IEE: India: Siwan-Siswan Road Subproject, Bihar State Highways II Project
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Initial Environmental Examination February 2012 IND: Bihar State Highways II Project SH-89: Siwan-Siswan Road Subproject Prepared by Bihar State Road Development Corporation Ltd. for the Asian Development Bank. ii ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BSRDCL – Bihar State Road Development Corporation Ltd. BSPCB – Bihar State Pollution Control Board CGM – Chief General Manager CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CRRI – Central Road Research Institute DoE – Department of Environment DFO – District Forest Officer DGM – Deputy General Manager DPR – Detailed Project Report EA – Executing Agency EFRC – environment friendly road construction EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environmental management plan EMoP – environmental management and monitoring plan EO – Environmental Officer GDP – gross domestic product GoB – Government of Bihar GoI – Government of India GRC – grievance redress mechanism IEE – initial environmental examination IMD – Indian Meteorological Department INR – Indian rupee IRC – Indian Road Congress MDR – major district roads MoEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests MoSRTandH – Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways MSL – mean sea level NGO – non-government organization NH – national highway NOx – oxides of nitrogen NSDP – net state domestic product PIU – Project Implementation Unit PPE – personal protective equipment PWD – Public Works Department R&R – resettlement and rehabilitation ROB – road over bridge ROW – right-of-way RCD – Road Construction Department RSPM – respirable suspended particulate matter RP – resettlement plan SC – Supervision Consultant SH – state highway SO2 – sulphur dioxide SPM – suspended particulate matter SPS – ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 SOI – Survey of India SPCB – State Pollution Control Board iii TA – technical assistance TOR – terms of reference UNDP – United Nations Development Program WEIGHTS AND MEASURES kg – kilogram km – kilometer m – meter m3 – cubic meter MT – metric ton NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. iv Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... ix 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 A. Project Background.......................................................................................... 1 B. Executing Agency ............................................................................................ 1 C. Technical Assistance for Environmental Safeguard ......................................... 2 D. Purpose of the Study ....................................................................................... 2 E. Extent of IEE .................................................................................................... 2 F. IEE Content ..................................................................................................... 2 G. Methodology .................................................................................................... 3 H. Information/ data Sources ................................................................................ 3 I. Public Consultation .......................................................................................... 4 2. Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ............................................................ 5 A. Country‟s Legal Framework and Regulatory Requirements for the Project ..5 B. Forest Clearance Process................................................................................ 6 3. Description of the Environment of the Project and Sub-project ................................. 8 A. Project Location ............................................................................................... 8 1. Characteristics of the Existing road .............................................................. 8 2. Category of the Project ................................................................................ 9 3. Need for the Sub-Project .............................................................................. 9 B. Key Rehabilitation/Improvement Activities ..................................................... 10 C. Project Implementation Schedule and Cost ................................................... 13 4. Description of the environment ............................................................................... 14 A. Physical Environment .................................................................................... 14 1. Meteorology and Climate ........................................................................... 14 2. Natural Hazards ......................................................................................... 14 3. Air and Noise Quality ................................................................................. 15 4. Landforms/Physiography and Topography ................................................. 16 5. Geology ..................................................................................................... 17 6. Soil ............................................................................................................. 17 7. Land use .................................................................................................... 18 8. Groundwater .............................................................................................. 19 9. Surface water ............................................................................................. 20 C. Ecological Resources .................................................................................... 21 10. Terrestrial Ecology ..................................................................................... 21 11. Aquatic Ecology ......................................................................................... 23 12. Economic Development ............................................................................. 23 13. Infrastructure Facilities ............................................................................... 24 14. Social and Cultural Resources ................................................................... 26 15. Health Facilities .......................................................................................... 26 16. Literacy ...................................................................................................... 27 17. Occupational Status and Migration............................................................. 27 18. Current use of lands and resources for traditional purposes by Indigenous Peoples ...................................................................................................... 28 5. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and its Mitigation Measures ............................ 29 A. Impacts and Mitigation Measures on Physical Environment .......................... 29 1. Climate ...................................................................................................... 29 2. Natural Hazard ........................................................................................... 29 3. Air Quality .................................................................................................. 30 4. Noise ......................................................................................................... 31 v 5. Impact on Land and Soil ............................................................................ 33 6. Groundwater .............................................................................................. 36 7. Impact on Surface Water Bodies ................................................................ 37 8. Siltation and Surface Water Quality of Rivers and Other Water Bodies ...... 37 9. Hydrology and Drainage ............................................................................ 38 B. Impact on Biological Environment .................................................................. 39 1. Terrestrial Ecology ..................................................................................... 39 2. Aquatic Ecology ......................................................................................... 40 C. Management of Construction Debris/Waste ................................................... 41 D. Socio-Economic Impact ................................................................................. 42 1. Impacts due to Construction Camp and Immigration of Workers ................ 42 2. Safety of Construction Workers and Accident Risk to Local Community .... 43 3. Obstruction and Disruption of Traffic .......................................................... 44 4. Transports and Storage of Materials .......................................................... 45 5. Impact on Land and Private Properties ...................................................... 45 6. Impact on Common Property Resources .................................................... 45 6. Public Consultation and Information