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World Largest 200-Inch Autostereoscopic Display 2011 NOV No.410 11 Special Issue on Stereoscopic Images 01 World largest 200-inch autostereoscopic display technology Shoichiro Iwasawa 05 Electronic holography －3D display technique in near future－ Ryutaro Oi ● Topics 09 NICT Exhibited Research at IBC2011（Amsterdam）at Invitation 10 Memorandum of Understanding on international cooperation between NICT and National ICT Australia was signed Received Certificate of Commendation from the Council of Information Promotion Month － In recognition of our monitoring of Mount Shinmoe using Pi-SAR2 － 11 Public offering of supports for collaborative research activities with a participation of foreign-based researchers for FY2012 Special Issue on Stereoscopic Images World largest 200-inch autostereoscopic display technology Shoichiro Iwasawa Expert Researcher, Ultra-realistic Video Systems Laboratory, Universal Communication Research Institute After completing a doctoral course, Iwasawa served as a visiting researcher at Telecommunications Advancement Organization of Japan (1999–2002) and a full-time researcher at ATR (2002–2009), and then joined NICT in 2009. He has been researching and developing technologies for image processing, CG, and multi-view stereoscopic images presentation. Ph.D. (Engineering) When you hear the words“3D tele- Enjoy true high-definition ― I understand the images I vision,” you may associate them with stereoscopic images on see change as I move, but how dedicated eyeglasses equipped with 200-inch display without does it work? active shutters. In this technique, the having to wear 3D glasses illusion of a three dimensional image ― Now I stand in front of the Iwasawa: The technology to display is created by synchronizing the active 200-inch display and it is really glasses-free 3D images on a 200-inch shutters to the refresh rate of the big. I am actually seeing 3D screen in order to alternately present screen was developed by NICT. This is images on the large screen. the largest screen to which 3D imaging different images to each eye. The technology has ever been applied. method does not cost much because Iwasawa: The 200-inch screen shows The images appear to move as you it uses the technologies of conven- 3D images that can be seen without 3D move because the display is presenting tional 2D televisions. Moreover, the glasses, giving viewers more natural, different images to different locations. method’s great channel separation more realistic viewing experiences. If To achieve a natural stereoscopic effect, performance easily creates a high- you move to either side as you watch the we play multi-view images with slight quality stereoscopic viewing environ- screen, the things hidden behind the changes in the horizontal direction so ment. The social needs for future 3D front objects will come into view, which that the images switch smoothly as the imaging will move toward glasses- gives you stereoscopic experiences close viewer moves laterally. An array of 57 free, high-quality stereoscopy. With a to real-world experiences. projectors sits at the back of the screen. larger screen, stereoscopy in the Each projector projects images with par- future will give viewers more realistic ― That’s true. When I move allax onto the screen via special diffu- sion films and a condenser lens. At the sensations. from side to side watching the 57 different parallax viewpoints, the In this context, NICT has devel- screen, I see things I could not display shows the images at the true oped the world’s first true high- see while standing at the high-definition standard of 1920 × 1080 center. definition autostereoscopic 200-inch pixels. This stereoscopic environment display. Hearing that NICT would has a display frame rate of 60 frames have a booth at CEATEC JAPAN Iwasawa: The different perspective as per second, the same as a television. The 2011, Asia's largest IT and electron- you change locations is one of the viewing width of the stereoscopic effect ics trade show and be allowing features you can enjoy when viewing 3D is 1.3 m and the angle 13.5 degrees at a people to experience the technique, I images on the 200-inch display. A con- distance of 5.5 m. visited the booth. ventional 3D television that provides a I was welcomed by Expert Researcher stereoscopic effect using just the left and Iwasawa, one of the developers of right channels and binocular parallax the 200-inch glasses-free stereo- provides the same images regardless of your position. Strictly speaking, that is scopic display. We spoke about the not real stereoscopy. technical background while viewing the autostereoscopic effect. 1 NICT NEWS 2011. 11 3-dimensional 3-dimensional image image 2-dimensional 2-dimensional image image Image seen from the right Image seen from the left ●The position from which you view the 200-inch display and how it appears ●Observed motion parallax of content The images you see change depending on where you stand. Artificially present parallax to the left and right eyes and use thebrain’s information processing function to create the illusion of a three dimensional image. ― Besides the feature that au- definition stereoscopic images without Realistic autostereoscopy that offers different per- tostereoscopy can provide dif- sacrificing image quality or brightness. spectives depending on ferent perspectives depending The 200-inch size is another feature. We chose the 200-inch size because your position, just as in the on one’s position, is there any people and cars can be shown at actual actual world other feature you want to talk size, which gives viewers a more realis- ― In the demonstration images about? tic simulated experience. of a car, you cannot see the steering wheel from the front Iwasawa: As for glasses-free 3D tele- visions in the marketplace, the flat- because it is behind the open screen type has become mainstream, door, but it comes into sight but, in principle, those types of 3D tele- when you move to the side. visions have limited resolution per view- You can also see that the body point, depending on the number of of the car shines differently de- pixels in the display panel. Therefore, pending on your position, just with two viewpoints, each eye sees half as it would if you were viewing the resolution, and the resolution the actual car. So, how are the decreases as the number of viewpoints 57 viewpoint images con- increases. On the other hand, the trolled? autostereoscopic mechanism that we developed can vividly display high- Iwasawa: As I mentioned before, the autostereoscopic technology (Figure 1) Projector array provides different images according to Display screen the position of the viewer. Special diffu- Projector sion films that shapes a narrower diffu- unit 1 Condenser lens Projector sion angle only in the lateral direction unit 2 are attached to the condenser lens to direct the light coming from the projec- Viewing zone Viewing zone range angle tors. By adjusting with high precision Parallax images from the positioning of the projected images, projector unit 2 Viewer the correct image can be presented to Light control the viewer’s position. (controls the direc- tion of the light from the projectors to the viewer’s position) Special diffusion film Distance between ・Vertical: wide diffusion angle Parallax images from parallax images ・Horizontal: narrow diffusion angle projector unit 1 Figure 1●Principle of autostereoscopy (overhead view) NICT NEWS 2011. 11 2 Special Issue on Stereoscopic Images ― It must have been quite diffi- ity started to deteriorate. The problems an adjustment mechanism to precisely cult to install 57 projectors to included fringe-shaped noise in stereo- tune the axis of the output light. For this create 57 viewpoints. How did scopic images, blurred images, and exhibition, we spent a full day fine- you do that? images that became unnatural as the tuning the projectors. A structure that viewer moved. ensures highly accurate adjustment is To identify the factors behind this one of the features of the projector array. Iwasawa: The key was how to pre- deterioration in image quality on large The analysis results revealed that one cisely install the projectors. We started screens, we applied numerical analysis. of the biggest factors behind the image by prototyping a small stereoscopic The results led us to develop an array of quality deterioration was fringe-shaped display (about 70 inches in size). As we 57 projectors arranged optimally. Each noise between the parallax images. To enlarged the screen size, the image qual- projector in the array is equipped with help reduce the noise, we developed and incorporated a function for accurately adjusting the luminance distribution and color balance inside the projector unit. Display screen By equipping each projector with High-definition projector unit mechanisms for adjusting the installa- tion and the color, we successfully cre- Actual appearance of ated a high-definition viewing environ- autostereoscopic ment with a large screen. images As I mentioned when explaining the ― I believe light control is a Viewer key to the system, but what about the screen? Condenser lens Iwasawa:basic principle, the display Projector array Special diffusion film screen uses special diffusion films and a condenser lens, and the accuracy of light control in the display screen is as impor- tant as it is in the projector array. Light control will greatly affect the resolution of the stereoscopic images and the smoothness of kinematic parallax, so we evaluated diffusion films and designed a condenser lens to achieve optimum light control. The lateral visual range of the diffusion films and the accuracy of the lens curvature are particularly important factors. Using these technologies, the screen External view of the projector array installed successfully displays 57-viewpoint par- in exhibition booth allax images with great density and accuracy, achieving autostereoscopy with high-definition image quality and laterally smooth kinematic parallax.
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