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AN G ELES Semi-arid Los Angeles receives water from three Paralleling the Aqueduct is a portion of major aqueduct systems: The Los Angeles Owens the 846 mile long (1350 kilometers) , 800,000 volt River Aqueducts, the Colorado Aqueduct and the direct current Pacific Intertie transmission system which California Aqueduct (State Water Project) . Owned by brings energy from hydroelectric generating stations on the City and extending 340 miles (540 kilometers) the Columbia River to the Los Angeles area. northerly {rom Los Angeles, the Los Angeles Owens In describing the many features of historical and River Aqueduct System taps the vast eastern slope scenic interest on the Eastern slopes of the Sierra snow fields of California's Sierra Nevada and their Nevada and the Los Angeles Owens River Aqueduct derivative streams and lakes to provide power and 80 System, it is the DWP's goal to create an understanding percent of the water for the West's largest city. of what is involved in bringing an ample supply of The original Aqueduct was built between 1908 and water to Los Angeles, in order that the citizens of Los 1913. It intercepted the waters o{ the Owens River Angeles will conserve water and will use it wisely. which were flowing into saline Owens Lake and carried them 233 miles (370 kilometers) south to Los Angeles for beneficial use. In 1940, the Mono Basin extension was completed, lengthening the System by 105 miles (170 kilometers) . The Second Los Angeles Aqueduct, completed in 1970, increased water deliveries to Los Angeles by nearly 50 percent from the Eastern Sierra. To develop and protect this water supply, the City of Los Angeles embarked on a rural land purchasing program in 1905. Today the City owns about 302,000 acres (122,000 hectares) in Inyo and Mono Counties. The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power manages these lands for recreation and grazing purposes in a manner compatible with the protection of the City's water supply. Hydroelectric power plants located along the Aqueduct route provide Los Angeles with clean, low cost electricity in addition to providing power for DWP facilities along the System. As a matter of fact, it is the only system bringing water to Southern Cali{ornia which does not require pumping to keep the water moving through the aqueduct. It generates electricity rather than consuming it. It is estimated that each year, the aqueduct saves enough energy to supply the annual electrical needs of more than 500,000 residences. So follow with us as we head north along the aqueduct system. Los Angeles Reservoir This 10,000 acre foot. Foothill Hydroelectric Power Plant This plant was (12,000,000 m3) reservoir is the terminal reservoir for designed to utilize the falting waters of the Second the Aqueduct System. Its storage allows large changes Los Angeles Aqueduct to generate 11,000 kW of in the supply to the distribution system while aqueduct energy. (For additional information about DWP inflow remains relatively constant. The Los Angeles hydroelectric power plants, refer to the DWP Reservoir replaces the Van Norman Reservoirs which publication, HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS.) were damaged during the February 9, 1971, earth- Los Angeles quake. Several major water pipelines radiating from Original Aqueduct Cascades Before the penstock to the San Fernando Hydroelectric this facility carry water across the San Fernando Power Plant was completed, the.Cascades channel Valley into other areas of the City. was used to dissipate the energy of aqueduct water Sylmar Converter Station - Pacific Intertie Located flowing into Lower Van Norman Reservoir. In more on the northeast portion of the Van Norman Reservoir recent years, it has been used to carry water into the complex is the Los Angeles terminal for the 846 mile reservoir when adequate delivery was greater than the (1,350 kilometers), 800,000 volt Pacific Intertie direct power plant could handle. (For additional information current transmission system. The world's longest about the Los Angeles Water System, refer to the distance, highest voltage transmission line delivers DWP publication, WATER FOR LOS ANGELES.) 1,440,000 kilowatts (kW) of hydroelectric energy from Second Los Angeles in the Pacific Northwest. Function of Sylmar Station is to Aqueduct Cascades Similar function, located east and starting about feet (107 change the direct current used for transmission of 350 meters) higher in elevation than the electric energy into the alternating current used locally. original cascades. (For more information, reler to the DWP publication, The DWP built and operates Sylmar Station as well as THE 2ND LOS ANGELES 545 miles (870 kilometers) of transmission line for AQUEDUCT.) itself and its partners, including Southern California Second Los Angeles Aqueduct Terminal Structure Edison Company and the cities of Pasadena, Glendale Located at the top of Terminal Hill, it provides and Burbank. (Additional information on the Intertie uniform pressure for pipes carrying Second Aqueduct may be found in the DWP publication, PACIFIC water to higher elevation sections of the San Fernando INTERTIE.) Valley as well as the Foothill Power Plant. When the power plant shuts down, water is diverted to the Joseph Jensen Filtration Plant This plant was terminal structure where it spills into the Second designed to treat California Aqueduct water delivered Aqueduct Cascades and flows into the Los Angeles by pipeline from Castaic Reservoir. Owned and Reservoir complex. operated by the Metropolitan Water District, the plant's present treatment capacity is 400 million gallons (1,600 megaliters) per day and can be enlarged to 800 mgd (3.200 mld). Owens Gorge Transmission Line Completed in 1951, this 260 mile long (420 kilometer) , 230,000 volt transmission line brings 110,000 kW of electricity to Los Angeles from three DWP hydroelectric generating stations located in the Owens River Gorge - north of Bishop. - San Fernando Hydroelectric Power Plant This 6,400 kW power facility was built in 1922 to take advantage ol the 245 foot (75 meters) drop of aqueduct water into the Van Norman Reservoir complex. It was damaged in the 1971 earthquake and has been rebuilt. It is presently supplying 2,800 kW o{ energy. Los Angeles Ciuic Center - Acre-foot, the uolume of water required to couer one ocre with one foot of water, 235,850 gallons (1,200,000 liters) * . A glossary of Owens Valley place nomes is on Page 19 DWP cjaveYard 36-ton sections ol the Los Angeles Owens River Aqueduct were hauled into position by mule teams -_ 'lr Hydroql,q,tlrti-: Powe,ri?Iaft9,1 San Francisquito Hydroelectric Power Plant #1 a San Francisquito Power Plants 1, 2 These two Mojave Yard DWP Aqueduct Division Southern hydro plants, located in San Francisquito Canyon, 25 District headquarters from which approximately 65 miles (40 kilometers) northwest of the Van Norman employees operate and maintain 160 miles (260 Reservoirs, played an important role in the develop- kilometers) of the aqueduct system between Van ment of the power system. Power Plant 1, placed "on Norman and Haiwee Reservoirs. It is the site o{ one line" in 1917, was the initial source of municipally o{ the original aqueduct construction camps established generated power for Los Angeles citizens. Five turbine in 1907. It is also the site of one of the 16 microwave generators can produce 70,500 kW. Power Plant2, repeater stations built to connect Pacific Intertie located seven miles (12 kilometers) downstream from instrumentation between the Celilo, Oregon, and Power Plant 1, was completed in 1920. It can produce Sylmar terminals. The Intertie communications system 44,500 kW. The Saugus Pipeline of the Second includes 300 channels plus several voice channels. Aqueduct bypasses Power Plant 2 and the aqueducts Mojave Chlorination Station This plant was put into again follow separate routes on their way to Los operation in 1975, and provides capability for Angeles. (For additional information about the Los chlorination and turbidity control of waters in both Angeles Power System, refer to the DWP publication, Aqueducts. POWER SUPPLY FOR LOS ANGELES.) Jawbone Canyon Located 120 miles (190 kilo- Bouquet Reservoir One of Los Angeles' largest meters) north of Los Angeles the Jawbone Canyon reservoirs. Completed in 1934, it has a capacity of area is in the vicinity of the greatest water pressure for 36,505 acre Ieet (44,000,000 m3) with high water both the First and Second Aqueducts. The pressures elevation at 2,993 leet (910 meters) . This reservoir at the bottom of 1,000 foot (300 meters) Jawbone provides important safety storage downstream from Canyon are 368 pounds (2,540 kilopascals) per the San Andreas Fault, as well as water {rom peak square inch and 519 psi (3,580 kPa), respectively. hydroelectric power generation* at San Francisquito The spectacular Jawbone Siphon of the First Power Plants I and 2. Aqueduct is 7,096 leet (2,160 meters) long and its Fairmont Reservoir This storage facility provides diameter varies from 7'6" at the center to 10 {eet (3 regulation for the Aqueduct and is a forebay for San meters) at the ends.
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