International Research Journal of Management Science & Technology ISSN 2250 – 1959(0nline) 2348 – 9367 (Print) An Internationally Indexed Peer Reviewed & Refereed Journal Shri Param Hans Education & Research Foundation Trust www.IRJMST.com www.SPHERT.org Published by iSaRa Solutions IRJMST Vol 8 Issue 6 [Year 2017] ISSN 2250 – 1959 (0nline) 2348 – 9367 (Print) A brief History of ECL (Raniganj, Asansal, Jhanjrabelt) and its impact on local economy, education and society.(From 1774 – Present Day) Binay Laha Independent Scholar Contact : 8407035982 e-mail ; [email protected] A History of Raniganj Coal Field (ECL) and its economy impact on economy and educational society. From – 1774-2018 Finding something is greater, specially in the cases of Natural Resources like coal, steel, iron, baxite etc. Coal is one of the important resource in West Bengal. Mainly it is prevalent in Raniganj, Asansol in the District of Paschim Bardhaman, West bengal, India. John Summer and Suctouius Grand Healty found coal in this area, specially in Salanpur Hardly 25km away from Durgapur, the one of the industrially experiened town of West Bengal Interestingly suctonius Grant Healty was a judge of the British Cast India Company his mother was marry Nee Grand. He is one of the sister was the mother of a historian whose name was a cartographer. Interestingly heatly was closer to lord cormwalis who introduced premanent settlement in India During British Period. Though Kautilya had mentiond mining in India around 400 B.C.K but he hard not mentioned coal but related to previous stores and metals. On the other hand J. Homfray was a manager of a Narayan Kuri Colliery and wrote a detailing of coal field of Raniganj. Healty and sumner planned to set up nearabout six mines in that area. They have requested warren Hasting, the then governor general. That an exclusive right be granted to us for eighteen years of working coal mines and selling coal in Bengal and its dependencies, so long as we can engage to Furnish as much pit coal as ever the Government may bespeak of us for their consumption at the market price of the time, when wanted. A proposal of 20% royalty will be given to the company. Was taken Company had been manipulated by giving a ground that the Europeans would be offered job in the coal mine. Both Healthy ad sumner got Red Ferne as a business partner. So primarily it was a private partnership job. While the Final testing for the coal was done in calcutta the research proves the coal of Raniganj areaproduce 50% less heat than the coal in England. Heatly died in the year 1793 at the time when cornwalis was in peak to introduce Chiefly santals and Bauris were recomended for mining workers. Present Status :- This Raniganj coal Field area covers Raniganj Pandaveswar, Kajora, Jhanjra, Bankola, Kenda, Sonepur, Kunustomia, Satgram, Sripur, Sodepur, Salanpur. It Produces – 33.90 million tones. Annual Turnover – 12, 076.17 crore (Us . 8 billion) Profit before Tax – Rs. 1,897,18 Crore (US 290 million) International Research Journal of Management Science & Technology http://www.irjmst.com Page 355 IRJMST Vol 8 Issue 6 [Year 2017] ISSN 2250 – 1959 (0nline) 2348 – 9367 (Print) Manpower – 72,973 Number of Operating mines – 98 Number of Underground mines – 77 Number of opencast mines – 21 All non-coking mines were nationalized. 1975 Eastern Coal field limited came a private sector once it become Nationalized production improved a lot besides Raniganj Coal Field area has a typical non-coking coal which is having less than 20% as hes. 19 million pnines waws from Underground mines or the other hard the rest was from manual mining. Total mining was 21 million tones during nationalization of ECL Performance Level of ECL is given below when in 2013-13 Coal Pruducton : 33.93 M.Te Coal off take : 35.50 M.Tc Ob Removal : 76.53 M.Cum Anual Turnover : Rs. 12076 Cr. (Highest fireke inception) Profit : Rs. 1,656.54 Cr. PBT : 1897.18 Cr. Welfare activities by ECL / Raniganj Area. 23 different schemes have been taken in various coal Field areas which cover a total population of 5,33,587. Same way in 2012-13 ECL completed 4136 quarter while target was 4500 etc. In 2013 A 10 bedded hospital has been constructed. This was inaugnated by Sri Rakesh Singh CMD ECL on 22 March 2013. DAV School (CBSE) has been set up at Pandeveswar which is nereabout 15 km away from Jhangra Colliery. Bansra Ragional Hospital ad Mugma Regional Hospital are getting regular doctors from kunostoria ad CH Kalla, The electric supply in the Raniganj Collering belt s much better than other parts of Pashchim Bardhman district. Apart from this Bidhan Chandra Pratibadhi Karma Kendra was set up at Khandra which is not too far way to connect the busiest NH 2 at Andal to Provide Artificial limb, pros the sis Arm Coutchesk, tri- cycles, wheel chirs and hearing aids, prostihesis spetacles etc. ECL did take a lot more initiative to set up deep tube wells, digging of ponds, making community halls or sometimes they contribute a good number of money to different religious organisation to bring a peceful environment and to reach to people. Same times colloery like Jhangra gives a great amount of money to different villages to set up skhara for Joydev Mala at Kendra billead village which is the birth place of great poet Joydeva who wrote Gitagovinda. Apart from these welfare activities somtimes coal mines at Raniganj areas do fall a problem of forest clearance, Rehabilitation ad resetlement policy, packing of sand in might time. As a result of unsafe mearure some villages sometimes remain at stake. Landside IS BN – 978-93-5207 Like situation cocate. In between 2000-2001 a major damage phappend in between Laudoha More (Near One two collicmy, popularly known as MIC) to sirsa village. Near about 5 feet bed soil went down which is still today visible. The government report kmay hot have some risk factor that is arround coal mines. In near about all lcollicrics of ECI do have an illegal business of selling coal to coal Mafias with the support of coal officers local thanas or sometimes by the support of the local political leaders. They sometimes become a twing of thrent for the common people. Looteras around the areas are desperrate to keep weapons with them. Sometimes the news kof death of those Mafias become the International Research Journal of Management Science & Technology http://www.irjmst.com Page 356 IRJMST Vol 8 Issue 6 [Year 2017] ISSN 2250 – 1959 (0nline) 2348 – 9367 (Print) blade of fear for the villagers. The normaley brcaks down people in the early evening can not come back from their business or job to their home safely. Raniganj coal mines has got positive growth of 14.6 tune over 2016 powered support longwall started in Jhangra colliery in October 2016. Coal and Education :- Coal and Iron become an integral joint venture for education up gradation in Durgapur Asansol development zone. The entire region is industrially sound. Wear about 100 km from the Rajbandh indian Oil Tank to Durgapur Project Limited, Allow Steel Plant them Durgapur Steel Plant to NTPC Andal to Raniganj Colliery belt to J.K. Nagar colliery to Asansol to burnpur Steel city to the bank of River Borakar may be considered as one of the best Industrial Zone of West Bengal as well as of India. This special economic Zone has directly effected the education system. A Lot number of English medium Schools, Colleges, engineering colleges, University, Research Centre, have been built up to Fulfill the essential requirement of life. 70 years back the seenario was not like today. After Independence every places in this colliery belt is well connected through road, transport, railway system An outcome of thes economic zone is Andal Airport which is not 30 km far away from lither Durgapur as Raniganj or Asansol. Students arround West bengal and from other states of India do come to get education in this education belt. In Raniganj the most important degree college Trivendevi Bhalotia college (1957) affiliated to calcutta university then to (Burdwan University) 1960 then 24th June 2015 under Kazi Nazrul University, Banwarilal Bhalotia College since 1944 spreds education to this area. In starts its classes with only 132 students. Eastern Railway has contibuted towards establishment of this college. Durgapur which is adjacent to the Raniganj Coal Field area is the second planned city of India after chandigarh. Durgapur was planned by Joseph Allars stein ad Bengamini pold in 1955. It is a hub of Industry and Education all the major industries of Durgapur are depended directly or indirectly on ECL from where coal are sent without interruption. Coal was area of the reaserch to setup heavey Industry like steel in Durgapur the stone throuing distance inbetween coal and steel plant as in favour to run lit smoothly. This economic zone has became a zone for cosmopolitanism the essence of being Indian is found every where in this between people from different orgin, caste, language live together. The living standard of the collieny quartered belt have invited parrallel economy so far as the pay structure in this Navratna company of India Government is concerned. Ecology and Minning :- Coal minning affects air, soild, water on the other hand the atmospheric pollution of Raniganj Belt releases a ton of solid products annully like Fog ash (most dangerous for eyes), botton ash, morccry, arsenic and other heavy metals tool. The workers of the coal mines are directly effected because of going down deep to the colliery,. Some death news have been found to be reputed leakage of some unknown gaseous element do affect the minor.