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Evaluation Rapide Conjointe Suite À La Catastrophe Des 9-10 Février 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized Aux Alentours De Bujumbura Public Disclosure Authorized

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Evaluation Rapide Conjointe Suite À La Catastrophe Des 9-10 Février 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized Aux Alentours De Bujumbura Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: AUS10070 Republic of Burundi Public Disclosure Authorized Burundi Rapid Assessment with Focus on Flood Risk Management Analyse des facteurs de risques, évaluation des dommages et propositions pour un relèvement et une reconstruction durables Evaluation rapide conjointe suite à la catastrophe des 9-10 février 2014 Public Disclosure Authorized aux alentours de Bujumbura Public Disclosure Authorized April 14, 2014 GSURR AFRICA Public Disclosure Authorized Standard Disclaimer: This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Copyright Statement: The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470, http://www.copyright.com/. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, fax 202-522-2422, e-mail [email protected]. p. ii Burundi : analyse des facteurs de risques, évaluation des dommages et propositions pour un relèvement et une reconstruction durables Evaluation rapide conjointe suite à la catastrophe des 9-10 février 2014 aux alentours de Bujumbura Bare soil denuded by flash flooding Illustration 1. (page de couverture) Vue satellite en date du 14 février 2014 (image Pléiades © CNES 2013) traitée par UNITAR/UNOSAT et photo du 6 mars 2014, montrant les effets de la crue rapide au niveau du quartier de Gatunguru, Commune de Kinama Suite à la mission d’évaluation des dommages du 3 au 14 mars 2014, le gouvernement du Burundi avec l’appui de ses partenaires techniques et financiers a développé ce rapport en trois sections : 1. « Analyse des facteurs de risques et caractérisation de l’événement », 2. « Evaluation des dommages causés aux infrastructures économiques et sociales » et enfin 3. « Priorités pour un relèvement et une reconstruction résilients ». Neuf groupes de travail, listés en page 2 du résumé exécutif, ont contribué au développement de ce rapport, imprimé à Washington, DC, USA, le 14 avril 2014. Crédits photo : Joachim Kagari, Régie de production et de distribution d’eau et d’électricité (REGIDESO) Mehdi Bouhlel, secrétariat technique du Projet de Développement du Secteur Routier (PDSR) Francois Nkurunziza, secrétariat technique du Projet de Travaux Publics et de Création d’Emplois (PTPCE) Dieudonné Buyoya, Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance (UNICEF) Jean-Baptiste Migraine, Banque mondiale Cartes développées par l’IGEBU (sur fond topographique IGN 1982) et le Bureau d’étude CIRA (sur fond Google, dans le cadre de l’Etude sur la collecte des eaux pluviales). Images satellites Pléiades © CNES 2013 (traitée par UNITAR/UNOSAT) et DigitalGlobe (via GoogleEarth). Clause de non-responsabilité: Les frontières, les couleurs, les dénominations et toute autre information figurant dans ce rapport n'impliquent aucun jugement sur le statut juridique d'un territoire, ni la reconnaissance de l'acceptation de ces frontières. La mission d’évaluation rapide et le développement du rapport, tous deux coordonnés par la Plateforme Nationale de Prévention des Risques et de Gestion des Catastrophes (PNPRGC), ont été soutenu financièrement par les Nations Unies, la Banque mondiale et le Programme ACP-UE de Prévention des Risques liés aux Catastrophes Naturelles (ACP-EU NDRR), une initiative du Groupe des pays d’Afrique, des Caraïbes et du Pacifique (ACP), financée par l’Union européenne (UE) et gérée par la Facilité mondiale pour la réduction des catastrophes et le relèvement (GFDRR). Programme ACP-UE de Prévention des Risques liés aux Catastrophes Naturelles une initiative du Groupe des pays d’Afrique, des Caraïbes et du Pacifique, financée par l’Union européenne et gérée par la GFDRR p. ii Avant-Propos p. iii p. iv Sigles et abréviations CIGRC Commission Interministérielle pour la Gestion des Risques et des Catastrophes FAO Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture GFDRR Facilité mondiale pour la prévention des risques de catastrophes et le relèvement - Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery GIZ Agence allemande de coopération internationale IGEBU Institut Géographique du Burundi INDS Infrastructure Nationale de Données Spatiales OIM Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations (IOM) ONG Organisation Non Gouvernementale PAM Programme Alimentaire Mondial (WFP) PDSR Projet de Développement du Secteur Routier PFNPRGC Plateforme Nationale de Prévention des Risques et de Gestion des Catastrophes PNUD Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (UNDP) PTPCE Projet de Travaux Publics et de Création d’Emplois SIG Système d’Information Géographique UNICEF Fonds des Nations Unies pour l’enfance UNOSAT Programme opérationnel pour les applications satellitaires de l’Institut des Nations Unies pour la formation et la recherche (UNITAR) p. v Table des matières Avant-Propos ........................................................................................................................... iii Résumé exécutif ........................................................................................................................ 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 9 1. Analyse des facteurs de risques et caractérisation de l’événement ............................. 16 1.1. Analyse des paramètres hydrométéorologiques et physiques ...................................... 18 1.1.1. Pluies et saturation des sols (liée aux pluies tombées dans les jours précédents) ............................................................................................................ 18 1.1.2. Ruissellement, érosion, effondrement et débordements de cours d’eau ............... 21 1.1.2.1. La taille du bassin versant et la distance entre les précipitations et les enjeux ............................................................................................................ 21 1.1.2.2. La topographie et la pente ............................................................................ 21 1.1.2.3. La profondeur, l’état et le type de sols .......................................................... 22 1.1.2.4. Le couvert végétal ......................................................................................... 23 1.1.2.5. L’inadéquation de l’assainissement des eaux pluviales dans les zones urbanisées ..................................................................................................... 24 1.1.2.6. Le ravinement, lié notamment au niveau du lac Tanganyika ........................ 26 1.1.3. Aléa sismique........................................................................................................ 29 1.1.4. Glissements de terrain et/ou obstruction temporaire du lit des rivières................ 29 1.2. Analyse de l’exposition ................................................................................................ 32 1.2.1. Commune de Buterere .......................................................................................... 32 1.2.2. Commune d’Isale .................................................................................................. 34 1.2.3. Commune de Kamenge......................................................................................... 35 1.2.4. Commune de Kinama ........................................................................................... 37 1.2.5. Commune de Mutimbuzi ...................................................................................... 39 1.3. Analyse de la vulnérabilité des infrastructures ............................................................ 40 1.3.1. Réseau routier (routes et ponts) ............................................................................ 40 1.3.2. Infrastructures scolaires ........................................................................................ 42 1.3.3. Marchés................................................................................................................. 43 1.3.4. Réseau d’adduction en eau potable....................................................................... 43 1.3.5. Réseau de collecte des eaux pluviales .................................................................. 44 1.3.6. Réseau de collecte des eaux usées ........................................................................ 44 1.3.7. Réseau électrique .................................................................................................
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