1989 DISCOVERY & EXCAVATION IN SCOTLAND An Annual Survey of Scottish Archaeological Discoveries, Excavation and Fieldwork with a Scottish Bibliography EDITED BY EDW1NA V W PROUDFOOT AND MARY INNES PUBLISHED BY THE COUNCIL FOR SCOTTISH ARCHAEOLOGY ISBN 0901352 11 X ISSN 0419-41IX NOTES FOR CONTRIBUTORS 1 Contributions should be brief statements of work undertaken. 2 Each contribution should be on a separate page, typed or clearly hand-written and double spaced. Surveys should be submitted in summary form. 3 Two copies of each contribution are required, one for editing and one for NMRS. 4 The Editors reserve the right to shorten published contributions. The unabridged copy will be lodged with NMRS. 5 No proofs will be sent to Contributors because of the tight timetable and the cost 6 Illustrations should be forwarded only by agreement with the Editors (and HBM, where applicable). Line drawings should be supplied camera ready to suit page layout as in this volume. 7 Enquiries relating to published items should normally be directed to the Contributor, not the Editors. 8 The final date for receipt of contributions each year is 31 October, for publication on the last Saturday of February following. Contributions from current or earlier years may be forwarded at any time. 9 Contributions should be sent to Hon Editors, Discovery & Excowrtion in Scot/and, CSA, c/o Royal Museum of Scotland, Queen Street, Edinburgh, EH2 1JD. Please use the following format:- REGION DISTRICT Site Name ( parish) Contributor Type of Site/Find NCR (2 letters, 6 figures) Report Sponsor: SDD HBM, Society, Institution, etc, as appropriate. Name of Contributor (where more than one, please indicate which name should appear in the list of contributors) Address of main contributor. CONTENTS Notes for Contributors 2 Map of Regions/Districts . 4 Editorial 5 Archaeological Contributions 7 RCAHMS Report 73 Scottish Bibliography 80 Index of Contributors 86 Borders Region 1. Berwickshire 2. Ettrick and Lauderdale 3. Roxburgh 4. Tweeddale Central Region 5. Clackmannan 6. Falkirk 7. Stirling Dumfries & Galloway Region 8. Annandale and Eskdale 9. Nithsdale 10. Stewartry 11. Wigtown Fife Region 12. Dunfermline 13. Kirkcaldy 14. North-East Fife Grampian Region 15. Aberdeen 16. Banff and Buchan 17. Gordon IS. Kincardine and Deeside 19. Moray Highland Region 20. Badenoch and Strathspey 21. Caithness 22. Inverness 23. Lochaber 24. Nairn 25. Ross and Cromarty 26. Skye and Lochalsh 27. Sutherland Lothian Region 28. East Lothian 29. Edinburgh 30. Midlothian 31. West Lothian Strathclyde Region 32. Argyll and Bute 33. Bearsden and Milngavie 34. Clydebank 35. Cumbemauld and Kilsyth 36. Cumnock and Doon Valley 37. Cunninghame 38. Dumbarton 39. East Kilbride 40. Eastwood 41. Glasgow 42. Hamilton 43. Inverclyde 44. Kilmamock and Loudon 45. Kyle and Carrick 46. Clydesdale 47. Monklands 48. Motherwell 49. Renfrew 50. Strathkelvin Tayside Region 51. Angus 52. Dundee 53. Perth and Kinross Orkney Islands Area Shetland Islands Area Western Isles Islands Area EDITORIAL Discouery and Excavation in Scotland has proved to be more than usually challenging to the Editors this year; it has nearly doubled in size, illustrations are included for the first time and the numbers of detailed field surveys has grown significantly — all of which have taken much more editorial time to prepare for the printer. It is hoped that more line drawings from other Contributors can be included in future but most in this issue relate to a change of style for SDD Historic Buildings and Monuments reports, previously published only as brief gazetteer entries. Now they are published as longer summaries, or interims, with line drawings as appropriate. RCAHMS has also provided illustrations of some of its recent work, indicating the wide-ranging nature of their recording. We are most grateful to both organisations for helping with these changes and we hope that these developments will prove valuable to HBM and to RCAHMS, setting the summaries of publicly funded fieldwork in the wider context of other archaeological work in Scotland. We also hope that readers will find the changes stimulating, particularly since it will make available much fieldwork information well in advance of formal publication. Field survey has long been promoted as an integral element of archaeological study, and in recent years Discouery and Excavation in Scotland has published several such surveys, but there is a significant increase this year, both in their range and extent. As will be clear from the text, however, the Editors have not yet established a suitable format for publication of survey data, because the originals vary so considerably, and comments will be welcome. Clearly there must be a balance between detail and summary, but difficulties seem to arise in relation to previously recorded sites, though these may well be the starting point for a survey. We would encourage anyone undertaking a field survey to include the local SMR or NMRS number for such sites, for various reasons, but particularly to avoid duplication. Another aspect of surveys that gives rise to difficulty is place names. By definition many sites are abandoned or little known, not named on maps or known from documentary sources. Great care should be taken before using a name that will not be readily located by future fieldworkers or researchers. As in previous years there are omissions from the record and the Editors urge anyone who has carried out fieldwork to send in details at any time, for inclusion in the next issue. Finally, the Editors wish to thank RCAHMS for permission to reproduce the District and Regions Map and we wish to thank Ian Fleming of NMRS for his speedy checking of information concerning grid references and parishes. Thanks are also due to the printers, who coped so commendably and within a very tight timetable, with what must be a most difficult manuscript. Edwina V W Proudfoot Mary Innes Hon Editors BORDERS BORDERS REGION The roadway terrace curves to run southward over the lower slopes of Broomylees Rig to a crossing of Cauld Cleuch at NT 401 420, then over Hersie Rig to Hersie Cleuch at NT 399 417. The road ETTRICK-LAUDERDALE DISTRICT terrace then rises to cross the east slope of Maiden Law, and dips to the Maiden Burn at NT 397 412. Over Maiden Rig the roadway Craighill (Ettrick parish) W Lonie curves westward on the 405m contour and descends to the Oak Hut-bases Burn at NT 393 406, turning sharply southwards at the crossing to NT 256 146 At 320m, in a shallow hollow sloping down NE, two rise along the east slope of Seathope Law to the col with Stoney turf hut-bases aligned with the hollow. From the NE end of the site: a Knowe at NT 391 399. From the col the roadway descends by the round-ended hut-base 9m by 5m over 1.5m by 0.4m in high grassy west face of Stoney Knowe to NT 390 394 where the last obvious banks. Immediately to the SW, upslope, a large rectangular annexe, trace of the road-mound is lost in pasture-land, but is clearly directed 7m by 4m over 1.0m by 0.4m turf banks. The only entrance to both downhill towards a point near the junction of the Gatehopeknowe structures is at the NE end of the annexe on its SE side. The entrance Burn with the River Tweed. is 1.5m wide, flanked by a large stone. The heavy overgrowth of peat on road-lengths undisturbed by 10m upslope to the SW is a second round-ended turf hut-base 7m agriculture or heather-burning, the severe erosion at the Caddon by 5m overall with a 4m by 4m rectangular annexe adjacent to its Water and the major bum crossings, and the obviously secondary SW end. The annexe is fully open to the SE. nature of the old narrow tracks and early cultivation rigs running on or across the road-line, all attest to the antiqi'ity of the roadway. The Fauldshope Hill (Selkirk parish) uniform 9 to 11m width of the roadway on terrace, cleared-way or Turf Hut-bases embankment, the central road-mound visible on many lengths, and NT 403 264 At 360m on a broad terrace a group of five round- the road sections exposed at burn crossings identify the structure as a ended turf hut-bases, some with porches to one end. Roman road, and confirm the same identification of the ancient road from the Lugate Water to Scroof previously reported (Discouery Woll Rig {Selkirk parish) Excav Scot 1988). Turf Hut-base The road is probably part of a link route between the Tweed valley NT 435 242 At 340m in a shallow hollow facing N a round-ended and Dere Street at the head of the Leader valley. A fort near Holylee turf hut-base 7.0m by 5.0m over 1.8m banks aligned NS with a 1m at a junction of the Caddon Water and Tweed valley Roman roads expansion to the N end. seems highly probable. A fort here would be 19km equidistant from all of Lyne, Newstead and Oxton Roman forts. Hartslde Hill (Channelkirk parish) Turf Hut-bases NT 449 538 At 390m on a gentle SW slope is a group of three ROXBURGH DISTRICT round-ended turf hut-bases; one 9.4m by 5.5m over 1.3m turf banks, aligned NS, with a 3. Om overall annexe or porch to the S end, Tower Hotel Site (Hawick parish) P Dixon disturbed so as to conceal any entrance; one 5.1m by.4.7m overall, Medieval Moated Site, Tower House much disturbed by being overbuilt by a dry-stane dyke; one 6.0m by NT 502 144 In March 1989 trial trenching was carried out during 4.3m over 1.3m turf banks, aligned NS, with a 1.7m overall curved demolition at the above site as part of Phase I of the redevelopment of porch to the S end, entrance facing E.