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LEAGUE OF NATIONS Communicated to the C.67.M.67.1942.XI. Council and the Members (O.C./A.B.1941/31) of the League. (issued in English only) Geneva, August 19th, 1942. TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AM) OTKER DANGEROUS DRUGS. ANNUAL REPORTS BY GOVERNMENTS FOR 1941. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Note by the Acting Secretary-General. In accordance with Article 21 of the Convention of I93I for limiting the Manufacture and regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, the Acting Secretary-General has the honour to communicate the above-mentioned report to the parties to the Convention. The report is also communicated to other States and to the Advisory Committee on Traffic in Opium and other Dangerous Drugs. (For the form of annual reports, see document 0.C.1600). TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1941 U. S. TREASURY DEPARTMENT BUREAU OF NARCOTICS WASHINGTON, D. C. U. S. TREASURY DEPARTMENT BUREAU OF NARCOTICS TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1941 REPORT BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington. D. C. Price 15 cents (Paper) LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL T r e a su r y D e p a r t m e n t , B u r e a u of N ar c o t ic s, 'Washington, A pril 1 ,191(2. The H o n o r a b le t h e S e c r e t a r y o f t h e T r e a s u r y . S ir : I have the honor to transmit, in accordance with Article 21 of the Convention of 1931 for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulat­ ing the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, the report of the Government of the United States on the Traffic in Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs, for the calendar year ended December 31, 1941, in the estab­ lished form for distribution through the Secretary of State to the nations signatory to the International Drug Conventions of 1912 and 1931. Copy of this report will be transmitted to Congress as required by the act of June 14, 1930. Respectfully, H. J . A x s l in g e r , Commissioner of Narcotics. (in) TABLE OF CONTENTS A. GENERAL Page I. Laws__________________________________________________ 1 Uniform Narcotic Drug Act____________________ 1 Publications_________________________________________________ 2 II. Administration_________________________________________ 3 III. Control of international trade___________________________________ 4 IV. International cooperation_______________________________________ 5 V. Illicit traffic________________________ 5 Raw opium__________________________________ 5 Prepared opium ___ 6 Morphine__________ 8 Heroin_________ . _ ______ _ 9 Cocaine____________ 10 Codeine_____________________________________________________ 10 Nonnarcotic substances falsely labeled as narcotic drugs_______ 10 Seizures of medicinal preparations containing narcotic drugs __ 10 Seizures of opium poppy pods_____________________________ _ 10 Illicit traffic by post, express, railway, and air__________________ 10 Analysis of illicit traffic________ 10 Paregoric__________________________ 12 Adulteration______________________________ ______ _____ _ 12 Drug-law violators in Federal prisons______________ _ _ 12 Seizures and violations______________________________________ 13 Smuggling from Mexico___________ IS Diversions_______________________________________ 19 Illicit traffic in marihuana (Cannabis saliva L.)________________ 19 Crimes associated with marihuana_____________________ 20 Criminal records of marihuana law violators__________________ 21 VI. Other Information______________________________________________ 21 Educational work___________________________________________ 21 Recidivism in narcotic law violators_______ 21 Deportations of aliens____________________ _ 21 Vehicles seized____________________________________ 21 State boards_________ _ _ 23 Lost order forms ______________________ 23 Thefts_________________________________________________ 23 B. RAW M ATERIALS VII. Raw opium_____________________________________________________ 23 VIII. Cocoa leaf_______________________________________________________ 24 IX. Marihuana (Cannabis saliva L. Indian H em p.)______ 24 Research work on marihuana_______________ 25 (v) VI C. M A NUFACTURED DRUGS Page N. 1. Internal control of manufactured drugs________________________ 25 2. Licenses__________ . ___ 27 3. Manufacture___________ 28 i 4. Trade and distribution________________________________________ 29 D. O TH ER QUESTIONS XI. Chapter IV of The Hague Opium Convention of 1912_____________ 30 X II. Prepared opium_________________________________________________ 30 X III. Other drugs_____________________________________________________ 30 APPENDIX Statistical tables_________________________________________________ 3 List of countries parties to international opium conventions_________ 4 REPORT BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1941, ON THE TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS A. GENERAL I, Laws. The usual Federal law, enacted annually, making an appropriation for narcotic law enforcement was approved May 31, 1941, and allotted the sum of $1,278,475 for enforcement of the Federal narcotic drug and marihuana laws for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1942. The revenue accruing to the Government from application of the Federal narcotic laws for the year 1941 was $1.474,448.08, made up as follows : Customs duties on opium released to manufacturers_____________ $616,151. 25 Customs duties on coca leaves imported________________________ 92, 679. 99 Internal Revenue collections—registrations, tax stamps, order forms—on opium, coca leaves, and marihuana__________________ 640, 036.12 Paid fines and compromises_____________________________________ 69, 662. 72 Value of cars forfeited______________________________ 55, 918. 00 Total___________________________-________—____- ___________ 1, 474, 448. 08 LTn if o r m N a rcotic D r u g A c t One additional State, Maine, adopted the Uniform Narcotic Drug Act during the year. Prior to 1941 it had been adopted in 39 States, in the District of Columbia, and in the Territories of Hawaii and Puerto Rico. The following States have not passed the Uniform Narcotic Drug Act or other adequate narcotic legislation : Kansas. New Hampshire. Vermont. Massachusetts. North Dakota. Washington. The States of Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, New York. Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Wisconsin enacted an amendment, recom­ mended by the Bureau of Narcotics, conditionally exempting from the provisions of the Uniform Narcotic Drug Act of their respective States preparations containing not more than 1 grain of codeine to the ounce. Under this amendment, preparations containing opium, heroin, or morphine are no longer exempt from the general control provisions of the act ; the retail sale of paregoric, for instance, may be made only pursuant to a lawful prescription. (1) 2 The same amendment, in modified form, was also enacted in the States of Arkansas, Maryland, Nebraska, Tennessee, and Texas. The revisions will have the effect of conserving the supply of opium and opium derivatives on hand as well as drastically reducing the possibility of sale of the narcotic-containing preparations for abusive use. The Uniform Narcotic Drug Act of several States was made more effective by the enactment of other amendments, principally by the inclusion of cannabis (marihuana) within the law of the particular State or by the adoption of a revised definition of cannabis, the latter making the law conform to the Federal law. The States of California,1 Connecticut. Illinois. Indiana, Iowa, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania 1 have done commendable work during the year on the narcotic problem. P ublications . D r u g A d d ic t io n R e s e a r c h NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON DRUG ADDICTION It is with much gratification that the Bureau of Narcotics announces the publication on May 1,1941, of a Report by the Committee on Drug Addiction of the National Research Council of Washington, D. C„ under the chairmanship of Dr. William Charles White, describing an enterprise which is believed to be the most extensive research ever un­ dertaken in this or any country with respect to a fundamental scientific I attack upon drug addiction. Funds to carry on the program were pro­ vided by the Bureau of Social Hygiene from 1929 to 1933 and by the Rockefeller Foundation from 1933 until December 31, 1940. The Re­ port (1,581 pages) contains collected reprints of the work done under I the auspices of the Committee on Drug Addiction and covers important I progress in the scientific research which has been conducted by various I groups of scientists from 1929 to 1941 to develop a non-habit-forming I drug to replace opium and its derivatives. The selection of compounds I for clinical trial and addiction studies in connection with this work has been made on the basis of pharmacological experiments covering over 500 substances, some of which had never been produced anywhere before. The reprints deal with the chemistry of the opium alkaloids and with pharmacological and clinical studies of these alkaloids. The report will be of great value to workers in this field. It has been dis­ tributed to medical libraries, scientific journals, certain university libraries, and others concerned, where it is useful as a reference book. Actively cooperating in this work were the University of Virginia; the University of Michigan ; the Department of Public Health of Mas­ 1 California and Pennsylvania have adequate narcotic

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