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Master Plan for Delhi 1957 Volume-II Part-3

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Master Plan for Delhi 1957 Volume-II Part-3 MASTER PLAN FOR DELHIDELHI Volume Two PART - III ( CHAPTERS - ELEVEN TO SIXTEEN ) Prepared by the Delhi Development Authority Under the Delhi Development Act,1957 MASTER PLAN FOR DELHI Volume Two PART - III 1. Chapter Eleven Education, Health & Recreation. 2. Chapter Twelve Traffic & Transportation. 3. Chapter Thirteen Public Utilities & Services. 4. Chapter Fourteen Rural Delhi. 5. Chapter Fifteen Financial Implications of the plan. 6. Chapter Sixteen Planning Administration. CHAPTER ELEVEN EDUCATION, HEALTH AND RECREATION immediate action. Statistics compiled from various sources reveal the INTRODUCTION : percentage of illiteracy as high as 43 percent in old Delhi, though in New Delhi, the extent of illiteracy, which is 12 percent, is not acute It is only in recent years that community facilities for a alarm.* An emergency programme of education is, therefore residential area have been considered as an essential part of housing. imperative. In equating community facilities ith the intensity of development, a variable scale of size of facilities is essential. The proportion of land I. EVALUATION OF THE EXISTING EDUCATIONAL allocated to circulation such as streets and pathways must be STRUCTURE AND FACILITIES : balanced with the requirements of schools, parks, health clinics, libraries, community buildings and shopping. The educational structure of urban Delhi may be divided into three categories ;- Standards Classes Age- Groups Density plays an important part in the reservation of land for community facilities. A high density area of 200 persons per acre Primary ( junior Basic) I to V 6 to 11 obviously cannot have the same size for schools and playgrounds as Middle ( Senior Basic) VI to VIII 11 to 14 a low density area of 60 persons per acre. For example, 200 persons per acre of gross residential density means 5 acre per 1000 High School & Higher Secondary IX to XI 14 to 17 population; therefore, standards such as 2 acres per 1000 for parks Dreadful conditions were found in all the three levels of pre- and an equal amount for schools cannot be provided would be university training. Not able to cope with the increasing schools going nothing left for housing. population, the municipal authorities have opened educational institutions in tents, in jhugies, in choppals and other types of In addition to variations in standards due to density, the present temporary structures. They are found scattered in all parts of the city, mode of living of the urban dwellers which is conditioned by either on vacant land or in private rented buildings. A large number of differing customs, casters and kinship requires other factors to be schools are also working on two shifts. There is no nursery education taken into consideration. For example, in a mohalla, life goes on provided under the existing school curriculum. around the courtyard, andplay is often conducted on the roof tops. Table No 1 Not more than one-fourth of an acre probably would be required if Estimated school age population and attendance-1959. this pattern were to be duplicated on the ground floor. In the extensions of the city, with gross residential density of 75 persons per Percentage Estimated School acre, there is a danger of providing too much open space, as a result of Age Standard in age-groups Population age which the community may takes on an appearance of a soulless Group Delhi State Population desert. (Census 1951) (in 1959) (in Lakh Middle (Senior Basic) 6-11 11.6 20 Lakhs 2.32 Considering all these factors, especially those relating to Middle (Senior Basic) 11-14 6.9 20 Lakhs 1.38 density, the requirement and proposed standards as regards High School and educational and community facilities have been prepared and Higher Secondary 14-17 6.2 20 Lakhs 1.24 presented in this chapter. The optimum has been set for each size of Total:- 4.94 (Lakhs) facility required in a residential area according to the different Attendance in shop schools : non-recognised 0.22 densities. The standards have been tested in a series of proto- type Attendance in recognized schools inclusive of 3.00 designs. The intent of this plan is to earmark adequate lands for privately managed schools various community facilities, which are expected to attain a somewhat optimum standard by 1981. However, it will not be Not covered by survey 5% 0.16 necessary in the first stage to build to a maximum each of the Not enrolled 1.56 buildings , such as schools, hospitals, and the like, It appears that the Total 4.94 community will have to sustain itself in a somewhat overcrowded manner by building only part of the floor space. Literacy Data : Greater Delhi Survey, Delhi school of Economic, Delhi. A) EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES : Shop Schools : Non- recognized : Of all the basic needs of a community, the most pressing and immediate is the provision of educational facilities. The present The teaching shops are by product of overcrowding in schools of all types are extremely overcrowded, and according to an recognized schools and the overall lack of schooling facilities. Scores estimate, approximately 1.56 lakhs of 6 to 17 age – groups are not on of studding facing refusal for admission in the recognized school the rolls. Besides, a large number of schools are functioning virtually have been forced to enroll themselves shops. Even with this in open air either under a tree or tent, thanks to the mild climate of the innovation, there are still 1.56 lakhs Children who are unable to enroll city. The magnitude, if viewed in the context of illiteracy, calls for themselves in any type of school. The shop schools are run on a R.G.Gupta Master Plan For Delhi 1957, Volume-II, PART - 3 City/Policy Planner commercial basis by individuals or groups, and are in desirable in any of the total were middle schools classes , and roughly 37,000 or 12 educational system. Their curriculum hardly provides a basic percent of the total were in higher secondary classes. The recognized education. Teachers do not have the necessary qualifications, though schools together cover a total plot area of 375 acres, which gives an with a rigorous schedule of studies, their students manage to get average of 0.86 acre per school, if the double shift school, are not through some of the examinations like Punjab Matric. Most of the treated as two school. The total open area is about 248 acres, which schools are housed in residential and/or commercial houses. Only works out to about 0.57 acre per school. In the old city Division, 147 eleven are operating in tents. Some of the schools are only coaching schools which account for 32 percent of the total number of students, classes. have only 48 cres of plot area, which is 12.8 percent of the total area under schools. Out of the 48 acres of plot area of schools in old Delhi Division, there are 23 acres under open spaces. The average area of A total of 480 such institutions was surveyed. Approximately 0.33 acre per school inclusive of 0.16 acre of open space can well give 50,700 students are enrolled in these school, with a teaching staff of 2, us an indication of overcrowding that persists in schools of old Delhi 280. Of the total shop schools, 313 or 65 percent are academic Division. institutions, coaching roughly 39,500 or 78 percent of the total number of students shop schools. The remaining 11,200 students attend commercial, vocational and other types of shop schools. Of The lack of school buildings to accommodate the increasing these 39,500 students, 5,600 or 14 percent are in the nursery schools number of school going children has forced quite a few schools to stage, approximately 12,800 or 33 percent are in primary school operate on a double shift basis. Of the total recongied schools, 218 stage, about 2,500 or 6 percent are in middle school stage, and 6,600 have got students attending double shifts, and function as two schools. or 17 percent are in the high school stage. The remaining 11,900 or 30 Over 65 percent of the students attending recognized schools are on a percent are enrolled for courses of F.A. ; B.A.;Rattan,prabhkar etc. double shift system. The first shift starts early in the morning . There is Approximately 1,950 teachers are employed in academic schools, generally littels time between the two shifts, and no cleaning of the giving a teacher – student ratio of 1:20 which is incidentally, higher building is possible before the shifts begins. Students participation in than that in recognized schools. sports and other extra- curricular activities is virtually absent. This coverts schools into soulless factories, where no real teaching is possible. Of the total academic schools, 88 are in the New Delhi Planning Division, accounting for 25 percent of the students. 59 schools are in the city Extension Division with 10,149 or 26 percent of the students, Of the remaining 219 schools not having any shift system, 29 and 55 schools are in the old city Division with 7,488 or 19 percent of percent are housed in temporary structures, while 11 percent of the the students. The rest are distributed in other planning Divisions. 218 schools, having the double shift system, are in temporary Only 49 schools are housed in structures which are in bad condition. structures. Together they cover about 67 acres. In Urban Delhi, twenty five percent of the schools are in structures which were assessed to be in bad condition. Many others were functioning in dark and dingy Recognized Schools : buildings usually situated by the side of open drains.
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