Summary of Floods in the United States During 1954
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Summary of Floods in the United States During 1954 Prepared under the dt'rection of J. V. B. WELLS, Chief, Surface Water Branch FLOODS OF 1954 G E 0 L 0 G I CAL S U R V E Y W AT E R-S U P PLY PAP E R 13 70-C Prepared in cooperation with Federal, State, and local agencies UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1959 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRED A. SEATON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Doeamenta, U.S. Govemment Printiq 08lee Wuhi~on 25, D.C. - Priee 10 eenta (paper eover) PREFACE This report on the summary of floods in the United States during 1954 was prepared by the Geological Survey, Water Resources Divi sion, L. B. Leopold, chief' hydraulic engineer, under the direction of J. V. B. Wells, chief, Surface Water Branch. The continuing investigation of surface-water resources in the areas covered by this report is being made by the Geological Survey in cooperation with State agencies, the Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Reclamation, and other Federal or local agencies. The U.S. Weather Bureau furnished some data and information included in this report. The basic data and information were collected by the district offices of the Surface vVater Branch, in whose districts the floods occurred. m CONTENTS Page Abstract__________________________________________________________ 201 Introduction______________________________________________________ 201 Determination of flood stages and discharges____ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ 203 Explanation of data________________________________________________ 203 Summary of :floods of 1954__________________________________________ 204 Floods of January 21-27 in North Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabama_ 204 Floods of February 16-17 in southeastern Michigan________________ 206 Floods of April 4-6 in northeastern Montana_____ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ 207 Floods of April 12-13 in Bull Creek basin, Texas__________________ 209 Floods of April 15 in west-central Wisconsin______________________ 211 Floods of April 29-30 in west-central Oklahoma___________________ 212 Floods of April3Q-May 3 in Minnesota and Wisconsin_____________ 213 Floods of May 18-23 in the Kootenai and the Flathead River basins, Montana and Idaho_________________________________________ 215 Floods of May 27-28 in Panola and Lafayette Comities, Mississippi__ 215 Floods of June 8 in the Little Miami and the Miami River basins, Ohio_______________________________________________________ 220 Floods of June 9-10 in the Red River basin, Texas________________ 221 Floods of June 11 in the Bad River basin, South Dakota___________ 223 Floods of June 1954 in Iowa____________________________________ 223 Floods of June 17 in Nebraska___________________________________ 225 Floods of June 27-July 1 in the Rio Grande basin, Texas___________ 228 Floods of July 19 in West Virginia_______________________________ 230 Floods of July 20 in Miami, Arizona_____________________________ 231 Floods of July 21 in Paint Creek basin, Ohio______________________ 233 Floods of July 22-23 in the Purgatoire River basin, Colorado______ 234 Floods of Juiy 29 in Pinal Creek, Arizona_________________________ 238 Floods of August 4-5 in the Santa Cruz River basin, Arizona_______ 239 Floods of August 19 in Upper Queen Creek basin, Arizona__________ 240 Floods of August 19 and 24 in eastern Washington_________________ 241 Floods of September 5 in Little Beaver Creek basin, Montana_______ 241 Floods of September 11-14, New Jersey to Maine_________________ 243 Floods of October 6-8 in the Pecos River basin, New Mexico_______ 247 Floods of October 1954 in the Chicago area, Illinois and Indiana____ 249 Floods of October in the Eastern States__________________________ 252 Floods of November 18-19 in western Washington_________________ 258 Index____________________________________________________________ 261 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates are in pocket] PLATE 2. Map of flood area showing location of flood-determination points and precipitation, in inches, April 25-May 3, Minnesota and Wisconsin. Floods of April 30-May 3, 1954. v VI CONTENTS PLATE 3. Map of flood area showing location of flood-determination points and precipitation, in inches, September 11-12, New Jersey to Maine. Floods of September 11-14, 1954. 4. Map of flood area showing isohyetal lines for total rainfall, in inches, October 5-7, in Pecos River basin, New Mexico. Floods of October 6-8, 1954. 5. Map of flood area showing location of flood-determination points, Eastern States. Floods of October 1954. Page FIGURE 41. Map of part of the United States, showing outline of areas for which reports were prepared, 1954______________________ 202 42. Map of flood area, January 21-27 in North Carolina, Tennes- see, and Alabama_______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 204 43. Map of flood area, February 16-17 in southeastern Michigan__ 206 44. Map of flood area, April 4-6 in northeastern Montana______ 208 45. Map of flood area, April 12-13 in Bull Creek basin, Texas___ 210 46. Map of flood area, April 15 in west-central Wisconsin_______ 211 47. Map of flood area, April 29-30 in west-central Oklahoma____ 212 48. Map of flood area, May 18-23 in the Kootenai and the Flat- head River basins, Montana and Idaho_________________ 216 49. Map of flood area, May 27-28 in Panola and Lafayette Counties, Miss_______________________________________ 218 50. Discharge hydrograph, Clear Creek near Oxford, Miss., May 1954________________________________________________ 219 51. Map of flood area, June 8 in the Little Miami and the Miami River basins, Ohio_____________________________ 221 52. Map of flood area, Jun~ 9-10 in the Red River basin, Texas__ 222 53. Map of flood area, June 11 in the Bad River basin, South Dakota_____________________________________________ 224 54. Stage hydrograph, Bad River near Fort Pierre, S. Dak,, June 1954________________________________________________ 225 55. Map of flood area, June 17 in Nebraska___________________ 226 56. Map of flood area, June 27-July 1 in the Rio Grande basin, Texas_______________________________________________ 229 57. Map of flood area, July 19 in West Virginia_______________ 231 58. Map of flood area, July 20 in Miami, Arizona______________ 232 59. Map of flood area, July 21 in Paint Creek basin, Ohio_______ 233 60. Map cf flood area, July 22-23 in the Purgatoire River basin, Colorado____________________________________________ 235 61. Hydrograph of discharge in Purgatoire River, July 22-24___ _ 236 62. Map of flood area, July 29 in Pinal Creek, Arizona-----.---- 238 63. Map of flood area, August 4-5 in the Santa Cruz River basin, Arizona_____________________________________________ 239 64. Map of flood area, August 19 in Upper Queen Creek basin, Arizona_____________________________________________ 240 65. Map of flood areas, August 19 and 24 in eastern Washington_ 242 66. Map of flood area, September 5 in Little Beaver Creek basin, Montana-----------------------------------~-------- 243 67. Discharge hydrographs for the Hondo River at Diamond A Ranch near Roswell and the Pecos River near Artesia_____ 249 68. Map showing total precipitation, in inches, October 15-16; and path of hurricane Hazel. The floods of October in EasternStates--------------------------------------- 253 69. Map of .flood area, November 18-19 in western Washington__ 258 CONTENTS VII TABLES Page TABLE 1. Rainfall, in inches, at Weather Bureau statons, January 2o-23, 1954 in North Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabama_____ _ _ _ _ _ _ 204 2. Summary of flood stages and discharges, January 21-27, in North Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabl'tma_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 205 3. Summary of flood stages and discharges, February 16-17, in southeastern ~ichigan_________________________________ 207 4. Summary of flood stages and discharges, April 4-6 in north- eastern ~ontana______________________________________ 209 5. Summary of :flood stages and discharges, April 29-30 in west- central 0 klahoma_ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 213 6. Summary of flood stages and discharges, April 30-~ay 3 in ~innesota and Wisconsin--------------------------~--- 214 7. Summary of flood stages and discharges, ~ay 18-23 in the Kootenai and the Flathead River basins, ~ontana and Idaho________________________________________________ 217 8. Summary of flood discharges, ~ay 27-28 in Panola and Lafayette Counties, ~iss_______________________________ 220 9. Summary of flood stages and discharges, June 8 in the Little ~iami and the ~iami River basins, Ohio________________ 222 10. Summary of flood stages and discharges, June 9-10 in the Red River basin, Texas____________________________________ 223 11. Rainfall, in inches, at Weather Bureau stations, June 15-17, 1954, in Nebraska_____________________________________ 227 12. Summary of flood stages and discharges, June 17 in Nebraska__ 227 13. Summary of flood stages and discharges, June 27-July 1 in the Rio Grande basin, Texas__________________________ 230 14. Summary of flood stages and discharges, July 19 in West Virginia______________________________________________ 232 15. Summary of flood stages and discharges, July 21 in Paint Creek basin, Ohio_____________________________________ 234 16. Summary of flood stages and discharges, July 22-23 in the Purgatoire River basin, Colorado________________________ 237 17. Rainfall, in inches, at Weather Bureau stations, August 3-5, 1954, in the Santa Cruz River basin, Arizona_____________ 240 18. Summary of flood stages and discharges, August 19 and 24 in eastern Washington_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 J 19. Summary of flood stages and discharges, September 11-14, New Jersey to ~aine__ __ ___ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _____ _ __ __ __ _ _ ___ _ 245 20. Summary of flood stages and discharges, October 6-8 in the Pecos River basin, New ~exico_________________________ 250 21. Summary of flood stages and discharges, October in the Eastern States_______________________________________________ 254 22.