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Disability Strathclyde Bioengineering Seminars Disability DISABILITY STRATHCLYDE BIOENGINEERING SEMINARS DISABILITY Proceedings of a seminar on rehabilitation of the disabled in relation to clinical and biomechanical aspects, costs and effectiveness, held at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, in August, 1978 Edited by R. M. KENEDI, J.P. PAUL and J. HUGHES Editorial Associate MONICA K. McCOLL Bioengineering Unit Wolfson Centre University of Strathclyde M ©Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde 1979 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1979 978-0-333-27091-2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission First published 19 79 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD London and Basingstoke Associated companies in Delhi Dublin Hong Kong Johannesburg Lagos Melbourne New York Singapore and Tokyo Typeset in Great Britain by Reproduction Drawings Ltd, Sutton, Surrey British library Cataloguing in Publication Data Disability-(Strathclyde bioengineering seminars). 1. Physically handicapped-Rehabilitation -Congresses I. Kenedi, Robert Maximilian II. Paul, J P III. Hughes, J IV. University of Strathclyde. Bioengineering Unit V. Series 617'.58 RM930 ISBN 978-1-349-04837-3 ISBN 978-1-349-04835-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-04835-9 This book is sold subject to the standard conditions of the Net Book Agreement PREFACE The Strathclyde Bioengineering Seminars are held periodically and explore in depth a clinically significant problem area within the research activities of the University of Strathclyde's Bioengineering Unit. The series, which is a successor to successful broad-spectrum symposia held in 1964 and 1972, opened in August 1975 with consideration of the biomechanics of tissue viability and its clinical applications. The second seminar of the series considered the clinical applications of membrane oxygenators and sorbent-based systems. The proceedings of these two seminars have been published by The Macmillan Press under the titles of Bed Sore Biomechanics in July 1976, and Artificial Organs in July 1977. The present seminar, the third in the series, was held in August 1978 and considered rehabilitation of the disabled particularly in relation to clinical and biomechanical aspects, costs and effectiveness. There were two hundred and fifty-two participants from Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Burma, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Eire, England, France, Iran, Israel, The Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Norway, Scotland, South Africa, Sweden, USA, Wales and West Germany. The details of the Scientific, Technical and Working Group Sessions are given in the Contents Ust. There was also an exhibition of Related Medical Engineering Equipment in which fifteen firms and organisations participated (see page xxiv). All the papers presented, together with additional contributions and the discus­ sions, are printed complete in this volume, grouped in the seven sessions shown in the Contents list. The organisers acknowledge with gratitude their sense of indebtedness to the City of Glasgow District Council for the very enjoyable civic reception given by them for Seminar participants and guests. The second of the Adam Thomson Lectures was delivered at this reception by Professor George Murdoch, University of Dundee, Scotland. In these difficult economic times, the continued support of the Seminar pro­ gramme by the Greater Glasgow Health Board is particularly appreciated. Additionally the organisers are very pleased to acknowledge the contribution of Otto Bock Orthopaedic (UK) Ltd, and Robert Kellie and Son Ltd towards travelling expenses of invited lecturers. As in previous symposia, banking and travel agent facilities were made available to participants by courtesy of the Bank of Scotland, and Nairn Travel Ltd. v vi PREFACE All the work connected with the Seminar was carried out by the staff of the Bioengineering Unit with the unstinted cooperation of the University Administra­ tion. The organisers have pleasure in offering once again their best thanks to all concerned. Glasgow, 1979 R. M. Kenedi SEMINAR ORGANISING COMMITTEE AND SECRETARIAT Joseph C. Barbenel Monica K. McColl Necip Berme Brendan F. McHugh Jane Bowen Alexander C. Nicol Rita F. Cuthbert John P. Paul Mary Dickinson Alexis M. Ross Ronald G. Donovan David Simpson Martin W. Ferguson-Pen Elizabeth M. Smith Thomas G. Grassie Stephanos E. Solomonidis John Hughes Hilda M. Thomas Norman A. Jacobs Joan Wilson Robert M. Kenedi SESSION REPORTERS Henry F. Beveridge John B. McLeod Zenon Chowaniec Robert S. Naismith J.A.lle Margaret Pollock Robert F. Levy Michael T. Shepherd Gilbert D. Logan Andrew Trappit vii SEMINAR PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX (a: participating author, a*: non-attending author, c: chairman and chairman-associate) El-ADW AR, Loutfy I. M.Ch.Orth., Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Alexandria University, 320 Tarrik El-Horria, Sidi-Gaber, Alexandria, Egypt a (page 64) AGERHOLM, Margaret, M.A., B.M., B.Ch. (Oxon), Greater London Council, Inner London Education Authority, Heenan House, Mare Street, Hackney, London, E8, UK AITKEN, John Mcinnes, B.Sc(Eng.), C.Eng., M.l. Mech.E., Depart­ ment of Health and Social Security, Room 3/107, Hinchley Wood, Kingston-by-Pass, Surbiton, Surrey KT6 SQW, UK AITKEN, R. Cairns, M.D., F.R.C.P. (Ed.), F.R.C.Psych., Professor of Rehabilitation Studies, University Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Princess Margaret Rose Ort!lopaedic Hospital, Fairmilehead, Edinburgh, EH10 7ED, UK ALANNI, Khalid A-Kader, M.B., Ch.B., Ministry of Health of Bahrain, Salmanyia General Hospital, Surgical Department, Bahrain a (pages 285, AMIS, Andrew A., B.Sc., Ph.D., University of Leeds, School of 336) Medicine, Rheumatism Research Unit, 36 Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9PJ, UK a* (page 230) AMSTUTZ, Halam C., University of California, Division of Ortho­ paedic Surgery, Biomechanics Research Section, Institute for Chronic Diseases and Rehabilitation, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA a (page 462) ANDERSON, David Macdonald, M.C.S.P., Armitstead Child Development Centre, 94 Monifieth Road, Broughty Ferry, Dundee, DDS 2SJ, UK ANDERSON, Eric G., M.Sc., F.R.C.S., 102 Prestonfield, Milngavie, Dunbartonshire, G62 7PZ, UK ANDERSON, J. M., L.B.I.S.T., Senior Orthotist, Scotland and North England, Remploy Ltd - Orthopaedic Division, Remploy House, 415 Edgware Road, Cricklewood, London, NW2 6LR, UK a (pages 193, ANDERSON, Sir W. Ferguson, O.B.E., K.St.J., M.D., F.R.C.P., 450) F.R.C.P.(E.), F.R.C.P.(G.), Hon.F.R.C.P.(I.), Hon.F.R.C.P.(C.), Professor, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Stobhill General Hospital, Glasgow, G21 3UW, UK viii SEMINAR PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX ix ANGEL, Roy, Straumann (Great Britain) Ud, Bessemer Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, AL7 1HH, UK a* (page 131) ANTONELLI, Daniel, M.S., Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, 7601 East Imperial Highway, Downey, California 90242, USA van AUDEKERCKE, Remi, Ph.D., Lecturer, ICOBI- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Section, Celestijnenlaan 200 A, 3030 Heverlee, Belgium a (pages 141, AULD,MoiraA.,M.C.S.P.,DepartmentofPhysiotherapy,Aberdeen 510) Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB9 2ZB, UK BALL, Gordon R., M.B.BS., F.I.Mech.E., Department of Health and Social Security, Room 107, Supply Division, 14 Russell Square, London, WCl, UK BAR, Aharon, B.Sc., Department of Bioengineering, Technion University, Haifa, Israel BARBENEL, Joseph C. B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., B.D.S., L.D.S., R.C.S.(Eng.), M.I.Inst.P., University of Strathclyde, Bioengineer­ ing Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK BARDSLEY, Geoffrey 1., B.Sc., Ph.D., The Dundee limb Fitting Centre, 133 Queen Street, Broughty Ferry, Dundee, DDS lAG, UK BARTON, Honora, M.C.S.P., Dip.T.P., Head of Department of Physiotherapy, The Queen's College, Glasgow, 1 Park Drive, Glasgow, G3 6LP, UK BEGG, David F., L.B.I.S.T., Tayside Health Board, Angus District, Strathcathro Hospital, Brechin, Angus, DD9 7QA, UK a* (page 435) BEL, J.P., Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unite de Recherches Biomechaniques, Unite 103, Avenue des Moulins 34000, Montpellier, France BELL, Frank, B.Sc., Ph.D., C.Eng., M.I.Mech.E., Rehabilitation Studies Unit, Princess Margaret Rose Hospital, Fairmilehead, Edinburgh, EH10 7ED, UK BELL, Margaret H. L., R.G.N., S.C.M., Senior Nursing Officer, Dundee Royal Infirmary, Barrack Road, Dundee, DD1 9ND, UK a (pages 318, BERME, Necip, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., University of Strathclyde, 369,375, Bioengineering Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, 450) G40NW, UK BEVERIDGE, Henry F., B.Sc., University of Strathclyde, Bio­ engineering Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G40NW, UK a (page 354) BLATCHFORD, Brian G., M.B.E., B.Sc.Eng., Managing Director, Chas. A. Blatchford and Sons Ud, lister Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG22 4AH, UK BLATCHFORD, Brian S., 5 lightfoot Grove, Basingstoke, Hamp­ shire, RG21 3HU, UK X SEMINAR PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX c (page 510) BWCH, Bernard, M.B.Ch.B., F.R.C.S., P.O. Box 66, Double Bay, New South Wales 2028, Australia c, a (pages BOENICK, U., Dr. lng., Professor, Technische Universitiit 145, 347) Berlin, Dovestrasse 6, 1000 Berlin 10, West Germany a* (page 131) BONTGRAGER, Ernest, M.S., Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, 7601 East Imperial Highway, Downey, California 90242, USA BOWEN Jane, University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK a {page 442) BOWKER, Peter, B.Sc., Ph.D., C.Eng., M.I.Mech.E., University of Aberdeen, Department of Biomedical Physics and Bioengineering, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB9 2ZD, UK BOYLE, Olaf, L.B.I.S.T., Otto Bock Orthopaedic (UK) Ltd, 21 Humes Avenue, London, W7 2U, UK BRAND, Peter J., M.Sc., Ph.D., C.Eng., M.I.Mech.E., National Research and Development Council, Kingsgate House, 66/74 Victoria Street, London, SWl, UK BROWN, D. J., B.Sc., The University of Southampton, Department of Electrical Engineering, Southampton, S09 SNH, UK a*(page 471) BRUBAKER, Clifford E., Ph.D., Associate Professor of Physical Education and Orthopedics, University of Virginia, Rehabilitation Engineering Centre, Towers Office Building, Terrace Level, 1224 W.
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