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Coming Back Together: Veterans' Capacity As The COMING BACK TOGETHER: VETERANS’ CAPACITY AS THE MISSING ELEMENT IN THE SYSTEMS OF TRANSITION TO CIVILIAN LIFE by Denise Landry Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Education (Counselling) Acadia University Spring Convocation 2016 © by Denise Landry, 2016 COMING BACK TOGETHER This thesis by Denise Landry was defended successfully in an oral examination on April 22, 2016. The examining committee for the thesis was: ________________________ Dr. Stephen Mockford, Chair ________________________ Dr. Maya Eichler, External Examiner ________________________ Dr. Sandy Fraser, Internal Examiner ________________________ Dr. Deborah Day, Supervisor _________________________ Dr. Beth Robinson, in place of Dr. Ann Vibert, Head/Director This thesis is accepted in its present form by the Division of Research and Graduate Studies as satisfying the thesis requirements for the degree Master of Education (Counselling) …………………………………………. ii COMING BACK TOGETHER I, Denise Landry, grant permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. I, however, retain the copyright in my thesis. ______________________________ Author ______________________________ Supervisor ______________________________ Date iii COMING BACK TOGETHER Contents COMING BACK TOGETHER: .................................................................................................... i Contents .................................................................................................................................... iv Abstract ................................................................................................................................... viii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................ ix Section 1 - Reconnaissance: Rationale, Context and ApproacH ................................ 1 CHapter 1: Purpose and Significance of tHe Study ........................................................ 2 Timeliness of tHe Issue .................................................................................................................... 3 The Human and Financial costs of Transition Difficulties .................................................. 3 The Futility of Repeating Past Mistakes .................................................................................... 5 Context of the Study .......................................................................................................................... 6 Definition of a Veteran ................................................................................................................. 10 Chapter 2: Review of Relevant Literature .................................................................... 12 Hermeneutics and a Paradigm SHift ........................................................................................ 12 Choosing an Approach: Present Policy Makers or Potential Policy Makers? ............ 14 Considering the Sources with a Critical Eye .......................................................................... 17 Paradigm Shift ................................................................................................................................. 20 CHapter 3: MetHodology and MetHods ........................................................................... 23 MetHodology .................................................................................................................................... 23 Specific methodological approach. ....................................................................................................... 23 Guiding theories: Power imbalances, issues of voice, naming the problem. ...................... 27 MetHod ............................................................................................................................................... 33 Sample strategy and access to the research population. ............................................................ 37 Ethical Considerations. .............................................................................................................................. 42 Emergent MetHodology ................................................................................................................ 48 Research interviews: Conversations about change. ...................................................................... 48 Assumption re-evaluated. ......................................................................................................................... 49 CHapter 4: Data Analysis - Participants, THemes, ResearcHer ............................... 53 Description of Participants ......................................................................................................... 53 Influence of tHe ResearcHer on Analysis ................................................................................ 55 Emergence of the Themes ........................................................................................................... 59 Section II – Navigating tHe System: Influences, Obstacles and Resistance ........ 64 CHapter 5: ApproacH to Findings and Discussion of tHe THemes .......................... 65 HigHligHting Capacity .................................................................................................................... 65 Polyvocal Format ............................................................................................................................ 65 A Powerful CHorus: Veterans’ Alignment witH tHe Understandings of Senior ResearcHers ...................................................................................................................................... 66 Chapter 6: Covenant ............................................................................................................ 69 Our Covenant witH our Soldiers ................................................................................................ 69 Veterans’ Understanding of tHe Covenant: “A Weird RelationsHip” ............................. 72 iv COMING BACK TOGETHER Bruyea’s warning. ........................................................................................................................................ 79 MucH Government RHetoric, no Action ................................................................................... 80 The Transition System ................................................................................................................. 83 The Universality of Service Policy: The business of putting boots on the ........................... 84 ground. .............................................................................................................................................................. 84 Step one: Joint Personnel Support Unit (JPSU) ............................................................................... 86 Step two: Service Income Security Insurance Plan (SISIP) ........................................................ 89 Mission: Transition. ..................................................................................................................................... 91 Step three: Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC). ...................................................................................... 93 The public face of VAC. ............................................................................................................................... 93 The bureaucracy! ... death by a thousand paper cuts. .................................................................. 95 Veterans Ombudsman .................................................................................................................. 99 The Cost of tHe Broken Covenant ............................................................................................ 101 The suicides. ................................................................................................................................................. 102 The Fynes Report. ...................................................................................................................................... 106 Neoliberalism and tHe Covenant: ClasH of Cultures ......................................................... 110 The Way Forward ......................................................................................................................... 111 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 112 Chapter 7: Culture .............................................................................................................. 114 Cultural Narratives ...................................................................................................................... 114 Military Culture ............................................................................................................................ 116 Care for each other. ................................................................................................................................... 120 Chain of command: The container. ..................................................................................................... 123 Hegemonic masculinity - the dominant military social narrative.
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