The Thorn Birds Colleen Mccullough

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Thorn Birds Colleen Mccullough THE THORN BIRDS COLLEEN MCCULLOUGH This is a work of fiction and any resemblance between the characters in this book and real persons is coincidental. A portion of this work originally appeared in Family Circle. Verses from "Clancy of the Overflow" by A. B. Paterson reprinted by permission of the copyright proprietor and Angus and Robertson Publishers. Photograph of the author by Jim Kalett. AVON BOOKS A division of The Hearst Corporation 959 Eighth Avenue New York, New York 10 Copyright (c 1977 by Colleen McCullough Published by arrangement with Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-26271 ISBN: All rights reserved, which includes the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form whatsoever. For information address Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., 10 East 53 Street, New York, New York 10 First Avon Printing, June, 1 AVON TRADEMARK REG. U.s. PAT. OFF. AND IN OTHER COUNTRIES, MARCA BEGISTRADA, HECHO EN U.s.a. Printed in Canada for "big sister" Jean Easthope CONTENTS ONE 1915-1917 Meggie 3 TWO 1921-1928 Ralph 65 THREE 1929-1932 Paddy 215 FOUR 1933-1938 Luke 283 FIVE 1938-1953 Fee 427 SIX 1954-1965 Dane 525 SEVEN 1965-1969 Justine 655 There is a legend about a bird which sings just once in its life, more sweetly than any other creature on the face of the earth. From the moment it leaves the nest it searches for a thorn tree, and does not rest until it has found one. Then, singing among the savage branches, it impales itself upon the longest, sharpest spine. And, dying, it rises above its own agony to out- carol the lark and the nightingale. One superlative song, existence the price. But the whole world stills to listen, and God in His heaven smiles. For the best is only bought at the cost of great pain .... Or so says the legend. ONE 1915-1917 MEGGIE 1 On December 8th, 1915, Meggie Cleary had her fourth birthday. After the breakfast dishes were put away her mother silently thrust a brown paper parcel into her arms and ordered her outside. So Meggie squatted down behind the gorse bush next to the front gate and tugged impatiently. Her fingers were clumsy, the wrapping heavy; it smelled faintly of the Wahine general store, which told her that whatever lay inside the parcel had miraculously been bought, not homemade or donated. Something fine and mistily gold began to poke through a corner; she attacked the paper faster, peeling it away in long, ragged strips. "Agnes! Oh, Agnes!" she said lovingly, blinking at the doll lying there in a tattered nest. A miracle indeed. Only once in her life had Meggie been into Wahine; all the way back in May, because she had been a very good girl. So perched in the buggy beside her mother, on her best behavior, she had been too excited to see or remember much. Except for Agnes, the beautiful doll sitting on the store counter, dressed in a crinoline of pink satin with cream lace frills all over it. Right then and there in her mind she had christened it Agnes, the only name she knew elegant enough for such a peerless creature. Yet over the ensuing months her yearning after Agnes contained nothing of hope; Meggie didn't own a doll and had no idea little girls and dolls belonged together. She played happily with the whistles and slingshots and battered soldiers her brothers discarded, got her hands dirty and her boots muddy. It never occurred to her that Agnes was to play with. Stroking the bright pink folds of the dress, grander than any she had ever seen on a human woman, she picked Agnes up tenderly. The doll had jointed arms and legs which could be moved anywhere; even her neck and tiny, shapely waist were jointed. Her golden hair was exquisitely dressed in a high pompadour studded with pearls, her pale bosom peeped out of a foaming fichu of cream lace fastened with a pearl pin. The finely painted bone china face was beautiful, left unglazed to give the delicately tinted skin a natural matte texture. Astonishingly lifelike blue eyes shone between lashes of real hair, their irises streaked and circled with a darker blue; fascinated, Meggie discovered that when Agnes lay back far enough, her eyes closed. High on one faintly flushed cheek she had a black beauty mark, and her dusky mouth was parted slightly to show tiny white teeth. Meggie put the doll gently on her lap, crossed her feet under her comfortably, and sat just looking. She was still sitting behind the gorse bush when Jack and Hughie came rustling through the grass where it was too close to the fence to feel a scythe. Her hair was the typical Cleary beacon, all the Cleary children save Frank being martyred by a thatch some shade of red; Jack nudged his brother and pointed gleefully. They separated, grinning at each other, and pretended they were troopers after a Maori renegade. Meggie would not have heard them anyway, so engrossed was she in Agnes, humming softly to herself. "What's that you've got, Meggie?" Jack shouted, pouncing. "Show us!" "Yes, show us!" Hughie giggled, outflanking her. She clasped the doll against her chest and shook her head. "No, she's mine! I got her for my birthday!" "Show us, go on! We just want to have a look." Pride and joy won out. She held the doll so her brothers could see. "Look, isn't she beautiful? Her name is Agnes." "Agnes? Agnes?" Jack gagged realistically. "What a soppy name! Why don't you call her Margaret or Betty?" "Because she's Agnes!" Hughie noticed the joint in the doll's wrist, and whistled. "Hey, Jack, look! It can move its hand!" "Where? Let's see." "No!" Meggie hugged the doll close again, tears forming. "No, you'll break her! Oh, Jack, don't take her away-you'll break her!" "Pooh!" His dirty brown hands locked about her wrists, closing tightly. "Want a Chinese burn? And don't be such a crybaby, or I'll tell Bob." He squeezed her skin in opposite directions until it stretched whitely, as Hughie got hold of the doll's skirts and pulled. "Gimme, or I'll do it really hard!" "No! Don't, Jack, please don't! You'll break her, I know you will! Oh, please leave her alone! Don't take her, please!" In spite of the cruel grip on her wrists she clung to the doll, sobbing and kicking. "Got it" Hughie whooped, as the doll slid under Meggie's crossed forearms. Jack and Hughie found her just as fascinating as Meggie had; off came the dress, the petticoats and long, frilly drawers. Agnes lay naked while the boys pushed and pulled at her, forcing one foot round the back of her head, making her look down her spine, every possible contortion they could think of. They took no notice of Meggie as she stood crying; it did not occur to her to seek help, for in the Cleary family those who could not fight their own battles got scant aid or sympathy, and that went for girls, too. The doll's golden hair tumbled down, the pearls flew winking into the long grass and disappeared. A dusty boot came down thoughtlessly on the abandoned dress, smearing grease from the smithy across its satin. Meggie dropped to her knees, scrabbling frantically to collect the miniature clothes before more damage was done them, then she began picking among the grass blades where she thought the pearls might have fallen. Her tears were blinding her, the grief in her heart new, for until now she had never owned anything worth grieving for. Frank threw the shoe hissing into cold water and straightened his back; it didn't ache these days, so perhaps he was used to smithying. Not before time, his father would have said, after six months at it. But Frank knew very well how long it was since his introduction to the forge and anvil; he had measured the time in hatred and resentment. Throwing the hammer into its box, he pushed the lank black hair off his brow with a trembling hand and dragged the old leather apron from around his neck. His shirt lay on a heap of straw in the corner; he plodded across to it and stood for a moment staring at the splintering barn wall as if it did not exist, his black eyes wide and fixed. He was very small, not above five feet three inches, and thin still as striplings are, but the bare shoulders and arms had muscles already knotted from working with the hammer, and the pale, flawless skin gleamed with sweat. The darkness of his hair and eyes had a foreign tang, his full-lipped mouth and wide-bridged nose not the usual family shape, but there was Maori blood on his mother's side and in him it showed. He was nearly sixteen years old, where Bob was barely eleven, Jack ten, Hughie nine, Stuart five and little Meggie three. Then he remembered that today Meggie was four; it was December 8th. He put on his shirt and left the barn. The house lay on top of a small hill about one hundred feet higher than the barn and stables. Like all New Zealand houses, it was wooden, rambling over many squares and of one story only, on the theory that if an earthquake struck, some of it might be left standing.
Recommended publications
  • Blue Studios Rachel Blau Duplessis
    Blue Studios Rachel Blau Duplessis Poetry and its Cultural Work Blue Studios You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY POETICS Series Editors Charles Bernstein Hank Lazer Series Advisory Board Maria Damon Rachel Blau DuPlessis Alan Golding Susan Howe Nathaniel Mackey Jerome McGann Harryette Mullen Aldon Nielsen Marjorie Perloff Joan Retallack Ron Silliman Jerry Ward You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. Blue Studios Poetry and Its Cultural Work RACHEL BLAU DUPLESSIS THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA PRESS Tuscaloosa You are reading copyrighted material published by the University of Alabama Press. Any posting, copying, or distributing of this work beyond fair use as defined under U.S. Copyright law is illegal and injures the author and publisher. For permission to reuse this work, contact the University of Alabama Press. Copyright © 2006 The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380 All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Typeface: Minion ∞ The paper on which this book is printed meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Mate- rials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reckoning, by Robert W
    1 CHAPTER I CHAPTER II CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IX CHAPTER X CHAPTER XI CHAPTER XII CHAPTER XIII CHAPTER XIV CHAPTER XV CHAPTER XVI The Reckoning, by Robert W. Chambers 2 The Reckoning, by Robert W. Chambers The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Reckoning, by Robert W. Chambers This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The Reckoning Author: Robert W. Chambers Release Date: May 12, 2008 [EBook #25441] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE RECKONING *** Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Illustration: Elsin Grey.] The RECKONING BY ROBERT W. CHAMBERS The Reckoning, by Robert W. Chambers 3 AUTHOR OF "CARDIGAN," "THE MAID-AT-ARMS," "THE KING IN YELLOW," ETC. NEW YORK A. WESSELS COMPANY 1907 Copyright, 1905, by ROBERT W. CHAMBERS Published September, 1905 PRESS OF BRAUNWORTH & CO. BOOKBINDERS AND PRINTERS BROOKLYN, N.Y. PREFACE The author's intention is to treat, in a series of four or five romances, that part of the war for independence which particularly affected the great landed families of northern New York: the Johnsons, represented by Sir William, Sir John, Guy Johnson, and Colonel Claus; the notorious Butlers, father and son; the Schuylers, Van Rensselaers, and others.
    [Show full text]
  • Songs by Title
    Songs by Title Title Artist Title Artist #1 Goldfrapp (Medley) Can't Help Falling Elvis Presley John Legend In Love Nelly (Medley) It's Now Or Never Elvis Presley Pharrell Ft Kanye West (Medley) One Night Elvis Presley Skye Sweetnam (Medley) Rock & Roll Mike Denver Skye Sweetnam Christmas Tinchy Stryder Ft N Dubz (Medley) Such A Night Elvis Presley #1 Crush Garbage (Medley) Surrender Elvis Presley #1 Enemy Chipmunks Ft Daisy Dares (Medley) Suspicion Elvis Presley You (Medley) Teddy Bear Elvis Presley Daisy Dares You & (Olivia) Lost And Turned Whispers Chipmunk Out #1 Spot (TH) Ludacris (You Gotta) Fight For Your Richard Cheese #9 Dream John Lennon Right (To Party) & All That Jazz Catherine Zeta Jones +1 (Workout Mix) Martin Solveig & Sam White & Get Away Esquires 007 (Shanty Town) Desmond Dekker & I Ciara 03 Bonnie & Clyde Jay Z Ft Beyonce & I Am Telling You Im Not Jennifer Hudson Going 1 3 Dog Night & I Love Her Beatles Backstreet Boys & I Love You So Elvis Presley Chorus Line Hirley Bassey Creed Perry Como Faith Hill & If I Had Teddy Pendergrass HearSay & It Stoned Me Van Morrison Mary J Blige Ft U2 & Our Feelings Babyface Metallica & She Said Lucas Prata Tammy Wynette Ft George Jones & She Was Talking Heads Tyrese & So It Goes Billy Joel U2 & Still Reba McEntire U2 Ft Mary J Blige & The Angels Sing Barry Manilow 1 & 1 Robert Miles & The Beat Goes On Whispers 1 000 Times A Day Patty Loveless & The Cradle Will Rock Van Halen 1 2 I Love You Clay Walker & The Crowd Goes Wild Mark Wills 1 2 Step Ciara Ft Missy Elliott & The Grass Wont Pay
    [Show full text]
  • Steam Engine Time 5
    Steam Engine T ime PRIEST’S ‘THE SEPARATION’ MEMOS FROM NORSTRILIA CENSORSHIP IN AUSTRALIA POLITICS AND SF Harry Hennessey Buerkett James Doig Paul Kincaid Gillian Polack Eric S. Raymond Milan Smiljkovic Janine Stinson Issue 5 September 2006 Steam Engine T ime 5 STEAM ENGINE TIME No. 5, September 2006 is edited and published by Bruce Gillespie, 5 Howard Street, Greensborough VIC 3088, Australia ([email protected]) and Janine Stinson, PO Box 248, Eastlake, MI 49626-0248, USA ([email protected]). Members fwa. First edition is in .PDF file format from eFanzines.com or from either of our email addresses. Print edition available for The Usual (letters or substantial emails of comment, artistic contributions, articles, reviews, traded publications or review copies) or subscriptions (Australia: $40 for 5, cheques to ‘Gillespie & Cochrane Pty Ltd’; Overseas: $US30 or £15 for 5, or equivalent, airmail; please send folding money, not cheques). Printed by Copy Place, 415 Bourke Street, Melbourne VIC 3000. The print edition is made possible by a generous financial donation. Graphics Ditmar (Dick Jenssen) (front cover). Photographs Covers of various books and magazines discussed in this issue; plus photos of (p. 5) Christopher Priest, by Ian Maule; (p. 24) Roger Dard, supplied by Kim Huett; (p. 25) Roger Dard fanzine contributions, supplied by Kim Huett; (p. 32) Nigel Burwood, Martin Stone and Bill Blackbeard, by John Baxter; (p. 39) David Boutland. 3 EDITORIAL 1: 32 Letters of comment ‘Dream your dreams’: A meditation on Babylon 5 John Baxter Janine Stinson Rosaleen Love Steve Jeffery 4 EDITORIAL 2 E. B. Frohvet Bruce Gillespie Steve Sneyd Sydney J.
    [Show full text]
  • Places of Publication and the Australian Book Trade: a Study of Angus & Robertson’S London Office, 1938-1970
    Places of Publication and the Australian Book Trade: A Study of Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1938-1970 By Jason Donald Ensor BA (UQ) Post Grad Dip Australian Studies (UQ) MA (UQ) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Humanities Research Institute and School of Media, Communications and Culture Murdoch University Perth, Western Australia October 2010 CONTENTS Abstract iv Statement of Originality v Acknowledgements iv Author’s Note x Photo: The London Office Circa 1950s ix 1 Introduction 1 Sample Documents 24 2 Is a Picture Worth 10,175 Australian Novels? 28 The Australian Book Trade, 1930 to the Second World War 3 Reprints, International Markets and Local Literary Taste 54 4 “The special preserve” of British publishers: Imported Titles and the Australian Book Trade, 1930 68 5 “A policy of splendid isolation”: Angus & Robertson (Sydney), British Publishers and the Politics of Co-operation, 1933 to the Second World War 101 Angus & Robertson’s London Office, Second World War to 1956 6 “We are just boys from the bush when it comes to publishing in London”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, Second World War to 1949 130 7 The Case of the “Bombshell Salesman”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1950 to 1952 159 8 “Too Australian to be any good in England”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1953 to 1956 191 Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1957-1970 9 “Kicked to pieces”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1957 to 1961 216 10 “Re-assembling the pieces”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1962-1965 255 11 “Taking some of the sail off the ship”: Angus & Robertson’s London Office, 1966-1970 289 12 Learning from a Distance (Conclusion): Angus & Robertson, Exports and Places of Publication 316 Appendixes A-E 325 Bibliography 374 ABSTRACT Places of Publication is a sustained study of the practice of Angus & Robertson’s London office as publishers and exporters / importers, using a mixed-methods approach combining the statistical analysis of bibliographic data with an interpretative history of primary resource materials.
    [Show full text]
  • The AGA Song Book up to Date
    3rd Edition Songs, Poems, Stories and More! Edited by Bob Felice Published by The American Go Association P.O. Box 397, Old Chelsea Station New York, N.Y., 10113-0397 Copyright 1998, 2002, 2006 in the U.S.A. by the American Go Association, except where noted. Cover illustration by Jim Rodgers. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the copyright holder, except for brief quotations used as part of a critical review. Introductions Introduction to the 1st Edition When I attended my first Go Congress three years ago I was astounded by the sheer number of silly Go songs everyone knew. At the next Congress, I wondered if all these musical treasures had ever been printed. Some research revealed that the late Bob High had put together three collections of Go songs, but the last of these appeared in 1990. Very few people had these song books, and some, like me, weren’t even aware that they existed. While new songs had been printed in the American Go Journal, there was clearly a need for a new collection of Go songs. Last year I decided to do whatever I could to bring the AGA Song Book up to date. I wanted to collect as many of the old songs as I could find, as well as the new songs that had been written since Bob High’s last song book. You are holding in your hands the book I was looking for two years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing the Butter Value Chain in Ethiopia
    LIVES WORKING PAPER 1 PAPER WORKING LIVES Developing the butter value chain in Ethiopia ISBN 92–9146–366–3 Livestock and irrigation value chains for Ethiopian smallholders project aims to improve the competitiveness, sustainability and equity of value chains for selected high‐value livestock and irrigated crop commodities in target areas of four regions of Ethiopia. It identifies, targets and promotes improved technologies and innovations to develop high value livestock and irrigated crop value chains; it improves the capacities of Livestock and Irrigation Value chains for Ethiopian Smallholders value chain actors; it improves the use of knowledge at different levels; it generates knowledge through action‐oriented research; and it promotes and disseminates good practices. Project carried out with the financial support of the Government of Canada provided through Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada (DFATD). lives-ethiopia.org The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) works to improve food security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for better and more sustainable use of livestock. ILRI is a member of the CGIAR Consortium, a global research partnership of 15 centres working with many partners for a food-secure future. ILRI has two main campuses in East Africa and other hubs in East, West and southern Africa and South, Southeast and East Asia. ilri.org The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is a non-profit, scientific research organization focusing on the sustainable use of water and land resources in developing countries. It is headquartered in Colombo, Sri Lanka, with regional offices across Asia and Africa. IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a real impact on poverty reduction, food security and ecosystem health.
    [Show full text]
  • [email protected] Website: Nightshift.Oxfordmusic.Net Free Every Month
    email: [email protected] website: nightshift.oxfordmusic.net Free every month. NIGHTSHIFT Issue 122 September Oxford’s Music Magazine 2005 SupergrassSupergrassSupergrass on a road less travelled plus 4-Page Truck Festival Review - inside NIGHTSHIFT: PO Box 312, Kidlington, OX5 1ZU. Phone: 01865 372255 NEWNEWSS Nightshift: PO Box 312, Kidlington, OX5 1ZU Phone: 01865 372255 email: [email protected] THE YOUNG KNIVES won You Now’, ‘Water and Wine’ and themselves a coveted slot at V ‘Gravity Flow’. In addition, the CD Festival last month after being comes with a bonus DVD which picked by Channel 4 and Virgin features a documentary following Mobile from over 1,000 new bands Mark over the past two years as he to open the festival on the Channel recorded the album, plus alternative 4 stage, alongside The Chemical versions of some tracks. Brothers, Doves, Kaiser Chiefs and The Magic Numbers. Their set was THE DOWNLOAD appears to have then broadcast by Channel 4. been given an indefinite extended Meanwhile, the band are currently in run by the BBC. The local music the studio with producer Andy Gill, show, which is broadcast on BBC recording their new single, ‘The Radio Oxford 95.2fm every Saturday THE MAGIC NUMBERS return to Oxford in November, leading an Decision’, due for release on from 6-7pm, has had a rolling impressive list of big name acts coming to town in the next few months. Transgressive in November. The monthly extension running through After their triumphant Truck Festival headline set last month, The Magic th Knives have also signed a publishing the summer, and with the positive Numbers (pictured) play at Brookes University on Tuesday 11 October.
    [Show full text]
  • Cornell Alumni Magazine, NY, and Additional Mail C/O Public Affairs Records, 130 East Seneca St., Suite 400, Ithaca, NY 14850-4353
    c1-c4CAMjf11 12/16/10 10:18 AM Page c1 January | February 2011 $6.00 Alumni Corne Magazine Ghost World Photos Bridge Ithaca’s Past and Present cornellalumnimagazine.com c1-c4CAMjf11 12/16/10 10:18 AM Page c2 001-001CAMjf11toc 12/17/10 10:35 AM Page 1 January / February 2011 Volume 113 Number 4 In This Issue Corne Alumni Magazine 4 2 From David Skorton Money matters 4 The Big Picture A big blow-up 6 Correspondence Suicide prevention 9 Letter from Ithaca Shirt off their backs 10 From the Hill Oh, the humanities! 14 Sports Wrestle mania 17 Authors It’s all right 24 Summer Programs and Sports Camps 20 40 Wines of the Finger Lakes Swedish Hill Cynthia Marie Port 54 Classifieds & Cornellians in Business 55 Alma Matters 58 Class Notes 95 Alumni Deaths 48 96 Cornelliana 42 Through a Glass, Darkly Conserving a conservatory? FRANKLIN CRAWFORD Urban renewal was kinder to Ithaca than to some Upstate cities, but over the past cen- Currents tury many stately buildings have still been lost—from Ezra Cornell’s Free Circulating Library to Alonzo Cornell’s mansion to the grand old Strand Theatre. In a series of photos recently exhibited at the History Center of Tompkins County, former visiting professor Mark Iwinski captures the ghostly images of bygone structures superimposed 20 Flour Power over what stands in their place. Often, it isn’t pretty. Milling the old-fashioned way Starry Nights 48 Vegging In Cosmic storyteller BETH SAULNIER Eat Different Promoting a plant-based diet When the Moosewood Restaurant served its first meal thirty-eight years ago this month, the owners were still trying to figure out how to run the steam table (and the entrée Learning Curve was two hours late).
    [Show full text]
  • Of Ghee V. Butter Melting
    GHEE PROCESSING 1 INTRODUCTION The word Ghee comes from old Sanskrit word “ghr”, which mean bright or to make bright. Ghee has a religious significance in the communities of Hindus starting from the birth ceremony to the last funeral rite. About 60-70% of total ghee produced in India is used for direct consumption, dressing, and almost 15-20% for the cooking and frying of foods. India exports Rs 550 crore dairy items during Covid-19, Ghee tops the list with Rs 1,521 crore. 2 INTRODUCTION As per FSSR-2011, ghee means the pure heat clarified fat derived solely from milk or curd or from desi (cooking) butter or from cream to which no coloring matter or preservative has been added. Generally Ghee has a long keeping quality; it can be stored for 6 to 12 months under ambient temperature provided proper packaging and filling. Exposure of ghee to light, air, water vapor and metals causes deterioration of ghee which resulted into off flavor and rancidity. 3 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GHEE Constituents Cow milk ghee Buffalo milk ghee Fat (%) 99 – 99.5 99 – 99.5 Moisture (%) <0.5 <0.5 Carotene(mg/g) 3.2-7.4 - Vitamin A(IU/g) 19-34 17-38 Cholesterol 302 – 362 209 – 312 (mg/100g) Tocopherol(mg/g) 26 – 48 18 – 31 Free fatty acid (%) 2.8 2.8 Source: (R.P.Aneja et al., Technology of Indian milk products, Dairy India publication. Section 3.4: Fat rich dairy products, page 187.) 4 ANALYTICAL CONSTANT OF BUFFALO & COW GHEE Constants Buffalo Ghee Cow Ghee Butyro-refractometer (BR) reading 42.0 42.3 Sponification value 230.1 227.3 Reichert-Miessel (RM)
    [Show full text]
  • JULIA, ANNE, MARIE PONT Née Le 22 Avril 1975 À PARIS XVI
    ENVT ANNEE 2003 THESE : 2003- TOU 3 DES ANIMAUX, DES GUERRES ET DES HOMMES De l’utilisation des animaux dans les guerres de l’antiquité à nos jours THESE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR VETERINAIRE DIPLOME D’ETAT Présentée et soutenue publiquement en 2003 Devant l’Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse Par JULIA, ANNE, MARIE PONT Née le 22 avril 1975 à PARIS XVI Directeur de thèse : M. le Professeur Michel FRANC JURY Liste des professeurs 2 A Monsieur le Professeur …. 3 Professeur de la faculté de Médecine de Toulouse Qui nous a fait l’honneur d’accepter la présidence de notre jury de thèse A Monsieur le Professeur Michel Franc Professeur à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Qui a accepté de diriger cette thèse, pour la confiance et la patience qu’il a bien voulu m’accorder. Je vous témoigne toute ma gratitude et ma profonde reconnaissance. A Monsieur….. Professeur à l’Ecole Nationale vétérinaire de Toulouse Pour l’attention qu’il a bien voulu apporter à l’examen de ce travail 4 A mes parents, présents au jour le jour. Ce que je suis aujourd’hui je vous le dois. Vous m’avez épaulée dans chaque moment de ma vie, soutenue dans tous les tracas et les aléas de l’existence, poussée en avant pour tenter de donner le meilleur de moi-même. Si aujourd’hui je réalise mon rêve d’enfant, c’est en grande partie grâce à vous, à la ligne de conduite que vous m’avez montrée, autant dans ma vie personnelle que professionnelle.
    [Show full text]
  • Officers Named by Bruneau Group Are Not Accepting Posts Flying
    —It takes a woman to do —The real bone of a bang-op job of parking contention is in the a car. The Glengarry News jaw. THE FINEST WEEKLY NEWSPAPER IN EASTERN ONTARIO VOL. LXII—No. 17 ALEXANDRIA, ONTARIO, FRIDAY, APRIL 24th, 1953 SINGLE COPY 7c Officers Named By Bruneau Glengarry Priests Visit Grave Of Away Since 1907 But Flying Seguin From B.C. To District Soldier Killed In Japan Still Wants Home News Among our new subscribers Stand Trial In Hurd Murder Group Are Not Accepting Posts this week is a Glengarrian who has been In the West for 46 Six Key Men Advise Eastern Ontario years but who, in his own Defence Lawyers May Ask Change words, is “still very interested in Liberal Federation Head That They the news from Glengarry”. Of Venue From Cornwall To Ottawa Do Not Recognize New Group John A. McNaughton of 220- Prisoner Being Brought To Toronto 6th Ave. West, Prince Rupert, Aftermath of a meeting at Hawkesbury last Friday night when a B.C., writes that he was bom in Henry Seguin, 35-year-old Cornwall man, is being flown from British Lancaster, May 9th, 1883, and rival group to the recently organized Glengarry - Presoott Federal Liberal Columbia to Toronto on Sunday, to face trial in the murder of Leonard left for the West in June, 1907. Association formed a new two-county association — six men named as Hurd, Maxville, shot (to death in his taxi near Maxville last August. My brother, Peter McNaughton Inspector Robert Wannell of the Ontario Provincial Police, Toronto, and .key officiais of the latter group have indicated they do not recognize it of Green Valley, sends me a and are not accepting any office.
    [Show full text]