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TAFSIR AL-QUR'an, Attr. to `Abdulläh B. `Abbas (D.68/668)

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TAFSIR AL-QUR'an, Attr. to `Abdulläh B. `Abbas (D.68/668) 6ýM91ý1ý161WUý6800646564 'f TAFSIR AL-QUR'AN, attr. to `Abdulläh b. `Abbas (d.68/668) [A commentaryon the Sürat a1-Fätihaand Sürat al-Baqara] AnalyticalStudy and Edition Atefa Okeh Supervisor:Dr M. Izzi Dien Submitedto the University Of Wales in fulfillment of the'requirementsfor the Degree of Doctor in Philosophy University of Wales, Lampeter 2008 BEST COPY AVAILABLE Variable print quality Dedication This work is dedicatedto: The pure spirit of my late parents who impressed on me the importance of seeking knowledge.Also, to my dear husbandwho has supported and guided me throughout this work. Finally to all my brothers,sisters, children and to all the Scholars. Acknowledgment All my appreciation and thanks are due, firstly, to Almighty God, who has aided me and granted me success in completing this work; were it not for His help in making me firm and giving me patience it would not have been possible. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to my supervisor Dr Izzi Dien for his constant guidance, patience and encouragement during the writing of this thesis. Dr Abbas Tawfeeq I thank for his generous advice and assistance. Thanks to my brother Mustapha Sheikh for reading and editing the translation. I would like to express my thanks to the Jordanian University Library and the Library of Markaz Jum `a al-Mäjid, Dubai, for their assistance in obtaining copies of manuscripts and supporting me with the necessary references. I thank also Dr Kadhem al-Rawi for allowing use of the Library of the European Institute of Human Sciences and finally the secretaries of the Islamic department of the University of Wales. Lampeter. Declaration This work has not previously been accepted in substance forany degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature forany degree. Signed: Date: This thesis is the result of my own investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed: Date: I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available forphotocopying and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access approved by University of Wales on the special recommendation of the University concerned. Signed: Date: IV Transliteration Arabic Symbol Arabic Symbol A T B Z T -= Th Gh I 1 " F H L3 Q Kh K D L Dh M R N Z H S J W Sh Y S D ShortVowels: -u -a -i Long Vowels: J ü s i V Contents II Dedication ............................................................................................ Acknowledgment.................................................................................... III IV Declaration .......................................................................................... V Transliteration ...................................................................................... Contents VI ............................................................................................. IX Abstract ............................................................................................... Introduction 1 .......................................................................................... '.N fethodoIo-, 6 v .......................................................................................... Chapter I: Ibn `Abbas, his life, knowledge 16 works and ..................................... I. I. Biography 16 ............................................................................. I. I. I. His & Pedigree 16 name .............................................................. 1.1.2.His Birth 17 ................................................................................ 1.1.3.His death 19 ............................................................................ 1.2. Ibn `Abbas' Intellectual, Social Political Life 20 and ........................... 1.2.1.His Intellectual Social Position 20 and ............................................. 1.2.2.His 23 patience.......................................................................... 1.2.3.His Jihäd 23 .............................................................................. 1.2.4.His 26 teachersand students......................................................... 1.2.5.Ibn `Abbas' Status in Hadith Jurisprudence 28 and ............................... 1.2.6.Ibn `Abbas' in 30 status exegesis..................................................... 1.2.7. Factors that led to widening his knowledge, particularly in 36 exegesis..................................................................................... 1.3. The by Ibn `Abbas 41 exegetical sources relied upon ............................ Ibn 'Abbas' reliance on exegesisby transmission (tafsir bi al- ma'thür): 1.3.1. Exegesis of the Qur'an by the Qur'an (Tafsir al-Qur'an bi al- Our'an) 42 _ ...................................................................................... 1.3.2.Exegesis the Qur'an by Prophetic Tradition (sunna) 43 of ......................... 1.3.3The Degree to Which the Prophet Commentating the Qur'an 48 on ............ 1.3.4.The tafsir the Companions 51 of .................................................... .. 1.3.5.Tafsir Successors(Täbi'inn) 54 of the ................................................ 1.3.6.The features during the first Hijra.......... 57 main of exegesis century after . 1.:. 7. His reliance on language in explaining obscure (gharib) words in the Qur'an he 59 and whether would use poetry as evidence.......................................... 1.3.8. Ibn `Abbas' opinion regarding the arabicised words (al-Mu'arrabät) and the languages(al-Lughät) the Qur'än 74 of ................................................ 1.3.9.Ibn `Abbas' Judeo-Christian 77 view on narrations .............................. VI 1.3.10.Tafsir by Ijtihäd Istinbäl 83 and .................................................... Conclusion........... 1.4. The style (uslüb) of Ibn IAbbäs as deduced from the Classical Commentaries 88 ............................................................................. 1.4.1.Did Ibn `Abbas interpret the Qur'än? 88 whole ............................................... 1.42. Did Ibn `Abbas dictate Tafsrr? 91 write or a complete .................................... 1.4.3.Did Ibn `Abbas attach importance to verbatim transmissionsof Prophetic Narrativesin his instead, 95 commentary,or suffice with paraphrasing?.................. 1.4.4.Did Ibn `Abbas give importance to explaining stories of the ancients in the Qur'än? 100 ................................................................................................................ 1.4.5.Did Ibn `Abbas discuss abrogating and abrogatedverses (al-Näsikh wa a! - %fansükh)? 104 ............................................................................................................ 1.4.6.Did Ibn `Abbas attach importance to the `Occasionsof revelation' (Asbäb ':, ül)? 105 a1. ............................................................................................................. 1.4.7.The the Qur'an Ibn `Abbas' tafs 109 variant readingsof and r ................... 1.4.8.Ibn `Abbas' treatment legal issues(abkam Jghiyya) 111 of ...................... 1.4.9. Did Ibn `Abbas give importance to the explanation of the 1jäz Baldghl (Inimitable the Qur'än? 113 rhetoric) of .................................................................... Conclusion 116 ................................................................................ Chapter II: Al-Kalb!: his life, knowledge 118 work and ....................................... 2.1. Who is 118 al-Kalbi? .......................................................................................... 2.2. The the Muslim him 119 opinion of scholars concerning ......... ............ 2.3. Reasonsfor leveled 122 the accusations against al-Kalbi ........................ 2.4. Is Ibn'Abbäs' 128 al-Kalbi one of narrators? ................................................ 2.5. What is the this 132 the opinion of scholars regarding sanad?...................... 2.6. Is 133 the exegesisa work of al-Kalbi9 ............................................................ 2.7. Comparison between the text and the reports from al-Kalbi recorded in Tafsir, history 138 and asbäb al-nuzill ..................................................... 2.8. A comparison between the text and the print (Tanwtr a!- 114bäs) 147 ..................................................................................... Conclusion 148 ................................................................................ Chapter III. Analytical Study 149 of the edited text ............................................ 3.1 The the text 149 exegetical methodology of edited ................................ 3.1.1.The the text 151 commentarysources of edited ................................... 3.1.1.1.Tafsir the Qur'än by the Qur'än 151 of ........................................... 3.1.1.2.His tafs to the Prophetic Tradition (Sunna) 152 usageof r according ........ 3.1.1.3The edited text dependenceon poetry and languagewhen commentatingon the the Qur'än 155 ghan-bof .................................................................. 3.1.1.4. The edited text's stance on the mu`arrabät and the lughät of the Qur' än 156 ...................................................................................... 3.1.1.5His Judeo-Christiantraditions 161 stanceon ..................................... Conclusion...... 162 ........................................................................... 3.1.2.The text's 164 edited style ..........................................................
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