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T. C. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Temel Islam Bilimleri Anabilim Dali Tasavvuf Bilim Dali

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T. C. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Temel Islam Bilimleri Anabilim Dali Tasavvuf Bilim Dali T. C. BURSA ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEMEL İSLAM BİLİMLERİ ANABİLİM DALI TASAVVUF BİLİM DALI BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞBENDÎ TARİKATI (DOKTORA TEZİ) Samir VİLDİÇ Danışman: Prof. Dr. Salih ÇİFT BURSA - 2018 T. C. BURSA ULUDAĞ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEMEL İSLAM BİLİMLERİ ANABİLİM DALI TASAVVUF BİLİM DALI BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞBENDÎ TARİKATI (DOKTORA TEZİ) Samir VİLDİÇ Danışman: Prof. Dr. Salih ÇİFT BURSA - 2018 ÖZET Yazar Adı ve Soyadı : Samir VİLDİÇ Üniversite : Uludağ Üniversitesi Enstitü : Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Anabilim Dalı : Temel İslam Bilimleri Bilim Dalı : Tasavvuf Tezin Niteliği : Doktora Tezi Sayfa Sayısı : xiii+201 Mezuniyet Tarihi : / / Tez Danışmanı : Prof. Dr. Salih ÇİFT BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞİBENDÎLİK TARİKATI Özet: İslam’ın Bosna Hersek’e tasavvuf yoluyla girdiği ve sufiler tarafından yayıldığı bilinmektedir. Osmanlı toplumunun din anlayışının merkezinde yer alan tasavvufun, Bosna halkının hayatına etkileri gönümüze kadar sürmüştür. Bosna’da yaygınlık kazanan tarikatların başında şüphesiz Nakşbendî tarikatı bulunmaktadır. Gaziler Tekkesi, İskender Paşa Tekkesi, Yediler Tekkesi, Mlin (Değirmen) Tekkesi, Ali Paşa Nakşbendî Tekkesi, Koskî Mehmet Paşa Hankahı, Foynica Tekkesi, Vukeljiçi Tekkesi, Oglavak Tekkesi, Seonica Tekkesi, Visoko Tekkesi, Meytaş Tekkesi ve Mesudiye Tekkesi Bosna Hersek’te Nakşbendî tarikatına ait yalnızca birkaç tanesidir. Bu tekkeler tasavvufi açısından olduğu kadar sanat tarihi yönüyle de önemi haiz mekânlar olup dini kimlikleri yanında fikri ve edebî yönleri güçlü isimlerin yetişmesinde de mühim rol oynamıştır. Bunlardan bazıları Şeyh Hüseyin Zukiç, Şeyh Abdurrahman Sırrî, Şeyh Meylî Baba, Şeyh Hüsnü Numanagiç, Abdulvehhab İlhâmî ve Mehmed Sami Şerbiç’tir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Bosna Hersek, Nakşbendîlik, Tarikat, Tekkeler. v ABSTRACT Name and Surname : Samir VİLDİÇ University : Uludağ University Institution : Social Sciences Institution Field : Basic Islamic Sciences Branch : Mysticism Degree Awarded : Doctorate Page Number : xiii+201 Degree Date : / / Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Salih ÇİFT NAQSBANDI TARIQA IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Abstract: It is known that Islam has entered Bosnia-Herzegovina through the way of Sufism and spread there by Sufis. Sufism, which was in the center of Ottoman perception of religion, has been influential on the life of Bosnian people until today. Undoubtedly, Naqshbandi Tariqa is the leading tariqa among Sufi religious orders that have existed in Bosnia. Tekkes such as Gaziler Tekke, İskender Paşa Tekke, Yediler Tekke, Mlin (Mill) Tekke, Ali Paşa Naqshbandi Tekke, Koski Mehmet Paşa Hankah, Foynica Tekke, Vukeljiçi Tekke, Oglavak Tekke, Seonica Tekke, Visoko Tekke, Meytaş Tekke and Mesudiye Tekke are significant examples that belong to Naqshbandi Tariqa. These tekkes are not only important in terms of sufism but also they are of great importance for their role in training people whose intellectual and literary aspects are strong. Some of those characters are Hüseyin Zukiç, Şeyh Abdurrahman Sırrî, Şeyh Meylî Baba, Şeyh Hüsnü Numanagiç, Abdulvehhab İlhâmî ve Mehmed Sami Şerbiç. Key Words: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Naqsbandi, Tariqa, Lodges. vi İÇİNDEKİLER TEZ ONAY SAYFASI ............................................................................................................. ii YÜKSEK LİSANS/DOKTORA İNTİHAL YAZILIM RAPORU ..................................... iii YEMİN METNİ ...................................................................................................................... iv ÖZET ......................................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. vi ÖNSÖZ ...................................................................................................................................... x KISALTMALAR ..................................................................................................................... xi GİRİŞ A. KAYNAKLARIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ............................................................. 2 1. Arşiv Belgeleri ............................................................................................................. 2 2. Seyahatnâmeler ve Rûznâmeler ................................................................................... 3 3. Çalışmanın Temel Kaynakları ..................................................................................... 4 4. Süreli Yayınlar ........................................................................................................... 10 5. Akademik Çalışmalar ................................................................................................ 17 B. BOSNA’DA TASAVVUF ve TARİKATLARA GENEL BAKIŞ ........................... 19 1. Tasavvufun Bosna Hersek’teki Tarihsel Serüveni .................................................... 19 2. Bosna Hersek’te Yaygınlık Kazanan Tarikatlar ........................................................ 21 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM NAKŞBENDÎLİK’İN BOSNA HERSEK’E GİRİŞİ ve KURULAN İLK NAKŞÎ TEKKELERİ A. NAKŞBENDÎLİK’İN BOSNA HERSEK’E GİRİŞİ ve YAYILMASI ................... 27 B. BOSNA HERSEK’TE KURULAN İLK NAKŞÎ TEKKELERİ ............................. 33 1. Sarayevo Gâziler Tekkesi .......................................................................................... 33 vii 2. Sarayevo İskender Paşa Tekkesi ................................................................................ 34 3. Şeyh Hasan Kâimî Tekkesi ........................................................................................ 39 4. Mostar Koskî Mehmet Paşa Nakşbendî Hankâhı ...................................................... 40 5. Foça Tekkesi .............................................................................................................. 42 6. Ali Paşa Nakşbendî Tekkesi ...................................................................................... 43 7. Konjic Seonica Tekkesi ............................................................................................. 45 8. Sarayevo Yediler Tekkesi .......................................................................................... 46 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞBENDÎLİK’İN KOLLARI VE ÖNEMLİ TEMSİLCİLERİ A. BOSNA HERSEK’TE KURULAN MÜCEDDİDÎ TEKKELERİ .......................... 50 1. Vukeljiçi Tekkesi ....................................................................................................... 50 2. Oglavak Tekkesi ........................................................................................................ 59 3. Foynica Tekkesi ......................................................................................................... 68 4. Mlin (Değirmen) Tekkesi .......................................................................................... 71 5. Visoko Tekkesi .......................................................................................................... 78 6. Travnik Tekkesi ......................................................................................................... 86 B. BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞBENDÎ TARİKATI’NIN HÂLİDÎLİK KOLU ...... 88 1. İbrahim Smayiç-Seljubac (ö. 1920) ........................................................................... 90 2. Rasim Saraçeviç (ö. 1994) ......................................................................................... 94 3. Yunus Sokoloviç (ö. 1945) ........................................................................................ 94 4. Derviş Spahiç (ö. 1978) ............................................................................................. 95 5. Derviş Asım Korkut (ö. 1969) ................................................................................... 96 C. BOSNA HERSEK’TE FAALİYET GÖSTEREN DİĞER NAKŞÎLER ................ 98 1. Abdulvehhâb Jepçak (ö. 1821) .................................................................................. 98 2. Doktor Mehmed Sami Şerbiç (ö. 1918) ................................................................... 101 3. Mustafa Çoliç (ö. 2004) ........................................................................................... 102 4. Mustafa Muyiç (ö. 1999) ......................................................................................... 102 D. BOSNA HERSEK’TE SON DÖNEMDE KURULAN NAKŞÎ TEKKELER ........ 105 viii ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM NAKŞBENDÎLİK’İN BOSNA HERSEK’E ÖZGÜ TEZAHÜRLERİ A. BOSNA HERSEK NAKŞBENDÎ SİLSİLESİ ........................................................ 110 B. BOSNA HERSEK’TE NAKŞBENDÎ SEYRÜ SÜLÛKÜ ...................................... 114 1. Bosna Hersek’te Nakşbendî Usulü Zikir ................................................................. 116 2. Nakşbendî-Hüseynî Zikrin Uygulanması ................................................................ 118 3. Günümüzde Bosna Hersek’te Nakşbendî zikirlerin yapıldığı yerler ....................... 120 C. BOSNALI NAKŞBENDÎLERİN ALHAMİYADO EDEBİYATINA ETKİSİ ...... 122 D. NAKŞBENDÎ TEKKELERİNDE ADÂB-ERKÂN ve MADDİ UNSURLAR ....... 127 1. Tekkelerde Gülbank Okuma Âdeti .......................................................................... 127 2. Bosna Hersek’te Nakşî Dervişlerin Kıyafetleri ...................................................... 128 3. Bosna Hersek’te Nakşîlerin Düzenlediği Özel Törenler ......................................... 129 4. Bosna Hersek’te Nakşî Tekkelerinin Özellikleri ....................................................
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