When Is Open Access Not Open Access?
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The Realized Benefits from Bioprospecting in the Wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Washington University St. Louis: Open Scholarship Washington University Journal of Law & Policy Volume 47 Intellectual Property: From Biodiversity to Technical Standards 2015 The Realized Benefits from Bioprospecting in the Wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity James S. Miller Missouri Botanical Garden Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_journal_law_policy Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Environmental Law Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation James S. Miller, The Realized Benefits from Bioprospecting in the Wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 47 WASH. U. J. L. & POL’Y 051 (2015), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_journal_law_policy/vol47/iss1/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Journal of Law & Policy by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Realized Benefits from Bioprospecting in the Wake of the Convention on Biological Diversity James S. Miller MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN In the mid-1980s, the convergence of several technological advances led to a serious resurgence of interest in surveying plant species for drug development. The emergence of methods to miniaturize in-vitro bioassays (a test used to quantify the biological effect of a chemical compound or extract against a specific disease target) run the bioassays with robotic equipment, and isolate and identify active compounds with a speed and precision never before possible. -
MACQUARIE --'-- University (-\ SVDN EV
, , ^>L. \^^\. Open Access Guide Information Last Jul 26, 2015 Guide Index Updated: O en Access at Mac uarie Universi Whatis O en Access? Guide htt inib uides. in .edu. au/O en Access URL: O en Access Resources ^!^ mac uane universi Tags researchonline, Contact Us 9. ^S. RSS: Subscribe to U dates via RSS Open Access at Macquarie University I This guide is brought to you by: . MACQUARIE --'-- University (-\ SVDN EV . AUSTRALIA Mac uarie Universit ResearchOnline I - . I Open Access @ Macquarie University ' Mac uarie Universit ResearchOnline is Macquarie University's open access digital collection. I It is designed to promote globalIy, preserve locally and provide open access to the research and scholarly output I of Macquarie University's staff, students and affiliates. I To find out more about ResearchOnline please see the links below: . Copyrightlnformation htl://WWW. researchonline. in .edu. au/vital/access/inaria er/Co ri ht \.-) Contributing to Macquarie University ResearchOnline Macquarie University ResearchOnline is designed to show case the research and scholarly outputs of the I University. Staff, students and affiliates of the University are invited to contribute their research publications and , works to the repository. The Collection Develo merit Guidelines provides guidelines on the material which is I eligible for inclusion within the repository. I Depositing Your Work I To deposit your work please: . Consult the Collection Management Policy prior to depositing. ; . Email your request to deposit and send a copy of your publication to repository staff at researchonline in edu. au I . Provide any information that you may have about the copyright permissions associated with your work, e. -
From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2019 From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication Rob Johnson Research Consulting Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, Scholarly Communication Commons, and the Scholarly Publishing Commons Johnson, Rob, "From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of Scholarly Communication" (2019). Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.. 157. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom/157 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Insights – 32, 2019 Plan S and the future of scholarly communication | Rob Johnson From coalition to commons: Plan S and the future of scholarly communication The announcement of Plan S in September 2018 triggered a wide-ranging debate over how best to accelerate the shift to open access. The Plan’s ten principles represent a call for the creation of an intellectual commons, to be brought into being through collective action by funders and managed through regulated market mechanisms. As it gathers both momentum and critics, the coalition must grapple with questions of equity, efficiency and sustainability. The work of Elinor Ostrom has shown that successful management of the commons frequently relies on polycentricity and adaptive governance. The Plan S principles must therefore function as an overarching framework within which local actors retain some autonomy, and should remain open to amendment as the scholarly communication landscape evolves. -
A Critique of John Stuart Mill Chris Daly
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Honors Theses University Honors Program 5-2002 The Boundaries of Liberalism in a Global Era: A Critique of John Stuart Mill Chris Daly Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/uhp_theses Recommended Citation Daly, Chris, "The Boundaries of Liberalism in a Global Era: A Critique of John Stuart Mill" (2002). Honors Theses. Paper 131. This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the University Honors Program at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. r The Boundaries of Liberalism in a Global Era: A Critique of John Stuart Mill Chris Daly May 8, 2002 r ABSTRACT The following study exanunes three works of John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, Utilitarianism, and Three Essays on Religion, and their subsequent effects on liberalism. Comparing the notion on individual freedom espoused in On Liberty to the notion of the social welfare in Utilitarianism, this analysis posits that it is impossible for a political philosophy to have two ultimate ends. Thus, Mill's liberalism is inherently flawed. As this philosophy was the foundation of Mill's progressive vision for humanity that he discusses in his Three Essays on Religion, this vision becomes paradoxical as well. Contending that the neo-liberalist global economic order is the contemporary parallel for Mill's religion of humanity, this work further demonstrates how these philosophical flaws have spread to infect the core of globalization in the 21 st century as well as their implications for future international relations. -
Open Access Publishing
Open Access The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Suber, Peter. 2012. Open access. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. [Updates and Supplements: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/hoap/ Open_Access_(the_book)] Published Version http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/open-access Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10752204 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA OPEN ACCESS The MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series Information and the Modern Corporation, James Cortada Intellectual Property Strategy, John Palfrey Open Access, Peter Suber OPEN ACCESS PETER SUBER TheMIT Press | Cambridge, Massachusetts | London, England © 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology This work is licensed under the Creative Commons licenses noted below. To view a copy of these licenses, visit creativecommons.org. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. This book incorporates certain materials previously published under a CC-BY license and copyright in those underlying materials is owned by SPARC. Those materials remain under the CC-BY license. Effective June 15, 2013, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. -
EUROMED 2012-Book
113 OPEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC RESULTS AND DATA. EUROPEAN UNION’S EFFORTS THROUGH OPENAIRE AND OPENAIREPLUS FP7 PROJECTS: CYPRIOT PARTICIPATION F.Ch. Tsimpoglou a, V.V. Koukounidou* a, L.A. Prokopiou a a University of Cyprus Library, 75 Kallipoleos Str. P.O. Box 20537 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus (tsimpoglou.filippos, sylviek, prokopiou.louis)@ucy.ac.cy KEY WORDS: Open access, OpenAIRE, OpenAIREplus, Scientific results, Data, EU, Seventh (7th) Framework Programme, European projects, Repositories, Cultural Heritage, Europeana, Public Sector Information (PSI) directive, Orphan works directive, European Commision ABSTRACT: The paper presents the introduction of Open Access movement in the Academic environment,pros and cons of the adoption of OA by Universities and how the European Union is enforcing the use of Open Access. The ways of implementing OA, the policies of publishers and journals regarding the deposits of publications and the RoMEO and Juliet projects are also referred in an effort to give an overview of the conditions in exploiting Open Access, either as authors, publishers or end users. The adoption of the Berlin declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities by the Senate of the University of Cyprus is commented in the paper. Furthermore an analysis of the projects OpenAIRE and OpenAIREplus in which the University of Cyprus Library is involved is provided. 1. OPEN ACCESS their e-journals to library-friendly organizations (F). 1.1 The way to Open Access – a short overview - Encourage colleagues to consider and to discuss these or other options (F). The pricing of journals over the last few decades has been leading to a decline in the availability of academic research - Sign contracts that unbundle subscriptions and concentrate on results. -
Publisher Correction: Pairwise Library Screen Systematically Interrogates Staphylococcus Aureus Cas9 Specificity in Human Cells
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06029-z OPEN Publisher Correction: Pairwise library screen systematically interrogates Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 specificity in human cells Josh Tycko 1,5, Luis A. Barrera1,6, Nicholas C. Huston1,7, Ari E. Friedland1, Xuebing Wu2, Jonathan S. Gootenberg 3, Omar O. Abudayyeh4, Vic E. Myer1, Christopher J. Wilson 1 & Patrick D. Hsu1,8 Correction to: Nature Communications; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05391-2; published online 27 July 2018 The original HTML version of this Article incorrectly listed an affiliation of Josh Tycko as ‘Department of Genetics, Stanford 1234567890():,; University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA’, instead of the correct ‘Present address: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA’. It also incorrectly listed an affiliation of this author as ‘Present address: Arrakis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Dr., Waltham, MA, 02451, USA’. The original HTML version incorrectly listed an affiliation of Luis A. Barrera as ‘Present address: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA’, instead of the correct ‘Present address: Arrakis Therapeutics, 35 Gatehouse Dr., Waltham, MA 02451, USA’. Finally, the original HTML version incorrectly omitted an affiliation of Nicholas C. Huston: ‘Present address: Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA’. This has been corrected in the HTML version of the Article. The PDF version was correct from the time of publication. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. -
The Serials Crisis and Open Access: a White Paper for the Virginia Tech Commission on Research
The Serials Crisis and Open Access A White Paper for the Virginia Tech Commission on Research Philip Young University Libraries Virginia Tech December 2, 2009 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. 1 Introduction This white paper offers an introduction to open access as well as a look at its current development. The open access movement is an attempt to free scholarly communication from restrictions on access, control, and cost, and to enable benefits such as data mining and increased citations. Open access has gained significant momentum through mandates from research funders and universities. While open access can be provided in parallel with traditional publishing, it is increasingly available as a publishing option. While open access is approached here from the problem of subscription inflation, it is important to recognize that open access is not merely a library issue, but affects the availability of research to current and future students and scholars. The Serials Crisis The phrase “serials crisis” has been in use for more than a decade as shorthand for the rise in costs for academic journals and the inability of libraries to bring these costs under control. Price inflation for academic journals significantly exceeds the consumer price index (see graph, next page). The most recent data show that journal prices increased at an average rate of 8% in 2007.1 Because journal subscriptions are a large part of the collections budget at academic libraries, any reduction in funding usually results in a loss of some journals. And the high rate of annual inflation means that academic library budgets must increase every year simply to keep the same resources that students and faculty need. -
Will Sci-Hub Kill the Open Access Citation Advantage and (At Least for Now) Save Toll Access Journals?
Will Sci-Hub Kill the Open Access Citation Advantage and (at least for now) Save Toll Access Journals? David W. Lewis October 2016 © 2016 David W. Lewis. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Introduction It is a generally accepted fact that open access journal articles enjoy a citation advantage.1 This citation advantage results from the fact that open access journal articles are available to everyone in the word with an Internet collection. Thus, anyone with an interest in the work can find it and use it easily with no out-of-pocket cost. This use leads to citations. Articles in toll access journals on the other hand, are locked behind paywalls and are only available to those associated with institutions who can afford the subscription costs, or who are willing and able to purchase individual articles for $30 or more. There has always been some slippage in the toll access journal system because of informal sharing of articles. Authors will usually send copies of their work to those who ask and sometime post them on their websites even when this is not allowable under publisher’s agreements. Stevan Harnad and his colleagues proposed making this type of author sharing a standard semi-automated feature for closed articles in institutional repositories.2 The hashtag #ICanHazPDF can be used to broadcast a request for an article that an individual does not have access to.3 Increasingly, toll access articles are required by funder mandates to be made publically available, though usually after an embargo period. -
8 the Prospects of Open Access Repositories
Prepublication copy submitted to Facet Publishing 16 September 2013 8 The Prospects of Open Access Repositories Karen Calhoun Cornell University Library (retired) [email protected] Note: This is a preprint of a chapter whose final and definitive form was co-published in Exploring Digital Libraries: Foundations, Practice, Prospects by Facet Publishing (2014) and ALA Neal-Schuman (2014). Overview This chapter focuses on the potential of open access repositories for having a distinctive positive impact on scholarship and, more broadly, on their prospects for increasing the social and economic value of digital libraries. In addition to extending chapter 4’s discussion of open access repositories into new territory, it relates the frameworks presented in chapters 6 and 7 to this particular type of digital library. Topics include subject-based and institutional repositories and their value; issues around recruiting repository content, including deposit mandates; legal frameworks, copyright and open access; discipline-specific norms, practices and reward systems; the discoverability of scholarly content; sustainability of repositories; e-research data management; and prospects for the emergence of a global ecosystem of repositories. Successful subject-based repositories The most successful subject-based repositories have grown organically around the scholarly communities they serve (see the examples in chapters 2, 4, 6 and 7), and they are woven into the way their disciplines communicate. As Erway (2012) notes in her review of several thriving -
Open Access, Open Education and Open Data
IFMSA Policy Proposal OpenAccess, OpenEducation and OpenData Proposed by Team of Officials Presented to the IFMSA General Assembly August Meeting 2017 in Arusha, Tanzania Policy Commission • Eleanor Parkhill, Medsin-UK, [email protected] • Kim van Daalen, IFMSA-The-Netherlands, ifmsa-the- [email protected] • Alexander Lachapelle, Liaison Officer for Medical Education issues, IFMSA, [email protected] Policy Statement Introduction Scholarly material is essential for research and education. Committing to making high value scientific knowledge accessible to researchers, scientists, entrepreneurs, and policy makers worldwide is a major step towards better health outcomes for all. Yet, cost barriers or use restrictions often prevent health professionals worldwide - and scientists from all areas - from engaging or consulting the very materials that report scientific discovery. Over the past decade, Open Access, Open Education & Open data have become central to advancing the interests of researchers, scholars, students, businesses and the public. Yet, while consulting academic journals, students face limited access to published research output, data and papers because of very high fees. The high cost of academic journals restricts the use of knowledge. A vast amount of research is funded from public sources – yet taxpayers are locked out by the cost of access. IFMSA Position The International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA) firmly believes in the importance of openness across all published research outputs (including among others, all online research output, peer-review and non-peer-reviewed academic journal articles, conference papers, theses, book chapters, monographs). Thereby IFMSA believes in the ability of openness to improve the educational experience, democratize access to research and education, advance research and education, and improve the visibility and impact of scholarship. -
PLOS Biology Open Research: Protocols in PLOS ONE
COVID-19, Open Research, Trust and Transparency Niamh O’Connor │ March 2021 …is a nonprofit, Open Access publisher empowering researchers to accelerate progress in science and medicine by leading a transformation in research communication. We propelled the movement for OA alternatives to subscription journals. We established the first multi-disciplinary publication inclusive of all research regardless of novelty or impact. And we demonstrated the importance of open data availability. All articles across our journals are published under CC BY licence. From Open Access to Open Science How do we co-create a system that’s open for everyone? From Open Access to Open Research “Openness enables researchers to address entirely new questions and work across national and disciplinary boundaries.” NASEM Report, Open Science by Design, 2018 The chain, whereby new scientific discoveries are built on previously established results, can only work optimally if all research results are made openly available to the scientific community.’ Schiltz M (2018), PLoS Biol 16(9): e3000031. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000031 Open research increases trust https://www.pewresearch.org/f act-tank/2019/10/04/most- americans-are-wary-of- industry-funded-research/ Copyright 2019 Pew Research Center Trends: impact of the early months of the pandemic April 2020 theplosblog.plos.org/2020/04/learning-how-we-can-support-researchers-during-covid-19/ Open Research: Pre-prints Note: 2018 figures are from May; 2021 is to mid-February; Percentages are of those articles