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Elam and Persia 00-Elam_Persia.book Page i Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Elam and Persia 00-Elam_Persia.book Page ii Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM 00-Elam_Persia.book Page iii Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Elam and Persia Edited by Javier Álvarez-Mon and Mark B. Garrison Winona Lake, Indiana Eisenbrauns 2011 00-Elam_Persia.book Page iv Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM ç Copyright 2011 by Eisenbrauns. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. www.eisenbrauns.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Elam and Persia / edited by Javier Álvarez-Mon and Mark B. Garrison p. cm. Includes papers from a meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research, held in Philadelphia, Pa., 2003. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-57506-166-5 (hbk. : alk. paper) 1. Elam—Civilization—Congresses. 2. Elam—Antiquities—Congresses. 3. Philology—Elam—History—Congresses. 4. Art, Elamite—History— Congresses. 5. Fars (Iran)—Civilization—Congresses. 7. Philology—Iran— Fars—Congresses. 8. Art, Iranian—Iran—Fars—History—Congresses. 9. Elam—Relations—Iran—Fars—Congresses. 10. Fars (Iran)—Relations— Elam—Congresses. I. Álvarez-Mon, Javier. II. Garrison, Mark B. III. American Schools of Oriental Research. Meeting (2003 : Philadelphia, Pa.) DS65.E43 2010 935—dc22 2010035003 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. †‘ 00-Elam_Persia.book Page v Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Contents Preface . vii Contributors to Elam and Persia . viii Abbreviations . xiii References . xviii Introduction . 1 Javier Álvarez-Mon, Mark B. Garrison, and David Stronach Part 1 Archaeology A Note on the Limits of Ansan . 35 D. T. Potts Landscapes of Death in Susiana During the Last Half of the 2nd Millennium b.c. 45 Elizabeth Carter Part 2 Texts Elamite as Administrative Language: From Susa to Persepolis . 61 Gian Pietro Basello Parnakka’s Feast: sip in Parsa and Elam . 89 Wouter F. M. Henkelman Elamitas Frente a Persas: el Reino Independiente de Ansan . 167 Enrique Quintana Iranians in Neo-Elamite Texts . 191 Jan Tavernier Darius, l’héritier légitime, et les premiers Achéménides . 263 François Vallat Parsumas, Ansan, and Cyrus . 285 Matt Waters Part 3 Images The Golden Griffin from Arjan . 299 Javier Álvarez-Mon v 00-Elam_Persia.book Page vi Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM vi Contents The Seal of “Kuras the Anzanite, Son of Sespes” (Teispes), PFS 93*: Susa – Ansan – Persepolis . 375 Mark B. Garrison New Evidence for Mannean Art: An Assessment of Three Glazed Tiles from Qalaichi (Izirtu) . 407 Y. Hassanzadeh and H. Mollasalehi Elam in the Imperial Imagination: From Nineveh to Persepolis . 419 Margaret Cool Root Court Dress and Riding Dress at Persepolis: New Approaches to Old Questions . 475 David Stronach Postscript: The Legacy of Elam . 489 Javier Álvarez-Mon and Mark B. Garrison 00-Elam_Persia.book Page vii Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Preface The efforts of many individuals have made this book possible. Its conception goes back to the 2003 meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research that took place in Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania, where two sessions were dedicated to the rich cultural heritage of ancient Iran; it was also the first time that Iranian archeology was represented at ASOR since the Ira- nian Revolution. The intent of the sessions was to evaluate various aspects of the relationships between Elam of the late Neo-Elamite period and early Achaemenid Persia. The individuals who presented papers at those sessions were Javier Álvarez-Mon, Elizabeth Carter, Mark B. Garrison, D. T. Potts, Margaret Cool Root, and Matt Waters. With the exception of Álvarez- Mon, the topics of the presentations at the conference are the same as published in their papers in this volume. The following individuals also graciously accepted invitations to contribute to this volume: Gian Pietro Basello, Wouter F. M. Henkelman, Enrique Quintana Cifuentes, Jan Tavernier, François Vallat, Y. Hassanzadeh, H. Mollasalehi, and David Stronach. Elam and Persia is a compilation of the work of fourteen international scholars with a wide range of expertise. In this context, the book is organized into three separate sections based on philological, archaeological, and art-historical evidence. A common thread running through these analyses is the nature and significance of the relationship between “Elamite” culture of the late Neo-Elamite period (post Assyrian conquest ca. 647 b.c.) in Elam and the emerging “Persian” culture in Fars (late 7th and 6th centuries b.c.). As always, the editorial process of compiling multiple articles, some of which have been translated from their original languages, and bringing the final publication to press has taken more time than expected. The original manuscripts were submitted to the publisher in October 2007. Authors re- ceived proofs in May 2010. In order to get the volume to press as soon as possible, authors were asked in May 2010 to keep additions to their texts and bibliographies to a minimum. The ed- itors wish to express their thanks to the contributors for their patience during the period be- tween submission and publication, their willingness to forego extensive revisions to their texts, and the speed with which they attended to the proofs. This project certainly would not have been possible without the support and nurture of relatives, friends, and colleagues. We would like, in particular, to mention the continuing encouragement and professional guidance of Jim Eisenbraun. The editors have not imposed uniformity of transcription of ancient personal and place names. Each individual author has employed a style of his/her own preference. At Trinity University the editors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Ellen Dooley, Kelly Grajeda, and Sarah Gretsch. This volume is dedicated to Pierre Amiet, whose rich contributions on the culture of an- cient Elam have served as a constant source of inspiration for the editors. vii 00-Elam_Persia.book Page viii Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Contributors to Elam and Persia Javier Álvarez-Mon Javier Álvarez-Mon, a native of Spain, holds degrees in art history, religion, and Near East- ern art and archaeology from the École du Louvre (Paris), the Graduate Theological Union and Jesuit School of Theology (Berkeley), and the University of California at Berkeley. His primary research interest concentrates on the ancient Iranian civilizations of Elam and early Achaeme- nid Persia. As a 2003 Fulbright-Hays scholar, he compiled a digital catalogue of Elamite antiq- uities held in museums and storage units scattered throughout southwest Iran, the National Museum of Iran (Tehran), and the Louvre Museum (Paris). This catalogue comprises a large percentage of original materials, including those that are the focus of his doctoral dissertation, now published as The Arjan Tomb: At the Crossroads of the Elamite and the Persian Empires (Leu- ven, 2010). Along with the use of traditional methods of analysis, he is interested in fostering the role of modern, digital-based technologies to facilitate the study and preservation of the cultural heritage of ancient Iran. He is currently Lecturer in Near Eastern Archaeology at the University of Sydney (Australia). Gian Pietro Basello Gian Pietro Basello is research fellow at the Department of Asian Studies of “L’Orientale” University of Naples. He teaches Elamite civilization as adjunct professor at the University of Bologna in Ravenna. Since 2003, he has been working at the Italian and Iranian joint Project DARIOSH (Digital Achaemenid Royal Inscription Open Schema Hypertext). His primary re- search interests are the Neo-Elamite and Achaemenid sources. His research has focused also on ancient calendars and systems for counting and recording time. The address of his Web site is <www.elamit.net>. Elizabeth Carter Elizabeth Carter is Professor of Near Eastern Archaeology and Musa Sabi Term Chair of Ira- nian Studies (2009–2014) in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Cultures at UCLA. She began her career working on the Elamites and carried out excavations in Susa (Ex- cavations in the Ville Royale at Susa: The Third Millennium b.c. Occupation; Cahiers de la déléga- tion archéologique française en Iran 11; Paris, 1980) and Anshan (Malyan) (Excavations at Tal-e Malyan, Iran: The Middle Elamite Period; University Museum Monograph no. 75; Philadelphia, 1996). She maintains an active research interest in the social and cultural history of Elam (Elam: Surveys of Political History and Archaeology; University of California Near Eastern Studies Series 24; Berkeley, 1984, with Matthew W. Stolper) although her fieldwork has been in southeastern Turkey since 1989. The paper in Elam and Persia stems from an interest in the archaeology of death in the Ancient Near East. viii 00-Elam_Persia.book Page ix Friday, December 10, 2010 4:54 PM Contributors to Elam and Persia ix Enrique Quintana Cifuentes Enrique Quintana Cifuentes is Letrado de la Administración del Estado y Adjunto de los Servicios jurídicos del Estado en Murcia (Spain). His academic background allowed him to specialize in the study of Sumerian, Akkadian, Elamite, and Egyptian languages. He is a mem- ber of the Spanish Oriental Association, the Spanish Egyptology Association, and a regular col- laborator with the Instituto del Próximo Oriente (IPOA) at the University of Murcia. One of his primary interests is the advancement of the study of Elamite culture and language. In addi- tion to directing the website of the IPOA, dedicated to the dissemination of textual documen- tation of Elam, he is the author of numerous publications, in particular, two volumes in the collection Estudios Orientales published by the University of Murcia: Historia de Elam: El vecino mesopotámico (no. 1); Textos y fuentes para el estudio de Elam (no. 4). In the same series, two works are currently in press: La lengua elamita: Introducción a las lenguas muertas del Próximo Oriente An- tiguo; Historia General de Mesopotamia.
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