Utrpení Rudolfa Berana
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Operation Anthropoid
Operation Anthropoid The most significant resistance action of World War II Jindra Svitáková Based on the trilogy Life to Some – Death to Others By Jaroslav Čvančara U k á z k a k n i h y z i n t e r n e t o v é h o k n i h k u p e c t v í w w w . k o s m a s . c z , U I D : K O S 2 3 5 3 0 8 © Jindra Svitáková, Jaroslav Čvančara, 2017 © Translation Dagmar Johnson-Šišková, 2017 © Centrum české historie, 2017 Copying of the text or any use of or quoting from the text from this book is fully allowed, provided that the source and the name of the author are clearly stated. Any use of the photographic material and documentation is subject to prior consultation with the author. ISBN 978-80-88162-14-4 ISBN 978-80-88162-13-1 (PDF) ISBN 978-80-88162-18-6 (angl. vyd.) ISBN 978-80-88162-19-3 (angl. vyd. PDF) Ukázka knihy z internetového knihkupectví www.kosmas.cz Operation Anthropoid The most significant resistance action of World War II Jindra Svitáková Based on the trilogy Life to Some – Death to Others By Jaroslav Čvančara U k á z k a k n i h y z i n t e r n e t o v é h o k n i h k u p e c t v í w w w . k o s m a s . c z , U I D : K O S 2 3 5 3 0 8 “It is my final decision to destroy Czechoslovakia by military action in the near future.” (Adolf Hitler, 30 May 1938) Map of the annexed republic 938 brought bad news to the citizens of Czechoslovakia 1from the very start. -
The Catholic Church in the Czech Lands During the Nazi
STUDIA HUMANITATIS JOURNAL, 2021, 1 (1), pp. 192-208 ISSN: 2792-3967 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53701/shj.v1i1.22 Artículo / Article THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE CZECH LANDS DURING THE NAZI OCCUPATION IN 1939–1945 AND AFTER1 LA IGLESIA CATÓLICA EN LOS TERRITORIOS CHECOS DURANTE LA OCUPACIÓN NAZI ENTRE LOS AÑOS 1939–1945 Y DESPUÉS Marek Smid Charles University, Czech Republic ORCID: 0000-0001-8613-8673 [email protected] | Abstract | This study addresses the religious persecution in the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia and Czech Silesia) during World War II, when these territories were part of the Bohemian and Moravian Protectorate being occupied by Nazi Germany. Its aim is to demonstrate how the Catholic Church, its hierarchy and its priests acted as relevant patriots who did not hesitate to stand up to the occupying forces and express their rejection of their procedures. Both the domestic Catholic camp and the ties abroad towards the Holy See and its representation will be analysed. There will also be presented the personalities of priests, who became the victims of the Nazi rampage in the Czech lands at the end of the study. The basic method consists of a descriptive analysis that takes into account the comparative approach of the spiritual life before and after the occupation. Furthermore, the analytical-synthetic method will be used, combined with the subsequent interpretation of the findings. An additional method, not always easy to apply, is hermeneutics, i.e., the interpretation of socio-historical phenomena in an effort to reveal the uniqueness of the analysed texts and sources and emphasize their singularity in the cultural and spiritual development of Czech Church history in the first half of the 20th century. -
Politický Systém Druhé Republiky a Čeští Fašisté Bc
Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta filozofická Diplomová práce Politický systém druhé republiky a čeští fašisté Bc. Ondřej Sýkora Plzeň 2019 Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta filozofická Katedra historických věd Studijní pro gram Historické vědy Studijní obor Moderní dějiny Bakalářská práce Politický systém druhé republiky a čeští fašisté Bc. Ondřej Sýkora Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Jaroslav Valkoun, Ph.D. Katedra historických věd Fakulta filozofická Západočeské uni verzity v Plzni Plzeň 2019 Rád bych poděkoval PhDr. Jaroslavu Valkounovi, Ph.D. za věcné připomínky a odborné rady, které mi poskytl při zpracování mé bakalářské práce. Prohlašuji, že jsem práci zpracoval samostatně a použil jen uvedených pramenů a literatury. Plzeň, duben 2019 ……………………… Obsah 1 Úvod ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 1 2 Vznik Československa a první fašistické organizace ................................ ............... 5 3 Cesta k Mnichovu ................................ ................................ ................................ 11 4 Druhá republika ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 18 4.1 Strana národní jednoty ................................ ................................ ................... 22 4.2 Národní strana práce ................................ ................................ ...................... 26 5 Budování autoritativního státu ................................ ............................... -
Analýza Vývoje KDU-ČSL Na České Politické Scéně
PRÁVNICKÁ FAKULTA MASARYKOVY UNIVERZITY Obor Právo a finance Katedra ústavního práva a politologie BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Analýza vývoje KDU-ČSL na české politické scéně Tomáš Nečas, DiS. 2011 „Prohlašuji, ţe jsem bakalářskou práci na téma: Analýza politického vývoje KDU-ČSL na české politické scéně zpracoval sám. Veškeré prameny a zdroje informací, které jsem pouţil k sepsání této práce, byly citovány v poznámkách pod čarou a jsou uvedeny v seznamu pouţitých pramenů a literatury“. V Brně dne 3. dubna 2011 ------------------------------------- Poděkování: Děkuji vedoucímu práce doc. JUDr. Jiřímu Kroupovi CSc. za velmi uţitečnou metodickou pomoc, odborné vedení, cenné rady a připomínky, které mi poskytl při zpracování této práce. Obsah Úvod .................................................................................................................................. 7 1 Historie Československé strany lidové v letech 1918 -1989 .................................... 8 1.1 ČSL v letech 1918 – 1938 .................................................................................. 8 1.1.1 Vznik Československé strany lidové .......................................................... 8 1.1.2 Program ....................................................................................................... 8 1.1.3 Účast ve vládách ....................................................................................... 10 1.1.4 Volební výsledky ...................................................................................... 12 1.1.5 Zhodnocení období -
Europa's Bane Ethnic Conflict and Economics on the Czechoslovak Path from Nationalism to Communism, 1848-1948 Mathias Fuelling Utah State University
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-2016 Europa's Bane Ethnic Conflict and Economics on the Czechoslovak Path From Nationalism to Communism, 1848-1948 Mathias Fuelling Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Fuelling, Mathias, "Europa's Bane Ethnic Conflict and Economics on the Czechoslovak Path From Nationalism to Communism, 1848-1948" (2016). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 4724. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4724 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EUROPA’S BANE ETHNIC CONFLICT AND ECONOMICS ON THE CZECHOSLOVAK PATH FROM NATIONALISM TO COMMUNISM, 1848-1948 by Mathias Fuelling A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in History Approved: ________________ Tammy Proctor __________________ Major Professor Jonathan Brunstedt Committee Member ______________ ________________ Tammy Proctor Evelyn Funda Committee Member Committee Member __________________________________ Dr. Mark McLellan Vice President for Research and Director of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2016 ii Copyright © Mathias Fuelling 2016 All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Europa’s Bane Ethnic Conflict and Economics on the Czechoslovak Path from Nationalism to Communism, 1848-1948 by Mathias J. Fuelling, Master of Arts Utah State University, 2016 Major Professor: Dr. Tammy Proctor Department: History Nationalism has appropriately been a much studied, as well disparaged, phenomenon. -
Central Europe During WW II
Jana Hrabcova Germany the Third Reich – Adolf Hitler as a Führer (Leader) – all the power centralized in his hands, nazism, Gestapo (secret police – Heinrich Himmler) – persecuting of Jews, liberals, Socialist, and Communist opposition – concentrations camps, propaganda (Minister Joseph Goebbels), economical prosperity again – preparations for the war, in 1935 – Germany began to re-arm, 1936 – remilitarization of Rhineland, axis with Italy and later also with Japan … attack on Poland in September 1939, attack on France in spring 1940, autumn 1940 – the battle of Britain, June 1942 – operation Barbarossa – attack on USSR – from September 1942 to February 1943 – the battle of Stalingrad – crucial point of the war, the Soviets won and launched great offensive 1944 – crisis of Nazi regime January 1945 – Germans stopped by French and American troops at western front Europe under Nazi domination Austria after Anschluss in March 1938 (Fall Otto) Austria became a part of German territory in April a plebiscite that confirmed annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany Hungary territorial gains – from Czechoslovakia, Rumania and Yugoslavia hungarian nazism 1940 - joined Axis Berlin – Rome – Tokyo Participated on the invasions of Yugoslavia and of the Soviet Union Poland October 1938: annexation of Zaolzie, Górna Orawa, Jaworzyna from Czechoslovakia March 31, 1939: military guarantees from United Kingdom and France August 23, 1939: non-aggression pact between Soviet Union and Germany: Ribbentrop-Molotow Pact with a secret military alliance protocol targeting Poland September 1 – October 6, 1939: Invasion of Poland Poland attacked by Nazi Germany without declaring war on Poland 17th September – USSR attacked Poland and occupied eastern part of Poland so called New Partition of Poland – western part under German Reich, central part – General Gouvernement (with the capital city of Krakow) – the head Hans Frank, eastern part – occupied by USSR many concentration camps in Poland – Auschwitz, Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka .. -
Proquest Dissertations
u Ottawa L'Universit6 canadienne Canada's university FACULTE DES ETUDES SUPERIEURES 1= FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND ET POSTOCTORALES u Ottawa POSDOCTORAL STUDIES L'University eaiiadienne Canada's university Juraj Hocman AUTEUR DE LA THESE / AUTHOR OF THESIS Ph.D. (History) GRADE/DEGREE Department of History FACULTE, ECOLE, DEPARTEMENT / FACULTY, SCHOOL, DEPARTMENT Slovakia from the Downfall of Communism to its Accession into the European Union, 1989-2004: The Re-Emergence of Political Parties and Democratic Institutions TITRE DE LA THESE / TITLE OF THESIS Mark Stolarik DIRECTEUR (DIRECTRICE) DE LA THESE / THESIS SUPERVISOR CO-DIRECTEUR (CO-DIRECTRICE) DE LA THESE/THESIS CO-SUPERVISOR Carol Skalnik Leff (University of Eda Kranakis Illinois) Sylvie Perrier Vasilis Vourkoutiotis Gary W. Slater Le Doyen de la Faculte des etudes superieures et postdoctorales / Dean of the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies SLOVAKIA FROM THE DOWNFALL OF COMMUNISM TO ITS ACCESSION INTO Ti|E EUROPEAN UNION, 1989-2004: THE RE-EMERGENCE OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS by JURAJ HOCMAN Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. in History Faculty of Arts Department of History University of Ottawa © Juraj Hocman, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2010 Library and Archives Bibliothgque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'6dition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada -
Jewish Question" 1939-1941
The Protectorate Government and the "Jewish Question" 1939-1941 Livia Rothkirchen Prior to the end of the war, while still in exile in London, Jaromír Smutný, chef de cabinet of President Dr. Eduard Beneš, already dwelt on the issue of "collaboration." In 1943, he wrote: "The problem of Hácha is as specific as are similar problems of Pétain, Laval, Darlan and other politicians." At the same time, he advised that the judgment should be left to a later date, when these issues could be examined in a broader context and "without passion." 1 Indeed, while the case of Emil Hácha, the Protectorate state president, is described in the historiography as "clear-cut collaboration," the stance of General Alois Eliáš, the premier of the Czech government, remains one of the most intriguing riddles in the history of World War II.2 His unique policy of retardation and "double game," as well his tragic fate are without parallel during the war. Eliáš was the only prime minister to be tried by the Nazis for high treason and executed. The American scholar Stanley Hoffmann, in his perceptive analysis "Self Ensnared, Collaboration with Nazi Germany,"3 discussing the stance of the wartime Vichy government, has come to some overriding conclusions. He distinguishes between two types of collaboration: (1) "State collaboration," i.e., safeguarding interests in interstate relationships between the defeated state and the victor; and (2) collaborationism with the Nazis, in an openly willful cooperation and imitation of the German regime [which in effect meant voluntary activity], either in a drive for career 1 This is a revised and expanded version of a paper delivered at an international conference in Ostrava in 1994; see "Motivy a zámĕr protektorátní vlády v řešení židovské otázky," in Ludmila Nesládková, ed., Nisko 1939/1940; The Case Nisko in the History of the Final Solution of the Jewish Problem," Proceedings, International Academic Conference (Nisko 1939/1940) (Ostrava: Facultas Philosophica Universitatis Ostraviensis, 1995), pp. -
Prezident, Premiér, Ministr”: Vztahy Hradu, Kramářovy Vily a Černínského Paláce Na Poli Zahraniční Politiky V Letech 1935 - 1938
”Prezident, premiér, ministr”: Vztahy Hradu, Kramářovy vily a Černínského paláce na poli zahraniční politiky v letech 1935 - 1938 Diplomová práce Studijní program: N7105 – Historické vědy Studijní obor: 7105T021 – Historie Autor práce: Bc. Daniel Kalenda Vedoucí práce: prof. PhDr. Jan Rychlík, DrSc. Liberec 2016 Prohlášení Byl jsem seznámen s tím, že na mou diplomovou práci se plně vzta- huje zákon č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, zejména § 60 – školní dílo. Beru na vědomí, že Technická univerzita v Liberci (TUL) nezasahuje do mých autorských práv užitím mé diplomové práce pro vnitřní potřebu TUL. Užiji-li diplomovou práci nebo poskytnu-li licenci k jejímu využití, jsem si vědom povinnosti informovat o této skutečnosti TUL; v tom- to případě má TUL právo ode mne požadovat úhradu nákladů, které vynaložila na vytvoření díla, až do jejich skutečné výše. Diplomovou práci jsem vypracoval samostatně s použitím uvedené literatury a na základě konzultací s vedoucím mé diplomové práce a konzultantem. Současně čestně prohlašuji, že tištěná verze práce se shoduje s elek- tronickou verzí, vloženou do IS STAG. Datum: Podpis: PODĚKOVÁNÍ Rád bych poděkoval především vedoucímu práce, prof. PhDr. Janu Rychlíkovi, DrSc., Dr. h. c., za cenné rady, vstřícnost a trpělivost. Díky jeho erudici pro obor moderních dějin jsem během studia a v průběhu psaní diplomové práce nabyl vědomosti, které jsem mohl v této práci zuţitkovat a vyuţít je v další historické práci v oboru moderních dějin, zejména pak v období První republiky, kterými se nadále chci zabývat. Dále bych rád poděkoval všem pracovníkům Archivu Kanceláře prezidenta republiky, Archivu Ministerstva zahraničních věcí České republiky, Archivu Národního muzea v Praze, Archivu Masarykova ústavu Akademie věd České republiky za ochotu a umoţnění badatelské činnosti a zpracovaní archivních materiálů. -
Politický Systém ČR: Historie a Současnost
Slezská univerzita v Opavě, Fakulta veřejných politik v Opavě Ústav veřejné správy a regionální politiky Studijní opora Politický systém ČR: historie a současnost Dušan Janák, Petr Hušek, Lubomír Hlavienka Tato studijní opora vznikla v rámci realizace projektu ISIP 2015 „ELP – kombinovaná forma navazujícího magisterského studia předmětů typu B“. Tato studijní opora vznikla v rámci realizace projektu ISIP 2015 „Profilace a inovace předmětů typu A v rámci navazujícího magisterského studijního programu Veřejná správa a sociální politika“. Opava, 2015 Slezská univerzita v Opavě, Fakulta veřejných politik v Opavě Ústav veřejné správy a regionální politiky Cíle předmětu (získané vědomosti a dovednosti) Odborné znalosti Studenti získají ucelený přehled o historickém vývoji politického systému Československé republiky (1918–1938 a 1945–1960), Česko–Slovenské republiky (1938–1939), Protektorátu Čechy a Morava (1939–1945), Československé socialistické republiky (1960–1990), Československé federativní republiky a České a Slovenské federativní republiky (1990–1993) a soudobé České republiky. Budou schopni se orientovat v proměně politických institucí, v genezi politických stran a v analýze a reflexi zásadních proměn politického systému v historickém kontextu. Důraz bude kladen na zásadní mezinárodní události ovlivňující vnitřní politiku politického systému, na vývoj organizovaných zájmů, státní správy a územní samosprávy. Odborné dovednosti Absolventi předmětu jsou schopni získané odborné znalosti, v historické i politologické dimenzi, aplikovat na jednotlivé problémy a dílčí atributy uvedených politických systémů v příslušných časových úsecích s důrazem na chronologickou posloupnost a politicko- ekonomicko-sociální kulturu. Obeznámeni s klíčovými reáliemi československé a české politiky jsou schopni aplikovat klasické politické teorie, jak na československou a českou politiku 20. století, tak i na současný politický systém České republiky. -
Cebtral Europe During the Interwar Period
Jana Skerlova During the WW I – exile Polish National Comittee – Roman Dmowski – the spokesman for Polish nationalism in the Allied camp After german victory on the Eastern front the Russian-ruled territory of Poland was occupied by German troops – The Kingdom of Poland consisting of German, Austrian and Russian part of Poland was established in 1916 – German puppet state – Mitteleuropa scheme More than 1 000 000 of Poles died during the WW I December 1918 – The Greater Poland Uprising – against Germany, with the centre in the city of Poznan, succesfull the Treaty of Versailles granted a reconstituted Poland the area won by the Polish uprising plus some additional territory, most of which had been part of Poland before the partitions (from the end of 18th century) the Republic of Poland was reestablished in 1918 he independence of Poland was one of the war goals of the Allies (it was mentioned in President Wilson’s Fourteen Points) The western Polish borders and the borders in Baltic area were ratified by the Treaty of Versailles while the eastern and southern borders were not. Republic of Poland and its neighboring states after WW 1. 27 milion of inhabitants in 1921 (35 milion in 1939) Multinational country - one third of its population were national minorities • Ukrainians – 14 % • Jews – 10 % (by 1931 Poland had the biggest Jewish population in the world – over 3 milion people) • Belarusians – 3 % • Germans – 2 % • Others (Czechs, Lithuanians, Russians) – 3 % 1919 – the first elections to the Sejm (parliament) 1921 – the March Constitution The Republic of Poland was a parliamentary democracy form 1919 till 1926 Main political parties – National Democrats, Peasant Parties, Christian Democrats Several regional conflicts with neigboring states – border disputes: Polish- Lithuanian War – spring 1919 – November 1920 • April 1919 – Poland captured Vilnius • 1922 – annexation of Vilnius (Vilno) Region from Lithuania • The dispute over Vilnius remained one of the biggest foreign policy issues in Lithuania and Poland. -
The Limits of U.S.-Czechoslovak Relations from Munich to War
America, An Aloof Friend The Limits of U.S.-Czechoslovak Relations from Munich to War By Connor Schonta A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Liberty University 2018 Table of Contents Introduction – 1 Chapter One: “Realization” – 20 Chapter Two: “Consolidation” – 56 Chapter Three: “Occupation” – 99 Chapter Four: “Documentation” – 130 Conclusion – 174 Bibliography – 184 Introduction “There are times when Europe can seem alarmingly big, and two people alarmingly small.”1 It was fall 1938. George F. Kennan, a diplomat at the American legation in Prague, was moving into a new apartment with his wife, Annelise. Europe was at a crossroads, mostly because Adolf Hitler, chancellor of Germany, was snatching up territories he felt belonged to the Reich. He had already gotten Austria, and he now wanted parts of Czechoslovakia. Consequently, Prague, Czechoslovakia’s capital city, became the center of the world’s attention, as chaos and war threatened to swallow central Europe whole. The United States, though having a diplomatic presence in Czechoslovakia, made sure to stay out of Europe’s newest crisis. The administration of President Franklin Roosevelt was intent on remaining neutral to a European imbroglio. Thus, Kennan and his wife, along with all the other Americans working in Prague, could only watch the events transpire, contemplating their relative smallness in light of Europe’s big—immense—problems. Such feelings—that is, one’s smallness in the face of Europe’s sheer complexity—would continue to figure prominently into America’s relationship with Czechoslovakia over the next eleven months, and altogether, they aptly represent the peculiarities of U.S.-Czechoslovak diplomacy in the year leading up to World War II.