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Nber Working Paper Series the Impact of the General
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE IMPACT OF THE GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATION ON INTERNET INTERCONNECTION Ran Zhuo Bradley Huffaker kc claffy Shane Greenstein Working Paper 26481 http://www.nber.org/papers/w26481 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 November 2019 The authors are grateful to the Doctoral Office at Harvard Business School for financial support for field work. This research is partially supported by NSF OAC-1724853, NSF C-ACCEL OIA-1937165, U.S. AFRL FA8750-18-2-0049. The views and conclusions do not necessarily represent those of the Air Force Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, or the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2019 by Ran Zhuo, Bradley Huffaker, kc claffy, and Shane Greenstein. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. The Impact of the General Data Protection Regulation on Internet Interconnection Ran Zhuo, Bradley Huffaker, kc claffy, and Shane Greenstein NBER Working Paper No. 26481 November 2019 JEL No. L00,L51,L86 ABSTRACT The Internet comprises thousands of independently operated networks, where bilaterally negotiated interconnection agreements determine the flow of data between networks. The European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) imposes strict restrictions on processing and sharing of personal data of EU residents. Both contemporary news reports and simple bilateral bargaining theory predict reduction in data usage at the application layer would negatively impact incentives for negotiating interconnection agreements at the internet layer due to reduced bargaining power of European networks and increased bargaining frictions. -
Protection and Transmission of Chinese Nanyin by Prof
Protection and Transmission of Chinese Nanyin by Prof. Wang, Yaohua Fujian Normal University, China Intangible cultural heritage is the memory of human historical culture, the root of human culture, the ‘energic origin’ of the spirit of human culture and the footstone for the construction of modern human civilization. Ever since China joined the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2004, it has done a lot not only on cognition but also on action to contribute to the protection and transmission of intangible cultural heritage. Please allow me to expatiate these on the case of Chinese nanyin(南音, southern music). I. The precious multi-values of nanyin decide the necessity of protection and transmission for Chinese nanyin. Nanyin, also known as “nanqu” (南曲), “nanyue” (南乐), “nanguan” (南管), “xianguan” (弦管), is one of the oldest music genres with strong local characteristics. As major musical genre, it prevails in the south of Fujian – both in the cities and countryside of Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou – and is also quite popular in Taiwan, Hongkong, Macao and the countries of Southeast Asia inhabited by Chinese immigrants from South Fujian. The music of nanyin is also found in various Fujian local operas such as Liyuan Opera (梨园戏), Gaojia Opera (高甲戏), line-leading puppet show (提线木偶戏), Dacheng Opera (打城戏) and the like, forming an essential part of their vocal melodies and instrumental music. As the intangible cultural heritage, nanyin has such values as follows. I.I. Academic value and historical value Nanyin enjoys a reputation as “a living fossil of the ancient music”, as we can trace its relevance to and inheritance of Chinese ancient music in terms of their musical phenomena and features of musical form. -
Enzymes Are Nature's Catalysts, Featuring High Reactivity, Selectivity
************************* Report Title************************************* Dr. Yao Chen Full Professor personal State Key Laboratory of Medicinal photograph Chemical Biology College of Pharmacy Nankai University Tianjin, China 300071 Phone: 01186-18222132527 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Enzymes are nature’s catalysts, featuring high reactivity, selectivity, and specificity under mild conditions. Enzymatic catalysis has long been of great interest to chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. However, the use of enzymes for industrial applications is often handicapped by their low operational stability, difficult recovery, and lack of reusability under operational conditions. Immobilization of enzymes on solid supports can enhance enzyme stability as well as facilitate separation and recovery for reuse while maintaining activity and selectivity. As new classes of crystalline solid- state materials, porous frameworks materials (such as covalent-organic frameworks, COFs and metal-organic frameworks, MOFs) feature high surface area, tunable pore size, high stability, and easily tailored functionality, which entitle them as ideal supports for encapsulation of biomolecules to form novel composite materials for various applications. Our researches mainly focus on their biocatalysis, biomimetic and medicinal applications. This novel platform based on those biomolecule-incorporation composite materials exhibited various functionality and superior separation efficiency, biocatalytic performances and great potentials on biopharmaceutical formulations. Brief Biography Dr. Yao Chen obtained master degree from Nanjing Tech University, then obtained Ph.D degree from University of South Florida. After finished a posdoc training at UC San Diego, she moved back to China, and is now a full professor of State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy at Nankai University. Her research interest mostly focuses on incorporating biomolecule into porous supports (e.g. -
Cultural Assimilation During the Age of Mass Migration*
Cultural Assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration* Ran Abramitzky Leah Boustan Katherine Eriksson Stanford University and NBER UCLA and NBER UC Davis and NBER November 2015 We document that immigrants achieved a substantial amount of cultural assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration, a formative period in US history. Many immigrants learned to speak English, applied for US citizenship, and married spouses from different origins. Immigrants also chose less foreign names for their sons and daughters as they spent more time in the US. Possessing a foreign name had adverse consequences for the children of immigrants. Linking over one million records across historical Censuses, we find that brothers with more foreign names completed fewer years of schooling, were more likely to be unemployed, earned less, and were less likely to work in a white collar occupation. * We are grateful for the access to Census manuscripts provided by Ancestry.com, FamilySearch.org and the Minnesota Population Center. We benefited from the helpful comments we received at the DAE group of the NBER Summer Institute, the Munich “Long Shadow of History” conference, the Irvine conference on the Economics of Religion and Culture, the Cambridge conference on Networks, Institutions and Economic History, the AFD-World Bank Migration and Development Conference, and the Economic History Association. We also thank participants of seminars at Arizona State, Berkeley, Michigan, Ohio State, UCLA, Warwick, Wharton, Wisconsin and Yale. We profited from conversations with Cihan Artunc, Sascha Becker, Hoyt Bleakley, Davide Cantoni, Raj Chetty, Dora Costa, Dave Donaldson, Joe Ferrie, Price Fishback, Avner Greif, Eric Hilt, Naomi Lamoreaux, Victor Lavy, Joel Mokyr, Kaivan Munshi, Martha Olney, Luigi Pascali, Santiago Perez, Hillel Rapoport, Christina Romer, David Romer, Jared Rubin, Fabian Waldinger, Ludger Woessmann, Gavin Wright, and Noam Yuchtman. -
Tianjin University
Updates on Algal Biofuel Production in China Moderator: Guangyi Wang Prof. & Director Tianjin Univ. Center for Marine Ecology School of Environ. Science & Engineering Tianjin University 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA Energy Challenges of China Over 60% energy imported abroad New Energy Policy Reduce energy consumption and effectively control CO2 emission in the 12th “five-year”; By the end of the 12th five-year, non-fossil fuel consumption increased to 11.4% and major green house gases reduced by 8-20%; Food-crops can not be used to produce energy. Non-food fuel is the only option. 来源:国务院参事办公室 Advantages (cont’d) Advantages of Algal Biofuels Panel Speakers: Guangyi Wang (Tianjin University) Pengcheng Fu (Beijing University of Chemical Technology) Weiwen Zhang (Tianjin University) Zhongxin Yang (Hangzhou Xinwei Low-carbon Tech R&D Ltd) 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA Production of Biofuels and Chemicals Using Microalgae Isolated from the Coastal Regions of China Prof. & Director Guangyi Wang Tianjin University Center for Marine Ecology School of Environmental Science & Engineering Tianjin University & Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School 2013 Bio Pacific Rim Summit, December 8-11, San Diego, USA R&D Program for Algal Biofuels R&D Program for Algal Biofuels and High-valued Bioproducts Biodiversity & Life-cycle Analysis Extraction & environmental & environmental purification ecology impacts Large-scale Strain Improvement Thraustochytrids production & photo- using synthetic & DHA/oil bioreactor designing approaches production Biodiesel, aviation fuels, ethanol, protein, polysaccharide, materials etc. R&D Program (cont’d) Isolation cultivation and characterisation of Biological diversity and ecology algal species from Shenzhen Bay and Pearl River Delta To date >300 different species of local algae have been collected and identified. -
Complete Program
COMPLETE PROGRAM FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7th REGISTRATION (16:00-18:00, Lobby at Royal King Residence Hotel) RECEPTION/DINNER (18:00-19:30, Restaurant Wu Ye Jia, adjacent to the hotel) SATURDAY, DECEMBER 8th REGISTRATION (7:15-8:00, The Hall Way Outside the Meeting Room) PARALLEL SESSIONS Parallel Session I-a: Health (1) (08:00-10:00, Room 602) Chair: Susan Lu (Purdue University) Does Technology Substitute for Nurses? Staffing Decisions in Nursing Homes Presenter: Susan Lu (Purdue University) Discussant: Hong Liu (Central University of Finance and Economics) Sources of Welfare Effects of Medicare Part D Presenter: Yichuan Wang (SUNY at Albany) Discussant: Susan Lu (Purdue University) Chronic Disease Treatment and China’s New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS): Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design Presenter: Zhuang Hao (Beihang University) Discussant: Shan Li (Central University of Finance and Economics) Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditure and Financial Protection in China Presenter: Chao Wang (Capital University of Economics and Business) Discussant: Simiao Chen (Heidelberg University) Parallel Session I-b: Education (1) (08:00-10:00, Room 603) Chair: Harry X. Wu (Hitotsubashi University) Internal Migration and Early Human Capital Investment in China: The Impact of Parental Absenteeism on the Well-Being of Children Left Behind Presenter: Cynthia Bansak (St. Lawrence University) Discussant: Andrew Sharpe (the International Association for Research on Income and Wealth (IARIW)) Patterns and Determinants of Intergenerational Educational Mobility: -
International Student Guide
Contents CHAPTER I PREPARATIONS BEFORE COMING TO CHINA 1. VISA APPLICATION (1) Introduction to the Student Visa.......................................................................2 (2) Requirements for Visa Application..................................................................2 2. WHAT TO BRING (1) Materials Required for Registration.................................................................2 (2) Other Recommended Items.............................................................................3 3. BANKING INFORMATION AND CURRENCY OPERATIONS (1) Introduction to Chinese Currency....................................................................4 (2) Foreign Currency Exchange Sites and Convertible Currencies................4 (3) Withdrawal Limits of Bank Accounts................................................................5 (4) Wire Transfer Services........................................................................................5 4. ACCOMMODATION (1) Check-in Time......................................................................................................5 (2) On-Campus Accommodation....................................................................5 (3) Off-Campus Accommodation and Nearby Hotels.......................................8 (4) Questions and Answers about Accommodation (Q&A).............................9 CHAPTER II HOW TO GET TO TIANJIN UNIVERSITY 5. HOW TO ARRIVE................................................................................................12 (1). How to Get to Weijin -
Inspiring Chinese and Americans Through Education Since 1901
Yale-China ASSOCIATION Biennial Report 2005-2007 Yale-China Association Inspiring Chinese and Americans through education since 1901 For more than a century, the Yale-China Association has promoted understanding between Chinese and American people through the medium of education. Our programs in health, law, American Studies, English language instruction, and community and public service bring life-changing experiences to thousands of people each year. Teaching and learning are the heart of our work. Some of the highlights of the period from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2007 include: • Supporting the development of China’s non-profit sector by organizing comparative work- shops in Beijing and Guangzhou on civil society in China and the United States. The work- shops provided the opportunity for learning and exchange among more than 80 individuals including sociologists, anthropologists, activists, and founders of charities. • Expanding our Scholarship Program to give financial support to 1,369 Chinese undergrad- uates from disadvantaged backgrounds at Central South University and Hunan University in Changsha, Hunan. As a part of the expansion, the program now includes enhancement activities that are designed to expand students’ understanding of the world outside the class- room, strengthen their practical skills, and equip them with the confidence to succeed in school and after graduation. • Broadening the horizons of more than 1,200 secondary and university students in China through English classes taught by Yale-China Teaching Fellows, including an expansion of the program to Xiuning Middle School in Anhui province. • Building upon our Chia Family Health Fellowship Program to create the Chia Community Health Service & Health Education Program, designed to address unmet health needs among vulnerable populations in Hunan province. -
Arxiv:2005.07210V1 [Astro-Ph.SR] 14 May 2020
Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics manuscript no. (LATEX: main.tex; printed on May 18, 2020; 0:30) LAMOST Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey (LAMOST-MRS): Scientific goals and survey plan Chao Liu1;2, Jianning Fu3, Jianrong Shi4;2, Hong Wu4, Zhanwen Han5, Li Chen6;2, Subo Dong7;8, Yongheng Zhao4;2, Jian-Jun Chen4, Haotong Zhang4, Zhong-Rui Bai4, Xuefei Chen5, Wenyuan Cui9, Bing Du4, Chih-Hao Hsia10, Deng-Kai Jiang5, Jinliang Hou6;2, Wen Hou4, Haining Li4, Jiao Li5;1, Lifang Li5, Jiaming Liu4, Jifeng Liu4;2, A-Li Luo4;2, Juan-Juan Ren1, Hai-Jun Tian11, Hao Tian1, Jia-Xin Wang3, Chao-Jian Wu4, Ji-Wei Xie12;13, Hong-Liang Yan4;2, Fan Yang4, Jincheng Yu6, Bo Zhang3;4, Huawei Zhang7;8, Li-Yun Zhang14, Wei Zhang4, Gang Zhao4, Jing Zhong6, Weikai Zong3 and Fang Zuo4;2 1 Key Lab of Space Astronomy and Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, China 3 Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China 4 Key Lab of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 5 Yunan Astronomical Observatory, China Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650216, China 6 Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China 7 Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 8 Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, -
Demarcation of the Hourly Communication Area: a Case Study of Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Metropolitan Area, China Yue-E ZENG1,A
2016 Joint International Conference on Service Science, Management and Engineering (SSME 2016) and International Conference on Information Science and Technology (IST 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-379-3 Demarcation of the Hourly Communication Area: A Case Study of Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Metropolitan Area, China Yue-E ZENG 1,a , Shi-Dai WU2,b,* 1College of Resource and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China 2College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China [email protected], [email protected] *Corresponding author Keywords: Hourly Communication Area, Traffic Waiting Time, Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou. Abstract. With the advance of urban integration in China, the hourly communication area has attracted significant attention during the development of urban agglomerations. Using ArcGIS 10.1, this study uses the data on traffic networks and data from surveys conducted in Xiamen- Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Metropolitan Area, Fujian Province, in 2014 to demarcate the theoretical HCAs by applying the convex hull method, and establishes the actual HCAs according to the traffic waiting time. The analysis shows that the extent of the theoretical HCAs of XZQ is beyond the scope of the cities’ domains, with areas of 15473.3 km 2, 16356.7 km 2 and 19276.9 km 2, respectively. Furthermore, this paper shows that the traffic waiting time in XZQ ranges from 31 to 61 min, resulting in the reductions in the actual HCAs of 91.7%, 82.9% and 83.9%, compared to the theoretical HCAs. There are only a few areas of intersection between neighbouring cities. Policies should not only pay more attention to the intra-urban public transit systems but also build adequate public transit terminals to facilitate passenger transfers, such as new metro or light rail systems. -
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2017 Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (USA)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2017 Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (USA) 32 Program Speakers (Partial List) Formed by a partnership between the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Greg McCormick—Acting Deputy Director of Illinois State Library (UIUC) and the Society for Academic Library, Library Society of China, the Chinese McCormick has rich managerial experience in libraries. Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (CLSEP) is an academic scholarly exchange program whose participants include Chinese librarians and scholars. Built on the past Beth Sandore Namachchivaya -- Associate Dean of Libraries, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Namachchivaya leads library programs that focus on discovery services, digital libraries, eResearch, and digital curation. eleven years successful Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Programs, CLSEP is She has broad research interests that key on the design and evaluation of digital libraries. She was co-Principal developed to focus on the trends and challenges faced by libraries all over the world. It Investigator for the Illinois’ National Digital Preservation Partnership supported by the Library of Congress from 2004- gathers excellent resources from American library and information science fields and 2010, and is now involved with the ArchivesSpace project. presents the latest achievements of American libraries that are among the first-class libraries of the world. CLSEP librarian scholars seek solutions for challenges faced by Maureen Sullivan – President of Sullivan Associates and Organization Development Consultant Chinese and American libraries through reports, case studies, academic Sullivan is a past ALA president. Her experience includes near ten years as the human resources administrator at Yale communications and field trips. CLSEP is a perfect fit for Chinese academic library University. -
People's Republic of China: Hunan Roads Development III Project
Completion Report Project Number: 37494 Loan Number: 2219 September 2014 People’s Republic of China: Hunan Roads Development III Project This document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with ADB's Public Communications Policy 2011. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency unit – yuan (CNY) At Appraisal At Project Completion (15 June 2005) (31 Dec 2012) CNY1.00 = $0.1210 $0.1587 $1.00 = CNY8.2700 CNY6.3026 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank EIRR – economic internal rate of return EMDP – ethnic minority development plan EMP – environmental management plan FIRR – financial internal rate of return GDP – gross domestic product HPTD – Hunan provincial transportation department ICB – international competitive bidding JECC – Hunan Jicha Expressway Construction and Development Co. O&M – operation and maintenance PRC – People’s Republic of China SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment TA – technical assistance WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha – hectare km – kilometer m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter mu – Chinese unit of measurement (1 mu = 666.67 m2) pcu – passenger car unit NOTE In this report, “$” refers to US dollars, unless otherwise stated. Vice-President S. Groff, Operations 2 Director General A. Konishi, East Asia Department (EARD) Director H. Sharif, People’s Republic of China Resident Mission (PRCM), EARD Team leader G. Xiao, Senior Project Officer (Transport), PRCM, EARD Team members H. Hao, Project Analyst, PRCM, EARD F. Wang, Senior Project Officer (Financial Management), PRCM, EARD W. Zhu, Senior Project Officer (Resettlement), PRCM, EARD Z. Ciwang, Associate Social Development Officer, PRCM, EARD N. Li, Environment Consultant, PRCM, EARD In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.