PRICE WATCH January 2016 Prices February 29, 2016

KEY MESSAGES  In West Africa, market availability was good in January with carryover stocks, supplies from above-average 2015/16 regional harvests, and international rice and wheat imports. Markets remained disrupted throughout the Lake Chad Basin and in parts of Northern Mali (Page 3).  In East Africa, maize prices declined seasonally in surplus-producing areas of Uganda. Harvests are estimated to be below average in Ethiopia and South Sudan, putting pressure on local markets. The South Sudanese Pound was allowed to float in December, leading to a persistent depreciation of the local currency and reducing purchasing power. Markets remain disrupted by insecurity in South Sudan, Somalia, and Yemen (Page 4).  In Southern Africa, maize supplies are well below-average and continued to significantly tighten across the region with the progression of the lean season. With the greatest maize shortage in the region, maize price increases in Malawi were significant and are expected to continue as public stocks diminish, import opportunities decline, and depreciation continues. Maize prices increased and are well above-average levels across the region (Page 5).

 In Central America, maize prices followed seasonal trends and supplies from the recent Primera season (main maize harvest) began to dwindle. Red and black bean supplies increased with the end of the bean harvest (Postrera) and prices remained stable or decreased in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Guatemala. Locally-produced bean and maize availability remained below-average in Haiti, while imported commodity prices and availability remained stable (Page 6).

 In Central Asia, wheat availability Figure 1. FEWS NET regional price indices and FAO Food Price Index, remained adequate region-wide. January 2010 – January 2016 Prices are below their respective 2015 levels in surplus-producing areas (Page 7).  International staple food markets remain well supplied. Maize, wheat, rice, and soybean prices were stable in January and below their respective 2015 levels (Figures 2 and 3). Crude oil prices continued to decrease and remained well below-average (Page 2).

Sources: FAO and FEWS NET.

The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) monitors trends in staple food prices in countries at risk of food insecurity. The Price Watch provides an update on market and price trends in selected reference markets. Specific trends for key reference markets and commodities are available in the Price Watch Annexes 1 and 2. FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges partner organizations, ministries of agriculture, national market information systems, the Regional Agricultural Intelligence Network, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP), and others for their assistance in providing price data.

FEWS NET FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The content of this report does not necessarily reflect [email protected] the view of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States www.fews.net Government

PRICE WATCH February 2016

INTERNATIONAL MARKETS Figure 2. Food commodity prices in selected international markets, January 2010 – January 2016 Current situation  International rice prices were stable in January and below 2015 levels (InterRice and IGC) (Figure 2). Conditions were favorable in India, as the rabi crop is being planted, and in Vietnam for the ongoing summer- autumn and autumn-winter harvests, while conditions were poor in Thailand as a result of El Nino as the dry season planting began (AMIS). Global supplies remain at average levels (Figure 3) (IGC).  International maize prices were stable with favorable conditions in South America as the season began.

Global prices remained below 2015 levels reflecting Sources: FAO and FEWS NET. record level global supplies (Figure 3) (AMIS and FAO). Figure 3. Global Market Indicators, 2015/16 compared to  International wheat prices remained stable at low levels 2010-2014 average due continued pressure from abundant global supplies and low export demand offset. Global supplies remain above average and prices were still well below (by over 20 percent) their respective 2015 levels (AMIS and FAO).  International soybean prices remained stable and well below 2015 levels. Global supplies are at an all-time record high with generally favorable conditions for the ongoing season in the southern hemisphere (AMIS).  International crude oil prices decreased considerably again, reaching the lowest level now since 2003, and were, on average, significantly below 2015 levels (U.S. Energy Information Administration and World Bank). Source: Authors' calculations based on World Bank 2015 and USDA 2015. Outlook  Global rice production projections for 2015/16 are slightly below 2014/15 record levels due to the El Niño climate phenomenon and reduced production forecast in the U.S., India, and Thailand (IGC). World demand is projected to outgrow production and global stocks may decline for the first time since 2005 and fall below average (IGC and InterRice).  Global maize production is projected to be slightly below last year’s record crop (USDA FAS and IGC). Global maize demand for 2015/16 is also projected to be below 2014/15 levels, indicating that world ending stocks will remain well above-average (AMIS).  Global wheat production projections for 2015/16 are expected to surpass the 2014/15 record level based on larger crops in Canada and Russia, leading to a 13-year high stock level ending in 2016 (USDA FAS and AMIS). Prices are expected to remain below-average (USDA FAS).  Global soybean 2015/16 production forecasts are slightly above the 2014/15 record levels. Global demand may grow over 2015/16 based on signs of expanding demand in Asia and South America (AMIS).  International crude oil prices are expected to stabilize and remain at the current low levels, well below respective 2015 levels, on average for 2016 (U.S. Energy Information Administration and World Bank). However, fuel prices may increase in some importing countries due to the depreciation of the local currency vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar and local fuel price policies.

Staple food price trends across the countries monitored by FEWS NET will vary considerably in the coming months in response to local and regional market conditions; international market trends will play a more limited role in most countries (Figure 1). Fuel price trends in FEWS NET countries will depend on both international market conditions, the evolution of local exchange rates in relation to the U.S. Dollar, and the design and implementation of local fuel import and price policies. Famine Early Warning Systems Network 2

PRICE WATCH February 2016

WEST AFRICA Figure 4. West Africa Regional cereal production (000s MT)  Staple food supplies on markets continued to improve in December and January as harvests were ongoing or recently completed across the region. Demand remains relatively low in production zones and average in urban centers. Aggregate regional cereal production is expected to be above average in 2015/16; regional maize and rice production reached record high levels (Figure 4). Imported rice also contributes to regional staple food availability. Cross-border trade remains dynamic in all the commercial basins in the region.  The exceptions to this general trend are in the greater Lake Chad area, where the effects of Boko Haram have resulted

in below-average production in 2015/16 and significant Source: Authors’ calculations based on CILSS 2015 data. market disruptions. There have likewise recently been a Figure 5. Maize prices in Ghana, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Benin resurgence of attacks in Northern Mali, although the (USD/kg) market impacts have been limited to localized areas. In Ghana, the joint effects of below-average production (maize) and the depreciation of the local currency in Ghana have led to reduced regional exports. As a result, Burkina Faso is playing an important role in supplying southern and western Niger.  Prices generally followed their seasonal trends in January, decreasing for millet, sorghum, tubers, and cash crops and stable to decreasing for imported rice.  Harvests in Ebola-affected Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea are estimated to be average, with production surpluses recorded in several areas. Market activities continue to improve progressively thanks to some partial

lifting of population movement restrictions, market Source: Authors’ calculations based on ONASA, SIMA Niger, SONAGESS, and closures, and trade restrictions. WFP data.  Low global fuel prices coupled with shifting monetary and financial policies resulted in the rapid depreciation of the Nigerian Naira (NGN) starting in December 2015. Reduced supplies of hard currency to national Bureau de Change in Nigeria have likewise contributed to a widening gap between the official and parallel market exchange rates (Figure 5). These broader macroeconomic trends have started to reduce the purchasing power of Nigerian importers of rice and wheat from international markets and cowpeas and livestock from the Sahel, and has already put upward pressure on imported and local commodity prices in some areas of Nigeria. Outlook  Market supplies are expected to remain broadly adequate as the marketing year progresses. Institutional demand is expected to be average. Prices are expected to follow their regular seasonal trends across much of the region in the upcoming months, even as some producers focus on selling off cash crops rather than cereals.  Imports of rice and wheat from international markets are expected to proceed without any major disruptions for countries in the region using the XOF and XAF.  Trade in the greater Lake Chad area will likely remain disrupted and prices and market supplies volatile in the coming months.  FEWS NET will continue to monitor the evolution of the macroeconomic context in Nigeria and any impacts on regional food, livestock, and cash crop trade flows.

Famine Early Warning Systems Network 3

PRICE WATCH February 2016

Figure 6. Staple food prices in South Sudan and Uganda EAST AFRICA (USD/kg) Current Situation  Markets are generally well supplied in surplus-producing Uganda and Tanzania. Prices declined seasonally in Uganda in December and January. In Tanzania, prices were stable in the northern bimodal and increased seasonally in the southern surplus-producing highland areas. Exportable surpluses of maize and dry beans continued supplying deficit neighboring countries in East Africa.  The economy in South Sudan has been heavily affected by the civil strife and reduced state revenues attributed to the global decline in oil prices. The official exchange rate Source: FEWS NET calculations based on MIS/Farmgain Africa Ltd & Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBoS), Uganda, WFP South Sudan, UN, was allowed to float as of mid-December 2015, narrowing Oanda. the gap between the official and parallel market exchange Figure 7. Maize prices in Amahara and Tigray Regions of rates, thereby putting additional upward pressure on the Ethiopia cost of imported food and fuel. Staple food prices increased sharply in October through January in Greater Equatoria due to below-average local harvests coupled with outbursts of conflict along key marketing corridors, and higher priced imports (Figure 5). In areas directly affected by conflict, staple food markets remain very thin and prices volatile.  Recent FEWS NET reporting show that the strong ongoing El Niño has contributed to significant flooding in parts of the region (Somalia and Kenya) and below-average rainfall in others (Ethiopia and Sudan).

 In Kenya, staple food prices declined further between Source: FEWS NET calculations based on EGTE and WFP Ethiopia 2016. December and January as the October-to-February long rains harvests in the main-producing North Rift progressed. Regional imports of rice, maize, and dry beans reinforced market supplies and price trends.  The availability of carryover stocks from the well above-average 2014/15 season in Sudan helped offset some of the effects of below average production during the 2015/16 season. Sorghum prices remained atypically stable during the post-harvest period in Al Qadarif, a surplus-producing area.  In Ethiopia, the 2015 Belg and Meher harvests were estimated to be below average. This widened the national consumption gap which is typically filled through imports of wheat and wheat flour (USDA FAS). Although staple food prices declined in many areas following the recent Meher harvests, they did not decline as quickly as they normally do (Figure 6).  The January-to-February (Deyr) harvest is ongoing in Somalia. Maize and sorghum production in southern Somalia is estimated to be 22 and 20 percent higher than 2014/15 Deyr and recent five year average levels. Maize prices remained stable in most markets in the main producing Lower Shabelle region, except in Qoryoley which was affected by riverine flooding earlier in the year.  The crisis in Yemen continues to affect import flows and security along key national marketing corridors, resulting in highly variable staple food availability and prices.

Famine Early Warning Systems Network 4

PRICE WATCH February 2016

SOUTHERN AFRICA Figure 8. Southern Africa maize balance estimates (‘000s MT) Current Situation 4000  In Southern Africa, maize supplies are significantly tighter than usual, especially in Malawi, as a result of the maize 3000 shortage the region is facing this year (Figure 8). Staple food availability continued to decline in January with the 2000 progression of the lean season and prices increased across 1000 the region, with significant increases in Malawi. 0  Maize prices in Malawi increased significantly last month, 2014/15 MY Average 2015/16 MY reaching levels more than double average levels as -1000

sources that have been balancing the country’s maize shortage began to deplete. Subsidized maize sales by Sources: FEWS NET calculations with data from SADC, WRSI, and government ministries. Malawi’s Agricultural Development and Marketing Corporation (ADMARC), which typically last through the Figure 9. White maize prices in Southern Africa (USD/kg) end of the lean season, became erratic and are estimated to be nearly finished with at least two months of the lean season still remaining. The Strategic Grain Reserve (SGR) has now also nearly distributed all of its stocks. Finally, Malawi’s maize imports also declined due to continued depreciation of the Malawian Kwacha (by 12 percent between December 2015 and January 2016) and declining available supplies in Zambia and Mozambique.

 Mozambique also remains with a large national deficit after importing small amounts over the 2015/16 marketing year. Although Zimbabwe has been able to

reduce its deficit by formally importing large volumes from Zambia due to the strength of the USD, maize Sources: Malawi Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Water Development (MITM), Zambia Central Statistics Office, and SAFEX. supplies remain very thin in many parts of the country. Zambia and South Africa’s formal maize exports continued declining as exportable maize surplus volumes lessened.

 Maize prices increased last month and were significantly above respective five-year average levels across the region (Figure 9). Maize price increases and levels were especially high in Malawi and Mozambique, where prices of other commodities, including cassava, cowpeas, and rice, abnormally and significantly increased in many areas as well due to below-average availability and high demand as maize dwindled. Mozambique’s maize prices surpassed those of Zimbabwe to become the highest in the region (in USD terms). Outlook  For the remainder 2015/16 marketing year, maize supplies are expected to remain well below-average, with significant shortages in Malawi. The lean season is expected to be about one month longer than usual based on the delayed and below-average 2016 harvest forecast as a result of El Niño effects. A delayed start of the season will exacerbate maize shortages ahead of the harvest across the region, especially in Malawi as both ADMARC and SGR supplies are estimated to run out in March in the absence of additional imports, about one month before the harvest is expected to start. Regional exports from Zambia and South Africa are expected to continue to decline as their supplies diminish.

 Maize prices will continue to increase until the start of the harvest and remain well above five-year average levels across the region. Price increases are expected to be especially high in Malawi given the large local deficits, depletion of public stocks, unavailability of imports, ongoing currency depreciation, and expected below-average 2016 harvest.

 Below-average 2016 harvests and low carry-over stocks at the end of the 2015/16 marketing year will cause many countries to face shortages over the 2016/17 marketing year that are greater than the current shortages. As a result, prices across the region are not expected to decline as much as they typically do during the harvest and post-harvest period. This includes Zambia and South Africa, which will limit their capacity to export to deficit countries. Malawi will have no carry-over stocks going into the 2016/17 marketing year, causing concern over how high their prices may reach. Famine Early Warning Systems Network 5

PRICE WATCH February 2016

CENTRAL AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN Figure 10. White maize prices in Central America (USD/kg) Current Situation  In Central America, bean supplies were abundant as the the Postrera harvest (mainly beans) ended with average production, while maize supplies from the Primera harvest (mainly maize), which ended in September and was below-average, began to dwindle. Availability and prices of imported rice and wheat flour remained stable in Haiti, while locally-produced black bean and maize supplies were below-average following recent droughts.  The main bean season, the Postrera harvest, ended in January in many areas with estimated average regional production. Prices were atypically stable or decreasing in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras when they typically increase. In addition to freshly harvested black beans in Sources of prices in Central America and Caribbean: Coordination nationale de the Eastern and Northern regions, Guatemala continued la sécurité alimentaire (CNSA) and FEWS NET, MAL, Dirección General de Economía Agropecuaria (DGECA), Sistema de Información de Mercados to import from Mexico, keeping bean supplies abundant Productos Agrícolas de Honduras (SIMPAH), Secretaria de Economia de Mexico, and prices stable. With adequate supplies across the and Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion de Guatemala (MAGA. region, bean prices remain below or similar to 2015 prices Figure 11. Haiti Rice import volumes and prices, 2011-2015 and five-year average levels.  White maize prices remained stable in El Salvador due to imports from the United States and Mexico, but seasonally increased in Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua as supplies from the Primera harvest (August – September 2015) began to dwindle. As a result of the below-average Primera harvest, maize prices generally remained above 2015 (especially in Nicaragua) and average levels in El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua. However, in Guatemala, maize prices remained at average levels (Figure 10). Source: FEWS NET calculations based on USDA/GATS, FEWSNET/CNSA, and  In Haiti, staple food availability was adequate. Black bean Oanda 2016. prices declined in many areas in December and January due to increased availability on markets of pigeon peas, a substitute, following recent harvests. Prices of locally produced maize, beans, and sorghum, nevertheless remained well above respective 2015 and five-year average levels. Despite the recent depreciation of the HTG, rice imports reached record high levels in 2015, and prices have remained stable (Figure 11). Maize flour prices followed imported rice and wheat trends. Outlook  In Central America, red and black bean prices are expected to start to seasonally increase through April. Although the impact of El Nino in Nicaragua remains uncertain, it could limit the Apante harvest causing atypical bean price increases in Nicaragua and a reduced source of supplies for El Salvador and Honduras. Red bean price trends will depend on those effects in the coming months, but prices are expected to be generally similar to average levels but below atypically high 2015 levels. Prices of white maize are expected to seasonally increase and remain above 2015 and average levels in Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador, but remain similar to 2014 and average levels in Guatemala until the 2016 Primera harvest begins in August.  In Haiti, harvests are expected to be up to 30 percent below-average. Prices of locally-produced black bean prices will likely remain stable throughout the pigeon pea harvest period and then increase steadily thereafter. Prices of imported rice and wheat flour will limit the extent to which local maize flour grain and prices increase. FEWS NET will monitor closely the extent to which the recent depreciation of the Haitian Gourde vis-à-vis the USD affects rice and wheat import volumes and prices.

Famine Early Warning Systems Network 6

PRICE WATCH February 2016

CENTRAL ASIA Figure 12. Wheat grain prices in Central Asia (USD/kg) Current Situation  Regional availability and price trends varied considerably across Central Asia with the progression of the 2015/16 marketing year and in December (Figure 12 and Table 1). However, as detailed in the Central Asia Regional Wheat Supply and Market Outlook, regional deficits are expected to be filled through intra-regional trade.  Wheat grain export prices in Kazakhstan, the region’s largest exporter, declined to the lowest levels since 2012 in January (Figure 12). This follows the persistent deprecation of the Kazakh tenge (KZT) against the USD Source: WFP, VAM; APK Inform Agency, Kazakhstan. since August 2015 (Figure 13). Prices are now over 30 Figure 13. Regional exchange rates (2010-2016) percent below their respective 2014 and five-year average levels.  Wheat flour prices in major markets of Tajikistan were stable between December 2015 and January 2016, at record-high levels. Supplies from recent harvests have improved availability at local markets, but have not been sufficient to offset the effects of recent the sharp depreciation of the Somoni (TJS).  In Pakistan, another regional wheat flour exporter, wheat grain and flour prices remained stable between

December 2015 and January 2016 in most markets. Prices are nearly stable in major markets compared to Source: Authors’ estimates based on Oanda.com data. same time a year earlier and the five-year average Table 1. Regional wheat availability and price trends reflecting average wheat production coupled with higher than average carry-over stocks. Country Status Local availability Price Trends  In Afghanistan, wheat grain and flour prices were stable Kazakhstan Exporter Average Below-average between December and January. Similarly, prices were Pakistan Exporter Average Near-average stable compared to its respective 2015 levels following Tajikistan Importer Average Record high average domestic wheat production and steady imports from Pakistan and Kazakhstan. The persistent Afghanistan Importer Average Above-average depreciation of the Afghani (AFN) over the past year has Source: FEWS NET estimates. put upward pressure on the cost of importing food from regional markets (Figure 13). Outlook

 Regional availability and price trends are expected to continue varying across Central Asia over the 2015/16 marketing year.  The wheat harvest in Kazakhstan of the 2015/16 marketing year was estimated at 13.7 million metric tons (MMT), which is similar to average and six percent above the 2014/15 production. Exports of wheat during the July to June 2015/16 marketing year are forecast at 6.2MMT, up 13 percent from the 2014/15 season (FAO/GIEWS). Ample availability and relatively lower export parity prices are expected to help contribute to stable regional supplies.  Price trends in Tajikistan will depend on the extent to which low regional export prices are offset by the depreciation of the TJS. Average wheat production in 2015 (25.5 MMT) and above-average carryover stocks will contribute to stable grain prices in Pakistan and stable exports to neighboring Afghanistan (USDA/FAS).  In Afghanistan, prices may increase seasonally during the upcoming lean season (February to April). However, ample regional supplies at relatively low and stable prices are expected to contributed to similar trends in Afghanistan. FEWS NET will continue to monitor the AFN and any implications for reduced purchasing power for imported food and fuel.

Famine Early Warning Systems Network 7

PRICE WATCH ANNEX 1 January 2016 Prices February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Change over Change over Current % Change Over one month, Current % Change Over one month, price/kg One One 5-year one year, and price/kg One One 5-year one year, and 5-year avg. 5-year avg. Major markets US$ price month year avg. Major markets US$ price month year avg. Bobo Dioulasso Maize (White) Pouytenga Maize (White) Burkina Faso XOF 139.00 0 24 3 ► ▲ ► Burkina Faso XOF 157.00 1 15 1 ► ▲ ► $0.23 $0.26 Millet (Pearl) Millet (Pearl) XOF 194.00 0 1 -3 ► ► ► XOF 181.00 2 -6 -6 ► ▼ ▼ $0.32 $0.30 Sorghum (White) Sorghum (White) XOF 157.00 0 2 7 ► ► ▲ XOF 134.00 0 -6 -7 ► ▼ ▼ $0.26 $0.22 Djibo Maize (White) Solenzo Maize (White) Burkina Faso XOF 178.00 -2 2 -6 ► ► ▼ Burkina Faso XOF 101.00 11 13 -12 ▲ ▲ ▼ $0.30 $0.17 Millet (Pearl) Millet (Pearl) XOF 181.00 2 3 0 ► ► ► XOF 125.00 3 -7 -18 ► ▼ ▼ $0.30 $0.21 Sorghum (White) Sorghum (White) XOF 165.00 3 7 3 ► ▲ ► XOF 96.00 0 -10 -17 ► ▼ ▼ $0.27 $0.16 Koudougou Maize (White) Abeche Millet (Pearl) Burkina Faso XOF 147.00 -4 2 -3 ► ► ► Chad XAF 190.00 0 0 -3 ► ► ► $0.24 $0.32 Millet (Pearl) Sorghum (Red) XOF 183.00 -3 3 0 ► ► ► XAF 160.00 0 -11 12 ► ▼ ▲ $0.30 $0.27

West AfricaWest AfricaWest Sorghum (White) Bol Maize (White) XOF 168.00 0 3 5 ► ► ▲ Chad XAF 197.00 4 -2 8 ► ► ▲ $0.28 $0.33 Ouagadougou Gasoline Mongo Millet (Pearl) Burkina Faso XOF 682.00 0 -4 -4 ► ► ► Chad XAF 260.00 9 6 9 ▲ ▲ ▲ $1.13 $0.43 Maize (White) Moundou Millet (Pearl) XOF 149.00 3 16 -5 ► ▲ ▼ Chad XAF 200.00 -20 -13 -4 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.25 $0.33 Millet (Pearl) Sorghum (Red) XOF 194.00 2 -5 -13 ► ▼ ▼ XAF 200.00 0 0 20 ► ► ▲ $0.32 $0.33 Refined Vegetable Oil Moussoro Maize (White) XOF 900.00 0 0 -6 ► ► ▼ Chad XAF 287.00 -4 15 13 ▼ ▲ ▲ $1.49 $0.48 Sorghum (White) Millet (Pearl) XOF 190.00 1 -2 -6 ► ► ▼ XAF 290.00 -3 7 5 ► ▲ ▲ $0.32 $0.48 Whole milk powder Rice (5% Broken) XOF 5450.00 0 -5 5 ► ▼ ▲ XAF 600.00 -8 0 1 ▼ ► ► $9.05 $1.00

The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) monitors trends in staple food prices in countries vulnerable to food insecurity. The Price Watch Annex 1 provides prices and price changes for key markets and staple foods monitored across FEWS NET countries and regions. The prices are final monthly average prices for January 2016. Commodities included in the Annex are the staples most often consumed by the poor in the indicated market. Additional commodities provided are important commodities consumed in the same areas or fuel prices that affect food prices. Final monthly average prices are used. The symbols (▲►▼) depict the direction of price changes: the red upward-facing arrow denotes an increase of five percent or greater. The blue horizontal arrow denotes no change or changes that are smaller than 5 percent, and the green downward-facing arrow denotes price decreases that are five percent or greater. The three arrows respectively correspond to the percent change in prices this month compared to last month, last year, and the five-year average. The “-“ symbol indicates that data are not available. The commodities with a reference (W) are wholesale prices. Otherwise, all reported prices are retail.

FEWS NET FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The content of this report does not necessarily reflect the view of the United [email protected] States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. www.fews.net PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

N'Djamena Local milled rice Timbuktu Local milled rice Chad XAF 445.00 0 11 11 ► ▲ ▲ Mali XOF 278.00 -13 11 -13 ▼ ▲ ▼ $0.74 $0.46

Maize (White) Adel Bagrou Milled rice XAF 257.00 -7 7 16 ▼ ▲ ▲ Mauritania MRO 265.00 9 20 30 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.43 $0.87 Millet (Pearl) Refined sugar XAF 282.00 -6 -4 18 ▼ ▼ ▲ MRO 240.00 0 -5 -11 ► ▼ ▼ $0.47 $0.79 Rice (5% Broken) Refined Vegetable Oil XAF 502.00 0 5 5 ► ▲ ▲ MRO 500.00 0 0 4 ► ► ► $0.83 $1.65 Sorghum (Red) Rice (100% Broken) XAF 200.00 0 3 9 ► ► ▲ MRO 365.00 0 30 51 ► ▲ ▲ $0.33 $1.20

Sarh Millet (Pearl) Sorghum (White) Chad XAF 227.00 -5 -3 10 ▼ ► ▲ MRO 120.00 2 9 -10 ► ▲ ▼ $0.38 $0.39 Sorghum (Red) Wheat Grain XAF 160.00 -14 -20 -5 ▼ ▼ ▼ MRO 172.50 1 -13 10 ► ▼ ▲ $0.27 $0.57

Monrovia Rice (Parboiled) Aoujeft Sorghum (White) Liberia LRD 60.93 - 4 - - ► - Mauritania MRO 362.50 -13 -3 3 ▼ ► ► $0.70 $1.19

Bamako Millet (Pearl) Wheat Grain Mali XOF 200.00 0 -11 -10 ► ▼ ▼ MRO 120.00 -5 -14 -14 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.33 $0.39 West AfricaWest AfricaWest Rice (Gambiaca) Boghé Milled rice XOF 375.00 0 0 0 ► ► ► Mauritania MRO 190.00 0 7 9 ► ▲ ▲ $0.62 $0.63

Gao Millet (Pearl) Refined sugar Mali XOF 200.00 0 0 -15 ► ► ▼ MRO 200.00 0 4 -16 ► ► ▼ $0.33 $0.66

Kayes Millet (Pearl) Refined Vegetable Oil Mali XOF 250.00 0 0 -5 ► ► ▼ MRO 357.50 -3 1 -9 ► ► ▼ $0.42 $1.18

Koulikoro Millet (Pearl) Rice (100% Broken) Mali XOF 175.00 -8 -7 -10 ▼ ▼ ▼ MRO 220.00 1 10 12 ► ▲ ▲ $0.29 $0.72

Mopti Millet (Pearl) Sorghum (White) Mali XOF 200.00 0 0 5 ► ► ▲ MRO 250.00 -2 -10 12 ► ▼ ▲ $0.33 $0.82

Segou Millet (Pearl) Wheat Grain Mali XOF 157.00 -5 5 -7 ▼ ▲ ▼ MRO 125.00 0 -1 -5 ► ► ▼ $0.26 $0.41

Rice (Gambiaca) Magta-lahjar Milled rice XOF 325.00 0 8 3 ► ▲ ► Mauritania MRO 252.50 15 25 - ▲ ▲ - $0.54 $0.83

Sikasso Millet (Pearl) Refined sugar Mali XOF 200.00 0 3 -4 ► ► ▼ MRO 200.00 0 0 - ► ► - $0.33 $0.66

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 2 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Magta-lahjar Refined Vegetable Oil Diffa Sorghum (Mixed) Mauritania MRO 500.00 0 0 - ► ► - Niger XOF 174.00 0 -13 -13 ► ▼ ▼ $1.65 $0.29

Rice (100% Broken) Gaya Maize (Mixed) MRO 292.50 31 22 - ▲ ▲ - Niger XOF 132.00 -27 -13 -26 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.96 $0.22

Sorghum (White) Maradi Maize (Mixed) MRO 212.50 -7 -19 - ▼ ▼ - Niger XOF 180.00 -10 6 -7 ▼ ▲ ▼ $0.70 $0.30 Wheat Grain Millet (Pearl) MRO 150.00 0 0 - ► ► - XOF 144.41 0 6 -23 ► ▲ ▼ $0.49 $0.24

Nouakchott Maize (White) Refined Vegetable Oil Mauritania MRO 250.00 0 14 34 ► ▲ ▲ XOF 650.00 -7 -16 - ▼ ▼ - $0.82 $1.08 Milled rice Sorghum (Mixed) MRO 280.00 8 17 - ▲ ▲ - XOF 144.00 -15 -1 -17 ▼ ► ▼ $0.92 $0.24 Refined Vegetable Oil Whole milk powder MRO 450.00 0 -10 -3 ► ▼ ► XOF 3000.00 -9 -6 - ▼ ▼ - $1.48 $4.98

Rice (100% Broken) Niamey Diesel MRO 300.00 0 11 23 ► ▲ ▲ Niger XOF 538.00 0 0 -3 ► ► ► $0.99 $0.89 Sorghum (White) Gasoline MRO 300.00 0 0 12 ► ► ▲ XOF 540.00 0 0 -3 ► ► ► $0.99 $0.90 West AfricaWest AfricaWest Wheat Grain Maize (Mixed) MRO 120.00 0 -14 -17 ► ▼ ▼ XOF 188.00 -1 -2 -6 ► ► ▼ $0.39 $0.31

Agadez Refined Vegetable Oil Millet (Pearl) Niger XOF 850.00 3 -6 - ► ▼ - XOF 216.11 0 -8 -10 ► ▼ ▼ $1.41 $0.36 Rice (5% Broken) Refined Vegetable Oil XOF 500.00 0 0 1 ► ► ► XOF 775.00 0 -3 - ► ► - $0.83 $1.29 Whole milk powder Rice (5% Broken) XOF 3250.00 0 -13 - ► ▼ - XOF 400.00 0 0 -8 ► ► ▼ $5.40 $0.66

Bakin Birji Cowpeas (Mixed) Sorghum (Mixed) Niger XOF 290.07 47 -16 -17 ▲ ▼ ▼ XOF 221.33 -9 0 -2 ▼ ► ► $0.48 $0.37 Millet (Pearl) Whole milk powder XOF 116.40 -14 -19 -32 ▼ ▼ ▼ XOF 3700.00 -1 -5 - ► ▼ - $0.19 $6.14

Diffa Cowpeas (Mixed) Ouallam Millet (Pearl) Niger XOF 251.00 -19 -47 -38 ▼ ▼ ▼ Niger XOF 229.36 -6 -18 -14 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.42 $0.38

Millet (Pearl) Sabon Machi Cowpeas (Mixed) XOF 184.00 -3 -15 -19 ► ▼ ▼ Niger XOF 287.63 48 35 10 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.31 $0.48

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 3 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Tahoua Millet (Pearl) Kano Diesel Niger XOF 240.00 10 4 -2 ▲ ► ► Nigeria NGN 170.00 -20 6 - ▼ ▲ - $0.40 $0.86

Tillabéri Millet (Pearl) Gasoline Niger XOF 220.59 3 3 0 ► ► ► NGN 102.75 0 -14 - ► ▼ - $0.37 $0.52 Sorghum (Mixed) Groundnuts (In Shell) XOF 208.00 -3 -2 3 ► ► ► NGN 156.82 8 -6 - ▲ ▼ - $0.35 $0.80

Tounfafi Cowpeas (Mixed) Maize (White) (W) Niger XOF 329.00 38 -2 9 ▲ ► ▲ NGN 62.30 23 30 - ▲ ▲ - $0.55 $0.32

Dandume Local milled rice Millet (Pearl) (W) Nigeria NGN 120.27 5 18 - ▲ ▲ - NGN 58.90 24 14 3 ▲ ▲ ► $0.61 $0.30 Millet (Pearl) Sorghum (White) (W) NGN 56.49 0 1 -8 ► ► ▼ NGN 61.20 57 39 23 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.29 $0.31

Sorghum (White) Kaura Namoda Maize (White) NGN 45.38 19 8 -20 ▲ ▲ ▼ Nigeria NGN 61.86 -2 24 7 ► ▲ ▲ $0.23 $0.31

Giwa Maize (White) Sorghum (White) Nigeria NGN 60.84 30 51 - ▲ ▲ - NGN 50.34 27 23 -9 ▲ ▲ ▼ $0.31 $0.26

Sorghum (White) Lagos Yams NGN 46.11 30 29 -15 ▲ ▲ ▼ Nigeria NGN 129.60 11 17 -46 ▲ ▲ ▼ $0.23 $0.66 West AfricaWest AfricaWest Ibadan Bread Maiadua Millet (Pearl) Nigeria NGN 250.00 0 0 42 ► ► ▲ Nigeria XOF 129.05 2 -10 -28 ► ▼ ▼ $1.27 $0.21 Diesel Sorghum (Mixed) NGN 120.00 -6 -23 -28 ▼ ▼ ▼ XOF 127.13 1 15 -18 ► ▲ ▼ $0.61 $0.21

Gasoline Saminaka Maize (White) NGN 105.60 -23 9 3 ▼ ▲ ► Nigeria NGN 49.69 23 47 5 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.54 $0.25 Maize (White) Sorghum (White) NGN 67.48 5 33 14 ▲ ▲ ▲ NGN 54.00 40 34 -2 ▲ ▲ ► $0.34 $0.27

Refined palm oil Dakar Millet NGN 266.66 0 5 11 ► ▲ ▲ Senegal XOF 219.00 0 5 -5 ► ▲ ▼ $1.35 $0.36 Sorghum (White) Rice (100% Broken) NGN 69.62 -4 7 -4 ► ▲ ► XOF 270.00 0 11 -5 ► ▲ ▼ $0.35 $0.45

Ilela Millet (Pearl) Kaolak Millet Nigeria XOF 134.20 -4 14 -19 ▼ ▲ ▼ Senegal XOF 145.00 -5 -12 -16 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.22 $0.24 Sorghum (Mixed) Rice (100% Broken) XOF 134.20 -4 14 -16 ▼ ▲ ▼ XOF 264.00 -3 -3 -8 ► ► ▼ $0.22 $0.44

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 4 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Saint-Louis Millet Bujumbura Cassava Flour Senegal XOF 187.00 -2 -17 -18 ► ▼ ▼ Burundi BIF 910.00 10 -8 -10 ▲ ▼ ▼ $0.31 $0.59 Rice (100% Broken) Cooking bananas XOF 250.00 0 -3 -15 ► ► ▼ BIF 516.50 3 2 -8 ► ► ▼ $0.42 $0.34

Tambacounda Millet Dry Beans (Mixed) Senegal XOF 169.00 -5 -16 -11 ▼ ▼ ▼ BIF 1175.00 -7 20 22 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.28 $0.76

Ziguichor Maize (Yellow) Milled rice Senegal XOF 250.00 0 0 -2 ► ► ► BIF 1620.75 1 3 -1 ► ► ► $0.42 $1.05 Rice (100% Broken) Sweet potatoes XOF 281.00 0 -3 -6 ► ► ▼ BIF 429.50 20 3 -13 ▲ ► ▼ $0.47 $0.28

Gitega Cassava Flour Burundi BIF 696.00 32 -3 9 ▲ ► ▲ $0.45 Cooking bananas BIF 325.25 19 -1 -9 ▲ ► ▼ $0.21 Dry Beans (Mixed) BIF 1066.50 -13 27 17 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.69 Maize (White) BIF 900.00 -5 35 44 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.59 East AfricaEast West AfricaWest Milled rice BIF 1500.00 2 7 4 ► ▲ ► $0.98 Sorghum (Red) BIF 925.00 -8 -4 30 ▼ ► ▲ $0.60 Sweet potatoes BIF 237.75 44 21 12 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.15

Kirundo Cassava Flour Burundi BIF 720.00 11 21 30 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.47 Cooking bananas BIF 563.40 5 27 59 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.37 Dry Beans (Mixed) BIF 718.30 -47 38 7 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.47 Maize (White) BIF 811.00 -5 14 28 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.53 Milled rice BIF 1363.30 0 -4 1 ► ► ► $0.89

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 5 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Kirundo Sorghum (Red) Ruyigi Dry Beans (Mixed) Burundi BIF 688.30 2 -31 1 ► ▼ ► Burundi BIF 806.33 -35 3 -6 ▼ ► ▼ $0.45 $0.52 Sweet potatoes Maize (White) BIF 375.80 17 66 52 ▲ ▲ ▲ BIF 789.88 6 34 24 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.24 $0.51

Muyinga Cassava Flour Milled rice Burundi BIF 767.50 8 18 31 ▲ ▲ ▲ BIF 1500.00 1 8 8 ► ▲ ▲ $0.50 $0.98 Cooking bananas Sorghum (Red) BIF 316.71 0 -23 -22 ► ▼ ▼ BIF 713.50 -7 -24 -5 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.21 $0.46 Dry Beans (Mixed) Sweet potatoes BIF 765.36 -36 43 14 ▼ ▲ ▲ BIF 319.75 34 7 26 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.50 $0.21

Maize (White) Addis Ababa Maize (White) (W) BIF 937.25 14 57 31 ▲ ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 4.61 0 5 11 ► ▲ ▲ $0.61 $0.22 Milled rice Wheat Grain (W) BIF 1372.45 -2 7 1 ► ▲ ► ETB 9.58 -2 -1 35 ► ► ▲ $0.89 $0.46

Sorghum (Red) Addis Ababa Mixed Teff BIF 889.29 -1 9 26 ► ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 16.67 6 21 40 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.58 $0.79 Sweet potatoes Sorghum (Yellow) BIF 308.92 13 -24 -3 ▲ ▼ ► ETB 12.66 -10 3 26 ▼ ► ▲ $0.20 $0.60 East AfricaEast AfricaEast

Ngozi Cassava Flour Bahir Dar Maize (White) (W) Burundi BIF 755.56 16 21 27 ▲ ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 4.60 2 7 6 ► ▲ ▲ $0.49 $0.22 Cooking bananas Mixed Teff BIF 343.89 0 -21 6 ► ▼ ▲ ETB 14.93 5 21 38 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.22 $0.71

Dry Beans (Mixed) Bure Maize (White) (W) BIF 918.56 -28 30 20 ▼ ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 4.86 11 22 22 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.60 $0.23 Milled rice Wheat Grain (W) BIF 1400.00 2 -2 14 ► ► ▲ ETB 7.66 2 -14 27 ► ▼ ▲ $0.91 $0.36

Sorghum (Red) Dire Dawa Maize (White) BIF 800.00 -4 -12 14 ▼ ▼ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 6.40 -2 -2 10 ► ► ▲ $0.52 $0.30 Sweet potatoes Wheat Grain (W) BIF 313.78 15 61 35 ▲ ▲ ▲ ETB 11.51 0 2 45 ► ► ▲ $0.20 $0.55

Ruyigi Cassava Flour Dire Dawa Mixed Teff Burundi BIF 707.17 12 14 24 ▲ ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 18.00 14 32 53 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.46 $0.86

Cooking bananas Gode Maize (White) BIF 507.92 33 57 55 ▲ ▲ ▲ Ethiopia ETB 10.00 0 -17 19 ► ▼ ▲ $0.33 $0.48

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 6 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Gode Sorghum (Yellow) Mombasa Dry Beans (Rosecoco) (W) Ethiopia ETB 14.00 -30 -30 19 ▼ ▼ ▲ Kenya KES 68.50 13 10 19 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.67 $0.68

Jijiga Maize (White) Maize (White) (W) Ethiopia ETB 7.00 - -22 -7 - ▼ ▼ KES 30.00 3 14 4 ► ▲ ► $0.33 $0.30 Sorghum (Yellow) Sorghum (Red) (W) ETB 6.00 - -40 -21 - ▼ ▼ KES 30.17 -3 -21 -22 ► ▼ ▼ $0.29 $0.30

Wheat Grain Nairobi Dry Beans (Rosecoco) (W) ETB 8.00 - 0 10 - ► ▲ Kenya KES 65.83 0 4 10 ► ► ▲ $0.38 $0.65

Mekele Maize (White) (W) Maize (White) (W) Ethiopia ETB 5.42 7 - - ▲ - - KES 28.06 -3 7 -8 ► ▲ ▼ $0.26 $0.28 Mixed Teff Potatoes, Irish (white) (W) ETB 14.83 -3 44 30 ► ▲ ▲ KES 20.45 -6 - - ▼ - - $0.71 $0.20 Wheat Grain (W) Sorghum (Red) (W) ETB 10.25 -1 25 41 ► ▲ ▲ KES 36.17 -2 -11 -11 ► ▼ ▼ $0.49 $0.36

Nekemte Maize (White) (W) Baidoa Diesel Ethiopia ETB 4.13 2 3 14 ► ► ▲ Somalia SOS 22250.00 11 -5 -20 ▲ ▼ ▼ $0.20 $0.99

Yabelo Wheat Grain Gasoline Ethiopia ETB 11.00 10 16 41 ▲ ▲ ▲ SOS 23000.00 -4 1 -10 ▼ ► ▼ $0.52 $1.02 East AfricaEast AfricaEast

Eldoret Dry Beans (Rosecoco) Maize (White) (W) Kenya KES 77.78 -1 -14 7 ► ▼ ▲ SOS 5450.00 0 -32 -19 ► ▼ ▼ $0.77 $0.24 Maize (White) (W) Refined Vegetable Oil KES 24.56 11 11 -5 ▲ ▲ ▼ SOS 25000.00 2 -7 -28 ► ▼ ▼ $0.24 $1.11 Potatoes, Irish (white) (W) Rice (Parboiled) KES 19.50 0 - - ► - - SOS 14000.00 0 -7 -21 ► ▼ ▼ $0.19 $0.62 Sorghum (Red) (W) Sorghum (Red) KES 65.00 0 0 36 ► ► ▲ SOS 5650.00 0 8 4 ► ▲ ► $0.65 $0.25

Kisumu Dry Beans (Rosecoco) Beled Hawa Sorghum (Red) (W) Kenya KES 75.56 0 -1 8 ► ► ▲ Somalia SOS 13500.00 4 8 7 ► ▲ ▲ $0.75 $0.60

Maize (White) (W) Bossaso Rice (Parboiled) KES 35.56 0 0 2 ► ► ► Somalia SOS 14000.00 -2 0 -18 ► ► ▼ $0.35 $0.62

Potatoes, Irish (white) (W) Buale Cowpeas (Red) KES 28.40 -4 - - ▼ - - Somalia SOS 23000.00 0 -17 -6 ► ▼ ▼ $0.28 $1.02 Sorghum (Red) (W) Maize (White) KES 35.56 0 -6 -4 ► ▼ ▼ SOS 7200.00 -5 -23 -20 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.35 $0.32

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 7 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Burao Diesel Lugh Maize (White) Somalia SLS 5000.00 0 -14 -18 ► ▼ ▼ Somalia SOS 13000.00 0 18 33 ► ▲ ▲ $0.75 $0.58 Gasoline Sorghum (Red) SLS 7000.00 -3 4 12 ► ► ▲ SOS 9250.00 -8 54 8 ▼ ▲ ▲ $1.05 $0.41

Maize (White) Merka Cowpeas (Red) SLS 4000.00 0 0 8 ► ► ▲ Somalia SOS 16750.00 -7 -30 -14 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.60 $0.74

Refined Vegetable Oil Mogadishu Cowpeas (Red) SLS 12000.00 0 0 3 ► ► ► Somalia SOS 15500.00 -17 -23 -14 ▼ ▼ ▼ $1.80 $0.69 Rice (Parboiled) Diesel SLS 5000.00 0 0 7 ► ► ▲ SOS 16500.00 -8 -18 -32 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.75 $0.73 Sorghum (Red) Gasoline SLS 3000.00 0 0 -3 ► ► ► SOS 20750.00 -10 -1 -17 ▼ ► ▼ $0.45 $0.92

El Dhere Cowpeas (Red) Maize (White) Somalia SOS 10000.00 -23 -9 -39 ▼ ▼ ▼ SOS 6500.00 4 -24 -15 ► ▼ ▼ $0.44 $0.29

Gadon Diesel Refined Vegetable Oil Somalia SOS 25000.00 - -17 -19 - ▼ ▼ SOS 21750.00 4 -9 -33 ► ▼ ▼ $1.11 $0.97 Gasoline Rice (Parboiled) SOS 23000.00 - -18 -15 - ▼ ▼ SOS 12000.00 7 0 -28 ▲ ► ▼ $1.02 $0.53 East AfricaEast AfricaEast Refined Vegetable Oil Sorghum (Red) SOS 45000.00 41 -18 -25 ▲ ▼ ▼ SOS 6000.00 4 -28 -15 ► ▼ ▼ $2.00 $0.27

Rice (Parboiled) Qorioley Diesel SOS 19000.00 0 -5 -22 ► ▼ ▼ Somalia SOS 19000.00 6 0 -22 ▲ ► ▼ $0.84 $0.84 Sorghum (Red) Gasoline SOS 14000.00 40 -13 -17 ▲ ▼ ▼ SOS 24000.00 -4 14 -9 ► ▲ ▼ $0.62 $1.07

Galkayo Cowpeas (Red) Maize (White) Somalia SOS 27500.00 0 34 -13 ► ▲ ▼ SOS 4750.00 27 -29 -24 ▲ ▼ ▼ $1.22 $0.21 Rice (Parboiled) Refined Vegetable Oil SOS 16250.00 0 2 -23 ► ► ▼ SOS 24000.00 0 -14 -27 ► ▼ ▼ $0.72 $1.07 Sorghum (Red) Rice (Parboiled) SOS 10000.00 0 0 -13 ► ► ▼ SOS 14000.00 0 0 -14 ► ► ▼ $0.44 $0.62

Garowe Rice (Parboiled) Sorghum (Red) Somalia SOS 14500.00 4 1 -24 ► ► ▼ SOS 6500.00 -13 0 -24 ▼ ► ▼ $0.64 $0.29

Hargeisa Rice (Parboiled) Togwajale Sorghum (White) Somalia SLS 5000.00 0 0 -2 ► ► ► Somalia SLS 2800.00 -2 -20 -2 ► ▼ ► $0.75 $0.42

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 8 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Aweil Groundnuts (Shelled) Dongola Millet South Sudan SSP 22.00 -12 340 199 ▼ ▲ ▲ Sudan SDG 7.50 0 14 - ► ▲ - $1.11 $1.24 Sorghum (White) Sorghum (Feterita) SSP 13.21 45 230 340 ▲ ▲ ▲ SDG 4.50 0 -10 71 ► ▼ ▲ $0.67 $0.74

Bor Sorghum (White) Wheat Grain South Sudan SSP 10.00 - 112 - - ▲ - SDG 5.50 0 6 133 ► ▲ ▲ $0.50 $0.91

Juba Maize (White) El Fasher Millet South Sudan SSP 12.57 34 252 339 ▲ ▲ ▲ Sudan SDG 5.03 -9 0 83 ▼ ► ▲ $0.63 $0.83 Sorghum (White) Sorghum (Feterita) SSP 12.57 21 252 217 ▲ ▲ ▲ SDG 4.23 10 18 28 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.63 $0.70 Wheat Flour Wheat Grain SSP 44.00 17 468 497 ▲ ▲ ▲ SDG 6.60 16 5 104 ▲ ▲ ▲ $2.22 $1.09

Malakal Sorghum (White) El Obeid Millet South Sudan SSP 17.50 - 371 - - ▲ - Sudan SDG 5.48 -2 10 - ► ▲ - $0.88 $0.90 Wheat Flour Sorghum (Feterita) SSP 38.25 - 446 - - ▲ - SDG 3.22 -12 18 - ▼ ▲ - $1.93 $0.53

Wau Groundnuts (Shelled) Wheat Grain South Sudan SSP 27.00 8 184 97 ▲ ▲ ▲ SDG 5.32 -6 10 - ▼ ▲ - $1.36 $0.88 East AfricaEast AfricaEast

Sorghum (White) Geneina Millet SSP 14.29 -5 233 268 ▼ ▲ ▲ Sudan SDG 3.10 1 0 19 ► ► ▲ $0.72 $0.51 Wheat Flour Sorghum (Feterita) SSP 40.00 0 416 515 ► ▲ ▲ SDG 3.01 1 -1 38 ► ► ▲ $2.02 $0.50

Ad-Damazin Millet Kadugli Millet Sudan SDG 5.83 0 -5 101 ► ▼ ▲ Sudan SDG 5.50 4 10 - ► ▲ - $0.96 $0.91 Sorghum (Feterita) Sorghum (Feterita) SDG 2.91 0 -13 -5 ► ▼ ▼ SDG 2.70 -10 17 - ▼ ▲ - $0.48 $0.45 Wheat Grain Wheat Grain SDG 6.67 0 -5 72 ► ▼ ▲ SDG 5.30 6 -20 47 ▲ ▼ ▲ $1.10 $0.87

Al Qadarif Millet Nyala Millet Sudan SDG 5.12 2 5 - ► ▲ - Sudan SDG 5.17 -1 1 49 ► ► ▲ $0.85 $0.85 Sorghum (Feterita) Sorghum (Feterita) SDG 3.16 2 28 - ► ▲ - SDG 3.58 -1 51 42 ► ▲ ▲ $0.52 $0.59 Wheat Grain Wheat Grain SDG 6.80 0 -13 70 ► ▼ ▲ SDG 6.33 -17 32 155 ▼ ▲ ▲ $1.12 $1.04

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 9 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Om Durman Millet Kigoma Maize (White) (W) Sudan SDG 5.00 0 -34 59 ► ▼ ▲ Tanzania, United TZS 720.94 7 73 - ▲ ▲ - $0.83 Republic of $0.34 Sorghum (Feterita) Milled rice (W) SDG 4.00 0 -13 53 ► ▼ ▲ TZS 1563.86 -10 16 - ▼ ▲ - $0.66 $0.74

Wheat Grain Mbeya Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) SDG 7.00 17 6 169 ▲ ▲ ▲ Tanzania, United TZS 1431.82 0 12 6 ► ▲ ▲ $1.16 Republic of $0.67

Port Sudan Millet Maize (White) (W) Sudan SDG 5.00 0 0 105 ► ► ▲ TZS 630.00 3 93 38 ► ▲ ▲ $0.83 $0.30 Sorghum (Feterita) Milled rice (W) SDG 3.66 7 22 13 ▲ ▲ ▲ TZS 1625.00 0 28 8 ► ▲ ▲ $0.60 $0.76

Arusha Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) Mtwara Maize (White) (W) Tanzania, United TZS 1682.08 4 4 28 ► ► ▲ Tanzania, United TZS 662.80 -5 47 26 ▼ ▲ ▲ Republic of $0.79 Republic of $0.31

Maize (White) (W) Mwanza Milled rice (W) TZS 702.50 1 92 50 ► ▲ ▲ Tanzania, United TZS 1850.00 12 32 31 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.33 Republic of $0.87

Milled rice (W) Songea Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) TZS 1588.59 -9 5 8 ▼ ▲ ▲ Tanzania, United TZS 1866.67 10 34 69 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.75 Republic of $0.88

Dar es Salaam Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) Maize (White) (W) Tanzania, United TZS 2010.97 3 - - ► - - TZS 511.11 -1 117 45 ► ▲ ▲ Republic of $0.95 $0.24 East AfricaEast AfricaEast

Maize (White) (W) Tanga Milled rice (W) TZS 649.42 0 - - ► - - Tanzania, United TZS 1800.92 0 28 25 ► ▲ ▲ $0.31 Republic of $0.85

Milled rice (W) Arua Cassava Chips TZS 1957.29 3 - - ► - - Uganda UGX 1200.00 0 50 62 ► ▲ ▲ $0.92 $0.35

Dodoma Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) Gulu Dry Beans (K124/Nabe 4) Tanzania, United TZS 1870.56 -1 14 29 ► ▲ ▲ Uganda UGX 2400.00 -8 13 38 ▼ ▲ ▲ Republic of $0.88 $0.70

Maize (White) (W) Kampala Cooking bananas TZS 756.60 14 87 42 ▲ ▲ ▲ Uganda UGX 1130.25 -14 74 61 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.36 $0.33 Milled rice (W) Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) TZS 1807.92 -2 11 14 ► ▲ ▲ USD 0.66 12 23 6 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.85 $0.66

Iringa Maize (White) (W) Maize (White) Tanzania, United TZS 586.36 3 115 49 ► ▲ ▲ UGX 1400.00 -5 41 40 ▼ ▲ ▲ Republic of $0.28 $0.41 Milled rice (W) Sorghum (Red) (W) TZS 1656.06 22 30 17 ▲ ▲ ▲ USD 0.22 -15 -9 -18 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.78 $0.22

Kigoma Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) Lira Dry Beans (K124/Nabe 4) Tanzania, United TZS 1750.00 3 17 - ► ▲ - Uganda UGX 2650.00 7 23 51 ▲ ▲ ▲ Republic of $0.82 $0.77

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 10 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Masindi Dry Beans (Mixed) (W) Karonga Cassava Uganda USD 0.64 0 -4 - ► ► - Malawi MWK 123.44 26 36 54 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.64 $0.18 Maize (White) (W) Maize (White) USD 0.18 -18 18 - ▼ ▲ - MWK 242.21 30 145 164 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.18 $0.36

Mbarara Cooking bananas Milled rice Uganda UGX 1130.00 6 76 105 ▲ ▲ ▲ MWK 552.63 5 23 55 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.33 $0.82

Dry Beans (K124/Nabe 4) Lilongwe Cassava UGX 2325.00 -7 16 27 ▼ ▲ ▲ Malawi MWK 600.00 36 243 - ▲ ▲ - $0.67 $0.89

Soroti Millet (Finger) Maize (White) Uganda UGX 1325.00 10 9 0 ▲ ▲ ► MWK 220.00 38 120 - ▲ ▲ - $0.38 $0.33

Aden Wheat Flour Milled rice Yemen YER 155.00 2 11 19 ► ▲ ▲ MWK 600.00 9 26 70 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.72 $0.89

Al Hudaydah Wheat Flour Lunzu Cassava Yemen YER 136.00 -13 1 11 ▼ ► ▲ Malawi MWK 349.02 12 293 - ▲ ▲ - $0.63 $0.52

Amran Wheat Flour Maize (White) Yemen YER 133.00 -12 16 -1 ▼ ▲ ► MWK 226.02 28 115 148 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.62 $0.33

Hajja Wheat Flour Milled rice Yemen YER 138.00 -15 2 -6 ▼ ► ▼ MWK 599.36 14 17 78 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.64 $0.89 East AfricaEast Southern Africa Southern Sa'ada Wheat Flour Mitundu Cassava Yemen YER 148.00 -12 -1 9 ▼ ► ▲ Malawi MWK 148.44 -15 27 - ▼ ▲ - $0.69 $0.22

Sana'a Wheat Flour Maize (White) Yemen YER 129.00 -10 -8 -7 ▼ ▼ ▼ MWK 189.52 34 136 - ▲ ▲ - $0.60 $0.28 Milled rice MWK 533.84 3 26 97 ► ▲ ▲ $0.79

Mzuzu Cassava Malawi MWK 340.30 10 17 - ▲ ▲ - $0.50 Maize (White) MWK 207.65 48 113 135 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.31 Milled rice MWK 710.50 5 32 88 ▲ ▲ ▲ $1.05

Nsanje Maize (White) Malawi MWK 240.00 50 102 132 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.36

Salima Cassava Malawi MWK 100.00 -8 48 - ▼ ▲ - $0.15

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 11 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Salima Maize (White) Nampula Maize (White) Malawi MWK 222.50 83 123 - ▲ ▲ - Mozambique MZN 22.86 33 150 107 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.33 $0.50 Milled rice Refined Vegetable Oil MWK 500.00 3 37 74 ► ▲ ▲ MZN 50.00 -17 25 5 ▼ ▲ ▲ $0.74 $1.09

Chókwe Cowpeas (Mixed) Rice (5% Broken) Mozambique MZN 40.00 -20 49 - ▼ ▲ - MZN 41.25 46 65 55 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.87 $0.90

Maize (White) Tete Cowpeas (Mixed) MZN 21.48 73 73 - ▲ ▲ - Mozambique MZN 29.00 4 16 9 ► ▲ ▲ $0.47 $0.63 Rice (5% Broken) Maize (White) MZN 31.67 6 6 - ▲ ▲ - MZN 19.05 11 100 83 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.69 $0.41

Gorongosa Cowpeas (Mixed) Rice (5% Broken) Mozambique MZN 83.39 29 159 166 ▲ ▲ ▲ MZN 43.33 -4 44 35 ► ▲ ▲ $1.81 $0.94

Maize (White) Chipata Maize (White) MZN 19.43 34 110 96 ▲ ▲ ▲ Zambia ZMW 2.36 2 56 86 ► ▲ ▲ $0.42 $0.21

Maputo Cowpeas (Mixed) Roller Maize Meal Mozambique MZN 55.08 27 174 147 ▲ ▲ ▲ ZMW 2.60 3 30 49 ► ▲ ▲ $1.20 $0.23

Diesel Choma Maize (White)

MZN 36.81 0 0 3 ► ► ► 0 Zambia ZMW 2.50 -1 125 118 ► ▲ ▲ $0.80 $0.23

Southern Africa Southern Maize Meal Africa Southern Roller Maize Meal MZN 34.17 5 14 27 ▲ ▲ ▲ ZMW 2.41 - 27 49 - ▲ ▲ $0.74 $0.22

Maize (White) Kabwe Maize (White) MZN 24.96 82 94 93 ▲ ▲ ▲ Zambia ZMW 2.22 5 25 68 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.54 $0.20 Refined Vegetable Oil Roller Maize Meal MZN 60.42 10 21 2 ▲ ▲ ► ZMW 2.58 0 23 54 ► ▲ ▲ $1.31 $0.23

Rice (5% Broken) Kasama Maize (White) MZN 28.75 15 15 14 ▲ ▲ ▲ Zambia ZMW 2.29 0 29 45 ► ▲ ▲ $0.62 $0.21

Maxixe Cowpeas (Mixed) Roller Maize Meal Mozambique MZN 40.26 20 101 3 ▲ ▲ ► ZMW 2.50 8 12 35 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.87 $0.23

Rice (5% Broken) Kitwe Maize (White) MZN 32.50 4 21 24 ► ▲ ▲ Zambia ZMW 2.22 8 21 56 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.71 $0.20

Nampula Cowpeas (Mixed) Roller Maize Meal Mozambique MZN 70.00 42 180 167 ▲ ▲ ▲ ZMW 2.44 -1 23 44 ► ▲ ▲ $1.52 $0.22

Diesel Lusaka Diesel MZN 38.42 0 0 3 ► ► ► Zambia ZMW 8.59 0 30 13 ► ▲ ▲ $0.83 $0.78

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 12 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Lusaka Maize (White) Masvingo Roller Maize Meal Zambia ZMW 2.43 10 10 49 ▲ ▲ ▲ Zimbabwe USD 0.60 0 107 - ► ▲ - $0.22 $0.60 Roller Maize Meal ZMW 2.55 6 24 47 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.23

Mansa Maize (White) Zambia ZMW 2.22 11 21 47 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.20 Roller Maize Meal ZMW 2.58 -1 23 43 ► ▲ ▲ $0.23

Mongu Maize (White) Zambia ZMW 2.50 25 25 - ▲ ▲ - $0.23 Roller Maize Meal ZMW 2.89 9 23 49 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.26

Solwezi Maize (White) Zambia ZMW 1.96 3 16 45 ► ▲ ▲ $0.18 Roller Maize Meal ZMW 2.49 -1 12 31 ► ▲ ▲ $0.22

Bulawayo Maize (White) Zimbabwe USD 0.40 -13 -43 - ▼ ▼ - $0.40

Southern Africa Southern Roller Maize Meal Africa Southern USD 0.65 0 91 - ► ▲ - $0.65

Gwanda Maize (White) Zimbabwe USD 0.57 0 4 - ► ► - $0.57 Roller Maize Meal USD 0.65 0 124 - ► ▲ - $0.65

Harare Diesel Zimbabwe USD 1.08 -6 -17 -17 ▼ ▼ ▼ $1.08 Gasoline USD 1.30 1 -9 -9 ► ▼ ▼ $1.30 Maize (White) USD 0.40 18 18 12 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.40 Roller Maize Meal USD 0.52 11 -10 -2 ▲ ▼ ► $0.52

Masvingo Maize (White) Zimbabwe USD 0.40 0 -33 - ► ▼ - $0.40

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 13 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

San Jose Dry Beans (Black) (W) Santa Ana Maize (White) (W) Costa Rica USD 1.71 -2 -17 - ► ▼ - El Salvador USD 0.39 -3 -8 5 ► ▼ ▲ $1.71 $0.39

Dry Beans (Red) (W) San Vicente Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) USD 2.71 -2 -13 - ► ▼ - El Salvador USD 1.39 9 -32 -6 ▲ ▼ ▼ $2.71 $1.39 Maize (White) (W) Maize (White) (W) USD 0.69 -7 3 - ▼ ► - USD 0.41 0 3 17 ► ► ▲ $0.69 $0.41

Refined sugar (W) Usulután Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) USD 1.11 0 -14 - ► ▼ - El Salvador USD 1.35 12 -31 -7 ▲ ▼ ▼ $1.11 $1.35

Ahuachapán Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) Maize (White) (W) El Salvador USD 1.23 12 -33 -12 ▲ ▼ ▼ USD 0.42 -2 3 15 ► ► ▲ $1.23 $0.42

Maize (White) (W) Chiquimula (Eastern) Dry Beans (Black) USD 0.39 2 -2 9 ► ► ▲ Guatemala GTQ 10.10 18 31 3 ▲ ▲ ► $0.39 $1.35

La Unión Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) Maize (White) El Salvador USD 1.48 2 -32 -3 ► ▼ ► GTQ 3.70 -4 12 17 ► ▲ ▲ $1.48 $0.50

Maize (White) (W) Guatemala City Diesel USD 0.44 -8 4 15 ▼ ► ▲ Guatemala GTQ 3.60 -15 -29 -50 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.44 $0.48

San Miguel Dry Beans (Red) (W) Gasoline El Salvador USD 1.21 5 -32 -10 ▲ ▼ ▼ GTQ 4.77 -4 -9 -38 ▼ ▼ ▼ $1.21 $0.64

Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) Peten La Terminal (North)Dry Beans (Black) USD 1.32 3 -31 -8 ► ▼ ▼ Guatemala GTQ 11.02 0 0 - ► ► - Central America Caribbean Central and America Caribbean Central and $1.32 $1.47 Maize (White) (W) Maize (White) USD 0.41 0 5 19 ► ▲ ▲ GTQ 2.65 17 19 - ▲ ▲ - $0.41 $0.35

San Salvador Dry Beans (Red) Cap Haitien Dry Beans (Black) El Salvador USD 1.41 2 -38 -16 ► ▼ ▼ Haiti HTG 137.79 0 50 65 ► ▲ ▲ $1.41 $2.41 Dry Beans (Seda Red) Maize Meal USD 1.59 0 -37 -14 ► ▼ ▼ HTG 36.74 0 11 1 ► ▲ ► $1.59 $0.64 Maize (White) Refined sugar USD 0.51 5 0 5 ▲ ► ▲ HTG 55.12 0 0 -10 ► ► ▼ $0.51 $0.97 Refined sugar Refined Vegetable Oil USD 0.99 0 13 14 ► ▲ ▲ HTG 97.74 0 6 10 ► ▲ ▲ $0.99 $1.71 Rice (10% Broken) Rice (4% Broken) USD 0.99 0 -10 -7 ► ▼ ▼ HTG 48.50 0 0 5 ► ► ▲ $0.99 $0.85

Santa Ana Dry Beans (Seda Red) (W) Hinche Dry Beans (Black) El Salvador USD 1.26 12 -32 -11 ▲ ▼ ▼ Haiti HTG 137.33 20 93 119 ▲ ▲ ▲ $1.26 $2.40

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 14 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Hinche Maize Meal Port-au-Prince Dry Beans (Black) Haiti HTG 36.28 0 36 45 ► ▲ ▲ Haiti HTG 119.42 5 68 75 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.64 $2.09 Refined sugar Maize Meal HTG 79.00 8 8 5 ▲ ▲ ▲ HTG 40.42 10 63 59 ▲ ▲ ▲ $1.38 $0.71 Refined Vegetable Oil Refined sugar HTG 80.57 2 2 -3 ► ► ► HTG 55.12 0 0 -5 ► ► ▼ $1.41 $0.97 Rice (4% Broken) Refined Vegetable Oil HTG 55.12 1 7 5 ► ▲ ▲ HTG 92.46 0 17 12 ► ▲ ▲ $0.97 $1.62 Wheat Flour Rice (4% Broken) HTG 45.93 25 47 45 ▲ ▲ ▲ HTG 44.09 0 -4 -7 ► ► ▼ $0.80 $0.77

Jacmel Dry Beans (Black) Wheat Flour Haiti HTG 165.35 25 108 123 ▲ ▲ ▲ HTG 33.07 -10 -5 3 ▼ ▼ ► $2.90 $0.58

Maize Meal Choluteca Dry Beans (Red) (W) HTG 44.09 0 51 51 ► ▲ ▲ Honduras HNL 20.39 2 -26 - ► ▼ - $0.77 $0.93 Refined sugar Maize (White) (W) HTG 66.14 0 13 -1 ► ▲ ► HNL 8.58 7 17 - ▲ ▲ - $1.16 $0.39

Refined Vegetable Oil Comayagua Dry Beans (Red) (W) HTG 105.67 -5 33 28 ▼ ▲ ▲ Honduras HNL 20.03 2 -30 - ► ▼ - $1.85 $0.91 Rice (4% Broken) Maize (White) (W) HTG 55.12 0 0 0 ► ► ► HNL 8.58 4 8 - ► ▲ - Central America Caribbean Central and America Caribbean Central and $0.97 $0.39

Wheat Flour Siguatepeque Dry Beans (Red) (W) HTG 66.14 0 50 40 ► ▲ ▲ Honduras HNL 18.19 -5 -37 - ▼ ▼ - $1.16 $0.83

Jeremie Dry Beans (Black) Maize (White) (W) Haiti HTG 106.56 -18 57 61 ▼ ▲ ▲ HNL 8.36 5 5 - ▲ ▲ - $1.87 $0.38

Maize Meal Tegucigalpa Dry Beans (Red) HTG 29.40 -33 5 38 ▼ ▲ ▲ Honduras HNL 22.71 -6 -28 -10 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.51 $1.03 Refined sugar Maize (White) HTG 66.14 0 6 -11 ► ▲ ▼ HNL 9.39 4 15 30 ► ▲ ▲ $1.16 $0.43 Refined Vegetable Oil Rice (4% Broken) HTG 105.67 0 11 19 ► ▲ ▲ HNL 19.96 0 -9 0 ► ▼ ► $1.85 $0.91

Rice (4% Broken) Mexico City Dry Beans (Black) (W) HTG 57.32 0 11 10 ► ▲ ▲ Mexico MXN 14.58 1 12 3 ► ▲ ► $1.00 $0.81 Wheat Flour Dry Beans (Red) (W) HTG 44.09 0 33 28 ► ▲ ▲ MXN 18.00 0 6 8 ► ▲ ▲ $0.77 $1.00

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 15 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Mexico City Eggs (Fresh, White) (W) Faizabad Rice (Low Grade) Mexico MXN 19.08 -2 -35 -12 ► ▼ ▼ Afghanistan AFN 46.50 3 -7 -6 ► ▼ ▼ $1.06 $0.68 Maize (White) (W) Wheat Flour (Low Quality) MXN 5.20 0 8 1 ► ▲ ► AFN 28.75 3 3 8 ► ► ▲ $0.29 $0.42 Refined sugar (W) Wheat Grain MXN 10.63 -2 40 19 ► ▲ ▲ AFN 26.75 4 7 25 ► ▲ ▲ $0.59 $0.39

Refined Vegetable Oil (W) Hirat Diesel MXN 18.74 0 -2 -7 ► ► ▼ Afghanistan AFN 32.50 -8 -24 -42 ▼ ▼ ▼ $1.04 $0.47 Rice (10% Broken) (W) Refined Vegetable Oil MXN 12.85 -1 -5 -2 ► ▼ ► AFN 67.25 0 -3 -9 ► ► ▼ $0.72 $0.98

Managua Dry Beans (Black) (W) Rice (Low Grade) Nicaragua NIO 23.90 -6 - - ▼ - - AFN 26.80 -2 4 2 ► ► ► $0.88 $0.39 Dry Beans (Red) (W) Wheat Flour (Low Quality) NIO 25.53 -14 -33 0 ▼ ▼ ► AFN 27.20 -2 -1 10 ► ► ▲ $0.94 $0.40 Dry Beans (Tinto) (W) Wheat Grain NIO 23.93 -17 -36 -3 ▼ ▼ ► AFN 20.08 -1 -7 7 ► ▼ ▲ $0.88 $0.29

Maize (White) (W) Jalalabad Rice (Low Grade) NIO 12.19 6 40 59 ▲ ▲ ▲ Afghanistan AFN 29.50 0 -1 -22 ► ► ▼ $0.45 $0.43 Central Asia Central Rice (20% Broken) (W) Wheat Flour (Low Quality) NIO 25.08 -7 5 21 ▼ ▲ ▲ AFN 22.38 -5 -13 1 ▼ ▼ ► Central America Caribbean Central and $0.92 $0.33 Rice (4% Broken) (W) Wheat Grain NIO 26.93 1 1 16 ► ► ▲ AFN 20.75 -6 -12 2 ▼ ▼ ► $0.99 $0.30

Sorghum (White) (W) Kabul Diesel NIO 12.68 -10 45 41 ▼ ▲ ▲ Afghanistan AFN 36.38 -7 -17 -37 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.47 $0.53 Refined Vegetable Oil AFN 79.00 1 -2 -3 ► ► ► $1.15 Rice (Low Grade) AFN 58.00 0 16 48 ► ▲ ▲ $0.85 Wheat Flour (Low Quality) AFN 26.00 3 14 14 ► ▲ ▲ $0.38 Wheat Grain AFN 27.00 6 10 27 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.39

Kandahar Rice (Low Grade) Afghanistan AFN 29.28 7 1 2 ▲ ► ► $0.43

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 16 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

Kandahar Wheat Flour (Low Lahore Rice (Long Grain, IRRI-6) Quality) Afghanistan AFN 27.20 5 10 21 ▲ ▲ ▲ Pakistan PKR 46.90 3 -27 -17 ► ▼ ▼ $0.40 $0.45 Wheat Grain Wheat Flour AFN 28.33 7 3 21 ▲ ► ▲ PKR 39.00 -1 1 13 ► ► ▲ $0.41 $0.38

Maimana Rice (Low Grade) Wheat Grain Afghanistan AFN 37.00 0 -8 -13 ► ▼ ▼ PKR 35.63 0 1 10 ► ► ▲ $0.54 $0.34

Wheat Flour (Low Multan Rice (Long Grain, Basmati) Quality) AFN 24.50 -6 -9 2 ▼ ▼ ► Pakistan PKR 63.33 1 -17 -8 ► ▼ ▼ $0.36 $0.61 Wheat Grain Rice (Long Grain, IRRI-6) AFN 23.00 0 -4 14 ► ▼ ▲ PKR 35.00 0 -8 -11 ► ▼ ▼ $0.34 $0.34

Mazar-e-Sharif Diesel Wheat Flour Afghanistan AFN 40.75 -3 -13 -28 ► ▼ ▼ PKR 38.50 -1 1 10 ► ► ▲ $0.59 $0.37 Refined Vegetable Oil Wheat Grain AFN 77.50 0 -1 -3 ► ► ► PKR 33.50 0 2 8 ► ► ▲ $1.13 $0.32

Rice (Low Grade) Peshawar Rice (Long Grain, Basmati) AFN 38.00 0 -5 6 ► ▼ ▲ Pakistan PKR 67.29 0 -3 -3 ► ► ► $0.55 $0.65 Wheat Flour (Low Rice (Long Grain, IRRI-6) Quality) AFN 24.25 -4 1 13 ► ► ▲ PKR 41.55 0 -2 -11 ► ► ▼ $0.35 $0.40 Central Asia Central Asia Central Wheat Grain Wheat Flour AFN 22.00 0 0 16 ► ► ▲ PKR 39.13 1 -1 7 ► ► ▲ $0.32 $0.38

Nili Rice (Low Grade) Wheat Grain Afghanistan AFN 60.00 0 -6 8 ► ▼ ▲ PKR 34.25 1 -7 1 ► ▼ ► $0.88 $0.33

Wheat Flour (Low Quetta Rice (Long Grain, IRRI-6) Quality) AFN 35.00 0 3 6 ► ► ▲ Pakistan PKR 50.00 0 0 17 ► ► ▲ $0.51 $0.48 Wheat Grain Wheat Flour AFN 33.00 2 9 14 ► ▲ ▲ PKR 40.50 4 -1 9 ► ► ▲ $0.48 $0.39

Karachi Rice (Long Grain, Basmati) National Average Wheat Flour (First Grade) Pakistan PKR 68.37 0 -11 5 ► ▼ ▲ Tajikistan TJS 3.54 4 11 28 ► ▲ ▲ $0.66 $0.48 Rice (Long Grain, IRRI-6) PKR 43.31 0 -23 -14 ► ▼ ▼ $0.42 Wheat Flour PKR 44.35 0 5 13 ► ▲ ▲ $0.43 Wheat Grain PKR 37.00 0 7 14 ► ▲ ▲ $0.36

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 17 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Food and Fuel Price Trends Food and Fuel Price Trends

MAIZE WHEAT

Gulf of Mexico Maize Gulf of Mexico Wheat United States (Yellow No. 2) United States No. 2, Soft Red -2 -9 -34 ► ▼ ▼ 1 -17 -30 ► ▼ ▼ USD 0.16 USD 0.19 $0.16 $0.19 Randfontein Maize Randfontein Wheat Grain South Africa ZAR 4.89 5 25 45 ▲ ▲ ▲ South Africa (Yellow) 9 92 66 ▲ ▲ ▲ (SAFEX) ZAR 3.88 (SAFEX) $0.30 $0.24 Rouën Wheat Maize France (Grade 1) -6 -25 -40 ▼ ▼ ▼ (White) EUR 0.16 24 146 117 ▲ ▲ ▲ ZAR 4.95 $0.18 $0.30 St. Lawrence Wheat Up River Maize Canada (CWRS) -13 -32 - ▼ ▼ - Argentina ARS 2.17 -3 -13 -34 ► ▼ ▼ CAD 0.29 $0.20 $0.16 Up River Wheat RICE Argentina (Trigo Pan) 1 -24 -36 ► ▼ ▼ ARS 2.62 $0.19 Bangkok Rice Thailand (100% B) 0 -13 -28 ► ▼ ▼ CRUDE OIL THB 13.53 $0.38 WTI Crude Oil* Rice United States USD 31.54 -15 -33 -63 ▼ ▼ ▼ (A1 Super) 10 11 -14 ▲ ▲ ▼ $31.54 THB 13.21 Brent Crude Oil* $0.37 Hanoi Northern Sea USD 30.80 -18 -68 -68 ▼ ▼ ▼ Rice Vietnam $30.80 (5% broken) -2 -3 -14 ► ► ▼ Dubai Crude Oil* VND 7,298 Persian Gulf USD 27.00 -22 -71 -71 ▼ ▼ ▼ $0.36 $27.00 *reported in $/bbl SORGHUM

Gulf of Mexico Sorghum In ternational United States (Yellow No. 2) International -3 -29 -35 ► ▼ ▼ USD 0.16 $0.16

SOYBEANS

Gulf of Mexico Soybeans United States USD 0.20 -2 -22 -26 ► ▼ ▼ $0.20

SUGAR

Caribbean Sugar (Raw) -3 -8 -35 ► ▼ ▼ (Average) USD 0.31 $0.31

WHEAT

Aktau Port Milling Wheat Kazakhstan KZT 65.23 5 26 54 ▲ ▲ ▲ $0.18 Black Sea Milling Wheat (Average) USD 0.18 -5 -26 - ▼ ▼ - $0.18 Eastern States Wheat Australia (ASW) -2 -22 -26 ► ▼ ▼ (standard) AUD 0.29 USD 0.20 Gulf of Mexico Wheat United States No. 2, Hard 1 -18 -30 ► ▼ ▼ USD 0.21 $0.21

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 18 PRICE WATCH ANNEX 2 January 2016 Prices February 29, 2016

Figure 1. Millet prices in West Africa (2010 - 2016) Figure 2. Sorghum prices in West Africa (2010 - 2016)

0.75 0.75 USD/kg USD/kg

0.50 0.50

0.25 0.25

0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Moundou, Chad Solenzo, Burkina Faso Maradi, Niger Moundou, Chad Segou, Segou centre, Mali Maradi, Niger Segou, Segou centre, Mali Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso Kaolak, Senegal Kano, Nigeria (W)

Figure 3. Maize prices in West Africa (2010 - 2016) Figure 4. Rice prices in West Africa (2010 - 2016)

West Africa 0.75 1.50 USD/kg USD/kg

0.50 1.00

0.25 0.50

0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Bol, Chad Malanville, Benin Bamako, Mali Dakar, Tilène, Senegal * Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso Kano, Nigeria (W) Monrovia, Red Light, Liberia * ______* imported rice

Sources of prices in West Africa: Information System on agricultural markets (SIMA) Niger, Agricultural Market Observatory (OMA) Mali, Burkina Faso SONAGESS, Information System market (SIM) in Senegal and FEWS NET.

Figure 5. Dry bean prices in East Africa (2010 - 2016) Figure 6. Sorghum prices in East Africa (2010 - 2016)

1.50 3.50 USD/kg USD/kg 1.25 3.00 2.50 1.00 2.00 0.75 1.50 0.50 1.00

0.25 0.50 East Africa 0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15

Arusha, Tanzania (W) Kigali City, Rwanda Al Qadarif, Sudan Baidoa, Somalia Kampala, Uganda (W) Juba, South Sudan Eldoret, Kenya (W) Masindi, Uganda (W) Dire Dawa, Ethiopia (W)

The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) monitors trends in staple food prices in countries vulnerable to food insecurity. The Price Watch Annex 2 provides prices trends for key markets and staple foods monitored across FEWS NET countries and regions. The commodities with a reference (W) are wholesale prices. Otherwise, all reported prices are retail.

FEWS NET FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity. The content of this report does not necessarily reflect the [email protected] view of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. www.fews.net

PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Figure 7. Maize prices in surplus areas of East Africa (2010 - 2016) Figure 8. Maize prices in deficit areas of East Africa (2010 - 2016)

0.75 3.00 USD/kg USD/kg 2.50

0.50 2.00

1.50

0.25 1.00 0.50

0.00 0.00 East Africa Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Arusha, Tanzania (W) Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (W) Dire Dawa, Ethiopia (W) Jamame, Somalia Eldoret, Kenya (W) Kampala, Uganda (W) Jijiga, Ethiopia Juba, South Sudan Qorioley, Somalia Songea, Tanzania (W) Nairobi, Kenya (W)

Sources of prices in East Africa: Food and Agriculture Market Information System (FAMIS) FSTS/FEWS NET in Somalia, Uganda Bureau of Statistics and Farmgain, Tanzania Ministry of Industry, Trade and Marketing (MITM), Ethiopia Grain Trade Enterprise (EGTE), Ministry of Agriculture of Kenya, Arid Lands Resource Management Project (ALRMP), SIFSIA, WFP VAM

Figure 9. White maize prices in Southern Africa (2010 - 2016) Figure 10. Bean and cowpea prices in Southern Africa (2010 - 2016)

0.75 1.75 USD/kg USD/kg 1.50 1.25 0.50 1.00 0.75 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15

Lilongwe, Malawi Lusaka, Zambia Arusha, Tanzania (W) * Dodoma, Tanzania (W) * Harare, Zimbabwe Maputo, Mozambique Maputo, Mozambique ** Nampula, Mozambique ** Mbeya, Tanzania (W) Randfontein, South Africa ______* dry beans ** cowpeas

Figure 11. Imported rice prices in Southern Africa (2010 - 2016) Southern Africa Southern

1.40 USD/kg 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15

Maputo, Mozambique National Average, Madagascar

Sources of prices in Southern Africa: Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Water Development of Malawi, Ministry of Industry, Trade and Marketing (MITM)) of Tanzania, Observatoire du Riz of Madagascar, Ministry of Agriculture of Mozambique, Central Statistics Office of Zambia, SAFEX, WFP and FEWS NET.

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 20 PRICE WATCH ANNEX February 29, 2016

Figure 12. White maize prices in Central America (2010 - 2016) Figure 13. Dry bean prices in Central America (2010 - 2016)

1.00 3.50 USD/kg USD/kg 3.00 0.75 2.50 2.00 0.50 1.50

0.25 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15

Guatemala City, Guatemala Managua, Nicaragua (W) Guatemala City, Guatemala* (W) * Managua, Nicaragua** ** San Salvador, El Salvador Mexico City, Mexico (W) San Salvador, El Salvador San Jose, Costa Rica (W)** ** Central America and Caribbean and America Central Tegucigalpa, Honduras Tegucigalpa, Honduras ** ** ______* black beans ** red beans

Figure 14. Imported Rice Prices in Haiti (2010-2016) Figure 15. Black bean prices in Haiti (2010 - 2016)

3.00 3.00 USD/kg USD/kg 2.50 2.50

2.00 2.00

1.50 1.50

1.00 1.00

0.50 0.50

0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Cap Haïtien, Haiti Hinche, Haiti Cap Haïtien, Haiti Hinche, Haiti Jacmel, Haiti Jérémie, Haiti Jacmel, Haiti Jérémie, Haiti Central America and Caribbean and America Central Port-au-Prince, Haiti Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Sources of prices in Central America and Caribbean: Coordination nationale de la sécurité alimentaire (CNSA) and FEWS NET, MAL, Dirección General de Economía Agropecuaria (DGEA), Sistema de Información de Mercados Productos Agrícolas de Honduras (SIMPAH), Secretaria de Economia de Mexico, and Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion de Guatemala (MAGA).

Figure 16. Wheat grain prices in Central Asia (2010 - 2016) Figure 17. Wheat flour prices in Central Asia (2010 - 2016)

0.80 0.75 USD/kg USD/kg

0.60 0.50

0.40

0.25 0.20 Central Asia Central

0.00 0.00 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15 Jul-10 Jul-11 Jul-12 Jul-13 Jul-14 Jul-15 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Jan-16 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 Oct-13 Oct-14 Oct-15 Apr-10 Apr-11 Apr-12 Apr-13 Apr-14 Apr-15

Dushanbe, Tajikistan Kabul, Afghanistan Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan Kabul, Afghanistan Lahore, Pakistan Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan Faizabad, Afghanistan National Average, Tajikistan

Sources of prices in Central Asia: Afghanistan, WFP and FEWS NET.

______The Famine Early Warning Systems Network 21