hasty departure; Germ, bmche, biKre, id. Fr. boiste, "a box, pix, or the act of one S. casket also a chamber for coming upon by surprise ; ; a piece of ordnance, Cotgr. We may either that this word has been suppose, BOUTCLAITH, s. Cloth of a thin texture. formed from Su.-G. bossa, with the insertion of the letter or t; immediately derived from S. buiot, a box "Twa stickis of quhite boutclaith." Inventories, A. or chest ; Fr. in boistf, used the same secondary sense 1578, p. 217. as the other terms mentioned the already ; with addi- "A nychte gowne of quhite boutclaith, pasmentit tion of the termination our or er. For what is a bous- with quhite silk. Ane auld gowne of blak boutclaith." tour but a buist large or chest used for military purposes? Ibid. p. 223. We ought perhaps to class with this the 1. tractable. following BOUSUM, BOWSOM, adj. Pliant, passage: Sum " gracious sweitnes in my breiat imprent, Item, ane litle pece of blak bowling claith." Ibid, Till mak the heirars bowsum ami attent. p. 128. Police of U

a bolting-cloth. Menage derives the Fr. v. from Lat. BOUZY, BOWSIE, Boozr, adj. 1 . Covered volut-are, others from Germ, beutel-n, to sift. with lloxb. The finer samplers on which young girls are taught bushes, wooded, stitching, are made of a fine worsted, and called book- In a cottage, poor and nameless, claith samplers. But whether the term be the same By a little bouzy linn, with that led a life sae given above ; or, if, as applied to samplers, Sandy blameless, Far frae strife or it be formed from book, as referring to the formation ony din. Mountain 154. of letters, like the horn-book in learning the alphabet, Hogg's Bard, p. I cannot pretend to say. 2. Having a bushy appearance, S. A. A cat came frae BOUTEFEU, s. An Fr. id. paukie the mill-ee, incendiary. Wi' a bonnie bowsie tailie. " If the Scottish commissioners proved bouttfeus in Remains of Nithsdale Song, p. 67. the business, as his majesty suspected them to be, The term properly conveys the idea of what is both have to answer to God for it." Mem. and they Guthry's unshapely rough ; being most commonly applied p. 113. to animals that are covered with hair or wool. A The Fr. term might seem formed from bout-er, to plump, strong-made child, however, is called a boozy push forward. But it has great appearance of having creature. a Goth, origin, Su.-G. bot-a signifying reparare, A.-S. 3. to bran- bf.t-an ; whence a word of similar formation with Branchy, spreading ; applied trees, a servant who has Boute-feu, Fyrbela, focarius, charge ches, &c. which have a spreading, umbrageous of stirring and mending the fire. head, Lanarks. A branch or tree that is BOUTGATE, s. LA circuitous road, a rich in foliage is said to have a boozy top, way which is not direct, S. from about, and Galloway.

gait way. 4. Big, swelling, distended, expanded, Loth. wha had Nory, aye Himself wi' he penches staw'd, dights his neb ; A mind the truth of Bydby's tale to try, And to the sun, in drowsy mood spreads out Made shift by bout gates to put aff the day, His boozy tail. Davidson's Seasons, p. 3. Till night sud fa' and then be fore'd to stay. Rosa's Helenore, p. 79. 5. Fat and overgrown, having at the same time 2. A circumvention, a deceitful course, S. a jolly good-humoured appearance, Mearns.

"These iniquities & wickednes of the heart of man This term may be merely a corr. of Bushy, or the are so deepe, that gif the Ethnick might say justlie, more ancient Bosky ; Sw. buskig, id. that the boutgates and deceites of the hearte of man It deserves to be remarked, however, that in the are infinite meikle mair ancient Goth, buss denotes that is ; how may we speake it, hau- properly which ing Jeremiah his warrand, who calleth it deepe and great. Hence the Icelanders call a gross woman, bussa, inscrutable aboue all things." Brace's Eleven Serm. G. Andr. p. 42. 1591. Sign. T. 2. a. V. GOLINYIB. Isl. Bussa, mulier carnosa, crassa. Su.-G. buss: a man of a similar appearance. Nos hodie en buss vo- 3. or an in dis- An ambiguity, equivocation, camus hominem validum, alacrem. "Buss," says Olaus course. Rudbeck, the younger, "properly signifies what is great ;" Thes. Linguar. quoted Ihre, vo. Buz. The "Navarrus teacheth, that a accused before a by person Isl. a it same term signifies large ship ; whence appears Judge, who proceedeth not (juridice) lawfullie, is not that the name of buss, now given to a boat used in the holden to confess the truth : but; may use aequivoca- herring fishing, originally had a more honourable ap- lion, mentallie reserving within him -selfe, some other plication. thing than his wordes doe sound : yea, eyther in answere, or oath, to his Judge or Superiour, that hee BOUZY-LIKE, adj. Having the appearance of may vse a boutgate of speach ( amphibologia ) whether or of size. through a diverse signification of th'e word, or through distension, largeness the diverse intention of the asker, and of ain that It is said of a pregnant woman, whose shape is con- maketh answere, and although it bee false, according siderably altered, that she is grown boozy-like. Loth. to the meaning of the asker." Bp. Forbes's Eubulus, p. 118, 119. s. boll a S. BOW, A ; dry measure, s. of coarse BOUTOCK, A square piece "This ile is weill inhabit, and will give yearly man- for one's ner twa hundred hows of beire with delving only." cloth, covering shoulders, Orkney ; Monroe's Isles, p. 43. The origin is obscure. pron. q. bootock, s. The Dan. bow, Su.-G. bog, denotes the shoulder of an BOW, BOLL, LINTBOW, globule animal, and Isl. toy, the coarser part of a fleece. Or which contains the seed of flax. Bow is the it may be diminutive from Teut. bulte, pelles nautieae, indormiunt or rather pron. S. quibus ; from Norw. boete, which signifies a lap or fragment of cloth. This term appears in one of the coarse passages which occur in the Flytings of our old Poets : s. Drink, Fr. BOUVRAGE, beverage; Out OWT the neck, athort his nitty now, beuvrage. Ilk louse lyes linkand like a large lintbow. Polwart, Watson's Col. iii. 23. 'It is pilfering from the revenue, & picking the Some statis are plagu'd with snakis and frogs, of the of pockets people any ready money they have, And other kingdoms with mad dogs, to for which the con- pay foreign bouvrage, supplants Some are hurt with flocks of crowes, sumption of the growth of our own estates." Culloden Devouring corn and their lint bowes. Papers, p. 184. Cleland's Poems, p. 95. BOW [2G7] BOW

" But what appears to contribute most to the red- picked up the word during his travels in Scotland. ness and rich taste of the Loehleven is the vast he : trout, Describing" Nottingham, says quantity of a small shell-fish, red in its colour, which In the very centre, or division of the pavement, abounds all over the bottom of the loch, especially there stands a Bow, (or a fair Port) opposite to Bridlc- among the aquatic weeds. It is of a shape quite smith-gate." Northern Memoirs, p. 238. Hence, globular, precisely of the appearance and size of a lint- s. An arched as distin- seed 'boll at a little distance, and the trouts when caught BOW-BRIO, bridge, have often their stomachs full of them." P. Kinross, guished from one formed of planks, or of Statist. Ace. vi. 166, 167. long stones laid across the water, Aberd. The term is most commonly used in pi. Germ, boll, id. oculus et caliculus gemma plautae, BOW, s. The curve or of a street, S. ex flos bending quo erumpit ; Wachter. Auelung says, that "At the or northern end of the West-Sow the round seed-vessels of flax are in Lower Saxony upper stands Haiti. Hist. called Bolltn. Here, as in many S. words, the double street, thepublick Weigh-house." Edin. 181. ' is changed into w. p. This street has been This word has been common to the Goths and Celts. undoubtedly named from its zig-zag form. The same reason, however, does not C. B. but, folliculi seminis lini ; Davies. appear for the designation Netherftoto, at the head of the it s. 1. The herd in Canongate ; unless has received its name BOW, BOWE, general ; from the Street here narrowed whether inclosed in a or not. High being suddenly ; fold, but I should rather think from the port or arch which Mare it nedeful now war, but langare tary, formerly stood here. If the last conjecture be well- Seuin that bare neuer young stottis, yoik nane, founded, the phrase Nettier-bow Port (Maitl. p. 140) Brocht from the bowe, in offerand brittin ilkane. must be tautological. Doug. Virgil, 163. 48. Orex, Virg. Oner al the boundis of Ausonia BOW, s. A large rude instrument made of a His to and ftvivjlokkis pasturit fra, rod of willow bent into the form of the letter Fiue bowis of ky unto his hame reparit, And with ane hundreth the land for plewis he arit. U ; formerly used an ox-collar, Aberd. Ibid. 226. 33. boei Belg. signifies a shackle ; and Teut. boyhel, illi balantum. Quinque gregea Virg. numella, a yoke or collar, from boghe a bow. All in dout squelis the young ky, sal maister of the s. As to a house. V. Quha be cattal all, BOW, applied Boo. Or quhilk of thame the bowis follow sail. Ibid. 437. 65. Amenta, Virg. " He bowaland the said wall on the si- 2. A fold for cows, S. gavill bayth dis aboun as it is vnder." Aberd. Reg. A. 1545, V. 19. Bet and he tak a flok or two, it to ? Making bulge ; Teut. buyl-en protuberare A bow of ky, and lat thame blude, Full falsly may he ryd or go. BOWALL, s. Apparently the same with Bcmnatyne Poems, p. 145. st. 4. BOAL. What Rudd. and others give as the only significa- " All that cumis in carried the kirk to tion, is here given as merely a secondary one, and that fyir [is into] be in the bowall in the 4c. Aberd. retained in our own time. The sense in which Doug, keepit wall," Reg. Cent. 16. uses the word in the passages quoted, is not only deter- mined the terms by employed by the Latin poet, but, if BOWAND, Crooked. any other proof be necessary, by the contrast stated, adj. in one of the passages, between flokkis and bowis. Apoim the postis also mony ane pare Of harnes and cart The origin is certainly Su.-G. 60, bu, which signifies hang, quheles greate plente, either the or the flock From inemyis war wonnyng in melle, herd, ; armenta, pecora, grex ; The bowaiul axis, helmes with hye crestis. whence boskap, id. from bo, cohabitare. It is probably Doug. 211. 32. from the same origin, that A. Bor. boose denotes "a Virgil, " cow's stall Gl. Yorks. This seems a Curvus, Virg. A.-S. btigend. ; plural noun. It be that may observed, Gael, bo a cow ; signifies BO s. A hand-lantern. V. BOWET. which is nearly allied to Su.-G. bo, bu. WAT, s. A a destitute s. 1. An arch, a S. BOWBARD, dastard, person BOW, gateway, of "And first in the Throte of the Sow war spirit. slayne, O Tuskane how David Kirk, and David Barbour, being at the Proveistis pepil, hapinnis this, sayd he, That ye sal euer sa dullit and bowbardis be, back." Knox's Hist. p. 82. " Vnwrokin sic iniuris to sulfir here ? The horsmen, and sum of those that sonld have Doug. Virgil, 391. 12. put ordour to utheris, overode thair pure brethrein, at Rudd. derives this "a Lat. bttbone, [the owl, which the entres of the Netherbow." Ibid. p. 190, i.e. the " lower arch. he designs] animalium ignavissimo. Junius considers it as akin to E. boobie and buffoon. It is perhaps allied 2. The arch of a bridge, S. to Germ, bub, which, according to Wachter, first signi- fied a boy, then a servant, and at length a worthless "The falline downe of the three bowis of the brig of fellow, : Teut. boeverjf, Tay be the greit wattir and of Lowis Vairk on the 20 nequam nequitia, boeveryachtigh, nequam, flagitiosus. Or, shall we rather view it as of Decembir in anno 1573." MS. quoted, Muses Thre- originally the same with bumbart ? nodie, p. 81, N. Teut. boyhe, id. Kilian arcus, concameratio, fornix, ; BOWBERT, adj. Lazy, inactive. from its boyh-en, flectere, by reason of form ; Su.-G. " - Of thame list swarmis out A.-S. thayr kynd bryng, bo-je, bog-a, an arch of a bridge or other build- Or in kames iucluse thare hony clene, ing ;" Somner. Or fra thare liyff togiddir in a rout It would seem that fcow was used in this formerly Expellis the bowbert best, the fenyt drone be. sense in E., unless we shall that suppose Franck had Doug. Virgil, 26. 36. BOW [268] BOW

BO W'D, BOW'T, part. adj. Crooked, S. BOWET, BOWAT, s. 1. A hand-lantern, Poor hav'rel Will fell aff the drift, S. Bowit, A. Bor. Gl. Grose. An' wander'd thro' the bow-kail, "Ye suld vse the law of God as ye wald vse ane An' pow't for want o' better shift, torche to house in a A runt was like a sow-tail, quhen ye gang hayme your myrk for as the torche or bowat schawis Sae bow't that night. nycht ; yow lycht to descerne to fra Burns, iii. 126. the rycht waie hayme your house, the wrang way, and also to descerne the clein way fra BOWDDUMYS, s. pi. Bottoms. the foule way : euin sa aucht ye to vse the law or command of as a bowat or lanterin." "For the third fait thair cawdrone bowddumys to be God, torche, Abp. Hamiltoun's Catechisme, 1551. Fol. 78. b. dungintout." Aberd. Reg. Cent. 16. "The bottoms This is to be retained in the of to be driven out of their cauldrons." word supposed name a place in Galloway : "It may be suggested, that the word Buittle is but BOWDEN, part. pa. Swollen. V. BOLDIN. a contraction of Bowel-hill, or Bowel-hall, an appella- tion, occasioned the beacons in the BO s. A broad shallow dish made of by neighbourhood WEN, of the castle it alluded to ; or the great light which for staves, holding milk, Perths. displayed on festive or solemn occasions." P. Buittle, To please you, mither, did I milk the kye, Statist. Ace. xvii. 114. from Fr. a little coffer if not allied To please you, mak the kebbuck, pour the whey, Perhaps bougette, ; To please you, scaud the bowens, ca' the kirn. to bougie, a small wax-candle. " ' DonaM and Flora, p. 37. V. BOIN, and BOWIE. Luk up, luk up, can yon be booits too?' and she From the pron. of Loth, and Perths. it should rather pointed to the starns in the firmament with a jocosity 264. be written bowyne. The leglin is properly the pail with that was just a kittling to hear." Steam Boat, p. one handle, which is used for the purpose of milking 2. transferred to the as the cows, and in which the milk is carried home. It Metaph. moon, sup- is afterwards emptied into a broad-bottomed vessel plying light to those who were engaged in which is called a bowyne. In Lanarks. also boin signi- nocturnal fies a milk vat. depredations. It was probably on account of the frequency, or the of the excursions of the Laird of BOWELHIVE, s. An inflammation of the success, predatory Macfarlane under the guidance of the queen of night to which children are S. bowels, subject, that the moon was called his bouat : According to some, it is owing to what medical men "The Highlander eyed the blue vault, but far call intersusceptio, or one part of the intestines being from blessing the useful light with Homer's or rather inverted others he muttered a Gaelic curse ; give a different account of it. Pope's benighted peasant, "The diseases that generally afflict the people of upon the unseasonable splendour of M'Farlane's bwat this country, are fevers, fluxes of the belly, and the (i. e. lanthorn. )" Waverley, ii. 229. rickets in children, which they call the Bowd-hyve." A learned friend suggests Fr. boete, written also Pennecuik's Tweeddale, p. 7. boette, boite, a small box, as the origin. It certainly has Pennecuik, although designed M.D., seems not to great verisimilitude. have understood this disease. a. The or a "The disease, called by mothers and nurses in Scot- BOWGER, puffin, coulter-neb, the is a bilious laud, bowel-hive, dangerous inflammatory bird ; alca arctica, Linn.

disorder ; and when not soon relieved, very frequently "The Bowger, so called by those in St. Kilda, fatal. It is on disorders of the proves brought by Coulter Neb by those on the Farn Islands, and in Corn- milk, by to cold, and living in low, cold, exposure" wall, Pipe, is of the size of a pigeon." Martin's St. damp situations. Curtis's Medical Observ. p. 187. Hilda, p. 34. It has been said that those afflicted with this disease have often a swelling in the side. Hence perhaps the BOWGLE, s. A wild ox, a buffalo. name. V. HIVE, v, And lat no bowgle with his busteous hornis The meik pluch-ox oppress, for all his pryd. s. S. E. BOWER, A bowmaker, ; bowyer, Dunbar, Thistle and Rose, st. 16. "And alss in behalf of the haill cowperis, glass- Lat. bucul-us, a ox. Hence bugle-horn. " " young inwrichtis, boweris, sklaitteris, &c. Acts Cha. I. Ed. Bewgle or bugle, a bull, Hants." Grose. 1814, V. 540. "His Majesty's Sower Alexander Hay wan this BOW-HOUGHS, s. pi. Crooked legs. arrow, July MDCLXVII." Poems, Royal Comp. of Aberd. Archers, &c. p. 61. BOW-HOUGH'D, adj. Bow-legged, ibid. BOWERIQUE, s. An improper orthography s. 1. A small barrel or cask, of Bourach or Bourick, q. v. BOWIE, open at one end S. Will ye big me a bowerique in simmer of snaw ? ; Remains of Nithsdaie Song, p. 119. Wi' butter'd bannocks now the girdle reeks : I' the far nook the bowie reams. a briskly BOWES AND BILLES, phrase used by the Fergusson's Poems, ii. 56. in former for His was never ill-boden English, times, giving an alarm pantry ; The was couthie an' clean in their or spence ay ; camp military quarters. The gantrjr was ay keepit loaden "The Inglische souldearis war all asleip, except the Wi' bomies o' nappie bedeen. Jamiesoris Ball. i. 298. watch, whiche was sklender, and yit the schout ryises, Popular Bowes and Billis ! Bowes and Billis ! whiche is a signi- 2. It denotes a small tub for S. ficatioun of extreim defence, to avoyd the present dan- washing, V. ger in all tounes of ware." Knox, p. 82. q. "To your "Ane stand, a bowy," &c. Aberd. Reg. A. 1538, bows and battle-axes !" 16. BOW [209] BOW

same or one it occurs ill In the sense, nearly allied, BOWIT AND SCHAFFIT, provided with the Coll. of A. 1542. " Inventories, bows and arrows. Item, tuelf grcit stolppis ourgilt, sum of the samyne smallar and sumgretar. Item, aught flacconis "Bot all vthir yemen of the realme betuixt xvj ourgilt Item, ane gryt bowie, ourgilt. Item, ane gryt & sexty yens galbe sufficiandly bowit & nchaffit, witli waiter i>ott. Item, ane gryt botcy. Item, ane lyd of suerde, buklare, & knyfe." Parl. Ja. I. A. 1425, p. 10. bon." P. 71, 72. In Ed. 1566, erroneously schaftU. The latter term is evidently formed from schafe, i. e. 3. It also sometimes signifies a milk-pail, S. a sheaf of arrows. To bear the milk bovne no pain was to me, To v. n. To to Roxb. When I at the blighting forgather'd with thee. BOWK, retch, puke, Ramsay's Poems, ii. 105. V. BOK, BOCK.

Sibb. deduces it from Teut. bauch, venter ; bugen, flectere in concavum vel convexum, vo. Pig. But BOW-KAIL, s. Cabbage, S. so called from whatever be the remote it seems to be imme- origin, the circular form of this plant. For the diately from Fr. buie, a water-pot or pitcher ; Cotgr. same reason its Belg. name is buys-kool. Du Cange mentions L. B. bauca, vasis species ; Or. Poor hav'rel Will fell aff the drift, An' wander'd thro' the bow-kail, 4. A bucket for carrying water, with an iron An' pow't, for want o' better shift, A runt was like a or wooden or semicircular sow-tail, bow, handle, Sae bow't that night. Perths. Burns, iii. 126. " Hence id. From the circumstance of its having this bow, it has Boto-stock, A bastard may be as good as a a time S. Prov. 21. been fancifully supposed that we are to trace its de- bow-stock, by ;" Kelly, p. nomination to this source. metaph. applied to one lawfully begotten. Of or to cab- BOWIEFU', s. 1. The fill of a small tub, S. BOW-KAIL, adj. belonging S. Clean dails, on whomilt tubs, alang bage, War plac'd by Robie Huton, Poor Willie, with his bow-kail runt, Thar o' fu' bowitfu's kail, strang, Was brunt wi' primsie Mallie. Burns, iii. 129. An' bannock-farles war put on. s. Bulk. Rev. J. Niml's Poems, i. 143. BOWKE, Hence,

2. The fill of a broad shallow dish To BREK to break to ; properly BOWKE, bulk; sell, one for holding milk, S. remove, or make use of, any part of a " ' &c. of V. BUIK. Davie brought me a hale bowiqfu' o' milk. Tak a package, goods. BOUK, gude waught, gudeman,' quo he, 'and dinna be dis- " To v. a. and n. To boil, the pron. of couraged.' Brownie of Bodsbeck, ii. 45. BOWL, ' ' ' ' ' Davie's Pate, said he, mak that bowiefu' o' cauld Fife, and perhaps of some other counties. plovers change places wi' yon saut-faut instantly.' s. a ibid. The new arrangement placed Dickie fairly above the BOWLER, A kettle, q. boiler, salt." Perils of i. Man, 30. This approaches to the sound of Fr. bouiU-ir, Hisp. " bull-ir, Goth, bull-a, id. BOWIK, s. The carcase of a beast. A bowik of the carcase of a BOWL of a Pint-Stoup. V. BOUL, s. mutton," sheep ; Aberd. Keg. Cent. 16. V. BOUK, BUIK. To BOWL, v. n. To crook, Dumfr. Rowland, Doug. Virg., is the part. pr. of this v. BOWIN. To talc a farm in a bowin, to take a Hooked, crooked. lease of a farm in grass, with the live BOWLAND, part. adj. Thir foullis has ane virgins vult and face, stock on it ; this still the remaining pro- With handis like to bowland birdis clews. of the or lets perty landholder, person who Doug. Virgil, 74. 62. it, Ayrs. Rudd. derives it from boule, a bowl. But it is more This naturally allied to Teut. boghel-en, arcuare, a v. formed might signify "in a state of preparation," as from bogh-en, Germ, bug-en, id. Bowland is just the referring to the land being under cultivation, and contr. Isl. part pr. boghelend, stocked ; buin paratus, whence our bourn, from bu- Teut. colere or from tt, apparare, bouwen, arare, agrum ; BOWLDER-STANE, s. The name given Su.-G. bo, bu, cattle, whence S. bowe, the herd, also a in fold for cattle. to the large single stones found the earth From the perfect identity of signification, boioin may by those who make roads, Perths. V. immediately refer to the legal term STEEL-BOW, q. v. BULLET-STANE. BOWIT, part. pa. BOWLED-LIKE, adj. Having the appearance That I think ill to panefull progres tell, of bowed or crooked, Selkirks. Sen thay ar oowit and bruderit in our band. being Edin. Poems 16th Cent. 289. "I wad hae cried, 'Get wi' ye ! ye bowled- Sege Castel, p. " away like shurf.' Hogg's Brownie, &c. ii. 226. "Secured, enlisted," Gl. It may signify, confined, Dan. boeyel crookedness, boyelig, flexible. straitened as A.-S. is ; bogeht rendered arctus j bogehte tooeg, arcta via, Mat. 7. 14. MS. It deformed ap. Lye. may, BO Crooked, ; be WLIE, BOOLIE, adj. however, a metaph. use of Teut. bowet, ghe-bowet, sometimes aedificatus built in Boolie-backit, humpbacked ; ap- ; q. or incorporated in the same band. plied to one whose shoulders are very round, S. BOW [270] BOX

Germ, id. from a bunch wile the bannocks for the buckly, Dan. bugelt, bugle, They weird ; A" or humph; and this from bug-en, to bend. V. BEUGLE- tramp their feckfu' jirkiu fu", BACKED. To sleek aneath the bowster. ' ' That duck was the first of the kind we had ever Tarras's Poems, p. 74. eeen and it of Aberd. 1538. ; many thought was the goose species, Bowster, Reg. only with short bmaly legs." Ann. of the Par. p. 131. BOWSTING, s. Apparently a pole to be BOWLIE, s. A designation given in derision used as a bow. V. STING. to one who is Dumfr. bow-legged, "Valit [i.e. picked] bowstingis, price of the scoir vi Ib. Scottis money." Aberd. Reg. A. 1551, V. 21. BOWLOCHS, s. pi. Ragweed, Senecio jacobaea, Wigtonshire. BOWSUNES, s. [Obedience.] Dr. And bowsunes, that as ye From Gael, buaghallan, id. Shaw ; bualan, Stew- wys Gayis, bettyre is than sacrifyis. art of Luss, ap. Lightfoot, p. 1132. Wynlown, Prol. i. 67. Als as scho wes borne BOWLS, s. pi. A name commonly given to nakyt Scho rade, as scho had beforne the of because with small heycht ; game taw, played And sa fulfillyt all byddyng and bowls made of marble, S.; hence also called And gat hyr wyll hyr yharnyng. Be resown of this bowsunes Marbles. Maid the Gud Quene cald scho wes. Ibid. viii. 6. 59. To BOWN, v. a. To make ready. V. BODN, Mr. Macpherson apprehends that in the first passage v. it signifies business, and that in the second it should be bousmnnes, as denoting obedience. But this is the true s. third estate ; the in in first it is to sacri- BOWRUGIE, Burgess meaning both ; as the opposed it in a Parliament or Convention. fice, refers to the language of Samuel to Saul ; "Be- hold, to obey is better than sacrifice." Fyve monethis thus Scotland stud in gud rest, Wyntown seems to write it from A.-S. A consell cryit, thaim thocht it wes the best, thus, propter euphoniam ; In Sanct Jhonstoun that it suld haldyn be, bocsumnesse. V. BOUSUM. Assemblit thar Clerk, Barown, and Bowrugie. " Wallace, viii. 4. MS. BOWT, s. Bowt of worsted," Aberd. Reg. A resemblance of the sound of Fr. bour- corrupted as much worsted as is wound upon a clew, geois. ourrugie is used collectively. while the clew is held in one position, S. BOWS, s. pi. The name commonly given in V. BOUT. former times, in S., to sugar-tongs. It is s. 1. A bolt, a in to be now BOWT, shaft; general. supposed obsolete, existing only *' A fool's bowt is soon shot." Ramsay's in the recollection of old people. S. Prov. p. 10. Denominated, most probably, from their bowing or And never a dairt bending quality. So pierced my heart As dois the bowt BOWS, s. pi. To take one throw the Bows, Quid I k luif me schot. to call one to a severe Aberd. reckoning, Ckron. S. P. i. 58. In allusion, perhaps to the punishment of the stocks; 2. A thunderbolt, S. Teut. boeye, compes, vinculum pedis. And for misluck, they just were on the height, when the bowt on them wad BOWS Lint. V. BOLL. Ay thinking light. of Bow, Ross's Helenore, p. 74. 3. An iron bar. BOW-SAW, s. A thin and very narrow saw, "Item ane uthir battirt at the hall mar- fixed in a frame, which is tightened by a lyand end, kit with the armes of montit on ane auld to the saw used for Scotland, cord keep from warping, axtre the said stok stok, quhelis, and ; with garnesit " cutting figured work. It has a semicircular over and nedder bandis of irne, and sex irne bowttis. Inventories, A. 1580, 300. handle, that the saw may bend freely, S. p. "Axes, eitch, drug-saw, bow-saw," &c. Depre- BOWTING CLAITH. V. BOUT-CLAITH. dations on the Clan Campbell, p. 52. V. DRUG-SAW. Teut. serrula arcuaria. boghe-saghe, To BOX, v. a. To wainscot, to pannel walls " with wood A' the rooms i' the house BOWSIE, adj. Crooked, S. Fr. bossu, id. ; as, are box'd" S. BOWSIE, s. A designation given in ridicule Denominated perhaps from the quadrangular form to one who is Dumfr. crooked, of the pamiels, as if they resembled a box, or from the idea of the walls being enclosed. BOWSIE, adj. Large, bushy. V. BOUZY. BOX-BED, s. 1. A bed, in which the want BOWSTAK, BOUSTER, BOWSTER s. The of roof, curtains, &c. is entirely supplied by bolster of a bed, S. wood. It is enclosed on all sides except in "Item twa stikkit mattis with ane bowstar, with front, where two are used as ane stikkit holland claith, and ane scheit of fustiane." sliding pannels S. Inventories, A. 1539, p. 46. doors,