Workers of the World, Iloilo! THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NEGRO HISTORY WEEK By J. Meyer — See Page 3 — THE MILITANT PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

Vol. X III - No. 6 NEW YORK, N. Y., MONDAY FEBRUARY 7, 1949 PRICE: FIVE CENTS Wall Street Sets Up Clamor to Truman’s Bill Speed CP Trial By Farrell Dobbs FROM THE FEDERAL COURTROOM. NEW YORK, No Bar to Use Feb. 2 — The government has been caught Bed-handed in its rigging of the ju ry panels for the thought-control indictment and trial of the 11 Stalinists. Big Business doesn’t, like the enough, these maps have occupied way the tria l has boomeranged. the empty seats the government The capitalist press and radio are has so fa r been prevented from clamoring for an end to this filling with jurors from the rigged Of Injunctions monkey business about investigat­ panel. ing the jury system. They want The pattern of the pins on the a ju ry picked from the rigged maps is a dead give-away of the B/oc in Congress Prepares panel. jury-packing scheme. Dense ribs Weinstock Backs John F. X. McGohey, the gov­ of red appear along Park Ave­ ernment prosecutor, is using all nue, F ifth Avenue and Central Out on Offer to Other Anti-Labor Provisions legal tricks in the book to defend' Park West where penthouses of the hand-picking of ju ry panels. the wealthy are concentrated. By George Breitman He contends that so long as there Large clusters of pins stand out Debate Trotskyist is not total exclusion of a class at Gracie Square, Sutton Place W ill Not Defend CP Truman’s new labor relations bill, now under of people, a disproportion between and sim ilar points where the well- classes is entirely legal. to-do gather in tight little islands. Role in SWP Trial consideration by the Senate Labor Committee, would Defense counsel have shown Another cluster appears in fu ll NEW YORK, Feb. 2 — Louis abandon most of the Taft-Hartley Act’*s restrictioiis that “disproportion” really means bloom at the Parkchester high- in practice only token representa­ Weinstock, the leading Stalinisf on unions, including (he specific î>------——— ------rent housing development in the spokesman in A FL Painterr tion, which is even more vicious Bronx. Your eye is next caught inti-strike injunction weapons it The main concessions in the than outright exclusion, because District Council 9, last Wed iad granted the administration. by a thin scattering of pins in night first accepted and ther proposed measure include: Repeal i t is an underhanded attempt to the university and college com­ Jut it would not deprive the ad- turned down an invitation tc of the Taft-H artley Act and conceal an actual policy of exclu­ munities. ninistration of the power to go debate a representative of thr restoration of the Wagner Act, sion. Then you become aware of the nto court for injunctions to break with certain amendments. Re­ Socialist Workers Party on the strikes. Last week Chief Judge John C. barren areas where a red pin in­ cognition of the closed shop, even Knox of this judicial district said nositions of the SWP and thr dicating the residence of a juror This was clearly indicated by in the area of interstate com­ in a public speech, “ Unless re­ CP with regard to past anr’ stands alone like a railroad wa­ Attorney General Clark’s testi­ merce in states where it is strained by an authority I cannot ter tank on a Dakota prairie. oresent trials under the Smitt mony before the Senate Com­ resist, jurors in my district will Act. banned. Abolition of the anti­ These lands of exile from jury mittee. He said the “ inherent communist affidavit. Withdrawal continue to be handpicked.” service include the three Harlems Monopolists Try to Hide The question arose in District lower of the President to deal •of the ban on political expendi­ Presiding Judge Harold R. Me­ (Negro, Puerto Rican and Italian) Council 9 when Secretary-Trea­ »vith emergencies” is “ exceedingly dina has accused the defense of surer M artin Rarback read to the tures by unions. Termination of and working class districts like ’treat” .and the government would The NLRB general counsel’s delaying tactics and of attempting the Lower East Side, Hell’s Kitch­ delegates from the notorious have “ access to the courts to to take over the administration of Need for Wage Raises Weinstock letters, whose con­ separate investigation and prose­ en and Chelsea. protect the national health, safety cution powers. Provisions pro­ justice. He halted examination of Wilkerson also produced a chart tents were reported in The Mili­ have gone to further increase ! corporation-inspired p r e s s , it and welfare. . . . This bill, as hibiting strikes by federal em­ the tria l ju ry panel with only six showing that workers who toil By John G. Wright tant (Jan. 3 and 31). Recalling swollen profits. | would appear, is dictated by all I read it, does not .purport to ployees and permitting employers of the 525 members heard. with their hands outnumber busi­ the conviction of 18 SWP mem­ I t was only a brief while ago Now that many,union contracts these salient facts. But we 'find circumscribe the rights of the not to bargain collectively with ness executives 6 to 1 in the pop­ bers in the Minneapolis case, DAMNING EVIDENCE that such authoritative represent­ are coming up fo r discussion, the few signs of such recognition United States in this respect.” foremen are also omitted. ulation as a whole, but on the Rarback said: atives of Big Business as Mr. Hen­ monopolists are training their among the top union officials, The duplicity of the measure Doxcy A. Wilkerson, director of stacked ju ry panels the business “ When a part of the labor and ry Ford publicly »acknowledged biggest guns against any further On the contrary, signs of soft- was also demonstrated by Secre­ BIG l o o p h o l e s of- the- Stalinist-controlled Jeffer­ executives outnumber the manual liberal movement had rallied the need for a “fourth round” of wage increases. The daily press pedalling this urgent issue are tary of Labor Tobin’s reply to On the other hand, the Wagner son School in this city, is now on workers 9 to 1. the witness stand presenting a wage increases. Nor did it even keeps playing up the consecutive becoming more and more appar- ¡behind these men in order to Sen. Humphrey’s question i f the Act is amended’ to extend certain defend them on the civil rights mass of facts concerning present “OUR PEERS” enter the minds of top union lead­ declines in “ primary market pri- ent. The crassest action thus far Truman b ill “ provided fo r gov­ “ unfair labor practice” curbs to ces,” in the “ wholesale price in- has been taken by the CIO Amal- issues that were at stake under ernment seizure of struck facili­ practices in selecting juries. Books To date 21 of the 23 grand ers to publicly soft-pedal this.jus­ j unions. The “ unfair” practices dex” and in the “ commodity price gamated Clothing Workers, whose the Smith Act, Brother Wein­ ties.” Tobin refused to give a yes of all sizes, shapes and colors, to­ jurors who indicted the Stalinists tifiable demand. include “ unjustifiable secondary index.” What they omit to under- | officials have voluntarily “ post­ stock and the Communist Party gether with many maps and have been questioned on the w it­ How could it be otherwise in a or no answer, saying the ques­ boycotts and jurisdictional strikes; score is that all these price poned” discussions of higher slandered and besmirched the charts have been introduced in ness stand. There was not a single period of peak inflation? The tion should be directed to Clark. strikes to compel an employer to changes represent declines of not j wages. political views of this group and evidence. Lists totaling 7,737 Negro among them. They turned squeeze upon the workers is In short, 'J^ruman’s bill makes bargain when he is under obliga­ more than a few percentage points | From the standpoint of the called fo r the government to jurors are under analysis. out to be corporation directors graphically reflected in govern­ a number of formal concessions tion to bargain with another from the ALL-TIM E highs estab- , capitalists, such “ labor statesman- send them to jail for their poli­ Wilkerson has inserted red pins and stockholders, bankers, brok' ment figures. According to the 1» labor while at the same time union; and failure to give at least on a series of maps to indicate ers, wholesalers, an editor and B L S index, compiled several lished in August and September : ship” is, of course, highly Iaud- tical opinions. he retains the power to circumvent 30 day’s notice before termina­ “ Today, the same Communist the place of residence of each j the wife of a police sergeant, months after the “third round” of of last year. I able. From the standpoint of la- or negate many of these con­ tion or modification of contracts. juror on present and past ju ry They have served on an average wage rises, the situation since According to Labor Department! bor’s interests, it is a stab in the Party is being tried under the cessions. (Continued on Page 4) estimates, “ the decline in the cost panels back to 1940. Ironically I (Continued on page 4) WJ Day shaped up as follows: back not only to the struggle for -ame Smith Act for their poli- of living since last August had Wages were up 20% while prices bridging the gap between prices ’cal opinions and we can under­ had soared by 35%. In the same increased the purchasing power and wages, but also to the no lesB stand why it is embarrassing for period profits went sky high, in­ of the dollar by one cent.” (N. Y. vital struggle for raising the liv­ Weinstock and his Communist creasing by 155%. Times, Jan. 30.) In plain words, ing standards at least a notch or Party cohorts for these letters New Stalin Plea: Rhode Island CIO Pledges a worker with an “ average wage” two above the existing depressed o be published in all the news­ These figures are, if anything, of $50 has benefited to the ex­ levels. an understatement. Yet they show papers in the city since the labor tent of 50 cents. movement convicts them as being that in the period of “ peak pros­ Every housewife knows that, To Help Kutcher Committee perity” the workers have suffered Taft Act Supporters .tool pigeons and betrayers in "I Want a Deal" despite all the ballyhoo of “ bar­ approximately a 15% slash' in he fight for civil rights in this Following similar action by the Connecticut, New Jersey gain” sales, she still pays higher In Position to 'Put :ountry.” By Joseph Hansen their purchasing power as com­ prices fo r most necessities today and Ohio State CIO Councils, the Executive Board of the Rhode pared with their position at the Teeth' in New Bill Rarback then told Weinstock than at the time of the “third ’.hat he would be w illing to have Stalin’s declaration Jan. 30 that he has "no objection to a Island State Industrial Union Council Iasi week voted unanim­ close of hostilities. How could F ifty members of the present round” wage negotiations. an SWP representative debate meeting’’ with Truman to discuss the possibility of drawing up ously to endorse the efforts of® ------— -— — there be any question of the ur­ The gap between prices and Senate voted for the Taft- gent need of higher wages ? him on their respective positions a “ pact of peace” has touched o ff the usual speculation in the the Kutcher Civil Rights Com­ these our United States, which wages has not been bridged at all. Hartley Act in 1947, four new On top of this, productivity per oward the past and present capitalist press about the mean- ,5- mittee to win justice fo r James were the free choice of political For families in the low-income members voted for it as Repre­ worker has been climbing sharply '.rials under the Smith Act. ng of the Generalissimo’s state­ Kutcher. The secretary-treasurer party, religious beliefs, etc. brackets the few pennies, recent­ sentatives and two others damaged by war is a great plan.” since V-J Day, a fact slurred over Weinstock answered, “ I t ’s OK by ment. Is Moscow ready to make of the State CIO Council, A 11- “ Enclosed you w ill And $1 to ly lopped o ff here and there by defeated labor-supported candi­ Caehin also recalled Truman’s by the corporations who keep me.” a deal with Washington? tortio DiPinto, is sending notice the price gougers, are in most dates. A majority of the Senate campaign gesture of readiness to help your fight for your right to yowling fo r ever greater produc­ But when Rarback added that The answer is obviously, yes. of the Executive Board endorse­ believe in any philosophy. I care instances more than offset by is 49. send Fred M. Vinson on a mission tion while intensifying the speed­ such permanent price rises as he would invite representatives Stalin has repeatedly indicated ment to all its affiliates and not what political or religious In the House 227 who voted to Moscow and the President’s up in the plants. The workers thus those in rents, transportation of the press to the Council meet- his eagerness to reach an under­ requesting individual locals to creed you hold (o and preach. You for the T-H Act were re­ statement that certain leaders in find themselves in the intolerable costs, electric and gas rates, med­ *ing where the debate would be standing with American imperial­ make whatever financial dona­ elected, and six new members the Soviet Union are eager to should have a right to your be­ situation. of having their living ical services and the like. neld, Weinstock immediately lost ism. The difficulty has been that tions they can to the Kutcher were elected over union opposi­ reach an understanding w ith the liefs! I wish that I could send standards cut at a time when they The need for aggressively push­ heart and refused to commit him­ Washington’s price could not be case. vou $1,000 or $100,000. Fight tion. A majority of the House self any further on participation United States. should actually be rising. A ll the ing the “ fourth round” and coun­ is 218. met by the Kremlin bureaucracy. The Slovene National Benefit On!” benefits of higher productivity ter-acting the cynical lies of the I in such a debate. Up to now, Stalin has not been Other lieutenants of the Krem­ Society through its President, prepared to withdraw from East­ lin have likewise indicated how Joseph Culkar, has also endorsed ern Europe and open up the pieased they would be to do the work of the Kutcher Civil Soviet Union to western capital­ business with Wall Street, not Rights Committee and contribut­ ism. Wall Street, on the other the least among them being the ed to its defense fund. This is hand, has fe lt no pressing need, Chinese Stalinist leaders. the largest fraternal order of 'Carry on as Usual/ Say Chinese Stalinists since the immediate postwar “PEACE OFFENSIVE” Slovenians, with headquarters in period, to buy what the Kremlin The capitalist press calls this Chicago and lodges in all large Right after Tientsin fell to the ing fo r weak spots to increase has to offer — professional ser­ Government in China but to form Tso-yi. They were allowed to ing the arrival of the Stalinists a “peace offensive,” as if want­ cities and in many steel and Communists, a discontented cook their own power and influence. vices in Reading o ff and putting a coalition regime with the operate their own radio station in Nanking. ing to stave off war constituted mining communities throughout turned to his boss and said: Chinese capitalists. Figuring that the Kremlin fears down revolutionary movements. from 'inside the beleaguered city, PREPARE COMEBACK a crime. This strange label the country. “ Now, you cook for me.” This course proceeds directly the appearance of Titoism, the Stalin now feels his hand and communicate with the besieg­ There has been a “ regular pro­ designed to help ju stify Wash­ In addition to financial aid The employer complained to from the program of Mao Tsc- Nanking clique are bidding for strengthened as a result of the ers outside. They were equipped cession of Kuomintang politicians ington’s open preparations for from numerous union locals, the the Communists. They lectured tung, which like the program of the role of counter-force. The victories of his followers in with special passes from General to the offices of Ambassador atomic slaughter. While Moscow Kutcher defense fund last week (he cook, put him to work and (he Mensheviks in Russia in 1917, game is to go over Mao Tse- China. Perhaps American im ­ Fu, w ith resident’s cards and with Leighton Stuart, asking for his calls fo r peace and a deal, Wash­ received contributions from sev­ threatened punishment if he envisages a long period of capital­ tung’s head and hand over the perialism would be interested in other credentials.” help in transplanting a core of ington coolly goes ahead with eral different sources. An ad­ caused any trouble. ist profit-making in China with western province of Sinkiang a mutually - profitable, over - all the present regime into a future organization of the most far- mirer of Kutcher’s fight for civil Workers in a factory grumbled the working class remaining “ CARRY ON AS USUAL” directly to the Kremlin. In return understanding at the expense of coalition,” says Roth. The State reaching military alliance in his­ rights who had read about his over their wages and the eight- enslaved. The negotiations ended with an for this concession, they hope the Chinese people among others ? Department reply was made tory, the Atlantic Pact, and discharge in The Nation mailed hour day. They wrecked the agreement, according to Andrew Moscow w ill be tempted to in­ through Paul Hoffman. In prepares to convert the countries a contribution to the committee kitchen. Then they went to Red STALINISTS OBLIGING Roth of The Nation, setting up crease Nanking’s weight in the CACHIN INTERVIEW bordering the Soviet Union into from Buenos Aires, Argentina. headquarters to complain. What happened in Tientsin was a “ join t governing council whose December he declared that Wash­ coalition at the expense of Mao How quickly the entire world ington would provide assistance a springboard fo r attack. These Members of the crew of the S.S. They came back dumbfounded. repeated in Peiping. Erwin D.' members have been appointed by Tse-tung. Stalinist movement would make to a Stalinist-dominated coalition bellicose preparations alarm the Ernie Pyle took up a “tarpaulin The Communists put them on a Canham of the Christian Science Fu and the Communists.” The Whether this desperate a flip flop in its attitude to­ provided it permitted “free in­ working people of Europe and the muster” of $16 to help the 10-hour day and cut their wages Monitor reports that the Stalin­ property of foreigners and for­ maneuver works remains to be ward Anglo-American imperial- stitutions” to function. By this test of the world, hence the need victimized veteran. The Twin 20%. ists began negotiating with the eign diplomats is “ guaranteed'.” seen. The fact that the Soviet :sm should a temporary deal be he meant that the Stalinists must of the Washington propagandists City branch of the Workers De­ * * * Kuomintang city regime even This guarantee is being enforced Ambassador has followed Chiang reached was indicated by Marcel safeguard capitalism and give to try to discount Moscow’s ad­ fense League gave $25 for the The above report appeared before they started the Siege. “by police and by supplementary Kai-shek to Canton is an indica­ Caehin at a press conference in former Kuomintang officials kev vances and to picture them as Kutcher Committee’s work. word fo r woi’d in the Feb. 1 ‘The Communists controlled the troops from both armies.” And tion that Moscow is not burning Rome Jan. 23. This top spokes­ posts. Such a beachhead would “ nothing but propaganda.” N. Y. Post. I t reveals in the most electric plant which furnished the agreement ends with an an­ any bridges to an understanding man of the French Communist A reader of the Newark News facilitate a later comeback fo t I t is true that Moscow loses graphic way the attitude of the ligh t and pumped water, into nouncement that “ people of all with even the most reactionary Party repeated the long-ago-ex­ from Montclair, N. J., self- ultra-reaction. nothing in the cold war by in­ Chinese Stalinists toward the Peiping,” says Canham. “ They walks of life «are requested to wing of the Kuomintang at the ploded Stalinist dogma that world described as “ An American dicating its readiness to reach working class. The Stalinists at obligingly kept right on running carry on as usual and avoid all CUNNING MANEUVER xpense of the Chinese Stalinists. capitalism and the Soviet Union Lutheran Protestant,” wrote the an understandings And it can be the head of the insurgent the plant, a little erratically, all public panic.” The Chinese Stalinist policy What makes this Nanking can exist side by side indefinitely following letter to James K ut­ added that these bids fo r a deal peasantry enter the cities not to through the siege.” This policy explains why west­ of collaboration with former maneuver possible is Stalin’s in peace. cher: “ I wish to say my whole give real, sting to the denuncia­ liberate the workers from slavery This was not all. “ The Com­ ern business men and bankers Kuomintang officials has open­ perfidiousness and his readiness He praised the Marshall Plan, family and our entire circle of tions of Wall Street which fill to the capitalist class but to munist delegates were inside are confident they can do business ed the way for a cunning to doublecross his most loyal saying in direct contradiction to the Stalinist press. The work­ friends are in sympathy with prevent the workers from rising. Peiping during the siege, with with the Chinese Stalinists and maneuver by these politicians. As lieutenants to promote a deal the current Stalinist line that ing people naturally conclude your cause. These various boards The Stalinist aim is not to estab­ the knowledge and consent of the why the embassies of the west- a minority within the future with Chinese and world capital­ “ nobody questions that the Ameri­ are missing the foundations of lish a Workers and Farmers Nationalist commander, Gen. Fu | era powers are anxiously await- coalition they are already prob­ ism. can offer to help economies (Continued on page 2) Page Tw o THE MILITANT Monday, February 7, ,1949

Professors Ousted in Witch-Hunt World Trade Union Body- World Events

— — By Joseph Hansen ■ ■ . A Pawn in Hie Cold War Notional Conference members of the Social Demo­ cratic parly. By N. Henri pression of the young workers’ Of Italian Trotskyists Rubthe vote for the Communist movement in those lands. Is Held in Rome Party rose from about 1,000,000 PARIS — A fter a little more What is the balance sheet o f in the previous election in 1947 than three years existence, the this trade union international? The' Italian Trotskyist groups to more than 3,274,000. The World Federation of Trade Unions Up to the time of the official which were organized around the Stalinists themselves had hoped has Undergone a split. split, after the split had already magazine IVa Internazionale that they might triple their At its foundation, the WFTU occurred on a national basis in after the Second World Congress representation in the Diet from «tight have appeared as a power- several countries, it is necessary of the Fourth International, held four to 12. To their own astonish­ fiii; force from which the world to say fla tly that from the view­ their first national conference on ment they won 35 seats. W ith working Class could derive great point of the interests of the work­ Jan. 2 in Rome. Twenty-five dele­ about 10% pf the total ballots, bènèfit. Never had the trade ing- people, its reCefd it ab­ gates from ten local and provin­ they now constitute the fourth union movement known such an solutely shameful. cial groups attended. largest party 'in Japan. international organization. More­ Some examples: The conference discussed and Principal strength of the Stal­ over, it \Vas organized at the very The WFTU sent delegations, adopted an important political inists is among the workers in m o ment when virtually the notably to Greece. But the WFTU report which drew a balance sheet the industrial centers. In the m ajority of the working class did not organize any action what­ on all the currents in the Italian country districts they trailed far throughout the world was re­ ever to help the Greek workers. labor movement since 1944. A behind the other parties. This grouping in trade unions. It did not organize any action to resolution on the political orienta­ can give MacArthur and 'his pup­ Nb one stayed outside the ranks help the workers of Spain. It did tion and practical work of the pets little comfort, however. The o f ‘the WFTU except the reac­ not organize any action against Italian Trotskyists was adopted. revolutionary fire among the tionary officialdom of the Ameri­ the war on the Indo-Chihese peo­ This w ill soon be published. Chinese peasantry is bound to can Federation of Labor. Along­ ple. It did not even dream o f The conference took up the re­ soon cast a warm glow on the side the British trade unions, the lifting a little finger for the In­ ports of various committees on poverty-stricken peasants of University of Washington professors Herbert J. Phillips, (left), Joseph Butterworlh (center) C |0, the French General Con­ donesian people although i f w'ould organization, education, trade Japan. They w ill then easily and Ralph Grundlach, fired- as “Communists” after a witch-hunting expedition of the state Can- federation of Labor and the appear that in this case neither union work, etc. A Central Com­ respond to the lead of the city well Un-American Activities Committee. The Seattle Socialist Workers Party joined in the de­ Spviet trade unions (which, so Washington nor Moscow would mittee was elected. workers. • fense of the three professors, distributing a leaf let which linked the case with the purge of Tucker fa r as trade unionism is con­ be'opposfed. In connection with the con­ The general elections in Japan cerned, al-e one of the Kremlin’s P. Smith at Olivet College, the trial of 11 Stalinist leaders and the discharge of James Kutcher. ference an 8;day seminar was SILENT DURING STRIKES thus registered growing political ifiâtrumènts for oppressing the held on problems of the revolu­ ferment among the working peo­ The WFTU wa's ’silent during Soviet masses) there Svere group­ tionary movement. Twenty com­ ple and a sharp . increase in the -.he big strikes in the United ed in the WFTU a whole series rades participated and found the political tension. This portends States and during All the otheij of .trade union organizations of study and discussion very fru it­ no easy sailing for the Yoshida big workers’ ■struggles. the Colonial and semi - colonial New Bid Made by Stalin ful. ' regime. The WFTU not'only said dSth- Countries, first powerful o'x- As Gordon Walker, cort’espon- the masses to aeeept the govern-; (Continued from page 1) into closer integration With the oppositional sentiment to the dent of the Christian Science mental • decisions Atrd 'ih'us t'drn Elections in Japan •that American imperialism must economy of the Soviet Union. The Stalin regime inside the USSR, Monitor, observed in a dispatch the masses back info the frame- Stalinist aim is more, systematic as is indicated by the following Show Rising Unrest from Tokyo: “Although Japan ‘wi'rk'ef the old order ¿f • things Ibe the aggressor, since it spurns MOURN UNTIMELY DEATH (he Kremlin’s advances and goes draining of the satellite countries interesting report of the well- Among City Workers now is assured of a unified con­ ■« submission to capitalist ex­ for the immediate benefit of informed Foreign Policy Bulletin: servative government under Mr. ploitation or the oppression of rig h t on stockpiling atom bombs ■and lining up its allies in a world­ Moscow’s position. '“If the judgment of observers The Jan. 23 general elections Yoshida, the atmosphere here in the Kremlin. in Japan revealed a significant OF UELGIAN TROTSKYIST wide coalition for war. If the satellite countries are who have recently spent con­ Tokyo, meanwhile, is gloomy. When the " B ig Three” quar­ However, Moscow’s propaganda permitted to trade with the west­ siderable time in the USSR is polarization of political senti­ Occupation authorities' take an relled, the trade union officials •gain is only incidental. The ern powers it w ill be along lines to be trusted. Russians who differ ment. Premier Shigeru Yoshida’s extremely serious view of the Comrade O. Henry, well-known of the party’s May 1, 1939, •took up the quarrel of their Kremlin is hot bluffing. Stalin dictated by Moscow and strictly with the Kremlin are not think­ ultra - conservative Democratic sudden spurt in communist in the Belgian labor movement manifesto against the war, one masters. I f tomorrow Washing­ really wants a dfeal — on terms in accordance with the opportun­ ing in terms of replacing the Liberal Party won a m ajority of voting strength. And undoubtedly under the pen-name of Sem, died of the basic documents of the ton and Moscow make another the bureaucracy can meet. But istic interests of the Stalinist Soviet system by one patterned seats in the lower house of there w ill have to be a reassess­ suddenly Jan. 14 at the age of Belgian Trotskyists. deal, then we’ll again see the ever since the profitable trans­ bureaucracy. on the United States or Britain, Japan’s parliament, the Diet. The ment of the popular theory that 44. He was a member of the Poli­ . When the Belgian Trotskyist trade union bureaucrats getting action in which the Kremlin saved A few examples w ill show how but of ridding it of some of so-called “ center” parties — the Japan is at least an ideological tical Bureau and of the Central party was forced underground at together. It was with this per­ French and Italian capitalism at the bureaucracy has been opei’at- its most ruthless controls and Democrats, People’s Cooperatives bulwark against the spread of Committee of the IJarti Com­ the outbreak of war and many spective in mind that the heads the end of the war in return for ing in the satellite countries since bureaucratic deficiencies — in and Social Democrats who con­ communism in Asia.” muniste Internationaliste (Bel­ of the older leaders of the party of the British trade unions government posts for its agents, the first days of outright plunder. short, of making the Soviet stituted the coalition government gian’ section of the Fourth In­ dropped into inactivity, Comrade presented their proposal for a American imperialism, has rej Poland was forced to sell 6,000,- system work better and more that carried out MacArthur’s ternational). The cause of his. Sem became the leading militant one year’s suspension of business. jected even a temporary under­ 000 tons of coal to the USSR humanely.” orders—lost heavily. The Stalin­ Allied Court Frees death was not reported. around whom the party leader­ In that time Truman and Stalin standing with the Kremlin. last ^ear for the equivalent of Besides evidence of this kind, ists, appearing as a revolutionary A communist from his youth ship was reconstituted. Three m ight reach an understanding, 81.20 a ton when world prices the recent series of far-reaching party to the voters, registered Ace Nazi Diplomat; and member of the Trotskyist times—in 1939-40, in 1944 after i/i which event the WFTU could DEFENSIVE STEPS ranged from $14 to $20 a ton. purges in all spheres of cultural big gains. Restores jHis Fortune movement since 1936, Comrade the Gestapo arrested almost all continue its tranquil little life.. Thus the Moscow bureaucracy The Kremlin charged Czecho­ and. scientific life were a certain The victorious Premier Yoshida Sem was recognized even before the new leaders of the “party, has been forced to take what it slovakia the Chicago price for indication, as in previous purges, is closely connected through mar­ The latest incident in the effort the war as the most outstand­ and in 1947—he carried the heavy STALINISTS INDIFFERENT considers to be the most effective wheat last year and added half that' dissatisfaction with the riage to the Mikado and also to of Anglo-American imperialism ing !and qualified leader of the responsibility of guiding the The heads of the Soviet trade possible defensive steps, con­ of what it would have cost to ship regime is profound. a fam ily of wealthy coal barons. to groom' former Nazis and their Belgian party. He was the author organization by himself. unions and the other Stalinist sonant with its bureaucratic rule, the wheat from Chicago to Ilis aims in office are to backers -for a puppet German Sem was the organizer of the trade union chieftains could gain against the obvious preparations Czechoslovakia. KREMLIN WORRIED strengthen Japanese capitalism, government was the liberation International Pre-conference of nothing at present from such a for military attack. The first of On a loan of $32,000,000 to The Stalinist bureaucracy is cut down the number of govern­ on Jan. 26 of H itler’s top-drawer Concert for Kutcher 1942 which reunited the Belgian proposition. A year ago they could these was organization of the Czechoslovakia fo r supplies, worried about this bitterness and ment employees, launch a gov­ diplomat, Franz won Papen. The Kutcher Civil Rights Com­ and French Trotskyist leaders in still agree to a compromise on Oominform. The latest was an- Moseow charged 31/2%, which is unrest and believes that a deal ernment drive against the labor Condemned to serve eight years mittee is proud to announce that the underground during the Nazi the question of the Marshall i:ounce<) Jan. 25. It is a Council 1% more than the Export-Import with America^ imperialism would movement, impose wage controls at hard labor as a major war they have secured the services of occupation. He participated in the Plan; because, dominating the for Economic Mutual Assistance Bank gets fo r such loans. facilitate “pacification” of the and stamp out “ communism.” criminal, von Papen was not three distinguished musicians to European Conference of the French CGT and the Italian (CEMA) for the countries of satellite countries and liquidation MacArthur hailed Yoshida’s vic­ only freed by the Allied “denazi­ help raise funds for the work of Trotskyist movement in February CGT, they were anxious to avoid Eastern Europe with the ex­ DOMESTIC OPPOSITION of the disturbing trends at home. tory as a triumph for the “ con­ fication” court after four years’ the committee. H arriet Salerno, 1944 and in the A p ril 1946 World a split. They could still derive ception of Yugoslavia. When Rumania, Hungary, Fin­ One of the first “ benefits” of the servative philosophy of govern- imprisonment but all his proper­ pianist; Broadus Erie, violinist; Pre - Conference of the Fourth all the. ad vantages of their posi­ This is the culmination of the land, etc. make deliveries of understanding could be the qircnt.” ties, confiscated by previous and Seymour Barab, cellist, are International. During the war, tions without too mucli incon­ economic counter - moves to the goods as payments on reparations throttling of the Tito opposition. MacArthur’s elation is under­ court decision, were returned to donating their services in a cham­ lie also organized the under­ venience. But now that the split Marshall' Plan. Like the Marshall imposed by Stalin, they are allow­ On top of this, a deal would standable. One of his major aims him except for a token fine of ber music concert at Carnegie Re­ ground publication and distribu­ is an accomplished fact on the Plan .it is being ballyhooed as, a ed 1938 prices plus 10%, despite postpone Wall Street’s projected in Japan has been to safeguard $9,000. n ta l Hall, on Feb. 22. Tickets are tion of the Manifesto of the national scale, what difference mutual aid project. However, just inflationary increases of as m ilitary assault, thus winning the Mikado from the anger of the Von Papen revealed that he $1.20 each and may be secured’ by Emergency Conference of the does it make to them if there is as the Marshall Plan is really much as 100% in world market more time for the bureaucracy. working people, to head o ff a will take a vacation while await­ Writing to the Kutcher Civil Fourth International which was a split that leaves them formally aimed at fortifying and ad­ prices since that time. The W ithout such a deal, Moscow working class revolution and ing restoration of his holdings Rights Committee, 19 W. 10th St., written by Leon Trotsky. owners of the name of an in­ vancing American imperialism, so CEMA is designed to intensify will continue to counter Anglo- build up Japanese capitalism as in the rich Saar and Rhineland New York 11, N. Y. Watch for With the death, of Comrade ternational organization ? the CEMA is aimed at fortifying this kind of “ mutual assistance.” American blows by bureaucratic an ally in Wall Street’s pro­ areas. The size of his fortune further announcements. Sem, the Belgian section and the As for the interests of the and advancing the Stalinist Such exploitation engenders in­ devices like the Cominform mid jected war against the Soviet was not revealed. entire Fourth International lost working people, none of the bureaucracy. tense dissatisfaction among vhe CEMA whose defense value to Union. The rehabilitation of this Nazi one of its most seasoned cadres, bureaucrats — those of the satellite countries. In the case the USSR the Kremlin measures Recently MacArthur took a follows similar action in hundreds SAN FRANCISCO one of its most capable leaders “ Russian party” as well as those DRAIN SATELLITES of Yugoslavia, resentment flared by only one yardstick — how number of steps to hasten the of other cases. Among the & O A K L A N D and a comrade and friend of of the “ American party” — have The CEMA w ill help bring the into the open. well they strengthen the dicta­ entrenchment of reaction in notorious criminals who have re­ stainless honesty and integrity. any interest in such matters. economies of the satellite powers In addition there is widespread torial rule of Stalinism. Japan. These consisted of passage ceived demonstrative leniency NATIONAL NEGRO of Taft-Harlley type legislation, from the occupation authorities HISTORY WEEK ending of democratic reforms, was Ilsc Koch, the foul “ Beast, Celebration: exerting direct pressure on unions of Buehemvald.” Washington and London are Thurs., Feb. 10, 8 P. M. to call o ff strike action for higher wages and repressive measures restoring the former Nazi and “ The Negro’s Revolutionary The Economic Causes of - War Drive their backers to power in pre­ against the Communist Party. Past” paration for the constitution of staving off revolutions in the With America’s tremendous pro­ lin’s good faith toward the One of the results of this policy, Allen Willis By John Saunders investments in colonial countries. a Western German government. Orient in the immediate period. ductive potential any laxity in capitalist powers and playing up apparently quite unexpected to Nor does the administration over­ Plans are to include this puppet The capitalist press is filled A modus vivendi could be utiliz­ look the fact that a deal with this respect can be easily Stalinism as a world revolutionary MacArthur, was the strengthen­ ing of the Communist Party. regime under the provisions -of Fri., Feb. 11, 8 P. M. with speculation as to a possible ed by Washington to crush the the Soviet Union would increase remedied. The main reason is that force. Just before the election his head­ ihe North Atlantic Pact. Ameri­ “ The Negro and Socialism” “ change of line” by the Kremlin incipient revolts and lay the exports to Eastern Europe as our whole economic structure American imperialism under­ quarters had gleefully announced can m ilitarists already envisage W illiam Gorman in favor of a deal with Wash­ groundwork for a more thorough well as to China. would collapse overnight in case stands only too well the falsity of a drop in “ communist influence” mobilization of 500,000 German Movie: “ The Black Napoleon ington. On this point we can exploitation of the colonial lands. of disarmament. its charges. Stalinism has indeed ONE CONDITION in the trade unions and predicted youth as the first contingent of a of H aiti” give an unequivocal answeri This breathing spell could also W ith the existing and potential been treacherous, but to the world A deal with the Kremlin could That the Communist Party would new Prussian army to he used in Such a deal has been Stalin’s be used to bolster the new alliance glut of goods on the market be­ working class. But Washington another invasion of the Soviet aim ever since the end of the war beiflg formed against the SovieJ be advantageous to Washington make only slight gains in the cause of the inability of the must continue to sing this tune. election due to temporary fac­ Union in Wall Street’s projected Sat., Feb. 12, 9 P. M. when American imperialism Union and keep the latter from from a political and economic masses to buy them at prevailing For it must justify the back­ Negro Literature tional dissension among le ft wing world war. brusquely terminated its war overrunning all Europe and Asia point of View on only one condi­ prices, Capitalism can survive only breaking burdens placed on the — Dickson Woods alliance with Moscow and em­ when the - Third World War tion. Under no circumstances by siphoning off production for American taxpayers and the The Meaning of Jazz barked on its “ get tough” policy. breaks out. must there be a let-down in war non-consumption purposes. War failure to produce the much- — C liff Sharp It is Washington which has preparations. I t cannot even be needed housing and other vital Movie: “Music in America” DANGER OF BUST preparations and war itself be­ THE MILITANT ARMY studiously held aloof from enter­ said that the actual use of these come the perfect destroyers of necessities. — Refreshments & Dancing — There is, however, one big cloud weapons in the coming war is ing into another deal. It is Wash­ consumption goods, replacing the Equally important, American on the horizon which becomes the most important consideration. A1 Lynn writes: “The Los under the provisions of the Smith ington which has the final say. less efficient dumping and “ plow­ imperialism knows that any deal American imperialism is aware ever more threatening 'and which Angeles Local of the SWP is Act. ing under” policy of the depression with the Kremlin will be transi­ * * * Exhibit on Negro history will motivates Washington's thinking about to plunge into an election that European capitalism sur­ days. tory in nature. For one thing, be open from noon to 10 P. M. and planning. It is the danger of campaign to last through March. “ For the first time in the short on these days. vives primarily because of Stalin­ Even increased exports cannot there is a lim it to which arma­ ist treachery to the working; economic collapse. Truman was Onion Locals Aid We would like to attempt a history of our branch,” says 1739 Fillmore Street, 4th floor, absolutely correct when he stated fully replace armaments in stav­ ments can be stepped up under greater utilization of The Mili­ Lillian F. of Oakland, Calif., “ we class. W ith the masses of Asia’ ing o ff a depression. Such in­ such- circumstances. It won’t San Francisco in his Economic Message to tant for this. We would like to intend to enter local politics in in ferment, a deal with Stalin, make sense to the American peo­ Congress “ that our unparalleled; Kulcher Defense creased exports, confined jn the be able to get some front and the Councilmanic elections coming m ight prove the only means ofi main to heavy industry, help to ple. The inadequate purchasing prosperity has not been main­ CIO local unions in many d if­ back page space—go door to door up in April. We are putting fo r­ industrialize the less advanced power of the masses will bring tained by chance.” I f American, ferent sections of the country selling the paper as well as at ward one candidate for City countries who on the morrow be­ about a greater and .greater glut capitalism had relied only on and from several Internationals plant gates, meetings, etc.” Council. One of the main ob­ SUBSCRIBE TODAY come the competitors of Ameri­ of consumption goods, necessitat­ filling the shortages created by last week responded to the ‘ * jectives of the campaign w ill can imperialism in the world ing still more astronomical figures the war, we would have long ago: Kutcher Civil Rights Commit­ Virginia Barrett of Milwaukee: naturally be to get as many peo­ markets. Moreover, in the im­ for armaments to avoid economic been in the throes of depression. tee’s requests fo r support in its “ I inclose an express money ple to subscribe to The M ilitant collapse. THE MILITANT Among many factors there was work. mediate period an increase of order in the amount of $50 which as possible. . . .” American exports would sharply * * * 116 UNIVERSITY PLACE NEW YORK 8, N. Y. the Marshall Plan which prevent­ Among the UAW local con­ In the end, American imperial­ we wish to apply on our Militant ed last year’s decline in exports tributing to Kutcher’s defense cut into the foreign sales of the ism must abrogate any deal it bill. . . . $40 of the enclosed A.E.O. of Chicago, a new suby $2 from becoming much more drastic.; fund were Bell Local 501, Buf­ industrialized European countries, might make with Moscow and go amount represents proceeds from seriber, has asked that his sub­ □ □ $1 But the most important factor falo; Amalgamated Local 280, thereby further undermining their all out for war preparation. our recent Militant celebration.” scription start with the first issue shaky economic foundation. And One Year Six Months fo r the continued period of Detroit; Chevrolet Local 659, Facing either bankruptcy if this * * * of 1949. We are glad to supply prosperity following the break in. F lin t; Local 663, Anderson, Ind.; American imperialism cannot af­ mad whirl is continued, or eco­ The New York Local of the these back issues. Other readers □ $4 one year of The Militant prices of agricultural commo­ Local 407, West Allis, Wis.; Lin­ ford to permit its allies to sink nomic collapse if it is not, the Socialist Workers Party dis­ who find back issuers useful can dities almost a year ago has been coln Local 900, Detroit; White deeper into the mire. imperialists will gamble on war tributed copies of last week’s get 1947 bound volumes at $4.50 and 12 monthly issues of the increased tempo in war; Motor Local 32, Cleveland. as their only alternative for saving Militant at the New York AFL each. 1948 bound volumes w ill be ROLE OF STALINISM Fourth international preparations. Truman now finds Following Kutcher’s appear­ the capitalist system. Thus any Painters Union Locals 848, 892, ready soon. it necessary to step up armament ance a's a guest speaker before How can Washington achieve deal with Moscow can be nothing 51, 261, 442, 905, and 1011. This Name spending and to add another two the Connecticut CIO convention, its aim of continuing and even more than a slight breather in a issue contained the back page billion dollars to the budget, with contributions were also received stepping up its war preparations continuing cold war in prepara­ story on how Louis Weinstock, READ and at the same time make a deal Address...... additional funds envisaged for from the Greater Hartford Joint tion for the shooting war to come. Stalinist and former secretary- the purpose of -sending lend-lease Board of the CIO Textile Work­ with the Kremlin? Only by stress­ Nor does it matter who happens treasurer of Painters District war equipment to the countries of ers; New Haven Local 125 of ing and imputing to Moscow a to be President or Secretary of Council Noi 9, used his union Western Europe. the Amalgamated Clothing W ork­ perfidious role and an aggressive State. It is economic compulsion position to further the scabby In order to further bolster U.S. ers; and Local 338 of the CIO intent and thereby masking its of a decrepit capitalist system Stalinist campaign against the Zone...... exports it is now contemplated to United Riibber Workers in New own imperialist appetite. I t means which is driving the U. S. in­ 18 SWP members who were ra il­ guarantee American capitalist Haven. casting aspersions at the Krem- exorably to war. roaded to prison during the war Pape H ire ® Subscriptions: $2 per year; Bondi© Order© (B’or more $1 for 6 months. Foreign: 00138»): 3c ©¿oh la TLS./dc $3.50 per y r ; $2 fo r 6 mos. each In foreign countries. “Rntered a« second class THE MI1IMNT SIgned'arttcles By Contribu­ m a tte r ¡Mar. 7, 1044 a t the Published Weekly in the Interests of the Working People tors do not necessarily rep­ Post Office at New Torn. THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION resent The M ilitant’s policies. N. Y- under the act of Mar. ' 116 Ü h lv è rtity P !.. N . Y . 8. V. Y. (Phone: AL 4-9330) The«© are expressed in its 3. i8fO .M Editor: GEORGE BREITMAN 'CdltoClala. Negro History W eek and the Workers n T _____ Si 1 - 1 ■■■'...... " ...... " - . ■ i. i k. . - m.t . , ■■ By J. Meyer Vol. X III — No. fi Monday, February 7, 1949 Negro History Week is no celebration of mere academic Scottshoro Case, Northern Style interest in the truth about Negroes. The Negroes had to organ­ “A means call be justified only by its end. But the end ize themselves to find out and teach their own history as a in its turn needs to be justified. From the Marxist point of view, which expresses the historical interests of the prole­ weapon in the Struggle. Genera-:------tariat, the end is justified if it leads to increasing the power tion after generation, distinguish Woodson and the contributors to of man over nature and to the abolition of the power of man td and learned bourgeois pro­ the Journal of Negro History, over man. . . That is permissible. . . Which really leads to the fessors, historians ami publicists Beard’s fact's are s till wrong. The liberation bf ntdnkind. Since this 'end can be achieved only pcin'ed out a mass of lies, difetor- number of Negro soldiers and through revolution, the liberating Morality of the proletariat rions, falsifications of the his­ iabol'ers was infinitely greater of necessity is endowed with a revolutionary character. It ir­ tory of the Negro people in the than he thinks. But Iris whole reconcilably counteracts not only religious dogma but all kinds United States. conception falls short. The great of idealistic fetishes, these philosophic gendarmes of the ruling By so doing they helped to leadership of Negroes, educated class. It deduces a rule for conduct from the laws of the de­ provide the justification for the and uneducated, was not so much velopment of society, thus primarily from the class struggle, economic exploitation and social alter tHf Civil War as before it. TROTSKY this law of all laws.” < LENIN and political segregation of the ■— Leon Trotsky, Their Morals and Ours, 1938. 'Negroes by capitalist society. BASIC FOR UNDERSTANDING They helped to keep the Negro It may seem that the issue is people in a state of doubt and small. It is not. Without this demoralization about their own knowledge you cannot understand Memo to the A ÍL on Civil Rights capacity to participate as equals the Abolition movement. Beard in the life around them. is baffled by the Abolitionists. In At- your last convention, John P. Prey of was recently discharged from his clerk’s job These lies and falsifications, the Rise of American Civilization the Metal Trades Department introduced with the Veterans Administration under Tru­ taught in every school in the he says: “ The sources of this Resolution No. 92 on the government man's witch-hunt Order No. 9835 because country, built up and maintained remarkable movement are d if­ ficult to discover. Westermarck, “Loyalty Investigation” calling for the his political views happen to differ from among white workers the feeling of separation from the Negroes in two huge volumes devoted to rescinding of Truman’s witch-hunt Order those of tiie administration. Many A F L locals and superiority to them. They the history of moral ideas, gives No. 9835 because it “ has been conducted in as well as other labor bodies have rallied to were read abroad and this helped no clue to the inspiration of such violation of lawful and constitutional rights.” the defense-Of this veteran, Amderstancling as to make the shameful Jim Crow a ci’usade.” Both these gifted You passed this resolution unanimously. they do the importance o f the case in the policy of American sbeiety seem writers cannot understand how What has been done. since then to im ­ defense of the democratic rights upon which reasonable and natural,’ an in­ the Abolitionists came to be what evitable outcome of Negro in­ they were. plement this resolution which aimed at the very existence of organized’ labor hinges. feriority. To understand this you liaVe to Latest in the long series of frameups against Negro victims, six Trenton, N. J. youths havS putting the powerful Weight of the A FL But the AFL as a whole has "not been A ll This the Negroes had to know above all about the con­ been condemned to die for the alleged murder of a white man. The six were condemned on the fu lly behind the struggle to ‘force w ith ­ friobilized into action. fight. They began solely with the tributions of the Negroes,, the basis of “confessions” obtained through torture and drugs. Two “eyewitnesses” could not identi­ drawal of Truman’s infamous “loyalty” It would be difficult for you to find a case need to right their own historical escaped slaves who became World- fy the men or the alleged murder car. The murdered man’s wife changed her testimony. Evi­ order? Are you waiting for Truman to carry wrongs. But now after some famous propagandists, the escap­ dence requested by the defense to confirm the strong alibis offered by the defendants was sup­ at present that better symbolizes the danger ing 'slaves, the Underground out his campaign pledge on civil liberties? th irty years they have hot only pressed. Five of the six are shown here (left to right): Collis English, Ralph Cooper, James the government “ loyalty” purge and witch­ undermined the vast structure of Railroad, the constant slave Thorpe, McKinley FoifeSt and Horace Wilson. To wait for Truman to keep his campaign hunt holds for a free America. By taking bourgeois lies about Negroes. rebellions in the South, the bat­ promises appears to us to be a grave mistake. up this case you could dramatize in the most They have done more. They have tles over civil rights for escaped ‘ the Negro soldiers: “ Take two slaves, i.e., against Negro labor, moment, has bred a growing Truman w ill not rescind his fascist-like order effective w-ay the great concern the A F L has undermined the foundations of slaves in the North. These made hundred thousand men from our in the Civil W ar is only a special distrust of them. The direct in­ the Abolition movement what it unless he deems it politically advisable to do for the preservation of civil liberties. Such American historical writing, not side and put them on the battle­ case of the discrimination against fluence of the Stalinists on Negro so. And he will not reach that conclusion only about Negroes but about was and also what it . was not. field ior cornfield against us, and labor as a whole consistently historical Writing, which was .at action would bring enormous pressure to Thus a world - famous political pnless organizations of such standing as the crucial aspects of American his­ we would be compelled to abandon practised by bourgeois historians one time great, is declining. ;bear on Truman and greatly facilitate early tory. Most important of all, they creation of the American people, the war in three weeks.” the world over. The whole situation presents a AFL vigorously press for immediate action. the Abolition movement, remains realization of the highly desirable objective have given the proletariat an ex­ The Negro historians have History is never a history only powerful challenge both to thS You could, fo r example, take up the case ample to be followed. How and a mystery because of the re­ brought such truths back into of the past. It is always con­ genuine Marxists and the labor of James Kutcher, the legless veteran who embodied in vou"r resolution. why this is so is of extreme im­ jection of the Negroes as a his­ circulation. Against tremendous cerned with the present and movement as a whole. The Negro portance to Marxists and to all torical force. odds they have succeeded. therefore with the future. That historians have done a remark­ workers. One more example must be is why the bourgeois historians able work that extends beyond Peace--A Lull in War The Negro historians have had given. The Encyclopedia of the ALL OVER THE WORLD write as they do. But two can the w riting of history as such. a Special interest in the central Social Sciences, published in i934, What has happened to Ameri­ play at that game. Today same Their probings into the Abolition The M ilita n t has often pointed out how These ópen preparations for war áre out­ episode in American history, the has on its ’ lists of editors and can history by its degradation of the younger Negro historians movement w ill have great in­ lined in detail in the capitalist press even Civil War. No historical subject contributors, such names as of the Negroes is not unique to are delving into the Abolitionist fluence in helping to shape periods of peace are growing shorter and Sidney Hook, Lewis Corey, and down to the specific bombirig bases that w ill is more important for the nation, the United States. It is charac­ movement and the conflicts be­ future mass political movements shorter as capitalism declines. What was its cause, what were any number of liberal and pro­ teristic of history all over the tween whites and Negroes inside in the United States. But to do become available to the U.S. A ir Force and gressive historians, ex-Marxists, Up until the turn o f the century, wars the economic, social and .political world. It took the rise of the labor this movement. They are not this work as it ought to be done the approximate cost in dollars and cents. would-be Marxists, materialists and socialist movement in Europe between the imperialist powers ended in forces which led up to it, how doing this merely for history’s they need to master historical Could better evidence be found to confirm was it fought and won, what were etc. Yet the, article on American before the role played by the sake. They are seeking to find method, Marxism, the science of relatively stable periods of peace. Today the the Marxist analysis that capitalism cannot the consequences flowing from slavery by Ulrich Phillips con­ workers and the peasants in the answers, to the difficult relation jiistory as developed by Marx, tains the following about Negroes periods of peace resemble those lulls in war achieve enduring peace, that it can bring it? Without clear answers to all French Revolution a hundred between the special struggle for Trotsky, and other great prole­ when the opposing sides hold their positions this, it is impossible to make a In the Civil War: years before began to be made Negro emancipation and the tarian writers, not excluding the world only new and more terrible Avars “ In war time neither belligerent waiting for fresh supplies to mount a new- theoretical, a scientific analysis known. The American working- general struggles in the nation Daniel de Leon. That science to­ that threaten the destruction of civilization? found much use for Negroes. As class w ill have to follow the trail offensive. of the contemporary United as a whole. This was a serious day is corrupted by Stalinism Every class-conscious worker should study States. had been foretold in the South; blazed by the Negroes. Organized problem in 1840-1865. It is a hut. it is vigorously practised Thus the period of “ peace” we are now the meaning o f the North Atlantic Pact. they did not rise in insurrection labor w ill have to organize its serious problem today. by the Trotskyist movement in but remained peaceful and in­ enjoying is no more than a short breather Your life and that of your friends and rela­ GREAT CONTRIBUTIONS own societies for the study of the The Negroes have been im­ the United States and? all over communicado on the plantations. role of he workers and farmers so far as. the ruling capitalist’ class is con­ tives may hinge on the way the Senate votes Before the end of World War I pelled to this, among other the wovld. There is a fru itfu l field Tradition says that very many in the critical episodes of Am eri­ of mutual collaboration here by cerned. W ith the Marshall Plan they are on this proposed m ilitary alliance. Dr. Carter Woodson, as editor reasons, by the policies of the were obsequious and solicitous to can history. Negro historians and the genuine patching up the worst ruins left by World of the Journal of Negro History Stalinists. The Stalinists did some But it would be the greatest naivete to the end — faithful friends. . . . When this is done, and it w ill representatives of the great in­ and author of many books and very good work in the field of War II and reviving the battered capitalist believe that the Senate w ill reject the pact. There is no ground fo r doubting inevitably be done, the history tellectual tradition of Marxistri. articles, had begun his life-long Negro history. But here, as economies of Europe. The North Atlantic Most likely these Wall Street politicians will the truth of such reports.” of the United States w ill have to everywhere else, their manipula­ But here, as everywhere else, task of organizing and publish­ But Abraham Lincoln himself, Pact picks up where the Marshall Plan railroad it through in record time and With be rewritten from top to bottom. tion of economics, politics, his­ the most fundamental task can ing studies In Negro history in during the Civil War, said about The discrimination against Negro leaves off. Its aim is construction of a vast' a record vote in favor of it. general and some remarkable tory, to suit the policy of the be done by organized labor arid / organized labor alone. I t must ring of military bases around the Soviet Only one course can prevent World War studies on Negroes before and during the period of the Civil study the causes of the great Union, rearmament of the Western Powers III and that is to replace the government successes and the serious lim ita­ War. and mobilization of new armies from the of W all Street by a Workers and Farmers tions of the Negro historians. It To mention only one. In 1926 thinned ranks of Europe’s youth. Government. This will require heroic efforts. A New Book on the Life must recognize the need fo r labor • published a mighty volume to help the Negroes in the great The North Atlantic Pact is even designed It means giving up the comfortable notion of nearly 700 pages, The Mind of work that they have begun, “tp the Negro as Reflected in Letters to^by-pass the old legal1 hurdle that America’ that somehow or other war can be avoided subsidize it, to read it, to spread Written During the Crisis 180.0- cannot be committed to war without Con­ without taking action. O f Frederick Douglass its results. But organized labor 1860. Once and for all was estab­ gressional approval. It is an open secret that Every worker who wants enduring peace now has the power and the re­ lished in irrefutable form the Frederick Douglass by Benja­ Douglass’ turn to political action One wonders if the author realiz­ min Quarles, the Associated sources to begin such a n , in­ the W all Street rulers have already rhade a must help organize to achieve it. That means powerful role played by the and his break with Garrison’s sec­ ed the inferences that the reader Publishers, Inc., 1948, vi + 378 vestigation into American his­ deal with the other imperialist powers to joining the Socialist Workers Party and Negroes in the Abolitionist Move­ tarian anti-political position in cannot help but draw. pp., $4. tory as will right not only the plunge America into atomic war when the actively participating in the struggle against terms of possible opportunist mo­ Despite the faults which mar ment. wrongs of Negroes but will roufc tives. No attempt is made to eva­ this book it has the m erit of pre­ hour strikes. imperialist war and for a socialist world. In 1935 came the publication of By George Lavan the professors and historians Dr. DuBois’ Black Reconstruc­ luate the correctness or incorrect­ senting new information. The A new biography of Frederick ness of Douglass’ step in advan­ who have slandered all labor and /# tion. Dr. DuBois made some chapters describing Douglass’ Douglass has long been overdue. cing the destruction of slavery. deceived us and the rest of the serious mistakes which we cannot first and second (to a white wo­ A Stalinist Replies to the "Star The accounts of the fascinating The Closest the author comes to a world for so long. go into here, but the creative man) marriages are excellent. life of this runaway slave who be­ political evaluation of this central These had been “ decorously” pass­ The proletariat must fight the In 9n'e of the final issues of PM's successor, out. to make a point,,a small falsification like role of the Negroes in the great came one of the greatest orators, strategical problem in the Aboli­ capitalists in every field. Wheft crisis of American history was ed over by the early biographers. the liberal N. Y. Star which went out of that is the least to be expected. thinkers and leaders of the Aboli­ tionist crusade is the statement they suppress the_ truth about established with sound and b ril­ Also the author examines Doug­ business last week, the editor devoted his Howard claims that the Stalinist legal tionist movement have till now that “Douglass' position, in con­ lass’ failure to make an alliance Negroes and workers in Ainerij- liant scholarship and a genuine been available to the reader only tradistinction to that of Garrison, with the post-Civil War labor add can history they are fighting to column to the current thought-control trial lactic is justifiable because the Supreme Court sense of historical style. His in the old biographies or in nov­ was one of reform, rather than of agrarian movements. A ll this arid maintain their retting society. of 11 Communist Party leaders. cannot he trusted to hand down a favorable onslaught at the end of the book elized rew’orkirigs of the same revolution.” This thesis, first pro­ the wealth of collateral informa­ When the proletariat, as only thfe The Star Opined that the attempt of the decision on the Smith Act. To prove his upon some of the famous writers material. pounded’ by Booker T. Washing­ tion arid observations on the Abo­ proletariat can, opens up the road Stalinists to quash the indictment because of point, he digs into history: In the 1850’s on the period of the Civil War This is the firs t serious fu ll- ton, is suspect in motive and un­ litionist and Woman’s Rights that the Negro writers are so the Supreme Court "ruled in the Died Scott is a landmark in American his­ length'biographical study of Fred­ warranted by history. movements make this book worth patiently charting, another biased ju ry selection is "justifiable” and “ we torical writing. decison that chattel slavery Anust be upheld erick Douglass in almost half a ■ The book’s failure to present a critical reading by students of mighty blow w ill have been struck certainly don’t blame them for skirting a century. Previous biographies of Douglass as an integrated and un­ at the tottering tower of bour­ by every American.” In “later days” the EFFECT ON LIBERALS Negro history and by class con­ procedure that would mean a long and costly this great fighter for freedom derstandable personality flows scious workers. geois ideology. The time is ripe. journey to the Supreme Court for a test of Supreme Court did nothing to halt the So deep was the corruption o f were written either during his from the author’s contradictory ’history by the official historians the Smith Act.” frarneup of the Haymarket victims. Then lifetime or w ithin a dozen years attitudes toward his subject. Too came Tom Mooney; the Supreme Court that even the liberal and the of his death by men who had fe lt often Quarles leans over back- However, continued the editor, if the Stal­ pseudo-Marxist writers could not Visit your local headquarters of the “ kept him in jail for more than 20 years.” the living impact of his person­ ward’s to avoid any of the ele­ inist legal tactic should prove successful this escape its influence. The Rise of ality. And toq’ay these books are ments of hero-Worship which may And what about Sacco and Vanzetti? Did would regrettably leave the Smith Act still American Civilization by the late difficult to find. be charged against the early bio­ the liberals on % the Supreme Court bench oh the books for use against “ Communists Charles Beard, though not a Thus Quarles’ book is the firs t graphers of the great Negro SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY “ lift a finger” to save them? Marxist work, helped substanti­ view of Douglass through the eyes fighter. There is no Objection to AKRON — 4 So. Howard St.. 2nd fl. tant Labor Crub. 165 Main St. (next to and any other left wingers” ; inasmuch as ally to correct many misinter­ of modern historical scholarship, historical debunking, even though every afternoon 1 to 4 p. m. Meeting» Strand Theatre!. After that record on previous Supreme Sunday 2 p. m. NEW HAVEN — 6 Church St.. Room the Supreme Court would not be given an pretations of the Civil War. When i t is obvious that the w riter is a one might argue the need is not 311. Telephone: 7-8780. Open W ed. and Courts, you get braced for the jaw-smasher— BAI/HMORR—H21 E. Baltimore 8t. Fri., 8-10:30 p. m. Literature available. opportunity to rule on its constitutionality. he called the Civil War “ The painstaking scholar who studied to debunk Douglass today but to 3rd floor, front. Phone WOlfo 9321M. the refusal of the present Supreme Court Second American Revolution” and all known source material on make him known to high school Open dally 5-9 p.m. MILITANT and NEWARK—423 Springfield AT©. Phot» If you know the precedents .under the FOURTH INTERNATIONAL on «ale. Bigelow 3.2574, Reading room. Open three times to rule on the constitutionality wrote of it as such, he took the Douglass and brought to light a and college students of history BOSTON—Worker« Educational Center. d a ily , 12-4 and 7-10 D.m. Smith Act, you can’t help asking: Do these of the Smith Act in the case of the 18 Trot­ writing of American history a good deal hitherto unknown. Any who have yet to hear his, name. SO Btuart St., open Mon. 5:30-9:00 p. m.. N E W Y O R K C IT Y (H q .)—116 U n it© « * Wed. 7-10 p. m. Ity l’l. Phone GR. 5-8149. . liberals really pay attention to what is student of Douglass -or the Abo­ But the debunker should ju stify EAST SIDE—251 E. Houston Bt. skyists. But a Stalinist hack would sooner step forward. But read the book BUFF/LI'O—M ilitant Forum. 829. Main happening in the struggle for civil liberties? with the Work of Woodson or litionist movement w ill have to his destruction of previously-held Phone MAdîsôn 38Ô0. E v e ry 1st f l. , bite off his tongue than mention this prece­ St.. 2nda fi. H A R L E M —103 W . 110 S t., R m . 31 Don’t they know that the Supreme Court DuBois in mind. Beard does not put this volume on his “ must” list. views and substantiate his owir afternoon except Sun. Phone MO. 2-1866. Open discussion. dent. know the role played by the position. In this volume the de­ CHICAGO—777 W. Adams (corner Hal- Thurs.. 8 p. m. has refused three times to rule on the con­ UNCERTAIN ATTITUDE bunking is often by implication sted). Phono Dearborn 2-4767. Daily ex­ BR O N X —1034 Prospect A t ©., l» t f l . And so this ornament to Staliriist journal­ Negroes before, during or after cept Sun.. 11:30 to 3:30; or phone (or Phone L U . 9-0101. stitutionality of the Smith Act? Don’t they I t should’ be stated, however, B R O O K LY N —635 F a lto n 8 t. Fhon© ism does not even mention the Supreme the Civil War-. rather than proof. an appointment. that this is by far not the defini­ ST. 8-7438, . . . know that 18 Trotskyists were imprisoned In a later book, A Basic His­ CLEVELAND — Pecks Hall, 1446 E. C H E L S E A — 130 W . 23rd St. Phon© Court action in the case of the 18 T rot­ tive biography of the greatest Ne­ FALSE APPROACH 52nd St. (o ft W ade P k. A ve.) M o nth ly OH. 2-9434. under the Smith Act on virtually the same tory of the United States, skyists! He refuses to use the most powerful gro leader in United States his­ For instance, in the chapter Public Forum, 1st Sun.,'8 P. M. OAKLAND tCal.)—Writ© P. O. Bat published in 1944, he tries to 1351, O akland 4. charges as those now being pressed against argument in the arsenal against placing trust tory. This is pot because of any dealing with the outbreak of hos­ D E T R O IT —6108 Llnw ood Ave. Phone correct the omission. He repeats TY 7-0-67. Mon. through Sat., 12-5 p. m. PHILADELPHIA — 1303-05 W . Girard the Stalinists? lack of material about Douglass tilities between the North and the ave.. 2nd fi. Phone Stevenson 4-5820, in the Suprerrie Court — an argument that FLINT—Socialist Workers Party Hall, the legend about the m ajority of South, the author describes Doug­ Open daily. Forum, Fri.. 8 p. m. Last Sunday, Jan. 30, the Stalinist news­ might have convinced the Star and its 140,- but rather because of the author’s 215 E. N in th S treet. Phone: 2-2496. Negroes in the South having been uncertainty about Douglass’ his­ lass’ reaction as follows: ‘‘I f hos­ Open House Saturday evenings. PITTSBURGH—1418 Fifth At«., 2nd fl, paper, The Worker, ran a reply by one 000 readers to exert greater efforts in sup­ faithful to their masters and LOS ANGELES—Militant Puhl. Asm.. Tues.. Wed., Fri., 7 to 9 p. m., forums. torical position and character and tilities continued indefinitely, the Room 325, 124 W . 6th St. Phone V A ndyke Sun., 4 {>. m. Milton Howard. This champion of civil port of the defense in this thought-contrbl mistresses during the Civil War. about the dynamics of the Aboli­ Negro problem, in its Various ’ 8061. SAN FR A N C IS C O —1739 F illm o re A t ©., Then he adds Self-consciously, B A N PED RO —M ilita n t. 1008 8. P a cific 4th fl. Phon© F I. 6-0410. D a ily except liberties found the “ logic” of the Star case. tionist movement. guises, would assume increasing Sup., 12-4:30 p. m. “There Were exceptions, to be proportions, and as the nation’s Room 214. editorial both “horrifying” and "fantastic.” If you ask us, Howard’s reply was intended While the reader closes the vol­ SEATTLE—Maynard Bldg., 1st A t*., stlre, thousands of exceptions. A t ume w ith much knowledge about most articulate colored man, he LYNN, (Mass.)—M ilitant Pub'l Ass’n. South & W ashington. Phone M a in »278. W hat! the Star "insists that the Communists not so much to answer the Star as to bolster 44 Oentrel Ave., office open Tues., Wed. Mon. through Sat., 12-5 p. m. Bran oh least 100,000.4*1egroes had served Douglass and his multifarious ac­ [Douglass] would shine in reflect­ 7:30-9:30 p. m. shall submit themselves to the mercies of a meeting. Fri., Ip . a Library, bookstore, up the Daily Worker’s insistence that the in the Uriion'armies as soldiers tivities, he does not finish the last ed importance. The prospect of M IL W A U K E E —917 N . 3rd S t., 3rd fi. 'S T . L O tt S — 1023 N. G rand B lv d .. R m . ‘test’ to see if there can be a police state in and laborers. . ; . In the South position and preferment put him Sun. through Fri., 7:30-9:30 p. m. Phone 312. M ilita n t Forum s. T h u rs.. 7-80-10 p.m . ciirrent Stalinist ease "is the first time in page w ith a clear picture of the H opkins 2-5337. ST. I*A C l ,— 540 .Cedar . St. Phone Gaia the United States” ? Ahierica’s century and a half that a political as well as the North, hundreds kina' of man Douglass was or in high spirits. ...” This kind of -2-9645. fie ld 1137. Open d a ily. Bookstore. of Negroes, intelligent and where Douglass stands historical­ posthumous mind reading, for ■MliiNEAPOLIS—10 So. 4th St. Phone TOLEDO — Monthly open meeting, The Star didn’t "insist” ; it specifically party is put on tria l.” M ain 7784. D a ily except Sun., 10 a. m .- second Saturday, 8 V. m., Kappa Hall, educated, furnished some leader­ ly in relation to the o'iher giants which :the author is able to fur­ 6 p. m. Library. bookstore. 413 S um m it.' Rim. 5. admitted that the Stalinist tactic was If history happens to say otherwise, too bad nish no evidence, opens -Douglass YO UNG STO W N — 334 H . F ederal Btw ship fo r their bewildered people.” of Abolitionism — Garrison land NEW BRITAIN, (Conn.)—M ilitant Dis­ Phone 3-1355. W ed., F r i., B at., 1 ;M to "justifiable." But when a Stalinist hack is for history. Despite the work of DtfBois and Phillips. The author describes tb charges of rankest careerism. mission Group «Very Fri. 7:30 p.m. MU1- I d. ID. The Saga of the 10e. Fare t h e MILITANT By Robert Chester San Francisco’s long-suffering car riders have Mayor Robinson opposed the increase on the VOLUME X III M O N DA Y, FEB R U A R Y 7, 1949 N U M B ER $ something new to think about as they squeeze, ground that service had not been improved — bounce and jostle on their way to work. A ll who enough to warrant it. The motion was voted down “ swing and sway with the Muni Railway’’ must by the Board of Supervisors, an elected body, by now pay ten cents fo r the privilege instead of a vote of six to four. three tokens fo r a quarter. This is the third Thus the matter rested until one James Hurst, increase since Sept. 1944 and how it happened is president of the Municipal Conference, a tax­ a fascinating aspect of local transportation payers organization, petitioned the State Supreme Democrats and Republicans transactions over the years. Court to invalidate the action of the Supervisors. U ntil 1945 the municipal system competed with The taxpayers, he claimed, would have to pay the private Market St. Railway, charging five for the deficit, thus compelling them to support cents while the MSR charged seven. The city a burden which should be borne 'by those who could have taken the system over because of the ride the cars. This was unfair. The court saw Combine to Save Filibuster MSR’s failure to keep the street - paving and the point and voted six to one, backing the By Albert Parker tracks in repair. But that would .have caused decision of the U tilities Commission. The Com­ “ undue hardship” to the stockholders who earned mission then voted unanimously Kf) raise the fare, Filibustering must be outlawed in the U. S. Senate if civil a nice steady income from their shares while the while Mayor Robinson and the Board of Super­ rights legislation is to be passed, but both capitalist parties are rolling stocks and tracks went to the dogs. The visors, still expressing their disapproval, claimed united in opposing any change in rules that would really bar administration of shipping magnate Mayor Roger their hands were tied. filibusters. That is the sum and •> Lapham arranged a deal. The city “ bought” the Undoubtedly, as we have seen after each fare substance of the hearings by the grams last week complaining MSR out. raise, some private firm will now offer to take Senate Rules Committee, which about “ the strange apathy and Fares on the municipal railway were imme­ over the system and run it fo r the “ benefit oi were closed Feb. 1. silence of Democrats during hear­ diately raised to seven cents to make things even the community” at a “fair profit.” The next The Senate is often described as ings on amendment of Senate all the way arouhd. Bond issues were floated to election w ill probably be accompanied by a the “last wholly free forum” in rules.. . Not one Democrat has as pay o ff the MSR stockholders. These bonds were propaganda campaign to the effect that this the world, the “greatest legisla­ yet fought for or even spoken out bought up by the banks at a “fair rate” of in­ city-owned system, acquired by generously com­ tive body” in history, and so on. to end filibusters.” terest. pensating a bankrupt capitalist enterprise, con­ But the truth is that in this The Southern Democrats, acting Under 'city management the old equipment trolled by a capitalist-minded Utilities Coir “ chamber of democracy” the ma­ as though the Dixiecrats had won still broke down, accidents increased and service mission, with its fares regulated by the capitalist jo rity of the members generally the election, were arrogant as declined. Motormen were warned of their accident courts in the interests of the well-padded “tax­ cannot even vote on a measure ever, making threats to tie up all ratings, expensive transportation experts were payers,” is nothing but a “ dangerous experiment without the consent of the minor­ business i f they did not have their way. Stennis of Mississippi had called in and grand plans were laid. That cost ■ in socialism.” ity. the effrontery to make two pro­ money. Mounting costs necessitated another slight The workers who put up with the poor service, Thus the Southern minority, posals in the guise of “ conces­ increase of fare. Three tokens for a quarter crowding and discomforts were at no time con­ usually abetted by non-Southern- sions” — first, to permit closure sulted. The carmen’s unions whose members are ers of both parties, has fo r de­ would suffice to solve all the ills of the system. by m ajority vote on measures Transportation was a big issue in the 194T” held responsible fo r poor service and accidents cades blocked a vote on legislation to punish lynching, end the poll having to do with foreign policy elections when Elmer (“ 1 have a plan” ) Robinson were never considered. In fact, the idea that they tax, etc., by talking or threaten­ only; and second, to permit clos­ was elected Mayor. A ll the candidates for that could run the system better than high-salariec ure at any time, on any issue, i f “experts” is completely abhorrent to the ad­ ing to talk indefinitely until the office except the Trotskyist Frank Barbaria ap­ m ajority agreed not to consider 86 of the 96 Senators favored it. ministration. A ll they are asked is to bear their proved raising a final bond issue to pay o ff the the legislation. The most element­ The surprising thing is that some Market St. stockholders. burdens in silence. ary concept of democracy — that non-Southern Senators seemed to Soon big developments took place. More cars Meanwhile the tinkle of dimes in fare boxes which the m ajority should rule — give favorable attention to these were junked and a single track put down Market makes pleasant music to the “ wronged” tax­ gives way to unbrindled minority as “ compromises!” St. Trolley buses and gas buses replaced some payers. But they still want justice and seem rule, masquerading under the The Senate committee is pre­ of the antiquated cars. Again came a cry for a determined to get it. To prepare fo r any even­ name of “ freedom of speech.” paring the following proposition: fare increase—“ the system was running in the tuality the U tilities Manager has ordered thal The indignation of the people, To permit closure at any point red.” Over the opposition of consumers, labor six million tokens be kept in reserve fo r any repeatedly frustrated by this when two-thirds of the Senate organizations and m inority partieSj the Public future revision in the fare. Knowing these gentle­ travesty of democracy from se­ approves. The alibi w ill be: U tilities Commission voted three to two to in­ men we can assume that they have begun the curing the legislation they want, “ That’s the best we can get under crease rates. campaign fo r a 121^ cent fare. budget dollar, actually add up to a lc expansion of existing social welfare expenditures. has compelled’ the 81st Congress the present circumstances.” to at least make some gestures But the Senate’s best is not in the direction of correcting the good enough. Since it w ill not situation. But that’s all they prevent filibusters by the South­ Letter to a Student have been — gestures. ern Senators, m inority rule w ill According to the present rules, continue to obstruct action on civil Clamors it is possible to get closure (close rights legislation. 0,n the whole, By Grace Carlson of debate) in the Senate by a two- despite blustering, the Southern Your letter inquires about the “ necessity of mental health—40% of all young men from 18 thirds vote. But this has been in­ Democrats w ill, accept such a medical reform in the United States.” This is a to 35, the prime of life. terpreted in practice to apply only “ compromise” because i t won’t Jag problem and I will not pretend to answer it 3. One out of every 22 persons in the United CP Trial to close of debate on a pending hamper their power. fd lly in one letter. But inasmuch as a more States spends time in a hospital for the mentally “ measure” and not on a motion And that’s why the workers and rounded personal discussion on the subject seems ill. (Continued from Page 1) Eighteen Trotskyists were im­ born fact showing the real atti­ to bring up a measure. Thus if Negroes cannot and should not prisoned during the war under the tude of the Supreme Court to­ to be ruled out for the moment, let me jot down 4. Twelve thousand mothers die every year in of four grand juries apiece. Big someone makes a motion to bring accept this proposition either. To same thought-corttrol law now ward thought-control in this coun­ a few ideas. childbirth. Over 100,000 babies die annually be Business dYew four royal flushes up an FEPC bill, a filibuster can­ prevent filibustering in general, used against the Stalinists. The try. fore the end of their first year. in a row, as somebody said in the not be stopped even by two-third's the Senate w ill have to face, meet In reply to your question as to whether the Stalinists supported the .govern­ The 18 Trotskyists appealed 5. Every year, 14,000 children die of whooping courtroom. The last few jurors to vote. Under those circumstances and defeat a filibuster to prevent proposed Dingell-Murray B ill is “ really social­ ment’s attack on the Trotskyists three times to the Supreme Court cough, measles, diphtheria and’ scarlet fever; 4,000 testify were extremely hostile and the Senate could never get to the abolition of filibustering. The ism,” I would give an emphatic No! In fact, I and" tried by every foul means to and were three times refused a from tuberculosis; 19,000 from diarrhea and smart alecky. They must have consideration of the FE’PC bill sooner this is done, the better. might use the words of Federal Security Ad­ sabotage the struggle against hearing, while 18 men and women dysentery; 35,000 from influenza and pneumonia; been briefed by the Wall Street itself (where a two-thirds vote The sooner it is begun, the sooner ministrator Oscar Ewing, who says that the that frameup. served prison terms because the 4,000 from cardiac conditions. lawyers and given an old-fashion­ ,could bring about closure). it w ill be finished. I f the Senate proposed national health insurance program is political party in power disliked Upon the heads of the American Medical Asso ed college pep-talk to go in there Again speaking correctly, Gold­ The Senate Rules Committee is serious, it can smash such a “ no more socialistic than fire insurance.” their ideas, the nine life-termers filibuster and amehd’ the rules to ciation bureaucrats and the system of private and fig h t fo r dear old Big Busi­ smith says not just the Stalinist held an open hearing on thè prob­ Of course, the bureaucratic American Medical on the Supreme Court sat in si­ make them impossible in the fu ­ medicine and private enterprise fo r which they ness. defendants but rather 140 million lem, at which only Senators could Association does not agree with this estimation. people whose rights are imperil­ lence. The Stalinists applauded testify. The proposal to amend the ture. speak rests the terrible responsibility fo r these The capitalist press is seeking 'Their vociferous spokesman, Morris Fishbein, led w ill sit in the prisoners’ dock. them fo r it. rules so that a m ajority could The Southern Democrats would wasted lives! to bury these damning facts about describes this Truman-sponsored bill as “ the first But he fails to add that among Writing, on this question in the end debate on any matter, motion rally all their energy and forces These are emotionally-tinged words, to be sure jury-rigging under a barrage of step towards socialization of the entire United the same millions, who also sat Jan. 29 Nation, Robert Bendiner as well as measure, was never fo r such a fight, but that would but how else can one speak of the horrors of want hysterical red-baiting. Take States economy.” As a Marxist, I am a profound in the prisoners’ dock w ith the 18 says that although the Supreme even discussed seriously. Most only make their defeat all the in the midst of potential plenty? events last Friday, for example. believer in the necessity of socializing the “ entire Trotskyists, were the rank and Court rejected the appeal of the non-Southern Senators don’t fa­ more conclusive. And their de­ If you find it possible to stop in to visit us, I Court opened Friday with the United States economy” if the world is to be file of the Communist Party. Trotskyists, “it does not follow vor such a “ radical” move be­ feat would be certain because the can weight you down w ith leaflets and pamphlets morning papers screaming about saved from atomic disaster, but I know that the The Stalinist leaders betrayed that the course the court took in cause they feel that some day they dramatic tie-up of all business in and statistics favoring the Wagner. B ill and a the House Un-American Commit­ initiative fo r such a revolutionary move w ill tee’s charge that the primary aim their own rank and file in that war time would be the one adopt­ too might Be in a position where the Senate would result in such program of socialized medicine. We are fo r the never come from Harry Truman or any other of the Stalinists is “ espionage” fight and helped the government ed now.” I d'on’t know whether they wouldn’t want the majority an outcry from the masses — in Wagner Bill as a forward step on the road representative of the American capitalist class. and trumpeting news of the arrest establish a precedent for the pres­ Bendiner is a Social'Democrat or to rule. the South as well as the North — toward better health for American workers. I ent thought-control attack on the an ADA liberal. It makes little Aside from this consideration, that even the Bourbons would H arry Truman’s Fair Deal, like F. D. Roose­ in this city of Sam Carr, a Can­ hope that you will support this bill in your adian Stalinist, who is held for de­ Communist Party. difference because both think very most Republicans are leery of the have to give heed and to back velt’s New Deal, is only an attempt to make the college paper. Goldsmith refers to people op­ much alike — muddle-headed and idea of closure by m ajority vote track. millions of American workers believe that capital­ portation to Canada to face “ spy” Far more important, l hope that you will come charges. posed to the thought-control at­ with Micawber-like faith in capi-, because they are hoping sooner Filibustering can be smashed ism can bring them health, and security and a to see that only under socialism w ill we have a Later in the day Judge Medina tack on the Stalinists who say: talist “ democracy.” or later in the present session to but only if its opponents in the chance fo r happiness—or, as the Declaration of real program of socialized medicine. In a social­ announced he had received hostile Let the trial proceed and depend History has proven again and cement an alliance w ith the Senate really want to do it. Independence puts it, “ the rig h t to life, liberty ist society, doctors w ill be freed from the fetters letters, some marked with red upon the Supreme Court to knock again that reliance on the Su­ Southern Democrats and d'on’t Neither capitalist party want? to. and the pursuit of happiness.” But in its declin­ of private profit. They w ill be able to apply pencil. He added that accusations out the Smith Act. His only an­ preme Court to protect civil rights want to offend them too much at That’s why, side by side with the ing days American capitalism cannot do any of the benefits of modern science to all who need by defense counsel that he is pre­ swer is that every democratic is a trap. The fig h t against this point. struggle for democratic rule in these things. What is the proof? medical care—and in the measure in which each judiced might be creating a wrong tradition is destroped when men thought-control prosecutions must As fo r the Democrats, NAACP the Senate and for civil rights Here is the record of private medicine in the one needs it. In the socialist society, health will impression about the administra­ must face tria l fo r their id’eas. begin right now, on all fronts, Secretary Walter White, an ar­ throughout the nation, must go richest country in the world: not be just a negative thing, i.e., the absence of tion of justice in the trial. Here That is true. But he deliberate­ and continue until the infamous dent Trumanite, was compelled to the struggle for the formation of 1. Twenty-three million persons have some pain or disability. We will return to the original was plenty of fodder fo r the next ly fails to mention a big and stub­ Smith Act is repealed. send Truman and Barkley tele- an independent Labor Party. chronic disease or impairment—one out of five. Anglo-Saxon meaning of the word “health” — editions of the papers, and the 2. Five million young men were rejected for wholeness. Under socialism we w ill offer a whole, evidence about the packed juries war service because of inadequate physical or full, long, rich and productive life to all. was more or less lost in the shuf­ fle. In the press room a newspaper T R IM A N ’ S BILL NO BAR TO USE OF INJUNCTIONS photographer asked, “ How cpme (Continued from page 1) offer it any real opposition if it Fourth International. Its careful ¿¡essions in return fo r major con­ the high-and-mighty FBI was so study by union militants will cessions, rather than by demand­ 'Democrat’ and Smith Act Another restrictive provision re­ is passed in its present form — cooperative on the Sam Carr ing that they be the only ones to quires that disputes over exist­ which is by no means certain. serve as a guide for the struggle deal ?” His buddy replieed, “ I f the to preserve the independence and make concessions; by offering By Sam Taylor guy’s a red, the sky’s the lim it.” ing contracts be submitted to The union leaders had asked Truman fo r a two-package deal, militancy of the labor movement. them a junior partnership if they “The present trial of the twelve Communist from a political ignoramus or a conscious liar: Meantime the Stalinists have “final and binding” arbitration. which would repeal the Taft Act w ill cooperate, rather than by leaders is an unusual development,” says L. “In order to counteract the new communist published a pamphlet on the trial These provisions definitely em­ HARD COP, SOFT COP and restore the Wagner Act be­ threatening them with the loss of Fogelman, political “ expert” of the Social Demo­ danger, in order to protect themselves against — “ Ideas Behind Bars,” by Len power the NLIMB to use injunc­ fore any amendments were con­ Briefly stated, this is the everything if they won’t. cratic Jewish Daily Forward on Jan. 25. “ It is the communist ‘fifth-column,’ it was necessary Goldsmith — put out in the name tions and to order compulsory sidered. Truman chose to follow situation: A fte r the war, the unusual, if only because America, as a free, for the democratic countries to pass new laws, of the Civil Rights Congress. In arbitration. In comparison with DEADLY DANGERS a single-package procedure, which capitalist class set out to estab­ democratic country, does not,usually occupy itself that would defend the democratic system. And, it you will find a Stalinist con­ the Wagner Act, they considerably leaves the unions under the lish “ class peace” by the methods The workers are faced with with political trials. Where political freedom to this end, America, also passed a special law spiracy to suppress facts impor­ extend the power of the govern­ of the “ hard cop.” The aim was dangers under this policy no less tant to their own defense and the disadvantages of the T aft Act exists, there is, of course, no room for political (the ‘Smith Act’), which is being invoked for the ment to intervene in and regulate to put the unions “in their deadly than those that were usual quota o'f outright lies. and weakens their bargaining trials; because in a free country no one is first time and applied in the trial of the com­ the internal affairs of the labor place’’ ; to make their leadership presented by the T aft Act, Goldsmith correctly states that position while the debate goes on. persecuted either fo r his political convictions or munist leaders.” (Our emphasis.) movement. more conciliatory and conserva­ namely. 1. The growth of class- the day any man goes to ja il for This opens the way for the adop­ for his political activities.” That is exactly the same lie that is being collaboration pi’actices that un­ advocating opinions not in con­ In case of important strikes, tion of T-H amendments to T ru­ tive; to instill the workers with spread by the Stalinists, although fo r different dermine the fighting spirit of the I t so happens that American history is filled form ity with those of the major­ the administration would be man’s bill, and puts him in a a feeling of dependence on the reasons. The Stalinists keep mum about the workers and prepare the ground with "unusual, developments” of this kind. There ity, on that day democratic gov­ authorized to declare a “ national position to sign virtually any bill good w ill of the employers and famous Minneapolis Trial, in which 18 leaders of with a sense of their own subor­ fo r a new T aft Act and a new was Haymarket, and what followed. The per­ ernment in this country has been emergency,” requiring a 30-day finally adopted by Congress as a the Socialist Workers Party were sent to jail dinate position in society; to offensive of the capitalists when sistent hounding of Altgeld. The persecution of overthrown. Then he says, “ That “ cooling-off” period and setting “ lesser evil” and “ only alterna­ under the Smith Act, because they don’t want weaken the unions by reducing the workers’ resistance is dis­ Debs. The years of political trials of socialists, this day w ill never come to Amer­ up a board to make recommenda­ tive” to the existing Taft'Act. their sympathizers to recall that the Stalinists their bargaining power while persed. anarchists, IW W ’s. The famous case where the ica is the goal of the Civil Rights tion w ithin 25 days. This provi­ supported the government in that trial and Moves to “ stiffen” the bill are raising that of the corporations. 2. Acceleration of the trend N. Y. Legislature refused to seat fiVe elected Congress.” The latter statement sion, which replaced the T-H opposed the efforts of the labor movement to sure to get strong backing from The method adopted was the toward the integration of the members of the Socialist Party. The Mooney- is a brazen lie. authorization for 80-day injunc­ help the defendants smash the Smith Act. The Democrats as well as Republicans. Taft-Hartley Act. union movement into the ma­ Billings case and the Sacco-Vanzetti case. The tions, does not stipulate any Social Democrat Fogelman suppresses the facts Since Truman^ voluntarily made The 1948 elections showed that chinery of the capitalist state, infamous Lusk Laws and the Palmer raids (in­ penalties fo r non-compliance. about the precedent-setting Minneapolis case too use of T-H injunctions on many it failed to do what was intended. which would utterly deprive them cluding a .raid on the Social-Democratic Rand "Socialist Workers Tobin says the administration because it isn’t in accord with his “ democratic” occasions and since he removed The capitalists had underesti­ of their independent role as School). The denial of political freedom to “un­ will rely on “public opinion” to analysis and because he wants to quiet the fears Party - What It Is - some “teeth” from his own bill mated the resistance as well as defender of tile workers’ class orthodox” teachers, students and writers. The compel settlement of disputes of the Forward readers who are alarmed fby the only at the last minute and under the union-consciousness of the interests and transform them into political discrimination against the Negro peo­ What It Stands For" under this provision. In the back­ spread of thought-control. This isn’t the first strong labor prodding, it is un­ workers, and provoked a reaction mere appendages of the capitalist- ple. The “ subversive” list, resulting in the poli­ ground, of course, w ill be the time that Social Democrats have peddled falsi­ Who rules America? Who likely that he will really crack the that could lead to the intensifica­ government. tical victimization of legless veteran James “ im plicit” injunction and seizure fications invented by the Stalinists, and it won’t are the “informal, invisible, whip to force all Democrats to tion of the class struggle and its These dangers, which are in­ Kuteher. And that’s only a very small part of powers referred to by Clark and be the last time either. Social Democrats and shadow” figures behind the vote fo r his measure in its present extension onto the field of poli­ creased by the policies of the the list. Humphrey. Stalinists basically have more in common than White House? What future do foym. tics in the form of à labor party union leaders and their liberal they plan for America? Whaf Dodging these well-known facts because th ey, they have in dispute. UNION LEADERS CONTENT Despite Truman’s duplicity and challenging the two-party system allies, must be combatted vigor­ do the inside works of capital­ don’t jibe with his declaration about “unusual­ Fogelman’s crude effort to whitewash the gov­ Despite its dangerous loopholes, the likelihood that Cofigress w ill for power. ously. The starting point fo r this ism look like? Where is the ness,” Fogelman says: “ The chief question is ernment’s assault on democratic rights is printed the Truman bill is no worse than modify the bill, the fact remains The Truman bill is a recogni­ fight should be opposition to Tru­ capitalist system headed ? simply whether there exists at present any basis in a newspaper that daily carries in its masthead measures which some labor lead­ that it represents a concession tion of this fact. It is also an man’s bill and a struggle for the How w ill socialism work out? fo r such a political tria l in America, and whether the unforgettable words of Karl Marx: “Work­ ers had voluntarily offered to to the labor movement and will attempt by the administration to restoration of the Wagner Act, What inspires the members of this: type of a trial jeopardizes the political ers of the World, U nite!” and “ The Freedom of support; Dubinsky;* for example, be regarded as such by the work­ achieve by “ soft-cop” methods with no ifs, ands or buts. The the Socialist Workers Party? freedom and the country’s democratic system.” the Workers is the Task of the Workers Alone!” had asked fo r the retention of ers, at least fo r a time. most of the ends which the Taft- premise for this struggle should And how does this great democrat — pardon, How little the Forward has in common w ith the These questions answered the anti - communist affidavit This development was predicted Hartley Act could not achieve be the need to apply curbs not to Social Democrat — answer this question? Is he, spirit of Marxism is shown not only by Fogel­ by Joseph Hansen in this along with other restrictive and analyzed in the resolution on with the present relationship of the labor movement, which repre­ perchance, disturbed even a little over the turn man’s article but also by a “ democratic” ad on 32-page pamphlet. Send for clauses. The union leaders, on “ The Election Results and the class forces.. sents the interests of the vast o f events in the U. S.? Page 7 of the same issue (Chicago edition): your copy. 10c the whole, are well-satisfied with Tasks of the SW!P,” adopted by I t seeks to secure “ class peace” majority, but to the rule of the Not at all. He openly defends the Smith Act' “ Colored help fo r day, or week, women and men, PIONEER PUBLISHERS Truman’s bill. While for tactical thè SJVF National Committee by. placating the labor leaders, rapacious capitalist class which and its present application and couples his fo r housework, dish washers, factory labor. Call 116 University PL, New York 3, reasons they are objecting to one last December and printed in the rather than by antagonizing them; is out to dominate the whole defense w ith a statement that could come only WAgner 4-6964.” New York or another clause, they w ill not February issue,of the magazine, by granting them minor con- world.