Outline Lecture Nineteen—The Bushido Ethos of the Kamakura I

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Outline Lecture Nineteen—The Bushido Ethos of the Kamakura I) The Ethos of Samurai Culture a) Political changes in the 12th century i) Power shifts to Kanto Plain (show map) (1) The breeding ground of the bushi ii) The Hogen War 1159-1160 (1) Taira clan (Heike) vs. the rival Minamoto clan (Genji) b) The “Domestication” of the Taira i) The Gempei War 1180-1185 ii) The Tale of Heike II) The Way of the Samurai or Bushido a) The centrality of honor i) Purpose of nanori or “name announcing” (1) Compensate for prior haji or shame in one’s family (2) Intimidate one’s foes through brash, boastful assertiveness b) “The Way of the Warrior is Death” i) Example of Naozane and Atsumori (1) Battle at Dan no Ura ii) Example of Yoshinaka and Kanehira (1) Yoshinaka first as a victorious Minamoto lord (2) From arrogant buffoon to tragic hero (a) Tomoe—a woman warrior (b) Kanehira’s loyalty (3) The aesthetics of sabi c) Kamakura Shogunate 12th to 14th centuries i) The Bakufu (1) The ascendancy of Yoritomo Minamoto (2) “Tent government” in Kamakura (3) The title of “shogun” or “barbarian-suppressing generalissimo” ii) De Facto Power Twice-Removed (1) Rise of the Hojo clan III) Kamukara Buddhism a) Buddhism in an Age of Degenerate Dharma or Mappo i) Pure Land Sect (1) Reciting the nembutsu to be saved (2) Shinran insisted that human nature was inherently debased ii) Nichiren’s nationalistic fervor b) Japanese Zen i) The practical appreciation for impermanence (1) Conrad Schirokauer’s insight on the impact of this doctrine: (a) “Buddhist consciousness of the fleeting nature of all that is best in life saved the Heian age from sinking into the shallow hedonism, and likewise, rescued the Kamakura from the futile pomposity of the vainglorious. The sweetness of the warrior’s triumph is just as ephemeral as the joy of lovers.” (b) Mono no aware—“capacity to be moved by things” (2) Kamo no Chomei’s “An Account of My Hut” (1153-1216) (a) Symbolism of a “temporary hut” (b) Resist the temptation to hoard, to accumulate ii) Dogen’s Humanism of Engagement (1200-1253) (1) “Time does not waste itself. It is people who waste it away” (141) (2) Parting wisdom .

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VOLUME 1: BORDERS 2018 Published by National Institute of Japanese Literature Tokyo EDITORIAL BOARD Chief Editor IMANISHI Yūichirō Professor Emeritus of the National Institute of Japanese 今西祐一郎 Literature; Representative Researcher Editors KOBAYASHI Kenji Professor at the National Institute of Japanese Literature 小林健二 SAITō Maori Professor at the National Institute of Japanese Literature 齋藤真麻理 UNNO Keisuke Associate Professor at the National Institute of Japanese 海野圭介 Literature KOIDA Tomoko Associate Professor at the National Institute of Japanese 恋田知子 Literature Didier DAVIN Associate Professor at the National Institute of Japanese ディディエ・ダヴァン Literature Kristopher REEVES Associate Professor at the National Institute of Japanese クリストファー・リーブズ Literature ADVISORY BOARD Jean-Noël ROBERT Professor at Collège de France ジャン＝ノエル・ロベール X. Jie YANG Professor at University of Calgary 楊暁捷 SHIMAZAKI Satoko Associate Professor at University of Southern California 嶋崎聡子 Michael WATSON Professor at Meiji Gakuin University マイケル・ワトソン ARAKI Hiroshi Professor at International Research Center for Japanese 荒木浩 Studies Center for Collaborative Research on Pre-modern Texts, National Institute of Japanese Literature (NIJL) National Institutes for the Humanities 10-3 Midori-chō, Tachikawa City, Tokyo 190-0014, Japan Telephone: 81-50-5533-2900 Fax: 81-42-526-8883 e-mail: [email protected] Website: https//www.nijl.ac.jp Copyright 2018 by National Institute of Japanese Literature, all rights reserved. PRINTED IN JAPAN KOMIYAMA PRINTING CO., TOKYO CONTENTS
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