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International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences PODW.Indd 1 20/05/2020 16:03 International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences Towards Water Security ©2020 The Author(s) This is an Open Access book distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits copying and redistribution in the original format for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). This does not affect the rights licensed or assigned from any third party in this book. This title was made available Open Access through a partnership with Knowledge Unlatched. IWA Publishing would like to thank all of the libraries for pledging to support the transition of this title to Open Access through the KU Select 2019 program. Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences Catchment Systems International Rainwater From time immemorial, people have been managing rain. The availability of water and water sources determined where people would be able to live. Adequate International rainfall decided on the quality of agriculture. Technical advances and finance may have enabled societies to inhabit big cities and expand agriculture into dry areas, but only because of the resource rain provided through the water cycle. Rainwater Catchment Due to population growth, pollution, and climate change, water scarcity will be one of the most critical problems all around the world in the next 15 years. Today, around 10% of the world’s population lacks a proper water supply service. Harvesting rainwater and using it for drinking, domestic, industrial, and Systems Experiences agricultural uses will help to supply quality water to urban and rural populations. Divided into four sections, basic concepts, narratives of RWH, programs TOWARDS WATER SECURITY implemented by diverse sectors of society, and notable cases, the book summarizes experiences from 14 different countries all around the globe, José Arturo Gleason Espíndola developed and developing countries, urban and rural areas. The subject of this book is related to the promotion of different international rainwater experiences that provides sustainable water services and climate resilience, including technical aspects and socio-cultural and policy affairs. This book was written for all people interested in sustainable rainwater management. Students, people just starting in the subject, and experts will find this book interesting as it creates an overview of rainwater harvesting practice and technology all around the world. We encourage all readers to read these stories and arguments at your leisure. Some many ideas and techniques can be picked up and applicable for serving the last 10% that is waiting for water security and proper water service. José Arturo Gleason Espíndola ISBN 9781789060577 iwapublishing.com @IWAPublishing ISBN: 9781789060577 (Paperback) 9 781789 060577 ISBN: 9781789060584 (eBook) Presents stories and experiences from some 15 countries from all over the globe, developed and less developed Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences_PODW.indd 1 20/05/2020 16:03 International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences Towards Water Security Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences Towards Water Security Edited by José Arturo Gleason Espíndola, César Augusto Casiano Flores, Raul Pacheco-Vega and Margarita Rosa Pacheco Montes Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 Published by IWA Publishing Alliance House 12 Caxton Street London SW1H 0QS, UK Telephone: +44 (0)20 7654 5500 Fax: +44 (0)20 7654 5555 Email: [email protected] Web: www.iwapublishing.com First published 2020 © 2020 IWA Publishing Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act (1998), no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publisher, or, in the case of photographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the appropriate reproduction rights organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to IWA Publishing at the address printed above. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for errors or omissions that may be made. Disclaimer The information provided and the opinions given in this publication are not necessarily those of IWA and should not be acted upon without independent consideration and professional advice. IWA and the Editors and Authors will not accept responsibility for any loss or damage suffered by any person acting or refraining from acting upon any material contained in this publication. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 9781789060577 (paperback) ISBN: 9781789060584 (eBook) Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 Contents About the Authors ....................................... xv Preface .................................................. xix Introduction ............................................. xxi Section 1: Basic Concepts The importance of rainwater catchment systems J. A. Gleason Espíndola and Y. Corona Sánchez .............. 3 I.1 History of rainwater catchment systems . 3 I.2 Rainwater harvesting in Mesoamerica . 4 I.3 Recent efforts of rainwater harvesting around the world . 6 II Fundamentals of Rainwater Catchment System . 7 References . 10 Section 2: Narratives of RWH Chapter 1 Rain: Water for health, livelihood and self-reliance H. A. Heijnen ............................................. 15 1.1 Introduction . 15 1.2 Harvesting Rain, Going Global . 16 1.3 Rainwater Harvesting for Domestic Water Supply . 19 1.3.1 Why collect rainwater for drinking and domestic needs? . 19 Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 vi International Rainwater Catchment Systems Experiences 1.3.2 Managing the stored water . 20 1.3.3 Quality of harvested and stored rain water . 21 1.3.4 Initiating rainwater harvesting programmes . 22 1.4 Use of Rainwater for Domestic Use . 22 1.5 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 . 24 1.6 How to Provide Water Supply Services to the Last 10% of the Unserved? . 25 1.7 Be Ready to Collect and Store Rain . 26 1.8 Conclusion . 27 References . 28 Chapter 2 Harvesting the potential B. Kniffen ................................................ 31 2.1 Introduction . 31 2.2 Harvesting Rainwater for Environmental Stewardship . 32 2.3 Harvesting Rainwater for Stormwater Reduction . 34 2.4 Harvesting the Opportunity to Influence Decision Makers . 35 2.5 Harvesting Rainwater for Life . 36 2.6 Harvest the Potential to Provide Education . 37 2.6.1 The American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (ARCSA) . 38 2.7 Conclusion . 39 References . 40 Chapter 3 Transforming tradition of rainwater harvesting in Sri Lanka T .N. Ariyananda .......................................... 41 3.1 Introduction . 41 3.2 Institutional Uptake of RWH . 45 3.3 Lanka Rainwater Harvesting Forum . 46 3.4 Rainwater Policy and Regulations in Sri Lanka . 47 3.5 Providing Water and Food Security for Communities at Times of Disaster . 48 3.6 Climate Risk Resilience . 49 3.7 Improving Health . 51 3.8 Runoff Collection for Crop Growth . 51 3.9 Conclusion . 52 References . 53 Downloaded from https://iwaponline.com/ebooks/book-pdf/694304/wio9781789060584.pdf by IWA Publishing, [email protected] on 14 August 2020 Contents vii Chapter 4 Rainwater catchment on Hawai‘i Island Patricia S. Macomber ..................................... 55 4.1 Introduction . 55 4.1.1 Introduction to Hawai‘i .............................. 56 4.1.2 Catchment history . 57 4.2 Uniqueness of the Big Island Catchment . 58 4.3 Regulations . 59 4.4 Water Quality . 60 4.5 Rainwater Catchment Program Beginning . 62 4.6 The Rainwater Catchment Program . 63 4.7 Rainwater Catchment Program Expansion . 64 4.7.1 Education . 64 4.7.2 Available agent . 65 4.8 Collaborations . 65 4.8.1 Vendor support . 65 4.8.2 Expanding research and collaborations . 66 4.9 Environmental Change Effects on Rainwater Catchment .............................................. 67 4.9.1 Weather/rainfall . 67 4.9.2 Environmental change: Invasive species . 68 4.9.3 Environmental change: Volcanic . 69 4.9.4 Environmental study . 69 4.10 Summary . 70 References . 71 Chapter 5 Mexican rainwater harvesting movement in recent years J. A. Gleason Espíndola, Y. Corona Sánchez and C. Casiano Flores
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