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Transnational Social Fields of Ethiopian Migrants in Turkey

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Transnational Social Fields of Ethiopian Migrants in Turkey Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL FIELDS OF ETHIOPIAN MIGRANTS IN TURKEY Mohammed Ali MUSA Doctoral Thesis Ankara, 2019 TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL FIELDS OF ETHIOPIAN MIGRANTS IN TURKEY Mohammed Ali MUSA Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of Anthropology Doctoral Thesis Ankara, 2019 ACCEPTANCE AND APPROVAL YAYIMLAMA VE FİKRİ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI BEYANI Enstitü tarafından onaylanan lisansüstü tezimin tamamını veya herhangi bir kısmını, basılı (kağıt) ve elektronik formatta arşivleme ve aşağıda verilen koşullarla kullanıma açma iznini Hacettepe Üniversitesine verdiğimi bildiririm. Bu izinle Üniversiteye verilen kullanım hakları dışındaki tüm fikri mülkiyet haklarım bende kalacak, tezimin tamamının ya da bir bölümünün gelecekteki çalışmalarda (makale, kitap, lisans ve patent vb.) kullanım hakları bana ait olacaktır. Tezin kendi orijinal çalışmam olduğunu, başkalarının haklarını ihlal etmediğimi ve tezimin tek yetkili sahibi olduğumu beyan ve taahhüt ederim. Tezimde yer alan telif hakkı bulunan ve sahiplerinden yazılı izin alınarak kullanılması zorunlu metinleri yazılı izin alınarak kullandığımı ve istenildiğinde suretlerini Üniversiteye teslim etmeyi taahhüt ederim. Yükseköğretim Kurulu tarafından yayınlanan “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” kapsamında tezim aşağıda belirtilen koşullar haricince YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi / H.Ü. Kütüphaneleri Açık Erişim Sisteminde erişime açılır. o Enstitü / Fakülte yönetim kurulu kararı ile tezimin erişime açılması mezuniyet tarihimden itibaren 2 yıl ertelenmiştir. (1) o Enstitü / Fakülte yönetim kurulunun gerekçeli kararı ile tezimin erişime açılması mezuniyet tarihimden itibaren ….. ay ertelenmiştir. (2) o Tezimle ilgili gizlilik kararı verilmiştir. (3) ……/………/…… Mohammed Ali MUSA 1 “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” (1) Madde 6. 1. Lisansüstü tezle ilgili patent başvurusu yapılması veya patent alma sürecinin devam etmesi durumunda, tez danışmanının önerisi ve enstitü anabilim dalının uygun görüşü üzerine enstitü veya fakülte yönetim kurulu iki yıl süre ile tezin erişime açılmasının ertelenmesine karar verebilir. (2) Madde 6. 2. Yeni teknik, materyal ve metotların kullanıldığı, henüz makaleye dönüşmemiş veya patent gibi yöntemlerle korunmamış ve internetten paylaşılması durumunda 3. şahıslara veya kurumlara haksız kazanç imkanı oluşturabilecek bilgi ve bulguları içeren tezler hakkında tez danışmanının önerisi ve enstitü anabilim dalının uygun görüşü üzerine enstitü veya fakülte yönetim kurulunun gerekçeli kararı ile altı ayı aşmamak üzere tezin erişime açılması engellenebilir. (3) Madde 7. 1. Ulusal çıkarları veya güvenliği ilgilendiren, emniyet, istihbarat, savunma ve güvenlik, sağlık vb. konulara ilişkin lisansüstü tezlerle ilgili gizlilik kararı, tezin yapıldığı kurum tarafından verilir *. Kurum ve kuruluşlarla yapılan işbirliği protokolü çerçevesinde hazırlanan lisansüstü tezlere ilişkin gizlilik kararı ise, ilgili kurum ve kuruluşun önerisi ile enstitü veya fakültenin uygun görüşü üzerine üniversite yönetim kurulu tarafından verilir. Gizlilik kararı verilen tezler Yükseköğretim Kuruluna bildirilir. Madde 7.2. Gizlilik kararı verilen tezler gizlilik süresince enstitü veya fakülte tarafından gizlilik kuralları çerçevesinde muhafaza edilir, gizlilik kararının kaldırılması halinde Tez Otomasyon Sistemine yüklenir. * Tez danışmanının önerisi ve enstitü anabilim dalının uygun görüşü üzerine enstitü veya fakülte yönetim kurulu tarafından karar verilir. ETİK BEYAN Bu çalışmadaki bütün bilgi ve belgeleri akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde ettiğimi, görsel, işitsel ve yazılı tüm bilgi ve sonuçları bilimsel ahlak kurallarına uygun olarak sunduğumu, kullandığım verilerde herhangi bir tahrifat yapmadığımı, yararlandığım kaynaklara bilimsel normlara uygun olarak atıfta bulunduğumu, tezimin kaynak gösterilen durumlar dışında özgün olduğunu, Tez Danışmanının Prof. Dr. Serpil EROĞLU ÇELEBİ danışmanlığında tarafımdan üretildiğini ve Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tez Yazım Yönergesine göre yazıldığını beyan ederim. ……/………/…… Mohammed Ali MUSA DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my family, friends and Ethiopian migrants ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The journey to PhD is a long process through which students learn more about the world by engaging themselves in a thorough scientific research and coming up with their world views. In other words, PhD is the most enriching phase in the lives of students who engaged in it. But, it is also full of challenges, be academic, emotional, social, financial, and health hurdles, that affect the student’s journey to the envisioned destination. In the journey, I experienced stress, illness, suffered from homesickness, got married and have got a daughter. Although I found it so tough and demanding in my life, I benefited a lot along the journey. After a period of five years since I joined anthropology department at Hacettepe University and a period of three years since I engaged in the process of this research, today is the right day to thank those who backed me up in my PhD study in general and this thesis in particular. Going through the course of my research, I must say, these years have had immense reverberations on me and have been enormously valuable to me in terms of personal and academic development. This research would not have been possible without the support of many people, including the research participants, my advisor, thesis supervision committee, staff of anthropology department at Hacettepe University & sociology department at the Middle East Technical University, my family and friends, who rendered me their unreserved support over the last six years of my stay in Turkey both as a student and student researcher. I am hereby expressly indebted to my research participants who have offered me the necessary information for my research; they spent their precious time with me, opened up their doors and shared their lived experiences. During my fieldwork in Ankara, Istanbul and Addis Ababa, I was hosted by the research participants and my friends. They helped me not only obtaining valuable information for my research but also they made my times packed with happiness. I am highly grateful to my supervisors Prof. Dr. Şebnem Pala Güzel, Prof. Dr. Yılmaz Selim Erdal, Prof. Dr. Serpil Eroglu Çelebi, Prof. Dr. Murat Erdoğan. As members of my thesis committee, they provided me indispensable advice and direction throughout the research process. Thank you for your keen and thoughtful comments and critical questions which have helped me successfully accomplish my thesis. My especial gratitude goes to Prof. Dr Güzel with whom I had frequent discussions in her office at Başkent University where she challenged my thinking and helped me see things from sundry perspectives. She taught me important lessons more than what I could express here; she repeatedly read my research drafts and gave me constructive comments and corrections that were of great importance to enrich my research. Beyond face to face communication, I was in close contact with her via emails and phone calls. I would like to say thank you for your motivation, enthusiasm, and guidance. Prof. Erdal and Prof. Çelebi, the former and the present heads of anthropology department respectively, have always been supportive of my work and have advised me to thoroughly engage in my research and invigorated me to pursue my PhD. Had it not been for the help of Prof. Erdal, I would not have continued my study in anthropology. As an international student, I moved to Turkey in 2013 to pursue my PhD in anthropology at Ankara University, but as the department had no enough number of professors (five and above), I could not continue in anthropology. As per the advice of the scholarship provider, I joined sociology department and started taking preparatory courses in the same university. But, I was not happy not only taking preparatory courses but also joining sociology department as I was more interested in anthropology than in sociology. As luck would have it, I went to Hacettepe University and explained my concern to the then head of anthropology department, Prof. Dr Erdal who helped me get admitted as anthropology student. Prof. Erdal, I would like to thank you for helping me achieve my dream of becoming an anthropology student and ultimately an anthropologist. I must also be grateful to my teachers Prof. Dr Şebnem Pala Güzel, Prof. Dr Metin Özbek and Dr Elif Başak Aksoy at Hacettepe University, and Prof. Dr Ayşe Saktanber, Prof. Dr Besim Can Zırh, Prof. Dr Sibel Kalayycıoğlu and Prof. Dr Smita Tewari Jassal at the Middle East Technical University. Their lectures, the numerous reading materials they gave us (to their students) every week, the review and reflection papers we wrote, as well as the research undertakings we carried out in partial fulfilment of the requirements for courses, provided me a good opportunity to broaden my knowledge of anthropology in particular and social sciences in general. Particularly, Prof. Zırh’s course Anthropology of Migration and Transnationality has been very helpful to my research. I am run out of words to express my gratitude to my parents, my father Sheh Ali Musa and my mother Zewditu Abegaz. From my early age to the present, Sheh Ali Musa has been my inspiration as he has always pushed me to be awake and engrossed in my work, as well as he encouraged
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