Rainwater Harvesting BEST PRACTICES GUIDEBOOK
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The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting
The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting Texas Water Development Board Third Edition The Texas Manual on Rainwater Harvesting Texas Water Development Board in cooperation with Chris Brown Consulting Jan Gerston Consulting Stephen Colley/Architecture Dr. Hari J. Krishna, P.E., Contract Manager Third Edition 2005 Austin, Texas Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the following persons for their assistance with the production of this guide: Dr. Hari Krishna, Contract Manager, Texas Water Development Board, and President, American Rainwater Catchment Systems Association (ARCSA); Jen and Paul Radlet, Save the Rain; Richard Heinichen, Tank Town; John Kight, Kendall County Commissioner and Save the Rain board member; Katherine Crawford, Golden Eagle Landscapes; Carolyn Hall, Timbertanks; Dr. Howard Blatt, Feather & Fur Animal Hospital; Dan Wilcox, Advanced Micro Devices; Ron Kreykes, ARCSA board member; Dan Pomerening and Mary Dunford, Bexar County; Billy Kniffen, Menard County Cooperative Extension; Javier Hernandez, Edwards Aquifer Authority; Lara Stuart, CBC; Wendi Kimura, CBC. We also acknowledge the authors of the previous edition of this publication, The Texas Guide to Rainwater Harvesting, Gail Vittori and Wendy Price Todd, AIA. Disclaimer The use of brand names in this publication does not indicate an endorsement by the Texas Water Development Board, or the State of Texas, or any other entity. Views expressed in this report are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Texas Water Development Board, or -
A Smart Water Grid for Micro-Trading Rainwater: Hydraulic Feasibility Analysis
water Article A Smart Water Grid for Micro-Trading Rainwater: Hydraulic Feasibility Analysis Elizabeth Ramsey* , Jorge Pesantez , Mohammad Ali Khaksar Fasaee , Morgan DiCarlo , Jacob Monroe and Emily Zechman Berglund Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; [email protected] (J.P.); [email protected] (M.A.K.F.); [email protected] (M.D.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (E.Z.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 30 September 2020; Accepted: 29 October 2020; Published: 2 November 2020 Abstract: Water availability is increasingly stressed in cities across the world due to population growth, which increases demands, and climate change, which can decrease supply. Novel water markets and water supply paradigms are emerging to address water shortages in the urban environment. This research develops a new peer-to-peer non-potable water market that allows households to capture, use, sell, and buy rainwater within a network of water users. A peer-to-peer non-potable water market, as envisioned in this research, would be enabled by existing and emerging technologies. A dual reticulation system, which circulates non-potable water, serves as the backbone for the water trading network by receiving water from residential rainwater tanks and distributing water to households for irrigation purposes. Prosumer households produce rainwater by using cisterns to collect and store rainwater and household pumps to inject rainwater into the network at sufficiently high pressures. The smart water grid would be enabled through an array of information and communication technologies that provide capabilities for automated and real-time metering of water flow, control of infrastructure, and trading between households. -
Climate Change Mitigation in the Water Sector Or How to Reduce the Carbon Footprint of Water
Climate change mitigation in the water sector or How to reduce the carbon footprint of water by Taryn Pereira Table of contents Executive Summary .................................................................................... 4 Introduction ................................................................................................5 Water and climate change mitigation ..........................................................7 The water-energy nexus ............................................................................. 9 Bulk water supply .....................................................................................11 Treatment of raw water .............................................................................16 Wastewater treatment .............................................................................. 20 Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................... 24 References .................................................................................................23 Acknowledgements Thanks to all who contributed ideas and information to this paper – particularly Jessica Wilson and other colleagues at EMG, Victor Munnik, Shafick Hoossein and others. Thanks also to all who kindly agreed to be interviewed. This research was partially funded by Masibambane, and the printing of this paper was funded by HBS. EMG gratefully acknowledges the support of the Heinrich Böll Foundation and Masibambane for funding this research’. Executive Summary CLIMATE CHANGE IS HAPPENING -
Rainwater Harvesting 4/06/2019 1
Rainwater Harvesting 4/06/2019 Rainwater Harvesting Rainwater Harvesting MCMGA / Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Montgomery County The Woodlands 4/06/2019 Speaker: Bob Dailey, Master Gardener, Master Naturalist • General Information – Water Sources & Uses • Passive RWH – Directing & Slowing Rainwater Runoff • Active RWH – Collecting & Storing Rainwater Rain Barrel Construction – Texas A&M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwZ7xr9EUDc#t=248 MCMGA: RWH at MCMGA, Self-Cleaning Rain Barrel, Part 1 Adaptive Garden: 1,100 Gallons Solar-Gravity: 2,000 Gallons Extension: 2,500 Gallons https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oARtz0JA4vI MCMGA: RWH at MCMGA, Part 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jK7xM9tNrxg Connecting to the Downspout – Rutgers Cooperative Extension https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5EnKSdWHeE How to install your Rain Barrel: The Woodlands G.R.E.E.N. http://www.thewoodlandsgreen.org/rain-barrels Education Center: 8,000 Gallons Earth-Kind: 3,000 Gallons Aquaponics: 300 Gallons Total Rainwater Storage = 17,000 Gallons MCMGA: Rainwater Harvesting , The Woodlands 4/06/2019 MCMGA: Rainwater Harvesting , The Woodlands 4/06/2019 Rainwater Harvesting The World Water Supply Key Publications (Downloadable - No Charge) “Rainwater Harvesting” Texas A&M Publication Number B-6153 http://aglifesciences.tamu.edu/baen/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/B-6153.-Rainwater-Harvesting.pdf “Texas Rainwater Harvesting Manual, 3rd Ed” (Texas Water Development Board website) https://www.twdb.texas.gov/publications/brochures/conservation/doc/RainwaterHarvestingManual_3rdedition.pdf -
A PDF of Harvest Water in Rainwater Tanks
! Growing Edible Arizona Forests, An Illustrated Guide Excerpt from leafnetworkaz.org Edible Tree Guide CHOOSE Planting Site and Design Network • Rainwater Tanks Linking Edible Arizona Forests Rainwater Tanks Having made the most of passive water harvesting, consider collecting rainwater runoff from roofs into tanks to allow you to store rainwater for later use—a strategy sometimes called active water harvesting. Follow rainwater harvesting principles for tanks for efficient and safe design. Tanks can be placed above ground or underground, and range from 50 gallons to tens of thousands of gallons in capacity. Tanks are available in plastic, metal, fiberglass, concrete and other materials. If the water level in a tank is higher than the ground level of a tree-planting site you want to water, a valve or hose bib installed in the tank Metal tank is filled with rainfall runoff from a large roof through can allow delivery of tank water via gravity flow. an adjacent gutter and downspout. Water is conveyed down Install the tank tap ≥ 4 inches above the bottom of the wall and underground into the tank in a water-tight pipe. the tank to reduce disturbance of any sediment in Tank is tapped with a hose bib. A garden hose delivers water to a nearby landscape via gravity flow. The tank is positioned the bottom. You can attach a garden hose to away from the building to protect the foundation in case the distribute water to trees, or install a permanent tank leaks. pipe and rainwater faucet close to trees to make rainwater convenient to use. -
Implementing Rainwater Harvesting Systems on The
IMPLEMENTING RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS ON THE TEXAS A&M CAMPUS FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES: A FEASIBILITY STUDY A Senior Scholars Thesis by WILLIAM HALL SAOUR Submitted to the Office of Undergraduate Research Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the designation as UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOLAR April 2009 Major: Civil Engineering i IMPLEMENTING RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS ON THE TEXAS A&M CAMPUS FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES: A FEASIBILITY STUDY A Senior Scholars Thesis by WILLIAM HALL SAOUR Submitted to the Office of Undergraduate Research Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for designation as UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOLAR Approved by: Research Advisor: Emily Zechman Associate Dean for Undergraduate Research: Robert C. Webb April 2009 Major: Civil Engineering iii ABSTRACT Implementing Rainwater Harvesting Systems on the Texas A&M University Campus for Irrigation Purposes: A Feasibility Study. (April 2009) William Hall Saour Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Research Advisor: Dr. Emily Zechman Department of Civil Engineering Increasing population and increasing urbanization threatens both the health and availability of water resources. The volume and timing of water that is readily available may not be sufficient to supply the demand for potable water in urban areas. Rainwater harvesting is a water conservation strategy that may help alleviate water scarcity and protect the environment. The benefits of collecting rainwater and utilizing it as irrigation water are both tangible and non-tangible. Through collecting and reusing rainwater, grey water may be utilized as a practical resource. Although grey water is not safe to drink, it is safe for other uses such as toilet water, cleaning water, and irrigation. -
1 Minimum Design Requirements for Domestic Rainwater-Harvesting
Minimum design requirements for domestic rainwater-harvesting systems on small volcanic islands in the Eastern Caribbean to prevent related water quality and quantity issues Author: R. Reijtenbagh Abstract: Rainwater harvesting is the primary source of fresh water on the majority of isolated and volcanic islands in the Eastern Caribbean island chain that lack reliable sources fresh water. There are generally two types of rainwater systems on most Caribbean islands: traditional rainwater systems with an external brickwork cistern and modern rainwater systems with cisterns integrated in the foundation of the houses. Recent research studies have determined that the microbiological quality of rainwater in cistern systems is generally unstable and can lead to serious health implications when used for human consumption. Another related issue is that rainwater shortages occur more frequently due to fluctuating rainfall patterns and increasing rainwater consumption rates. In this paper minimum design requirements are determined, using data from the islands of Saba and St Eustatius, for the construction of new domestic rainwater systems on small volcanic islands in the Eastern Caribbean. These minimum design requirements can be used to prevent potential water quality and quantity issues. One of the conclusions of this research study is that mainly the collection and storage elements of rainwater systems need to be constructed using non-toxic and non-corrosive materials to mitigate potential health risks. Also, first-flush devices need to be installed in the collection system to divert the mostly contaminated first load of rainwater after a dry period. The storage tanks need to be watertight and protected from sunlight, preferably located at least 30 meters away from active bacterial sources (such as open street sewers or cesspits). -
Domestic Rainwater Harvesting in a Water-Stressed Community and Variation in Rainwater Quality from Source to Storage
Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development Vol. 14, Iss. 2 (2015), Pp. 225–243 Domestic Rainwater Harvesting in a Water-Stressed Community and Variation in Rainwater Quality from Source to Storage G. Owusu-Boateng Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi [email protected] M. K. Gadogbe Department of Material Engineering KNUST, Kumasi Abstract The quality of rainwater, which is the main source of domestic water in Dzodze, a community in the Volta Region of Ghana, was unknown. Therefore, the possible utilization of contaminated domestic water and occurrence of health hazards could not be underestimated due to prevailing poor hygiene and a great lack of standard maintenance and treatment systems in the community. In this study, we assessed the quality of rainwater in the Dzodze community and how it varies along the DRWH chain from free-fall to storage. Rain samples were collected at three points along the domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH) chain. Specifically, the three points were free-fall, roof catchment, and storage tank, and the two systems were “poorly-maintained” and “well-maintained” systems. The physico-chemical and bacteriological patterns of rainwater samples were analyzed for physico- chemical and bacteriological parameters and results were compared with World Health Organization (and Ghana Standards Board guideline values. The harvested rainwater was found to be of good physico-chemical quality, but not bacteriological quality, calling for treatment before utilization. Also, irrespective of the type of DRWH system (poorly-maintained or well- maintained), there were substantial changes in rainwater quality upon interaction with roof catchment, with an increase noticed in all parameters. -
Optimizing Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Urban Areas
Optimizing rainwater harvesting systems in urban areas. By María Violeta Vargas Parra A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD degree in Environmental Science and Technology September 2015 The present doctoral thesis has been developed thanks to the project “Análisis ambiental del aprovechamiento de aguas pluviales” financed by Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation, ref. CTM 2010-17365 as well as the pre-doctoral grant awarded to M. Violeta Vargas-Parra by Conacyt (National Council of Science and Technology, decentralized public agency of Mexico’s federal government). The present thesis entitled Optimizing rainwater harvesting systems in urban areas by María Violeta Vargas Parra has been carried out at the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA) at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). M. Violeta Vargas Parra under the supervision of Dr. Xavier Gabarrell and Dr. Gara Villalba from ICTA and the Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering at the UAB, and Dr. María Rosa Rovira Val, from ICTA and the Business School at the UAB Dr. Xavier Gabarrell Dr. Gara Villalba Dr. M. Rosa Rovira Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), September 2015. “I keep turning over new leaves, and spoiling them, as I used to spoil my copybooks; and I make so many beginnings there never will be an end. (Jo March)” - Louisa May Alcott, Little Woman V Table of Contents Acknowledgements.................................................................................. XI Summary ............................................................................................ -
Platin Underground Rainwater Tank Technical Guide SW 25
Platin Underground Rainwater Tank Technical Guide SW 25 A superior underground rainwater tank that is easy to transport, handle and install. NK A T water IN A IN R at F PL RA SW25 G | STORMWATER STORMWATER | 05.20 Applications Ribbed construction for unbeatable Approvals/Standards stability and strength Ideal for the underground capture and Certified to AS/NZS 1546.1:2008 storage of rainwater Link tanks for increased capacity 15 year warranty, when installed according Quality Product Attributes to manufacturer’s guidelines ISO 9001:2008 Quality Tank, lid shaft and lid are all fully sealed Robust and lightweight HDPE construction Management Standard meaning no seepage or dirt can enter the Shallow dig for easy installation tank 50 year design life We are the supply partner of choice for New Zealand’s stormwater management and treatment solutions. A superior underground rainwater tank that is easy to transport, handle and install. Features ■ Lightweight, robust HDPE construction. ■ Easy transport due to low weight. ■ Secure investment thanks to 15-year warranty. ■ Specifically designed to be buried, and compliant with AS/NZS1546.1:2008. ■ Minimum installation depth means a short installation time and low installation costs. ■ Suitable for vehicle loading (in combination with a Telescopic dome shaft with cast iron lid). The Platin tank can therefore also be installed under your driveway. ■ Groundwater-stable up to the tank shoulder thanks to 2 extremely stable design. PG | ■ R Attractive tank lid that can be telescoped and tilted in a E continuously variable manner up to 5°. ■ Optional Integrated filter technology. STORMWAT | ■ Large tank dome for easy filter installation. -
Rainwater Harvesting Guide Will Teach You How to Design and Build a System to Collect and Store Rainwater for a School, Community Garden, Or Your Own Backyard
Collecting and storing rainwater Rainwater at your home, school, or Harvesting community garden Guide a project of GrowNYC, www.GrowNYC.org Table of Contents Introduction to Rainwater Harvesting ................................ 2 Why Harvest Rainwater? ............................................ 3 Reducing Pollution Conserving Water Educating the Public Designing Your Rainwater Harvesting System .........................6 System Components and Placement Sizing Your Tank Materials Needed for Your System Where to Get Supplies Building Your Rainwater Harvesting System .........................12 Constructing Your Platform Installing Your Tank 2 Anchoring Your Tank Plumbing Your System Leaders and Downspouts Winterizing Tees and Diverters Filtration Systems Overflow Systems Rain Gardens Drip Irrigation Aesthetics Signage Maintaining Your Rainwater Harvesting System Seasonal Maintenance Frequently Asked Questions ........................................ 24 Cover: GrowNYC’s Governors Island Teaching Garden (top) and a rainwater harvesting system at the New York Harbor School (bottom) About this Guide this rainwater harvesting guide will teach you how to design and build a system to collect and store rainwater for a school, community garden, or your own backyard. By building your own rainwater harvesting system, you can help conserve water, reduce pollution in our ecosystems, and educate others about the environmental benefits of rainwater harvesting. Since 2001, GrowNYC’s Garden Program has worked to build and maintain rainwater harvesting -
Rainwater Harvesting: a Lifeline for Human Well-Being
3BJOXBUFSIBSWFTUJOHGPSBEBQUBUJPOUPDMJNBUFDIBOHF "GSJDBIBTTVSQMVTSBJOXBUFSGPS FOWJSPONFOU 5IFDIBMMFOHFJTFDPOPNJDBOEOPUQIZTJDBMXBUFSTDBSDJUZ Rainwater harvesting: a lifeline for human well-being 3BJOXBUFSPGGFSTUIF QPUFOUJBMUPTVQQMZ LNGPSUIF TVTUBJOBODFPG GPSFTUT XFUMBOETBOE HSBTTMBOETJO"GSJDB )BSWFTUJUUPDPQFXJUI DMJNBUFDIBOHF RAINWATER HARVESTING: A LIFELINE FOR HUMAN WELL-BEING A report prepared for UNEP by Stockholm Environment Institute Fist published by United Nations Environment Programme and Stockholm Environment Institute in 2009 Copyright© 2009, United Nations Environment Programme/SEI This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes, without special permission from the copyright holder(s) provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Environment Programme would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Application for such permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of production should be addressed to the Director, DCPI, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, 00100 Kenya. The designation employed and the presentation of material in this publi- cation do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or its authorities, or concerning the delimi- tation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of a commercial company or product in this publication does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Environment Programme. The use of information from this publication concerning proprietary products for publicity or advertising is not permitted. Layout: Richard Clay/SEI Cover photo: © ICRAF Rainwater Harvesting - UNEP ISBN: 978 - 92 - 807 - 3019 - 7 Job No.