COST Social Sciences and Humanities

COST Action (A34)

GENDER AND WELL-BEING: INTERACTION BETWEEN WORK, FAMILY AND PUBLIC POLICIES

SOCIAL INDICATORS REPORT 2005-06 HUNGARY

Reporter: Tamás Faragó

CONTENTS

1. Introduction p.3. 2. Bibliography 2.1 Public reports p.4. 2.2 Bibliography of academic research p.10. 2.2.1. Historical research p.10. 2.2.2. Contemporary research p.29. 3. Institutions involved in research p.45.

1. Introduction

This report is trying to summarize the research connected to gender and well being in wide sense as well as to present the structure of different institutions and organs, hosting, stimulating and doing the research work. The report is covering not only the home researches but also the known works about Hungarian conditions made and/or published in abroad. This must be an important point of our knowledge – especially before 1990. The bibliography is trying to put the weight in the case of the presented materials on the works published on important foreign languages (English, French, and German). Hungarian language publications are included only in special case: because of their importance and the missing foreign language version. (Titles are translated.) Unfortunately in the case of institutional homepages, the researcher must be calculated with language difficulties. They often have no English homepeges or if such a version exists, its content is nearly alwavs simplified compare with the living Hungarian one.

We did not write a list of experts because the reader easily can pick up the most important names from the bibliography and 80 percentages of them – who is still active – can be found on the institutional homepages between the staff. (Probably some of the historians are not included there – if you do not find somebody please feel free to ask me about their contact possibilities.)

2. Bibliography

2.1 Public reports

2.1.1. Reports issued by international institutions

Demography, health and family

Forgacs I. 1984. Strategies et techniques d'application des projections relatives aux personnels de sante et a d'autres questions interessant la sante: le cas de la Hongrie. World Health Statistics Quarterly. Rapport / Trimestriel de Statistiques Sanitaires Mondiales. 37 (3) :256-70. Goglio, Alessandro 2005. In search of efficiency: Improving health care in Hungary OECD Economics Department Working Papers no. 446. Kamarás, Ferenc 1999. Fertility and family surveys in countries of the ECE region: standard country report – Hungary. United Nations, New York and Geneva. (United Nations Population Fund, Economic studies no. 10.) Klinger András. 1979. Birth control and family planning in Hungary in the last two decades. World health statistics quarterly. 32 (4) 257-68. ______. 1984. Population policy measures: effects on reproductive behavior in Hungary. Population Bulletin of the United Nations. (17) 64-79. Klinger, András 1993. The demographic situation of Hungary in Europe. Strasbourg : Council of Europe. (Population studies; 27.) United Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs. 1989. Case studies in population policy: Hungary. New York, New York, United Nations. (Population Policy Paper No. 19 ST/ESA/SER.R/87)

Gender

Barta B. et al. 1983. Interdependence between female employment and fertility in Hungary Geneva, Switzerland, ILO, World Employment Program, Population and Labour Policies Program, 1983. (Working Paper no. 129.) Barta B. et al. 1984. Fertility, female employment and policy measures in Hungary Geneva, Switzerland, ILO. (Women, Work and Development no. 6) Barta B. et al.1985. Hungary. in Working women in socialist countries: the fertility connection, edited by Valentina Bodrova and Richard Anker. Geneva, Switzerland, International Labour Office. :23-55. (WEP Study) Fodor, Éva 2005. The status of women in the labour markets of the Czech Republic. Hungary and Poland. UNRISD Occasional papers (UN Publications, NY). Fultz, Elaine, Markus Ruck and Silke Steinhilber (eds.) 2003. The gender dimensions of social security reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Case studies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Budapest: International Labour Office. Lado M. 1992. Country papers: Hungary. A. Women in the transition to a market economy. in The impact of economic and political reform on the status of women in Eastern Europe: proceedings of a United Nations regional seminar, Vienna, 8- 12 April 1991, [compiled by] United Nations. Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs. New York, New York, United Nations, 46-9. (ST/CSDHA/19) Pető, Andrea and Szilvia Szabó (eds.) 2004 Report on the situation of women and men in the countries of transition. La situation des Femmes dans les pays en transition. Council of Europe. Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men, Budapest. Szalai J. 1992. Country papers: Hungary. B. Some aspects of the changing situation of women in the process of transition. in The impact of economic and political reform on the status of women in Eastern Europe: proceedings of a United Nations regional seminar, Vienna, 8-12 April 1991, [compiled by] United Nations. Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs. New York, New York, United Nations, :49-53. (ST/CSDHA/19) United Nations. Centre for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs. 1992.The impact of economic and political reform on the status of women in Eastern Europe. Proceedings of a United Nations regional seminar, Vienna, 8-12 April 1991. New York, New York, United Nations, (ST/CSDHA/19) USAID 1991.Hungary: gender issues in the transition to a market economy. [Washington, D.C.], United States Agency for International Development, Office of Women in Development, Bureau for Research and Development, Dec. [3], v, 61.

Labour

Allison, Christine Helen and Dena Ringold 1996. Labor markets in transition in Central and Eastern Europe: 1989-1995. Washington D.C. World Bank. SKU: 13834. (World Bank Technical Paper No. 352.) Barr, Nicholas (ed.) 1994. Labor markets and social policy in Central and Eastern Europe: The transition and beyond, Washington D.C. World Bank, Oxford University Press. SKU: 60998. OECD 1995. Social and labour market policies in Hungary. Paris, OECD Centre for Co- operation with the Economies in Transition. Róbert, Péter end Endre Sík 1989. Gaps in the labour market. in Horváth D.T., Sziráczki G. (ed.): Flexibility and Rigidity in the Labour Market in Hungary. International Institute for Labour Studies, Geneva, 1989. 81-94.

Society and welfare

Albert Fruzsina - Ferge Zsuzsa 1996. Supportive relations in Central-Eastern Europe. in Ferge Zs., Sik E., Róbert P., Albert F.: Social costs of transition. International report. SOCO Working Paper. Ferge, Zsuzsa 1994. The reform of social policy in the post-totalitarian countries : Comments on the various reform strategies. in Restructuring social security in Central and Eastern Europe. A guide to recent developments, policy issues and options. Geneva : ISSA (International Social Security Association). Ferge, Zsuzsa and . 1995. Social costs of transition : International report on the social consequences of the transition. Vienna : Institute for Human Studies, Fultz, Elaine. 2002. Pension reform in Central and Eastern Europe. Budapest: International Labor Organization/CEET. Harcsa, I. –Spéder, Zs. 1999. Social reporting and social indicators movement in Hungary before and after the transformation. GESIS, EuReporting Working Paper No. 4. (Towards a European System of Social Reporting and Welfare Measurement project.) Lelkes, Orsolya 2006. Social exclusion in Central-Eastern Europe: Concept, measurement and policy interventions. Working Paper. European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research, Vienna - STEP Portugal, International Labour Office. Lelkes, Orsolya and Eszter Zólyomi, 2008. Reflection paper: Preparation and analysis of Eurobarometer on social exclusion European Commission Directorate-General "Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities" Unit E1 - Social and Demographic Analysis. Moser, Caroline and Cathy McIlwaine 1997. Household responses to poverty and vulnerability, Vol. 2: Confronting crisis in Angyalföld, Budapest, Hungary. Washington D.C. World Bank (SKU: 13848). Sík, Endre. 1991. Why social innovations are needed in care for the elderly: The Hungarian case in New welfare mixes in care for the elderly Vol 1. EUROSOCIAL Report, 40/1, 43-58. Sipos, Sándor and István György Tóth 1998. Poverty alleviation: social assistance and family benefits. in Bokros, Lajos – Dethier, Jean-Jacques: Public finance reform during the transition. The experience of Hungary. Washington, The World Bank, 287-316. Stropnik, Nada and Zsuzsa Ferge [et al.] 2002. Küzdelem a szegénység és a társadalmi kirekesztés ellen: esettanulmány Magyarországról. [Combating poverty and social exclusion: case study about Hungary.] Budapest, Internatiomal Labour Office. World Bank 1992. Hungary: Reform of social policy and expenditures. A World Bank country study. Distribution Unit, Office of the Publisher, Dept. F, World Bank, Washington, DC (ERIC #: ED378071)

Reports for the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women

(1st and 2nd. is not printed.)

Third periodic report of The Republic of Hungary for the UN on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against Women Budapest, 1995. (CEDAW/C/HUN/3) 4th and 5th periodic report of The Republic of Hungary to the UN on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. Budapest, 2000. (CEDAW/C/HUN/4-5) 6th periodic report of The Republic of Hungary to the UN on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women. Budapest, 2007. (CEDAW/C/HUN/6)

UNDP Human development reports: Special reports.

Kollányi, Margit et. al. 1996. Transition's problems and social support provided by local authorities. Budapest, UNDP. Fóti, Klára et al. 1998. Human development reports - United Nations Development Program. Population, demographic trends and human rights, National report, Hungary Budapest. UNDP. Fóti, Klára (ed.) 1999 Hungary. Human development report. Poverty and labour market. Budapest, United Nations Development Program and Institute for World Economics of the HAS. Fóti, Klára (ed.) 2003. Towards alleviating human poverty: Human development report Hungary, 2000–2002, Budapest, Institute for World Economics of the HAS Medgyesi, Márton et al. 2004. Millennium development goals reducing poverty and social exclusions. Hungary. Budapest, Tárki - UNDP.

2.1.2.. Reports issued by Hungarian institutions

Demography, health and family

Acsády György and András Klinger, Egon Szabady 1970. Family planning in Hungary : main results of the 1966 fertility and family planning (TCS) study. Budapest : KSH Népességtud. Kut. Int. (A KSH Népességtudományi Kutató Intézetének és a MTA Demográfiai Bizottságának közleményei.) Czibulka, Zoltán and Miklós Lakatos (comp.) 1994. Az időskorúak egészségi állapota. [The health conditions of the elderly people.] Budapest : KSH Népszámlálás. HCSO. 2002. Family in transition, 2001: the role of the family in social security and protection in the aftermath of the transition - UNDP project statistical component prep. at the Department of Living Standard and Human Resources Statistics, Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Budapest, KSH. Józan, Péter 1984-1989. Studies in mortality differentials. Budapest, Central Statistical Office Population Statistics Division. Kamarás, Ferenc 1988. Thirteen years after the date of marriage (longitudinal study of persons married in 1974, 1987). Budapest, Hungary, Központi Statisztikai Hivatal. Kamarás Ferenc and Zsuzsanna Oroszi, Lajos Bárány 1984. Longitudinal marriage surveys in Hungary : 1966-1980. [prep. at the Population Statistics Section of the Population Statistics Department of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office] Budapest : CSO, 1984. Mészáros István 1989. Termékenységi különbségek, családtervezési szokások, születésszabályozási magatartások, 1966-1986. [Fertility differentials, behaviour in family planning and fertility control between 1996 and 1986.] Budapest, CSO. Paksy András 2004. Az időskorúak egészségi állapotának jellemzői [Health status of the elderly population.] Budapest : KSH. Rédei Mária and Miklós Lakatos (eds.) 1999. Elderly people in the present-day Hungary. Central Statistical Office, Ministry of Social and Family Affairs; Budapest : [KSH].

Gender

KSH 1960. A nők helyzete régen és most: foglalkoztatottsági, bérezési, műveltségi és szociális viszonyok. [The position of women than and now: occupation, wage, culture and social conditions.] Budapest, SKV. KSH. 1962. A nők helyzete a munkahelyen és otthon. [The position of women in the working place and at home.] Budapest, SKV Kulcsár Rózsa and Ágnes Vajda (comp.) 1977. Adatgyűjtemény a kereső nőkről [Data collection on the working women.] Budapest, KSH. Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour 1995. Beijing+10 Evaluation of the implementation of the UN World Congress on Women (Beijing, 1995) Platform for action in Hungary. Budapest. Nagy Gyula. 2000. A nők munkaerő-piaci helyzete Magyarországon. [Women’s position in the Hungarian labour market.] Budapest, Országos Munkaügyi Kutató és Módszertani Központ.

Labour

Cseres-Gergely, Zsombor 2007. Inactivity in Hungary – the persistent effect of the pension system. Budapest, Institute of Economics, HAS. (Budapest working papers on the labour market, 2007/01.) Emődi Krisztina et al. 1995. Munkaerő-piaci folyamatok, munkanélküliség : Eltérés és azonosság a regisztrált munkanélküliek és az ILO definíció szerinti munkanélküliek állományában. [Labour market processes, unemployment: parity and disparity in the stock of unemployed according to the Hungarian and ILO definitions.] Budapest : KSH. Fóti, János 1972. Magyarország munkaerőhelyzete 1960-1970 között. [The labour force in Hungary between 1960 and 1970.] Budapest, SKV. Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 1997. A foglalkoztatottság alakulása, 1980-1996. [Changes in the employment, 1980-1996.] Budapest, KSH. Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 1998. A rendszerváltás hatása a foglalkoztatottságra. [The impact of regime change on the employment.] Budapest, Struktúra – munkaügy K. (Munkatudományi tanulmányok.) Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 2004. A munkaerőpiac múltja, jelene. [Labour market: Past and present]. Budapest, OFA. (Foglalkoztatottság és munkanélküliség 1.) Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 2004. A foglalkoztatottak főbb jellemzői. [Main characteristics of the labour force occupied.]. Budapest, OFA. (Foglalkoztatottság és munkanélküliség 2.) Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 2004. Munka nélkül. [Without work.]. Budapest, OFA. (Foglalkoztatottság és munkanélküliség 3.) Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 2005. Területi mobilitás a munka világában. [Territorial mobility in the world of labour]. Budapest, OFA. (Foglalkoztatottság és munkanélküliség 4.) Gábos, András and Péter Szivós 2002. The share of unemployment benefits within household incomes. in Fazekas, Károly – Jenő Koltay (eds.): The Hungarian Labour Market – review and analysis 2002. Budapest: Institute of Economics, Hungarian Employment Foundation, 206-213. Héthy Lajos and Imre V. Csuhaj 1990. Labour relations in Hungary. Budapest : Inst. of Labour Research. Kertesi, Gábor and Gábor Kézdi 2005. Roma children in the transformational recession. Widening ethnic schooling gap and Roma poverty in post-communist Hungary. Budapest, Institute of Economics, HAS. (Budapest working papers on the labour market, 2005/08.) Kertesi, Gábor and János Köllő 2001. Economic transformation and the revaluation of human capital - Hungary, 1986-1999. Budapest, Institute of Economics, HAS. (Budapest working papers on the labour market, 2001/04.) KSH 2006. A munkaerő felmérés idősorai, 1992-2005 [Central Statistical Office, Time series of the labour force, 1992-2005] Budapest. KSH. Nagy Gyula and Galasi Péter 1999. Outflows from insured unemployment in Hungary, 1992-1996. Institute of Economics, HAS, Budapest.

Society and welfare

Andorka, Rudolf et al. 1972. Az öregek helyzete és problémái. [The situation and problems of the elderly people.] Budapest, KSH. (Statisztikai időszaki közlemények, 249.) Andorka, Rudolf and Rózsa Kulcsár. 1977. The outlines of a system of social indicators [Budapest] SKV. Babarczy Ágnes et al. 1988. Társadalmi jelzőszámok Magyarországon és Csehszlovákiában. [Social indicators in Hungary and Czechoslovakia.] Budapest, KSH – Csehszlovák Szövetségi Statisztikai Hivatal. Bass László, Ferge Zsuzsa, Márton Izabella 2003. Gyorsjelentés a szegényedésről 2000- 2003 : a Szociális Szakmai Szövetség jelentése a szociális munkások beszámolói alapján. [Quick report on impoverishment, 2002-2003.] Budapest : Szociális Szakmai Szövetség. Bukodi, Erzsébet és Harcsa István, Reisz László 1994. Társadalmi tagozódás, mobilitás.[Social stratification and mobility] Budapest, KSH. Cseh-Szombathy László and Rudolf Andorka 1965. Situation and problems of the pensioners of Budapest. (Publications of the Research Group for Population Studies of the CSO and of the HAS,6.) Budapest, KSH. Czibulka, Zoltán and Miklós Lakatos (comp.) 1995. Az időskorúak életmódja, életkörülményei. [Way of life and conditions of the elderly people.]. Budapest : KSH Népszámlálási Főosztály. Harcsa István et al. Vezetők a nyolcvanas években. [Managers in the eighties.] Központi Statisztikai Hivatal Társadalomstatisztikai Főosztály. Budapest : KSH, 1991. Kasza, Jánosné and Miklós Lakatos 2006. Az agrártársadalom rétegződése: információk a 2000. évi általános mezőgazdasági összeírás és a 2001. évi népszámlálás eredményeiből. [ The stratification of agrarian society: informations from the results comparing the general agricultural survey and the census of 2001. in Területi statisztika. 46. no. 6. 578-593.. Kepecs, József and Ödönné Dallos (comp.) 1986. Az időskorúak helyzete. [The position of the elderly people.] [közread. a] Központi Statisztikai Hivatal. - Budapest : SKV. Kovács, Csaba 1997. Az öregségi nyugdíjkorhatár változtatásának történeti áttekintése, 1912-1975. [Historical review of the alterations of old age pension retiring age.] Budapest, KSH. Pukli, Péter (ed.) 2008. Javaslat a társadalmi haladást mérő mutatószámok rendszerére. [Central Statistical Office: Proposition on the indexes measuring the social progress.] Budapest, KSH. Szűcs, Ildikó and Attila Rausz 2007. A fenntartható fejlődés indikátorai Magyarországon. [Sustainable development indicators in Hungary]. Budapest, KSH.

2.2. Bibliography of academic research

The separation of the historical and contemporary analyses is special – all works dealing with the period before 1990 are considered historical i.e. the whole research made during the so-called „socialist” regime can be found in these chapters.

The most important abbreviations:

DRI = Demographic Research Institute HAS = Hungarian Academy of Sciences HCSO = Hungarian Central Statistical Office KSH, Központi Statisztikai Hivatal = HCSO MTA, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia = HAS NKI, Népességtidományi Kutatóintézet = DRI Szerk. = ed., eds.

2.2.1 Historical research

Demography and health history

Acsádi György, Klinger András 1965 Magyarország népesedése a két világháború között [Population changes in Hungary between the two world wars.] Budapest , Kjk. Ájus, Ferenc and István Henye. 1994. Illegitimacy in Hungary, 1880–1910. Journal of Family History 19, no. 4: 369-388. Andorka, Rudolf. 1972. Birth control in the region "Ormánság" since the end of the 18th century. in Törő, Imre et al. ed. Advances in the biology of human populations. Budapest: Akad. K. 291-305. ______. 1978. Determinants of fertility in advanced societies. London: Methuen. ______. 1988. A magyarországi népesedési tendenciák gazdasági és társadalmi következményei és a népesedéspolitika lehetőségei. [The economic and social consequences of the Hungarian demographic trends and the chances of population policy.] Budapest. (Szociológiai műhelytanulmányok.) ______: 1989. Demographic change and economic development in Hungary since the second World War. in Wenig, Alois and Klaus F. Zimmermann (eds.): Demographic change and economic development. Berlin [etc.], 183–201. ______: 1994. The historical demography of a proper Hungarian village: Átány in the eighteenth and nineteenth Centuries. Journal of Family History, 19. no. 4. 311– 331. Andorka R; Vukovich G. 1985. The impact of population policy on fertility in Hungary, 1960-1980. in International Population Conference, Florence, 1985, June 5-12. Congres International de la Population. Volume 3. Liege, Belgium, International Union for the Scientific Study of Population. 403-12. Biro D; Jozan P; Miltenyi K. 1984. Population and population policy in Hungary Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó. Bődy Pál. 1982. Emigration from Hungary, 1880-1956. in Dreisziger, N. F. and Martin Louis Kovács. ed. Struggle and hope: the Hungarian-Canadian experience. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart. 27-60. Compton PA. 1989. Demographic trends and related issues. in Hungary: the second decade of economic reform, edited by Roger Clarke. Harlow, England, Longman. 90-121. (Perspectives on Eastern Europe) Dányi, Dezső. 1990. Einige Besonderheiten des demographischen Übergangs in Ungarn. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Humboldt Universität zu Berlin 39, no. 4: 374- 381. Daróczi Eta 1998.A halandóság területi eltérései Magyarországon, 1959/60-1992. [Territorial mortality differences in Hungary.] Budapest, KSH NKI. (A KSH Népességtudományi Kutató Intézetének kutatási jelentései; 60.) ______. 2001. A halandóság alakulása Trianontól napjainkig. [Mortality from 1920 to the present days.] Történeti demográfiai évkönyv. 2001., 305-326. David HP; McIntyre RJ. 1981. Hungary. in Reproductive behavior: Central and Eastern European experience, by Henry P. David and Robert J. McIntyre. New York, N.Y., Springer Publishing Co. :248-280. David HP. 1999. Hungary. in From abortion to contraception: A resource to public policies and reproductive behavior in Central and Eastern Europe from 1917 to the present, edited by Henry P. David with the assistance of Joanna Skilogianis. Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press. 145-64. Demeny P. 1972. Early fertility decline in Austria-Hungary: a lesson in demographic transition. in Glass, D.V. and Revelle, R., eds. Population and social change. New York, Crane, Russak. 153-172 Faragó Tamás. 1996. Die Budapester Bevölkerungsentwicklung und die Zuwanderung 1840 bis 1941. in Melinz, Gerhard and Susan Zimmermann. Hrsg. Wien - Prag – Budapest. Blütezeit der Habsburgermetropolen. Urbanisierung, Kommunalpolitik, gesellschaftliche Konflikte (1867–1918). Wien: Promedia. 58-72. ______. 1998. Migration in Hungary during the eighteenth century. In Hungarian statistical review. Special no. 2. 134–144. ______. 2003. Csecsemőhalandóság Magyarországon a 18–20. században. [Infant mortality in Hungary during the 18th-19th c.] in K. Horváth Zsolt – Lugosi András – Sohajda Ferenc (szerk.): Léptékváltó társadalomtörténet. Tanulmányok a 60 éves Benda Gyula tiszteletére. Budapest. Hermész Kör -Osiris. 446-474. Fassmann, Heinz. 1991. Einwanderung, Auswanderung und Binnenwanderung in Österreich-Ungarn. Eine Analyse der Volkszählung 1910. Österreichische Osthefte 33, no. 1: 51-66. Fügedi, Erik. 1985. The demographic landscape of East Central Europe. in Maczak, A, H. Samsonowicz, and Peter Burke. eds. East Central Europe in transition, 1300- 1700. Cambridge; Paris: Cambridge University Press. 47-58. Hablicsek, László. 1991. Demographic transition in Finland and Hungary: a comparative study. Yearbook of Population Research in Finland. 33-57 ______. 1995. Az első és második demográfiai átmenet Magyarországon és Kelet- Közép-Európában. [The first and second demographic transition in Hungary and East-Central Europe.] Budapest, KSH NKI Kutatási jelentések 54. Hablicsek László – Illés Sándor 1996. A külső vándorlások népességi hatásai 1955-1995 között. [The impact on international migration between 1955 and 1995.] Budapest, KSH NKI. Kutatási jelentések 58. Helczmanovszki, Heimold. 1979. Die Bevölkerung Österreich-Ungarns. in Bader, Erich et al. Geschichte und Ergebnisse der zentralen amtlichen Statistik in Österreich 1829–1979. Festschrift aus Anlaß des 150 jährigen Bestehens der zentralen amtlichen Statistik in Österreich. Wien: Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt. 369-402. (Beiträge zur österreichischen Statistik, 550.) Józan P. 1989. Some features of mortality in postwar Hungary: the third epidemiological transition. Cah Sociol Demogr Med.; 29 (1):21-42. Kamarás, Ferenc. 1991A termékenység alakulása a népesedéspolitikai intézkedések tükrében. .[Changes in fertility in view of population policy measures] in Demográfia; 34 (3-4) 359-82. ______. 1996. A születési mozgalom és a termékenység az elmúlt 125 évben. [The births and the fertility during the last 125 years] in Statisztikai szemle.vol. 74. no. 8-9. 662-679. Kapotsy B. 1975. Restrictions of the Eastern European legal abortion laws in 1973. Paper presented at the International Second Annual Meeting of the World Population Society, Washington, D.C., November 19-22, 1975. Includes reprint of authors article Reflections on the restrictions on the Eastern European legal abortion laws Documentation sur l'europe centrale, 12(2): 75-89. 1974. ______. 1984. The American relevance of the Hungarian legal abortion experience. International Review of Natural Family Planning. 8 (4). 283-96. Katus, László. 1981. Zum demographischen Übergang in Ungarn vor 1918. Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 27, no. 3-4: 469-497 Klinger András. 1974. Hungary. (Population) in Berelson, B., ed. Population policy in developed countries. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1974. 225-269 ______. 1982. Infant mortality in Eastern Europe, 1950-1980. Budapest: Statistical Publishing House. 144. ______. 1985. The fight against infant mortality in Health policy, social policy and mortality prospects, edited by Jacques Vallin and Alan D. Lopez. Liege, Belgium, Ordina Editions. 281-97. ______. 1985. Magyarország népesedése az elmúlt negyven évben. [The population changes in Hungary during the last forty years.] Statisztikai szemle. 63 no.4-5. 370-388. Klinger, András et al. ed. 1992. Time series of historical statistics, 1867–1992. Vol. 1. Population - vital statistics. Budapest Hung. Central Statistical Office. Klinger A. and Monigl I. 1986. Long-term concepts of Hungarian population policy. Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft. 1986; 12 (4) :457-72. Klinger, A and Szabady E. 1978. Patterns of abortion and contraceptive practice in Hungary. in David, H.P., Friedman, H.L., Van der Tak, J., and Sevilla, M.J., eds. Abortion in psychosocial perspective: trends in transnational research. New York, New York, Springer. (Transnational Family Research Institute) 168-198 Kósa, John. 1957. A century of Hungarian emigration, 1850–1950. The American Slavic & East European Review 16: 501-514. Kovacsics, József (szerk.) 1963. Magyarország történeti demográfiája. [The historical demography of Hungary.] Budapest, Kjk. ______. (szerk.) 1997. Magyarország történeti demográfiája, 1896-1995. Millecentenáriumi előadások. [The historical demography of Hungary, 1896- 1995. Mille centenarian studies.] Budapest, KSH. Lengyel-Cook, Maria Zsofia and R. Repetto. 1982. The relevance of the developing countries to demographic transition theory. Further lessons from the Hungarian experience. Population Studies 36, no. 1. 105-128. Mádai Lajos. 1976. Hygienic and demographic conditions in Budapest in 1870-ies. Orvostörténeti Közlemények , no. 78-79: 57-69. Mócsy István. 1983. The effects of World War I. The uprooted: Hungarian refugees and their impact on Hungary's domestic politics, 1918-1921. New York: Columbia University Press. 252. (Atlantic Studies on Society in Change, 31.) Nishimura, Hiroko and András Klinger. ed. 1995. The ageing in Hungary and Japan. Comparative studies about the developments in the countries. Bp: KSH. Őri, Péter. 2005: Patterns of demographic behaviour in late 18th century Hungary. Demográfia 48. Special edition 43-76. Paládi Kovács Attila. 1993. Internal migrations within the Hungarian language-area during the 18th–20th centuries. in Szarvas Zsuzsa. ed. Interacting communities. Studies on some aspects of migration and urban ethnology. The fourth Finnisch- Hungarian Symposium on ethnology. Budapest: MTA. 83-97. Pollard J.H. 1986. Cause of death, expectation of life and the Hungarian experience with some international comparisons. North Ryde, Australia, Macquarie University, School of Economic and Financial Studies. (School of Economic and Financial Studies Research Paper No. 307) Poston D.L; Szakolczai A. 1984. Patterns of marital childlessness in Hungary, 1930 to 1980. Austin, Texas, University of Texas, Texas Population Research Center. (Texas Population Research Center Papers, Series 6: 1984 no. 6023) Puskás Julianna. 1982. From Hungary to the United States (1880–1914). Budapest: Akad. K. 225. (Studia historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 184.) ______. ed. 1990. Overseas migration from East-Central and South-Eastern Europe 1880-1940. Budapest: Akad. K. (Studia historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 191.) Somorjai Árpád Ádám 1990. Geburtenbeschränkung in Bauernfamilien Ungarns (ca. 1750-1945) : Ein moraltheologischer Beitrag z. Geschichte d. Kontrazeption in einer vorindustriellen Gesellschaft. Hamburg : Katolische Akad. (Publikationen der Katolischen Akademie Hamburg. Reihe Wissehschaft ) Spéder, Zsolt and Ferenc Kamarás 2008.Hungary: Secular fertility decline with distinct period fluctuations. Demographic Research. 19 (18) :599-664. Szabady Egon. ed. 1964. Studies on fertility and social mobility. Budapest: Akad. K. Thirring Gusztáv. 1902. Die Auswanderung aus Ungarn. Beiträge zur Statistik und topograpischen Verteilung der Auswanderung. Bulletin de la Société hongroise de Géographie 30: 1-29. ______. 1931. La diminution des naissances et l'allure récents du mouvement de la population en Hongrie. Journal de la Société Hongroise de Statistique, no.1: 6-48. Várdy, Steven Béla. 1983. The great economic immigration from Hungary 1880–1920. in Várdy, Steven Béla and Huszár Ágnes Várdy. eds. Society in change. Studies in honor of Béla K. Király. New York: Boulder ; Columbia Univ. Press. 189-216. (East European monographs) Vukovich G. 1991. Population aging in Hungary: selected aspects. Valletta, Malta, International Institute on Aging.

Family and marriage history

Andorka, Rudolf and Sándor Balazs-Kovacs. 1986: The social demography of Hungarian villages in the 18th and 19th centuries (with special attention to Sarpilis, 1792– 1804). Journal of Family History, vol. 11. (1986) no. 2. 169–192. Andorka, Rudolf and Tamás Faragó. 1983. Pre-industrial household structure in Hungary. in Wall, Richard, Jean Robin, and Peter Laslett. eds. Family forms in historic Europe. Cambridge; New York; London: Cambridge University Press. 281-307. Cseh-Szombathy László és Rudolf Richter. Hrsg. 1993. Familien in Wien und Budapest. Wien ; Köln ; Weimar: Böhlau. Csernák, Józsefné 1996. Házasság és válás Magyarországon, 1870–1994.[ Marriage and divorce in Hungary, 1870–1994] Demográfia 39, 2-3. 108-135. Faragó, Tamás. 1983. The rural artisan family: household and work organization in 18th century Hungary. in Fülep, Zsófia, Péter Nagybákay, and Éva Somkuti. eds. II. Internationales Handwerksgeschichtliches Symposium, Veszprém, 21-26. 8. 1982. Veszprém, Ung. Akad.d. Wiss., Veszprémer Akad. Komission. Vol. 2. 7-28. ______. 1986. Formen bäuerlicher Haushalts- und Arbeitsorganisation in Ungarn um die Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts. in Ehmer, Josef and Michael Mitterauer. Hrsg. Familienstruktur und Arbeitsorganisation in ländlichen Gesellschaften. Wien; Köln; Graz: Böhlau. 103-183. ______. 1990. Social mobility and marriage in mid-nineteenth century Hungary. in Komlos, John. ed. Economic development in the Habsburg Monarchy and in the successor states. New York: Columbia University Press ; Boulder. 149-165. (East European monographs, 280.) ______. 1991. Housing and households in Budapest, 1850–1944. History & society in Central Europe 1: 29-63. ______. 1993. Familien und Haushalte in Budapest (1850–1944). in Cseh-Szombathy László and Rudolf Richter. Hrsg. Familien in Wien und Budapest. Wien; Köln; Weimar: Böhlau. 35-54. ______. 1998. Kinship in rural Hungary during the 18th century: the findings of a case study. History of the Family 3, no. 3: 315-332. ______. 2000. Házastársi konfliktusok a 18. században az egykorú források tükrében. [Conflicts within the marriage in the light of the sources during the 18th century.] in Elekes Zsuzsanna – Spéder Zsolt (szerk.) Törések és kötések a magyar társadalomban. Budapest, Andorka Rudolf TT. – Századvég, 331–348. ______. 2000. Nemek, nemzedékek, rokonság, család.[Gender, generation, kinship and family.] in Sárkány Mihály – Szilágyi Miklós (szerk.) Társadalom, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó 391–483. (Magyar Néprajz VIII.) [Handbook of Hungarian ethnology. Vol. 8. Society.] ______. 2003. Different household formation systems in one country at the end of the eighteenth century: variations on John Hajnal's thesis Demográfia 46. Special edition. 99. 95-136. ______. 2006. Life cycles and family models in a Hungarian town in the 18th and 19th centuries. Revista De Demografia Histórica XXIV, no. II: 111-34. ______. 2008. Demográfia és öröklési rendszer a Kárpát-medencében az első világháború előtt. [Demography and inheritance system in the Carpathian basin before the First World War.] Történeti demográfiai évkönyv, 2006-2008. 81-122. (Minho paper.) Granasztói, György. 1984. The Hungarian bourgeois family in the late Middle Ages: ( Presumptions and additions to the nature of a "welfare" society). Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 30, no. 3-4: 257-320. Gyáni, Gábor 1999. The family as fiction. Scholarly discourse in the Kádár era Construction - reconstruction. Women, family and politics in Central Europe (Eds: Pető A, Rásky B) OSI, CEU, Budapest, 1999, 171-185 ______. 2002. Parlor and kitchen. Housing and domestic culture in Budapest, 1870- 1940 Central European University Press, Budapest. ______. 2007. Middle-class kinship in nineteenth-century Hungary in Kinship in Europe. Approaches to Long-Term Development (1300-1900) (Eds: Sabean DW, Teuscher S, Mathieu J) Berghahn Books, New York-Oxford, 284-300 H. Sas Judit. 1976. Életmód és család: Az emberi viszonyok alakulása a családban a Békés megyei életmód-vizsgálat alapján.[Way of life and family. The forming of the human relations within the family. Based on a way-of-life survey in county Békés] Budapest, Akadémiai K. (Szociológiai tanulmányok; 17.) Horváth, Róbert A. 1981. Le développement des remariages en Hongrie de 1890 á 1977. in Dupâquier, Jacques. dir. Marriage and remarriage in populations of the past. London ; New York ; Toronto: Academic Press. 325-334. ______. 1989. Economic change and family size in Hungarian historical demography. in Demographic change and economic development, edited by Alois Wenig and Klaus F. Zimmermann. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany, Federal Republic of, Springer-Verlag.169-82. Kamarás, Ferenc. 1988. Some issues in modeling household behaviour of the aged in Hungary. in Modelling household formation and dissolution, edited by Nico Keilman, Anton Kuijsten and Ad Vossen. Oxford, England, Clarendon Press, 1988. 195-208 Karády Viktor. 1985. Vers une théorie des mariages inter-confessionales le cas de la nuptialité hongroise sous l'Ancien régime. Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales 57-58, no. juin.: 47-68. Kenéz Enikő. 1971. Rural households, rural families. Social and economic changes in rural area, peasant families and in the work and living conditions of women. Bp: Research Institute for Agricultural Economics. (Research Institute for Agricultural Economics. Bulletin, No. 30.) Kulcsár Rózsa 1978. A házasság mint a társadalmi átrétegződés egyik "csatornája". [The marriage as one of the channels of social mobility.] in Statisztikai szemle. 56. no. 5. 516-531. Lőcsei, Pál (szerk.) 1971. Család és házasság a mai magyar társadalomban. [Family and marriage in the present-day Hungarian society] Budapest. KJK. Márkus, Mária 1975. Change in the function of socialization and models of the family, International Review of Sociology, Vol 3. Pető, Andrea. 1999. Construction and reconstruction: Women, family and politics in Central Europe 1945-1998. In Wieder – Aufbau. Frauen, Familie und Politik in Mitteleuropa. eds. Andrea Pető, Bela Rasky, Budapest, CEU The Program on Gender and Culture, Austrian Science and Research Liaison Office, Budapest, OSI Network Women’s Program. Pongrácz M. and M. Csernák. 1989. Divorce in Hungary. in Later phases of the family cycle: demographic aspects, edited by E. Grebenik, C. Hohn, and R. Mackensen. New York, New York/Oxford, England, Oxford University Press. :37-54 Somlai, Péter. 1986. From traditional households to modern families. An essay in social history. in Rudolf András and László Bertalan. eds. Economy and society in Hungary. Budapest: Karl Marx Univ. of Economic Science. 245-266. Széman Zsuzsa. 1981. Die Herausbildung und Auflösung der Grossfamilie in Ungarn. Zeitschrift für Soziologie 10, no. 1: 98-108. ______. 1982. Die Reste des traditionellen Lebens der Grossfamilie im ungarischen Dorf. Österreichische Osthefte 24, no. 1: 3-20. ______. 1985. Changes in pre-marital relations: a case study in a village in Northern Hungary. Journal of Comparative Family Studies. Spring; 16 (1) :11-24. Tomka Béla 2000. Családfejlődés a 20. századi Magyarországon és Nyugat-Európában: konvergencia vagy divergencia? [Family development in Hungary and Western Europe in the 20th century: convergence or divergence.] Budapest, Osiris. ______. 2001. Social integration in 20th Century Europe: Evidences from Hungarian family development. Journal of Social History, 35, 2, 327-348.

Gender history

Balogh Margit, S. Nagy Katalin szerk. 2000. Asszonysorsok a 20. században. [Women’s fate in the 20th century.] BMR Szociológia és Kommunikációs Tanszék, Szociális és Családvédelmi Minisztérium Nőképviseleti Titkársága, Budapest. Corrin, Chris 1994. Magyar women: Hungarian women's lives 1960s-1990s Basingstoke: Macmillan Press. Domacinovic, Vlasta (ed.) 1982. Die Frau in der Bauernkultur Pannoniens: 5. Internationale Wissenschaftliche Tagung Vinkovci 1980 : Ethnographia pannonica Sonderausg. Zagreb, Etnoloska tribina, 1982. Faragó, Tamás. 2006. Servants and farmhands in historic Hungary before the First World War, in the mirror of figures. In Pasleau, Suzy and Isabelle Schopp (eds.) Domestic service and the emergence of a new conception of labour in Europe. Liége, 2006. Éd. De Université de Liége. (Proceedings of the Servant Project, vol. 2.) 247-268. Fodor, Éva . 2002. Smiling women and fighting men: The gender of the communist subject in state socialist Hungary. Gender & Society, 16 (2) 236-259. ______. 2004. The state socialist emancipation project: Gender inequality in Hungary and Austria. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society,29 (3) 783- 815. Gyáni, Gábor. 1986. A chapter of the social history of Hungarian women female domestic servants on the labour market, Budapest (1890–1940). Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 32, no. 3-4: 365-391. ______. 1989. Women as domestic servants: the case of Budapest, 1890–1940. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. ______. 1998. Patterns of women’s work in Hungary 1900 – 1930 European review of history – Revue Européenne d’histoire 1 (5) 25-37. Gyáni Gábor, Nagy Beáta (szerk.) 2006. Nők a modernizálódó magyar társadalomban. [Women in the modernizing Hungarian society.] Debrecen, Csokonai Kiadó. H. Sas Judit, 1984. Nőies nők és férfias férfiak. A nőkkel és férfiakkal kapcsolatos társadalmi sztereotípiák élete, eredete, szocializációja. [Feminine females and mannish males. Life, origin and socialization of the social stereotypes related to men and women.] Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. Hadas, Miklós. 2003. A modern férfi születése.[The birth of the modern male.] Budapest: Helikon. ______. 2007. Gentlemen in competition: Athletics and masculinities in nineteenth- century Hungary. The International Journal of the History of Sport. Vol. 24, No. 4, April 2007, 478–498. Haney, Lynne 2002. Inventing the needy: gender and the politics of welfare in Hungary. Berkeley, University of California Press. Kereszty, Orsolya 2008. Gender history in the academy in Hungary In Practice and Theory in Systems of Education, Vol. 3 No. 1. 27-34. Koncz Katalin (szerk.) 1985. Nők és férfiak. Hiedelmek, tények. [Women and men – fictions and facts.] Budapest, Kossuth – Magyar Nők Országos Tanácsa. ______. 1987. Nők a munkaerőpiacon. [Women on the labour market.] Budapest, KJK. Kulcsár Rózsa 1975. A nők társadalmi mobilitásának történeti tendenciái Magyarországon [Historical tendencies of women’s social mobility.] Statisztikai szemle. 53. no. 10. 968-982. Küllős Imola szerk.1999. Hagyományos női szerepek. Nők a populáris kultúrában és a folklórban. [Traditional women’s roles: Women in popular culture and in folklore.] Magyar Néprajzi Társaság, Szociális és Családügyi Minisztérium, Budapest. Láczay Magdolna (szerk.) 2003. Nők és férfiak, avagy a nemek története. [History of women and man – or a gender history.] Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyházi Főiskola, GTFK.. (Rendi társadalom, polgári társadalom, 16.) Molnár László 1981. A munka szerepe a nők életútjában. [The role of the work during the female life course.] Budapest, Akadémiai K. Morvai, Judit. 1981. Asszonyok a nagycsaládban. A mátraalji palóc asszonyok élete a múlt század második felében. [Women in the joint families. The life of Palots women during the second half of the last century.] Budapest, Akadémiai K. Pálmány, Béla. 1987. Peasant women's life in a village in upper Hungary (1750-1850). The case of Hollókő. in CIMA 8. International Congress of Agricultural Museums. Budapest, 7-11. September 1987. Pragae: 73-77. (Acta Museorum Agriculturae, 20.) Pető, Andrea 1993. Women’s employment and lifestyle in the 1950s. CEU History Department Yearbook. 265- 277. ______. 1994. „As he saw her": Gender politics in secret party reports in Hungary during 1950s” CEU History Department Working Paper Series No.1.1994. 107- 121. ______. 1996. Family life and social position of women in 1950s in Civilization, sexuality and social life in hidden context- hidden face of urban life, SOTE, Budapest, ed. by Forrai Judit. 181-190. ______. 2000. Women’s associations in Hungary: Mobilisation and demobilisation, 1945-1951 in When the war was over. Women, war and peace in Europe, 1940- 1956. eds. Claire Duchens, Irene Bandhauer Schöffmann. Leister University Press, 132-146. ______. 2001. Kontinuität und Wandel in der ungarischen Frauenbewegung der Zwischenkriegperiode In Feminismus und Demokratie. Europäische Frauenbewegung der 1920er Jahre ed. Ute Gerhard (Ulrike Helmer Verlag, Königstein) 138-159. ______. 2002.Women’s life stories. Feminist genealogies in Hungary in Gender relations in South Eastern Europe. Historical perspectives on womanhood and manhood in 19th and 20th century. eds. Slobodan Naumovic, Miroslav Jovanovic. Zur Kunde Suedosteuropas-Band II/33. Belgrad-Graz, 211-219. ______.2002. Women's rights in Stalinist Hungary: The anti-abortion in campaign of 1952 in Hungarian Studies Review, 29. no. 12. 49-77. ______.2002. The history of the women’s movement in Hungary in Thinking differently. A reader in European women’s studies. eds. Rosi Braidotti, Gabriele Griffin. Zed Books, London, 2002. 361-372. ______. 2003. Hungarian women in politics 1945-1951, Columbia University Press, East European Monographs Series, 2003. ______.2003. Memory and the narrative of rape in Budapest and Vienna in Life after death. Approaches to a cultural and social history of Europe. ed. Dirk Schumann, Richard Bessel, Cambridge University Press, 129-149. ______2007. Problems of transitional justice in Hungary: An analysis of the people’s tribunals in post-war Hungary and the treatment of female perpetrators Zeitgeschichte 34. November-December. 335-349. ______. 2008. A nők és a férfiak története Magyarországon a hosszú 20. században. [History of women and men in Hungary during the long 20th century.] Budapest, Szociális és munkaügyi Minisztérium. Pető, Andrea and Mark Pittaway. (eds.) 1994. Women in history - women's history: Central and Eastern European perspectives. Budapest, CEU. (History department working paper series, 1.) Pető, Andrea and Judit Szapor 2007. The state of women’s and gender history in Eastern Europe: The case of Hungary. Journal of Women’s History 19. No. 1. 160-166. Széman, Zsuzsa. 1989. Die arbeitende Frau in Ungarn. in Martin, Jochen and Renate Zoepfel. Hrsg. Aufgaben, Rollen und Räume von Frau und Mann. Freiburg ; München: Karl Albert. 973-988. (Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Historische Anthropologie, 5.) Szikra, Dorottya and Eszter Varsa 2005. Gender, class and ethnicity-based differentiation in the practice of Hungarian social work. A case study of the Kozma-street settlement, 1935-1945. In Kurt Schilde – Dagmar Schulte (eds.), Need and care – glimpses into the beginnings of Eastern Europe’s professional welfare. Barbara Budrich Publishers. Tátrai, Zsuzsanna. 1985. Die Frau in Ungarn aus ethnosoziologischer Sicht 1848–1945. in Die ungeschriebene Geschichte. Historische Frauenforschung. Wien: Wiener Frauenverlag. 318-326. Zimmermann, Susan. 1993. Municipal welfare and social policy as gender politics. Budapest and Vienna, 1870–1914. CEU History Department Yearbook: 165-177. ______. 1999.Making a living from disgrace. The politics of prostitution, female poverty and urban gender codes in Budapest and Vienna, 1860s – 1920s. in Malcolm Gee, Tim Kirk, Jill Steward (eds.), The city in Central Europe: Culture and society in Central Europe since 1800. Brookfield, Ashgate, London, 175-195. ______. 2005. The challenge of multinational empire for the international women’s movement: The case of the Habsburg Monarchy. Journal of Women’s History 17, 2, 87-117. ______. 2007. The institutionalization of women and gender studies in higher education in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union: Asymmetric politics and the regional-transnational configuration. East-Central Europe/L’Europe du Centre-Est: Eine wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, 33, 1-2, thematic issue: Social History in East Central Europe.

Labour history

Andorka, Rudolf. 1983. Household structure and work on household or auxiliary plots in the contemporary Hungarian village. East European quarterly 17, no. 4: 469-489. Andrásfalvy Bertalan. 1978. Die Arbeitsbeziehungen zwischen ungarischen und deutschen Dörfern in der Umgebung von Budapest. in Weber-Kellermann, Ingeborg. Hrsg. Zur Interethnik. Donauschwaben, Siebenbürger Sachsen und ihre Nachbarn. Frankfurt/M.: Suhrkamp. 301-315. ______. 1993. Bäuerliche Lebensform-Modelle und deren ökologisch- gesellschaftliche Bedingungen im südlichen Teil Ungarns im XVIII. Jahrhundert. Beiträge zur Volkskunde der Ungarndeutschen 10: 19-47. Belényi, Gyula and Lajos Sz. Varga 2000. Munkások Magyarországon 1948- 1956.[Workers in Hungary, 1948-1956.] Budapest. Berend T. Iván and Ránki György. 1967. Peculiarities of industrial progress in Eastern Europe and the development of the working class. in Third International conference of Economic history. Paris: Mouton. Vol. 1. 193-213. Dóka, Klára. 1987. Die Umwandlung der Struktur des Handwerks in Pest und Ofen (Buda) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung an die Entwicklung der Industriearbeiterschaft (1780-1870). in Nagybákay Péter and Németh Gábor. eds. III. Internationales Handwerkgeschichtliches Symposium. Veszprém 18-24. 10. 1986. Veszprém: Ung. Akad. der Wiss. Veszprémer Akad. Komission. Vol. 1. 219-248. Dömötör Ákos 1976 Zur Frage der Lebensweise der Arbeiter im Zeitalter des Dualismus in Ungarn In Internationales Kulturhistorisches Symposion, Mogersdorf, 1974 (series) Zagreb: Ny. n., 79-92. Eddie, Scott M. 1983. Agriculture as a source of labour supply: conjecture from the history of Hungary, 1870-1913. in Komlos, John. Economic development in the Habsburg-Monarchy i the nineteeth century: essays. New York: Columbia University Press. 101-115. (East European monographs, 128.) F. Varga László. 1982. A csepeli nagyüzemi munkásság kialakulásának történeti- szociológiai elemzése. [Hisorical-sociological analysis of the emergence of the factory worker at the Csepel Works.] Társadalomtudományi Közlemények 1982. no. 1. 50-65. Faragó, Tamás. 1979. Dorfhandwerker im Pilis-Gebirge in der Umgebung von Buda um 1770. in Somkúti, Éva, István Éri, and Péter Nagybákay. Hrsg. Internationales Handwerksgeschichtliches Symposium, Veszprém. 20-24. 11. 1978. Veszprém: Ung. Akad. der Wiss. Veszpremer Akad. Kommission. 218-230. ______. 1990. Die Struktur des Handwerks in Buda (Ofen) in seiner Umgebung zu Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts. in Glatz Ferenc. ed. Settlement and society in Hungary. Budapest: Inst. of Hist. of the Hung. Acad. of Sciences. 129-148. (Études Historiques Hongroises) Fóti, János. 1991. A munkanélküliség demográfiai jellemzői a lakossági felvételek tükrében (1949-1990). [The demographic characteristics of unemployment in the light of population surveys] In Demográfia 34, 1-2. no. 270-274. Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 2004. A munkaerőpiac múltja, jelene. [Labour market: Past and present]. Budapest, OFA. (Foglalkoztatottság és munkanélküliség 1.) Galasi Péter and Endre Sik 1982: Allocation du travail en systéme socialiste. Economies et Sociétés 10., 10., 1089-1110. Galasi, Péter and György Sziráczki (eds.)1985. Labour market and second economy in Hungary. Frankfurt am Main: Campus, 1985. Galasi Péter and Gábor Kertesi 1985. Second economy, competition, inflation Acta Oeconomica 36., 3-4., 260-288.. Galasi Péter and Gábor Kertesi 1989. Rat race and equilibrium in markets with side payments under socialism Acta Oeconomica 41., 3-4., 267-291. Gerescher, Konrad (hrsg.) 1981. Unserer Hande Arbeit : 200 Berufe der donauschwaben aus der Batschka.. Hannover ; München : Gauke, 1981. Haraszti, Miklos, 1978 A worker in a worker's state.(translated by Michael Wright ; with a foreword by Heinrich Böll.) New York : Universe Books. Katona Imre. 1958. Die ungarischen Erdarbeiter. Die ethnographische Charakteristik einer zeitweiligen Gesellschaftschicht, eines ethnisch spezifischen Erwerbszweiges. Acta ethnographica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 7, no. 1-2: 155-218. ______. 1961. Types of work groups and temporary associations of seasonal labor in the age of capitalism. Acta Ethnographica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 11, no. 1-2: 31-84. Kemény István - Kozák Gyula.(comp.) 1971. A Csepel Vas- és Fémművek munkásai. [Workers of the Csepel Works.] MSZMP KB Társadalomtud. Int. Budapest, Kossuth K. Kemény István. 1985. Ouvriers hongrois. /1956-1985/. Paris, L'Harmattan. Knézy Judit. 1990. Herrschaftliche Angestellte eines Herrengutes in Süd-Somogy und ihre Lebensweise am Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts. in Bockhorn, Olaf and Wolfgang Slapansky. Hrsg. "Gutshofknechte" und Saisonarbeit im pannonischen Raum. Vorträge des 7. Internationalen Symposiums "Ethnographia Pannonica" in Velem 1985. Wien: Ethnographia Pannonica Austriaca für Pannon. Forschung. 21-32. (Veröffentlichungen der Ethnographia Pannonica Austriaca, 2.) Lackó Miklós 1961. Ipari munkásságunk összetételének alakulása 1867-1949. [The changes in the composition of industrial workers, 1867-1949.]Budapest, MTA Történettudományi Intézet. Lampland, Martha. 1995. The object of labor: Commodification in socialist Hungary. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Litván, György (szerk.) 1974. Magyar munkásszociográfiák, 1888-1945. [Hungarian workers’ sociography, 1888-1945.] Budapest. Lukács, László. 1990. Wandergestalten, Wanderarbeiter und regionale Arbeitsteilung in Ost-Transdanubien. in Bockhorn, Olaf and Wolfgang Slapansky. Hrsg. "Gutshofknechte" und Saisonarbeit im pannonischen Raum. Vorträge des 7. Internationalen Symposiums "Ethnographia Pannonica" in Velem 1985. Wien: Ethnographia Pannonica Austriaca für Pannon. Forschung. 97-130. (Veröffentlichungen der Ethnographia Pannonica Austriaca, 2.) Mohay Tamás 1989-1991. Work time and labor on a peasant farm in Hungary Néprajzi Értesítő, (71-73) 157-167. Molnár Mária 1977. Work organization of a peasant farm: Tarpa 1940 Acta Ethnographica Hungarica (26) 79-107. Nagy Gyula 1971. Die Arbeitsphasen der herkömmlichen Feldbestellung im mittleren Teil der Grossen Ungarischen Tiefebene In Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, (96) 271- 289. Orosz István 1990. Die Produktionsmethoden der Bauern in den Marktflecken der Grossen Ungarischen Tiefebene im 18. Jahrhundert und in der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts.Budapest: Inst. of Hist. of the Hung. Acad. of Sciences: MTA. In Études historiques hongroises vol.3.) 167-184. Paládi-Kovács Attila. 1990. Traditional elements in Hungarian worker's culture. in SIEF 4th Congress, Papers II. Bergen: 501-516. ______. 1996. The work of the old generation in Hungarian villages today. in Paládi- Kovács Attila. Ethnic traditions, classes and communities. Budapest: Institute of Ethnology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. 153-164. ______. 1997. Ethnic traditions in Hungary in the field work of activity. Acta ethnographica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 42: 187-193. Paládi-Kovács Attila 2000. Az ipari munkásság. [Industrial workers] In Társadalom. Magyar Néprajz VIII. [The handbook of Hungarian ethnology, vol. 8. Society.] Budapest, Akadémiai K. 239-308. Róbert, Péter 2000. Transition to self-employment: Historical continuities and discontinuities. Hungarian Statistical Review. Special English Edition. 105-127. Sík, Endre 1988. Reciprocal exchange of labour: the Hungarian case. in Ray Pahl (ed.) On Work. Basil Blackwell, Oxford-N.Y. 527-547 ______. 1990. Exchange of labour in Tiszaigar (Eastern Hungary) Acta Ethnographica Hungarica (36:1-4.) 53-82. Sozan Mihály 1984.The changed work ethic of the new peasant in Hungary Journal of Folklore Research, (21:2-3) 201-210. Thirring, Louis. 1935. Les professions dans la Hongrie actuelle en 1930. Budapest. Imprimérie Stephaneum. (Publications statistiques hongroises, 86.)

Social class and poverty history

Andorka, Rudolf. 1972. Mobilite sociale, developpement economique et transformations socio-professionnelles de la population active en Hongrie. Vue d'ensemble (1930– 1970). Revue francaise de sociologie, vol. 13. 607–629. ______.1977. The influence of historical factors on inter- and intragenerational mobility in Hungary, 1939–1973. An attempt to analyze occupational life histories. [Budapest], CSO. ______. 1977. Social mobility and changes in the way of life since the 1930's. in Szántó, Miklós (ed.): Hungarian sociological studies. (Corvina books). Budapest, 1977. 145–189. ______. 1978. Population and socio-economic change in peasant societies. The historical record of Hungary – 1700 to the present. Rome: FAO. ______. 1980. Long-term development of Hungary, measured by social indicators. Social Indicators Research, vol. 8. no. 1. 1–13. ______. 1983 Age, cohort, and historical factors influencing inter- and intragenerational mobility of men and women in Hungary. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, vol. 2. 197–248. ______. 1984. A system of social indicators for the CMEA countries and for Hungary. in Andorka, Rudolf (ed.): Selected papers from the tenth World Congress of Sociology, Mexico 1982. Social indicators research. An international and interdisciplinary journal for quality-of-life measurement, vol. 14. no. 3. Dordrecht [etc.] 241–261. ______. 1994. Social changes and social problems in Hungary since the 1930s. Economic, social and political causes of the collapse of the socialist system. Comparative Social Research, vol. 14. 49–96. ______. 1997. Changes in social mobility between 1973 and 1992. Hungarian Statistical Review, 46–64. ______. 1997. Changes in Hungarian society since the Second World War. in Forsgren, Tuuli (ed.) Cultural crossroads in Europe. Stockholm. 113–136. Andorka, Rudolf and Miklós Hadas (eds.) 1990. Social structure, stratification and mobility in Central and Eastern Europe. Papers presented at the Conference in the Inter-University Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Dubrovnik, April 14–17, 1989. (Sociological working papers) Budapest. Andorka, Rudolf and István Harcsa 1983. Changes in village society during the last ten years. New Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 24. no. 92. 30–44. Andorka, Rudolf and István Harcsa. 1988. Modernization in Hungary in the long and short run measured by social indicators. (Sociological working papers, 1988/1) Budapest. Andorka, Rudolf and Tamás Kolosi (eds.). 1984. Stratification and inequalities. Budapest: Institute of Social Sciences. Andorka Rudolf, – Zagorski, Krzysztof 1977. The social mobility in Hungary and Poland. Comparative analysis of the surveys performed in 1972–1973. Budapest – Warszawa. Bácskai Vera. Hrsg. 1986. Bürgertum und bürgerliche Entwicklung in Mittel- und Osteuropa.1. Budapest: Akademisches Forschungszentrum für Mittel- und Osteuropa. (Studia historiae Europae medio-orientalis, 1.) Balogh István 1980. La formation du monde de vie paysan chez les Hongrois. Les Peuples Ouraliens 191-201. Bell, Peter David 1979. Social change and social perception in a rural Hungarian village. San Diego: University of California Press. Benda Kálmán. 1982. Der Wandel der Lebensformen der ungarischen Bauern im 18. Jahrhundert. in Drabek, Anna M. Hrsg. Ungarn und Österreich unter Maria Theresia und Joseph II. Neue Aspekte im Verhältnis der beiden Länder. Texte des 2. Österreichisch-Ungarischen Historikertreffens, Wien 1980. Wien: Verl. der Österr. Akad. der Wissenschaften. 147-156. (Texte des Österreich-Ungarischen Historikertreffen, 2.) Berend, T. Iván and György Ránki 1965. Die Struktur der Ungarischen Gesellschaft nach der ersten Weltkrieg. in Acta Universitatis Debreceniensis, Series historica. 95- 131. Bokor, Ágnes 1987. Szegénység a mai Magyarországon. [Poverty in present-day Hungary.] Budapest, Magvető. Böhm, Antal 1999. A 20. századi magyar társadalom. [The Hungarian society in the 20th century] Budapest, Korona. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 2004. Changes in intergenerational class mobility in Hungary, 1973-2000. in Richard Breen (ed.) Social mobility in Europe. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 287-314. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 1999. Historical changes, human capital, and career patterns as class determinants in Hungary. Review of Sociology. Hungarian Sociological Association. Special Issue. 42-65. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 2000. Who are the entrepreneurs and where do they come from? Transition to self-employment before, under and after communism in Hungary. International Review of Sociology No.1. 147-171 Cohen, Gary B. 1989. The social structure of Prague, Vienna and Budapest in the late nineteenth century. in Ránki György. ed. Hungary and European civilization. Budapest: Akad. K. 181-199. (Indiana University studies on Hungary, 3.) Éltető, Ö. and E. Frigyes. 1968. New inequality measures as efficient tools for causal analysis and planning. Econometrica, 36. no.2. 383-396. Farkas E. János, Harcsa István, Vajda Ágnes. 1988. Csehszlovákia és Magyarország társadalmi jelzőszámainak összehasonlítása. [Comparison of the social indicators of Czechoslovakia and Hungary.] in Statisztikai szemle. - 66. no. 12. 1108-1121. Fél, Edit and Tamás Hofer. 1969. Proper peasants. Traditional life in a Hungarian village. Chicago, Aldine Publishing Company. (Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, 46.) Fél Edit and Tamás Hofer 1972. Bäuerliche Denkweise in Wirtschaft und Haushalt. Eine ethnographische Untersuchung über das ungrarische Dorf Átány. Göttingen: Verl. Otto Schwartz (Veröffentlichung des Instituts für mitteleuropäische Volksforschung an der Philipps-Universität Marburg-Lahn, Allgemeine Reihe. 7.) Ferge, Zsuzsa 1969. Társadalmunk rétegződése. [The stratification of our society] Budapest, KJK. ______. 2002. Social structure and inequalities in old socialism and new capitalism in Hungary. in Review of Sociology of the Hungarian Sociological Association 2002/4. 9-34. Ganzeboom, Harry B.G. and Ruud Luijkx, Péter Róbert1991. Trends in intergenerational occupational mobility in Hungary between 1930 and 1989. Working Paper Series 58. Department of Sociology, Tilburg University Gunst Péter 1991. Die bäuerliche Gesellschaft Ungarns in der Zeit zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen. Budapest Akadémiai Kiadó, 1991 246 (Studia historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae; 192.) Gyáni, Gábor 1992. Bérkaszárnya és nyomortelep. A budapesti munkáslakás múltja. [Tenement house and slum district: The past of the Hungarian worker’s mansions.] Budapest, Magvető. ______. 2000. Middle class and Bürgertum in Hungary with special regard to Transylvania during the period of Dualism Minderheiten, Regionalbewusstsein und Zentralismus in Ostmitteleuropa (Eds: Löwe HD, Tontsch GH, Troebst S) Böhlau, Köln, 2000, pp 185-195 ______. G. 2006. Housing patterns of Bürgertum: A Budapest case study from the 1920s Wohnen in der Grossstadt 1900-1939. Wohnsituation und Modernisierung im europäischen Vergleich (Eds: Janatková A, Kozinska-Witt H) Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 2006, pp 391-405 Gyáni G, Kövér Gy, Valuch T. 2004.Social history of Hungary from the middle of the 19th to the end of the 20th Century. (East European Monographs) Columbia Univ. Press, New York. Hanák Péter. Hrsg. 1994. Bürgertum in der Habsburgermonarchie.3. Bürgerliche Wohnkultur des Fin de Siécle in Ungarn. Wien ; Köln ; Weimar: Böhlau. Harcsa István 1977. A társadalmi struktúra változásainak néhány vonása, 1869-1910. [Some features of the changes in the social structure between 1869 and 1910.] Statisztikai szemle. 55. no. 3. 299-314. Heckenast Gusztáv. 1949. Les roturiers intellectuels en Hongrie, 1780-1848. Revue d'Histoire Comparée : 53-76. Hollós Marida and Béla C. Maday 1983. New Hungarian peasants: an East Central European experience with collectivization. New York : Columbia University Press, 361 (Social science monographs) Karády Viktor and Wolfgang Mitter. 1990. Bildungswesen und Sozialstruktur in Mitteleuropa im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert: Education and social structure in Central Europe in the 129th and 20th centuries . Köln ; Wien: Böhlau. (Studien und Dokumentation zur vergleichenden Bildungsstruktur, 42.) Katus, László. 1966. Über die wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Grundlagen der Nationalitätenfrage in Ungarn vor dem ersten Weltkrieg. in Hanák, Péter. ed.. Die nationale Frage in der Österreich-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1900–1918. Budapest: Akad. K. 149-216. ______. 1992. The occupational structure of the Hungarian Jewry in the eighteenth and twentieth century. in Silber, Michael K. red. Jews in the Hungarian economy 1760–1945. Studies dedicated to Moshe Carmilly-Weinberger on his eightieth birthday. Jerusalem: Hebrew Univ.of Jerusalem ; Magnes Press. 92-105. Kemény, István 1972. A magyar munkásosztály rétegződése. [The stratification of the Hungarian working class.] Szociológia no. 1. 36-48. Kisdi János and Rózsa Kulcsár 1991.A hatalom gazdasági elitje az elmúlt évtizedben [The elite of power in the last decade.] in Statisztikai szemle. 69. no. 10. 789-797. Kolosi, Tamás 1987. Tagolt társadalom. [Stratified society.] Budapest, Gondolat. ______. 1988. Stratification and social structure in Hungary. Annual Review of Sociology. Vol. 14. 405-419. Kolosi, Tamás and Jules Peschar, Péter Róbert. 1985. On reduction sf social reproduction. A Hungarian – Netherlands comparison. in Kaiser, M., Nuthman, R., Stegman, H. (eds.): Berufliche Verbleibsforschung in der Diskussion (Occupational Continuity Research in Discussion). IAB, Nuremberg, 1985. 3-28. Kolosi Tamás and Iván Szelényi. 1993. Social change and research on social structure in Hungary, 1960-1990 in Birgitta Nedelmann and Piotr Sztompka (eds). Sociology in Europe. Berlin- New York: de Gruyter, 140-163 Kolosi Tamás and Edmund Wnuk-Lipinski (eds.). 1983. Equality and inequality under socialism: Poland and Hungary compared. London: International Sociological Association. Kolossa Tibor. 1965. Statistische Untersuchung der sozialen Struktur der Agrarbevölkerung in den Ländern der österreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie (um 1900). in Die Agrarfrage in der Österreichischen Monarchie 1900–1918. Mitteilungen auf der Konferenz der Geschichtswissenschaftler, Budapest, 4-9. Mai 1964. Bukarest: Akademie. 79-172. ______. 1970. The social structure an the peasant class in Austria-Hungary: statistical sources and methods of research. East European Quarterly 3, no. 4: 420-438. Konrád, György and Iván Szelényi, The intellectuals on the road to class power New York: Harcourt, Brace Jovanovic, 1979. Léderer, Pál és Tenczer Tamás, Ulicska László 1998. Koldusok, csavargók, veszélyeztetett gyermekek a modernkori Magyarországon.[Beggars, trampers, endagered children in modern Hungary.] Budapest. Új Mandátum. Lengyel, György 1986. Recruitment and level of education of the Hungarian business elite in the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, in: Andorka R.-Bertalan L. (ed..), Economy and Society in Hungary. Budapest, MKKE. ______. 1987. The Hungarian business elite in historical perspective. Inst. on East- Central Europe, New York, Columbia Univ. ______. 2005. Cadres and managers. Changing patterns of recruitment of economic leaders in a planned economy, in: H.Best-M. Hofmann (eds.) Entrepreneurs and managers in socialism. Historical Social Research Special Issue, Vol. 30, No. 112., 25-49.o. Lengyel, György and Péter Róbert 2003. Middle classes in the making in Central and Eastern Europe, in: Mikhalev, V.(ed.) Inequality and social structure during the transition. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan-UNU WIDER. 99-132. Luijkx, Ruud and Paul M de Graaf, Harry Ganzeboom, Péter Róbert 2002. Changes in status attainment in Hungary between 1910-1989. European Societies. No. 1. 107- 140. Márkus István 1972. Post-peasants and pre-citizens : A village talks, 1-2. The New Hungarian Quarterly 46: 79-90, 47: 185-195. Paládi-Kovács Attila 1996. Ethnic traditions, classes and communities Budapest, Hung. Acad. of Sciences, 1996 Matolcsy, M. 1938. A magyarországi jövedelem és adómegoszlás. [The distribution of incomes and taxes in Hungary.] Budapest, Universitas. Pogány Ágnes (2000): Háztartások jövedelemszerkezete a két világháború közötti Magyarországon. Történelmi Szemle 42, 1-2., 115-127. Puskás, Julianna. 1982. Die Trends und Wachstumsraten des ungarischen Feldbaus von 1869-1913. in Erdődy Gábor. Hg. Demographie, Bevölkerungs- und Agrarstatistik. Budapest: Akadémiai. 107-129. Róbert, Péter 1991. Educational transition in Hungary from the postwar period up to the end of the 1980s European Sociological Review No.3. Special Edition on Eastern Europe. 213-236. Simkus A. A. 1981. Socialist structural transformation and social mobility: Hungary 1938-1973. Ann Arbor, Mich., Population Studies Center, University of Michigan. (Research report, no. 81-14) Simkus, Albert et al. 1990. Changes in social mobility in two societies in the crux of transition. A Hungarian-Irish Comparison, 1943–1973. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, vol. 9. 33–78. Simkus, Albert and Rudolf Andorka. 1982. Inequalities in educational attainment in Hungary, 1923–1973. American Sociological Review, vol. 47. no. 6. 740–751. Szabó, István 1940. Ungarisches Bauerntum. Ungarn (11) 219-227. Szelényi, Ivan. 1983. Urban inequalities under state socialism Oxford University Press. Tomka, Béla 2002. Social security in Hungary in a long-run and comparative perspective: expenditures, social rights, and organization, 1918-1990. Arbeitspapiere des Osteuropa-Instituts der Freien Universität Berlin. Arbeitsbereich Politik und Gesellschaft. Nr. 43. Varga Gyula 1965. Changes in the social and economic status of Hungary’s peasantry in New Hungarian Quarterly (6:20:Winter) 28-46. ______. 1966. Changes in the peasant living standard in New Hungarian Quarterly (7:21:Spring) 86-101. Vasary, Ildikó 1987. Beyond the plan: Social change in a Hungarian village. Boulder ; London : Westview Press. Wong RS; Hauser RM. 1992. Trends in occupational mobility in Hungary under socialism. Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Demography and Ecology. (CDE Working Paper No. 92-03)

Welfare and social policy history

Csizmadia, Andor. 1977. A szociális gondoskodás változásai Magyaroszágon [Changing forms of social care in Hungary]. Budapest, MTA Állam- és Jogtud. Int. Ferge, Zsuzsa. 1979. A society in the making : Hungarian social and societal policy, 1945-1975. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin. ______: 1986. Fejezetek a magyar szegénypolitika történetéből [Chapters from the history of Hungarian policy on poverty] Budapest : Magvető. Gyáni, Gábor. 1990. Budapest. in Daunton, M. J. ed. Housing the workers, 1850–1914: a comparative perspective. London ; New York: Leicester Univ. Press. 149-181. ______. 1994. A szociálpolitika múltja Magyarországon. [The past of social policy in Hungary] Budapest, MTA. ______. 2001. Barmherzigkeit, Disziplinierung oder die Genealogie der sozialen Fürsorge in Eliten und Aussenseiter in Österreich und Ungarn (Ed: Heindl W) Böhlau, Wien, 39-67. Imre, Ilona, Budapest székesfőváros szociális munkája és intézményei [Social work and institutions of Budapest] Budapest: Actio Catholica, 1944. Johan, Béla 1939. Gyógyul a magyar falu. [Healing Hungarian villages].Budapest: Magyar Királyi Országos Közegészségügyi Intézet. Kovrig, Béla 1954. Magyar társadalom-politika, 1920-1945. I.[Hungarian social policy, 1920-1945.] New York: Magyar Nemzeti Bizottmány. Laczko, Istvan. 1968. A magyar munkás- és balesetbiztosítás története. [The history of the Hungarian labour and accidental insurance.] Budapest: KJK. Lakatos, Miklós 1996. A fogyatékosság kérdése a magyar népszámlálások történetében, 1869-1949. [The question of handicapped in the history of Hungarian censuses.] Budapest, KSH Népszámlálási Főosztály. Országos Társadalombiztosító Intézet 1943. A magyar társadalombiztositás ötven éve. 1892-1942. [50 years’ history of the social insurance system.] Budapest, OTI. Neményi, Mária 1993 Hungary in M. Cochrane, ed., International handbook of child care policies and programs London: Greenwood Press. Pik, Katalin. 2001. A szociális munka története Magyarországon, 1817-1990 [The History of social work in Hungary, 1817-1990]. Budapest: Hilscher Rezső Szociálpolitikai Egyesület. Sík, Endre and Zsuzsa Szeman 1988. New trends in the Hungarian welfare system (Towards “self-welfarization?”). in The shift in the welfare mix. 281-296. Szalai, Júlia: 1989. ‘A társadalombiztosítás érdekviszonyairól. Történeti vázlat a hazai társadalombiztosítás funkcióinak változásairól.’ [Stakes in social insurance. Historical sketch of the changing functions of Hungarian social insurance.] Medvetánc, 1989. Szalai, Julia and Agatha Horváth.1978. Alternative policies for caring for children under the age of 3: the Hungarian Case. Budapest: Institute of Sociology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Szeman Z. 1989. Social policy and the income structure of the elderly in Hungary. Yearbook of population research in Finland. 27 :60-6. Szikra, Dorottya 2002. The origins of the Hungarian welfare state in a comparative perspective Periodica Polytechnica Ser. Soc. Man. Sci. 10, no. 1, 143–149. ______. 2004. The thorny path to implementation: Bismarckian social insurance in Hungary in the late 19th century. In European Journal of Social Security, Volume 6, Nr. 3. 255-272. ______. 2005. Family and child support in a post-communist society: Origins of the mixed Hungarian welfare capitalism in Cain, Michael and Nida Gelazis, Tomasz Inglot (eds.) Fighting poverty and reforming social security: What can post-Soviet states learn from the new democracies of Central Europe? (Conference Proceedings from the meeting held in Washington DC, June 10, 2005.) Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, DC. 29-44. ______. 2008. A szociálpolitika másik arca. Fajvédelem és produktív szociálpolitika az 1940-es évek Magyarországán. [The other face of social policy. Racism and productive social policy in the 1940s’ in Hungary.] Századvég, Új folyam, no. 48. 35-77. Szikra, Dorottya and Dorota Szelewa. 2008. Passen die mittel- und osteuropäische Länder in das “westliche“ Bild? Das Beispiel der Familienpolitik in Ungarn und Polen. In Christina Klenner and Simone Leiber (eds.) Wohlfahrtsstaaten und Geschlechterungleichheit in Mittel- und Osteuropa. Kontinuität und postsozialistische Transformation in den EU-Mitgliedstaaten. VS Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany, 88-123. Szikra, Dorottya and Eszter Varsa. 2005. Gender, class and ethnicity-based differentiation in the practice of Hungarian social work, case study of the Kozma- street settlement, 1935-1945. In. Kurt Schilde – Dagmar Schulte (eds.): Need and care – glimpses into the beginnings of Eastern Europe’s professional welfare. Barbara Budrich Publishers. Thirring Gusztáv. 1929. La statistique de l'habitation a Budapest. Journal de la Société Hongroise de Statistique , no. 1-2: 1-69. Tomka, Béla 2004. Wohlfahrtsstaatliche Entwicklung in Ostmitteleuropa und das europäische Sozialmodell, 1945-1990.” In Hartmut Kaelble and Günter Schmid, (eds.) Das europäische Sozialmodell. Auf dem Weg zum transnationalen Sozialstaat WZB-Jahrbuch , Berlin: Sigma, 107-139. ______. 2004. Welfare in East and West: Hungarian social security in an international comparison, 1918-1990. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. ______. 2005. The politics of institutionalized volatility: Lessons from East Central European welfare reforms in Cain, Michael and Nida Gelazis, Tomasz Inglot (eds.) Fighting poverty and reforming social security: What can post-Soviet states learn from the new democracies of Central Europe? (Conference proceedings from the meeting held in Washington DC, June 10, 2005.) Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, DC. 67-86.. ______. 2006. East Central Europe and the European social policy model: a long-term view.In East European Quarterly Summer, Vol. 40. no. 2. 135-160. Zimmermann, Susan. 1997. Prachtige Armut. Fürsorge, Kinderschutz und Sozialreform in Budapest. Das “sozialpolitische Laboratorium” der Doppelmonarchie im Vergleich zu Wien 1873-1914. (Historische Forschungen. Im Auftrag der Historischen Kommission der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, vol. 21), Sigmaringen.

2.2.2. Contemporary research

Demography and health

Bereczkei T. 1998. Kinship network, direct childcare, and fertility among Hungarians and Gypsies. Evolution and human behavior. Sep; 19 (5) :283-98. Bogdanov, Z. and Péter Józan, Remigijus E. Prokhorskas. (eds.) 1997. Atlas of leading and 'avoidable' causes of death in countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Budapest : Hungarian CSO Publ. House, 1997 Cseh-Szombathy László – Tóth Pál Péter (szerk.): Népesedés és népességpolitika.[Population and population policy.] Századvég Kiadó, Budapest 2001; Daróczi Etelka (szerk.) 2003. Kettős szorításban. A középgenerációk élete és egészsége. [In double grab. The life and health of the middle generation.] Budapest, KSH NKI (NKI kutatási jelentései, 74.). 143–160. ______. 2007.Ageing and health in the transition countries of Europe – the case of Hungary Budapest : CSO Demographic Res. Inst.,(Working papers on population, family and welfare ; 9.) Daróczi Etelka - Spéder Zsolt (szerk.) 2000. A korfa tetején. [On the top of the age pyramid.] Budapest, KSH NKI, (Kutatási jelentések 64.) . Daróczi Etelka –Kovács Katalin 2004. Halálozási viszonyok az ezredfordulón: társadalmi és földrajzi választóvonalak. [Mortality conditions at the Millenia: social and geographic dividing lines] Budapest, NKI Kutatási Jelentések 77. Dobossy, Imre et al. 2002. Demográfiai folyamatok és társadalmi környezet. [Demographic processes and the social milieu.] Budapest, KSH NKI (Életünk fordulópontjai 1.) Dobossy, Imre and Edit S. Molnár, Eszter, Virágh. 2003. The role of retirement, family relations and health in the everyday activities of 60-75 year olds. Demográfia, special issue, 46. 137-167. Gödri, Irén 2005. The nature and causes of immigration into Hungary and the integration of immigrants into Hungarian society and labour market. Demográfia, special issue, 48. 168-191. Hablicsek, László 2000: Demographic situation and population policies in Hungary. In: Tomás Kučera et al. (eds): New demographic faces of Europe. Berlin; Heidelberg, Springer Verlag. 163–182. ______. 2004. Demographics of population ageing in Hungary. Discussion Paper No. 207. Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University. Hollos, Marida and Regina Yando 2006. Social strata differences in mothers' conceptions of children in postsocialist Hungary: An explanation of fertility decisions Ethos, 34. no. 4. p. 488-520. Józan, Péter. (szerk.) 2007. Közép-Magyarország régió demográfiai atlasza : Népesség és népesedés az ezredfordulón és a 21. század első éveiben [Demographic atlas of the central Hungary region : Population and vital statistics at the turn of the third millennia and in the first years of the 21st century ] Budapest, Központi StatisztikaiHivatal, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Társadalomkutató Központ. Józan, Péter és Radnóti László 2001. A századvég halandóságának földrajzi különbségei Magyarországon. [Geographical mortality differentials at the end of century in Hungary] (with english supplement) Budapest : Központi Statisztikai Hivatal. Kamarás, Ferenc 2000. Les tendances de la fécondité en Hongrie et les facteurs qui les influencent. In Cahiers Quebecois de démographie Autumn; 29 (2) :255-85. Kamarás, Ferenc and Zsuzsa Hantó (comp.) 1996. Main features of the Hungarian demographic situation in the early nineties. Budapest, KSH. Klinger, András (szerk.) 1996. Demográfia [Demography.]Budapest, Központi Statisztikai Hivatal, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem ÁJK. ______. 2003. Mortality differences between the subregions of Hungary. Demográfia, special issue, 46. 168-200. Kornai, János and John McHale. 2000. Is post-communist health spending unusual? A comparison with established market economies, The Economics of Transition, 8 (2) 369-399. Kornai, János 2000. Hidden in an envelope: Gratitude payments to medical doctors in Hungary. In Lord Dahrendorf and Yehuda Elkana, eds. The paradoxes of unintended consequences, Budapest: CEU Press. Kósa Z et al. 2007. A comparative health survey of the inhabitants of Roma settlements in Hungary. Am J Public Health. May;97(5):853-9. Kovács, Katalin 2005. Proportionate or concentrated burdens? Health among widowed, divorced, and never-married in Hungary. Demográfia, special issue, 48. 104- 122. ______. 2006. Egészség-esélyek. [Chances to be healthy ] Budapest, KSH NKI. (Életünk fordulópontjai. Műhelytanulmányok 5.) Kovács, László 2006. Termékenység és humán fejlettség regionális összefüggései. [The Regional Relationship between Fertility and Human Development in Hungary.] Tér és Társadalom 20, 3. 49–59. Leinsalu M. et. Al. 2009. Educational inequalities in mortality in four Eastern European countries: divergence in trends during the post-communist transition from 1990 to 2000., Int J Epidemiol. Apr; 38 (2) 512-525. Molnar L. 1992. Social causes of high morbidity and mortality rates in Hungary. Revue internationale de sociologie / International review of sociology (2) 35-67. Nishimura, Hiroko and András Klinger (eds.) 1995. The ageing in Hungary and Japan: Comparative studies about the developments in the two countries. Budapest, CSO. Orosz E. 1990. The Hungarian country profile: inequalities in health and health care in Hungary.Soc Sci Med. 31 (8) 847-857. Pikhart H. et. al. 2001. Psychosocial work characteristics and self rated health in four post-communist countries. J Epidemiol Community Health. Sep; 55 (9) 624-630. Piko BF, Fitzpatrick KM. 2007. Socioeconomic status, psychosocial health and health behaviours among Hungarian adolescents. Eur J Public Health. Aug;17 (4) 353- 360. Pongrácz, Marietta 2006. Birth out of wedlock. Budapest, DRI. (Working papers on population, family and welfare 8.) Simonelli JM. 1990. The politics of below-replacement fertility: policy and power in Hungary. In Births and power: social change and the politics of reproduction, edited by W. Penn Handwerker. Boulder, Colorado, Westview Press. 101-111. Spéder Zsolt. 2002. Fertility and structural change in Hungary. Budapest : CSO Demographic Res. Inst., (Working papers on population, family and welfare ; 4.) ______2003: Fertility behaviour in a period of economic pressures and growing opportunities – Hungary, the 1990s. In Kotovska, I.E. – Józwiak, J. (eds): Population of Central and Eastern Europe. Challenges and opportunities. European Population Conference, Warsaw, 26–30 August 2003. Warsaw, Statistical Publishing Establishment. 457–484. ______. 2006: Rudiments of recent fertility decline in Hungary: Postponement, educational differences, and outcomes of changing partnership forms. Demographic Research. Vol. 15. Article 8. 253-284, Spéder, Zsolt and Balázs Kapitány 2007. Gyermekek: vágyak és tények. Dinamikus termékenységi elemzések. [Children: desire and facts: Dynamic fertility analysis.] Budapest, NKI. (Műhelytanulmányok 6.) Tóth, Pál Péter and Emil Valkovics. eds. 1996. Demography and contemporary Hungarian society. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

Family and marriage

Aassve, A., - Billari, F.C. – Spéder, Zs. 2006. Societal transition, policy changes and family formation: Evidences from Hungary. Journal of European Population, 22,no. 2. 127-152. Blossfeld, Hans-Peter and Péter Róbert 1995. Hungary: Country-specific study on the trends in family formation and the new role of women, in Blossfeld, H-P. (ed.) The new role of women. Family formation in modern societies. Westview Press, Boulder, 211-226. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 2003. Who marries whom in Hungary? in Hans-Peter Blossfeld és Andreas Timm (eds.) Who marries whom? Educational systems as marriage markets in modern societies. Kluwer Academic Publications, Dordrecht, 2003. 267-294. Csernák M. 1992. Patterns of first marriage in Finland and Hungary: a comparative study. Yearbook of population research in Finland. 30 :18-32. Gábos, András and Péter Szivós 2003. Poverty dynamics among families with children in Europe. CHER Working Paper 10, CEPS/INSTEAD, Differdange, G-D. Luxembourg Gierveld, Jenny de Jong – Utasi, Ágnes:1999. Socioeconomic characteristics: Family composition and financial resources. in Gijs Beets and Károly Miltényi (eds.): Population ageing in Hungary and The Netherlands: a European perspective. Thela Thesis, Amsterdam, 129-138. Gödri, Irén 2001. A házassági kapcsolatok minősége és stabilitása. [Quality and stability of the marriage relationships.] Budapest, NKI Kutatási Jelentések 56. Kamarás, Ferenc. 2003. Family formation and childbearing in the 1990s and at the turn of the millennium in: Demográfia. 46. special issue, 5-33. Klinger, András 1995. Az időskorúak családi helyzetének változása nemzetközi összehasonlításban. [The altering family positions of the aged population in international context] in Demográfia 38, 2-3. 118-141. Knipscheer, Kees – Dykstra, Pearl – Cseh-Szombathy, László – Utasi, Ágnes. 1999. Ageing and the family in Gijs Beets and Károly Miltényi (eds.): Population ageing in Hungary and The Netherlands: a European perspective . THELA THESIS, Amsterdam, 181-200. Oláh LS. 2001. Gender and family stability: dissolution of the first parental union in Sweden and Hungary. Demographic research. Feb; 4 :29-96. Oláh LS; Bernhardt EM; Goldscheider FK. 1998. Co-residential paternal roles in three countries: Sweden, Hungary, and the United States. Stockholm, Sweden, Stockholm University, Demography Unit. (Stockholm Research Reports in Demography No. 126) Pongácz, Tiborné and Zsolt Spéder. 2003: Marriage and cohabitation – facts and opinions compared. Demográfia, special edition, Vol. 46. 52-72. Somlai, Péter. 1993. Grosseltern und Enkel in Budapest. in L. Cseh-Szombathy - R. Richter (hrsg) Familien in Wien und Budapest. Wien, usw., 1993, Böhlau Verlag, 185 -202. ______. 1997. Familie in den mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern. in L. Vaskovics /Hrsg/ Familienbilder und Familienrealität im Wandel. Europäische Fachtagung zur Familienforschung - Opladen, Leske und Budrich, 68 -79 ______. 1999. A sokféleség zavara: a családi életformák pluralizációja Magyarországon. [Confusion of multiplicity: pluralization of family forms in Hungary] Demográfia, 42, 1-2. 38-47. ______. 1998. Children of the changeover. The Hungarian Quarterly 39, no. 150. 99- 110. ______. 2002. Húsz év. Családi kapcsolatok változásai a 20. század végi Magyarországon. [20 years. Change of family relations in Hungary at the end of 20th century.] Budapest. Új Mandátum. Somlai, Péter and Robert A. Lewis 1988 Help given to and received from aged family members in the USA and Hungary. in P. Somlai (ed) Kinship and aging. Budapest, 1988, Institute of Sociology. 55-100 Somlai, Péter and Olga Tóth 2004. Families in Hungary. in: Bert N. Adamas – Jan Trost (eds.) Handbook of World Families. Thousand Oaks, etc. Sage. 2004. .313-329 Spéder, Zsolt (szerk.) (2003): Család és népesség – itthon és Európában. [Family and population – in Hungary and Europe.] Budapest, KSH NKI – Századvég ______. 2005. The rise of cohabitation as first union and some neglected factors of recent demographic developments in Hungary. Demográfia English edition vol. 48. 77-103. Szabó K; Csernák M. 1991. Interdependencies of fertility and family structure. in Desirability’s and possibilities of a fertility recovery at replacement level in Europe. Proceedings of a seminar organized at the occasion of CBGS' silver jubilee, edited by R.L. Cliquet. Amsterdam, Netherlands, Swets and Zeitlinger:121-34. (NIDI CBGS Publications 21) Szűcs, Zoltán 1996. Az élettársi kapcsolatban élő családok társadalmi-demográfiai jellemzői. [Social and demographic characteristics of the cohabiting families.] Budapest, NKI Kutatási Jelentések 56. Utasi, Ágnes (szerk.) 1991. Társas kapcsolatok. [Joint relationships] Budapest, Gondolat. ______. 2003. Independent, never married people in their thirties: remaining single. Demográfia, special issue, 46. 73-94.

Gender

Belinszki, Eszter 1997. A munka nemesít? Elméleti magyarázatok a nők munkaerő-piaci helyzetéről. [Ennobles the work? Theoretical explanations on the position of women in the labour market.] Szociológiai Szemle, no 1. 133-153.. Bencsik, Andreaand Tímea Juhász Tímea 2009. Trends in women's employment in Hungary, with a focus on women returning to the labour market after childbirth and maternity leave Gazdálkodás, Special issue 53. no. 23. 92-97. Blaskó Zsuzsa 2006. Nők és férfiak – keresőmunka, házimunka. [Women and men – paid work, housework] Budapest, NKI Kutatási Jelentések 82. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 2006. Men’s career mobility in Hungary during the 1990s. in Hans-Peter Blossfeld, Melinda Mills és Fabrizio Bernardi (eds.): Globalization, uncertainty and men’s careers. An international comparison. Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA. 2006. 203-238. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Péter Róbert 2006. Women’s career mobility in Hungary.. in Hans- Peter Blossfeld és Heather Hofmeister (eds.): Globalization, uncertainty and women’s careers. An international comparison. Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA .2006. 171-198. Campos, Nauro F and Dean Jolliffe 2004. Does market liberalization reduce gender discrimination? Econometric evidence from Hungary, 1986-98. Centre for Economic Policy Research, Paper DP4350 Corrin, Chris. 1993.Gendered Identities: Women's experience of change in Hungary, in S. Rai, H. Pilkington and A. Phizaklea, eds. Women in the face of change: The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China London: Routledge, 167-185 Dupcsik, Csaba and Olga Tóth 2008. Feminizmus helyett familizmus.[ Familism instead of feminism.] Demográfia 51, no. 4. 307-328. Fejes I; Szollosi J; Zavaczki Z; Koloszar S; Pal A.1996.A boy or a girl? A Hungarian survey regarding gender selection. Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica. Jul; 85 (8) :993-996 Fodor, Éva 1997. Gender in transition: Unemployment in Hungary, Poland and Slovakia East European Politics and Societies Vol. 11, No. 3 (Fall) 470-500. ______. 2003. Working difference: Women’s working lives in Hungary and Austria. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. ______. 2004. The state socialist emancipation project: Gender inequality in workplace authority in Hungary and Austria Signs, vol. 29. no. 4. 783-813. Fodor, Éva et al. 2002. Family Policies and Gender in Hungary, Poland, and Romania. Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 35 (December): 475-490. Frey Mária 1996. A nők helyzete a munkahelyen és a háztartásban. [The women’s position in the working place and in the household.] In Munkácsy Ferencné (szerk.) Foglalkoztatás, jövedelmi viszonyok, munkakörülmények. Budapest, Struktúra-Munkaügy Kiadó. 9-85. Gal S. 1994. Gender in the post-socialist transition: the abortion debate in Hungary. East European politics and societies. Spring; 8 (2) :256-86. Galasi Péter. 2000. Női - férfi kereseti különbségek Magyarországon, 1986-1996. [Differences between male and female earnings in Hungary.] OMMK, Budapest. Glass, Christy and Éva Fodor 2007. From public to private maternalism? Gender and welfare in Poland and Hungary after1989 Social politics: International studies in gender, state & society 14, 323-350. Glass, Christy and Janette Kawachi 2001. Winners and losers of reform? Gender and unemployment in Poland and Hungary In Review of Sociology Vol. 7. No. 2. 109- 140. Goven, Joanna. 2000. New parliament, old discourse? The parental leave debate in Hungary. in Susan Gal and Gail Kligman (eds.), Reproducing gender: politics, publics and everyday life after socialism. 286-306, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Hadas, Miklós (szerk.) 1994. Férfiuralom. [Male power] Budapest, Replika. Hadas, Miklós, 1997. Post-modernity and androginous identity. in Margit Feischmidt et al. (eds.): Women and men in East European transition. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Fundatiei pentru Studii Europene, 201–213. ______. 1997. Faces of modernity. Men in films: A European versus an American model? in Hadas, Miklós and Miklós Vörös (eds.) Ambigous identities and changing subjectivities in the new Europe. Budapest: Replika Circle, 1997. 171– 184. Haney, Lynne 1994. From proud worker to good mother: Women, the state and regime change in Hungary. Frontiers 14, 3. Kelly JA; Amirkhanian YA; Kabakchieva E; Csepe P. 2004. Gender roles and HIV sexual risk vulnerability of Roma (Gypsies) men and women in Bulgaria and Hungary: an ethnographic study. AIDS Care. 16 (2) :231-246. Koncz Katalin 1995. The position of Hungarian women in the process of regime change. in Family, women, and employment in Central-Eastern Europe, edited by Barbara Lobodzinska. Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Press, 1995. 139-48. (Contributions in Sociology No. 112) Kovács, Éva and Attila Melegh: 2007 In a gendered space. Forms and reasons of migration and the integration of female migrants. Demográfia, special issue, 50, Special issue no.5. 26-59. Kovács, Katalin 2005. Proportionate or concentrated burdens? Health among widowed, divorced, and never-married in Hungary. Demográfia, special issue. 104-122. Lakatos László 2008. Biológiai imperializmus. [Biological imperialism.] In Némedi Dénes (szerk). Modern szociológiai paradigmák 157-202. Budapest: Napvilág. Lévai, Katalin és Kiss Róbert, Gyulavári Tamás ;(szerk.) 1999. Vegyesváltó. Pillanatkép nőkről, férfiakról. [Mixed relay – flash picture about females and males].Budapest, Egyenlő Esélyek Alapítvány. Nagy, Beáta. 2001. Női menedzserek [Women managers.] Budapest., Aula. ______. 2003. Hungary in Walter, Lynn (ed.) The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Women’s Issues Worldwide: Europe, Greenwood, Westport, 281–295. ______. 2005. The gendered management in Hungary – perceptions and explanations Women in Management Review vol. 20, No. 5, 345-360. ______. 2007 (szerk.): Szervezet, menedzsment és nemek. [Organization, management and gender] Budapest, Aula. ______. 2008. Challenging the male norm of employment: evidence from Sweden, Norway, and Hungary in Kabeer, Naila-Stark, Agneta-Magnus, Edda (eds.) Global perspectives on gender equality. Reversing the gaze, Routledge, New York, 2008, UNRISD Research in Gender and Development 87-111. ______.2008. Women in leading positions in Hungary in Craft, Claudia (ed.) Geschlechterbeziehungen in Ostmitteleuropa nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Soziale Praxis un Konstruktionen von Geschlechterbildern, München, R. Oldenburg Verlag 187-201. Nagy Beáta, S. Sárdi Margit szerk. 1997. Szerep és alkotás: Női szerepek a társadalomban és az alkotóművészetben. [Character and creation: female roles in the society and in the creative arts.] Csokonai Kiadó, Debrecen. Neményi Mária 1999. Csoportkép nőkkel [Group portrait with females] Új Mandátum, Budapest, Olah LS. 1998. Do public policies influence fertility? Evidence from Sweden and Hungary from a gender perspective. Stockholm, Sweden, Stockholm University, Demography Unit, 1998 (Stockholm Research Reports in Demography No. 130) Palasik Mária and Balázs Sípos (szerk.) 2005. Házastárs? Munkatárs? Vetélytárs? A női szerepek változása a 20. századi Magyarországon. [Spouse? Colleague? Competitor? The changes of the female roles in Hungary during the 20th century.] Budapest, Napvilág Kiadó, Pető, Andrea 2007. Food-talk. Markers of identity and imaginary belongings in Women migrants from East to West. Gender, mobility and belonging in contemporary Europe. Eds. Luisa Passerini, Dawn Lyon, Enrica Capussotti, Ionna Laliotou. Oxford-New York, Berghahn Books. 152-165. Pető, Andrea and Berteke Waaldijk (eds.) 2008. Teaching with memories. European women’s histories in international and interdisciplinary classrooms. Women’s Studies Centre, University of Galway Press, 2006, Second edition 2007, Third edition 2008. Pető, Andrea and Noemi Kakucs 2008. The impact of EU accession on gender equality in Hungary in Silke Roth ed. Gender and politics in the expanding European Union. Mobilization, inclusion, exclusion. Berghahn Books New York, Oxford: 2008, 174-193. Portuges C. 1995. Gendering cinema in post-communist Hungary. Genders. 22. :296-313. Ranschburg Jenő 1995. A nő és a férfi. [Woman and man.] Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest. Skrabski A; Kopp M; Kawachi I. 2003. Social capital in a changing society: cross sectional associations with middle aged female and male mortality rates. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. Feb; 57 (2) 114-119. Skrabski A, Kopp M, Kawachi I. 2004. Social capital and collective efficacy in Hungary: cross sectional associations with middle aged female and male mortality rates. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. Apr; 58 (4) 340-5. Szalai, Júlia. 2000. From informal labor to paid occupations: Marketization from below in Hungarian women’s work in Susan Gal and Gail Kligman (eds.) Reproducing gender: Politics, publics and everyday life after socialism. 200-224, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Szalay, Kriszta. 1996. Domestic violence against women in Hungary, in Chis Corrin, ed., Women in a violent World: Feminist analyses and resistance across 'Europe'. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 41-52. Tímár, Judit. 2002. Restructuring Labor Markets on the Frontier of the European Union: Gendered Uneven Development in Hungary in Al Rainnie, Adrian Smith and Adam Swain (eds.), Work, Employment and Transition: Restructuring Livelihoods in Post-Communism. 134-154, New York: Routledge. ______. 2005. Gender and spatial inequalities in Hungary in the transition era. In Hungarian spaces and places: Patterns of transition. Eds. Gy. Barta et. Al. Pécs: Centre for Regional Studies, 307–322. Timár, Judit and Irén Szörényiné, Kukorelli, Janet Henshall Momsen 2005. Gender at the border. Entrepreneurship in rural post-socialist Hungary. Aldershot: Ashgate, (Border Regions Series). Tóth Olga 1999. Erőszak a családban. [Force in the family], Budapest, TÁRKI, (Társadalompolitikai tanulmányok, no. 12.) ______. 2007. Nőnek lenni – társadalmi nem (gender) az egyenlőtlenségek rendszerében.[Being female – the gender in the system of inequality.] Magyar Tudomány, 168. no.12. 1590-1595 Vicsek, Lilla 2002.The influence of class origins and gender on life chances: The case of Hungary and top managerial positions. Review of sociology 8, no. 1. 55-78.

Labour

Andorka, Rudolf 1991. The importance and the role of the second economy for the Hungarian economy and society. in Tóth, András and László Gábor László (eds.): Beyond the great transformation. (Research review on Hungarian social sciences granted by the government, 1991/2.) Budapest, 11–29. Blaskó, Zsuzsa and Péter Róbert 2007. Graduates in the labour market: Does socio- economic background have an impact? The Case of Hungary. Czech Sociological Review. Vol.43. no. 6. 1149-1173. Bódis, Lajos et al. 2005. Mukanélküli ellátás és hatásvizsgálatai Magyarországon. [Unemployment aid and effect-investigation in Hungary] Budapest, MTA Közgazdaságtudományi Intézet. Bukodi, Erzsébet and Ruud Luijkx, Péter Róbert. 2001. Employment Patterns in Hungarian Couples. in Blossfeld, H-P. és Drobnic, S. (eds.): Careers of couples in contemporary society. From male breadwinner to dual earner families. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. 307-331. Bukodi Erzsébet and Péter Róbert. 2004. Winners or losers? Entry and exit into self- employment in Hungary: 1980s and 1990s. in Richard Arum and Walter Muller (ed.) The Reemergence of self-employment: A comparative study of self- employment Dynamics and social inequality. Princeton University Press, Princeton. 245-276. Fazekas K., and J. Tímár 1996. Labour Market and unemployment during transition in Hungary. Development and international cooperation 1 (22) 153-182. Fodor, Éva 1997. Gender in transition: Unemployment in Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. East European Politics and Societies, Vol. 11, 3 (Fall): 470-500. Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 1997. A foglalkoztatottság alakulása, 1980-1996. [Changes in the employment, 1980-1996.] Budapest, KSH. Fóti, János and Miklós Lakatos 1998. A rendszerváltás hatása a foglalkoztatottságra. [The impact of regime change on the employment.] Budapest, Struktúra – munkaügy K. (Munkatudományi tanulmányok.) Fóti, János and Sándor Illés 1991. A munkanélküliség demográfiai vonatkozásai. [The demographic aspects of unemployment.] Budapest, NKI kutatási jelentései, 43. Harcsa István 2008. A munkaerő-piaci pozíció és a háztartás-összetétel változásának vizsgálata dinamikus jelzőszámokkal [Analysis of the position on labour market and the household composition by dynamic indicators. Statisztikai szemle. 86. no. 5. 458-482. Kapitány, Balázs and Katalin Kovács, Hubert Krieger 2003. Working conditions and quality of life. Dublin, European Foundation for Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Kertesi, Gábor and János Köllő 2001. Economic transformation and the revaluation of human capital - Hungary, 1986-1999. Budapest, Institute of Economics, HAS. (Budapest working papers on the labour market, 2001/04.) Kopp MS. et. al. 2008.Work stress and mental health in a changing society. Eur J Public Health. Jun;18(3):238-244. Kornai, János 1996. Paying the bill for goulash-communism: Hungarian development and macro stabilization in political-economy perspective, Social Research, Winter, 63(4): 943-1040. Lakatos, Judit and Erzsébet Eperjesi, Ferencné Plank 1996. A foglalkoztatási és kereseti struktúra összefüggései. [Connection between the structure of occupations and earnings.] In Munkácsy Ferencné (szerk.) Foglalkoztatás, jövedelmi viszonyok, munkakörülmények. Budapest, Struktúra-Munkaügy Kiadó. 89-150. Lasaosa, A. and J. Micklewright, E. Bardasi, Gy. Nagy 2001. Measuring the generosity of unemployment benefit systems: Evidence from Hungary and elsewhere in Central Europe. Acta Oeconomica 51, no. 1. 17-42. Makó, Csaba et al. (eds.) 2007. Working it out? The labour process and employment relations in the new economy, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. Nagy Gyula and Galasi Péter 1999. Outflows from insured unemployment in Hungary, 1992-1996. Institute of Economics, HAS, Budapest. Sík, Endre 1994. From the multicoloured to the black-and-white economy: the Hungarian second economy and the transformation. Journal of Urban and Regional Research. Vol 18. 46-70 ______. 1996. The social consequences of unemployment in Hungary – A household perspective, 1996, Innovation, 9 (September):355-370. ______. 2002. Informal labour market-place on the Moscow Square [Budapest] in Neef, Rainer, and Manuela Stanculescu (eds.) The Social Impact of Informal Economies in Eastern Europe, Ashgate, Aldershot, 231-247. Szalai, Erzsébet. 2006. Ouvriers, relations de propriété et structure sociale La nouvelle alternative 21:(69-70) 171-184 Tóth, István György 1997. Evaluating Hungarian incomes inequalities. The role of labor markets and social policies. Acta Oeconomica, vol. 48. no. 3-4. 415-445.

Social class and poverty

Andorka, Rudolf. 1993. Rural-urban differences in income level and in living conditions in Hungary. in Kiss. József (ed.): New strategies for sustainable rural development. Amsterdam. 217–222. ______. 1994. Anciennes et nouvelles inégalités sociales en Hongrie. Revue d' études comparatives Est-Ouest, vol. 25. no. 4. 111–129. ______. 1997. The development of poverty during the transformation in Hungary. in Berend, T. Iván (ed..): Long-term structural changes in transforming Central & Eastern Europe the 1990s. (Südosteuropa-Studien, 57.) München, 75–100. ______. 1999. The weak links in social integration – system transformation in Hungary. in Spéder, Zsolt (ed.): Hungary in flux. Hamburg. 19–33. ______. 1995. Hungarian society: heritage of the past, problems of the transition and possible future development up to 2005. Society and economy in Central and Eastern Europe, vol. 17. no. 1. 7–74. ______. 1995. Recent changes in social structure, human relations and values in Hungary. Social Compass, vol. 42. (1995) no. 1. 9–16. ______. 2001. Einführung in die soziologische Gesellschaftsanalyse. Ein Studienbuch zur ungarischen Gesellschaft im europäischen Vergleich. Opladen, 2001. Andorka, Rudolf and Zsuzsa Ferge, István György Tóth 1997. Is Hungary really the least unequal? (A discussion of data on income inequalities and poverty in Central and Eastern European countries) Russian and East European Finance and Trade, Vol. 33. No. 6. 67-94. Andorka, Rudolf and Miklós Hadas (eds.) 1990. Social structure, stratification and mobility in Central and Eastern Europe. Papers presented at the Conference in the Inter-University Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Dubrovnik, April 14–17, 1989. (Sociological working papers) Budapest. Andorka Rudolf and Zsolt Spéder. 1995.: Armut in der Transformation – das Beispiel Ungarn. Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung, Vol. 64. No. 4. 656–664. Andorka, Rudolf – Spéder, Zsolt 2001. Poverty in Hungary in 1992–1995. in Lengyel, György and Zsolt Rostoványi (eds.): The small transformation. Budapest 126– 159. Augusztinovics, M. 1993: The social security crisis in Hungary. in Székely, I. P. and Newbery, D. M. G. (eds): Hungary: An Economy in Transition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 296-320. Braun, M. and T. Kolosi. 1994. Wandel der Einstellungen zu sozialer Ungleichheit in Deutschland und Ungarn. in: M. Braun and P. Ph. Mohler (eds), Blickpunkt gesellschaft 3. Einstellungen und verhalten der Bundesbürger, Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag. Bukodi, Erzsébet és Harcsa István, Reisz László 1994. Társadalmi tagozódás, mobilitás.[Social stratification and mobility] Budapest, KSH. Darvas, Ágnes and Katalin Tausz 2002. The poverty of children in Review of sociology 8, no. 2. 97-122. Dobossy, Imre and Edit S. Molnár, Eszter, Virágh. 2003. Öregedés és társadalmi környezet. [Aging and the social milieu.] Budapest, KSH NKI (Életünk fordulópontjai 3.) Emigh, Rebecca Jean and Iván Szelényi (eds.) (2001). Poverty, ethnicity and gender in Eastern Europe during the market transition. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Éltető, Ödön and Éva Havasi 2006. Poverty in Hungary with special reference to child poverty. Statistical review, special number 10. 3-17. Éltető, Ödön and Éva Havasi 2002 Impact of choice of equivalence scale on income inequality and on poverty measures Review of sociology 8, no. 2. 149-165. The mechanisms of social integration : The role of the market in Issues in Contemporary Economics. Vol. I. Markets and Welfare Macmillan (in association with the International Economic Association), () ______. 2000. Elszabaduló egyenlőtlenségek. [Inequality getting out of control] Budapest, Hilscher Rezső Szociálpolitikai Egyesület. Fónai Mihály et al. 2008. Poverty, health and ethnicity: The empirical experiences of researches in Northeast-Hungary Review of sociology, 14, no. 2. 63-91. Fóti, Klára 2007. Social-policy dilemmas in Hungary within the context of EU membership: Some problems of poverty. Statistical review, special number 11. 75-92. Förster, Michael F. and István György Tóth 2001 Child poverty and family transfers in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Journal of European Social Policy, vol. 11, no. 4. 324-341. Galasi Péter 1995. Income inequality and dynamics in Hungary 1987, 1992-94. in É. Erlich and G. Révész (eds.): Human resources and social stability during transition in Hungary. International Center for Economic Growth, San Francisco. 35-92. Galasi Péter-Nagy Gyula 2001. Are children being left behind in the transition in Hungary?, in B.Bradbury, S. Jenkins and J. Micklewright (eds.) The dynamics of child poverty in industrialized countries, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Chapter 10. Ganzeboom, Harry and Paul M. De Graaf, Péter Róbert 1990. Reproduction theory on socialist ground: intergenerational transmission of inequalities in Hungary. in Kalleberg, A. L. (ed.): Research in social stratification and mobility. Volume 9. JAI Press Inc. Greenwich, 79-104. Haller, Max and Tamás Kolosi, Péter Róbert 1990. Social mobility in Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary: An investigation of the effects of industrialization, socialist revolution, and national uniqueness. in Haller, M. (ed.): Class structure in Europe. New findings from East-West comparisons of social structure and mobility M.E.Sharpe Inc. London, 153-197. Harcsa, István 1998. Social care provided by local governments. Statisztikai szemle. 76. special number 2. 63-70. Harcsa, István and Endre Sík. 2001. Social development in Hungary. in Central Europe in transition: Towards EU membership, Eds.: Gorzelak, Grzegorz, Éva Ehrlich et al., Scholar, Warsaw, 124-144. Havasi, Éva 2002. Poverty and exclusion in contemporary Hungary. Review of sociology 8, no. 2. 53-74. Jász, Krisztina 2004. A társadalmi kirekesztettség: a perifériára szorult társadalmi csoportok az átmenet időszakában. [Social exclusion: Social groups on the periphery during the transitional period]. Tér és Társadalom 18, no. 3. 43–56 Kapitány Zs. And Gy. Molnár 2004. Inequality and income mobility in Hungary, 1993- 1998. Europe – Asia studies 56 (8) 1109-1129. Kemény István és Janky Béla, Lengyel Gabriella 2004. A magyarországi cigányság, 1971-2003 [The Gipsy/Roma population in Hungary, 1971-2003] Budapest, Gondolat – MTA Etnikai-nemzeti Kisebbségkutató Int Kertesi G. and G. Kézdi 2007. Children of the post-communist transition: Age at the time of the parents' job loss and dropping out of secondary school. The B.E. journal of economic analysis & policy.7. (2) 1-25. Kolosi, Tamás et al. M. 1995. Accounting for the rich and the poor: Existential justice in comparative perspective. in Klugel, J., Mason, D., Wegener, B. (Eds.). Social justice and political change: Public opinion in capitalist and post-communist states. 179 – 207. New York: Aldine de Gruyter Kósa Kovács, Magda and Andrea Pető (eds.) 2007. Balance sheet. Disadvantaged social groups in Hungary in 2007. Budapest, Napvilág Kiadó, Táncsics Alapitvány. Ladányi, János. 1995. Economic restructuring and social inequalities in Eastern Europe – the case of Hungary. in P. Gerlich–K. Glass (eds.): Der schwierige Selbstfindungsprozess: Regionalismen, Nationalismen, Reidelogisierung. Österreichische Ges. für Mitteleuropaische Studien. Wien – Torun, 237–250. (Zentraleurope, Mitteleurope, 3.) ______. 2002. Residential segregation among social and ethnic groups in Budapest during the post-communist transition. in Marcuse, Peter and van Kempen, Roland (eds.): Of states and cities. The partitioning of urban space. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002.172–182. Ladányi, János and Iván Szelényi. 1998. Class, ethnicity and social-ecological change in post-communist Hungary. in Enyedi, György (ed.): Social change and urban restructuring in Central Europe. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest. 67–86. Ladányi, János and Iván Szelényi 2002. The nature and social determinants of Roma poverty: A cross-national comparison. Review of sociology 8, no. 2. 75-96. Ladányi, János and Iván Szelényi 2006. Patterns of exclusion: Constructing Gypsy ethnicity and the making of an underclass in transitional societies of Europe. Columbia University Press, New York. Laki, Mihály 1996. The social issue in the era of transition / János Kornai in conversation with Mihály Laki The Hungarian Quarterly, Vol.37. No.141. 58-71. Lengyel, György 2004. Die Zirkulation der ungarischen Wirtschafstelite in den 1990er Jahren: Verlangsamung und Abschluss, in: H.J. Veen (ed.) Alte Eliten in jungen Demokratien? Köln, Böhlau V. ______. 2007. A magyar gazdasági elit társadalmi összetétele a huszadik század végén. [The social composition of the Hungarian economic elite.] Budapest, Akadémiai K. Lengyel, György and D. Kostova, M. Lazic 1996.The transformation of the East European economic elites. Közszolgálati Tanulmányi Központ, BKE, Budapest.. Lengyel, György and Zsolt Rostoványi (eds.) 2001. The small transformation. Society, economy and politics in Hungary and the new European architecture. Budapest, Akadémiai K. Nagy, Gyula and Péter Galasi 2001: Are children being left behind in the transition in Hungary? The dynamics of child poverty in industrialized countries. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 236-253. Obádovics Cs., and L. Kulcsár 2004. The Human Development Index in rural Hungary: territorial inequalities. Gazdálkodás Special no.48, 8. 26-37. Peschar, Jules and Roel Popping, Péter Róbert. 1990. Social mobility in Hungary and the Netherlands. in Peschar, J. L. (ed.): Social reproduction in Eastern and Western Europe. Institute for Applied Social Sciences, Nijmegen, 1990. 169-186. Rechnitzer János – Smahó Melinda 2005. A humán erőforrások regionális sajátosságai az átmenetben. [Regional specialties of human resources during the transition.] Közgazdaságtudományi Intézet, Budapest. Róbert, Péter 2000. Társadalmi mobilitás a tények és vélemények tükrében. Válogatott tanulmányok. [Social mobility in the mirror of facts and opinions. Selected studies.] ARTT – Századvég, Budapest, 2000. Róbert, Péter and Albert Simkus 1995-1996. Attitudes toward inequality. Cross-national comparison and class divisions in Hungary. International Journal of Sociology. Special Issue. No. 4. 85-102. Sárkány Mihály 2005. Studies on changing rural social structure in Hungary in the second half of the 20th century. In Ethnology in Slovakia at the beginning of the 21st century, 148-157. Simonovits A. 2007. Can population aging imply a smaller welfare state? European journal of political economy 23 (2) 534–541. Spéder, Zsolt. 1999. The twin faces of poverty in present-day society. in Spéder Zsolt (ed.): Hungary in flux: Society, politics and transformation. Hamburg, Krämer. 57–86. Spéder, Zsolt. 2001: Poverty dynamics in Hungary during the transformation: Essays in Economy and Society. in Meusberger, Peter and Heike Jöns (eds.): Transformation in Hungary. Heidelberg, Physica - Verlag. 225–248. Spéder, Zsolt. 2002. Poverty in Hungary. Using the concept of the proportional deprivation index. Review of Sociology. Vol. 8, 2. 149-165. Spéder, Zsolt – Habich, Roland 1999: Income dynamics in three societies: An investigation of social dynamics using „old” and „new” types of social indicators. Working Paper. Berlin, Wissenschaftszentrum. FS II. 99–402. Spéder, Zs. and B. Kapitány. 2005. Poverty and deprivation – assessing demographic and social structural factors. Working papers on Population, Family and Welfare, 8. Budapest: Demographic Research Institute Spéder, Zsolt –Schulz, Anett – Habich, Roland 1996: Soziale Ungleichheit in der ostmitteleuropäischen Transformation: Expertise erstellt für die KSPW Berichtsgruppe II. Budapest–Berlin, 1996. in Glatzer – Kleinheinz (Hrsg.): "Wohlstand für Alle?" KSPW: Beiträge zum Bericht "Ungleichheit und Sozialpolitik", Band 2.1. Opladen, Leske+Budrich. 341–417. Szalai, Erzsébet 1990. Elites and systematic change in Hungary. Praxis International (10) 1990. 4. 74–86. ______. 2001. Gazdasági elit és társadalom a magyarországi újkapitalizmusban. [Economic elite and the society in the Hungarian new capitalism.] Bp, Aula Kiadó. Szalai J. 2002. Social outcasts in 21st century Hungary in Review of sociology 8, no. 2. 35-42. Szalai, J. 2005. Those left behind: trends of "de-modernization" and the case of the poor in post-communist Hungary. in Becoming global and the new poverty of cities, edited by Lisa M. Hanley, Blair A. Ruble and Joseph S. Tulchin. Washington, D.C., Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Comparative Urban Studies Project, 2005. 193-216. Szelényi Iván 1990. Városi társadalmi egyenlőtlenségek. [Urban social inequalities.] Budapest, Akadémiai K. ______. 1996. A posztkommunista társadalom szerkezetének változásai. [Changes in the structure of the post-communist society] Magyar tudomány no. 4. 385-402. Szelényi, Iván (ed.) 2002. Poverty, ethnicity, and gender in transitional societies. Budapest : Akad. K. Szelényi, Iván and János Ladányi. 2005. Poverty after the fall of socialism: Over-time and cross-national comparisons, The Analyst: Central and eastern European Review, October. Szelényi, Szonja 1998. Equality by design: The grand experiment in de-stratification in socialist Hungary Stanford: Stanford University Press. Utasi, Ágnes. 1996. Lifestyles, contact capital and Hungary's elite. MTA Politikai Tudományok Intézete, Budapest. Utasi Ágnes. 2002. A bizalom hálója. Mikro-társadalmi kapcsolatok, szolidaritás. [Confidence net: Micro-social relations and solidarity.] Budapest, Új Mandátum Kiadó.

Welfare and social policy

Augusztinovits, Mária (szerk.) 2001. Körkép reform után. Tanulmányok a nyugdíjrendszerről [Panorama after the reform.] Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány, Budapest. Faragó, Tamás 2007. Történeti mutatószám az „emberi fejlődés” ábrázolására Magyarországon (1910-2001). Elemzési kísérlet.[Historical index to reconstruct the ’Human development’ in Hungary (1910-2001. An essay.)] Demográfia 50. no. 2-3. 173-196. (Modena lecture.) Ferge, Zsuzsa 1992. Social policy regimes and social structure, in Zsuzsa Ferge and Jon Eivind Kolberg, eds. Social policy in a changing Europe (Frankfurt/M. and Boulder, Co. Campus. ______. 1997. The Central European perspective on the social quality of Europe. in The social quality of Europe. Edited by Beck, W., L. van der Maesen, A. Walker 165-182. The Hague - London - Boston : Kluwer Law International. ______. 1997. The changed welfare paradigm – the individualization of the social. Social policy and administration, Vol. 31. No. 1. 20-44. ) ______. 1997. Social policy challenges and dilemmas in ex-socialist systems in Transforming post-communist political economies. Edited by Joan M. Nelson, Charles Tilly and Lee Walker 299-321. Washington, D.C. National Academies Press. ______. 1999. The politics of the Hungarian pension reform. in Transformation of social security: Pensions in Central-Eastern Europe. Edited by Müller, Katharina, Andreas Ryll and Hans-Jürgen Wagener 231-246. Heidelberg : Physica Verlag. ______. 2001. Welfare and 'ill-fare' systems in Central-Eastern Europe, in Robert Sykes, Bruno Palier and Pauline M. Prior, eds., Globalization and European welfare states – challenges and change Houndmills-Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001. 127-152. ______. 2008. Is there a specific East Central European welfare culture? in Culture and welfare state, values of social policy from a comparative perspective. Edited by Wim van Oorschot, Michael Opielka, Birgit Pfau-Effinger 142-161. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. Ferge, Zsuzsa and Katalin Tausz 2002. Social security in Hungary : a balance sheet after twelve years. Social policy and administration, Vol. 36. No. 2. 176-199. Ferge, Zsuzsa and Gábor Juhász. 2004. Accession and social policy : the case of Hungary Journal of European Social Policy 14 (3) 233-251. Förster, Michael F. and István György Tóth. 1999. Családi támogatások és gyermekszegénység a kilencvenes években Csehországban, Magyarországon és Lengyelországban [Family allowance and child poverty in the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland during the nineties.] (Budapest: TARKI. Gedeon, Péter. 1995. Hungary: Social Policy in Transition East European Politics and Societies Vol. 9. No. 3, 433-58. Glass C; Fodor E. 2007. From public to private maternalism? Gender and welfare in Poland and Hungary after 1989. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State and Society. Fall; 14 (3) :323-350. Inglot, Tomasz 2003. Historical legacies, institutions, and the politics of social policy in Hungary and Poland, 1989-1999, in Grzegorz Ekiert and Stephen E. Hanson, eds., Capitalism and democracy in Central and Eastern Europe. Assessing the legacy of communist rule Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Józan, Péter 2008. A módosított humán fejlettségi mutató (MHFM) és alkalmazhatósága az életminőség mérésében.[The modified human development index and its applicability in measuring the quality of life.] Statisztikai Szemle, 86. no. 10—11. 949-969. Kopp, Mária és Skrabski Árpád 1992. Magyar lelkiállapot. [The Hungarian mood]. Budapest, Gondolat. Kornai, János and László Csontos, István György Tóth 1998. Tax awareness and reform of the welfare state: Hungarian survey results, Economics of Transition, 6(2): 287-312. ______. 1999. Welfare after communism. London: The Social Market Foundation. Centre for Post-Collectivist Studies. Kovách, Imre 1997. Quality of life in the rural settlements in six post–socialist countries. Budapest.: HAS Institute for Political Science. Kovács, Mátyás J. 2002. Approaching the EU and reaching the US? Rival narratives on transforming welfare regimes in East-Central Europe. West European Politics 25: 2. 175-204 Ladányi János. 2004. Caring state or facilitating state? Európai Tükör. Journal of the Governmental Center for Strategic Analysis. Special Issue, Budapest, January, 24–31. Lakatos, Miklós and Katalin Tausz 1994: The situation of the disabled people in the 1980s and after the change of the political system. in: Social cost of economic transformation. Budapest, Active Society Foundation. Lelkes, Orsolya 2000.A great leap towards liberalism? The Hungarian welfare state, in International Journal of Social Welfare vol. 9. 92-102. ______. 2002. Tasting freedom: Happiness, religion and economic Transition. CASE paper 59 Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics. ______. 2006. Knowing what is good for you: Empirical analysis of personal preferences and the “objective good” Journal of Socio-Economics. Vol. 35, no 2,, 285-307. ______.2008. Happiness across the life cycle: Exploring age-specific preferences. Vienna, European Centre for Social Welfare Policy and Research. Makara P. 1994. Policy implications of differential health status in East and West Europe. The case of Hungary. Soc Sci Med. 1994 Nov; 39 (9) 1295-302. Molnár, György and Zsuzsa Kapitány 2006. Mobility, uncertainty and subjective well- being in Hungary, Institute of Economic HAS, Budapest. Discussion papers MT- DP – 2006/5. Monostori Judit, 2001. A jövedelmi szegénység és a segélyezés kapcsolata. [Relationship between income poverty and welfare benefits – Tables are bilingual.]. Budapest: KSH, (Életmód – időmérleg l.) Pflanczer SI, Bognár BJ. 1989. Care of elderly people in Hungary today. Gerontologist. 29 (4) 546-50. Pines, A. M and Ben-Ari, A, Utasi, Á.2000.Social support: Functions and utilization. A cross-cultural Israeli-Arab, American, Hungarian perspective. in R.Bar-el-G.Benhayoun – E. Menipaz (eds.): Regional cooperation in a global context. L.Harmattan. Róbert, Péter 1997. Social determination of living conditions in post-communist societies. Czech Sociological Review. No. 2. 197-216. Spéder Zsolt 2000: Getting better and becoming dissimilar: Economic well-being of the elderly in Hungary. in Stanovnik et.al. (ed.): Economic well-being of the elderly: A comparison in five European country. Aldershut, Ashgate. 53–97 Széman, Zs. – Utasi, Á. 1993. Mobility and quality of life of elderly people in Hungary. Ageing and Technology. Stakes, Helsinki, July, 29-38. Szikra, Dorottya 2005. Family and child support in a postcommunist society: Origins of the mixed Hungarian welfare capitalism. Fighting poverty and reforming social security: What can post-soviet states learn from the new democracies of Central Europe? M. Cain, N. Gelazis and T. Inglot. (Eds.) Woodrow Wilson International Center, Washington DC, 2005. Szivós, Péter and István György Tóth 1998 Welfare support and poverty in Hungary, 1992-1997. .Statistical Review 1998. special number 2. 71-91. Tausz, Katalin 1992.La situation du logement en Hongrie. Revue Francaise des Affaires Sociales. 46 Année. No 1 Janvier-Mars. 67-81. Tomka, Béla. 2003. Szociálpolitika Magyarországon európai perspektívában. [Social policy in Hungary in a European perspective.] Budapest, Századvég Kiadó. Utasi Ágnes 1993. Wales-Hungarian comparison on civilisational consumption. Ageing lifestyles in rural societies. Budapest, MTA Politikai Tudományok Intézete. Utasi, Ágnes and Balázs Danka 2006. A szubjektív életminőség forrásai: biztonság és kapcsolatok. [Sources of subjective quality of life: Security and connections.] Budapest, MTA Politikai Tudományok Intézete.

3. Institutions involved in research

3.1. Top academic institutions related to the reported fields

Magyar Tudományos Akadémia [Hungarian Academy of Sciences]

MTA Közgazdaságtudományi Intézet [Institute of Economics of the HAS] http://econ.core.hu/english/

Important production of the institute is the serial Munkaerőpiaci tükör [Labour market survey.] launched since 2000. From 2002 it is available also in English: The Hungarian labour market – review and analysis, with the financial support of the National Employment Foundation (OFA).

MTA Világgazdasági Kutatóintézet [Institute for World Economics of the HAS] http://www.vki.hu/eindex.shtml

The institute is collaborating from Hungarian side in the preparation of the Human Development Report, organized by the UNDP, and also carries out research on labour market in comparative regional – international view.

MTA Szociológiai Kutatóintézet [Institute of Sociology of the HAS] http://www.socio.mta.hu/main_page/

The research is organized into small research groups based on the individual interests of the staff of the institute: - Research Group for Societal and Social Policy - Research Group for Equal Opportunities - Research Group for Gender Issues and Social Minorities - New Perspectives, Old Dilemmas. The Gendered Construction of „Care’’ after the Transition in Hungary

Ongoing projects with international cooperation: -. Measuring the dynamics of organization and work (MEADOW) 2007–2010, EU FP6 - The role of knowledge in the construction and regulation of health and education policy in Europe: Convergences and specificities among nations and sectors (KNOWandPOL), 2006–2011, EU FP6 - Reconciling work and welfare in Europe (RECWOWE) 2006–2011, EU FP6 - New perspectives, old dilemmas. The gendered construction of „care’’ after the transition in Hungary 2009, ERSTE Stiftung, Vienna - Aftermaths of war: Women's movements and female activists, 1918-1923, 2007- 2010, University of Leeds - Domestic violence against women/men in Europe: Prevalence, determinants, effects and policies/practices, 2009-2012, Public Health Executive Agency - Fieldwork and data analysis of the European Social Survey Round 4 (ESS R4) 2008- 2010 - European Social Survey (ESS) 2002-, Special Fund of the President, HAS

Ongoing important national projects: - Opportunities and possibilities for social integration for young adults living with disabilities in Hungary, 2008-2010, INNOTÁRS - Subsistence strategies of poor families. Regional and ethnic aspects 2007-2009 Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA)

Regular publications: the journal Társadalomkutatás [Social Science Research]

Other research institutions

TÁRKI Társadalomkutatási Zrt. [TÁRKI Social Research Inc.], a private institution http://www.tarki.hu/en/

Published serials: Társadalompolitikai Tanulmányok [Studies in social policy.] Kutatási jelentések[Research reports] Társadalmi riport [Social Report], one of the most important publications, a collection of studies and reports on the main fields of the social problems, since 1990. It is published in about every second year [available in English: 1992 (about 1990), 1994 and 2004.] Szerepváltozások. Jelentés a nők és férfiak helyzetéről. [Changing roles: Reports on the: situation of women and men in Hungary] again an important collection of studies about the gender problems, since 1997, published about in every second - fourth year (Volumes in Hungarian 1997, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2009, in English 1997, 2001, and 2005] Published separate important volumes: Tárki European social report 2008 European inequalities: Social inclusion and income distribution in the European Union 2009 The institute is hosting an extensive Adatbank [data archive] of Hungarian researches in the field of social studies and social history, running the Hungarian Household Panel Study, the Central European Opinion (CEORG) survey, and a center for health research, and has its own survey unit. The institute is participating regularly in international programs of the European Union, OECD, World Bank, UNDP. It has also a statistical database about the gender problems following the model and structure of Women and men in Sweden 1998, a Swedish statistical pocketbook.

Népességtudományi Kutatóintézet [Demographic Research Institute] http://demografia.hu/index.html A research institute on demography, supervised by the Central Statistical Office.

The institute is involved in several international research, related to the topics of this report: Generations and gender program [GGP], Major ageing gender issues in Europe |Maggie], Female migrants in ageing European societies [Femage] and Reproductive decision-making in a macro-micro perspective [Repro]. An important part of the researches are based on the home financed panel survey called „Életünk fordulópontjai” [The turning points of our life] dealing with the basic demographic and social processes.

Published serials: the journal Demográfia [Demography] since 1958– special issues in English: 2003, 2005, 2007, Műhelytanulmányok [Workshop studies] based mostly on the mentioned panel survey Kutatási jelentések [Research reports] Working papers on population, family and welfare, ten books and booklets, a selection of the research reports in English. Történeti demográfiai évkönyv [Yearbook of historical demography] since 2000.

3. Universities

Central European University [CEU], an English speaking institution. http://www.ceu.hu/ Department of Gender Studies (established in the academic year 1994/1995.) http://www.gend.ceu.hu/ Offerings: Master of Arts in Gender Studies (MA); one year, Master of Arts in Critical Gender Studies (MA); two years, Joint European Master’s Degree in Women’s and Gender Studies— GEMMA (MA); two years (an Erasmus Mundus Master’s Course) European Master in Women’s and Gender History—MATILDA (MA); two years Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Gender Studies (PhD) (The research is individualized, an extensive view is possible int he departmental homepage.)

CEU Summer University: Sustainable human development and the millennium development Organized by the CEU, Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy since 2006, in cooperation with the United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem [Corvinus University of Budapest] Szociológia és szociálpolitika Intézet [Institute of Sociology and Social Policy], Társadalmi Nem- és Kultúrakutató Központ (Centre for Gender and Cultural Studies) since 2001. http://gender.uni-corvinus.hu/index_en.php

Offerings: Master of Arts in sociology, one specialization possibility is the gender studies Master of Arts in Social policy – interesting specializations for us: labour policy and social epidemiology The Centre is regularly organizing conferences, the research looks mostly individualized.

The Doctoral school of the Institute of Sociology and Social Policy offers PhD in Sociology including the Subjective well-being as one of the specialization areas.

Eötvös Lóránd Tudományegyetem [ELTE] Társadalomtudományi Kar [Faculty of social sciences] http://tatk.elte.hu/ Szociális Tanulmányok Intézete [Institute of social studies] Gender Studies Kutatóközpont [Research centre for gender studies.]

The Faculty has a doctoral school, and offers MA in social studies and social work, but no information about the role of the gender studies in it. The research is also not clear, the homepage of the gender centre was not updated in the last five years.

Miskolci Egyetem [University of Miskolc] Bölcsészettudományi Kar [Faculty of humanities] Társadalmi Nemek és Egyenlő Esélyek Központja [Gender Studies and Equal Opportunities Centre] http://www.uni-miskolc.hu/bolgender/ Founded in 2004. As a member of ATHENA the Center is a part of the European Network of Women’s Studies and Gender Studies Centers.

The Department of Sociology offers MA in sociology. There are several classes on gender studies and social inequality, but no specialization on these fields. The contemporary research activity is not known, the available information looks outdated.

The other universities with sociology teaching have lectures and classes on gender and social problems only accidentally (University of Pécs, University of Szeged, University of Debrecen, and Pázmány Péter Catholic University).

3.2. Top non-academic institutions related to the reported fields

Szociális és Munkaügyi Minisztérium [Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour] http://www.szmm.gov.hu/main.php?folderID=13318&langchanged=eng http://www.szmm.gov.hu/ connected institutions participating mainly in youth and labour research:

Szociálpolitikai és Munkaügyi Intézet [Institute for Social Policy and Labour] http://www.szmi.hu/

hosting the Munkaügyi Kutatások Információs Rendszere (MUKUTIR) [database and bibliography of labour researches – still in building stadium] http://mukutir.telco-system.hu publishing the journal Kapocs [Tie] dealing with youth research.

Országos Foglalkoztatási Közalapítvány (OFA) [National Employment Foundation] http://www.ofa.hu/ Its main product is/was the OFA Yearbook: Magyarországi munkaerőpiac [Hungarian labour market] – published between 2003 and 2006.

Állami Foglalkoztatási Szolgálat (ÁFSZ) [Public Employment Service] http://en.afsz.hu/ publishing labour statistics, and Labour market yearbook in 2006 and 2007.

The ministry is organizing and sponsoring also gender research, but not participating in it and do not hosts a separate institution for that. Pictures of selected sponsored gender studies and brochures can be seen: http://www.szmm.gov.hu/main.php?folderID=16283

Periodical publications on gender problems: –. a yearly published data collection Nők és férfiak Magyarországon [Women and men in Hungary] in cooperation with the HCSO since 2001 (related year since 2000). Available in English: 2001, 2006, 2007. –. A serial of reports Szerepváltozások [Change of roles] in cooperation with the TÁRKI since 1997. (See details there.)

Between 2005 and 2007 there was also hosted a methodological workshop dealing mainly with the questions of the social indicators. Materials available in Hungarian: http://www.szmm.gov.hu/main.php?folderID=1387&articleID=4982&ctag=articlelist&ii d=1

Központi Statisztikai Hivatal [Hungarian Central Statistical Office] http://portal.ksh.hu/

The structure of the office related to the reported topics:

Social Services Statistics Department _ Housing Statistics Section _ Health Statistics Section _ Social Statistics Section _ Education, Culture and R&D Statistics Section

Population Statistics Department _ Population Census Section _ Vital Statistics Section _ Population Statistics Methodology Section _ Surveys Section

Living Standard and Labour Statistics Department _ Living Standards Surveys Section _ Labour Statistics Section _ Social Layer Analysis Section

Publications:

Journals: Statisztikai szemle since 1923. English special numbers: Hungarian Statistical Review since 1997 one number per year. http://portal.ksh.hu/portal/page?_pageid=58,181198&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

Serials - Magyar statisztikai évkönyv [Statistical yearbook of Hungary] since 1870. Between 1893 and 1848 it was also published in German and French, since 1990 it is published also in English. -. Demográfiai évkönyv [Demographic yearbook] since 1955. From 1962 on it is published with English headings. -. Egészségügyi statisztikai évkönyv [Yearbook of Health Statistics] Since 1998, with English headings. -. Szociális statisztikai évkönyv [Yearbook of Welfare Statistics] Since 1992, with English headings. (Between 1992 and 1997 together with the health statistics.) -. A családi költségvetés főbb adatai [Household budget survey] Yearly, since 1959. -. A lakás és kommunális ellátás adatai [Data on housing statistics and public utilities] Yearly, since 1970. -. Jövedelemeloszlás Magyarországon [Income distribution in Hungary]. Between 1959 and 1988 in every fifth year, then in selected years from 1995 on. -.A munkaerő-felmérés idősorai: adattár [Labour force survey: time series] Since 1992 yearly, from 2003 through internet. -. Foglalkoztatottság és kereseti arányok: adatgyűjtemény [Employment and earnings: labour statistics]. Since 1980 yearly, from 2003 through internet. -. Időskorúak Magyarországon. [Elderly people in Hungary.] Since 2004, in every second year.

Data bases on the internet

Censuses made since 1869 in about every 10th year.(1869, 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1941, 1949, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2001.)

Population Census 2001 http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/eng/volumes/volumes.html

Microcensus 2005 http://www.mikrocenzus.hu/mc2005_eng/right.html

Stadat-tables – population, vital events, employment, labour force, earning, households, families, housing and public utilities, health care, social provision, etc.) The time series start usually from 1990 on (population often from 1949 or 1960). http://portal.ksh.hu/portal/page?_pageid=38,591766&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

Statistical reflections 2009. Labour market characteristics in the 1st quarter of 2009 2009 Review of the population trends in Europe 2009 Major changes in the labour market, January-December 2008. 2009. Level and structure of household consumption 2008. The labour market in Hungary, between 1998 and 2007 2007. Working time balance 2002/2005 http://portal.ksh.hu/portal/page?_pageid=38,586249&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

The gender data are standard variables of statistics. Special statistical reports on gender problems are accidental, except the mentioned data collection published together with the Ministry of Social Affairs and Labour (see there).