Uma Perspectiva Macroecológica Sobre O Risco De Extinção Em Mamíferos
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Mammalia, Cervidae) During the Middle Holocene in the Cave of Bizmoune (Morocco, Essaouira Region
Quaternary International xxx (2015) 1e14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quaint The last occurrence of Megaceroides algericus Lyddekker, 1890 (Mammalia, Cervidae) during the middle Holocene in the cave of Bizmoune (Morocco, Essaouira region) * Philippe Fernandez a, , Abdeljalil Bouzouggar b, c, Jacques Collina-Girard a, Mathieu Coulon d a Aix Marseille Universite, CNRS, MCC, LAMPEA UMR 7269, 13094, Aix-en-Provence, France b Institut National des Sciences de l'Archeologie et du Patrimoine, Rabat, Morocco c Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany d Aix Marseille Universite, CNRS, LAMES UMR 7305, 13094, Aix-en-Provence, France article info abstract Article history: During the course of archaeological test excavations carried out in 2007 in the cave of Bizmoune Available online xxx (Essaouira region, Morocco), seven archaeological layers yielding Pleistocene and Holocene artefacts and faunal remains were identified. In the layers C4, C3 and C2, respectively from the oldest to the most Keywords: recent, terrestrial Helicidae mollusk shells (Helix aspersa) were dated by 14C. These layers also contained Giant deer many fragments of eggshell, belonging to Struthio cf. camelus, associated with mammal remains such as Extinction Oryctolagus/Lepus, Gazella sp., Sus scrofa, Ammotragus lervia, Alcelaphus buselaphus, Equus sp., Pha- Holocene cochoerus aethiopicus and an undetermined Caprini. Among these remains, an incomplete mandible of North Africa Speciation Megaceroides algericus Lydekker, 1890 with M1 and M2 was found in layer C3. The 6641 to 6009 cal BP Palaeoecology time range attributed to this layer has provided the most recent date known so far for M. -
ESTUDO DA MORFOLOGIA DENTÁRIA DE Xenorhinotherium Bahiense CARTELLE & LESSA, 1988 (LITOPTERNA, MACRAUCHENIIDAE)
LEONARDO SOUZA LOBO ESTUDO DA MORFOLOGIA DENTÁRIA DE Xenorhinotherium bahiense CARTELLE & LESSA, 1988 (LITOPTERNA, MACRAUCHENIIDAE) UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL 2015 FichaCatalografica :: Fichacatalografica https://www3.dti.ufv.br/bbt/ficha/cadastrarficha/visua... Ficha catalográfica preparada pela Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Câmpus Viçosa T Lobo, Leonardo Souza, 1989- L864e Estudo da morfologia dentária de Xenorhinotherium 2015 bahiense Cartelle & Lessa, 1988 (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) / Leonardo Souza Lobo. - Viçosa, MG, 2015. x, 175f. : il. (algumas color.) ; 29 cm. Inclui anexos. Inclui apêndices. Orientador : Gisele Mendes Lessa Del Giúdice. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Referências bibliográficas: f.100-119. 1. Morfologia animal. 2. Morfometria. 3. Arcada ósseo dentária. 4. Fóssil. 5. Xenorhinotherium bahiense. I. Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Departamento de Biologia Animal. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal. II. Título. CDD 22. ed. 591.35 2 de 3 12-11-2015 14:15 LEONARDO SOUZA LOBO ESTUDO DA MORFOLOGIA DENTÁRIA DE Xenorhinotherium bahiense CARTELLE & LESSA, 1988 (LITOPTERNA, MACRAUCHENIIDAE) Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Animal, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. VIÇOSA MINAS GERAIS – BRASIL 2015 LEONARDO SOUZA LOBO ESTUDO DA MORFOLOGIA DENTÁRIA DE Xenorhinotherium bahiense CARTELLE & LESSA, 1988 (LITOPTERNA, MACRAUCHENIIDAE) Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de Viçosa, como parte das exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Animal, para obtenção do título de Magister Scientiae. APROVADA: 27 de março de 2015 _______________________ _______________________ Ana Maria Ribeiro Pedro Seyferth Ribeiro Romano (Coorientador) _______________________ Gisele Mendes Lessa del Giúdice (Orientadora) 'A tooth! A tooth! my kingdom for a tooth!' Thomas Huxley, 8 de Dezembro de 1858. -
História Das Paisagens Florestais Mésicas Dentro Da Diagonal De Formações Abertas: Contribuições De Paleomodelagem, Filoge
! ! Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia História das paisagens florestais mésicas dentro da diagonal de formações abertas: contribuições de paleomodelagem, filogeografia de espécies associadas e de conservação Roger Maia Dias Ledo Brasília – DF 2016 ! ! ! ! Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia História das paisagens florestais mésicas dentro da diagonal de formações abertas: contribuições de paleomodelagem, filogeografia de espécies associadas e de conservação Orientador: Dr. Guarino Rinaldi Colli Co-orientadora: Dra. Lilian G. Giugliano Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia da Universidade de Brasília como parte dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ecologia. Brasília – DF 2016 ! ! Roger Maia Dias Ledo História das paisagens florestais mésicas dentro da diagonal de formações abertas: contribuições de paleomodelagem, filogeografia de espécies associadas e conservação Tese realizada com o apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/SISBIOTA) e aprovada junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia da Universidade de Brasília como requisito para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ecologia. Comissão Examinadora: Prof. Dr. Guarino R. Colli Prof. Dra. Lilian G. Giugliano Presidente/Orientador Co-orientadora UnB UnB Profa. Dra. Leonora P. Costa Prof. Dr. Adrian A. Garda Membro Externo não vinculado ao Programa Membro Externo não vinculado ao Programa UFES UFRN Prof. Dra. Rosane Collevatti Membro Prof. Dr. Ricardo Bomfim Machado Externo não vinculado ao Programa Membro Interno vinculado ao UFG Programa UnB Prof. Dr. Renato Caparroz Membro suplente vinculado ao Programa UnB Brasília, 29 de fevereiro de 2016 ! ! Agradecimentos Esta tese não sairia do papel (ou melhor, não se materializaria no papel) se não fosse a ajuda de inúmeras pessoas. -
Mammalia, Felidae, Canidae, and Mustelidae) from the Earliest Hemphillian Screw Bean Local Fauna, Big Bend National Park, Brewster County, Texas
Chapter 9 Carnivora (Mammalia, Felidae, Canidae, and Mustelidae) From the Earliest Hemphillian Screw Bean Local Fauna, Big Bend National Park, Brewster County, Texas MARGARET SKEELS STEVENS1 AND JAMES BOWIE STEVENS2 ABSTRACT The Screw Bean Local Fauna is the earliest Hemphillian fauna of the southwestern United States. The fossil remains occur in all parts of the informal Banta Shut-in formation, nowhere very fossiliferous. The formation is informally subdivided on the basis of stepwise ®ning and slowing deposition into Lower (least fossiliferous), Middle, and Red clay members, succeeded by the valley-®lling, Bench member (most fossiliferous). Identi®ed Carnivora include: cf. Pseudaelurus sp. and cf. Nimravides catocopis, medium and large extinct cats; Epicyon haydeni, large borophagine dog; Vulpes sp., small fox; cf. Eucyon sp., extinct primitive canine; Buisnictis chisoensis, n. sp., extinct skunk; and Martes sp., marten. B. chisoensis may be allied with Spilogale on the basis of mastoid specialization. Some of the Screw Bean taxa are late survivors of the Clarendonian Chronofauna, which extended through most or all of the early Hemphillian. The early early Hemphillian, late Miocene age attributed to the fauna is based on the Screw Bean assemblage postdating or- eodont and predating North American edentate occurrences, on lack of de®ning Hemphillian taxa, and on stage of evolution. INTRODUCTION southwestern North America, and ®ll a pa- leobiogeographic gap. In Trans-Pecos Texas NAMING AND IMPORTANCE OF THE SCREW and adjacent Chihuahua and Coahuila, Mex- BEAN LOCAL FAUNA: The name ``Screw Bean ico, they provide an age determination for Local Fauna,'' Banta Shut-in formation, postvolcanic (,18±20 Ma; Henry et al., Trans-Pecos Texas (®g. -
Annual Meeting Issue 2003 Final Revision
Program of the Seventy-Second Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists to be held at The Tempe Mission Palms Hotel Tempe, Arizona April 23 to April 26, 2003 AAPA Scientific Program Committee: John H. Relethford Chair and Program Editor James Calcagno William L. Jungers Lyle Konigsberg Lorena Madrigal Karen Rosenberg Theodore G. Schurr Lynette Leidy Sievert Dawnie Wolfe Steadman Karen B. Strier Edward Hagen, Computer Programming Charles A. Lockwood, Cover Photo Local Arrangements Committee: Leanne T. Nash (Chair) Brenda J. Baker Kaye E. Reed Charles A. Lockwood Robert C. Williams Melissa K. Schaefer (student) Stephanie Meredith (student) and many other student volunteers 2 Message from the Program Committee Chair The 2003 AAPA meeting, our seventy- obtain abstracts and determine when and second annual meeting, will be held at the where specific posters and papers will be Tempe Mission Palms Hotel in Tempe, Ari- presented. zona. There will be 682 podium and poster As in the past, we will meet in conjunc- presentations in 55 sessions, with a total of tion with a number of affiliated groups in- almost 1,300 authors participating. These cluding the American Association of Anthro- numbers mark our largest meeting ever. The pological Genetics, the American Der- program includes nine podium symposia and matoglyphics Association, the Dental An- three poster symposia on a variety of topics: thropology Association, the Human Biology 3D methods, atelines, baboon life history, Association, the Paleoanthropology Society, behavior genetics, biomedical anthropology, the Paleopathology Association, and the dental variation, hominid environments, Primate Biology and Behavior Interest primate conservation, primate zoonoses, Group. -
Mammals from Upper Pleistocene of Afrânio, Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil
Quaternary and Environmental Geosciences (2010) 02(2):01-11 Mamíferos do Pleistoceno Superior de Afrânio, Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil Mammals from Upper Pleistocene of Afrânio, Pernambuco, northeast of Brazil Fabiana Marinho Silvaab, César Felipe Cordeiro Filgueirasac, Alcina Magnólia Franca Barretoad, Édison Vicente Oliveiraae a Universidade Federal de Pernambuco b c d e [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] RESUMO Os mamíferos pleistocênicos são encontrados com frequência em toda a região Nordeste do Brasil. Os fósseis em geral ocorrem em tanques, lagoas, terraços fluviais, cavernas e ravinas. No estado de Pernambuco são registradas ocorrências de mamíferos pleistocênicos em 38 municípios. Neste trabalho, foram estudados aspectos taxonômicos e tafonômicos de paleofauna, preservada em lagoas da bacia do riacho Caboclo, tributário do rio São Francisco, em Afrânio, Pernambuco, Brasil. A pesquisa envolveu levantamento bibliográfico, cartográfico, trabalhos de campo e laboratoriais. Mais de 1.250 ossos, dentes e osteodermos foram estudados. A associação fossilífera é monotípica, poliespecífica, com os graus de fragmentação e desgaste variando em quatro classes. Os ossos foram preservados por conservação da composição química original, permineralização e substituição por calcita e por calcita magnesiana. Foi identificada uma diversificada fauna distribuída em cinco ordens (Tardigrada, Cingulata, Notoungulata, Proboscidea e Perissodactyla), sete famílias (Megatheriidae, Mylodontidae, Dasypodidae, Glyptodontidae, Toxodontidae, Gomphotheriidae e Equidae) com os taxa: Eremotherium laurillardi, Mylodonopsis ibseni, Panochthus greslebini, Holmesina paulacoutoi, Hoplophorus euphractus, Stegomastodon waringi, Toxodon platensis, equídeo e gliptodontideo indeterminados. Foram registrados pela primeira vez em Pernambuco os gêneros Hoplophorus e Mylodonopsis. A paleofauna é predominantemente herbívora, de um paleoambiente de savana ou cerrado. -
The Giant Sea Mammal That Went Extinct in Less Than Three Decades
The Giant Sea Mammal That Went Extinct in Less Than Three Decades The quick disappearance of the 30-foot animal helped to usher in the modern science of human-caused extinctions. JACOB MIKANOWSKI, THE ATLANTIC 4/19/17 HTTPS://WWW.THEATLANTIC.COM/SCIENCE/ARCHIVE/2017/04/PLEIST OSEACOW/522831/ The Pleistocene, the geologic era immediately preceding our own, was an age of giants. North America was home to mastodons and saber-tooth cats; mammoths and wooly rhinos roamed Eurasia; giant lizards and bear-sized wombats strode across the Australian outback. Most of these giants died at the by the end of the last Ice Age, some 14,000 years ago. Whether this wave of extinctions was caused by climate change, overhunting by humans, or some combination of both remains a subject of intense debate among scientists. Complicating the picture, though, is the fact that a few Pleistocene giants survived the Quaternary extinction event and nearly made it intact to the present. Most of these survivor species found refuge on islands. Giant sloths were still living on Cuba 6,000 years ago, long after their relatives on the mainland had died out. The last wooly mammoths died out just 4,000 years ago. They lived in a small herd on Wrangel Island north of the Bering Strait between the Chukchi and East Siberian Seas. Two-thousand years ago, gorilla-sized lemurs were still living on Madagascar. A thousand years ago, 12-foot-tall moa birds were still foraging in the forests of New Zealand. Unlike the other long-lived megafauna, Steller’s sea cows, one of the last of the Pleistocene survivors to die out, found their refuge in a remote scrape of the ocean instead of on land. -
Comptes Rendus
comptes rendus palevol 2021 20 9 DIRECTEURS DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTORS : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Étienne Ghys, Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF / EDITORS-IN-CHIEF : Michel Laurin (CNRS), Philippe Taquet (Académie des sciences) ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Adeline Lopes (Académie des sciences ; [email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Fariza Sissi & Audrina Neveu (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle; [email protected]) RÉDACTEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS (*, took charge of the editorial process of the article/a pris en charge le suivi éditorial de l’article) : Micropaléontologie/Micropalaeontology Maria Rose Petrizzo (Università di Milano, Milano) Paléobotanique/Palaeobotany Cyrille Prestianni (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels) Métazoaires/Metazoa Annalisa Ferretti (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena) Paléoichthyologie/Palaeoichthyology Philippe Janvier (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Académie des sciences, Paris) Amniotes du Mésozoïque/Mesozoic amniotes Hans-Dieter Sues (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington) Tortues/Turtles Juliana Sterli (CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew) Lépidosauromorphes/Lepidosauromorphs Hussam Zaher (Universidade de São Paulo) Oiseaux/Birds Éric Buffetaut (CNRS, École Normale Supérieure, Paris) Paléomammalogie (mammifères de moyenne et grande taille)/Palaeomammalogy (large and mid-sized mammals) Lorenzo -
Late Quaternary Extinction of Ungulates in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Reductionist's Approach
Late Quaternary Extinction of Ungulates in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Reductionist's Approach Joris Peters Ins/itu/ für Palaeoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin, Universität München. Feldmochinger Strasse 7, D-80992 München, Germany AchilIes Gautier Laboratorium VDor Pa/eonlo/agie, Seclie Kwartairpaleo1ltologie en Archeozoölogie, Universiteit Gent, Krijgs/aon 2811S8, B-9000 Gent, Belgium James S. Brink National Museum, P. 0. Box 266. Bloemfontein 9300. Republic of South Africa Wim Haenen Instituut voor Gezandheidsecologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Capucijnenvoer 35, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium (Received 24 January 1992, revised manuscrip/ accepted 6 November 1992) Comparative osteomorphology and sta ti st ical analysis cf postcranial limb bone measurements cf modern African wildebeest (Collnochaetes), eland (Taura/ragus) and Africa n buffala (Sy" cer"s) have heen applied to reassess the systematic affiliations between these bovids and related extinct Pleistocene forms. The fossil sam pies come from the sites of Elandsfontein (Cape Province) .nd Flarisb.d (Orange Free State) in South Afrie • . On the basis of differenees in skull morphology and size of the appendicular skeleton between fossil and modern blaek wildebeest (ConlJochaeus gnou). the subspecies name anliquus, proposed earlier to designate the Pleistoeene form, ean be retained. The same taxonomie level is accepted for the large Pleistocene e1and, whieh could be named Taurolragus oryx antiquus. The long horned or giant buffa1o, Pelorovis antiquus, can be inc1uded in the polymorphous Syncerus caffer stock and could therefore be called Syncerus caffer antiquus. The ecology of Pleistocene and modern Connochaetes, Taurolragus and Syncerus is discussed. A relationship between herbivore body size and c1imate, as Bergmann's Rule predicts, could not be demonstrated. -
Straight-Tusked Elephant (Palaeoloxodon Antiquus) and Other Megafauna in Europe
The World of Elephants - International Congress, Rome 2001 The Late Quaternary extinction of woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), straight-tusked elephant (Palaeoloxodon antiquus) and other megafauna in Europe A.J. Stuart, A.M. Lister Department of Biology, University College, London, UK [email protected] We are engaged in a research project (funded at present, it is apparent that these range changes by the Natural Environment Research Council - were not the same for each species; for example NERC) on megafaunal extinctions throughout the “last stands” of Mammuthus primigenius, Europe within the period ca. 50,000 to 9000 14C Megaloceros giganteus and Palaeoloxodon years BP. The work involves a survey of strati- antiquus appear to have been made in very dif- graphic information and available 14C dates, and ferent regions of Europe. Tracking these changes also sampling crucial material for a major involves firstly gathering data from the literature programme of AMS 14C dating. Both of the and from colleagues in each region. By these elephant species present in the European Late means we are building up an approximate pic- Pleistocene: Mammuthus primigenius and ture and specifying the likely latest material of Palaeoloxodon antiquus are included in the our target species for each region. In order to project. obtain a much more accurate database, we are Our target species include most of those that sampling the putatively latest material and sub- became extinct, or regionally extinct, after mitting it for 14C dating. ca. 15,000 BP: woolly mammoth Mammuthus Late Quaternary extinctions have been vari- primigenius, woolly rhinoceros Coelodonta ously attributed to overkill by human hunters antiquitatis; giant deer Megaloceros giganteus; (Martin 1984; Martin & Steadman 1999), to lion Panthera leo; and spotted hyaena Crocuta environmental changes (Graham & Lundelius crocuta. -
And the Taxonomy of the Yellow-Tailed Woolly Monkey, Lagothrix flavicauda
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 137:245–255 (2008) Taxon Combinations, Parsimony Analysis (PAUP*), and the Taxonomy of the Yellow-Tailed Woolly Monkey, Lagothrix flavicauda Luke J. Matthews1* and Alfred L. Rosenberger2,3 1Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP), New York, NY 10003 2Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, The Graduate Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210 3Department of Mammalogy, The American Museum of Natural History, New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology (NYCEP), New York, NY 10024 KEY WORDS cladistics; taxonomy; taxon combinations; PAUP; parsimony; tree inference; New World monkeys; ateline systematics ABSTRACT The classifications of primates, in gen- results indicate that alternative selections of species sub- eral, and platyrrhine primates, in particular, have been sets from within genera produce various tree topologies. greatly revised subsequent to the rationale for taxonomic These results stand even after adjusting the character decisions shifting from one rooted in the biological spe- set and considering the potential role of interobserver cies concept to one rooted solely in phylogenetic affilia- disagreement. We conclude that specific taxon combina- tions. Given the phylogenetic justification provided for tions, in this case, generic or species pairings, of the pri- revised taxonomies, the scientific validity of taxonomic mary study group has a biasing effect in parsimony distinctions can be rightly judged by the robusticity of analysis, and that the cladistic rationale for resurrecting the phylogenetic results supporting them. In this study, the Oreonax generic distinction for the yellow-tailed we empirically investigated taxonomic-sampling effects woolly monkey (Lagothrix flavicauda) is based on an ar- on a cladogram previously inferred from craniodental tifact of idiosyncratic sampling within the study group data for the woolly monkeys (Lagothrix). -
La Brea and Beyond: the Paleontology of Asphalt-Preserved Biotas
La Brea and Beyond: The Paleontology of Asphalt-Preserved Biotas Edited by John M. Harris Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Series 42 September 15, 2015 Cover Illustration: Pit 91 in 1915 An asphaltic bone mass in Pit 91 was discovered and exposed by the Los Angeles County Museum of History, Science and Art in the summer of 1915. The Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History resumed excavation at this site in 1969. Retrieval of the “microfossils” from the asphaltic matrix has yielded a wealth of insect, mollusk, and plant remains, more than doubling the number of species recovered by earlier excavations. Today, the current excavation site is 900 square feet in extent, yielding fossils that range in age from about 15,000 to about 42,000 radiocarbon years. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Archives, RLB 347. LA BREA AND BEYOND: THE PALEONTOLOGY OF ASPHALT-PRESERVED BIOTAS Edited By John M. Harris NO. 42 SCIENCE SERIES NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM OF LOS ANGELES COUNTY SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE Luis M. Chiappe, Vice President for Research and Collections John M. Harris, Committee Chairman Joel W. Martin Gregory Pauly Christine Thacker Xiaoming Wang K. Victoria Brown, Managing Editor Go Online to www.nhm.org/scholarlypublications for open access to volumes of Science Series and Contributions in Science. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los Angeles, California 90007 ISSN 1-891276-27-1 Published on September 15, 2015 Printed at Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas PREFACE Rancho La Brea was a Mexican land grant Basin during the Late Pleistocene—sagebrush located to the west of El Pueblo de Nuestra scrub dotted with groves of oak and juniper with Sen˜ora la Reina de los A´ ngeles del Rı´ode riparian woodland along the major stream courses Porciu´ncula, now better known as downtown and with chaparral vegetation on the surrounding Los Angeles.