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Sunshine in Korea
CENTER FOR ASIA PACIFIC POLICY International Programs at RAND CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that EDUCATION AND THE ARTS helps improve policy and decisionmaking through ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT research and analysis. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from INFRASTRUCTURE AND www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND TRANSPORTATION Corporation. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS NATIONAL SECURITY Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Support RAND Purchase this document TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Browse Reports & Bookstore Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND Center for Asia Pacific Policy View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. The monograph/report was a product of the RAND Corporation from 1993 to 2003. RAND monograph/reports presented major research findings that addressed the challenges facing the public and private sectors. They included executive summaries, technical documentation, and synthesis pieces. Sunshine in Korea The South Korean Debate over Policies Toward North Korea Norman D. -
Undermining the Global Nuclear Order? Impacts of Unilateral Negotiations Between the U.S. and North-Korea
Undermining the global nuclear order? Impacts of unilateral negotiations between the U.S. and North-Korea Gordon Friedrichs, M.A. America first – America alone? Evangelische Akademie Hofgeismar Haus der Kirche, Kassel Dienstag, 27. November 2018 Gordon Friedrichs, M.A. Evangelische Akademie Hofgeismar 24.01.2019 Haus der Kirche, Kassel #1 Outline 1. History of U.S.-North Korea relations 2. The Nuclearization of North Korea 3. North Korea and challenges to U.S. global leadership 4. Discussion: Four options for conflict resolution Chanlett-Avery et al. 2018: 3 Gordon Friedrichs, M.A. Evangelische Akademie Hofgeismar 24.01.2019 Haus der Kirche, Kassel #2 History of U.S.-North Korea relations 1949-50: Communist insurrection on Jeju Island, Soviet & Chinese military support for the North; 1910 Japanese 1948/49: Kim Il-Sung Stalin’s support for military 1937: The battle depicted becomes chairman of the invasion. rule over NK 1950-53: Korean War. in the Grand Workers’ Party of Korea; Monument in Samjiyon, Democratic People’s Samjiyon County Republic of Korea (DPRK) 38th parallel established to divide North (SU, Communist) 1949: U.S. troop and South (US) Korea withdrawal; SK instability. 1953: The Korean Armistice 1945: End of World War II; Agreement that declared cease fire but no peace on the 38th parallel; Soviet victory over Japan on 1948: Republic of Korea was Korean Peninsula consolidation of power on both sides: founded under Syngman Rhee Juche ideology paired with Stalinism (authoritarian leader) in the North; autocratic military rule in the South. Gordon Friedrichs, M.A. Evangelische Akademie Hofgeismar 24.01.2019 Haus der Kirche, Kassel #3 Gordon Friedrichs, M.A. -
(2) Korean Service Medal (KSM) Is a US Campaign
(2) Korean Service Medal (KSM) is a U.S. Campaign awarded the Korean Service Medal is automatically granted the Medal. It has specific dates associated with it. It’s the United Nations Service Medal. primary United States medal for participation in the Korean War and is awarded to any U.S. service member, (6) Korean War Service Medal (KWSM), also known as the who performed duty in the Republic of Korea, between Republic of Korea War Service Medal (ROKWSM), is not a June 27, 1950 and July 27, 1954. U.S. Campaign Medal. It’s a decoration of South Korea which was first authorized in December 1950. Like item (5) above, (3) AFEM is a U.S. Campaign Medal. The medal is it’s valuable to know its history. awarded for participation in any military campaign of the United States for which no other service medal is Initially we did not authorize our troops to wear this medal. authorized. This medal has been awarded for at least 45 In 1954, the South Korean government authorized the now designated military campaigns, from events such as the called Korean War Service Medal to all United Nations troops Cuban Missile Crisis and Korea to retroactive campaigns who had fought in the Korean War between the dates of June such as Quemoy and Matsu. Sometimes the AFEM is 25, 1950 to July 27, 1953. While a number of countries accepted authorized before a specific campaign m e d a l is the award, at the time of the Korean War Service Medal's authorized; witness the authorization of the AFEM before presentation to U.N. -
Assessing the Environmental Performance of an Intensive Farming System in South Korea
Department of soil physics Complex TERRain and ECOlogical Heterogeneity A cumulative dissertation submitted for the requirement of doctoral degree in Natural Science (Dr. rer. nat.) Integrated watershed modeling of mountainous landscapes: Assessing the environmental performance of an intensive farming system in South Korea. Submitted to Bayreuth Graduate School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences (BayNAT) Submitted by Ganga Ram Maharjan born 20 April 1982 in Chapagaun, Lalitpur, Nepal Bayreuth, August 2015 This doctoral thesis was prepared at the Department of Soil Physics, University of Bayreuth, between April 2012 and August 2015 under supervision of Prof. Dr. Bernd Huwe, Prof. Dr. John Tenhunen, and Prof. Dr. Seong Joon Kim Date of submission: 26 August 2015 Date of defense: 04 December 2015 Acting director: Prof. Dr. Stephan Kuemmel Doctoral committee: (1) Prof. Dr. Bernd Huwe (1st reviewer) (2) Prof. Dr. Martin Volk (2nd reviewer) (2) Prof. Dr. Thomas Koellner (chairman) (4) Dr. Christina Bogner Abstract The agricultural production to secure food for overgrowing world's population and the reduction of associated detrimental effects on the environment are of global concern. Intensive farming systems coupled with a high amounts of fertilizer applied to secure an increasing crop yield have a negative effects on the global environment. The nonpoint source pollution, such as sediments and nutrients from the intensive farming systems and point source pollution from industry are of major threat to the global environment. The point source pollutions from the industries are discernible, which can be fed into wastewater treatment plants before bringing back to the environmental system. Nonpoint source pollutions come from many diffuse sources (surface runoff, atmospheric deposition, precipitation, and seepage) and are more difficult to handle compared to point source pollution. -
Sir Knights Who Served
19-May-21 Sir Knights Who Served Adams Lynn Stuart Air Force Exeter, PA 1942 - 2018 Council Assembly 930 LYNN SERVED WITH THE US AIR FORCE IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING HIS HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION. HE SERVED FOR MORE THAN 25 YEARS AS AN AIR TRAFFIC CONNTROLLER IN NEWFOUNDLAND, BERMUDA, THAILAND, REMOTE ALASKA, GERMANY, AND SEVERAL BASES AROUND THE UNITED STATES, FINALLY RETIRING IN 1987 AT TRAVIS AIR FORCE BASE IN CALIFORNIA. LYNN WAS BORN IN READING, PENNSYLVANIA TO RICHARD ADAMS AND GLORIA MILLS. HE GRADUATED FROM MUHLENBERG HIGH SCHOOL. LYNN TAUGHT AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AT SCHOOLS IN OKLAHOMA AND FLORIDA BEFORE RETURNING TO READING, PA WHERE HE ENROLLED AT ALVERNIA COLLEGE AND GRADUATED CUM LAUDE IN 1996 WITH A DEGREE IN ACCOUNTING. LYNN SPENT FIVE (5) YEARS AS AN ACCOUNTANT AT READING CENTRAL CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL, THEN JOINED FIDELITY TECHNOLOGIES IN MUHLENBERG TWP AS AN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SIMULATOR DEVELOPER. LYNN WAS PREDECEASED BY HIS FIRST WIFE, ALICE CAS GALLANT. HE WAS MARRIED 16 YEARS TO HIS WIFE KATHLEEN. HE HAD THREE (3) SONS, SIX (6) GRANDCHILDREN AND TWO (2) GREAT-GRANDCHILDREN. Adolph John C. Army Philadelphia, PA 1927 - 2018 Council 14210 Assembly 934 JOHN WAS IN INFANTRY TRAINING IN THE U.S. ARMY AND SERVED AS PART OF THE OCCUPATION FORCES IN GERMANY AT THE WAR’S END. Page 1 of 209 Adolph Sr. William F. Army Springfield, PA 1925 - 2019 Council 4500 Assembly 913 WILLIAM, A.K.A. BILL, ENLISTED IN THE ARMY JUST TWO WEEKS AFTER HE GRADUATED HIGH SCHOOL. HE LANDED IN NORMANDY A COUPLE OF WEEKS AFTER THE INITIAL INVASION SERVING WITH THE 283RD HEAVY FIELD ARTILLERY UNIT. -
Current and Projected Elderly Populations in the Countries of East
1 Current and Projected Elderly Populations in the Countries of East Asia: Implications for Eldercare Dudley L. Poston, Jr. Texas A&M University College Station, Texas, USA Introduction For the past couple of centuries, the world has been experiencing the greatest demographic upheaval in recorded human history. The first fully modern human, Homo sapiens sapiens, emerged in northern Tanzania in sub-Saharan Africa around 190,000 years ago, where they reached anatomical modernity. But we hardly grew at all in size for the first 189,700 years. We only numbered around 250 million people at the time of Christ. We did not reach 1 billion until 1800 (see Figure 1). Now, in 2017, the population of the world numbers over 7.5 billion. What happened in the past 200 or so years that has resulted in our growing from 1 billion to 7.5 billion? Why was growth so slow for the first 189,800 years? **Figure 1 about here** If we go back in time to around 65,000 BC, the world population then was estimated to number between 400 thousand and 500 thousand people. For thousands of years, the world grew very slowly. About 35,000 BC, the world population numbered around 4 million. By about 8000 BC, it was around 6 million. About this time, give or take a thousand years, the first Agricultural Revolution got underway. With settled agriculture and the domestication of animals, it was possible to support a denser population. There were long periods of stationary growth, that is, no growth, until around the time of Christ, when the world’s population numbered around 250 million (Biraben, 2003). -
Living in Korea
A Guide for International Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science Living in Korea A Guide for International Scientists at the Institute for Basic Science Contents ⅠOverview Chapter 1: IBS 1. The Institute for Basic Science 12 2. Centers and Affiliated Organizations 13 2.1 HQ Centers 13 2.1.1 Pioneer Research Centers 13 2.2 Campus Centers 13 2.3 Extramural Centers 13 2.4 Rare Isotope Science Project 13 2.5 National Institute for Mathematical Sciences 13 2.6 Location of IBS Centers 14 3. Career Path 15 4. Recruitment Procedure 16 Chapter 2: Visas and Immigration 1. Overview of Immigration 18 2. Visa Types 18 3. Applying for a Visa Outside of Korea 22 4. Alien Registration Card 23 5. Immigration Offices 27 5.1 Immigration Locations 27 Chapter 3: Korean Language 1. Historical Perspective 28 2. Hangul 28 2.1 Plain Consonants 29 2.2 Tense Consonants 30 2.3 Aspirated Consonants 30 2.4 Simple Vowels 30 2.5 Plus Y Vowels 30 2.6 Vowel Combinations 31 3. Romanizations 31 3.1 Vowels 32 3.2 Consonants 32 3.2.1 Special Phonetic Changes 33 3.3 Name Standards 34 4. Hanja 34 5. Konglish 35 6. Korean Language Classes 38 6.1 University Programs 38 6.2 Korean Immigration and Integration Program 39 6.3 Self-study 39 7. Certification 40 ⅡLiving in Korea Chapter 1: Housing 1. Measurement Standards 44 2. Types of Accommodations 45 2.1 Apartments/Flats 45 2.2 Officetels 46 2.3 Villas 46 2.4 Studio Apartments 46 2.5 Dormitories 47 2.6 Rooftop Room 47 3. -
In the Late 1960S North Korean Incursions Along the DMZ Threatened to Reignite the Long Dormant Korean War by Mike Coppock
In the late 1960s North Korean incursions along the DMZ threatened to reignite the long dormant Korean War By Mike Coppock North Korean soldiers stage a battle drill in the late 1960s, the same period their nation sent infiltrators across the DMZ into in South Korea. 33 A South Korean soldier moves forward during a firefight in Vietnam. Opposite: It was South Korea’s willingness to contribute forces to the war in Vietnam that prompted U.S. President Lyndon Johnson’s 1966 thank-you visit to Seoul. he cheering Korean crowds were enough to stop any man in his tracks—even the president of the United States. South Korea was the final layover on Lyndon Johnson’s 17-day, seven-nation tour of Asia in the fall of 1966, and he had come primarily to thank President Park Chung-hee for having committed 45,000 Korean troops to the Vietnam War effort. Johnson’s motorcade through the streets of Seoul drew an estimated 2 million spectators, with crowds 30 people deep lining the entire route. A few individuals were reportedly trampled as onlookers waved T U.S. and South Korean flags alongside homemade banners welcoming the “Texas cowboy” and wife “Bluebird” to Seoul. Ever the politician, Johnson had his driver stop the open car several times so he could shake hands with spectators en route to Seoul’s City Hall. There he gave a speech commending the people on having rebuilt their nation since the 1950–53 Korean War and proffered his thanks for joining the fight in Vietnam. Lyndon and Lady Bird then attended a state dinner in their honor followed by a program of tradi- tional Korean folk songs and dances. -
Exploring Requirements for Effective Deterrence of Interstate Aggression
What Deters and Why Exploring Requirements for Effective Deterrence of Interstate Aggression Michael J. Mazarr, Arthur Chan, Alyssa Demus, Bryan Frederick, Alireza Nader, Stephanie Pezard, Julia A. Thompson, Elina Treyger C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2451 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0064-2 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2018 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: Three ROK soldiers watching the border at Panmunjeom in the DMZ between North and South Korea/Henrik Ishihara via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This report documents research and analysis conducted as part of a project enti- tled What Deters and Why: Lessons of Deterrence Theory and Practice for U.S. -
Willow House Times
Willow House Times Issue 38 Cuyahoga Heights Historical Committee November 2015 Village Soldiers - Korean Conflict Inside this issue: Willow House Times 1 Village Soldiers - 1 Korean Conflict Korean Conflict Timeline 2 Pictured above: Lidio M. Angiocchi; Robert T. Angiocchi & Carl Casavecchia We have no pictures of Victor Duber & Dean T. James who were also in the Korean Conflict Timeline 3 service. There may be others that we have no information on that served during the Korean Conflict. The committee would appreciate information & pictures of any Did You Know? 4 village soldiers for our Kennedy House display & the village archives. Historical Committee 4 Meetings 4 Cuyahoga Heights Historical Archives Kennedy House 4651 E 71st Street Home of Historical Committee & Korean War Memorial - Washington D.C. Boy Scouts The 19 stainless steel statues were sculpted by Frank Gaylord of Barre, VT and cast by Tallix Foundries of Beacon, NY. They are approximately seven feet tall and represent Caucasian, Afro-American, Hispanic, Native American & Asian-Americans, a cross section of America. The advance party has 14 Army, 3 Marine, 1 Navy and 1 Air Force members. The statues stand in patches of Juniper bushes and are separated by polished granite strips, which give a semblance of order and symbolize the rice paddies of Korea. The troops wear ponchos covering their weapons and equipment. The ponchos seem to blow in the cold winds of Korea. PAGE 2 WILLOW HOUSE TIMES Korean Conflict Timeline 1894-1895: Sino-Japanese War February 1904: Russo-Japanese War begins September 1905: Treaty of Portsmouth (ends Russo-Japanese War) 1905: Japan makes Korea a protectorate 1910: Japan makes Korea a formal colony. -
The Ocean of Zen
TThhee OOcceeaann ooff ZZeenn 金金 風風 禪禪 宗宗 Page 1 Page 2 The Ocean of Zen A Practice Guide to Korean Sŏn Buddhism Paul W. Lynch, JDPSN First Edition Before Thought Publications Los Angeles and Mumbai 2006 Page 3 BEFORE THOUGHT PUBLICATIONS 3939 LONG BEACH BLVD LONG BEACH, CA 90807 http://www.goldenwindzen.org/books ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. COPYRIGHT © 2008 PAUL LYNCH, JDPSN NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, GRAPHIC, ELECTRONIC, OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, TAPING OR BY ANY INFORMATION STORAGE OR RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT THE PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY LULU INCORPORATION, MORRISVILLE, NC, USA COVER PRINTED ON LAMINATED 100# ULTRA GLOSS COVER STOCK, DIGITAL COLOR SILK - C2S, 90 BRIGHT BOOK CONTENT PRINTED ON 24/60# CREAM TEXT, 90 GSM PAPER, USING 12 PT. GARAMOND FONT Page 4 Epigraph Twenty-Seventh Case of the Blue Cliff Record A monk asked Chán Master Yúnmén Wényǎn1, “How is it when the tree withers and the leaves fall?” Master Yúnmén replied; “Body exposed in the golden wind.” Page 5 Page 6 Dedication This book is dedicated to our Dharma Brother – Glenn Horiuchi, pŏpsa–nim – who left this earthly realm before finishing the great work of life and death. We are confident that he will return to finish the great work he started. Page 7 Page 8 Foreword There is considerable underlying confusion for Western Zen students who begin to study the tremendous wealth of Asian knowledge that has been translated into English from China, Korea, Vietnam and Japan over the last seventy years. -
The Dmz Tour Course Guidebook
THE DMZ TOUR COURSE GUIDEBOOK From the DMZ to the PLZ (Peace and Life Zone) According to the Korean Armistice Agreement of 1953, the cease-fire line was established from the mouth of Imjingang River in the west to Goseong, Gangwon-do in the east. The DMZ refers to a demilitarized zone where no military army or weaponry is permitted, 2km away from the truce line on each side of the border. • Establishment of the demilitarized zone along the 248km-long (on land) and 200km-long (in the west sea) ceasefire line • In terms of land area, it accounts for 0.5% (907km2) of the total land area of the Korean Peninsula The PLZ refers to the border area including the DMZ. Yeoncheon- gun (Gyeonggi-do), Paju-si, Gimpo-si, Ongjin-gun and Ganghwa-gun (Incheon-si), Cheorwon-gun (Gangwon-do), Hwacheon-gun, Yanggu- gun, Inje-gun and Goseong-gun all belong to the PLZ. It is expected that tourist attractions, preservation of the ecosystem and national unification will be realized here in the PLZ under the theme of “Peace and Life.” The Road to Peace and Life THE DMZ TOUR COURSE GUIDEBOOK The DMZ Tour Course Section 7 Section 6 Section 5 Section 4 Section 3 Section 2 Section 1 DMZ DMZ DMZ Goseong Civilian Controlled Line Civilian Controlled Line Cheorwon DMZ Yanggu Yeoncheon Hwacheon Inje Civilian Controlled Line Paju DMZ Ganghwa Gimpo Prologue 06 Section 1 A trail from the East Sea to the mountain peak in the west 12 Goseong•Inje 100km Goseong Unification Observatory → Hwajinpo Lake → Jinburyeong Peak → Hyangrobong Peak → Manhae Village → Peace & Life Hill Section 2 A place where traces of war and present-day life coexist 24 Yanggu 60km War Memoria → The 4th Infiltration Tunnel → Eulji Observatory → Mt.