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Student Numbers Drop
Recliner, $425 SPORTS In Today’s PAGE 1 Classifieds! AND WEEKLY Charlotte Sun HERALD RAYS WIN AGAIN ON ROAD FLORIDA CITRUS IN CRISIS Evan Longoria singles home the winning run in the 10th inning The $9 billion industry is facing its biggest threat yet, thanks to a as Tampa Bay takes its eighth victory in past 11 away games. mottled brown bug no bigger than a pencil eraser. THE WIRE PAGE 1 An Edition of the Sun VOL. 122 NO. 237 AMERICA’S BEST COMMUNITY DAILY MONDAY AUGUST 25, 2014 www.sunnewspapers.net $1.00 HACKIN’ AROUND Jerry Wilson Student numbers drop By ADAM KREGER enrollment has slipped for funding for education to entire operation.” is all STAFF WRITER the third straight year, and over $19.6 billion, which At the start of the current is down almost 11 percent equates to districts receiv- school year — which began Florida Gov. Rick Scott from nine years ago. ing $7,176 per student — a for most schools last week announced Thursday that “It’s a concern from the $232 per-student increase — there were 15,968 stu- shook up per-student spending perspective that it means over the current school year, dents enrolled in Charlotte should be the highest in the declining revenue,” said according to a press release County’s public schools. erry Wilson loves Elvis Presley. state’s history next year. Doug Whittaker, superin- from Scott’s office. When the 2003-04 Anyone who knows the local car However, the news comes tendent of Charlotte County “That money gets spread school year began, there J dealer knows that. -
Activity Report 2016
ACTIVITY REPORT 2016 ACTIVITY REPORT 2016 Review Investigations, Control of Special Intelligence Methods and Recommendations Belgian Standing Intelligence Agencies Review Committee Belgian Standing Intelligence Agencies Review Committee Cambridge – Antwerp – Portland Th e Dutch and French language versions of this report are the offi cial versions. In case of confl ict between the Dutch and French language versions and the English language version, the meaning of the fi rst ones shall prevail. Activity Report 2016. Review Investigations, Control of Special Intelligence Methods and Recommendations Belgian Standing Intelligence Agencies Review Committee Belgian Standing Intelligence Agencies Review Committee Rue de Louvain 48, 1000 Brussels – Belgium + 32 (0)2 286 29 11 [email protected] www.comiteri.be © 2018 Intersentia Cambridge – Antwerp – Portland www.intersentia.com ISBN 978-1-78068-642-4 D/2018/7849/27 NUR 823 All rights reserved. Nothing from this report may be reproduced, stored in an automated database or made public in any way whatsoever without the express prior consent of the publishers, except as expressly required by law. CONTENTS List of abbreviations . vii Introduction . xi ACTIVITY REPORT 2016 Table of contents of the complete Activity Report . 3 Preface . 9 Review investigations . 11 Control of special intelligence methods . 85 Recommendations . 113 APPENDICES Extract of the Act of 18 July 1991 governing Review of the Police and Intelligence Services and the Coordination Unit for Th reat Assessment . 125 Extract of the Act of 30 November 1998 governing the Intelligence and Security Services . 143 v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BCC Belgian Criminal Code BCCP Belgian Code of Civil Procedure BICS Belgacom International Carrier Services BOJ Belgian Offi cial Journal CCB Centre for Cybersecurity Belgium (Centrum voor Cybersecurity België – Centre pour la cybersécurité Belgique) CCIRM Collection coordination and intelligence requirements management CHOD Chief of Defence C.O.C. -
Attribution and Response to Cybercrime/Terrorism/Warfare Susan W
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 97 Article 2 Issue 2 Winter Winter 2007 At Light Speed: Attribution and Response to Cybercrime/Terrorism/Warfare Susan W. Brenner Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Susan W. Brenner, At Light Speed: Attribution and Response to Cybercrime/Terrorism/Warfare, 97 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 379 (2006-2007) This Symposium is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. 0091-4169/07/9702-0379 THE JOURNALOF CRIMINAL LAW & CRIMINOLOGY Vol. 97. No. 2 Copyright 0 2007 by NorthwesternUniversity. Schoolof Low Printedin U.S.A. "AT LIGHT SPEED": ATTRIBUTION AND RESPONSE TO CYBERCRIME/TERRORISM/WARFARE SUSAN W. BRENNER* This Article explains why and how computer technology complicates the related processes of identifying internal (crime and terrorism) and external (war) threats to social order of respondingto those threats. First, it divides the process-attribution-intotwo categories: what-attribution (what kind of attack is this?) and who-attribution (who is responsiblefor this attack?). Then, it analyzes, in detail, how and why our adversaries' use of computer technology blurs the distinctions between what is now cybercrime, cyberterrorism, and cyberwarfare. The Article goes on to analyze how and why computer technology and the blurring of these distinctions erode our ability to mount an effective response to threats of either type. -
Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq
Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq An Analysis of open-source intelligence and statistical data Linus Gustafsson Magnus Ranstorp Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq An analysis of open-source intelligence and statistical data Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq An analysis of open-source intelligence and statistical data Authors: Linus Gustafsson Magnus Ranstorp Swedish Defence University 2017 Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq: An analysis of open-source intelligence and statistical data Linus Gustafsson & Magnus Ranstorp © Swedish Defence University, Linus Gustafsson & Magnus Ranstorp 2017 No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. Swedish material law is applied to this book. The contents of the book has been reviewed and authorized by the Department of Security, Strategy and Leadership. Printed by: Arkitektkopia AB, Bromma 2017 ISBN 978-91-86137-64-9 For information regarding publications published by the Swedish Defence University, call +46 8 553 42 500, or visit our home page www.fhs.se/en/research/internet-bookstore/. Summary Summary The conflict in Syria and Iraq has resulted in an increase in the number of violent Islamist extremists in Sweden, and a significant increase of people from Sweden travelling to join terrorist groups abroad. Since 2012 it is estimated that about 300 people from Sweden have travelled to Syria and Iraq to join terrorist groups such as the Islamic State (IS) and, to a lesser extent, al-Qaeda affiliated groups such as Jabhat al-Nusra. Even though the foreign fighter issue has been on the political agenda for several years and received considerable media attention, very little is known about the Swedish contingent. -
APR 2016 Part C.Pdf
Page | 1 CBRNE-TERRORISM NEWSLETTER – April 2016 www.cbrne-terrorism-newsletter.com Page | 2 CBRNE-TERRORISM NEWSLETTER – April 2016 After Brussels, Europe's intelligence woes revealed Source:http://www.cnbc.com/2016/03/22/brussels-attack-why-europe-must-increase-terror- intelligence.html Mar 23 – Europe must improve the regional Rudd's comments are at the crux of a hot- sharing of intelligence to successfully button discourse about the encroachment on combat the rise of homegrown militants, civil liberties should governments ramp up policy experts told CNBC a day after deadly surveillance and detainment tactics in the explosions hit Brussels. global war on terror. Global terrorist organization ISIS claimed Rudd believes it's a necessary cost to bear. responsibility for Tuesday's attacks that killed "This is not a normal set of circumstances, at least 31 people, the latest episode in the we've got to give our men and women in group's campaign of large-scale violence on uniform and in the intelligence services the the international stage. powers necessary to deal with this. This is no Recent offensives in Paris and Jakarta indicate criticism of the Belgian government but a wake- ISIS is increasingly relying on local up call to all of us who wrestle with this fundamentalists, typically trained in ISIS debate." strongholds within the Middle East, to execute Others agree that European officials must suicide bombings and shootings in busy direct more investment to counter-terrorism, metropolitan areas. despite strained finances for most countries in "The key question here is closing the the region. intelligence gap," said Kevin Rudd, former The fact that the perpetrator of December's Prime Minister of Australia and president of the Paris attacks was caught in Belgium four Asia Society Policy Institute. -
In Der Berichterstattung Über Die Anschläge
EINE KONTRASTIVE BEGRIFFSANALYSE DES SPRACHGEBRAUCHS (DEUTSCH UND NIEDERLÄNDISCH) IN DER BERICHTERSTATTUNG ÜBER DIE ANSCHLÄGE VON BRÜSSEL MIXED METHODS STUDIE AUF BASIS EINES SELBST ERSTELLTEN KORPUS VON DEUTSCHEN UND FLÄMISCHEN ZEITUNGS- UND ZEITSCHRIFTARTIKELN Aantal woorden: 16.706 Lisa De Brabant Studentennummer: 01306076 Promotor: Prof. dr. Carola Strobl Masterproef voorgelegd voor het behalen van de graad master in het Vertalen Academiejaar: 2017 – 2018 Verklaring i.v.m. auteursrecht De auteur en de promotor(en) geven de toelating deze studie als geheel voor consultatie beschikbaar te stellen voor persoonlijk gebruik. Elk ander gebruik valt onder de beperkingen van het auteursrecht, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot de verplichting de bron uitdrukkelijk te vermelden bij het aanhalen van gegevens uit deze studie. Het auteursrecht betreffende de gegevens vermeld in deze studie berust bij de promotor(en). Het auteursrecht beperkt zich tot de wijze waarop de auteur de problematiek van het onderwerp heeft benaderd en neergeschreven. De auteur respecteert daarbij het oorspronkelijke auteursrecht van de individueel geciteerde studies en eventueel bijhorende documentatie, zoals tabellen en figuren. DANKESWORT Diese Masterarbeit wäre nicht möglich gewesen ohne die Hilfe einiger wichtiger Personen, denen ich hier meinen Dank aussprechen möchte. In erster Linie möchte ich meiner Betreuerin Prof. dr. Carola Strobl herzlich für die wertvolle Hilfe und die unerschöpfliche Geduld danken, denn ohne sie hätte ich es einfach nicht schaffen können. Als ich über bestimmte Sachen zweifelte oder während des Prozesses auf Schwierigkeiten stieß, konnte ich sie immer einfach um Rat beten und mit einer schnellen Antwort rechnen. Auch die Termine im Laufe des Jahres habe ich als sehr angenehm und motivierend erfahren. -
Brussels Metro to Grow As Pre-Metro Shrinks
BRUSSELS METRO TO GROW … AS PRE-METRO SHRINKS by Geoffrey Skelsey The recent announcement that preliminary work was to start on the extension of Brussels Metro line 3, and the conversion to Metro operation of the existing tram-worked pre-metro line, makes it timely to review the story of the line, and of the pre-metro concept. This will be the latest development in a conversion programme which began in 1976 on line 1, followed in 1988 on line 2. THE BIRTH OF THE ‘PRE-METRO’. The pre-metro is often thought to have originated in Belgium and (West) Germany, but it is a sad reflection on a lack of impetus in British transport projects that amongst the earliest formulations of a system of tram subways linking segregated suburban feeder lines occurred in Leeds and Glasgow around the end of the Second World War. The Leeds transport manager, W. Vane Morland, after pre- war study tours in Sweden and Boston, drew up proposals in 1944 for intersecting tunnels below the city centre leading to a network of high-quality suburban tramways (or ‘light rail lines’ as they would now be called). The city went some way towards achieving the second part of the project, with ‘express’ tramways extending east and south of the city, and other planned, some of which were completed as late as 1949. Exploratory work was undertaken by the City Engineer, including trial borings for tunnels extending east-west and north-south, with a two-level interchange station below City Square. In 1948 Eric Fitzpayne, Glasgow’s enterprising transport manager, produced similar plans, with the important addition of proposals to reuse underexploited local railways with tram-type vehicles. -
Integrated Helicopter Survivability
Cranfield University Nicholas G. Law Integrated Helicopter Survivability Aeromechanical Systems Group Cranfield Defence and Security PhD DSTL/PUB36228 Cranfield University Cranfield Defence and Security Aeromechanical Systems Group PhD 2011 Nicholas G. Law Integrated Helicopter Survivability Supervisor: Prof. Kevin Knowles May 2011 © Crown copyright 2011. Published with the permission of the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory on behalf of the Controller of HMSO. DISCLAIMER Any views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Dstl, MOD or any other UK government department. ABSTRACT A high level of survivability is important to protect military personnel and equipment and is central to UK defence policy. Integrated Survivability is the systems engineering methodology to achieve optimum survivability at an affordable cost, enabling a mission to be completed successfully in the face of a hostile environment. “Integrated Helicopter Survivability” is an emerging discipline that is applying this systems engineering approach within the helicopter domain. Philosophically the overall survivability objective is ‘zero attrition’, even though this is unobtainable in practice. The research question was: “How can helicopter survivability be assessed in an integrated way so that the best possible level of survivability can be achieved within the constraints and how will the associated methods support the acquisition process?” The research found that principles from safety management could be applied to the survivability problem, in particular reducing survivability risk to as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). A survivability assessment process was developed to support this approach and was linked into the military helicopter life cycle. This process positioned the survivability assessment methods and associated input data derivation activities. -
National Drug Threat Assessment 2004: Threat Matrix
National Drug Threat Assessment 2004: Threat Matrix Seized Primary Markets Wholesale Retail Source Transit Entry Points Key Illicit Drug en route/within and Principal Price Range Price Range Retailers Projections Locations Countries into U.S. Developments U.S. in 2002 Suppliers in the U.S. in the U.S. Foreign: Colombia, 101,877.8 kg Mexico, Central SWB states (Texas, Atlanta: Mexican, Dominican $10,000-$38,000 per kg $20-$200 per gram African American and DEA Cocaine Signature Potential worldwide cocaine Peru, Bolivia (352,000 kg reportedly American countries, California, Arizona, Chicago: Mexican, Colombian, (powder) (powder) Hispanic criminal groups Program data indicate production will likely decrease Domestic: None available to U.S. markets) Caribbean island nations New Mexico), Dominican $5-$100 per rock (crack) and street gangs; that average wholesale slightly due to increases in Miami/S Florida, Houston: Mexican, Colombian Caucasian local cocaine purity may be eradication and coca spray New York Los Angeles: Mexican, independent dealers; increasing after previous operations as well as a Cocaine Colombian Dominican, Haitian, decreases each year resumption of the Airbridge Miami: Colombian Jamaican, Mexican, between 1999 and 2002. Denial Program. This may New York: Colombian, Mexican, Native American, and result in a decrease in Dominican (also Jamaican, Puerto Rican criminal cocaine availability in the Puerto Rican, and Traditional groups United States. Organized Crime groups) Foreign: Mexico and, 2,512.6 kg Mexican: Direct from -
Report of the Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME)
ICES WGMME REPORT 2015 ICES ADVISORY COMMITTEE ICES CM 2015/ACOM:25 Report of the Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME) 9–12 February 2015 London, UK International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2015. Report of the Working Group on Marine Mammal Ecology (WGMME), 9– 12 February 2015, London, UK. ICES CM 2015/ACOM:25. 114 pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the Gen- eral Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2015 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES WGMME REPORT 2015 | i Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................ 1 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 2 Terms of Reference 2015 ............................................................................................... 4 3 ToR a: Review and report on any new information on population abundance, population/stock structure and management frameworks for marine mammals .................................................................................................... -
Fact Sheets - Incidents Und Threats from the Past Page 2 of 25
Threat Main Group: Bombing attack Threat Subgroup: EXP-01 small load (moving) City, Country: Brussels, Belgium Operator: STIB-MIVB Date/Period of time: 22 March 2016, during morning rush hour (7:58 - 9:11 a.m.) Category according to VDV Guideline: Catastrophe Location: Train (and Airport) Incident summary: Three coordinated suicide bombings occurred in Belgium: two at Brussels Airport in Zaventem and one at Maalbeek metro station, which is located near the European Commission headquarters in central Brussels. The bomb in the train (made from TATP explosives) exploded in the second carriage of a four carriage train as it started to leave the Maalbeek station. The attack took place about an hour after the bombings took place in Brussels Airport. The perpetrators belonged to the terrorist cell Islamic State (IS) of Iraq. Personal damage - number of injured persons: > 300 Personal damage - number of killed persons: 32 (20 pers. in metro station, 12 pers. in the metro) + 3 suicide bombers Material damage: No information available. Impact on operation: After the explosion in Maalbeek at 9:11 a.m., Brussels Metro was subsequently shut down at 09:27. The station Maalbeek was closed for over a month following the attacks. On 25 April 2016, the Maalbeek station reopened again. Impact on structure: Enormous damage of the train (and structure at the airport). Impact on user: After the explosion in the train, the driver immediately stopped the train and helped to evacuate the passengers. Cascading effect: After the attacks, the transport company in Brussels build an „ultra safety network“. Soon after the attacks, security was increased all over the world, particularly at airports, railway stations and other transport hubs (e.g. -
What the Terrorist Campaign in France and Belgium Tells Us About the Future of Jihadist Terrorism in Europe MTI Report 12-02 December 2012 December 12-02 MTI Report
MTI Trains, Concert Halls, Airports, and Restaurants—All Soft Targets: Funded by U.S. Department of Services Transit Census California of Water 2012 Transportation What the Terrorist Campaign in France and Belgium Tells Us About the Future of Jihadist Terrorism in Europe MTI ReportMTI 12-02 December 2012 MTI Report WP 12-10 MINETA TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE MTI FOUNDER Hon. Norman Y. Mineta The Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) was established by Congress in 1991 as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Equity Act (ISTEA) and was reauthorized under the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st century (TEA-21). MTI then successfully MTI BOARD OF TRUSTEES competed to be named a Tier 1 Center in 2002 and 2006 in the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). Most recently, MTI successfully competed in the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2011 to Founder, Honorable Norman Joseph Boardman (Ex-Officio) Diane Woodend Jones (TE 2016) Richard A. White (Ex-Officio) be named a Tier 1 Transit-Focused University Transportation Center. The Institute is funded by Congress through the United States Mineta (Ex-Officio) Chief Executive Officer Principal and Chair of Board Interim President and CEO Department of Transportation’s Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (OST-R), University Transportation Secretary (ret.), US Department of Amtrak Lea+Elliot, Inc. American Public Transportation Transportation Association (APTA) Centers Program, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and by private grants and donations. Vice Chair Anne Canby (TE 2017) Will Kempton (TE 2016) Hill & Knowlton, Inc. Director Executive Director Bud Wright (Ex-Officio) OneRail Coalition California Transportation Executive Director The Institute receives oversight from an internationally respected Board of Trustees whose members represent all major surface Honorary Chair, Honorable Bill Commission American Association of State transportation modes.