To Whom It May Concern, What Follows Is Public Testimony Data Exported

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To whom it may concern,

What follows is public testimony data exported from the Xinjiang Victims Database (shahit.biz) on Wed, 29 Sep 2021 19:55:36 +0000.

A total of 115 victims with the following criteria is considered:

List: Chinese Communist Party members The vast majority of testimonies presented come with supplementary materials - video, audio, pictures, and documents - the links to which are included here and which also may be consulted by accessing the testimonies via the original interface at www.shahit.biz.

In compiling this information, all efforts have been made to faithfully and accurately convey that which has been put forth by the testifier. In many cases, the information was imported from public sources. In others, it was submitted to us directly by the testifier.

Despite our best efforts and most professional intentions, it is inevitable that some human error is nevertheless present. Many testimonies were inputted by non-native English speakers and still require proofreading. Finally, the majority of these testimonies have not gone through rigorous corroboration and as such should not be treated as fact. We hereby leave the way in which this data will be used to the reader's discretion.

Sincerely,

the shahit.biz team 1. Rahile Dawut (热依拉·达吾提)

Chinese ID: 650103196605202821 (Urumqi)

Basic info

Age: 54 Gender: F Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: unclear (hard) When problems started: Oct. 2017 - Dec. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): other|"separatism" Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party (* direct submission)

Testimony 1: Anonymous, as reported by New York Times. (relative)

Testimony 2*: Darren Byler, an anthropologist at the University of Colorado. (colleague)

Testimony 3: Sarah Tynen, a geography scholar from the United States. (colleague)

Testimony 4: Lisa Ross, a photographer living in the United States. (friend)

Testimony 5|6|7: Eqide Polat, a student in the United States. (daughter)

Testimony 8: Elise Anderson, an ethnomusicologist from the United States. (colleague)

Testimony 9: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (former student)

Testimony 10: Xinjiang University staff, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

Testimony 11: Eqide Polat, as reported by William Yang. (daughter)

Testimony 12: Eqide Polat, as reported by SupChina. (daughter)

Testimony 13: Eqide Polat, as reported by Voice of America. (daughter)

Testimony 14: Urumqi police records, as reported by Yael Grauer.

About the victim

Professor Rahile Dawut is a scholar of Uyghur folklore and the geography of Uyghur Sufi shrines. She founded the Ethnic Minorities Folklore Research Center at Xinjiang University where she built an intellectual home for dozens of young researchers. She is widely celebrated for her pathbreaking work as one of the first female Uyghur academics to receive her PhD and rise through the ranks of Chinese academia. Address: Xinjiang University apartment building, Urumqi. [This was her address as of 2009, but presumably has not changed, as she remained a professor at the university.]

Victim's location

Unknown, but it is likely that she is being detained in Urumqi.

When victim was detained

Her detention was first made known to her students and colleagues around the world in December 2017.

In a video testimony, Rahile's daughter says that her mother last contacted her in December 2017, saying that she had been asked to go to Beijing and that she would get in touch once she got there (administrators had asked her to pack her bags and attend an urgent conference there).

Urumqi police records note a person with her ID number as going through a police check at the Luzhou Neighborhood police office of the Badaowan Police Station (八道湾派出所绿洲社区警务室) in March 2018, with the system marking her as "completely normal" (一切正常) and "blue" (蓝色). [It is not clear what this means, as it comes months after her disappearance.]

Likely (or given) reason for detention

Unknown, but it is likely she was detained both because she is a person of influence and because she researched Uyghur local knowledge and practices.

She comes up briefly in a recording of a phone conversation between Radio Free Asia and a Xinjiang University staffer, where the latter says that she doesn't know why exactly Rahile was detained. While she only says her first name (as opposed to "Rahile Dawut"), given the context and the fact that Rahile Dawut was very well known, it is almost certain that this was said in reference to the victim.

Eqide has also reported hearing from an unofficial source that her mother had been accused of "separatism".

Victim's status

Missing.

Her daughter believes that she is likely in detention and awaiting a secret trial.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Her daughter learned it from the fact that her mother was supposed to contact her after arriving in Beijing but never did.

Her students and colleagues first learned of her detention via text messages sent from colleagues in China.

The staff at Xinjiang University who confirmed her detention presumably have more direct information regarding her case. More recently, relatives have told Rahile's daughter that her mother is "awaiting results".

Additional information

To date, 18000 people have signed a petition demanding Rahile's immediate release: https://www.change.org/p/xi-jinping-petition-for-the-immediate-release-of-professor-rahile-dawut-and-ot her-uyghur-scholars

The New York Times has also published a story about her detention: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/10/world/asia/china-xinjiang-rahile-dawut.html

Blog article about the victim and her work: https://stephenjones.blog/2019/09/03/mazar-uyghur/

Written about in London Review of Books: https://www.lrb.co.uk/blog/2018/august/where-is-rahile-dawut

Mention in the Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2019/11/03/china-every-day-is-kristallnacht/

Mention in the Diplomat: https://thediplomat.com/2019/11/what-happens-when-the-uyghurs-come-home/

Mention in Voice of America: https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/voa-news-china/china-retaliates-against-uighur-activists-impri soning-relatives-us

Her daughter's campaign: https://www.freemymom.org/

Radio Free Asia investigation: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/siyaset/uyghur-ziyaliy-lager-09132018143252.html

SupChina article: https://supchina.com/2020/04/01/a-uyghur-daughter-alone-in-america-during-a-pandemic/

Her Baidu Baike: https://archive.vn/9JLHo

This victim is also included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

Radio Free Asia calls transcript

Call No. 1 (with staffer at Xinjiang University): Staffer: Yes, hello? RFA: Is this Xinjiang University? Staffer: Yes. … RFA: Where’s the president of the humanities university, Arslan Abdulla, right now? [recommended to talk to the philology headquarters office]

Call No. 2 (with staffer at Xinjiang University’s philology headquarters office): Staffer: Hello? RFA: Hi, how are you doing? Staffer: Hello? RFA: How are you? Hello? Staffer: I'm all right. You? RFA: Yeah, good, good… Which office of Xinjiang University is this? Staffer: Xinjiang University's general administration office (综合治理办公室). RFA: Do they call it "general administration" or "headquarters"? Staffer: They call it “headquarters”. RFA: How many people from Xinjiang University are in training centers? Staffer: That I don't know. RFA: How long has it been since Arslan Abdulla stopped working? Staffer: I’m sorry. I'm not able to tell you these things. RFA: How about Abdurekim Rahman? How long has it been for Prof. Abdukerim Rahman? Staffer: I don't know. RFA: We got this number from the Education Bureau. They said that you would know these things. This was the contact information from the Education Bureau. If you cannot answer this, then we will speak with someone who is in the know. Who are the people in charge there? Who is the head of the philological institute now? Staffer: If that's the case, then look, here is what I'll do. These things… I'll go and see one of the bosses, and once I've found out exactly when these people stopped working, and where they are being held, then I will call you back. RFA: Okay. In that case, the first thing we're asking is: when did they stop working? Second: which branches of public security took them away? Which training centers? It would be good if you could get us this kind of information. Staffer: Wait a moment. Ah... Right now, all of our bosses are in meetings, this being our headquarters, after all. We have a cadre who is responsible for these things. I’ll get these matters clarified, and in fifteen minutes, if you call back this number that you dialed, I’ll pick up. RFA: You'll get it yourself? Ah, okay, okay, fifteen minutes... Staffer: I'll go get that done right now. RFA: Okay, okay. Take care. Staffer: I’ll get it done now. RFA: Okay. Take care.

Call No. 3 (with the same staffer as in the previous call): RFA: So were you able to get some information? Where is Abdukerim Rahman? Staffer: For that one, there's no information. They still haven't made that public. RFA: Are they all in one training center, or in different training centers? Staffer: I don't know that either. RFA: Did they take Abdukerim Rahman away at a meeting, or from his home? Staffer: I don't know. RFA: Are their cases being handled by the disciplinary commission or by public security? Arslan Abdulla's. Staffer: I can't tell you anything about that either. RFA: On what day was Abdukerim Rahman taken away? When he still worked at the school. Staffer: I don't know that either. RFA: Who took over Arslan Abdulla's post? Staffer: Right now, I can't tell you anything about anyone. … RFA: How long has it been since Abdukerim Rahman's courses were stopped, since he stopped working? Staffer: It's been a while now. RFA: You say it's been a while. How long exactly? Seven months? If we count in months? For Arslan Abdulla. Staffer: Yes, it's been a while. RFA: So you can't tell me anything about where Arslan Abdulla is and where he’s being held, right? Staffer: That’s right. RFA: And you can't tell me anything about where Abdukerim Rahman is being held? Staffer: Correct. RFA: Could we understand Arslan Abdulla's detention to be a state secret? Is it regarded as a state secret? Staffer: You can write that, if that's how you understand it. RFA: Is it the same for Abdukerim Rahman's, for his detention? Is that a state secret? Staffer: It’s same as, what… The same as Arslan’s. RFA: The same as Arslan’s? Staffer: I don't know that either, the reason he was detained for. RFA: Ah, so you know that he was detained, but don’t know why he was detained, is that right? Staffer: I don't know for what reason Arslan was detained. For Abdukerim… Rahile, I don't know really what reason they were detained for.

Source: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/siyaset/uyghur-ziyaliy-lager-09132018143252.html

Supplementary materials

Testimony 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hUbZ6yju84 Testimony 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LlyAnTE4q58 NYT video opinion piece: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbN-yF5d2QU Testimony 6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yGLTvHYCVAs Testimony 7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31tqr-v2a3E Testimony 8: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iSBAd3cefdA Testimony 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHb4ZIUDPEg Testimony 9: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbgOo26wgPc support video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LRUDdlLwUFc recognition post (Darren Byler): https://web.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://web.facebook.com/darren.byler/posts/1015677 6377809066&width=500 recognition post (Lisa Ross): https://web.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://web.facebook.com/lisa.ross.58555941/posts/10 156586612113827&width=500 recognition post (Rachel Harris): https://web.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://web.facebook.com/rachel.harris.961993/posts/ 10156063057531936&width=500 article about Rahile: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/darren.byler/posts/101570 03298069066&width=500 Elise Anderson's tweet: https://twitter.com/AndersonEliseM/status/1095329921889521664?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw Testimony 11: https://twitter.com/WilliamYang120/status/1258969810563559424?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw photo with kids: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_1.jpg old photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_8.jpg photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_9.jpg book on Sufi shrines: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_19.jpg photo with CCP leaders (2000): https://shahit.biz/supp/1_20.jpg TV show appearance: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_21.jpg interview clip: https://shahit.biz/supp/1_22.mp4 Entry created: 2018-09-20 Last updated: 2021-06-18 Latest status update: 2021-04-07 10. Sajide Tursun

Chinese ID: 65290119860203??E? (Aksu)

Basic info

Age: 33 Gender: F Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: --- Status: house/town arrest When problems started: Oct. 2017 - Dec. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party (* direct submission)

Testimony 1*: Anonymous, identity not verified. (colleague)

Testimony 2: Anonymous, but with a verified identity. (acquaintance)

Testimony 3: AidET, a grassroots organization in the United States, focusing on the Xinjiang crisis.

Testimony 4: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 5: Radio Free Asia Uyghur, the Uyghur-language service of Radio Free Asia. (acquaintance)

About the victim

Sajide Tursun was a scholar, born in Aksu City and later moving to Qaghiliq County while in primary school. Doing her undergraduate studies in inner China, she went on to complete a PhD in anthropology abroad and graduated from the Max Planck Institute in Germany in June 2017. She had an additional year of funding and was looking for postdoctoral research opportunities when she was detained.

She was also a Communist Party member.

Victim's location

A large town in southwestern Xinjiang, according to the first anonymous testifier.

When victim was detained

The victim was first arrested upon her return to Xinjiang, not long before the 19th Party Congress. The purpose of the visit was to see her paralyzed father, who would die three months after her arrest.

She was originally jailed [presumably, kept in police custody], prior to being sent to a concentration camp. She was eventually released, but was not allowed to leave her city. Likely (or given) reason for detention

---

Victim's status

She appears to be under residential/community surveillance, and is unable to leave the town/city she currently resides in.

A Chinese institution in another province had invited Sajide to a job interview, but she was prevented from traveling by the local authorities.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The testifier was a colleague of the victim and would presumably have relatively direct knowledge of her situation.

Additional information

Academia.edu profile: http://uu.academia.edu/SajidaTursun

She has also been mentioned in the German paper Tagesspegiel: https://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/menschenrechte-neue-lager-in-hotan/23649560-2.html

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/kishilik-hoquq/sajide-tursun-01172019175151.html

This victim is also included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

Supplementary materials photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/10_1.png Testimony 3: https://shahit.biz/supp/10_2.png

Entry created: 2018-09-24 Last updated: 2020-12-11 Latest status update: 2019-02-24 146. Zhanibek Kamilzhan

Chinese ID: 65402419????????O? (Tokkuztara)

Basic info

Age: --- Gender: M Ethnicity: Kazakh Likely current location: Ili Status: unclear (hard) When problems started: --- Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: government

Testifying party (submitted by third party)

Seydmuhammed Shezhirbekuly, Erzhan Aben, Sadyrzhan Anayat

Victim's relation to testifier

Relative

About the victim

Zhanibek Kamilzhanuly, a civil servant. CCP member.

Victim's location

Presumably in/around the Tikarik (2nd sector) village in the Togiztarau (Gongliu) county of Xinjiang.

When victim was detained

Detained last year to spend 15 days in a re-education camp [note: maybe just a local 拘留所?]. Arrested again shortly after.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

Unclear.

Victim's status

No exact information right now. In detention.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Unclear. Additional information

---

Supplementary materials video testimony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzRwFrA6PdI Letter of complaint to UN and rights organizations: https://shahit.biz/supp/146_1.pdf

Entry created: 2018-10-19 Last updated: 2019-06-19 Latest status update: 2018-10-17 166. Venera Muqatai (维丽娜·木哈太)

Chinese ID: 654221195910010081 (Dorbiljin)

Basic info

Age: 61 Gender: F Ethnicity: Kazakh Likely current location: Tacheng Status: house/town arrest When problems started: Jan. 2018 - Mar. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): challenging authority|--- Health status: has problems Profession: ---

Testifying party (* direct submission)

Testimony 1: Berikbol Muqatai, a Kazakhstan citizen since 2008. (brother)

Testimony 2|3|4|5|6|7|8|13: Akikat Kaliolla, a musician from Dorbiljin County, now a Kazakhstan citizen. (son)

Testimony 9*: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by Gene A. Bunin. (son)

Testimony 10: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by Agence France-Presse. (son)

Testimony 11: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by Global Voices. (son)

Testimony 12: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by The Believer. (son)

Testimony 14: Venera Muqatai, a Party member from Dorbiljin County, and wife of Qaliolla Tursyn. She is a survivor of the mass incarcerations in Xinjiang, having spent around nine months in a camp. (the victim)

Testimony 15: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by National Public Radio. (son)

Testimony 16: Akikat Kaliolla, as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin. (son)

About the victim

Venera Muqatai was a Party member.

Address: 003 Second East Alley, South Progress Road, Dorbiljin Municipality, Dorbiljin County, Xinjiang (新疆额敏县额敏镇前进南路东二巷003号).

Victim's location

[Presumably in Tacheng.]

When victim was detained She was arrested in mid-March 2018, not long after the arrest of her husband on March 15. According to Akikat, his mother was detained after going to the local authorities to ask the reason for her husband's and sons' detentions.

She was first taken to a concentration camp in Turgun Village, then transferred to the thirteenth floor of the People's Hospital in Dorbiljin County because of her high blood pressure, and then transferred to a heating company (热力公司) that had been converted into a camp. She was released from camp at the end of 2018, as partially confirmed by the phone call she and her two other sons had with Akikat on January 27, 2019.

While there was a report from someone who had been in the region that they were once more detained after that, it seems that, in general, they have been released to some sort of house arrest or community surveillance, but have been unable to come to Kazakhstan to see Akikat.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

The family appears to have been targeted following Venera's husband, Qaliolla Tursyn, writing an appeal to the authorities in Beijing (with regard to the local authorities beating a man to death).

More concretely, her son believes that she was detained for demanding why her husband and sons were arrested.

Victim's status

Appears to be under some sort of residential/community surveillance, and is unable to leave the country to see her son in Kazakhstan.

Sometime in/before August 2020, the victim, together with her two sons, made a video statement from their home, in which they said that they had been wronged, adding that they were leaving their fates in Akikat's hands, and asking that he look for them if they vanished. Akikat has had no contact with them since August 16, 2020.

She suffers from high blood pressure and may have suffered some injuries from the time spent in camp.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Akikat heard the news from several sources, some of which cannot be revealed but have been validated by shahit.biz.

On January 27, 2019, Akikat was able to partially confirm their situation via a direct phone call.

A lot of the news Akikat has obtained from people who had been in Dorbiljin County during this time and were later able to come to Kazakhstan.

The victim's video statement is an eyewitness testimony.

Additional information

According to what Akikat heard, his mother was considered a "dangerous person" while in camp, with people not allowed to talk to her. In a mid-2020 call to Akikat, Venera told him that internet regulators had come to their home with an official notice, allowing her and her sons Parasat and Muqyiat to call Akikat via the internet. Venera said that a government official also gave the family three scripts [one for each] that they were supposed to read from. She told Akikat that she was scared, under pressure, and that she deviated from her script. She reportedly told Akikat: "I was supposed to say: my child, you're very worried about us, but no matter what you do, think twice. If you have a complaint, take it up with China. You must trust the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party."

The family's story has been featured in several media outlets: https://www.yahoo.com/news/kazakh-families-torn-apart-chinas-xinjiang-crackdown-032511957.html https://globalvoices.org/2019/02/09/i-wont-stop-kazakh-man-seeks-justice-for-family-caught-in-chinas-xin jiang-crackdown/ https://www.npr.org/2021/03/03/973198171/family-disappears-amid-chinas-detention-of-mostly-ethnic-u yghurs https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/ql1-01072021075222.html

Akikat has also given a detailed interview to The Believer: https://believermag.com/weather-reports-voices-from-xinjiang/

Miscellaneous media evidence

Context: Kazakhstan-based musician Akikat Kaliolla's parents and two brothers were all disappeared in March 2018, soon after his father sent a formal letter of complaint to Beijing over the local authorities' alleged murder of a young man critical of the mass incarcerations and local corruption. While the father was allegedly sentenced to 20 years, the mother and two brothers were sent to camp and later released, to remain under close surveillance. In 2020, Akikat's mother video-chatted with him and told him what had happened. Later, she and her two sons also made a short video where, holding up their ID cards, they spoke about their situation frankly. Translation as follows.

(first video)

Venera (mother): Muqiat suffered too. And Parasat. Parasat experienced the hardships there. I heard him screaming when they beat him up. Akikat: Parasat's voice? Venera: I thought I would die. I fainted that day. They put heart medication down my throat and took me to my room there, dragging me by the shoulders, and then left. I spent the entire night lying like that. I couldn't come to myself. I wanted to talk, but my tongue wouldn't move. My son, this is the kind of hardship we've experienced. I've told you this today, and so I might disappear tomorrow for having done so. I don't care, even if I do disappear. They are putting pressure on Qaliolla, and he's being falsely accused. They are taking revenge on him. They've illegally taken him to the educational training center and locked him up in a solitary room, beating him until he fainted. He was taken back [to his cell] afterwards, with his injuries. We heard about all this. The people who stayed with him saw it, and told me about it. That's it. This is how terrible our situation is now. My son, stay strong. You’re looking for us, and don't stop looking for your dad. This is what our life is like, this is the kind of pressure we're living under. That's all, my son.

(second video)

Venera: Today, I told my son Akikat of all the hardships that we've been through. This isn't some state secret - all of us were wronged. So, today the three of us have put our lives into Akikat's hands. Son, we are in your hands. We have been wronged. Muqyiat (older brother): If we suddenly disappear, you have to look for us. Who knows what they might do to us... Parasat (younger brother): Everything we've gone through is the genuine truth. The criminals must be imprisoned.

Video: https://shahit.biz/supp/misc_166.mp4 Source: https://twitter.com/Akikatkaliolla/status/1308127117863944198, https://twitter.com/babussokutan/status/1339491059433410561

Victims among relatives

Qaliolla Tursyn (167), Parasat Qaliolla (164), Muqyiat Qaliolla (165)

Supplementary materials

Testimony 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8k-5Hl9XRw Testimony 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v07V2AWXFQI Testimony 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N_VmCqhQ4Tg Testimony 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5h6Csf-wO8 Testimony 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wJzyJnyg6o Testimony 6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EG9Z39EaB8 Testimony 7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSHAwvqGb94 Testimony 8: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WqfgzYia0MI Testimony 13: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/adoi.ka.1/posts/17833978 6474596&width=450 Testimony 14: https://twitter.com/Akikatkaliolla/status/1308127117863944198?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw permission to travel: https://twitter.com/Akikatkaliolla/status/1309360673193955329?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw Chinese ID: https://shahit.biz/supp/166_11.jpg

Entry created: 2018-10-23 Last updated: 2021-05-08 Latest status update: 2021-01-07 222. Azat Sultan (阿扎提·苏里坦)

Chinese ID: 650102195001094013 (Urumqi)

Basic info

Age: 70 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: unclear (soft) When problems started: Jan. 2018 - Mar. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|"two-faced", "separatism", "terrorism" Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Qutluq Almas, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

Testimony 2: Xinjiang University staff, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 3: Local government employee, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 4|5|6: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 7: The "Shanghai List", as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 8: Urumqi police records, as reported by Yael Grauer.

About the victim

Azat Sultan was born in Urumqi in 1950. After graduating from the language and literature department of Nankai University in 1982, he would go on to work as a teacher at the Urumqi Experimental High School. In 1999, he became a member of the Chinese Writers Association.

He became president of Xinjiang Normal University in 2003. In 2011, he was elected president of the Xinjiang Association of Literature and Art. At the time of his arrest, he was serving as Xinjiang University's vice president, where he was also a literature professor.

He's held a number of other positions over the course of his career, including: Xinjiang Writers Association President, Chinese Uyghur Historical and Cultural Scientific Association Vice President, Xinjiang Twelve Muqam and Classical Literature Research Association Vice President, Xinjiang Lu Xun Research Association Vice President, Chinese Society for Contemporary Literature Board Member, Chinese Minority Literature Research Association Board Member, Editorial Board Member of "Chinese Folk Literature", "Tarim", "Tengritagh", "Xinjiang Social Sciences Forum", and other journals.

Some of his notable papers and articles include "Literary Pleasure and the Development of Literature and Art", "Tragic Consciousness in Uyghur Prose Creativity", and "On Abdurehim Otkur's Prose". Victim's location

[Presumably in Urumqi.]

When victim was detained

Azat was reported to have been detained in January 2018.

According to Abduweli Ayup, he was released in May 2019.

(Police records mention him going through a police check on August 23, 2017 in Urumqi, being deemed "completely normal" (一切正常), and allowed to move on (放行).)

Likely (or given) reason for detention

A staffer for the Xinjiang Association of Literature and Art's political department reported that Azat had displayed "two-faced tendencies". He also said: "[Prof. Sultan's] approach was against our Party - his thoughts showed a separatist tendency. He took advantage of his lecturing position in an uncontaminated place like the university to preach his separatist ideas".

The "Shanghai List", a leaked police document, reported him as a "terrorist suspect" [though it is not clear what this really entailed].

Victim's status

According to a July 25, 2019 post by Abduweli Ayup, he has been released.

In an article published on March 5, 2020 (https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1181738.shtml), the state-media outlet Global Times claimed to have gotten in touch with Liu Zhengjiang, a colleague of Azat Sultan, who claimed that he had met Azat "a few days ago". Liu reportedly then contacted Azat, who had been spending the winter in Hainan Island of southern China. [While this should not be taken at face value, it may nevertheless be seen as a potential/partial corroboration of Abduweli's report.]

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Qutluq Almas cites "credible sources in the region", while Abduweli Ayup's sources are unclear.

The testimonies from the Xinjiang University staffer and the local government employee reported by Radio Free Asia are primary sources close to the case. The Shanghai List and the Urumqi police records are both primary sources coming from the Chinese police.

Additional information

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/professors-09182018151339.html https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/professor-09242018164800.html https://www.rfa.org/english/news/special/shanghai-list/

Mentioned in an article in University World News: http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20180928160408284

Victim's 2015 piece for the China Daily: http://archive.is/fAFio

This victim is included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

In late 2012, he gave a lecture at Beijing University about how no religion should be linked to terrorism (https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/qisqa_xewerler/terrorluq-12032012165655.html).

His Baidu Baike: https://archive.is/YqC0Q

His profile on the Chinese Writers Association site: https://archive.is/r0Utw

Mention in a blog entry: https://archive.is/zKKqm

One of his books: https://archive.is/acmSr

His article on the economic development of the Silk Road: https://archive.is/75hnX

Local article mentioning his remarks on the Belt and Road: https://archive.is/wOqAf

His online teacher profile page: https://archive.is/c22Lp

An open counter-terrorism letter that he was a signatory to (2014): https://archive.is/HzbGM

Listed as the Uyghur head of the Chinese Writers Association: https://archive.is/CVziV

Notice mentioning his visit to the University of Science and Technology of China: https://archive.is/sLUNf

An article about him and writer Wang Meng: https://archive.is/E5QbK

Radio Free Asia calls transcript

Call No. 1 (with Xinjiang University staff): RFA: When was Gheyretjan Osman detained? Staffer: No, I don’t know anything about that. RFA: What about Azat Sultan? Staffer: No, I don’t have any information about that.

Call No. 2 (with Xinjiang Writers and Artists Union): Staffer: Hello? RFA: Is this the Autonomous Region Writers Union? Staffer: Eh… [cut off by voiceover] [This individual then connected RFA to the political affairs office of the Writers Union.] Staffer: Ah… Okay, wait a second. RFA: Okay. Could you connect me to the office of the head of political affairs?

Call No. 3 (with the political affairs office): Staffer A: Hello?… Okay, let me get my colleague for you, and you can tell him. RFA: Okay, okay. … Staffer B: Hello? RFA: Hi! How are you? Staffer B: Eh, keeping healthy. Good! RFA: So… How long has it been since Azat Sultan was taken away? To the training center. Staffer B: I… So, two years ago, I went down to do grassroots-level work, so I wasn’t here when that happened. I just got back recently. About one… one month ago now. … RFA: So you don’t have any information about Azat Sultan’s situation and where he is. Staffer B: After we got back, we were attending those meetings, you know? The study meetings. According to what was said there, he was “two-faced”. RFA: Ah, “two-faced”. So, regarding Azat Sultan being “two-faced” … Did they say that he did something to get taken away while he was teaching at the university? Or was it some fault or mistake after he became the head of the Writers Union? Based on what you heard. Staffer B: I really couldn’t tell you. RFA: Of course. If you don’t know, then we’ll speak with someone better positioned. So, you know that Azat Sultan was punished under accusations of being two-faced, but you don’t know what concretely he was punished for. You didn’t receive any document or hear this in a meeting. Staffer B: That’s right, yes. I didn’t manage to get any clear news during those. Earlier, I had seen that “cautionary film” (警示片) during a work unit meeting, and there was a clarification about that person there. Yep. … Staffer B: Basically… He expressed things that had an anti-Party or splittist character and, moreover, used such a pure place as a school as a platform, used the convenience of his position of leadership… Used these things to try to bring his plans to reality. To put it simply, for years he had been mocking our Communist Party and our government, teaching these people and making them credulous. They heard such an ideology from a person in a position of leadership, after he was placed in a position to teach thousands and thousands of children. This reactionary walked on the road that went against our Party. That’s what they said. That is my understanding.

Source: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/qanun/uyghur-ziyaliy-lager-09182018140232.html

Supplementary materials

Testimony 5: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/abduwali.ayup.3/posts/26 69852106383998&width=350 bio tweet: https://twitter.com/XJscholars/status/1062761831134040065?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw TV show appearance: https://shahit.biz/supp/222_5.jpg

Entry created: 2018-10-26 Last updated: 2021-07-01 Latest status update: 2020-03-05 224. Abdukerim Rahman (阿布都克里木·热合曼)

Chinese ID: 6531??194112????O? (place of origin unclear)

Basic info

Age: 78 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: unclear (soft) When problems started: Jan. 2018 - Mar. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Qutluq Almas, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

Testimony 2: "Amy Anderson", a pseudonym of someone from Xinjiang who has previously written for the Living Otherwise blog. (relation unclear)

Testimony 3|5|7: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 4: Jaudat Abas, an ethnic Tatar from Xinjiang, now residing in Europe. (former student)

Testimony 6: Xinjiang University staff, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

About the victim

Abdukerim Rahman is a well-known Uyghur scholar and professor. After studying literature at Xinjiang University from 1959 to 1964, he would go on to work for 47 years as a literature professor at his alma mater, all the way until his retirement in 2011. His scholarship - including over 20 books and 150 articles - has become critical to the fields of anthropology, ethnology, literature, and folklore study. Among his students, he was also known for his love of literature and his immense personal library.

He was a Communist Party member for over 40 years.

Victim's location

[Presumably in Urumqi, as this is where the victim was based.]

When victim was detained

Allegedly taken to a camp in January 2018.

In July 25, 2019, it was announced by Abduweli Ayup that he had been released. In a 2020 version of his list of detained prominent Uyghurs, Abduweli specified that Abdukerim had been released in May 2019. Likely (or given) reason for detention

---

Victim's status

Believed to be released from camp, but it is unclear what his current situation is like.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Qutluq cites "reliable sources in the region". It is not clear how Abduweli heard of the release.

The staff at Xinjiang University who confirmed his detention would presumably have more direct knowledge of the case.

Additional information

Article on Living Otherwise: https://livingotherwise.com/2018/10/02/abdukerim-rahman-surviving-without-books/

RFA coverage: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/professor-09242018164800.html https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/siyaset/uyghur-ziyaliy-lager-09132018143252.html

This victim is also included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

Radio Free Asia calls transcript

Source: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/siyaset/uyghur-ziyaliy-lager-09132018143252.html

Supplementary materials

Testimony 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7DL4dT4P1c Testimony 5: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/abduwali.ayup.3/posts/26 69852106383998&width=350 photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/224_3.jpg

Entry created: 2018-10-26 Last updated: 2020-06-22 Latest status update: 2020-03-31 237. Qaharman Aqman (哈哈尔曼·阿合曼)

Chinese ID: 654223197012032918 (Shawan)

Basic info

Age: 49 Gender: M Ethnicity: Kazakh Likely current location: Tacheng Status: sentenced (4 years) When problems started: Apr. 2018 - June 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|"breach of Party discipline", "taking bribes" Health status: has problems Profession: government

Testifying party

Testimony 1|2|3|4|5|7|10|13|14: Gulbaqyt Qali, a resident of Kazakhstan. (sister)

Testimony 6: Qurmangul Madinam Islam, a citizen of Kazakhstan. (relation unclear)

Testimony 8: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin. (cousin)

Testimony 9: Gaziza Dulat, a resident of Kazakhstan. (mother)

Testimony 11: Gulbaqyt Qali, as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin. (sister)

Testimony 12: Regional disciplinary committee, a branch of the government body charged with investigating potential abuses committed by Party members.

About the victim

Qaharman Aqman graduated from the Tacheng Pedagogical Institute in 1989. He worked as dean of Xinjiang Pedagogical Institute’s Political School, later as dean of the Dongwan Nationalities School, and then as dean of the No. 2 Middle School in Shawan County. He has also previously worked at the Religious Affairs Office, and recently served as a governor of Toly County for 1-2 years.

Address: Shawan County, Tacheng Region, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.

Victim's location

A prison in Wusu City.

When victim was detained

Detained on April 5, 2018. Sentenced at some point, but unclear when.

According to the victim's sister, his wife was threatened into giving 400000RMB in order to have her husband released. She gave the money, but he was not released. [In a later testimony: instead of 400000RMB, it was actually 1000000RMB, but the authorities allegedly returned 200000RMB following the testifier's appeals.]

Likely (or given) reason for detention

The official investigation notice reported him being investigated for "serious breach of the law and Party discipline".

According to relatives, he was detained for signing a contract to build a mosque while part of the religious affairs office, and for bribery (which the relatives say is false).

According to his sister, her brother also received some money from the government to build a stable, and now the authorities are accusing the victim of obtaining the money illegally.

Victim's status

Serving a 4-year prison sentence [previously, this had been reported as 19].

His sister reports that he is suffering from mental illness, kidney problems, and rheumatism. At one point, she also heard that the victim went mad after his trial and was put in a mental hospital. She also reports him not being allowed any family visits.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Not stated.

Additional information

According to Gulbaqyt, a man named Qian Zhengfeng was the one who filed the accusation against the victim.

Notice of his appointment as Vice-Director of the Tacheng Prefecture Earthquake Office: http://archive.is/VpfRt

Instances of him attending various government meetings, including giving speeches praising the government and the "People’s United" ideal, as well as vowing to vehemently oppose "separatist" movements: http://www.sohu.com/a/137642300_168887 http://www.xjswx.gov.cn/info/1531/32833.htm http://www.xjtc.gov.cn/info/1187/127007.htm http://archive.is/T3RMq http://archive.is/OGjse

His Baidu Baike: http://archive.is/QC9FZ

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/ql2-11072019073837.html https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/ql-10172019064718.html Investigation announcement

“Announcement from the prefectural disciplinary/supervisory committee: The Toli County NPC Standing Committee Party leadership group member and deputy head candidate Qaharman Aqman is suspected of seriously breaching (Party) discipline and the law, and is currently undergoing disciplinary review and supervisory investigation.” – Tacheng Prefecture Disciplinary Committee (May 1, 2018)

Source: https://archive.vn/tS71I

Victims among relatives

Gulsim Bordigan (2854), Muqiat Qabidolla (238), Shyngys Qaharman (2853), Magzhan Qaharman (2855)

Supplementary materials

Testimony 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OE06CmGJtEc Testimony 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djcL7Txp1rs Testimony 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q96tqnrW2IQ Testimony 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kovaMZEXWYg Testimony 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aco8V7GdYWc Testimony 6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eaucz5HOGko Testimony 7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqIHeFF8TUY Testimony 9: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKtFnsQ3lXw Testimony 10: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATulsGOCitw Testimony 13: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XxOMHSFVDCE Testimony 14: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAmwhrlMEMY

Entry created: 2018-10-28 Last updated: 2020-11-02 Latest status update: 2020-11-05 251. Erkin Omer (艾尔肯·吾买尔)

Chinese ID: 65310119????????O? (Kashgar)

Basic info

Age: --- Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Kashgar Status: --- When problems started: July 2018 - Sep. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|"separatism" Health status: --- Profession: education

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (from same town/region)

Testimony 2: Kashgar University staff member, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

About the victim

Professor Erkin Omer was the president of Kashgar University.

Victim's location

[Presumably in Kashgar.]

When victim was detained

The victim was removed from his position in early September 2018. It is not clear what happened afterwards.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

According to Radio Free Asia, citing a report on the university website, he and other colleagues were removed for exhibiting "separatist tendencies", following a probe by a disciplinary commission.

Victim's status

Unknown if detained or simply transferred to a different position [as was the case with Gulnar Obul, also removed from her position during the same probe].

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The anonymous testifier learned of the victim's removal via an official news report on the university's website. The report has been verified by Radio Free Asia, as well. The second testifier is a member of the university staff and would presumably have more direct knowledge of the case.

Additional information

Radio Free Asia report: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/professors-09192018144118.html

This victim is also included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

His Baidu Baike: https://archive.vn/3AZYn

Article about his visiting Shanghai for a cadres seminar (2015): https://archive.is/6WpFw

Article about his visiting Guangzhou University in late 2017: https://archive.is/qgEmi

Profile article (2018): https://archive.is/W9qsa

Appears as an advisor on a list of master-degree positions for 2014: https://archive.is/gkL3x

List of appointments that includes his appointment as head of the Kashgar Normal Institute (2012): https://archive.is/Egsni

Taking part in the "becoming family" campaign (2017): https://archive.is/OmzWM

Supplementary materials event in Kashgar (2012): https://twitter.com/TQahiri/status/1337838366323257348?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw at lunch with colleagues: https://shahit.biz/supp/251_1.jpg speaking to students: https://shahit.biz/supp/251_2.jpg visit to Guangzhou University: https://shahit.biz/supp/251_3.png

Entry created: 2018-10-28 Last updated: 2020-12-20 Latest status update: 2018-09-19 252. Tashpolat Teyip (塔西甫拉提·特依拜)

Chinese ID: 650102195812254535 (Urumqi)

Basic info

Age: 61 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: unclear (hard) When problems started: Jan. 2017 - Mar. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): "two-faced"|"taking bribes", "terrorism" Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Xinjiang University staff, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (colleague)

Testimony 2: Anonymous, as reported by Asialyst. (relation unclear)

Testimony 3: Anonymous, as reported by "Amy Anderson". (friends, family, and students)

Testimony 4: Amnesty International, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 5: Nury Teyip, as reported by Los Angeles Times. (brother)

Testimony 6: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 7: American Association of Geographers, a non-profit scientific and educational society aimed at advancing geography and related fields. (colleague)

Testimony 8: Xinjiang University Honghu Net (新疆大学红湖网), a web portal of Xinjiang University.

Testimony 9: Chinese government spokesperson, as reported by Science.

Testimony 10: Anonymous, as reported by BBC. (colleague)

Testimony 11: Nury Teyip, now residing in the United States. (brother)

Testimony 12: Nury Teyip, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (brother)

Testimony 13: The "Shanghai List", as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 14: Letter from the Chinese government, providing an official reply regarding a certain query or issue.

About the victim A graduate of Xinjiang University (1983) and a geographer with a doctorate degree from the Tokyo University of Science, Dr. Tashpolat Teyip served as the President of Xinjiang University and as a Communist Party deputy secretary from 2010. He is the author of several book contributions and scientific articles on spectroscopy and long-distance sensing, and their applications to measuring land cover and soil types. He has also received an honorary degree from one of France's most prestigious educational institutions, l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes de Paris (EPHE).

Originally from Ghulja City, he had been residing in Urumqi for decades.

Victim's location

[Presumably in Urumqi.]

When victim was detained

He is reported to have been stopped at the Beijing airport in late March 2017 and told to return to Urumqi, while on his way to a conference in Germany, where he was supposed to attend the launch of a joint center to study underground coal fires, a collaboration between Xinjiang University and the Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics in Hanover. [There is a contradiction here, as Nury Teyip in his interview to NBC says that Tashpolat was arrested after returning from Germany.]

His replacement was announced at a meeting of Communist Party cadres on March 31, 2017, and his name was subsequently removed from the official list of Xinjiang University presidents, which lists every Xinjiang University president since 1924. He had previously been praised on the university's website for his "commitment to serving the Party with complete obedience, including 'strictly implementing political ideology'".

At some point after his arrest, he was given a death sentence with 2-year reprieve.

An official statement by the Chinese government offers a different view, saying that he was arrested on May 7, 2018 for accepting bribes, and that an open trial for him was held on June 13, 2019 by Urumqi's intermediate court. A statement of a Chinese government spokesperson in Washington, D.C. mirrors this, saying that he was arrested in May 2018 for corruption.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

According to those who were close to him, he is believed to have been detained on the charge of being "two-faced".

The official claim by the Chinese government is that he was arrested for accepting bribes.

The "Shanghai List", a leaked police document, reported him as a "terrorist suspect" [though it is not clear what this really entailed].

Victim's status

Originally reported as sentenced to death with a 2-year reprieve. However, later statements by official sources suggest that this may have changed. As of December 9, 2019, the official statement from the authorities was that his trial was still ongoing. His brother, Nuri Teyip, who lives in the U.S., had previously said that he had not been able to receive any news regarding Tashpolat or any of his other family members. According to the LA Times report, he has been unable to contact any of them. In a more recent RFA report, he is reported as saying that he heard of Tashpolat being given 20 years in prison, but without being able to confirm this.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Little has been known about his case. His disappearance was reported by those who knew him, with his being relieved from his position as President of Xinjiang University publicly written about on the XJU site. Radio Free Asia was able to confirm some details by contacting XJU directly.

Information about his 2-year death sentence reprieve came from the fact that he was allegedly featured in the same state instruction film as many other Uyghur scholars (as reported by those having seen the film, though it is unclear who).

That he was allegedly arrested and tried for corruption was reported by Chinese state sources, which presumably have direct knowledge of his case.

Additional information

Coverage and sources: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/university-president-02202018173959.html https://asialyst.com/fr/2018/10/19/chine-elite-ouighoure-decapitee-xinjiang/ https://livingotherwise.com/2019/01/22/death-sentence-life-service/ https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/execution-09102019175637.html/ampRFA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tashpolat_Tiyip https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-09-28/a-uighur-scholar-faces-execution-as-internation al-pressure-fails-to-budge-chinas-xinjiang-policies http://archive.is/b9yX4 http://archive.is/MMlVs https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/10/there-s-no-hope-rest-us-uyghur-scientists-swept-china-s-mas sive-detentions https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-49956088 https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/qisqa_xewer/tashpolat-tiyip-12272019172612.html (English: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/death-12272019142753.html) https://www.rfa.org/english/news/special/shanghai-list/

Announcement of his being removed from his post: https://archive.fo/MMlVs

The American Association of Geographers published a letter on September 17, 2019, signed by 1300 academics, in support of the release of Tashpolat Teyip: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ie4yxXBdQe3MoNmQCZ07-oqyokEWsxb5/view

Various other academic and human rights institutions have called for Teyip’s release, including the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Amnesty International, PEN America, and Scholars at Risk.

This victim is included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

Court cases in which Tashpolat Teyip represented Xinjiang University: http://archive.is/nj61l http://archive.is/ViJwf http://archive.is/WtSkz

Awarded the Magtymguly International Prize: http://archive.is/gBaB6

Authored books: http://archive.is/gqVln

Statement by French embassy in Beijing: https://cn.ambafrance.org/Statement-by-the-Spokesperson-on-the-trial-of-Chinese-human

Statement by UNHRC experts: https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25454

State-media article praising him: http://archive.is/6ItHG

Official communication(s)

Source: Chinese Government (branch unclear)

------

Receipt is hereby acknowledged of communication No. UA CHN 21/2019 from the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions and the Special Rapporteur on minority issues of the United Nations Human Rights Council. The Chinese Government wishes to make the following reply:

Taxifulati Teyibai (who formerly used the name Tashifulati Tiyifu) is a male of Uyghur ethnicity born on December 25, 1958 in Ghulja City, Xinjiang. He holds a doctorate in engineering and is the former Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Xinjiang University, and President of the University. He was placed under arrest by the public security agency on May 7, 2018, in accordance with the law, on suspicion of the offences of accepting bribes and corruption in particularly large amounts.

On the day when the public security agency placed him under arrest it clearly informed his family of the reason for the arrest and of his place of detention. During the procedures, both the Urumqi municipal intermediate people's procuratorate and the Urumqi municipal intermediate people's court informed the accused, Taxifulati Teyibai, in accordance with the law, that in addition to defending himself, he had the right to hire a defence lawyer to represent him. In accordance with his own wishes, his family appointed a lawyer to defend him. At this point the defence lawyer appointed by his family has already met with him eight times. According to the relevant rules of the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China, during the trial stage, only the defence lawyer may meet with the accused; the family had no right to visit or meet with him.

On June 13, 2019 the Urumqi municipal intermediate people’s court heard this case in an open session. Before the trial, Taxifulati Teyibai, the accused, informed his family through his defence lawyer that they did not need to attend the proceedings. The family respected his wishes and did not come to the court on the day of the trial. From the investigation stage, through the stages of prosecution and trial, all the proceedings fully complied with the rules of the Criminal Procedure Law and all the procedural rights of Taxifulati Teyibai and his defence lawyer were fully guaranteed, in accordance with the law. The trial of this case is still under way. The so-called secret death sentence, with reprieve, is completely false information. Supplementary materials show-of-support testimony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2BZ8ucv7v-o Global Times tweet: https://twitter.com/globaltimesnews/status/1212957476573732869?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw photo (1): https://shahit.biz/supp/252_1.jpg photo (2): https://shahit.biz/supp/252_2.jpg Testimony 7: https://shahit.biz/supp/252_3.pdf photo (3): https://shahit.biz/supp/252_4.jpg photo with Turkmen president: https://shahit.biz/supp/252_5.jpg photo (4): https://shahit.biz/supp/252_6.png photo (5): https://shahit.biz/supp/252_7.jpg photo with brother: https://shahit.biz/supp/252_9.jpg old family photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/252_10.jpg Testimony 11: https://shahit.biz/supp/252_12.mp4 official communication(s): https://shahit.biz/supp/comm_252.png

Entry created: 2018-10-28 Last updated: 2021-07-02 Latest status update: 2020-01-03 253. Halmurat Ghopur (哈木拉提·吾甫尔)

Chinese ID: 650102196003064533 (Urumqi)

Basic info

Age: 58 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: unclear (hard) When problems started: Oct. 2017 - Dec. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|"separatism", "terrorism" Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Local government employee, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 2: Local police, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 3: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (relation unclear)

Testimony 4|5: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 6: "Dilshat Dillon Hopur", an unverified Facebook account. (brother)

Testimony 7: The "Shanghai List", as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

About the victim

Halmurat Ghopur was the president of the Xinjiang Food and Drug Administration's Department of Inspection and Supervision in Urumqi. He previously served as the President of Xinjiang Medical University Hospital.

His legacy includes official acknowledgement for developing a treatment for respiratory illnesses which combined Western and traditional Uyghur medicine.

Victim's location

Likely in Urumqi, as that is where he was born and worked.

When victim was detained

Detained in November 2017.

Likely (or given) reason for detention "Exhibiting separatist tendencies" and "plotting to create a Muslim caliphate".

When the state security police came to arrest Halmurat in late 2017, he demanded to know why. An officer told him that he had exhibited "nationalistic tendencies" and read off some of his conversations on the WeChat app that the police had been monitoring. Officials also confiscated his computer.

He was later featured, alongside four other high-profile Uyghur intellectuals also sentenced to death or life in prison, in an officially produced "political study" film, which was made required viewing for all government cadres in Xinjiang. The film accused Halmurat of plotting to "create a Muslim Caliphate in the region by 2030". Other sources confirm receiving "an official document" stating that Halmurat planned to create an independent country and become its leader.

One article on the Chinese internet (source no longer traceable), appears to suggest that the victim was among those accused of splittism through “collaboration with pro-independence forces in China and abroad”.

The "Shanghai List", a leaked police document, reported him as a "terrorist suspect" [though it is not clear what this really entailed].

Victim's status

Given a death sentence with two-year reprieve.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The staff and police who confirmed his detention learned about it through official documents and a government-produced film.

Additional information

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/sentence-09282018145150.html https://www.rfa.org/english/news/special/shanghai-list/

This victim is also included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

رۇپوغ_تارۇملاخ/Uyghur Wikipedia entry: https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki

His Baidu Baike page: http://archive.is/WjTbP

Profile by Chinese Academy of Sciences: http://archive.is/aU9lx

Profile on the Xinjiang Medical University page: http://archive.is/ZAl1x

Research Gate profile created to bring awareness to his arrest: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Halmurat_Upur

Legal cases in which he represented the Xinjiang Medical University: http://archive.is/X4IFL http://archive.is/PqHvR http://archive.is/ib0Xi http://archive.is/jeFXZ

A leaked audio of a lecture at the Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics (https://uighurtimes.com/index.php/elimination-of-uyghur-counter-revolutionary-officials-in-the-academi c-fields-exact-quotes-translated-from-a-leaked-audio-file/) has a teacher describe the mass detentions of scholars that had occurred earlier in Xinjiang. He mentions Halmurat Ghopur, saying that Halmurat had confessed during a trial to having learned separatist tendencies from his father. The lecturer also says that Halmurat had supposedly gone to Turkey to sign a "secret agreement", which would see him climb up the academia ladder until he would gain enough influence and be declared president of an independent East Turkestan in 2030. The teacher also tells a story of how after the Party Secretary Li Jun had finished instructing university students about the religious clothing prohibitions, Halmurat later told the students in Uyghur to not worry about it and continue wearing the garments.

Radio Free Asia calls transcript

Call No. 1 (with staff from the XUAR Arts & Culture Association Political Affairs Department): RFA: Based on the propaganda you watched, what is the statement concerning Halmurat Ghopur? Staffer: Mainly, it’s his separatist activity, and using his position and reputation at the university for illegal propaganda. … Staffer: Recently, we received a report about Halmurat, about his life and how he grew up. He was raised in a religious family, received a religious education, and he wanted to build a country and be the leader of that country … He has been plotting ever since he was studying for his master’s, up to when he became president of the university. For almost 33 years.

Call No. 2 (with the police department of the Bulaqsu Township in Konasheher County): RFA: What was the reason for showing you the film about Halmurat? Was it a police film, a cautionary film? How did they introduce it? How long was the film? Police: The film was around an hour and a half long. RFA: An hour and a half. Police: An hour… RFA: Did you also see or hear about the punishment that the professors from Kashgar University got, in the film? How did you learn about that? Any news…? Police: I wasn’t there when it got to that part. … RFA: How about Halmurat? What punishment did they give him? Police: He was sentenced to death. RFA: With two-year reprieve? Police: Yes, with two-year reprieve. RFA: And you heard this during the political meeting that was held at the police station, right? Police: Yes, that’s right.

Source: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/siyaset/xamurat-ghopur-09262018151802.html

Victims among relatives

Palwan Halmurat (9613) Supplementary materials show-of-support testimony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmcYT43Flh4 Testimony 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbgOo26wgPc Testimony 6: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/AnglerDillon/posts/311198 8262198903&width=300 letter from Russian scientists: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/AnglerDillon/posts/340737 7779326615&width=300 Twitter mention: https://twitter.com/HKokbore/status/1190333175605673985?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw photo (1): https://shahit.biz/supp/253_1.png photo (2): https://shahit.biz/supp/253_2.jpg photo with Xi Jinping: https://shahit.biz/supp/253_3.jpg presentation excerpt: https://shahit.biz/supp/253_5.mp4 co-authored paper (1): https://shahit.biz/supp/253_8.pdf co-authored paper (2): https://shahit.biz/supp/253_9.pdf leaked lecture mentioning victim: https://shahit.biz/supp/253_10.mp3 paper in international journal: https://shahit.biz/supp/253_11.pdf photo (3): https://shahit.biz/supp/253_13.jpg still from CCTV report: https://shahit.biz/supp/253_14.jpg

Entry created: 2018-10-28 Last updated: 2021-07-01 Latest status update: 2018-09-28 254. Abduqadir Jalalidin (阿不都卡德尔·加拉里丁)

Chinese ID: 65312119640311??O? (Shufu)

Basic info

Age: 55 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: Urumqi Status: no news for over a year When problems started: Jan. 2018 - Mar. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: art & literature

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (relation unclear)

Testimony 2: East Turkestan Information Center, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 3|8: Local police, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 4: Feng Wenchang, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 5: Babur Jalalidin, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (son)

Testimony 6: Rachel Harris, as reported by New York Times. (friend)

Testimony 7|10: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (former student)

Testimony 9: Ondřej Klimeš, a researcher at the Oriental Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. (friend)

Testimony 11|12: Babur Jalalidin, son of famous scholar Abduqadir Jalalidin. He lives in the United States. (son)

Testimony 13: Joshua Freeman, a historian of China and Inner Asia, as well as a translator of Uyghur poetry. (friend)

About the victim

Professor Abduqadir Jalalidin was a renowned Uyghur poet and scholar, as well as a literature professor at the Xinjiang Normal University. He was a Communist Party member.

Victim's location

Back in April 2018, a security official at the Xinjiang Pedagogical University suggested that he may be in a large camp in Urumqi's Midong District.

[However, it is unclear what may have happened since. Given that he was based in Urumqi, it may be presumed that he is still in Urumqi somewhere.]

When victim was detained

On January 29, 2018, police reportedly raided Jalalidin's home, placed a black hood over his head, and took him into custody. According to a local official, authorities brought him to a political re-education camp.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

[Unknown, but ethnic-minority intellectuals in Xinjiang appear to have been heavily targeted during the recent repressions.]

Victim's status

Previously reported as having been taken for re-education. [However, there does not appear to have been any news since.]

Joshua Freeman has reported receiving a poem that Abduqadir allegedly composed while in detention, which was then memorized by fellow inmates and passed to the outside world.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The detention was confirmed by Feng Wenchang, the head of political affairs for the university's Public Security Office, who checked a list of arrested university staff to confirm the detention.

According to the RFA interview with the victim's son, Babur, it was his mother who told him of the detention before being detained herself a day later.

Additional information

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/scholar-04252018140407.html https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/kishilik-hoquq/abduqadir-jalalidin-01142019185353.html https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/kishilik-hoquq/abduqadir-jalalidin-terbiyelesh-lagerida-0427201821 0011.html

New York Times coverage: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/05/world/asia/china-xinjiang-uighur-intellectuals.html https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/23/opinion/uighur-poetry-xinjiang-china.html

Amnesty International case info: https://xinjiang.amnesty.org/#case-SR031

UHRP statement: https://uhrp.org/news/release-professor-abdulqadir-jalaleddi

CECC report: https://www.cecc.gov/sites/chinacommission.house.gov/files/documents/CECC%20Pris%20List_20181011 _1424.pdf

This victim is also included in the list of detained Uyghur intellectuals, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

Victim's Baike Baidu page: http://archive.is/bA7F3

نىدىلالاج_رىداقۇدبائ/Victim's Uyghur Wikipedia entry: https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki

A pro-Party article that he authored: http://www.uyghurnet.org/cn/文学院教授阿不都卡德尔·加拉里丁：践行党的教/

His tutor profile: http://archive.is/JO07O

Some of his poems, translated into Mandarin: https://www.chinesepen.org/blog/archives/137543 https://www.chinesepen.org/blog/archives/137524

Radio Free Asia calls transcript

Call No. 1 (with someone at Xinjiang Normal University): Staffer: Hello? RFA: Is this Xinjiang Normal University? Staffer: Yes. RFA: How long has it been since Dr. Abduqadir was taken to the training center? Staffer: How about this – this issue is kind of sensitive, can you give a call to my boss? I can give you his number.

Call No. 2 (with someone at Xinjiang Normal University): RFA: As a staff member at Xinjiang Normal University, weren’t you assigned to check up on the detainees in the training centers and see if there is any change/progress with them? Staffer: There used to be only one center in the region. Now there are three. The Xinjiang Normal University Police Station is in charge of these things. Only they know about them.

Call No. 3 (with local office, possibly police): Staffer: Can you tell me your ID number? RFA: Why is this so complicated? Such a simple thing… Staffer: What’s simple about this? Tell me your ID number. What’s simple about this?

Call No. 4 (not clear with whom): Staffer: 136999… [gives phone number, rest inaudible]. Try contacting our supervisor.

Call No. 5 (not clear with whom): Staffer: How can I help you? RFA: I have something [to ask]. Staffer: Wait a bit. RFA: Okay.

Call No. 6 (with university and local security/police): Staffer: Hello? RFA: How are you? Staffer: Good. RFA: Do you know anything about Abduqadir Jalalidin being taken to a training center? Staffer: What training center? RFA: “Transformation through education center” (教育转化中心) [said in Chinese]. Staffer: No. RFA: You don’t know about those places? Staffer: Mmm. RFA: So there aren’t any training centers in Urumqi, then? Staffer: Right. RFA: And there aren’t people being taken to the centers? Staffer: I don’t know anything about that. RFA: You don’t know? Staffer: I am hearing about it from you now. RFA: Oh, I see. So are the news on the Xinjiang People’s Radio Station fake? Saying “We are washing the brains of people, eliminating their extreme thoughts. For that reason, we are re-educating people.” Is that all fake? Staffer: I don’t watch the news. RFA: You don’t watch the news? Then, how about Shohret Zakir’s remarks a few days back? He said “we need to fight against extremism”. Are you also not aware of his remarks? Staffer: My supervisor might be aware of that. I’m not.

Call No. 7 (with public security at the Xinjiang Normal University): RFA: We heard that all the detainees from a university are taken to the same place. Do you know which training center that is? Staffer: As of today, they haven’t informed us where that is. RFA: You weren’t involved with the detention of Abduqadir Jalalidin? Staffer: The school handled that. They didn’t tell us about it. RFA: When people are being taken, you have to help out as well right? Staffer: We don’t know about that. RFA: How many teachers do you think have been taken so far? Staffer: I won’t answer questions like this. I’m sorry. I won’t answer if you ask for that many details. I’m sorry. RFA: What training school have they been taken to? We will contact them directly then. Staffer: They didn’t tell us what school. They just told us that they’ve been taken, but didn’t tell us where exactly they’ve been taken to. ... RFA: What’s the name of the school Abduqadir Jalalidin has been taken to? Staffer: They were saying in the Midong district (米东区). RFA: You heard Midong district, but don't know what school in Midong? Staffer: No, we don’t know. RFA: Is there a small branch of the training center at Xinjiang Normal University? Staffer: No, there isn’t. RFA: Then he’s in Midong. Staffer: Seems that way. RFA: Is your school close to Midong? Staffer: It’s about 20 kilometers away.

Call No. 8 (with Feng Wenchang from the university’s public security): Feng: Hello? RFA: Is this Feng Wenchang? Feng: Yes. RFA: I wanted to ask which training center Prof. Abduqadir Jalalidin was at. Feng: Just a minute, I’ll check for you… Which teacher? RFA: Abduqadir Jalalidin. A professor. Feng: It says he’s been taken by national security officers on January 29.

Source: https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/kishilik-hoquq/abduqadir-jalalidin-terbiyelesh-lagerida-0427201821 0011.html

Victims among relatives

Jemile Saqi (2293)

Supplementary materials

Testimony 9: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxTAINDTjB0 Testimony 10: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbgOo26wgPc Testimony 11: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vZFwHO_4pU Testimony 12: https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/baburjlld/posts/13737219 56124635&width=300 photo (1): https://shahit.biz/supp/254_2.jpg photo (2): https://shahit.biz/supp/254_4.jpeg photo (3): https://shahit.biz/supp/254_7.jpeg

Entry created: 2018-10-28 Last updated: 2021-04-01 Latest status update: 2019-10-07 260. Dolqyn Tursyn

Chinese ID: 65402719671018??O? (Tekes)

Basic info

Age: 51 Gender: M Ethnicity: Kazakh Likely current location: Ili Status: house/town arrest When problems started: Jan. 2017 - Mar. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): contact with outside world|--- Health status: has problems Profession: government

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Gulnur Beikut, a citizen of Kazakhstan. (wife)

Testimony 2: Marzhan Dolqyn, a resident of Kazakhstan. (daughter)

Testimony 3: Gulnur Beikut, as reported by Tortoise Media. (wife)

About the victim

Dolqyn Tursynuly is a Chinese citizen and a member of the Communist Party. He holds a Kazakhstan Permanent Resident card and is a well-educated person. He started his working career in 1987 and had worked as a math teacher, a secretary at the local government office and since 2007 he had worked in an Industrial and commercial bureau till his retirement in 2011. He moved to Kazakhstan with his family in 2011. In March 2017 his old work unit summoned him, but all his documents were taken on his arrival being told that he was a government official and member of the communist party.

DOB: October 18, 1967. Passport no. G39337491.

Victim's location

Tekes(Tekesi)County, Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China

When victim was detained

In March 2017, Yining city government required Dolkyn to return and register his passport. His passport was then confiscated. Then he was arrested and sent to re-education camp on October.

Likely (or given) reason for detention making contact with Kazakhstani people too many times and installing WhatsApp on his phone

Victim's status Tortoise Media article: after 14 months in camp, he was released to de facto house arrest in December 2018.

He has heart disease and arthritis.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status? through WeChat

Additional information

Also covered in Tortoise Media (https://members.tortoisemedia.com/2019/04/15/uighurs/content.html?sig=INMNBA7zzH4bl8chVk3Ko5p xAGqxAmFjLMkq3mwRMcY) (Testimony 3):

"Dolkun Tursun was in his apartment in Gulja late one night, video chatting with his two adult daughters, when he heard loud knocking. “Now they are here to take me away,” were the last words his daughters heard. Then the screen went black. This was in October 2017. Since then, the then 51-year-old has been detained. “We don’t know how he is doing,” says his wife, Gülnur Beikut, at our first meeting. She wears a blue dress; a simple gold necklace hangs around her neck. The interview with her and with all other family members of camp inmates has to take place at an unnamed location outside China. Anyone who talks to a foreigner in Xinjiang – or even just makes a call abroad – risks being arrested immediately and disappearing into a camp.

Tursun is a member of the Chinese Communist Party who worked his way up from maths teacher to deputy director of city markets in Gulja, an administrative post. Like tens of thousands of ethnic Kazakhs, he moved to neighbouring Kazakhstan in 2011 after retiring – and because life there is cheaper. The family kept an apartment in Gulja. Last March he received a call from his previous employer who had questions about his pension. He should come to Xinjiang for two days to discuss them. “He thought it was just a formality,” his wife explains. But when he arrived in Gulja, authorities immediately took his passport. Officials accused him of having WhatsApp installed on his phone. Tursun had to spend 14 months in a in re-education camp. Since December he has been under de facto house arrest in Gulja. His family is hoping he will be allowed to return home."

Supplementary materials

Testimony 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lni5Ok5c9U0 Testimony 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=btaVyetIn6s

Entry created: 2018-10-30 Last updated: 2020-06-13 Latest status update: 2018-12-21 273. Nurzhaqyp Auelbek (努尔加合普·安吾勒贝克)

Chinese ID: 654126197806281012 (Mongghulkure)

Basic info

Age: 42 Gender: M Ethnicity: Kazakh Likely current location: Tacheng Status: sentenced (25 years) When problems started: July 2017 - Sep. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: religion

Testifying party

Testimony 1|3: Gulpash Bekinur, a citizen of Kazakhstan as of 2014. (sister-in-law)

Testimony 2: Unknown, but with a verified identity. (mother-in-law)

Testimony 4: Lazzat Belqozha, as reported by Qazaq Uni.

Testimony 5: Orazali Imatai, born in 1974, resides in Kazakhstan. (relation unclear)

Testimony 6: Bekinur Naqysbek, as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin. (father-in-law)

Testimony 7|10: Gulzira Qalel, a resident of Kazakhstan. (aunt)

Testimony 8: Kenzhegul Alqaq, born in 1970, is now a Kazakhstan citizen. (from same town/region)

Testimony 9: Anuar Ardaq, born in 1985, is a Kazakhstan citizen. (brother-in-law)

Testimony 11: Rights Protection Network (维权网), as reported by Radio Free Asia Mandarin.

About the victim

Nurzhaqyp Auelbek worked as an imam at the Dongmali (Dong Mehelle) Mosque in Mongolkure County, and was also a member of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress in Mongolkure.

Address: 48 Sulysai Street, Aqdala Township, Mongolkure County (昭苏县阿克达拉乡苏鲁塞路48号).

Victim's location

Gaoquan Prison (高泉监狱) in Wusu.

When victim was detained

Nurzhaqyp was first detained on August 4, 2017 according to the majority of testimonies. His father-in-law states that he was first sent to a re-education camp and was later sentenced to prison.

In 2020, it was reported by the Rights Protection Network that he had formally been sentenced to 25 years on March 4, 2020.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

---

Victim's status

Serving a prison sentence.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Not stated.

Additional information

Tileutai Orazali and Quanysh, imams who worked at the same mosque as the victim, were also arrested.

According to the victim's aunt, Nurzhaqyp's father, Auelbek Alimzhan, and mother, Gulsharuan Qalen, have both developed heart problems after their son's detention.

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shaoshuminzu/ql1-09092019064214.html https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/Xinwen/3-06102020113656.html

This victim is included in the lists of detained individuals in Mongolkure County, provided to Qazaq Uni by Lazzat Belqozha (https://qazaquni.kz/2018/09/28/90575.html) and also available at: https://shahit.biz/supp/list_005.pdf https://shahit.biz/supp/list_006.pdf

Victims among relatives

Fatima Bekinur (274), Nurbaqyt Auelbek (4117), Abdulla Nurzhaqyp (8969), Kausar Nurzhaqyp (8970), Nazigul Zholaman (2839), Auelbek Sasyq (4116)

Supplementary materials

Testimony 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGwU5STne8U Testimony 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ydJbeEDN_c Testimony 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ameBI78WYBQ Testimony 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Av0OXB4E6g0 Testimony 7: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DCAxNaLI8uM Testimony 8: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHhcibQ-DeY Testimony 9: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NDRGJkv2oQ Testimony 10: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jXZL_E4BodM Chinese ID: https://shahit.biz/supp/273_6.png Entry created: 2018-10-30 Last updated: 2021-03-05 Latest status update: 2020-09-29 275. Abdurahman Ebey (阿不都热合曼·艾白)

Chinese ID: 650102195303054578 (Urumqi)

Basic info

Age: 67 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyg-Kaz Likely current location: Urumqi Status: no news for over a year When problems started: July 2018 - Sep. 2018 Detention reason (suspected|official): related to religion|"separatism", "extremism", "terrorism" Health status: --- Profession: publishing

Testifying party

Testimony 1: Anonymous, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (relation unclear)

Testimony 2: Xinjiang Youth Publishing House staff, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur. (from same town/region)

Testimony 3: Ataqai Tusip, a citizen of Kazakhstan. (uncle)

Testimony 4: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway.

Testimony 5: Eqide Polat, a student in the United States. (great-niece)

Testimony 6: The "Shanghai List", as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 7: Urumqi police records, as reported by Yael Grauer.

About the victim

Abdurahman Ebey was born in Mongolia in 1953, to an Uyghur father named Ebeydulla and a Kazakh mother named Toqan Tusip. They came to Xinjiang in 1956.

Abdurahman had a 40-year career in writing and publishing in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, serving as director of the official Xinhua Bookstore, and from 2005-2015 as director and Communist Party deputy secretary of the Xinjiang People's Publishing House. In the Chinese media he had been portrayed as an “energetic publisher” who won national awards in the field every year from 2003 to 2013. Local websites said that Ebey left his position as director of Xinjiang People's Publishing House in January 2015, and was appointed as the manager of the History Research Office of the Xinjiang Autonomous Political Expansion Committee. He left that post in January 2017.

Address: Urumqi. Victim's location

[Presumably in Urumqi.]

When victim was detained

Abdurahman allegedly started to come under suspicion by the Chinese authorities at the beginning of 2015. He was later reported to have been arrested in July 2018.

(Police records note him going through at least three checks in October-November 2017, being deemed "completely normal" (一切正常), and allowed to move on (放行) each time.)

Likely (or given) reason for detention

For being "implicated in separatism and religious extremism activities" while he was working at the Xinjiang People's Publishing House, according to a staff member at the Xinjiang Youth Publishing House.

The victim's uncle, Ataqai, says that he was detained for translating the Quran and running a publishing house.

The "Shanghai List", a leaked police document, reported him as a "terrorist suspect" [though it is not clear what this really entailed].

Victim's status

Believed to be detained.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The staff member at the Xinjiang Youth Publishing House where the victim used to work is a primary source close to the case, and presumably has more direct knowledge of the matter.

Additional information

Radio Free Asia coverage: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/abey-arrest-10152018172356.html https://www.rfa.org/uyghur/xewerler/kishilik-hoquq/abduraxman-ebey-tutuqlandi-10132018002342.html https://www.rfa.org/english/news/special/shanghai-list/

This victim is included in the list of prominent detained Uyghurs, available at: shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

An article on the WeChat account of the Xinjiang People's Publishing House mentions learning from Abdurahman Ebey's "mistakes" (以阿不都热合曼·艾白为镜鉴): https://archive.vn/WAcCG

Abdurahman Ebey's article about Uyghurs in Mongolia (his own family included): https://www.akademiye.org/ug/?p=6664

His Baidu Baike: http://archive.is/I2iXe The victim's Party-line article on ethnic unity: http://archive.is/vL8qv

Publishing-related article that he wrote: http://archive.is/rEYd8

Various articles mentioning him: http://archive.is/fq2kD http://archive.is/ujf5B http://archive.is/Bi956 http://archive.is/yx9T6

An article where he is quoted speaking against terrorist incidents in Kashgar: http://archive.is/VZ83f

A 2011 award list in which he is included: http://archive.is/D27Ex

Listed as one of the resignees from the 2017 Eleventh XUAR CPPCC Committee: http://archive.is/AS1Bv

Listed as being removed from his post as deputy secretary and director of the People's Publishing House in 2015: http://archive.is/LhSfl

Listed as being a member of a writers association: http://archive.is/VvspA

State-media report(s)

Source: https://archive.vn/WAcCG

Working Committee | Xinjiang People’s General Publishing House diligently launches campaigns to promote special lectures given by Party members, leaders, and officials on the Party’s political developments

Xinjiang People’s General Publishing House 2018-10-11

Source: Tianshan Pioneer

As the front line and major battlefield in the fight against ideological secession, the Xinjiang People’s General Publishing House must focus on its main goal of winning the battle and creating a firm-as-steel ideological frontline that reassures the Party and satisfies the people, playing a crucial part in fully promoting the Party’s political constructs, taking political responsibilities as the Party Committee, exerting the political functions of grassroots organizations, and creating an excellent political ecology for the Party Committee. The head office Party Committee thus attaches great importance to implementing classes that fully promote the Party’s spirit of political developments among the district authorities. Led by Party officials with the theme of Party political constructs, and combined with the practical reality of the Xinjiang People’s Publishing House, these classes define the Party Committee’s practice of “Two Protections” and bring into play the “Two Roles”. They fully promote the focus of the Party's political construction work.

First, video conferences are led by the Secretaries of the Party Committee to provide full coverage. Members of the Party go to different base work units to give lectures, secretaries of various levels of Party organizations live a “dual life” at various local organizations to give lectures there, and members of the grassroots Party organizations go to various villages, including those that are rural and poverty-stricken, to "Visit the People, Benefit the People, and Bring Together the Hearts of the People” and promote “Connections between Party and Local Units, Strengthening the Efforts on Diminishing Poverty” at support education sites in southern Xinjiang. The “Xinjiang People’s General Publishing House” WeChat is used to assist in deeper learning. Agents from the Party Committee and Discipline Inspection monitor the progress and promotion of the Party classes to make sure Party members and officials realize the action plan for the education of the Party’s political developments. The content of these lectures is closely related to the Party’s political constructs, combined with the Party Committee’s socialist ideologies and unique working environment, and putting forth the “Four Focuses on Making Clear” the importance of strengthening the Party’s political construction, the specific requirements of implementing the “Two Protections”, the specific requirements for bringing into play the "Two Roles" of the grassroots Party organizations and Party members, and the significant role that the Party’s political constructs play in creating a firm-as-steel ideological frontline in publications, ensuring that the lectures themed around the “Party’s political constructs” are closely integrated with reality, can get good results, and achieve full coverage.

Second, classes where Party members and officials talk about the Party’s political constructs are taken as a starting point and combined with inspection and ratification work to diligently analyze the shortcomings of the political constructs of the Party, establishing the “Implementation Measures of the Party Committee of Xinjiang People’s General Publishing House on Comprehensively Promoting the Party’s Political Constructs”, putting forth the reinforcement of the Party’s political constructs, implementing the “Two Protections” and bringing into play the “Two Roles”, which require focusing on the “Four Hard Works”: working hard to reinforce ideologies and “arm the mind”, working hard to focus on the center and serve the greater cause, working hard to strengthen Party building responsibilities and team building, and working hard on strict discipline and management of the Party. The Party’s political constructs thereby have content, criteria, standards, goals, and focus, and guidance to become ever more clear and concrete.

Third, classes where Party members and officials talk about the Party’s political constructs are taken as a starting point and focus on fully implementing the “Party Committee’s Opinions on the Implementation of the Work Responsibility System in the Ideological Field” and the “Party Committee Monitoring the Responsibility System for Ideological Work and Implementing the Assessment and Accountability Methods for Strengthening the Construction of the Publishing Field”, as content in specialized Party classes. Classic cases are used as examples to carry out cautionary education – notably, learning from Abdurahman Ebey’s errors – combined with the learning and testing of the newly amended “Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Measures”, to promote all Party members in the head publishing system, especially publishing professionals, to always recognize the important position and role of the Party's publishing work in the ideological field, to always recognize the Party’s principle of adhering to the policy of politicians, to always adhere to the people-centered work orientation, and to always declare a firm political stance and strengthen political responsibilities. [Party members are taught] how to continuously enhance their political acuities and discernments, and how to become the loyal guards for the Party’s publishing industry, who are dedicated to securing the Party’s ideologies and who resolutely resist the infiltration and influence of the "Three Evil Forces" and the “Two Pan” reactionary thoughts, [with encouragement to] implement their clear political stance in every position, every task, every topic, and every publishing process, and to take the work of political construction to wherever their business extends, so that they can realize the political constructs and the Party's various tasks, as well as the deployment and implementation of their business, all at the same time.

Fourth, classes where Party members and officials talk about the Party’s political constructs are taken as a starting point to promote publication work as a powerful safeguard for ideologies and public opinions in the Party’s political constructs, to study and comprehend the “Nine Persistences” put forward in General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech at the National Propaganda and Ideological Work Conference, consciously shouldering the flag and taking responsibility in uniting people’s hearts, educating newcomers, developing cultures, and becoming role models, taking the Party’s political constructs as the main command, focusing on the main goal of our work in Xinjiang, highlighting published works centered around the themes of centralization and serving the greater good, highlighting Xi Jinping’s new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and disseminating the popular theories of Party building, highlighting socialist core values and the propaganda and guidance on the "five identities" and the "three inseparables”, highlighting the philosophical and social science theories with Chinese characteristics and the promotion of Xinjiang’s "Four Histories”, improving the Party publication’s communication, guidance, influence, and credibility, promoting the creative transformations and innovative developments of the traditional culture of China with high-quality publishing, telling the story of China and Xinjiang well, putting effort into making positive contributions in pushing forward the prosperity of socialist culture, ensuring that the socialist cultural undertakings with Chinese characteristics in the new era advance in the correct political direction, echoing the Party's rightful opinions and letting them become the strongest voice of this era, promoting people of all ethnic groups uniting closely in their ideals, beliefs, values, and morals, making greater contributions to serving the Party and the country, becoming a better embodiment of confidence, to unite people’s hearts, warm people’s hearts, and build unity in the community, making sure that the head office always remains the publishing bastion of firm-as-steel ideologies that the Party and the people can trust, rely on, and use, and ensuring that the Party Central Committee’s strategy of governing Xinjiang – especially the general goal of social stability and long-term stability – take root.

Supplementary materials

Testimony 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVNJDg5m0Gk recognition tweet: https://twitter.com/UyghurScientist/status/1095476554161745920?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw Testimony 5: https://twitter.com/akida_p/status/1363257548032204801?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw interview in local paper: https://shahit.biz/supp/275_3.pdf photo (left): https://shahit.biz/supp/275_4.jpg article commemorating his work: https://shahit.biz/supp/275_5.pdf

Entry created: 2018-10-31 Last updated: 2021-07-01 Latest status update: 2021-02-21 332. Sattar Sawut (沙塔尔·沙吾提)

Chinese ID: 652123194811????O? (Toksun)

Basic info

Age: 70 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: --- Status: sentenced (life) When problems started: Jan. 2017 - Mar. 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): "separatism"|"breach of Party discipline", "separatism", "taking bribes" Health status: --- Profession: government

Testifying party

Testimony 1|2: Anonymous letter, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 3: Local government employee, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 4: Local police, as reported by Radio Free Asia Uyghur.

Testimony 5: Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the highest internal control institution of the Chinese Communist Party.

Testimony 6: Supreme People's Procuratorate, the highest national level agency responsible for both prosecution and investigation in the People's Republic of China.

Testimony 7: Anonymous, as reported by Ilshat Hassan. (relation unclear)

Testimony 8: CGTN, an international English-language news channel based in Beijing and owned by China Central Television.

About the victim

Sattar Sawut was the former director of the Xinjiang Education Department (新疆教育厅厅长) and the deputy secretary of the Xinjiang Education and Work Committee.

Victim's location

[Unclear, as sentenced.]

When victim was detained

On February 9, 2017, there was a formal announcement from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that the victim, among others, was being investigated for a "serious breach of (Party) discipline". On May 31, 2017, the Supreme People's Procuratorate relayed an announcement by the procuratorate in Xinjiang that the victim was now being prosecuted, with legal coercive measures taken, on suspicion of accepting bribes.

In 2018, Radio Free Asia received reports of a political-education film, shown to cadres and others in Xinjiang, that featured Sattar and many other prominent figures ("The Plot Inside the Textbooks"). According to multiple sources who had seen the film, Sattar was said to have been sentenced to death with a 2-year reprieve, on what were essentially charges of separatism.

On March 13, 2019, activist Ilshat Hassan announced that he had heard from a "reliable source" that Sattar had died in detention (this has not been confirmed, however). [That he appeared in a propaganda film released in 2021 suggests that news of his death is likely false, though one cannot rule out the possibility that older footage was used in the film.]

Likely (or given) reason for detention

According to those who saw the political film he was featured in, the main accusation against him was that of separatism.

Officially, his initial detention was on suspicion of "violating Party discipline", with the subsequent prosecution on suspicion of "accepting bribes".

Sattar Sawut appears in a CGTN propaganda film, released in April 2021, to essentially "confess" to abusing his position to spread "ethnic chauvinist sentiments and extremist errors", in an attempt to "control" the minds of Uyghurs and "influence them in childhood in order to turn them into separatists". In 2003, when he was head of the Xinjiang Basic Education Curriculum Reform Group, new Uyghur-language textbooks were "scheduled to be compiled for primary and middle schools". He says that he saw an opportunity at that time, and assigned Alimjan Memetimin {8766} and Abdurazaq Sayim {363} to the project. He says that he held "several meetings with them and instructed them about compiling the textbooks". He adds that "many participants in the July 5 incident and following terrorist attacks had used our textbooks".

Victim's status

Serving a life sentence.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

The people that Radio Free Asia spoke to appear to have gotten their information from the political film featuring Sattar Sawut, as this was mandatory viewing for many government workers and others across the region.

The announcements regarding his investigation and prosecution come from official government bodies.

It is not clear how the "reliable sources" cited by Hassan obtained the information.

CGTN put the victim on camera for its propaganda film.

Additional information

His case has been covered in: https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/intellectuals-jailed-10102018172605.html https://asialyst.com/fr/2018/10/19/chine-elite-ouighoure-decapitee-xinjiang/ https://bitterwinter.org/ethnic-uyghur-officials-persecuted/ https://www.ft.com/content/48508182-d426-11e9-8367-807ebd53ab77

His Baidu Baike: https://archive.vn/IvJan

His Chinese Wikipedia: https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/沙塔尔·沙吾提

Additional info (in Uyghur): http://uyghurvictims.org/index.php?title=Sattar_Sawut

State-media report(s)

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqlzunwilGM

Almira Muhter: "It was terrifying."

Kadir Memet: "Not an isolated attack."

Reporter: "Not a lone-wolf?"

Kadir Memet: "No."

Adil (Police Officer): "They're in the shadows."

Reporter: "The recruits?"

Abduweli (Xinjiang Internet Information Office): "Young people."

Abdul Tursuntohti: "I'm proud of my deeds."

Kadir Memet: "If we didn't, Urumqi would be..."

Shirzat Bawudun: "I'm a 'two-faced' man."

Murat Sheripjan: "Get rid of the 'two-faced'."

Bai Fengjie (Prison Instructor): "Get them on the right track."

Dilnur Eziz: "I've grown up."

Kadir Memet: "The cost is high."

[Identity unclear]: "A battle without smoke."

=== The War in the Shadows.

A CGTN Production 2021. ======WARNING

The following documentary contains scenes that some viewers may find disturbing. Some footage is released to the public for the first time. Viewer discretion is advised. The terrorist attacks in the documentary are only a small part of the archives.

All interviewees have given permission to use their images. At the request of certain counter-terrorism organizations, the identity of some interviewees has been obscured for security reasons. ===

=== Part One The Networks ===

=== Urumqi ===

Yang Shaoheng (Victim's Family Member): "You see this little courtyard. My father-in-law was always working here... You can see all the tomatoes and peppers he planted."

Reporter: "He really loved life."

Yang Shaoheng: "Yes, he really loved life."

Reporter: "Did he spend a lot of time here every day?"

Yang Shaoheng: "Yes, every day, the whole morning, working in the garden."

Yang Shaoheng: "Whenever I enter the courtyard, I think of him. He left on the morning of May 22nd and never came back..."

[On-screen]: "May 22, 2014, Urumqi. 39 civilians killed, 94 injured."

Yang Shaoheng: "His face was unrecognizable."

Yang Shaoheng: "We'd been together for so long, but I couldn't recognize him."

Narrator: "Police officer 'Adil' says whenever he thinks of the victims, it's hard to take."

[On-screen]: "North Park Street, Urumqi"

Narrator: "This incident keeps torturing him."

Adil (Police Officer): "There were fire engines, ambulances and SWAT teams... Many people were lying on the ground. Smoke was rising from two SUVs."

Yang Shaoheng: "There was a morning market on the street, with fresh produce at reasonable prices." Adil: "I questioned the main suspect. He said they had surveyed the area many times. They thought more deaths guaranteed entering Paradise."

Kadir Memet (Fmr. Deputy Chief, Urumqi Public Security Bureau): "Two off-road vehicles had exploded. Four of the bodies we confirmed to be the suspects."

Kadir Memet: "Look at the aftermath. 39 people died, and over 90 were wounded. It was still very dangerous. There might be a second explosion. Once I arrived, I sensed it must be a terrorist attack."

Reporter: "So it wasn't a lone wolf attack?"

Kadir Memet: "No. Because there were many explosives, one or two persons couldn't have built them. After the Urumqi attack, they had planned something similar in Hotan's Pishan county."

Reporter: "Where did they get the materials?"

Kadir Memet: "They bought potassium permanganate and other chemicals on the internet and produced them. They learned on the internet.”

Reporter: "Was there other evidence?"

Kadir Memet: "Yes, his cellphone. He used a chat app to contact terrorist groups outside China and to download videos. The flags were also taken from Hotan. They hung the flags on top of the vehicles beforehand."

Reporter: "What did this mean?"

Kadir Memet: "It's a statement of their 'jihad'. It was a suicide mission."

---

Reporter: "What stands out in your memory?"

Yang Shaoheng: "They are also human beings, those terrorists. Well... I don't know what they were thinking, either. Didn't they have parents and children at home? How could they be so brutal?"

---

Adil (Police Officer): "We soon caught the main suspect, about six or seven hours later."

Kadir Memet: "After the interrogation, we had a clear picture of the case. The terrorist group headed by Abliz orchestrated the incident."

Adil: "He was so resistant. We explained the state's policies and laws, he just wouldn't listen. I tried to explain it from a religious perspective. He just sat there and looked at me. 'If there had been someone who explained to me about Islam and the Quran like you, I wouldn't have taken part in the terrorist attack'."

Kadir Memet: "They are also victims. Why? Their minds were poisoned by the 'Three Evil Forces'. None of the masterminds committed suicide. They just took control of their minds and instructed them to (undertake suicide attacks) like a death squad. The significance was that it prevented similar incidents from happening."

Narrator: "Kadir Memet is a highly respected veteran of the Public Security Bureau of Urumqi. He has solved numerous cases. He figured out the attacks were part of a region-wide network."

Kadir Memet: "We've come to see the pattern that so many cases of violent terrorism were not isolated. They had unified command and planning. And they had very specific targets."

[On-screen]: "June 21, 2014, Yecheng County. 13 terrorists killed, 3 policemen injured."

Narrator: "Years of investigation have shown Kadir Memet the big picture."

[On-screen]: "February 25, 1997, Urumqi. 9 civilians killed, 68 injured."

Narrator: "He says the terrorists are working in the shadows, forming a vast network."

[On-screen]: "April 30, 2014. 3 killed, 79 injured."

Narrator: "His job is to bring them to light. Extremism ruins lives. Young people are radicalized in various ways."

Almira Muhter: "At first it didn't leave much of an impression on me. There're instructions like 'Only satisfying your mother's wishes ensures a place in Paradise'... Then it gradually moved to 'jihad', martyring oneself to enter Paradise. It was terrifying."

Muhter Kadir (Father of Almira): "She was a very hardworking student, first in her school."

Almira Muhter: "I came to believe the teachings, such as women should stay at home. Then I figured that continued education in college would be the wrong direction, and that I should give up. So I refused to go to college."

Muhter Kadir: "I was so angry. The extremist ideas ruined her."

Almira Muhter: "Back then I longed to live in another country and thought about moving there for the 'jihad'."

Narrator: "In 2012, Almira Muhter was convicted of inciting 'jihad' and extremism online, and other crimes. She was sentenced to 10 years."

Bai Fengjie (Prison Instructor): "She thought she was correct. She was eager to sacrifice her youth to the so-called 'jihad'."

Almira Muhter: "I thought I was doing the right thing and it didn't count as breaking the law. I'd considered the consequences, but I thought my goal was to wage 'jihad' and I must carry it to the very end. After I entered prison, I was still influenced by such ideas. So I committed more crimes."

Narrator: "In 2018, Almira was convicted of conspiracy to commit murder and arson in the prison. Her sentence was extended to 2035. Radicalized individuals can be a hard case. Abdul Tursuntohti is serving 9 years for inciting terrorism and other crimes."

Reporter: "Do you still believe you've done nothing wrong or illegal?" Abdul Tursuntohti: "I committed no crime, I'm proud of what I did."

Reporter: "You're willing to kill for Allah?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "If Allah orders, I will even kill my son, to say nothing of infidels."

Reporter: "What is your biggest wish?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "To do Allah's bidding, of course, and enter Paradise to fulfill myself."

Reporter: "What's Paradise like?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "Paradise is a beautiful garden, broader than Heaven and Earth. There are 72 houris for the faithful. There're divine delicacies mortals have never seen, never really appreciated and never heard of. There're double the amount of rewards ever imagined by humans. And it's eternal."

Reporter: "If Paradise is so great, why not go there now?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "The days in prison are the highest test Allah has given me. And it's the best life Allah has given me."

Reporter: "You don't think you're being deceived?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "Rather than regret, I'd leap into fire and burn to death."

Reporter: "Will you change your mind some day?"

Abdul Tursuntohti: "When I wake up each morning, I pray 100 times to Allah that I will never change."

=== Urumqi ===

Narrator: "Dilnur Guanfengbao is a police officer. She is also a prison psychological consultant. She says she studies why some young people become easy targets for extremists, and how to bring them back to normal."

Dilnur Guanfengbao (Psychologist): "We find some of the convicts are very obstinate. They fit the anti-social personality profile. It's hard for them to change... Their minds are like alkaline soil, hardened alkaline soil. You can't grow anything there. This group of people craves help but pushes you away at the same time. Their religious fervor pursuit is a psychological distortion. So during the counseling, we keep them company to find the reasons. I will keep bringing him back to reality. He might insist what he's been pursuing was what he needed. We aim to offer them a link. So the counselors offer warmth, which will be internalized. They would learn for the first time that 'I've actually never known myself'."

Reporter: "What are we doing to prevent recidivism?"

Dilnur Guanfengbao: "After he returns to society, his family has to re-understand him and accept him as someone new. Society might have to provide him all kinds of opportunities, in terms of employment, education, and skill training. Our efforts in prison are far from enough for them." ---

Almira Muhter: "Now I truly realize that I had really been an ignorant fool."

Bai Fengjie (Prison Instructor): "I keep having heart-to-heart talks with her. I try to approach it in terms of feelings and understanding of the law."

Almira Muhter: "I used to think that law was a word far removed from our life."

Bai Fengjie: "I hope even more they will truly transform on the inside."

Almira Muhter: "The Paradise I used to yearn for is a fiction. It's a cancer."

Bai Fengjie: "I think it's necessary to crack down on the dissemination of such misleading information."

Almira Muhter: "I think I failed my mother the most. She had such great expectations of me. I just want to be a good daughter."

Bai Fengjie: "I'm a police officer. But I'm more like a teacher. I want to help these straying children, these students, back on the right track. We shouldn't be afraid that one or two heart-to-heart talks have no effects. We mustn't give up on them. We have to believe they will eventually change."

---

Bai Fengjie: "How's your health recently?"

Almira Muhter: "Really good."

Bai Fengjie: "Did you make the video call?"

Almira Muhter: "Dad was busy. Mom and my brother came. They are both well.

Bai Fengjie: “Keep your confidence up."

Almira Muhter: "Thank you, instructor."

---

Kadir Memet: "Urumqi is the political, economic and cultural center of the autonomous region. The enemy aims their destruction at Urumqi."

Narrator: "Some of the cases have never been made public before."

Kadir Memet: "This is the foiled December 11 terror plot in 2014. They had planned explosions and knife attacks around Urumqi. If it hadn't been stopped, Urumqi could've been... This is a violent terrorist group. It was controlled by a family. Two daughters joined. The father was the leader. Both sons-in-law were part of it. They recruited a dozen more people. They were going to convert a gas cylinder into a bomb. They were going to drive the car into a shopping center."

Reporter: "What is the priority of the crackdown?" Kadir Memet: "Foiling their plans would be..."

Adil (Police Officer): "This is the most difficult."

Reporter: "We've paid such a high price."

Adil: "The biggest challenge is that they're hidden in the dark. They can see our operations. But we can't see their plans. If we go soft, there might be more deaths and suffering."

[On-screen]: "April 23, 2013, Seriqbuya. 15 police officers & community staff killed."

Adil: "So this is a lesson learned from blood."

[On-screen]: "2020 Counter-terrorism Drills. Urumqi Public Security Bureau"

[Footage of counter-terrorism drills plays.]

Kadir Memet: "Urumqi is such a beautiful place. Solidarity and prosperity, that's an Urumqi I'd like to see."

=== Part Two The Enemies Within ===

=== Hotan ===

Narrator: "Hotan was one of the hardest hit by terrorism in Xinjiang. Murat Sheripjan showed us the weaponry seized. He said many young people had been brainwashed. Insiders, dubbed the 'two-faced persons', were able to exploit the system."

Murat Sheripjan (Deputy Director, Hotan Public Security Department): "The infiltration of extremism had taken root. Also, some 'two-faced people' among us were secretly collaborating with them and facilitating their activities. This presentation lists a number of 'two-faced people' once occupying our key positions. A case in point is Shirzat Bawudun. He had been long hidden buried deep in our system as a 'two-faced person'. He created many obstacles in our work. He used to be one of us, and he protected many separatist forces. He finally became an agent for ethnic separatists and terrorists from outside China. He helped them expand their influence."

Shirzat Bawudun (Fmr. Deputy Secretary, Political & Legal Committee, Xinjiang): "All this now feels like a nightmare. It's like a bottomless pit, in which I kept sinking."

=== Shirzat Bawudun Fmr. Director, Public Security Bureau, Moyu County Fmr. Director, United Front Work Department, Urumqi Fmr. Director General, Department of Justice, Xinjiang Fmr. Deputy Secretary, Political & Legal Committee, Xinjiang ===

Narrator: "Shirzat Bawudun became a teacher at the Xinjiang Police College in Urumqi after graduating in 1988. But he applied to return to his hometown in Hotan. Even then he had certain ambitions."

Shirzat Bawudun: "Veteran separatists vigorously promoted their ethnic separatism and religious extremism, which began to spread and take hold. So I decided to go back and see what I could use to do something big."

Narrator: "During a crackdown on terrorists, Shirzat Bawudun was wounded and commended as a 'Counter-terrorism Hero'. For this, in 2001 he became the head of the Moyu County Public Security."

Shirzat Bawudun: "Then I got the position and the power. I had long considered the so-called dream of a country of our own. So I began to get in touch with prominent figures in religious extremism."

Narrator: "Shirzat Bawudun chose Ablajan Bakri."

[On-screen diagram: A photograph of Shirzat Bawudun is shown connected to a photograph of Ablajan Bakri. The word "Egypt" is displayed below the diagram.]

=== Ablajan Bakri Fmr. Imam, Moyu Mosque Fmr. President, Islamic Association, Moyu County Fmr. CPPCC Member, Xinjiang Fmr. Member, China Islamic Association ===

Shirzat Bawudun: "His words and theories all contained religious extremism. I knew many things about it."

Ablajan Bakri: [sic] "I was promoted to the Iman of the Grand Mosque in 2005. At the same time, people started to gossip behind my back. As the Moyu county chief, Shirzat Bawudun used all means to suppress those people to remove the negative comments about me."

Shirzat Bawudun: "I regarded him as an instrument to draw believers to our cause."

Memet Memetimin (Imam, Moyu Mosque): "Ablajan Bakri was the mosque's imam. He used the religious platform to promote extremism. To achieve his own ends, he was distorting the teachings of Islam. I remember when I was small, religious extremism in Moyu was very deep. They said dancing was not allowed; weeping was not allowed at funerals. They even forbade living in government-built housing and using IDs and RMB. Some of the preachers had their own motives. They had parents send their kids to underground madrasas to be indoctrinated. Many young people strayed and became criminals."

Murat Sheripjan: "That kind of fallacy confuses them and drives them to engage in terrorist activities."

Ablajan Bakri: "I believe Shirzat Bawudun had a role in this change."

[On-screen diagram: The photos of Shirzat Bawudun and Ablajan Bakri are connected to a silhouette representing Tayir Abbas. The word "Egypt" is displayed below the diagram.] Narrator: "In 2003, Ablajan Bakri introduced Shirzat Bawudun to Tayir Abbas, a key member of the East Turkistan Islamic Movement, or ETIM."

=== Tayir Abbas East Turkistan Islamic Movement (Islamic Party of Turkistan) ===

Narrator: "It's been listed as a terrorist organization by the UN since 2002."

=== United Nations Security Council Since 2002, the ETIM has been listed as a terrorist organization by the UN. In 2004, the ETIM changed its name to the Islamic Party of Turkistan, or TIP. ===

Narrator: "In 2004, the ETIM changed its name to the Islamic Party of Turkistan, or TIP."

Shirzat Bawudun: "He said he mainly worked in tourism over there. And he was in touch with an ETIM (TIP) Egypt branch. I was thinking of Uygurs having a country of our own. I was muddle-headed and stupid."

Narrator: "Connecting with the ETIM (TIP), Shirzat Bawudun took action."

Shirzat Bawudun: "To accomplish anything, you need an economic base."

[On-screen diagram: The photo of Shirzat Bawudun is connected to Ablimit Ababakri and Abduehet Ababakri.]

Shirzat Bawudun: "So I thought about the Ablimit family and recruited the two brothers."

=== Ablimit Ababakri ETIM (TIP) Member ===

=== Abduehet Ababakri ETIM (TIP) Member ===

Abduehet Ababakri: "Shirzat Bawudun told my elder brother he was born in Moyu county. He urged us to invest here. He asked us whether we had any projects needing his support and help."

Ablimit Ababakri: "Now I realized that while he seemed to push us to do business in Moyu, he actually had some other motive, which we weren't aware of."

Narrator: "With the help of Shirzat Bawudun, the two brothers soon made money and their business began to thrive." Ablimit Ababakri: "Of the four companies with which he had financial connections, these three -- real estate, road transport and gas stations, in each firm, Shirzat had a half-million shares. All did good business and paid dividends every year. He could draw funds as needed. That's how it was for a long time."

Narrator: "In 2011, Shirzat Bawudun was appointed Director of the United Front Work Department of Urumqi. Police say he secretly supported the spread of extremism. The same year, he encouraged the brothers to go to Egypt and meet with Tayir Abbas."

[On-screen diagram: A photo of Shirzat Bawudun is linked to photos of Ablajan Bakri, Ablimit Ababakri and Abduehet Ababakri. The latter three photos are linked to a silhouette representing Tayir Abbas, next to which the word "Egypt" is displayed.]

Ablimit Ababakri: "In September 2012, my brother told me his wife had a baby there and asked me to come over. Nearly 30 people were there, including Tayir Abbas. One of them said, 'Let us work for Xinjiang's independence, for founding the Islamic Caliphate.' While talking with Abduehet, I found he was on good terms with some members of the group. They were key members of the ETIM (TIP). He wanted to join their organization. I said Tayir Abbas knew Shirzat Bawudun, who knew about the organization. After all, he was a police officer, we should ask Shirzat Bawudun when we got back."

Shirzat Bawudun: [sic] "From what they said, I thought they had found the right people or that organization."

Ablimit Ababakri: "Shirzat said, 'That's right. You should join the organization.'"

Shirzat Bawudun: "They had given more than 10 million yuan (US$1.4 million) to the ETIM (TIP) people."

Ablimit Ababakri: "Then Shirzat asked how much his half-million shares in the transport firm were worth. I said the shares plus dividends were worth some 1.2 million yuan. He said, 'You give all 1.2 million to Tayir Abbas and the ETIM (TIP) people as operation funding.'"

Shirzat Bawudun: "The two brothers told me they bought a 200-square-meter apartment for me in Cairo. I said I couldn't go and had to wait until I retired, and Tayir Abbas and his people could use it for the time being."

Ablimit Ababakri: "After saying this, he stressed three times, 'What I told you must not be told to a second person and must be kept secret."

Abduehet Ababakri: "They had to do the ETIM (TIP) 'jihad' training. The aim was to turn these trainees into future successors of the ETIM (TIP)."

Narrator: "Police investigation shows that over 60 Uygur teenagers aged 14-18, have been sent overseas by the two brothers - Ablimit and Abduehet." [On-screen: "Some joined ISIL"]

Narrator: "Some of them have joined the so-called Islamic State group, some have come back to Xinjiang."

[On-screen: "Some came back to Xinjiang"]

Ablimit Ababakri: "They said once Xinjiang was liberated, Shirzat would become the national leader of East Turkistan."

Shirzat Bawudun: "They appointed me the leader of ETIM (TIP) in Xinjiang and after nationhood, I'd be the leader. I was so excited and happy. I was muddle-headed."

Ablimit Ababakri: [sic] "He told us, 'When you work outside China, in China you must keep a low profile and work secretly. Don't draw the attention of public security and learn to be patient. You should wait for the chance.'"

Narrator: "Police say in 2015, during an official visit overseas, Shirzat Bawudun secretly met with key members of the ETIM (TIP) twice. He revealed anti-terrorism information in Xinjiang. And Shirzat Bawudun had his own strategy."

Shirzat Bawudun: "So I only rooted out those units already exposed and left alone those only suspected and being groomed. On the one hand, once they were ready, I'd have targets to strike. On the other hand, I could protect some of them. So the result was repeated strikes which just missed, and the ashes could burn again. After the strike, it's like chive roots. Prune the stalks and leaves, and fresh sprouts grow."

Murat Sheripjan: "Such arrangements gave terrorists an advantage. While we struggled to discover, the terrorists already knew. There was one of their own in our ranks. That's why they could act so boldly."

Ablajan Bakri: "Now I realize that Shirzat Bawudun had been using me all along. He was trying to use me as a front in Moyu to control the local clergy."

Ablimit Ababakri: "We were in a trap. We didn't clearly see Shirzat's true intentions. I should have seen through him earlier, but I didn't, and I didn't have the guts to do it."

Shirzat Bawudun: "I believe I kept it rather clandestine and well concealed. It's not easy to see through these. But one must wake from a dream."

=== Shirzat Bawudun Two-year Suspended Death Sentence Deprived of Political Rights for Life ===

Murat Sheripjan: "We have to first remove the 'two-faced persons' in our ranks. Otherwise, we can never remove the soil for terrorism."

Narrator: "Murat Sheripjan says even the term 'two-faced' doesn't properly describe such persons. They are the enemy, the enemy in the shadows." === Part Three The Textbooks ===

=== Urumqi ===

Narrator: "In 2016, there were reports of errors in the 2003 and 2009 editions of the Uygur-language textbooks for primary and middle schools. An investigation followed. Shehide Yusup, who worked on these textbooks, showed us the problems."

Shehide Yusup (Art Editor, Xinjiang Education Publishing House): "These are textbooks published by our company. They contain many errors. I worked on the 2003 editions of the primary school textbooks, mainly in cover design and illustration coloring. Take this graphic for example. The national emblem is that of East Turkistan. It shouldn't appear in textbooks at all. This is the legend of seven heroic Uygur girls. It's all fabricated. Han Chinese soldiers trapped them at a cliff and they jumped to their death to defend their homeland. It's meant to incite ethnic hatred and it will misinform the students."

Shehide Yusup: "That's unimaginable. The mere thought of this would scare me."

=== Sattar Sawut Fmr. Deputy Secretary, Education & Work Committee, Xinjiang Fmr. Director General, Education Department, Xinjiang Fmr. Leader, Basic Education Curriculum Reform Group, Xinjiang ===

Narrator: "An investigation shows that starting in 2002, the then Director General of the Xinjiang Education Department, Sattar Sawut, set up a special group, as a front for criminal activities."

[On-screen diagram: A photograph of Sattar Sawut is shown connected to photographs of Alimjan Memtimin, Abdurazaq Sayim and Tahir Nasir. The latter two are connected to photos of Yalqun Rozi and Wahitjan Osman.]

Narrator: "It included the Deputy Director General of the Education Department, the two consecutive presidents of the Xinjiang Education Publishing House, as well as two editors with radical separatist thoughts."

Sattar Sawut: "The idea was to use the power given by the Party and the people to spread our ethnic chauvinist sentiments and extremist errors among more Uygurs. It was meant to control their minds, influence them in childhood in order to turn them into separatists. In 2003, new Uygur-language textbooks were scheduled to be compiled for primary and middle schools. I was head of the Xinjiang Basic Education Curriculum Reform Group. So I saw an opportunity. I assigned Alimjan Memtimin and Abdurazaq Sayim to the project."

[Photographs of Alimjan Memtimin, Abdurazaq Sayim and Tahir Nasir are displayed on-screen.]

Sattar Sawut: "I had several meetings with them and instructed them about compiling the textbooks." Abdurazaq Sayim (Fmr. President, Xinjiang Education Publishing House): "He said the textbooks were an excellent opportunity and it should proceed as we meant it to. It could help groom our 'successors'. So I picked Yalqun Rozi and Wahitjan Osman, who were quite persuasive, to join the committee. I instructed them to include more content on 'ethnic oppression' in the textbooks, mainly 'woeful tales' about the past. I asked them to add more Turkic heroes, especially those revolting against the state for independence."

[Photographs of Yalqun Rozi and Wahitjan Osman are displayed on-screen.]

Alimjan Memtimin (Fmr. Deputy Director General, Xinjiang Education Department): "Such textbooks would be approved and issued to all schools and allow many teachers to elaborate and incite ethnic hatred and such thoughts."

Narrator: "When Tahir Nasir succeeded Abdurazaq Sayim as president of the publishing house, he continued the editorial policy."

[Photographs of Abdurazaq Sayim and Tahir Nasir are displayed on-screen.]

Tahir Nasir (Fmr. President, Xinjiang Education Publishing House): "When Sattar and Alimjan approached me and proposed that the new textbooks should push religious extremism, my mind was excited and clear about the meaning."

Shehide Yusup: "The art director is supposed to handle all the visuals. But in making the 2003 and 2009 textbooks, the editors intervened quite a lot."

Suriya Mirhadam (Editor, Xinjiang Education Publishing House): "For the 2003 and 2009 textbooks, Wahitjan Osman and Yalqun Rozi were responsible for text content. They simultaneously served as text editors, publishing editors, and initial and final proofreaders. Exercising such authority violates publishing protocol. Their superiors arranged it. They put it into practice."

Narrator: "Police say Sattar Sawut acted unilaterally to determine textbook content. Yalqun Rozi and Wahitjan Osman were instructed to fabricate separatist material for the 2003 and 2009 textbooks."

Alimjan Memtimin: "The primary school Uygur textbooks are full of 'Pan-Islamism' and 'Pan-Turkism'. The historical figures in them were meant to encourage the kids to seek their cultural origins and roots from outside China."

Suriya Mirhadam: "The 2003 and 2009 textbooks contain a lot of gore, violence, terrorism and separatism. By distorting historical facts, they wanted to instill separatism in students and incite ethnic hatred, with the end of splitting the motherland."

Shehide Yusup: "As guidance for students, such textbooks would obscure and undermine their sense of national identity; also the students would be exposed to 'Pan-Islamism' and 'Pan-Turkism'."

Suriya Mirhadam: "Textbooks should include the national flag, emblem and anthem. But these textbooks had none."

Narrator: "Investigation found a large quantity of material inciting extremism was included in the textbooks. From 2004, these textbooks were used region-wide for 13 years."

Shehide Yusup: "They were using such textbooks from primary school through junior high. So the insidious effects must be enduring. Some might be led astray and even led to commit crimes."

Sattar Sawut: "Many participants in the July 5 Incident and following terrorist attacks had used our textbooks. I think we had ruined these children."

=== Atikem Rozi Born: April 1991 Four-year sentence ===

Atikem Rozi: "When I was in junior high school, I learned some things from the textbooks. I also got the idea of doing something, too."

Kadir Memet: "The 'Three Evil Forces' have been trying to infiltrate our ideological sectors such as education, culture and religion. They've never given up. The sustained increase in terrorism in recent years is closely linked to such efforts."

Narrator: "Kadir Memet says the greatest danger often comes from the enemy within."

Alimjan Memtimin: "I am a double-dealing 'two-faced man'."

=== Sattar Sawut Two-year Suspended Death Sentence Deprived of Political Rights for Life ===

=== Alimjan Memtimin Life Sentence ===

=== Abdurazaq Sayim Life Sentence ===

=== Tahir Nasir Life Sentence ===

Narrator: "The war in the shadows is being fought on many fronts. Kadir Memet says ideology is only one of the battlegrounds. Suriya Mirhadam was responsible for editing part of the new editions of the 2019 and 2020 textbooks."

Suriya Mirhadam: "This is Part One of the first grade's Uygur-language textbook. Here's the national emblem, and the national flag, and the statement 'We are Chinese'. Here is the flag-raising ceremony."

Narrator: "Suriya Mirhadam says the Kazak- and Kirgiz-language textbooks have the same content." Reporter: "What are we telling the students with these pictures?"

Suriya Mirhadam: "They should know that they are citizens of the People's Republic of China, that Xinjiang is an inalienable part of the motherland. The textbooks are meant to keep students from separatism and ensure they have a sound mind so they can serve their family, their society and their nation."

=== Part Four The Black Hands ===

Abduweli (Xinjiang Internet Information Office): "The internet is truly a battlefield without the smoke. I'm a special ops soldier. I identify and neutralize the threats, so youngsters won't be misled. I wipe the propaganda from the internet. I think our work is very meaningful. The violent ETIM (TIP) audios and videos have a domestic target, especially in Xinjiang, with specific purposes. The groups they try to recruit are mainly young people. Terrorist audios and videos are often well-concealed. They use special packaging, like encryption. And they use covert channels to transfer and share the content. Some are camouflaged, so to say. It looks like a regular video, but when it reaches a specific point, it will switch to terrorist content."

Abduweli: "For a time after 2008, about ten each year on average. Since 2012, there has been an increase, with 200 to 300 each year."

Mirzat (Police Officer): "The terrorist audios and videos actually serve as their initial approach. It resembles a pyramid scheme in a way. It tries to brainwash its audience repeatedly. If the brainwashing succeeds, people will join the violent terrorist activities. Such activities aim to cause maximal impact at minimal cost, that is, maximal destruction. That's their aim."

Narrator: "The fight against the criminal activities to spread radicalization materials has been going on for some 20 years. Police officer 'Mirzat' says nearly 90 percent of young people participating in terror attacks have watched such products. The main sources are from outside of China, mostly from the ETIM (TIP)."

Mirzat: "The terrorist content often wraps itself in religion and conceals its ulterior motive through such pretense. The observation and analysis in recent years indicate that the content has been produced by professional teams. They used to distribute the content at specific websites. But now they are using regular social media apps and point-to-point messaging apps. The storage devices are mostly hard disks. Other common devices are flash drives, storage cards, smartphones, tablets and so on."

Mirzat: "Here are the storage devices we seized in 2014 and 2015; they were all used to store terrorist audio and video."

Reporter: "Where did the content come from?"

Mirzat: "They were all downloaded from outside China." Mirzat: "These are some CD-ROMs. All the content promotes violent terrorism."

Narrator: "Young people have always been the key recruitment targets."

Abduweli Heber: "They showed us ETIM (TIP) members doing physical training and making explosive devices. They asked us to join the ETIM (TIP). And they urged us to learn the skills so that we could use them some day. That is, after returning to Xinjiang, we could carry out 'jihad' and 'hejiras'."

Narrator: "Dolqun Yalqun went abroad for an advanced degree. While there, he became involved with a terrorist organization, the ETIM (TIP). In 2019, Dolqun was sentenced to 7 years for inciting terrorism and other crimes."

Dolqun Yalqun: "My thinking was gradually eaten away. I began to regard people with no religious faith as infidels. I now think the ideological damage is even greater. The philosophical influence can be gradual and subtle. Once I was taken in by such religious extremism, the pursuit of my life goals shifted to those of religious faith. I began to seek self-fulfillment in this regard. I felt all I'd done was worthless."

Reporter: "How can you help them change?"

Dolqun Yalqun: "I can explain my current thinking to them, and this will inspire them to think for themselves. Through these lessons and examples, people can re-establish their hopes for a future life."

Narrator: "Girls were also recruited."

Dilnur Eziz: "They were all like me. At first it's just curiosity, and then only going to the Quran lectures. It was a steady trickle of indoctrination. At first I thought nothing of it, but just felt the inside atmosphere was off, everyone wearing black. Watching videos, then training, then going to do stuff in some countries, like this, like that."

Mother of Dilnur: "I never regret she came back."

Reporter: "And if you hadn't come back?"

Dilnur Eziz: "I don't know where I would be."

Mother of Dilnur: "She was quite a handful, but very smart and sweet."

Dilnur Eziz: "At first I hated myself for going there. Then I came to learn enough to conclude that they had ulterior motives. Otherwise it wouldn't be free. At first they sweet-talked me, then they told me you must wear this and must do that. I think if I had stayed there for a long time, I could possibly become like those others."

Mother of Dilnur: "I hate them. They led my daughter astray."

Dilnur Eziz: "I feel deceived and used. I hate them so much."

Mother of Dilnur: "Whenever she could call, she said 'Mom, I miss you and want to go home soon.'"

Dilnur Eziz: "I regret it very much."

--- Reporter: "What's the greatest meaning in life?"

Dolqun Yalqun: "It is to walk the right path and realize one's value. I think this is also what the Quran says. People should do good works, deal with others harmoniously."

Reporter: "Do you dare face this matter (when made public)?"

Dolqun Yalqun: "I can totally face this. I've made mistakes, and I don't want to see more people follow my example."

Reporter: "You're not afraid this will have a negative influence on you?"

Dolqun Yalqun: "I'm not afraid."

---

Abduweli Heber: "When I sleep at night, I always dream about them. I dream about dinner with my family and a happy life. I dream about playing with my younger brothers. I really miss hearing them call me 'Brother, Brother'. I also want to go back to study and have fun with my friends. Although I want all this very much, I've committed a crime and these chances can never come back."

Mother of Dilnur: "I hate those who took her away. If they hadn't done that, we would be having a normal life."

Dilnur Eziz: "I'm sorry for them."

Mother of Dilnur: "[She could be at home] helping me and talking with me."

Dilnur Eziz: "Her beloved daughter has grown up. I know I was wrong."

Narrator: "Lawmakers also grapple with cause and effect."

Li Juan (Chairperson, Legal Affairs Committee, People's Congress of Xinjiang): "Among the Measures for Implementation of the Counter-Terrorism Law for Xinjiang, Section 7 is about educational management. Articles 38 and 39 provide for the establishment of vocational training centers and their training content and methods. They serve as a solid legal basis."

Li Juan: "The Autonomous Region also enacted the Internet Security Regulations. Online dissemination of violent content, especially incitement, are our crackdown priority."

Reporter: "What if some internet companies don't follow the rules?"

Li Juan: [sic] "Then we will hold them accountable. When we saw some young people carry out violent crimes and being charged, we felt they were actually victims. They were victims of those who incited them. They themselves didn't commit terrorism but they incited others. So it was based on the harm to society, China's Criminal Law stipulates that we hold you responsible for the making and dissemination of violent terrorist audio and video materials. Even if we block violent terrorist content, terrorism and extremism will not cease and they will try to find new ways. Terrorism is one of their methods. So I believe the challenge will remain for a long time."

Mirzat (Police Officer): "The challenges are more likely from outside China. The invisible hand of incitement from outside China has always been trying to mislead our people."

Abduweli (Xinjiang Internet Information Office): "Now we're focusing on identifying the source of terrorist content and taking targeted measures. When such content appears on internet platforms, we can find it as early as possible and then block it."

Mirzat: "We used to watch a number of spots, but now we're covering the whole picture. We have to cut off the paths by which terrorist content enters our country."

Abduweli: "We should work with other countries regarding the sources, including national security cooperation. Through such cooperation we can curb the terrorist organizations' living space. As long as terrorist organizations are out there, we can't relent in cracking down on such audio and video content."

Mirzat: "The ultimate goal is to uproot extremism and leave it no soil to grow back. That is the way to solve the problem effectively."

Kadir Memet: "Four years without violent terrorism. This is a preliminary victory of our previous work. It's hard won."

Adil (Police Officer): "I have two kids. But in a year, I have to be away for some 300 days. Why? Because the duty on our shoulders is so heavy. I hope more police officers' kids can have more time with their fathers."

Narrator: "'Adil's' greatest hope is to walk out of the War in the Shadows... in a safe and secure Xinjiang."

[Credits begin. A propaganda song about Xinjiang plays to clips from various state media documentaries.]

=== Special thanks to: The China Society for Human Rights Studies The Xinjiang Development Research Center The Public Security Department of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ===

Investigation announcement

"Following its examination of the case, the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) People's Procuratorate has now decided to, in accordance with the law, prosecute and take coercive measures against former director of the XUAR Education Bureau and former deputy secretary of the bureau's Party group, Sattar Sawut, suspected of accepting bribes. Investigation of this case is currently underway." - Supreme People's Procuratorate (May 31, 2017)

Source: https://archive.vn/GtuCU

Supplementary materials Testimony 8: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqlzunwilGM Testimony 7: https://twitter.com/HKokbore/status/1105882441078767617?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw photo: https://shahit.biz/supp/332_1.jpeg Testimony 5: https://shahit.biz/supp/332_4.png photos before and after detention: https://shahit.biz/supp/beforeafter_332.png

Entry created: 2018-11-02 Last updated: 2021-05-18 Latest status update: 2019-03-13 362. Tursyngul Tursynbai

Chinese ID: 65402619????????E? (Mongghulkure)

Basic info

Age: --- Gender: F Ethnicity: --- Likely current location: Ili Status: other When problems started: --- Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|--- Health status: --- Profession: ---

Testifying party (submitted by third party)

Kenzhegul Mungulzhanqyzy

Victim's relation to testifier

The victim is the testifier's sister-in-law.

About the victim

Tursyngul Tursynbai. She has been attending political courses during the day while her husband (Daulethan Mungulzhanuly) is in a re-education camp.

Victim's location

Mongulkure(Zhaosu) County, Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, China

When victim was detained

Not detained. Unclear when she started going to political classes.

Likely (or given) reason for detention

Not in detention.

Victim's status

Attending political classes while her husband is in a camp.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Not stated. Additional information

A Han government worker visits their family on a daily basis to check if they have any contacts with Kazakhstan and teaches their youngest daughter Chinese.

Victims among relatives

Daulethan Mungulzhan (262)

Supplementary materials video testimony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WLZlDztq5-w video testimony: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xyyxzn6nsI

Entry created: 2018-11-03 Last updated: 2018-11-03 Latest status update: 2018-09-27 363. Abdurazaq Sayim (阿布都热扎克·沙依木)

Chinese ID: 652929195901????O? (Kelpin)

Basic info

Age: 62 Gender: M Ethnicity: Uyghur Likely current location: --- Status: sentenced (life) When problems started: before 2017 Detention reason (suspected|official): ---|"taking bribes", "separatism" Health status: --- Profession: scholar

Testifying party

Testimony 1: World Uyghur Congress, an international organization of exiled Uyghur groups.

Testimony 2: Abduweli Ayup, a language activist, linguist, and writer, originally from Kashgar but now residing in Norway. (relation unclear)

Testimony 3: Supreme People's Procuratorate, the highest national level agency responsible for both prosecution and investigation in the People's Republic of China.

Testimony 4: CGTN, an international English-language news channel based in Beijing and owned by China Central Television.

About the victim

Abdurazaq Sayim, former president of the Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences. Member of the Xinjiang Social Sciences Academy’s Party Committee since 2003.

[He is from Kelpin County, according to his short biography in the New West Journal.]

Testimony 4: He was president of the Xinjiang Education Publishing House at some point.

Victim's location

[Unclear, as sentenced.]

When victim was detained

Testimony 1: arrested in 2010 and sentenced to life in prison, according to the World Uyghur Congress

Testimony 3 (http://archive.is/T0hYK) contradicts this, however, as Chinese official sources - dated to April 2017 - report him as being under investigation for accepting bribes. Likely (or given) reason for detention

Testimony 3: "accepting bribes"

Testimony 4: When appearing on camera for the CGTN propaganda film, Abdurazaq says that he chose Yalqun Rozi {965} and Wahitjan Osman {2361} to join "the committee" (presumably referring to the Xinjiang Basic Education Curriculum Reform Group) and instructed them to "include more content on 'ethnic oppression' in the textbooks, mainly 'woeful tales' about the past". He also says that he asked them to "add more Turkic heroes, especially those revolting against the state for independence". [The implication is that he was guilty of separatism.]

Victim's status

Testimony 4: sentenced to life.

How did the testifier learn about the victim's status?

Testimony 1-2: not stated.

Testimony 3: this is an official government body with direct access to information regarding his case.

Testimony 4: CGTN put the victim on camera for their film.

Additional information

Reported in : - https://docs.uhrp.org/pdf/UHRP_Disappeared_Forever_.pdf - http://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/?p=35183 (Testimony 1) - http://uyghurvictims.org/index.php?title=Abdurazaq_Sayim - https://twitter.com/search?q=Abdurazaq%20Sayim&src=typd

This victim is included in the list of detained Uyghur intellectuals, available at (Testimony 2): shahit.biz/supp/list_003.pdf

His Baidu Baike: https://archive.fo/A2N3Z

His Sogou Baike: https://archive.fo/D7f9S

A book he's authored: https://archive.fo/KQcy7

Mention of his being investigated: https://archive.fo/KgvTv

State-media report(s)

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqlzunwilGM

Almira Muhter: "It was terrifying."

Kadir Memet: "Not an isolated attack." Reporter: "Not a lone-wolf?"

Kadir Memet: "No."

Adil (Police Officer): "They're in the shadows."

Reporter: "The recruits?"

Abduweli (Xinjiang Internet Information Office): "Young people."

Abdul Tursuntohti: "I'm proud of my deeds."

Kadir Memet: "If we didn't, Urumqi would be..."

Shirzat Bawudun: "I'm a 'two-faced' man."

Murat Sheripjan: "Get rid of the 'two-faced'."

Bai Fengjie (Prison Instructor): "Get them on the right track."

Dilnur Eziz: "I've grown up."

Kadir Memet: "The cost is high."

[Identity unclear]: "A battle without smoke."

=== The War in the Shadows.

A CGTN Production 2021. ===

=== WARNING

All interviewees have given permission to use their images. At the request of certain counter-terrorism organizations, the identity of some interviewees has been obscured for security reasons. ===

=== Part One The Networks ===

=== Urumqi === Yang Shaoheng (Victim's Family Member): "You see this little courtyard. My father-in-law was always working here... You can see all the tomatoes and peppers he planted."

Reporter: "He really loved life."

Yang Shaoheng: "Yes, he really loved life."

Reporter: "Did he spend a lot of time here every day?"

Yang Shaoheng: "Yes, every day, the whole morning, working in the garden."

Yang Shaoheng: "Whenever I enter the courtyard, I think of him. He left on the morning of May 22nd and never came back..."

[On-screen]: "May 22, 2014, Urumqi. 39 civilians killed, 94 injured."

Yang Shaoheng: "His face was unrecognizable."

Yang Shaoheng: "We'd been together for so long, but I couldn't recognize him."

Narrator: "Police officer 'Adil' says whenever he thinks of the victims, it's hard to take."

[On-screen]: "North Park Street, Urumqi"

Narrator: "This incident keeps torturing him."

Adil (Police Officer): "There were fire engines, ambulances and SWAT teams... Many people were lying on the ground. Smoke was rising from two SUVs."

Yang Shaoheng: "There was a morning market on the street, with fresh produce at reasonable prices."

Adil: "I questioned the main suspect. He said they had surveyed the area many times. They thought more deaths guaranteed entering Paradise."

Kadir Memet (Fmr. Deputy Chief, Urumqi Public Security Bureau): "Two off-road vehicles had exploded. Four of the bodies we confirmed to be the suspects."

Kadir Memet: "Look at the aftermath. 39 people died, and over 90 were wounded. It was still very dangerous. There might be a second explosion. Once I arrived, I sensed it must be a terrorist attack."

Reporter: "So it wasn't a lone wolf attack?"

Kadir Memet: "No. Because there were many explosives, one or two persons couldn't have built them. After the Urumqi attack, they had planned something similar in Hotan's Pishan county."

Reporter: "Where did they get the materials?"

Kadir Memet: "They bought potassium permanganate and other chemicals on the internet and produced them. They learned on the internet.” Reporter: "Was there other evidence?"